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Bucket Truck Chainsaw
Ohio Department of Transportation Bucket Truck Chainsaw Office of Training: Equipment Training Section September 2006 Bucket Truck Chainsaw Table of Contents: Course Schedule.............................................................................................................................. ii Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... iv Learning Objectives ....................................................................................................................... iv Lesson One: Introduction to Chain Saw Bucket Truck Operation ................................................. 1 Lesson Two: Personal Safety & Fall Protection ............................................................................. 9 Lesson Three: Pre-Trip Inspection................................................................................................ 27 Lesson Four: Work Zone .............................................................................................................. 33 Lesson Five: Operation ................................................................................................................. 47 Lesson Six: Field Exercises .......................................................................................................... 67 Appendix A: OSHA Regulations Appendix B: EM – 78/HE Pre-Trip Inspection Form Appendix C: Aerial Lift Daily Inspection Checklist Appendix D: EM – 44 Operator’s Report Appendix E: Body Harness & Lanyard Inspection Report Appendix F: Tailgate Safety Talk Appendix G: Tying Knots Appendix H: Case Scenarios Office of Training: Equipment Training Section i Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Course Schedule Activity Start Duration Title Abstract 8:30 a.m. 5 minutes Abstract and Learning Objectives Lesson One 8:35 a.m. 30 minutes Introduction to Chain Saw Bucket Truck Operation Lesson Two 9:05 a.m. 45 minutes Personal Safety & Fall Protection Break 9:50 a.m. 10 minutes Lesson Three 10:00 a.m. 15 minutes Pre-Trip Inspection Lesson Four 10:15 a.m. 30 minutes Work Zone Lesson Five 10:45 a.m. 45 minutes Operation Lunch 11:30 a.m. 60 minutes Lesson Six 12:30 a.m. 180 minutes Field Exercises Adjourn 3:30 p.m. ii Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section iii Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Abstract Providing safe and efficient travel for Ohio’s citizens has been the first priority of the Ohio Department of Transportation since its inception. In recent years, the role of ODOT’s maintenance program has become increasingly vital. As traffic volumes soar, the emphasis on maintaining and protecting Ohio’s existing highway infrastructure has greatly increased. The role of the maintenance work force is more important now than ever. The bucket trucks used in combination with a chainsaw are versatile pieces of equipment which assist ODOT’s Highway Technicians in meeting today’s maintenance challenges. Bucket trucks are used daily to perform such tasks as removing vegetation which obscures signs or causes sight distance problems, removing overhanging limbs that may fall and cause an accident, assisting with sign installation, and serving as the primary machinery for signal inspection, maintenance, and emergency work. This course is designed to provide participants introductory information on performing aerial tree trimming from a bucket truck. Topics covered will include pre-trip, set-up, personal safety, basic operation, and clean-up. Additional reference materials for this topic are the Chainsaw Operations Manual and the Bucket Truck Operations Manual. Learning Objectives The learning objectives for this course are as follows: iv • How to conduct a pre-trip inspection • Equipment selection • Correct set-up of the work-zone • Danger and safety considerations while trimming from a bucket truck • Proper use of the chainsaw while in the bucket and proper tree trimming techniques • Tying knots Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson One Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson One: Introduction to Bucket Truck Chainsaw Operation LESSON ONE: Introduction to Bucket Truck Chainsaw Operation Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 1 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson One A. Conditions Requiring a Bucket Truck Chainsaw Conditions Requiring a Bucket Truck Chainsaw County garages are held accountable for any road obstructions impeding the flow of traffic or causing a potential hazard such as broken or overhanging limbs 1. County garages are held accountable for any road obstructions impeding the flow of traffic or causing a potential hazard such as broken or overhanging limbs Figure 1-1 2 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson One Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 2. Weather conditions can cause potential hazards on the roadway Operating Conditions Requiring a Bucket Truck Chainsaw Weather conditions can cause potential hazards on the roadway High winds, tornados and violent storms Winter storms, heavy snowfall and ice events a. High winds, tornados and violent storms b. Winter storms, heavy snowfall and ice events Figure 1-2 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 3 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson One 3. There are numerous reasons for aerial tree removal with a chainsaw and bucket truck Operating Conditions Requiring a Bucket Truck Chainsaw (cont.) There are numerous reasons for aerial tree removal with a bucket truck chainsaw Overhanging trees or limbs Rotten trees or limbs Tree thinning for sunlight to shine on roadway and to remove sign obstructions a. Overhanging trees or limbs which may strike a vehicle b. Rotten trees or limbs which may eventually fall onto the roadway c. Basic tree thinning