WINDOW RESEARCH REPORT - Cermak Rhoades Architects

Transcription

WINDOW RESEARCH REPORT:
Windows for Affordable & Supportive Housing
Cermak Rhoades Architects
June, 2007
PREFACE
As part of an office-wide effort to research sustainable building
products and systems, we recently researched several different
window types, materials, and manufacturers.
Our research was focused on gathering information that would
be helpful to us and others who are specifying windows for
multi- and single-family affordable and supportive housing in
Minnesota. The following report includes the results of that
research. It is by no means the ultimate source of information
on windows for all types of buildings, but rather what we
believe to be a good cross section of products typically used in or
appropriate for affordable and supportive housing.
We would like to thank the building owners, property managers
and funders who contributed their insights into windows for
this report and the window manufacturer representatives who
provided samples, technical information and cost data.
We hope this report will provide you with a useful resource for
comparing and selecting windows.
Cermak Rhoades Architects
June, 2007
© Cermak Rhoades Architects, 2007
Unless credited otherwise, all images within this report were taken by CRA staff, are courtesy the
manufacturer, or are licensed under the Creative Commons, a licensing tool that lets authors mark
their creative work with the freedoms they want it to carry.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Window Operation Frame Materials
3
6
Additional Considerations
12
Cermak Rhoades Architects Recommendations
14
Client, Property Manager & Funder Comments
16
Appendix
19
TABLE OF CONTENTS - WINDOW OPERATION
We’ll discuss five of the primary function options for operable
window units: double hung, single hung, slider, casement and
awning (projecting).
Opportunities for daylight and views are about the same for
each type for the same size window unit. We therefore focused
on the following characteristics for comparison: ventilation, air
infiltration, and maintenance/ durability.
Image credit:
© Center for Sustainable Building Research
© University of MInnesota
For the purposes of this discussion, we have not included such
glazing systems as storefront, curtain wall, glass block, or
skylights, since those are more specialized systems and are often
used in different areas and for different purposes than window
units.
Double Hung
Double hung windows have two operable sashes, which slide
vertically and latch at the middle when closed. Because the top
sash is not fixed in place when the window is unlocked, it can
slide down and provide undesired air infiltration.
Maximum ventilation area is approximately one-half the total sash
area. Since both sashes are operable, ventilation can be provided
by opening either or both sashes. Opening the upper sash may be
desirable to provide indirect ventilation in addition to or instead
of the lower sash.
Double hung windows, like all sliding type windows, generally
have higher air leakage rates than hinged types because the sashes
are not pressed together when closed.
Double hung windows have a full screen.
Depending on the window size, material and manufacturer,
double hung windows may have a “tilt” feature which allows the
sashes to be tilted in to clean.
Single Hung
Single hung windows have one operable sash and one fixed
sash. The lower, operable sash slides vertically and latches at the
meeting rail when closed. Because the top sash is fixed in place
even when the window is unlocked, the single hung window has
- WINDOW OPERATION
fewer problems with air infiltration than double hung windows.
Maximum ventilation area is approximately one-half the total
sash area. Ventilation can be provided only by opening the bottom
sash.
Single hung windows, like all sliding type windows, generally
have higher air leakage rates than hinged types because the sashes
are not pressed together when closed.
Single hung windows are the only type that typically have a half
screen rather than full screen, which uses less material.
Depending on the window size, material and manufacturer,
single hung windows may have a “tilt” feature which allows the
operable sash to be tilted in to clean.
Slider
Slider windows have two operable sashes, one next to the other,
which slide horizontally and latch at the middle when closed.
Unlike double and single hung, operation of slider windows is
affected by dirt build up in the sill.
Maximum ventilation area is approximately one-half the total sash
area. Since both sashes are operable, ventilation can be provided
by opening either or both sashes.
Sliders typically have full screens.
Slider windows, like all sliding type windows, generally have
higher air leakage rates than hinged types because the sashes are
not pressed together when closed.
Casement
Casement windows have sashes which hinge from one vertical
side of each sash. Hardware for casement windows is more prone
to failure and maintenance issues than hung or slider windows.
Screens can interfere with hardware in some cases, and hardware
can interfere with window treatments.
Maximum ventilation area is approximately the full sash area.
WINDOW OPERATION - Since casement window sashes typically project out when opened,
the sash can be controlled to catch passing breezes. This can also
be a structural challenge with larger windows or in strong winds,
and an obstruction if located adjacent to an exterior walkway.
Windows left open in the rain expose the interior sash and frame
material to the elements.
Out-swinging casement windows have screens on the inside of
the sash, which makes them more vulnerable to damage from the
inside.
Casement windows, like all hinging type windows, generally have
lower air leakage rates than sliding types because the sashes are
pressed to the frame when closed.
Awning
Awning windows have sashes which hinge from the top edge
of each sash. Hardware for awning windows is more prone to
failure and maintenance issues than hung or slider windows.
Maximum ventilation area is approximately the full sash area.
When open, the sash can become an obstruction if located adjacent
to an exterior walkway.
Awning windows have full screens. Screens are located on the
inside of the sash, which makes them more vulnerable to damage
from the inside.
Awning windows, like all hinging type windows, generally have
lower air leakage rates than sliding types because the sashes are
pressed to the frame when closed.
- WINDOW OPERATION
Summary
Casement and awning windows provide the most ventilation per
window unit area.
Single hung and slider windows generally perform better against
air infiltration than double hung windows over time.
Casement and awning windows provide the best seals against air
infiltration when properly closed.
Casement and awning windows tend to have the greatest
number of hardware problems, which lessens their air infiltration
effectiveness and creates more waste by having to replace parts
more often.
Single hung windows use the least screen material for the same
window size and avoid the “sash drop” problem of double hungs.
Recommendations
Based on our research, as well as conversations with multiple
building owners and property managers, single hung windows
and sliders tend to perform best over time. Since these types
perform similarly, the choice between single hung and sliders
depends more on desired appearance than performance. For the
purposes of simplifying our detailed manufacturer research, we
focused on single hung windows.
Note: Many samples we received were double hung, which can have their top
sash fixed to function as a single hung.
