The Refurbishment and Upgrading of Football Stadiums in

Residential Building
Sika at Work
No. 34.11 – October 2011
The Refurbishment and Upgrading
of Football Stadiums in Colombia
Innovation & since
Consistency 1 9 1 0
Contents
Centenario Stadium – Armenia
4
Roberto Meléndez “Metropolitano” Stadium- Barranquilla
6
El Campín Stadium - Bogota
8
Pascual Guerrero Stadium - Cali
10
Jaime Morón Stadium – Cartagena
12
Palogrande Stadium - Manizales
14
Atanasio Girardot Stadium – Medellin
16
Hernán Ramírez Villegas Stadium – Pereira
18
Introduction
In May 2008 Colombia was selected by FIFA as the host country for the
2011 Under-20’s Football World Cup Finals. This is the second most
important event of the FIFA footballing world, involving teams from
twenty-four countries every two years. Colombia had proposed eight
existing football stadiums which were to be refurbished and upgraded
in time for the championship events.
FIFA Quality Standards demanded extensive work to prepare the selected venues to be World Cup stadiums. The upgrading works overall
included: structural strengthening, additional improvements for spectator safety and security, the installation of new seating and giant video
screens, the refurbishment of changing rooms, toilets, the TV, radio and
press rooms, plus the installation of additional lighting towers.
This brochure illustrates some of the refurbishment and improvement
works that were carried out on these stadiums in preparation for this
important event.
3
The Centenario Stadium - Armenia
Project Participants
Project Description
Owner:
Mayor’s Office of Armenia
Contractor:Sygma
Year:
1999 and 2011
The Centenario Stadium is the main sports auditorium for the city of
Armenia. It was originally built in 1988 and has previously been used in
several international tournaments including the Copa America 2001, the
Bolivarian Games of 2005 and the South American Under-20s Football
Championship of 2005.
Requirements
The stadium stands had to be modified to accommodate the installation of new and additional seating, plus there were improvements and
upgrading works carried out to the press rooms, the changing rooms
and the toilets.
Sika Solutions
The stadium had been reinforced in 1999 following the earthquake
that occurred in the nearby coffee-growing region. The structure was
strengthened with additional reinforced concrete panels on piles driven
in the foundations, together with externally bonded reinforcement using
carbon fibre plates as structural strengthening to increase the loading
capacity of the main beams supporting the stands.
The strengthening of the main beams of the stadium was achieved using
Sika® CarboDur® S1012 carbon fibre plates as externally bonded
reinforcement.
Product
Quantity
SikaColor F
1,400 kg
®
Sikadur® AnchorFix-4
150 kg
Sika CarboDur S1012 Plates
50 m
Sikadur®-30
50 kg
SikaGrout -212
150 kg
®
®
®
Throughout the construction works, SikaGrout® -212 expanding
cementitious grout was used for sealing around the steel reinforcement
holding the new concrete panels in the stands. The epoxy resin based
Sikadur® AnchorFix-4 adhesive system was used for structurally
anchoring the additional fixings into the existing concrete structure. The
internal surfaces of the stands were also enhanced by the application of
SikaColor® F; an acrylic based waterproofing and anti-carbonation
coating.
5
Roberto Meléndez “Metropolitano” Stadium Barranquilla
Project Participants
Project Description
Owner:
City of Barranquilla
Contractor: Unión Temporal Metropolitano
Year:2011
The Metropolitano Stadium was inaugurated in 1986 and it has been
one of the most important stadiums in Colombia ever since. It hosted
Colombia’s Group games in the Qualifying rounds of the FIFA World
Cup’s for Italy in 1990, the United States in 1994, for France in 1998
and for the German Finals in 2006.
In 2011 the Metropolitano Stadium was the second venue for the
Under-20s World Cup Finals and the Opening Ceremony was held here.