to allow the sun to shine into shaded areas and prevent slick road conditions, which allows salt to react more rapidly d. Provide an unobstructed view of traffic signs and signals Figure 1-3 4 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson One Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 B. Job Duties Job Duties Untrained personnel Personnel who have not received proper training in bucket truck tree trimming should be assigned other job duties until properly trained Trained personnel Trained Highway Technicians with experience operating a bucket truck and chainsaw will be assigned with less experienced operators to guide the trainees in safe and proper on-the-job training 1. Untrained personnel a. Personnel who have not received proper training in bucket truck tree trimming should be assigned other job duties until properly trained. Other job duties include: i. Traffic control ii. Dragging brush to the chipper iii. Observing the bucket truck operator and tree trimmer 2. Trained personnel • Trained Highway Technicians with experience operating a bucket truck and chainsaw will be assigned with less experienced operators to guide the trainees in safe and proper on-the-job training Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 5 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson One 3. Experienced ground leader Job Duties (cont.) Experienced ground leader The ground leader must have a thorough knowledge of the job a. The ground leader must have a thorough knowledge of the job b. The ground leader must be capable of operating the upper and lower controls of the bucket truck c. The ground leader must maintain eye contact with the tree trimmer and the bucket truck operator to facilitate communication with the bucket truck operator, tree trimmer and ground workers d. Ensure no unauthorized personnel enter the workzone e. Ensure all workers follow the guidelines of safe bucket truck chainsaw operations f. Ensure all personnel have been properly trained g. Ensure all equipment has been pre-tripped and is in safe operating order h. Ensure everyone has the proper personal protective equipment (PPE) i. Notify the supervisor of trees or limbs hanging on power lines, and cease operations j. Have garage and emergency contact numbers available k. Establish proper traffic control 6 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson One Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 7 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson One _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 8 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Two Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Two: Personal Safety & Fall Protection LESSON TWO: Personal Safety & Fall Protection Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 9 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Two A. Operator Requirements Operator Requirements Good eyesight Mobility Hearing Overall physical condition Mental alertness Experience Awareness 1. Good eyesight • Depth perception, distance and peripheral vision are all needed for proper operator performance 2. Mobility a. Ability to safely climb in and out of the bucket b. Ability to move around inside the bucket to improve visibility 3. Hearing • Ability to detect and identify unusual noises 4. Overall physical condition a. Medical considerations prior to equipment operation include: i. Back problems ii. Stiffness iii. Medication side affects 10 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Two Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 iv. Any other physical limitation which could affect the ability to operate efficiently and safely 5. Mental alertness a. Potential obstacles include: i. Personal problems ii. Distractions (cell phones, etc.) iii. Stress iv. Lack of sleep 6. Experience • Experience must be considered, but inexperience can be overcome by formal or on-the-job training 7. Awareness a. Operators need to be aware of hazards associated with: i. Equipment ii. Themselves iii. Their crew iv. The public Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 11 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Two B. Operator Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and Proper Safety Apparel Operator Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires, by law, employees exposed to certain types of hazards in their duties wear personal protective equipment to guard against injuries resulting from accidents 1. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires, by law, employees exposed to certain types of hazards in their duties wear personal protective equipment to guard against injuries resulting from accidents (see Appendix A). 12 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Two Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 2. While operating a chainsaw, the employee should wear the following PPE in addition to taking safety precautions Operator Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Proper clothing Proper footwear Head protection Eye protection Hearing protection Gloves Safety vests Leg protection 3. Proper clothing a. Should not be bulky because bulky clothing restricts movement b. Should be fitted • Loose fitting clothing can snag controls or get caught when entering or exiting equipment c. Dress in layers and add or remove layers as needed d. Do not wear i. Jewelry ii. Any item which could become snagged and cause damage or injury 4. Proper footwear • A leather boot with ankle protection is recommended Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 13 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Two 5. Head protection a. A hard hat with a face screen is required i. The hard hat should fit snugly so it does not move when you turn your head, but not so tight as to cause discomfort ii. A logging helmet is recommended (see Figure 