FRAME MATERIAL
Frame and sash materials for operable window units include
wood, aluminum, vinyl, fiberglass and steel. These materials are
used alone or as cladding on other materials for durability and
appearance (such as aluminum cladding on a wood window).
All Wood
Appearance
Many people prefer the appearance of wood over other window
materials.
Conductivity
Wood is the least conductive of the materials typically used for
window construction.
Maintenance and Durability
Very few all-wood windows are used today because of the
maintenance required on the exterior painted surface and
relatively lesser quality of new wood product available today.
Wood windows are prone to moisture problems on the interior in
high-humidity environments.
Renewable/Recycled/Certified Content
Wood is a renewable resource. Many manufacturers use
engineered wood in non-visible parts of assembly. Some window
manufacturers offer FSC-certified wood for windows at a
premium cost.
Manufacturing and Recycling/Disposal
Wood windows require either pre-finished or site-finished paint
and/or stain finish. Pre-finishing can improve on-site IAQ.
Relative cost: Similar to clad wood for same manufacturer
Clad Wood
Appearance
Many people prefer the appearance of wood over other window
materials. Cladding options include aluminum, fiberglass, and
vinyl, and can be available in a wide range of colors.
Conductivity
Wood is the least conductive of the materials typically used for
window construction. Often clad wood windows have a thermal
- FRAME MATERIAL
break between the cladding material and the wood.
Clad wood windows have the advantage over all wood windows
of having a more durable pre-finished exterior. Wood windows
are prone to moisture problems on the interior in high-humidity
environments.
Wood is a renewable resource. Many manufacturers use
engineered wood in non-visible parts of assembly. Some window
manufacturers offer FSC-certified wood for windows at a
premium cost. Aluminum used for cladding may have recycled
content. Wood clad windows often have PVC components in
jamb tracks and some hardware.
Clad wood windows require either pre-finished or site-finished
paint and/or stain finish on interior. Pre-finishing can improve
on-site IAQ.
Relative cost: $300 to $500
Aluminum
Appearance
Aluminum windows come in a wide range of colors and profiles,
though profiles that recall traditional wood windows come at a
premium charge.
Conductivity
Aluminum is more conductive than wood, fiberglass or PVC.
Aluminum windows typically have a thermal break between the
exterior and interior.
Aluminum windows can be specified with a range of coatings for
a pre-finished color, including very durable Kynar or anodized
finishes. Aluminum windows do not deteriorate in high-humidity
environments.
Aluminum may have recycled content, depending on the
manufacturer.
FRAME MATERIAL - Manufacturing and Recycling/Disposal
Aluminum windows are pre-finished, eliminating the need for
on-site finishing. Aluminum window manufacturing uses nonrenewable resources, requires high energy use and produces toxic
by products. Aluminum from windows is recyclable; anodized
finishes are more recyclable than others. Thermal break in frames
are often made of petrochemical-based resins such as epoxy or
vinyl.
Relative cost: $300-$650
Vinyl (PVC)
Appearance
Vinyl windows generally come in a very limited range of colors
(white and tan), due to color fading over time. Even white can
discolor over time.
Conductivity
Vinyl is more conductive than wood, less than aluminum or steel.
Vinyl windows are often sold as “no maintenance”. However,
they have several thin integral parts that can be more easily
broken than other window materials. Vinyl windows often
require reinforcement for durability, and can pull apart at welds
due to vinyl’s high coefficient of expansion. Vinyl windows do
not deteriorate in high-humidity environments.
Vinyl windows typically have little or no recycled content because
of the instability of recycled vinyl product.
Vinyl window manufacturing uses non-renewable petroleum
resources, refining of which is a source of greenhouses gases, acid
rain and toxins. There may be health risk to workers due to use
of chlorine in the manufacturing process (PVC contains up to 40%
chlorine). Vinyl windows release poisonous gasses when burned,
which can be dangerous to building occupants in case of a fire.
Relative cost: $100-200
- FRAME MATERIAL
Fiberglass
Appearance
Fiberglass windows generally come in limited range of colors but
can have baked-on exterior coating and can be repainted.
Conductivity
Fiberglass windows have a hollow profile that is usually insulated
with fiberglass or polyurethane, making these windows generally
the least conductive type.
Fiberglass windows contain a composite of polyester resin and
glass fibers, which has a coefficient of expansion similar to glass
(some fiberglass windows have up to 60% glass content), putting
less stress on the edges of the glazing seal. Fiberglass is 9x
stronger than vinyl. Fiberglass windows do not deteriorate in
high-humidity environments.
Glass fiber may be from recycled material (varies by
manufacturer).
Fiberglass window manufacturing creates air pollution emissions.
Fiberglass windows have lower toxic emissions than vinyl.
Relative cost: $200+ (closer to wood clad than vinyl)
Composite
Appearance
Composite windows generally come in a limited range of colors,
but may have wood interior.
Conductivity
Composite windows are made of a combination of waste wood
product and vinyl. They have thermal properties similar to wood.
Composite windows claim to have advantages of both wood
and vinyl. They have advantages over wood of rot and decay
resistance.
FRAME MATERIAL - Renewable/Recycled/Certified Content
Wood and vinyl content of composite windows typically has at
least some post-industrial waste.
Composite windows have less PVC content than all-vinyl
windows, but share the same trade-offs, including possibility of
off-gassing due to vinyl content.
Relative cost: ?
Steel
Appearance
Steel windows come in a wide range of profiles. They require a
paint finish, which comes in wide range of colors.
Conductivity
Steel is highly conductive.
Steel windows are very durable, but are also very heavy. Window
frames and sashes can be thinner than other materials because
of the strength of steel. They can be low maintenance if coated/
anodized during manufacturing. If not coated, steel windows
require regular painting to prevent corrosion.
Steel windows typically have recycled content (amount varies).
Steel window manufacturing has high energy use and creates
toxic by-products. Steel windows are recyclable, but some
coatings can inhibit recycling ability.
Relative cost: 2x cost of aluminum
10 - FRAME MATERIAL
Summary
Wood windows are a renewable resource and have a warm
appearance preferred by many people. However, they are prone
to moisture issues.