Requirements
The structure of the Metropolitano Stadium was originally built in reinforced concrete with no protective treatment to ward off environmental attack, meaning it has subsequently suffered corrosion of the
steel reinforcement. The structure showed numerous signs of distress
and cracks were evident in all of the cantilevered support beams that
constitute the main structure of the stadium. These were potentially
compromising durability, as they allowed the ingress of water and other
aggressive elements directly to the embedded steel reinforcement.
Additionally, the structure required structurally upgrading to meet
the requirements of the latest Colombian Earthquake Resistance
Regulations.
The rest of the upgrading included the installation of new seating and a
giant screen, together with the complete refurbishment of the changing
rooms and toilets, plus improvements to the press facilities.
Sika Solutions
The most important structural upgrading requirements of the
Metropolitano stadium were in the main supporting beams and columns of the structure. The 56 external ‘elbows’ of the cantilevered
beams were structurally strengthened by reinforcing them with the
SikaWrap® 103C carbon fibre fabric based system, in order that
they could absorb the forces that could potentially be transmitted to this
part of the structure. The existing roof beams that were to support the
giant video screens, were structurally strengthened by reinforcing them
with the externally bonded Sika® CarboDur® S1012 carbon fibre
plate system.
Additional concrete refurbishment works to the structure included the
removal of damaged concrete and application of a complete Sika concrete and repair system. This included: thorough cleaning of any exposed steel reinforcement bars and application of a corrosion inhibitor
(SikaTop®-Armatec® 108), sealing and injection of cracks with
a low viscosity epoxy resin (Sikadur ® -35 HI Mod LV), then
replacement of the concrete to its original profile with repair mortars
(SikaTop®-122 and SikaRepair® 224).
Product
Quantity
SikaWrap® 103C Fabric
470 m²
Sikadur®-301
520 kg
Sikadur -35 HI Mod LV
700 kg
Sikadur® Panel Adhesive
500 kg
Sika CarboDur S1012 Plates
50 m
®
®
®
7
El Campín Stadium - Bogota
Project Participants
Project Description
Owner:I.D.R.D.
Contractor: Consorcio BOL
Year:
2009 and 2010
The El Campín Stadium has been the most important sporting location
in the Colombian capital of Bogota since its inauguration on 10 August
1938.
This stadium has hosted many important national and international
events including the Bolivarian Games of 1938, the South American
Championships of 1964, the Pre-Olympic Championships of 1968,
1971 and 1980, the Copa America in 2001 and the Colombian National
Games of 2004.
Requirements
The upgrading and refurbishment works required included the installation of new and additional seating, the refurbishment of the changing
rooms, press facilities, VIP rooms and sick bays, plus general upgrading
of the access and circulatory routes for the public, and of other areas
for different commercial uses.
Sika Solutions
In 2009 the refurbishment of the El Campín Stadium got underway in
preparation for the Under-20’s World Cup Finals in 2011.
The spectator stands were improved by applying protective coatings to the horizontal terrace areas and stair treads using polyurethane resin based Sikafloor®-400N Elastic after priming with
Sikafloor®-156 CO epoxy primer.
The vertical stair risers were also given a protective coating using
Sikafloor®-363 CO polyurethane resin based coating.
The reinforced concrete facades of the stadium were enhanced and protected with SikaColor® C acrylic resin based anti-carbonation coating.
Product
Quantity
®
Sikafloor -400N Elastic
6,000 kg
(4.000 m²)
Sikafloor®-363 CO
2,000 kg
(1.000 m²)
SikaColor® C
7,000 kg
(9.000 m²)
Sikafloor®-156 CO Primer
1,000 kg
9
Pascual Guerrero Stadium - Cali
Project Participants
Requirements
Owner:
City of Cali
Contractor: Consorcio Reforzamiento IM
Year:2011
In 2009 complete refurbishment was planned ahead of the World Cup,
including structural strengthening, remodelling of changing rooms,
press facilities, broadcasting cabins, public evacuation zones, the installation of new seating throughout the stadium and the addition of a
new giant screen.
The structure of the Pascual Guerrero Stadium is fair-faced reinforced
concrete with no protective coating to prevent environmental attack
and the subsequent process of corrosion on the steel reinforcement.