2-1) Figure 2-1 b. Secure long hair or wear it under a hat so that it doesn’t obstruct your view or become entangled 6. Eye protection a. Safety glasses are required i. Make sure they are clean, fit properly, and are safety rated ANSI Z87.1 ii. Over-the-counter sun glasses are not considered proper eye protection unless they have the ANSI Z87.1 stamp on them b. Corrective lenses may be worn under the face screen 7. Hearing protection a. Plain cotton balls are not an acceptable protective device b. Earmuffs or earplugs are required 14 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Two Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 8. Gloves a. Leather, or equivalent, is required to keep gloves from snagging in the chain b. Wear the appropriate size for your hands c. Should fit snugly enough to allow the operator to feel the controls 9. Safety vests • A safety vest shall be worn at all times unless supervision deems it to be a secondary hazard 10. Leg protection • Cut-retardant chaps for ground workers and bucket operators are required Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 15 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Two C. Fall Protection System Fall Protection System The fall protection system is vital to ensure safety during bucket truck chainsaw operation Designed to protect personnel from the risk of falls when working at elevated heights 1. The fall protection system is vital to ensure safety during bucket truck chainsaw operation 2. Designed to protect personnel from the risk of falls when working at elevated heights 16 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Two Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 D. Fall Protection Equipment Fall Protection Equipment Full body harness Body support device Lanyard Nylon strap 1. Full body harness (see Figure 2-2) • A body support device used to protect the body from injury in case of a fall. Consisting of connected straps, it is designed to distribute the resulting force evenly over the thighs, shoulders and pelvis. Other components, such as a lanyard, shall be attached to the harness. Figure 2-2 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 17 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Two 2. Lanyard (see Figure 2-3) a. A nylon strap used to secure a full body harness to an approved anchor point b. Shock absorbing lanyard (ODOT) c. Retractable lanyard d. Expiration date is located on the service tag e. Maximum length of a lanyard used during bucket truck chainsaw operations is 2 feet Figure 2-3 18 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Two Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 3. Anchor Fall Protection Equipment (cont.) Anchor The manufacturer’s approved point to attach the lanyard from the full body harness to the bucket truck • The manufacturer’s approved point to attach the lanyard from the full body harness to the bucket truck Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 19 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Two E. Fall Protection Equipment Inspection Fall Protection Equipment Inspection Inspect daily or at the start of each shift Severe working conditions require frequent inspections Defective equipment shall not be used 1. Inspect daily or at the start of each shift 2. Severe working conditions require frequent inspections 3. Defective equipment shall not be used 20 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Two Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 4. Full body harness Fall Protection Equipment Inspection (cont.) Full body harness Check harness for frayed edges, broken fibers, pulled stitches, cuts or chemical damage Check D-rings and snaps for distortion, cracks, breaks, and rough or sharp edges Check for expiration date Check operator’s manual for proper sizing Once harness has been used in a fall, it needs to be disposed a. Check harness for frayed edges, broken fibers, pulled stitches, cuts or chemical damage b. Check D-rings and snaps for distortion, cracks, breaks, and rough or sharp edges c. Check for expiration date on service tag • The expiration date is effective once the harness and/or lanyard has been date-stamped into service by ODOT d. Check operator’s manual for proper sizing e. Once harness has been used in a fall, it needs to be disposed Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 21 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Two 5. Lanyard Fall Protection Equipment Inspection (cont.) Lanyard Check for frayed edges, broken fibers, pulled stitches, cuts or chemical damage Check snaps for distortion cracks, corrosion, or obstruction Check for expiration date printed on the service tag ODOT requires a shock absorbing lanyard of 2 feet a. Check for frayed edges, broken fibers, pulled stitches, cuts or chemical damage b. Check snaps for distortion cracks, corrosion, or obstruction c. Check for expiration date printed on the service tag d. ODOT requires a shock absorbing lanyard of 2 feet 22 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Two Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 6. Anchor Fall Protection Equipment Inspection (cont.) Anchor Check that approved anchor point is securely mounted per manufacturer’s specifications Check for distortion, cracks or damage a. Check that approved anchor point is securely mounted on the boom per manufacturer’s specifications b. Check for distortion, cracks or damage Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 23 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Two F. Fall Protection Procedures Fall Protection Procedures Requirements Proper training must be completed Use the proper protection system Protection system is required for heights greater than 6 feet 1. Requirements a. Proper training must be completed and followed in order to reduce the risk of fall hazards i. Training must