Aluminum and steel windows can be extremely durable, and
aluminum in particular is resistant to moisture issues. Both
materials are highly conductive, though this can be mitigated with
thermal breaks.
Vinyl windows are the least expensive option, and on paper can
be highly energy efficient. However, vinyl has a high coefficient of
expansion and the frame can pull apart or crack over time. Vinyl
has an extremely toxic manufacturing process and is hazardous
when burned.
Fiberglass windows have advantages over aluminum and steel in
conductivity, better moisture resistance than wood, and greater
stability/less toxicity concerns than PVC. However, they may not
be as appealing in appearance as wood.
Recommendations
Consider high quality wood clad windows in low-rise residential
settings where high humidity is not a concern.
Where high humidity is a concern, high quality fiberglass
windows may be a good alternative.
Image credits:
Consider high quality aluminum windows in larger multi-family
buildings and where very high durability is required.
FRAME MATERIAL - 11
ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
Glass & Coating
Depending on the window, glass may be available as single glazed
(one piece of glass), double glazed (including multiple thicknesses
of glass and air space), and triple glazed. Coatings and gas-filled
air space available.
Single glazed
These units are easy to repair and lightweight, though they need
resident awareness and/or “come-along” hardware to maintain
energy efficiency with single-glazed four-track systems.
Double glazed and triple glazed
These units have an integral air space which aids in energy
efficiency. Insulated glass units need to be special ordered for
replacement. Triple glazed units and large double glazed units can
get heavy.
Low-emittance
Low-E coatings are virtually invisible, metal or metallic oxide
layers on glass used primarily to reduce the U-factor by
suppressing radiative heat flow. Different types of Low-E coatings
allow for high solar gain, moderate solar gain, or low solar gain,
depending on the desired heat gain and window orientation.
Gas-filled
In an insulated glass unit, convective air currents bring heat to
the top of the unit and cool air settles to the bottom. To reduce
the currents in the glass space, some units are filled with a less
conductive or slow-moving gas which reduces the transfer of heat
between interior and exterior. Argon and Krypton gas are two
options.
Safety/ Security Screens
Screens have typically been included on windows to keep
insects out. Because of the delicacy of typical screen fabric and
low strength of screen frames and clips, they often become a
maintenance issue.
Image credits:
12 - ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
Recently, there have been several incidents of children falling
out of open windows in the metro area. This has raised
awareness of the need, at least on some buildings, to install
screens that are more durable. Legislation has been introduced
in Minnesota (“Laela’s Law”) which, if passed, would mandate
the use of stronger, security-type window screens for some new
developments.
Wood, vinyl and fiberglass windows do not typically have
security screen options. Lansing Housing Products makes custom
security screens that can be applied to a variety of window types.
Estimated additional cost per window of the security/safety
screen is $60-100. Some aluminum window manufacturers have
security screens as options for their windows, including St. Cloud,
Wausau, and Graham.
Renovation Issues
When renovating an existing building, window replacement
is often a part of the contemplated scope of work. In terms of
sustainability, replacing old windows can improve the energy
efficiency of the envelope but also creates more construction
waste. Following are some considerations:
Older, single glazed windows (unless four-track type) are not
energy efficient. If the sashes are deep enough, however, it may
be possible to retrofit them with insulated glass. This eliminates
the waste involved in replacing the frames and sashes.
If the windows are painted and 1970’s era or older, they probably
contain lead paint and possibly asbestos caulking. Window
abatement can be very costly for operable windows because the
hazardous material must be removed from all friction surfaces to
comply with HUD regulations.
Just the sashes can be replaced in older wood windows with
replacement window inserts, but these can have maintenance and
operation issues over the long term.
If the building has historic designation, window replacement
may not be allowed in some cases. Adding high quality storm
windows (such as Mon-Ray) would be one way of protecting the
historic windows from future deterioration.
ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS - 13
CERMAK RHOADES ARCHITECTS
WINDOW RECOMMENDATIONS
Following are recommended manufacturers of double and/or
single hung windows. We considered these superior to the other
models reviewed in each category when considering all factors,
including performance, construction, operation, and appearance.
Please see the appendix for detailed information.
Clad Wood
Eagle Window – Highly Recommended
Marvin Clad Ultimate – Highly Recommended
Loewen Window – Recommended
Kolbe Window – Recommended
Some features of note
Eagle has the most standard color options of the clad wood
windows we reviewed. Eagle and Marvin have easy to use,
intuitive hardware. Eagle, Marvin and Loewen all offer FCS
certified wood components. Loewen uses Douglas Fir instead of
Pine for wood components.
Recommended applications
Low-rise residential where interior humidity is not a concern.
Aluminum
St. Cloud Window – Highly Recommended
Wausau Window – Highly Recommended
Graham 2075 – Recommended
Traco 9100 – Recommended
St. Cloud Window has a four-track, single glazed system. St.
Cloud also is very well constructed – best overall appearance
in terms of machining and assembly of components. Wausau
Window also has a substantial frame and sash system and nice
clean exterior appearance. Graham and Traco windows are
good second tier choices with accessories to improve exterior
appearance.
Larger multi-family and high rise buildings and where very high
durability is desired.
14 - CRA WINDOW RECOMMENDATIONS
Vinyl
Solaris Star Series – Recommended
Thermal Line 1090 – Recommended, with reservations
Solaris has the best performance rating of the vinyl windows
we reviewed. Solaris includes profiles on the frame and sash
extrusions that mimic older wood windows, which makes them
more attractive than other vinyl types, and also offers a broad
range of exterior and interior colors. Thermal Line 1090 offers the
best U-value of the vinyl windows we reviewed, and an unusual
cellular PVC construction that provides a very thick frame and
sash extrusion. Since Thermal Line has just introduced the cellular
PVC construction, we do not know how well it will perform over
time.
We do not generally recommend the use of vinyl windows for
reasons of performance (vinyl windows in general have the
lowest overall performance rating of all types), durability, and
sustainability. However, we recognize that with very tight budgets
vinyl windows may be selected over other options for low-rise
residential applications.
Fiberglass
Accurate Dorwin - Recommended
Lowest (best) U-value of all windows we reviewed (all types).