The structure was already showing clear signs of deterioration on many
of its structural elements.
Additionally, the structure required strengthening to meet the requirements of the latest Colombian Earthquake Resistance Regulations.
Project Description
This stadium has been the centre of sporting culture in Cali and the
Cauca Valley since its inauguration in 1937. This has been the site of
events as important as the VI Pan-American games in 1971, the Pacific
games of 1995, the Colombian National games of 1954 and 2008, the
2001 Copa America, and the finals of the Copa Libertadores between
Deportivo Cali and America de Cali. The Pascual Guerrero Stadium, and
the sporting complex that has developed around it, has been one of
the most comprehensive sporting complexes in Latin America since the
1950’s.
Although it has been partially refurbished on several occasions for the
different sporting events mentioned above, major structural improvements and upgrading was still needed for the 2011 FIFA Under-20’s
World Cup.
Sika Solutions
The Cali Stadium has experienced significant structural development. All
of the stands were totally remodelled. The initial structural repairs started
with the removal of damaged concrete in structural elements, followed
by: treatment of any exposed steel reinforcement and application of a
corrosion inhibiting protective coating (SikaTop®-Armatec 108);
injection and re-bonding of the structural cracks with low viscosity epoxy
resin (Sikadur®-35 Hi Mod LV); repair and replacement of damaged concrete on the structural elements such as beams and columns
with repair mortars (SikaTop®-122 and SikaRepair® 224).
The columns were then strengthened by increasing their dimensions
with additional reinforced concrete; the new steel reinforcement was
bonded into the structure and new metal truss beams were added to
support the stands. The foundations were strengthened with additional
piles (14m long, 40-60 cm in diameter) and pile caps, plus new retaining walls were built to form new car parking decks. An epoxy resin
based adhesive (Sikadur ®-32 Primer) was used to bond the
new concrete to the existing concrete. The super-plasticizing admixture
(Sika Viscocrete® 2100) was used to make self-compacting concrete and cementitious grout (SikaGrout®-212) was used to connect
the metal casings.
The terraces were protected by priming with Sikafloor®-156 CO
and then coating the whole area with polyurethane resin based
Sikafloor®-400N Elastic, to seal the top surfaces and resist the
anticipated heavy traffic.
Product
Quantity
Sikalastic -450
4,270 kg
SikaTop®-122 Mortar
150,000 kg
SikaTop®-121 Mortar
13,000 kg
SikaRepair®-224
1,500 kg
Sikalisto Piso Mortar
51,300 kg
®
®
Sikalisto Resane
51,000 kg
Sikadur®-32 Primer
3,700 kg
SikaGrout®-212
25,600 kg
SikaTop®-Armatec 108
2,500 kg
SikaLatex
1,385 kg
®
Sika ViscoCrete 2100
300 kg
Sika® Self-Priming Epoxy HS FZ
Grey
1,590 gallons
®
Sika® Urethane Enamel White
600 gallons
Sikadur® Epoxy solvent
660 gallons
Sika® Urethane solvent
165 gallons
Sikafloor -400N Elastic
6,500 kg
Sikafloor®-156 CO Primer
1,500 kg
®
11
Jaime Morón Stadium - Cartagena
Project Participants
Project Description
Owner:
City of Cartagena
Main Contractor:
Consorcio Jaime Morón 2010
Specialist Contractor:
RA Construsoluciones
Year:2011
The Jaime Morón Stadium was inaugurated in 1958 under its original
name of the Pedro de Heredia Stadium. Some years later it was abandoned for a period until it was brought back into use as the home of
the Real Cartagena football team in the Colombian League. In 2006 it
hosted the XX Central American and Caribbean Games and was renamed for the games in honour of the famous Cartagena footballer in
2007, after he had sadly passed away in 2005.
Requirements
The main structural elements needed strengthening to comply with the
latest earthquake resistance regulations in Colombia. The overall upgrading and refurbishment works included the installation of new seating, a giant screen, and restoration of the changing rooms, bathrooms,
TV and radio cabins, VIP rooms and press facilities. The pitch was also
replanted and new lighting towers were installed.