be conducted without exposing the employee to a potential fall hazard ii. Training should be repeated periodically b. The proper fall protection system must be used when working at heights of 6 feet or greater c. Before going up in the bucket, secure the safety harness and lanyard to an approved anchor D-ring only d. Never secure the lanyard to an adjacent structure or to another portion of the bucket truck e. Never use the approved D-rings or snap hooks for anything other than attaching a lanyard to the safety harness. Foreign objects attached to the D-rings or snap hooks may prevent proper engagement of the snap hook. f. Never use the harness or lanyard straps to hoist or suspend other loads 24 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Two Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 25 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Two _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 26 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Three Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Three: Pre-Trip Inspection LESSON THREE: Pre-Trip Inspection Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 27 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Three A. Pre-Trip: Bucket Truck, Chainsaw, Body Harness and Lanyard Pre-Trip: Bucket Truck, Chainsaw, Body Harness and Lanyard Bucket Truck Chainsaw Body Harness & Lanyard Inspection Report 1. Bucket truck a. Equipment inspection starts with the use of the EM-78/HE, ODOT’s Vehicle Pre-Trip Inspection Form (see appendix B) b. Fill it out completely and explain any exceptions at the bottom of the form • Exceptions are explanations on why certain sections are not completed on the form (i.e., trailer, plow, etc.) c. Complete the Aerial Lift Daily Inspection Checklist (see appendix C) d. After inspection of the equipment and completion of the EM-78/HE and the Aerial Lift Daily Inspection Checklist, complete a form EM-44 Operator’s Report (see appendix D) and turn it in to the mechanic if any work needs to be completed on the equipment e. Operator’s manual inspection form i. Every operator’s manual will contain a daily inspection form for the specific bucket truck ii. If any item is found to be unsatisfactory after completing the daily inspection form, the bucket truck shall immediately be placed out of service until maintenance work can be properly completed by certified personnel 28 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Three Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 2. Chainsaw a. Check saw for any loose, missing or cracked parts b. Check chain for wear and sharpness c. Check bar for wear, cracks or bends d. Check fuel and oil levels e. Ensure the chain brake is operating correctly f. Start saw and check to be sure bar oil is flowing correctly 3. Complete the Body Harness & Lanyard Inspection Report (see appendix E) B. Additional Tools Additional Tools Rope Chainsaws Round and flat files Extra bars and chains Wedges and Axes Pre-mixed fuel Bar oil Chainsaw wrench Lanyard for chainsaw 1. Be sure to have all of the tools necessary to complete the job 2. Tools recommended for a tree trimming operation a. Rope • 3/4 inch rope a minimum of 100 feet long Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 29 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Three b. Chainsaws • Appropriate size chainsaw for the job c. Round file i. Steel file is used to sharpen the chainsaw ii. Appropriate round file for the chain size d. Flat file • Steel file is used to file the rakers with a depth gauge e. Extra bars and chains f. Wedges and lineman’s axe g. Pre-mixed fuel h. Bar oil i. Chainsaw wrench specific to your brand of chainsaw j. Lanyard for chainsaw 30 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Three Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 31 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Three _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 32 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Four Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Four: Workzone LESSON FOUR: Workzone Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 33 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Four A. Know the Work Area Know the Work Area Make the necessary work assignments Upon arriving at the work area, be certain to comply with all workzone rules and regulations concerning proper workzone set up 1. Make the necessary work assignments • A tailgate safety talk prior to leaving for the work area will help clarify work assignments and provide valuable safety information (see Appendix F) 2. Upon arriving at the work area, be certain to comply with all workzone rules and regulations concerning proper workzone set up according to the Ohio Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (OMUTCD) 34 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Four Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Know the Work Area (cont.) Watch for overhead obstructions Know the weight limitations in relation to the work area Make sure all lights and warning signs are visible 3. Watch for overhead obstructions a. Power or utility lines b. Low hanging limbs c. Overpasses 4. Know your weight limitations in relation to the work area a. Bridges b. Soft shoulders 5. Make sure all lights and warning signs are visible Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 35 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Four B. Set Up the Workzone Set Up the Workzone Set up for proper traffic control 1. Set up for proper traffic control a. Upon arriving at the area to be cleared, set up the proper traffic control devices to alert oncoming traffic b. Proper signing c. Trained flaggers 36 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Four Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 C. Assess the Hazards Assess the Hazards Be aware of all hazardous