Higher overall performance rating than all vinyl windows and
most wood windows. Has triple glazing option. Tilt tabs and
sash lift and lock appear to be able to be easily replaced if broken.
Exterior appearance very utilitarian, but can be easily painted
(unlike vinyl).
May be an alternative to clad wood in high humidity
environments.
Note: We did not find enough examples of composite windows to compare
features and provide a specific recommendation. Because of the cost of steel
windows and limited applicability to affordable housing, we did not review
specific samples.
CRA WINDOW RECOMMENDATIONS - 15
CLIENT, PROPERTY MANAGER &
FUNDER COMMENTS
MHFA
MHFA staff architects substantially agree on the following points: Prefer vertical sliding (single-hung) windows or horizontal
sliding windows. Vertical sliding (double-hung) windows tend to
waste more energy because upper sash often unknowingly slides
down. Only recommend casement windows if needed for egress
purposes; shorter life expectancy due to hardware failures. Good
quality aluminum windows with thermal construction tend to
offer better structural integrity but tend to be more expensive and
less energy efficient than their wood or vinyl counterpart. Have
observed durability issues associated with wood windows in high
humidity environments. Recommend vinyl windows for cost;
newer vinyl (PVC) extrusions tend to perform better than older
vinyl extrusions. Interested in fiberglass windows for insulation
and structural characteristics. Recommend childproof screens for
all operable windows located above ground floor.
Gina Ciganik, CCHT
Prefers single hung or double hung with top sash pinned in place.
Likes the St. Cloud hung 4-track (single glazed) system installed
with the “come-along” accessory to make sure both sashes are
closed.
Tim Pilgrim, MPHA
Casement windows seal the best of all types, but have operating
issues with hardware. Sliders are easiest for residents to
understand how to operate. MPHA has gotten away from using
single hung in single family applications because of difficulty of
cleaning compared to double hung. Single hung windows also
tend to have narrower frame, which can make it more difficult
to finish out the jamb in renovations. Have been using vinyl
windows in single family replacement for 1 ½ years; recommends
considering thickness of material, composition of resin, and look
for welded joints when selecting vinyl windows.
Jerry Welf, MPHA
All MPHA high rise buildings have commercial grade aluminum
sliders except one. Would consider hung windows on low rise
buildings, but probably not casement due to maintenance issues.
Insulated glass in aluminum windows creates weight issue in
senior housing. Much easier to operate and clean 4-track (single
16 - CLIENT, PROPERTY MANAGER & FUNDER COMMENTS
glazed) windows. Need adequate thermal break in frame if using
aluminum window. Condensation due to humidity, boiling water,
etc can collect on aluminum windows, but doesn’t damage the
window materials. Have used Graham, Traco 9000 series and
EFCO aluminum. Likes Wausau too, but more expensive.
Tim Braun, St. Paul PHA
Most of the windows in St. Paul PHA’s high rise buildings are
the original Devac & Spanjers aluminum windows. In rowhouse
buildings, many of the original aluminum sliding windows have
been replaced with St. Cloud sliding aluminum windows. In
scattered site single family properties, where windows have been
replaced recently they have been replaced with mostly vinyl
windows as a cost saving measure. In properties where they have
wood windows, St. Paul PHA has had moisture problems with the
windows in high humidity environments. They have had good
service from Thermaline and Allside vinyl windows.
BDC Management
Prefers single to double hung because top sash slides down
without tenant realizing it. The simpler the hardware and
operation of windows, the better. Prefer sliders to casement
because casement hardware fails often. Prefer aluminum
windows. Have had problems with wood windows swelling and
other moisture issues.
Doug Laudenbach, Catholic Charities
Prefer sliders over other operable windows because of ease of
operation and maintenance. Order of preference for window
materials: (1) clad wood because of ease of exterior maintenance
and warmth of wood on interior, (2) aluminum because of
durability, (3) vinyl not recommended because least durable and
becomes stained and brittle over time.
Steve Plotz, Property Solutions & Services
Excellent results with single hung if has true fixed top sash
and not a “sash pack” replacement type. Benefits include great
durability and little maintenance. Sliders work well when installed
correctly. Little maintenance required and easy to tell if sash
is locked. Double hung require more maintenance than single
hung, but can be durable depending on installation and material.
CLIENT, PROPERTY MANAGER & FUNDER COMMENTS - 17
Have had problems with hardware not holding up on casement
windows, and windows being left open. Of window materials,
prefers aluminum and wood over vinyl. Aluminum has extremely
long life expectancy, requires little maintenance, and can easily
change out hardware and window components. Wood windows
can have an extremely long life expectancy, but require more
capital costs to maintain than aluminum. Vinyl windows tend to
fade over time, jamb liners become brittle and crack or break, and
hardware attachment points fail over time. Preferred window
overall is single hung aluminum, followed by single hung wood
frame and sash.
18 - CLIENT, PROPERTY MANAGER & FUNDER COMMENTS
APPENDIX
W01 - Anderson 400 W02 - Eagle - Talon W03 - Jeld-Wen - Builder
W04 - Jeld-Wen - Custom Collection (DH) W05 - Jeld-Wen - Premium
W06 - Jeld-Wen - Traditions Plus
W07 - Kolbe - Ultra Series
W08 - Loewen - Single Hung
W09 - Marvin - Clad Ultimate
W10 - Pella - Designer
W11 - Pella - Architect
W12 - Pella - Proline
W13 - Weathershield - WS
W14 - Weathershield - Proshield
W15 - Semco - Double Hung
W16 - Marvin - Integrity (Fiberglass Clad Wood)
A01 - Graham - 2075
A02 - Kawneer - 8400
A03 - Peerless - 9130
A04 - St. Cloud - SCW #920
A05 - Traco - 9100
A06 - Gerkin - Rhino A07 - Wausau Windows - 310i
A08 - DeVac P01 - Gerkin - 610045
P02 - Pella - Thermastar
P03 - Thermal Line - 1090 (DH)
P04 - Thermal Line - series II, 4000
P05 - Thermo Tech - 7100
P06 - Vinylite - Diplomat
P07 - Vinylite - 400 Series
P08 - Solaris - Star Series
F01 - Accorate Dorwin
F02 - Marvin - Integrity (all Ultrex)
F03 - Pella - Impervia
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
60
72
74
76
78
70
82
84
86
88
The list above includes all of the specific window samples we reviewed as part of our research. It
is intended to represent a cross section of available windows in each material category. The letter
and number preceeding the manufacturer name above were assigned as a means of organizing data
within this report. The letter indicates the window material: Wood Clad, Aluminum, PVC (vinyl),
or Fiberglass. Within each material category, the window sample was assigned a sequential number
to identify the different samples. The window order within each material category does not reflect
preferences. Please see “Recommendations” section for preferred windows.
FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, SEE THE ATTACHED SPREADSHEET.
APPENDIX - 19
W01 - Anderson 400
20 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 21
W02 - Eagle - Talon
22 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 23
W03 - Jeld-Wen - Builder
24 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 25
W04 - Jeld-Wen - Custom Collection (DH)
26
Photos
Sections
27
W05 - Jeld-Wen - Premium
28 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 29
W06 - Jeld-Wen - Traditions Plus
30 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 31
W07 - Kolbe - Ultra Series
32 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 33
W08 - Loewen - Single Hung
34 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 35
W09 - Marvin - Clad Ultimate
36 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 37
W10 - Pella - Designer
38 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 39
W11 - Pella - Architect
40 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 41
W12 - Pella - Proline
42 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 43
W13 - Weathershield - WS
44 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 45
W14* - Weathershield - Proshield
*vinyl clad wood
46 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 47
W15 - Semco - Double Hung
No photos available.
48 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 49
W16 - Marvin - Integrity (Fiberglass Clad Wood)
50 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 51
A01 - Graham - 2075
52 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 53
A02 - Kawneer - 8400
54 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 55
A03 - Peerless - 9130
56 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 57
A04 - St. Cloud - SCW #920
58 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 59
A05 - Traco - 9100
60 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 61
A06 - Gerkin - Rhino
62 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 63
A07 - Wausau Windows - 310i
64 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 65
A08 - DeVAC
No photos available.
66 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 67
P01 - Gerkin - 6100
68 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 69
P02 - Pella - Thermastar
70 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 71
P03 - Thermal Line - 1090 (DH)
72 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 73
P04 - Thermal Line - series II, 4000
74 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
No sections available.
APPENDIX - 75
P05 - Thermo Tech - 7100
76 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 77
P06 - Vinylite - Diplomat
78 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 79
P07 - Vinylite - 400 Series
80 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 81
P08 - Solaris - Star Series
82 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 83
F01 - Accorate Dorwin
84 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 85
F02 - Marvin - Integrity (All Ultrex)
86 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 87
F03 - Pella - Impervia
88 - APPENDIX
Photos
Sections
APPENDIX - 89
PREPARED BY CERMAK RHOADES ARCHITECTS 2007
FULL OR HALF
SCREEN
THICKNESS OF
SCREEN FRAME
MATERIAL
Vinyl
Aluminum
(roll form)
Both
0.024"
18/16
Aluminum
Double
5/8" Overall
Stainless
Steel
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall
5/8" Space
Steel
SPACER TYPE
SCREEN TYPE
Vinyl
GLAZING
THICKNESS
CLADDING TYPE
No
STANDARD
GLAZING TYPE
JAMB LINER
MATERIAL
Pine
SCREEN MESH
MATERIAL
FSC AVAILABLE
5-13/16" 0.03 vinyl, 0.01
flexacron, 0.1
composite
FRAME & SASH
MATERIAL
Andersen 400 (Vinyl Clad
W01 Wood)
EXTRUSION
THICKNESS
(FRAME, SASH,
SILL)
CLAD WOOD
FRAME DEPTH
CONSTRUCTION
4-9/16"
0.055, 0.055, 0.055 Pine
Yes
Vinyl
Aluminum
Aluminum
(roll form)
Both
4-9/16"
0.050, N/A, 0.050
Pine
No
Vinyl
Aluminum (frame:
Aluminum
extruded, sash: roll form) (roll form)
Both
0.024"
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
5/8" Overall
Steel
4-9/16"
0.050, 0.019, 0.050 Pine
No
Vinyl
Aluminum (frame:
Aluminum
Both
0.024"
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall
Steel
4-9/16"
0.050, 0.045, 0.050 Pine
No
Vinyl
Aluminum (frame:
Aluminum
Both
0.024"
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall
Steel
4-9/16"
0.050, N/A, 0.050
Pine
No
Vinyl
Aluminum (frame:
Aluminum
Full
0.024"
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall
Steel
4-9/16"
0.050, 0.050, 0.050 Pine
No
Vinyl
Aluminum
Aluminum
(roll form)
Both
0.024"
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
7/8" Overall
Stainless
Steel
4-9/16"
0.050, 0.050, 0.079 Douglas Fir
Yes
Vinyl
Aluminum (extruded)
Aluminum
(roll form)
Half
0.024"
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall
Bronze
4-9/16"
0.050, 0.050, 0.050 Pine
Yes
Vinyl
Aluminum (extruded)
Aluminum
(roll form)
Both
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall,
1/2" Space
Steel
Eagle - Talon (DH with fixed
W02 top sash)
W03 Jeld-Wen - Builder (DH)
Jeld-Wen - Custom
Collection Double (Single)
W04 Hung
Jeld-Wen - Premium
W05 Collection (DH)
Jeld-Wen - Traditions Plus
W06 (DH)
W07 Kolbe - Ultra Series
W08 Loewen
Marvin - Clad Ultimate
W09 CUDH3026 (DH)
3-11/16" 0.050, 0.0235,
0.050
Pine
No
Vinyl
Aluminum (frame:
Aluminum
Both
0.024"
18/16
Fiberglass
Triple
5/8" Overall
Steel