Sika Solutions
Structural elements such as beams and columns were repaired using
SikaTop®-122 repair mortar and structural cracks were sealed and
re-bonded by injecting them with Sikadur®-35 Hi Mod LV low
viscosity epoxy resin.
The main support columns of the stadium were then reinforced with the
SikaWrap 300C carbon fibre fabric strengthening system, to provide
the additional seismic resistance and comply with the new standards.
Beams in the roof and the main stand were also strengthened by using the Sika® CarboDur® S512 and S1012 carbon fibre plate
system.
Additional sealing and protection of the terraces was achieved with the
Sikafloor®-400N Elastic system and the floors in the VIP section
were protected with the decorative Sikafloor® Deco Flake system. The exposed concrete surfaces of the facades around the structure
were treated with SikaColor® C acrylic resin based anti-carbonation
coating.
Water penetration into the roof of the main stand was prevented by waterproofing with Sikaplan® 12 G CO, UV light resistant PVC sheet
membrane roofing system.
The drinking water storage tanks were also made watertight and protected by lining them with the Sikaplan® 12 NTR PVC sheet membrane
waterproofing system, which is approved for contact with drinking water.
Product
Quantity
Sikafloor®-400N Elastic
2,600 m²
Sikaplan® 12G Membrane
2,500 m²
SikaTop®-121 Mortar
1,800 kg
SikaColor® F
3,450 kg
SikaTop -122 Repair Mortar
2,160 kg
Sikadur®-35 Hi Mod LV
75 kg
SikaTop -Armatec 110 EpoCem
500 kg
Sika® CarboDur® S1012 Plates
450 m
Sika CarboDur S512 Plates
300 m
Sikadur®-30
600 kg
SikaWrap® 300C
1,740 m²
Sikadur®-301
700 kg
Sikafloor® Deco Flake System
625 m²
Sikaplan 12 NTR Membrane
300 m²
®
®
®
®
®
13
Palogrande Stadium - Manizales
Project Participants
Project Description
Owner:
Municipality of Manizales
Contractors:
Consorcio UTEC
Engineer:
Germán Salazar
Year:2011
Inaugurated in 1994, this is one of the newest stadiums in Colombia. It
has already hosted many important sporting events including the 2001
Copa America, the South American Under-20’s Football Championship
and the Copa Libertadores.
It will provide one of the most complete sporting facilities for the FIFA
2011 Under-20’s World Cup Finals.
Requirements
The upgrading and refurbishment of the Palogrande Stadium for the
World Cup events included modifications to the terraces to allow the
installation of new seating as well as general refurbishment and improvements to the press facilities, changing rooms and toilets.
Sika Solutions
The majority of the work that was required during the Palogrande
Stadium refurbishment was carried out on the spectator terraces and
stands to install the new seating. Some of the existing access stairways
also had to be demolished to make room for the new additional seating
areas. A waterproof Sikalisto® Piso levelling mortar screed primed
with a SikaLatex bonding slurry, was used to level the concrete surfaces all around the stadium to allow installation of the new seating.
Product
Quantity
Sikalisto Piso Mortar
90,000 kg
SikaLatex
1,000 kg
SikaTop® Repair Mortar-122
20,385 kg
®
15
Atanasio Girardot Stadium - Medellin
Project Participants
Project Description
Owner:
Atanasio Girardot Stadium - Medellin
Contractors:
CLAM Ingenieros
Year:2006
The Atanasio Girardot Stadium is the main sporting auditorium for
the Metropolitan area of Medellin and it was originally completed and
opened in 1953. Since this time it has been one of the leading sporting
locations in the country.
The stadium hosted the IX South American Games at Medellin in 2010
and many other events including the 2001 Copa America, the Copa
Libertadores and the qualifying matches for the South African World
Cup Finals in 2010.
Requirements
As major upgrading and refurbishment work had already been carried
out in 2006, additional improvements for 2011 were only required to
the changing rooms, the radio and television broadcasting facilities and
the toilets. There was also some new additional seating to be installed
in the stands.