conditions and do not create a potential hazard 1. Be aware of all hazardous conditions and do not create a potential hazard a. Do not perform any bucket truck chainsaw operation during any of the following weather conditions or when the following situations are observed i. Thunderstorms Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 37 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Four Assess the Hazards (cont.) High winds Snow and ice storms Poor visibility ii. High winds (30 mph) iii. Snow and ice storms iv. Poor visibility (fog, etc.) v. Rotten trees or limbs which may fall and endanger crew members working below vi. Danger trees (trees leaning into the tree being trimmed) 38 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Four Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Assess the Hazards (cont.) Limbs and vines under tension vii. Limbs and vines under tension a) Can snap back at the chainsaw operator when the cut is complete b) May pinch the chainsaw bar and chain c) Could cause a kickback situation Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 39 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Four Assess the Hazards (cont.) Clear work area Trees around power or telephone lines 2. Clear work area • It is important to have the work area as clutter free as possible 3. Trees around power or telephone lines • 40 Stay away from power lines. If the work area contains any power lines (downed or otherwise), do not work in the area and notify your manager immediately. Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Four Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Assess the Hazards (cont.) Always shut the chainsaw off before repositioning the bucket Fire hazards Fueling precautions 4. Always shut the chainsaw off before repositioning the bucket 5. Fire hazards a. Keep bucket free of sawdust build-up b. Clean up all spills c. Keep the chainsaw clean 6. Fueling precautions a. Never fuel a chainsaw while it is running i. Sparks from an already hot motor can create a fire hazard ii. Wait a few minutes for the motor to cool before refueling to prevent burn injuries b. Fill the fuel tank in an open area c. Never fuel a chainsaw while in the bucket d. Keep the fuel supply at least ten feet away from the area of operation e. Fuel the chainsaw at least ten feet away from the area of operation Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 41 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Four Assess the Hazards (cont.) A fire extinguisher and a first aid kit shall be located at the worksite 7. A fire extinguisher and a first aid kit shall be located at the worksite 42 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Four Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 D. Determine Where to Safely Place the Bucket Truck Determine Where to Safely Place the Bucket Truck Perform the operating procedures in the proper order 1. Perform the operating procedures in the following order a. Position the vehicle on a firm and level surface providing adequate support i. Set the parking brake as soon as the truck has been positioned ii. Park the truck in an area which will allow the entire task to be completed without moving the truck iii. Stay away from power lines. If the work area contains any power lines (downed or otherwise), do not work in the area and notify the manager immediately. a) Personnel who do work around power lines as a part of their daily work assignment will receive the appropriate training at a later date b) Working around power lines is not a part of this basic course iv. Chock the wheels while the machine is in use as an additional safety precaution Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 43 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Four E. Work Environment Work Environment Survey surroundings 1. Survey surroundings a. Survey the site for drop offs and embankments b. Be aware of all side and overhead obstructions, especially power lines c. Ensure all other vehicles and unauthorized personnel are out of the area d. Know the location of your coworkers before beginning e. Be aware at all times of potentially hazardous conditions which may develop as you are operating the chainsaw or bucket truck f. Check the vehicle’s foundation, the bucket’s elevation, trees, limbs, vines and surroundings g. Watch for coworkers or others who may walk into the work area, putting themselves and you at risk h. Ground crews should be cautious of snow, mud, or loose gravel 44 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Four Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 F. Determine Cutting Order Determine Cutting Order Things to consider when determining the cutting order 1. Things to consider when determining the cutting order a. Cut away any potential hazards such as vines and rotten or broken limbs b. Determine the fall of limbs before cutting c. Be aware of potential hazards d. Do not permit workers to be in the clear zone (any area under the bucket where a fall hazard is present) Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 45 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Four _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 46 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Five Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Five: Operation LESSON FIVE: Operation Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 47 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Five A. Preparing for the Task Preparing for the Task Determine the chainsaw size 1. Determine the chainsaw size a. Each job must be reviewed to determine the size of saw necessary to complete the assignment b. Lightweight saws require less strength and endurance, which results in less strain c. Light work with a heavy saw may result in fatigue 48 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Five Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Type