3-11/16" 0.045, 0.0235,
0.050
Pine
No
Vinyl
Aluminum (frame:
Aluminum
Both
0.024"
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
5/8" Overall
Steel
3-11/16" 0.050, 0.0235,
0.050
Pine
No
Vinyl
Aluminum (frame:
Aluminum
Full
0.024"
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
5/8" Overall
Steel
4-9/16"
0.049, 0.049, 0.049 Pine
No
Vinyl
Aluminum (extruded)
Aluminum
(extruded)
Both
0.024"
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall
Swiggle w/
Warm Edge
4-9/16"
0.079, 0.067, 0.079 Pine
No
Vinyl
Vinyl
Aluminum
(roll form)
Full
0.024"
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
5/8" Overall
Warm-edge
Spacer
4-9/16"
0.050, 0.050, 0.050
Vinyl
Aluminum (extruded)
Aluminum
(roll form)
Full
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall
Stainless
Steel
4-9/16"
0.075, 0.075, 0.075 Pine
Yes
Ultrex
Ultrex Pultruded
Fiberglass
Aluminum
(roll form)
Full
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall,
1/2" Space
Steel
W10 Pella - Designer
W11 Pella - Architect
W12 Pella - Proline
W13 Weathershield - WS
Weathershield - Proshield
W14 (Vinyl Clad Wood)
W15 Semco - Double Hung
CLADDING TYPE
SCREEN TYPE
FULL OR HALF
SCREEN
THICKNESS OF
SCREEN FRAME
MATERIAL
SCREEN MESH
MATERIAL
STANDARD
GLAZING TYPE
N/A
N/A
N/A
Aluminum
(extruded)
Half
0.062"
18/16 Fabric
Double
1" Overall,
1/2" Space
4"
0.07, 0.07, 0.07
Aluminum
N/A
N/A
N/A
Aluminum
(roll form)
Both
0.062"
18/16 Nylon & Double
Aluminum
1" Overall,
1/2" Space
3-1/4"
0.062, 0.062, 0.078 Aluminum
N/A
N/A
N/A
Aluminum,
Fiberglass,
or Steel
Both
0.062"
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
1" Overall
5"
0.062, 0.062, 0.062 Aluminum
N/A
N/A
N/A
Aluminum
(extruded)
Both
0.062"
18/16
Fiberglass or
Aluminum
Single, 2
Sash
System
3-1/4"
0.062, 0.062, 0.062 Aluminum
N/A
N/A
N/A
Aluminum
(extruded)
Both
0.062"
18/16
Fiberglass or
Aluminum
Double
1" Overall,
3/4" Space
Thermal
Plastic
2-3/8"
0.065, 0.065, 0.065 Aluminum
N/A
N/A
N/A
Aluminum
(extruded)
Half
018/16
Fiberglass
Double
5/8" Overall
Dura-Seal
3-1/2"
0.125, 0.125, 0.125 Aluminum
N/A
N/A
N/A
Aluminum
(extruded)
Half
0.062"
18/16
Aluminum
Single
1" Overall,
1/2" Space
1/2" Mill
Finish Air
Spacer
4-1/4"
0.062, 0.062, 0.062 Aluminum
N/A
N/A
N/A
Tubular
Both
0.062"
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
1" Overall,
3/4" Space
Whatever
specified
THICKNESS OF
SCREEN FRAME
MATERIAL
A01 Graham - 2075 Series (SH)
SPACER TYPE
JAMB LINER
MATERIAL
0.062, 0.062, 0.090 Aluminum
GLAZING
THICKNESS
FSC AVAILABLE
3-1/4"
FRAME & SASH
MATERIAL
EXTRUSION
THICKNESS
ALUMINUM
FRAME DEPTH
W16 Marvin - Integrity(DH)
Aluminum
or stainless
steel
A02 Kawneer - 8400
Aluminum
A03 Peerless - 9130
A04 St. Cloud - SCW #920 (SH)
A05 Traco TR 9100
None, dual
thermal
window
A06 Gerkin - Rhino (SH)
A07 Wausau Window 310i
FULL OR HALF
SCREEN
N/A
Aluminum
(extruded)
Half
3-1/4"
0.0825, 0.0825,
0.0825
Vinyl
N/A
Vinyl
N/A
Aluminum
(roll form)
Full
3-1/4"
0.25, 0.25, 0.25
Cellular PVC N/A
Vinyl
N/A
Aluminum
(roll form)
2-7/8"
0.065, 0.065, 0.065 Vinyl
N/A
Vinyl
N/A
3-1/4"
0.082, 0.082, 0.082 Vinyl
N/A
Vinyl
3-1/4"
0.0625, 0.0625,
0.0625
Vinyl
N/A
2-11/16" 0.0625, 0.0625,
0.0625
Vinyl
4-7/8"
0.078, 0.078, 0.078 Vinyl
SPACER TYPE
SCREEN TYPE
Vinyl
GLAZING
THICKNESS
CLADDING TYPE
N/A
STANDARD
GLAZING TYPE
JAMB LINER
MATERIAL
0.065, 0.065, 0.065 Vinyl
SCREEN MESH
MATERIAL
FSC AVAILABLE
2-1/2"
FRAME & SASH
MATERIAL
EXTRUSION
THICKNESS
VINYL
FRAME DEPTH
A08 DeVAC
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall
Dura-Seal
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall
Steel
Both
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
7/8" overall,
5/8" Space
Dura-Seal
Aluminum
(roll form)
Half
18/16
Fiberglass or
Aluminum
Double
3/4" Overall,
1/2" Space
Dura-Seal
N/A
Aluminum
(roll form)
Half
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall,
1/2" Space
Steel
Vinyl
N/A
Aluminum
(roll form)
Half
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall,
1/2" Space
Swiggle by
Truseal
N/A
Vinyl
N/A
Aluminum
(roll form)
Half
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall,
1/2" Space
Swiggle by
Truseal
N/A
Vinyl
N/A
Aluminum
(roll form)
Half
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall,
1/2" Space
PPG
Intercept
Warm Edge
P01 Gerkin - 6100 (SH)
0.024"
P02 Pella - Thermastar Vinyl
P03 Thermal Line - 1090 (DH)
Thermal Line - series 11
P04 4000 (SH)
P05 Thermo Tech - 7100 (SH)
P06 Vinylite - Diplomat (SH)
P07 Vinylite 400 Series (SH)
Fiberglass
N/A
3"
Solid Fiberglass
Fiberglass
N/A
SPACER TYPE
0.07, 0.07, 0.09
GLAZING
THICKNESS
2"
STANDARD
GLAZING TYPE
Fiberglass
SCREEN MESH
MATERIAL
Wood
THICKNESS OF
SCREEN FRAME
MATERIAL
CLADDING TYPE
N/A
FULL OR HALF
SCREEN
JAMB LINER
MATERIAL
0.090, 0.090, 0.090 Fiberglass
SCREEN TYPE
FSC AVAILABLE
3-1/4"
FRAME & SASH
MATERIAL
EXTRUSION
THICKNESS
FIBERGLASS
FRAME DEPTH
P08 Solaris - Star Series
Aluminum
(roll form)
Half
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
7/8" Overall
Steel
Fiberglass Ultrex Pultruded
Fiberglass
Aluminum
(roll form)
Both
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall,
1/2" Space
Stainless
Steel
Vinyl
Fiberglass
Half
18/16
Fiberglass
Double
3/4" Overall
Steel
F01 Accurate Dorwin
F02 Marvin - Integrity (DH)
F03 Pella - Impervia
Solid Fiberglass
.024"
SOLAR HEAT
GAIN
COEFFICIENT
VISIBLE
TRANSMITTANCE
SOUND
TRANSMISSION
CLASS
ENERGY STAR?