Sika Solutions
In 2006, one hundred steel trusses were installed as additional reinforcement around the perimeter and inside the stadium, to prevent lateral displacement of the structure during an earthquake. Additional foundation
beams were also added on the inside of the structure, plus an additional
thickness of reinforced concrete was added around many of the columns.
Finally the terraces in the North and South were protected with waterproof, abrasion resistant coatings to accommodate the heavy pedestrian
traffic.
SikaGrout ®-212 grout was used to install the steel truss reinforcement around the perimeter. These were then treated with a protective coating system consisting of Sika ® Epoxy Zinc Phosphate
Primer and Sika ® Urethane Enamel 1003 in a bright
yellow colour shade. The terrace protection was provided using
Sikafloor ®-400N Elastic polyurethane system, primed with
Sikafloor®-156 CO. SikaColor® C was used as a decorative
protective coating on the exposed reinforced concrete columns and façade.
Product
Quantity
Sika® Epoxy ZnPO4 Primer
3,000 kg
Sika Urethane Enamel
2,000 kg
SikaGrout®-212
1,000 kg
Sikafloor®-156 CO
1,500 kg
Sikafloor®-400N Elastic
8,000 kg
SikaColor® C
1,500 kg
®
17
Hernán Ramírez Villegas Stadium - Pereira
Project Participants
Project Description
Owner:
Municipality of Pereira
Building Consortium:
B y V Estructuras Metálicas
Engineers:Oscar Bulla, Angel Oswaldo Zapata
and Juan Carlos de los Ríos
Consultants and Designers:Unión Temporal Estadio Hernán
Ramírez Villegas 2011
Architect:
Juan Carlos Rodríguez I.
Structural Steelwork Engineer: Fernando Escalante
Specialist Contractor (installation of Sikaplan and Sarnafil membranes):Construcciones y aplicaciones
Técnicas Ltda.
Contécnica Ltda. - Engineer:
Francisco Javier Villada
Year:2010/11
The Hernán Ramírez Villegas Stadium is the main sporting venue in
the City of Pereira. It has hosted several Latin American tournaments
including the 2001 Copa America and the South American Under-20’s
Football Championship.
This stadium underwent extensive refurbishment and upgrading for the
2011 FIFA Under-20’s Football World Cup Finals, after which it has become one of the most modern and attractive stadiums in Colombia. It is
now practically a new stadium compared with the previous one.
Requirements
The remodelling of the Hernán Ramírez Villegas Stadium included the
construction of a second floor in the eastern stand, new changing
rooms, press facilities and presidential suite, a new lighting system, the
installation of new seating, a new athletics track, a new pitch and new
roofs, which were added to all of the stands.
Sika Solutions
The steel structure for the new roofs was one of the most important elements in the upgrading of the Hernán Ramírez
Villegas Stadium. Sika Series 11 Alkaline Primer
and Sika Epoxy Primer 50 NT were used as anti-corrosive primers to protect this metal structure and
Sika Series 31 Alkaline Enamel was used to provide a durable light-fast white finish. A lightweight tubular steel space frame was
installed over the structure and the built-up roof was waterproofed with
Sika Sarnafil S327-12L (Blue RAL 5021) and Sikaplan® 12G
PVC sheet membranes covering a total area of 21,000 m2.
SikaTop®-121 repair mortar and Sikalisto® Piso waterproof levelling mortars were used to repair and level the concrete terrace surfaces
and SikaBoom® expanding polyurethane foam was used to fill and
seal joints between the infill brickwork and reinforced concrete structure.
Product
Quantity
Sarnafil S327-12L
Membrane (Blue RAL 5021)
15,700 m2
Sikaplan® 12G Membrane
5,120 m2
SikaTop®-121 Mortar
1,000 kg
Sikalisto® Piso Mortar
500 kg
Sika Series11 Alkaline Primer
4,000 kg
Sika Series31 Alkaline Enamel
6,000 kg
19
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