Guide Bar Length Recommended Use Minisaws 6 to 8 inches Light cutting and pruning 10 to 12 inches Usually weighing less than 10 pounds, these saws are best suited for limbing, small-log cutting, pruning and occasionally felling small trees 14 to 18 inches Usually weighing between 10 and 15 pounds, these saws are recommended for tree felling, limbing and log cutting 20 or more inches Large saws weighing more than 15 pounds with long bars are best used by professionals for heavy cutting of large wood and in felling operations Lightweight Midweight Heavyweight Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 49 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Five 2. Have a well sharpened chainsaw Preparing for the Task (cont.) Have a well-sharpened chainsaw a. To avoid kickbacks b. To avoid getting the saw stuck c. To reduce operator fatigue 50 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Five Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 3. Ensure the chain has proper tension Preparing for the Task (cont.) Ensure the chain has proper tension a. Release the chain guard and inspect for proper tension of the chain b. To avoid improper settings for the chain, please follow the tensioning procedure specific to your chainsaw as described in the owner’s manual Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 51 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Five Preparing for the Task (cont.) Start the chainsaw Wear a safety harness with the lanyard attached to the boom when working in the bucket Set the brakes and position outriggers on pads on a solid surface. Use wheel chocks on an incline Extend the bucket to the area that you will be cutting 4. Start the chainsaw a. Cold start the chainsaw on the ground using proper starting procedures, allow the chainsaw to warm up and then shut it off. This allows the saw to start easily when in the bucket. b. The ONLY time you may drop-start a chainsaw is when you are in the bucket • This is accomplished by dropping the saw with a firm grip on the handle and pulling the starter cord at the same time 5. Wear a safety harness with a lanyard attached to the D-ring on the boom when working in the bucket a. The harness system shall allow a free fall of 2 feet or less b. Body belts are not permitted 6. Set the brakes and position outriggers on pads on a solid surface; use wheel chocks on an incline 52 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Five Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 7. Extend your bucket to the area where you will be cutting a. Make certain you have the proper reach b. Do not move the bucket truck when the boom is elevated, or while the trimmer is in the bucket c. Do not exceed boom and bucket load limits; check weight restrictions d. Do not over-extend the boom Figure 5-1 e. Never have more than one person in the bucket f. Tying off to an adjacent structure while working in or on a bucket truck is prohibited Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 53 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Five B. Limbing Procedures Limbing Procedures Use proper personal protective equipment (PPE) Have secure footing in the bucket 1. Use proper personal protective equipment (PPE) 2. Have secure footing in the bucket a. Do not work off balance b. Keep the bucket floor clean c. Do not sit or climb on the edge of the bucket or use planks, ladders, or other devices to establish a work position d. Keep your feet in contact with the floor of the bucket at all times 54 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Five Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Limbing Procedures (cont.) Start limbing from the bottom of the tree and work toward the top Make periodic stops to allow for removal of brush buildup on the ground 3. Start limbing from the bottom of the tree and work toward the top • Prevents the limbs from catching while falling to the ground 4. Make periodic stops to allow for removal of brush buildup on the ground • To avoid potential injury from falling objects, swing the boom so that the bucket is not located above the ground crew Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 55 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Five 5. Follow the steps in the diagram below for limbing a tree branch (see Figure 5-2) a. Limbing undercut to avoid splintering (1) b. Limbing cut to avoid pinching (2) • Use a wedge to prevent the saw from pinching c. Stub undercut to avoid pinching (3) d. Final stub cut (4) e. Do not cut past branch bark ridge (5) 6-10’’ 2 Final stub cut 4 Limbing cut to avoid pinching 2-4’’ 1 3 5 Limbing undercut to avoid splintering Stub undercut to avoid splintering Branch bark ridge Figure 5-2 56 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Five Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Limbing Procedures (cont.) To reduce kickback danger, do not limb with the tip of the saw Watch for the “spring” or “jump” of limbs in a bind Use extreme caution when cutting branches under tension 6. To reduce kickback danger, do not limb with the tip of the saw 7. Watch for the "spring” or “jump" of limbs in a bind a. If there are numerous branches in a cluster: i. Be aware of the surrounding branches and their tension • A branch under tension can spring suddenly, causing injury to the operator of the chainsaw ii. Be aware of branches resting against each other • Branches resting against each other may cause the chainsaw to kickback due to the saw bar’s upper quadrant coming in contact with a branch other than the one you are cutting iii. When cutting a branch from the bottom side, be aware of when the branch is under stress a) The branch may pinch the chain and bar, trapping the chainsaw between the two pieces of wood b) If the chainsaw becomes pinched, assess the situation