0.32
0.51
0.1 @
1.57 psf
27
Yes
0.35
0.31
0.53
0.01 @
1.57psi
31
Yes
0.33
0.57
0.15 @
1.57 psf
N/A
Yes
0.31
0.52
0.09 @
1.57psi
N/A
Yes
55
0.27
0.51
0.2 @
1.57 psf
29
Yes
0.33
55
0.31
0.53
0.12 @
1.57psi
DP-50
0.34
63
0.27
0.5
0.15 @
1.57 psf
28
Yes
Yes
LC-70
0.32
0.32
0.54
0.09 @
1.57psi
33
Yes
Block & Tackle
Yes
H-LC40
to 46
0.34
0.41
0.72
0.08 @
1.57psi
28
Yes
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
H-LC50
0.28
50
0.28
0.48
0.1 @
6.24psi
31
Yes
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
H-LC50
0.33
50
0.32
0.54
0.1 @
1.57psi
30
Yes
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
H-R50, H- 0.32
R30
50
0.34
0.58
0.3 @
6.24 psi
27
Yes
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
0.31
35
0.24
0.41
0.23 @
6.24 psi
28
Yes
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
H-R25
0.17 @
1.57 psf
27
Yes
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
H-LC30
0.33
29
Yes
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
H-LC40
0.3
Side Load
SASH
BALANCE
NFRC
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
Tilt-In
Spring
Yes
H-R20
0.33
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
H-LC35,
DP-35
0.32
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
H-R30
0.32
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
DP-35
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
Tilt-In
Spring
Tilt-In
W01 Wood)
W02 top sash)
53
GREENSPEC?
THERMAL
TRANSMISSION
(U-FACTOR)
0.33
CLAD WOOD
CONDENSATION
RESISTANCE
RATING
H-LC30
SASH
OPERATION PERFORMANCE
Jeld-Wen - Custom
W04 Hung
Jeld-Wen - Premium
W05 Collection (DH)
W06 (DH)
Yes
W08 Loewen
W09 CUDH3026 (DH)
W12 Pella - Proline
55
0.27
0.5
0.08 @
1.57psi
0.41
0.72
0.1 @
1.57psi
Yes
CONDENSATION
RESISTANCE
SOLAR HEAT
GAIN
COEFFICIENT
VISIBLE
TRANSMITTANC
E
H-HC45
0.43
55
0.32
0.44
Yes
HC-70,
AW-70
0.7
49
0.3 @
6.24 psi
0.1 @
6.24 psi
31
N/A
0.1 @
6.24psi
44
N/A
0.1 @
1.57 psf
ENERGY STAR?
THERMAL
TRANSMISSION
Yes
SOUND
TRANSMISSION
CLASS
RATING
Block & Tackle
AIR LEAKAGE
NFRC
ALUMINUM
BALANCE
32
N/A
Side Load
N/A
Side Load
Block & Tackle
No
AW-50
0.62
54
Side Load
Block & Tackle
No
HC-50
0.53
64
Side Load
Block & Tackle
No
H-HC40, 0.51
H-AW-40
56
0.5 @
6.24 psi
28
N/A
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
H-C50
0.5
57
0.06 @
1.57 psf
31
N/A
Side Load
Block & Tackle
No
AW-60
0.49
57
0.1 @
6.24psi
32
N/A
Side Load
Block & Tackle
No
C-60
0.55
55
0.06 @
1.57 psf
38
N/A
RATING
THERMAL
TRANSMISSION
A02 Kawneer - 8400
A03 Peerless - 9130
0.7
0.79
A05 Traco TR 9100
0.38
0.7
VISIBLE
TRANSMITTANC
E
SOUND
TRANSMISSION
CLASS
ENERGY STAR?
0.12 @
1.57 psf
33
Yes
0.34
0.58
0.1 @
1.57psf
28
Yes
0.26
0.51
0.41
0.72
0.3 @
6.24 psi
32
Yes
0.53
0.56
0.05 @
1.57 psf
27
Yes
0.32
0.33
0.53
0.12 @
1.57 psf
H-R25
0.33
0.34
0.55
0.16 @
1.57 psf
Yes
H-R45
0.31
0.28
0.51
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
H-R35, H- 0.33
LC35
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
H-R35
0.32
Tilt-In
Constant Force
Balance
H-R30
0.25
Tilt-In
Constant Force
Balance
Yes
H-R35
0.35
Tilt-In
Constant Force
Balance
Yes
H-R40
0.47
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
H-R35
Side Load
Block & Tackle
Yes
Tilt-In
Constant Force
Balance
AIR LEAKAGE
SOLAR HEAT
GAIN
COEFFICIENT
0.57
NFRC
0.33
BALANCE
52
SASH
VINYL
CONDENSATION
RESISTANCE
A08 DeVAC
60
Yes
P04 4000 (SH)
43
Yes
31
Yes
Yes
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
F-LC 50
0.3
Tilt-In
Block & Tackle
Yes
H-LC40
0.33
55
0.27
0.44
0.03 @
1.57psi
Yes
0.33
0.72
0.24 @
6.24 psi
Yes
0.32
0.54
0.1 @
6.24 psi
ENERGY STAR?