and determine the best means for freeing the saw 1) Rock the blade to loosen it from the wood Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 57 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Five 2) Secure the first saw with a rope or lanyard and use a second saw to cut the first saw free 8. Use extreme caution when cutting branches under tension a. Make several shallow cuts first at the top of bend to release the tension before completely cutting through b. To prevent pinching the chainsaw bar, do not under cut freely hanging limbs c. Start at the bottom and work your way to the top of the tree d. Make a small undercut to allow the limb to bend e. In certain situations you can make a small open notch to cause a limb to fall a certain direction f. If a limb is in a bind, make several small cuts to release the tension 58 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Five Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Limbing Procedures (cont.) Kickback awareness Preventive measures for operating a chainsaw while in a bucket truck Restrictions while tree trimming from a bucket truck 9. Kickback awareness a. Avoid using the nose of the saw b. Keep your saw sharp c. Keep two hands on the saw at all times d. Watch for obstructions 10. Preventive measures for operating a chainsaw while in a bucket truck a. Look at ground personnel before making a cut b. Keep bucket slightly above the limb being cut c. Limbs which cannot be dropped safely should be lowered with a rope (see Appendix G) d. Do not leave cut branches in a tree; drop or lower them safely to the ground Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 59 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Five 11. Restrictions while tree trimming from a bucket truck Figure 5-3 a. No cutting above the head b. No leaning out of the bucket c. Do not use the bucket to help cut or move a limb d. Improper use of the lanyard and PPE 60 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Five Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 C. Job Wrap-Up Job Wrap-Up Upon job completion and before moving the bucket truck for travel, inspect the boom to ensure it is properly cradled and outriggers are in the stowed position Brush clean-up 1. Upon job completion and before moving the bucket truck for travel, inspect the boom to ensure it is properly cradled and outriggers are in the stowed position a. Collect any pads from under the outriggers b. Properly store all ropes, harnesses, lanyards and chainsaws 2. Brush clean-up a. Use a chipper whenever possible b. Avoid leaving brush and cut materials which can cause a ditch obstruction c. Brush clean up is aesthetically pleasing to the motoring public Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 61 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Five D. Maintenance Procedures on Bucket Truck, Chainsaws and Safety Equipment Maintenance Procedures on Bucket Truck, Chainsaws and Safety Equipment Daily Periodic Storage of Equipment 1. Daily a. Clean chainsaw after each use b. Use an air hose to clean any dirt, sawdust or oil buildup c. Inspect saw for loose or broken parts d. Inspect air filters e. Clean the bucket f. Check for any breaks in the frame, boom or bucket g. Check for any broken welds h. Grease and fuel the bucket truck i. Install bucket cover 2. Periodic a. Consult the owner’s manual for items which may need to be replaced on the chainsaw b. Drain and flush the fuel tank on the chainsaw 62 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Five Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 c. Consult your mechanic for service due on the bucket truck d. Consult your bucket truck owner’s manual for periodic maintenance 3. Storage of equipment a. Store equipment properly so in the event of an emergency, there will not be an equipment failure b. Equipment should always be stored indoors E. Causes of Tree Trimming Accidents (see Appendix H) Causes of Tree Trimming Accidents Lack of training Failure to use safety devices Leaning out of bucket Unstable bucket truck Poor job assessment Faulty equipment Chainsaw kickback Improper equipment Exceeding weight limits Electrocution Overhanging limbs 1. Causes of accidents occurring while operating a chainsaw from a bucket truck a. Lack of training b. Failure to use safety devices such as safety harnesses and lanyards, or using them incorrectly Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 63 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Five c. Leaning out of bucket while trimming (see Figure 5-4) Figure 5-4 d. Unstable bucket truck (outriggers, elevation, wheel chocks) e. Poor job assessment (soft shoulder, broken or dead overhead limbs and vines) f. Faulty equipment g. Chainsaw kickback from a dull chain or the utilization of the chainsaw nose h. Not using specified equipment i. Exceeding the weight limits in the bucket j. Electrocution (see Figure 5-5) Figure 5-5 k. Being struck by overhanging limbs 64 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Five Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 65 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Five _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 66 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Six Bucket Truck Chainsaw September2006 Lesson Six: Field Exercises LESSON SIX: Field Exercises Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 67 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Six A. Participant Field Exercises 1. Participants will be working in pairs y Participants will work through the exercises, alternating turns in the bucket and on the ground 2. Complete a pre-trip of the bucket truck 3. Complete a pre-trip of the chainsaw 4. Complete a pre-trip of the harness and lanyard 5. Put on fall protection equipment 6. Start the vehicle and confirm the outriggers are operating properly by running them through a complete set-up and close-down cycle 7. Properly set up the vehicle worksite and prepare the vehicle to be used 8. Participants will then alternate completing the following exercises: a. Cold starting the saw on the ground b. Proper entry and exit of the equipment c. Demonstrating the proper use of fall protection equipment d. Maneuvering the bucket from the ground i. Up/down and into and out of the cradle ii. Swinging the bucket to the left and to the right iii. Maneuvering the bucket forward and backwards iv. Returning the bucket and boom to the cradle within the truck e. Maneuvering of the bucket from within the bucket i. Up/down and into and out of the cradle ii. Swinging the bucket to the left and to the right iii. Maneuvering the bucket forward and backwards iv. Maneuvering the bucket to a stationary position v. Drop-starting chainsaw procedures vi. Shutting down and securing the chainsaw vii. Returning the bucket and boom to the cradle within the truck 68 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Lesson Six Bucket Truck Chainsaw September2006 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Office of Training: Equipment Training Section 69 Bucket Truck Chainsaw September 2006 Lesson Six _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 70 Office of Training: Equipment Training Section Appendix A: OSHA Regulations Appendix B: EM – 78/HE Pre – Trip Inspection Form Appendix C: Aerial Lift Daily Inspection Checklist Appendix D: EM – 44 Operator’s Report Appendix E: Body Harness & Lanyard Inspection Report Appendix F: Tailgate Safety Talk Appendix G: Tying Knots Knot type: Figure 8 on a bite Knot type: Clove Hitch Knot type: Bowline Knot Bowline: Note that the tail of the rope should come out on the inside of the loop; the knot is much weaker if this end finishes on the outside of the loop. The knot must be backed up by tying off the tail as in (c). Knot type: Figure 8 Rewoven: Appendix H: Case Scenarios Here are some reported accidents to OSHA: 1) Summary OSHA Accident Inspection 1099688358 An employee was trimming a tree near an overhead power line. The employee misjudged the distance, cut the branch, and it fell on the line. The employee, who was still holding onto the branch, was electrocuted. Always keep a safe distance from power lines. 2) Summary of OSHA Accident Inspection 126621820 While working in a tree, an employee disconnected one lanyard to move around some limbs. After climbing approximately 60 feet up the tree, he disconnected the second lanyard before reconnecting the first. The employee fell and died of head injuries. Always make sure all safety lines are connected. 3) Summary of OSHA Accident Inspection 123561540 A tree trimmer was cutting a branch when a gust of wind blew the branch into contact with a 35-kilovolt power line. The trimmer, who was touching the branch and tree was electrocuted. Be cautious of sudden wind changes. 4) Summary of OSHA Accident Inspection 120169669 An employee was trimming trees and cutting downed limbs. The tip of his chainsaw struck a limb and kicked back, striking him across the neck. He died due to a severe cut to his throat. Always insert the blade fully to reduce kickback. 5) Summary of OSHA Accident Inspection 101439917 Two employees were in the bucket of an aerial lift and failed to set the outriggers. As the truck began to overturn, the bucket fell. One employee was killed and the other sustained a broken leg. Always set the outriggers to stabilize the truck. 6) Summary of OSHA Accident Inspection 110070489 A tree trimmer was working from the bucket of an aerial lift. He was not using fall protection equipment. When the truck shifted forward, the employee was thrown from the aerial lift and killed. Always use a safety harness or belt and a lanyard when working in an aerial lift. 7) Summary of OSHA Accident Inspection 111961413 An employee was operating an aerial lift when the boom fell from the truck, causing the employee to fall with it. Nine of the bolts which secured the boom to the truck were rusty, indicating old breaks, and had sheared off. The employee suffered head, leg and internal injuries. Always perform a pre-trip inspection. 8) Summary of OSHA Accident Inspection 115595266 A tree trimmer was working from an aerial lift when the unit overturned. The employee had failed to set the front outriggers. He fractured his upper jaw and sustained severe cuts to his head. Always set the outriggers to stabilize the lift. 9) Summary of OSHA Accident Inspection 104389390 An employee was operating an aerial lift when it overturned and pinned him to the ground beneath the bucket. The ground was too soft for operation and the outriggers slid off the pads and into the ground, causing the lift to overturn. Do not proceed if the ground is too soft for operation. 10) OSHA Accident Inspection 119957934 An employee was trimming a pine tree when he fell about thirty feet from an aerial bucket. He sustained a fractured skull, wrist, ribs and ankle. Always wear fall protection equipment when working in an aerial lift device. 11) Summary of OSHA Accident Inspection 123175911 A tree trimmer cut the top off of a pine tree. As it fell, it hit the boom, causing the employee to be catapulted from the bucket. He was not wearing the safety belt that was attached to the bucket. He died of massive bodily injuries. Remember to wear and attach fall protection equipment. 12) Summary of OSHA Accident Inspection 300645199 An employee was stacking limbs that were being cut by a worker in an aerial lift. The lift operator dropped a large limb to the ground. The employee, who was not wearing a hard hat, walked beneath the lift and was struck on the head by the limb and killed. The lift worker was not aware the employee was underneath the bucket. Always know where your coworkers are before lowering anything to the ground.