0.34
SOUND
TRANSMISSION
CLASS
THERMAL
TRANSMISSION
H-LC50
AIR LEAKAGE
RATING
Yes
VISIBLE
TRANSMITTANC
E
NFRC
Block & Tackle
SOLAR HEAT
GAIN
COEFFICIENT
BALANCE
Tilt-In
FIBERGLASS
CONDENSATION
RESISTANCE
SASH
F01 Accurate Dorwin
50
26
Yes
Yes
MANUFACTURER, WARRANTY, COST
CUSTOM COLORS
HARDWARE
FINISHES
SECURITY
SCREEN
LOCATION OF
PLANT
WINDOW
WARRANTY
GLASS
WARRANTY
COST PER UNIT
Yes
4
No
8
No
Bayport, MN
10 Yr
20 Yr
$395
Yes
55
Yes
10
No
Dubuque, IA
20 Yr Paint,
10 Yr On
Balance
20 Yr Nonprorated
$355
No
5
No
3
No
Rantoul, IL
20/10
20 Yr
$365
Yes
12
30
3
No
Bend, OR
20 Yr Paint,
10 Yr On
Balance
20 Yr
$540
Yes
6
Yes
3
No
Hawkins, WI &
Ringtown, PN
20/20/10 Yr
20 Yr
$475
Yes
7
No
7
No
Rantoul, IL
20/10
20 Yr
$500
Yes
22
Yes
7
No
Wausau, WI
10 Yr Parts
20 Yr
$410
Yes
9
27
10
No
Steinbach, Canada
10 Yr Non20 Yr Nonprorated, 2 Yr prorated
Labor
$480
Yes
19
Yes
9
No
Warroad, MN
10 Yr Parts &
Labor
20 Yr Parts,
10 Yr Labor
$365
Yes
3
Yes
1
No
Story City, IA
10 Yr Parts,
2 Yr Labor
20 Yr
$330
21%
Yes
3
Yes
1
No
Story City, IA
10 Yr Parts,
2 Yr Labor
20 Yr
$315
21%
No
6
No
1
No
Story City, IA
10 Yr Parts,
2 Yr Labor
20 Yr
$230
21%
Yes
8
Yes
9
No
Medford & Lady Smith,
WI
20 Yr
20 Yr
$450
Production
Waste
Yes
3
No
2
No
Ladysmith, WI
20 Yr
20 Yr
$225
9%
Yes
14
18
No
Merril, WI
10 Yr
20 Yr
$310
No
3
No
2
No
Fargo, ND & Roanoke,
VA
10 Yr Parts &
Labor
20 Yr Parts,
10 Yr Labor
$210
SECURITY
SCREEN
RECYCLED
CONTENT
STANDARD
COLORS
CLAD WOOD
CUSTOM SIZES
OPTIONS
W01 Wood)
W02 top sash)
Jeld-Wen - Custom
W04 Hung
Jeld-Wen - Premium
W05 Collection (DH)
W06 (DH)
W08 Loewen
W09 CUDH3026 (DH)
Production
Waste
W12 Pella - Proline
GLASS
WARRANTY
COST PER UNIT
10 Yr
$375 - 400
Aluminum:
60% , Glass:
5% to 25%
10 Yr
$650
Aluminum,
Glass, Vinyl:
98%
WINDOW
WARRANTY
Aluminum:
60%
LOCATION OF
PLANT
$300 - 400
Yes
Unlimited Yes
York, PA
1 yr
Unlimited Yes
1
Springdale, AR
2 Yr
10 Yr
Yes
3
Yes
To Match No
Window
Fort Scott, KS
1 to 10 yrs,
Project
Specific
Yes
2
Yes
2
St. Cloud, MN
10 Yr
Yes
8
Yes
To Match
Window
Cranberry, PA
Yes
4
8
To Match No
Window
Sioux City, IA
10 Yr
10 Yr
$190
Yes
Unlimited Yes
1
Yes
Wausau, WI
10 Yr
10 Yr
$600
Yes
Unlimited Yes
1
Yes
Osage, IA
10 Yr
SECURITY
SCREEN
Yes
5 Yr
HARDWARE
FINISHES
16
HARDWARE
FINISHES
Yes
CUSTOM
COLORS
STANDARD
COLORS
ALUMINUM
CUSTOM SIZES
No
A02 Kawneer - 8400
A03 Peerless - 9130
No
10 Yr
A05 Traco TR 9100
Aluminum:
40% upon
request
$750
STANDARD
COLORS
CUSTOM
COLORS
LOCATION OF
PLANT
WINDOW
WARRANTY
GLASS
WARRANTY
COST PER UNIT
VINYL
CUSTOM SIZES
A08 DeVAC
Yes
3
No
To Match No
Window
Sioux City, IA
Lifetime
10 Yr
$120
Production
Waste
Yes
2
No
To Match No
Window
Story City, IA
10 Yr Parts,
2 Yr Labor
20 Yr
$125
Production
Waste
Yes
1
Exterior
only
3
No
Mandan, ND
10 Yr
10 Yr
$205
Production
Waste
Yes
2
Exterior
only
3
Yes
Mandan, ND
10 Yr
10 Yr
$130
Production
Waste
Yes
3
No
To Match No
Window
Sauk Rapids, MN
20 Yr
10 Yr
$110
Yes
2
No
To Match No
Window
Fergus Falls, MN
Lifetime
10 Yr
$130
Production
Waste
Yes
2
No
To Match No
Window
Fergus Falls, MN
Lifetime
10 Yr
$120
Production
Waste
Yes
50
700
To Match No
Window
Quebec, Canada
Lifetime
20 Yr
$235
Production
Waste
P04 4000 (SH)
STANDARD
COLORS
CUSTOM
COLORS
HARDWARE
FINISHES
SECURITY
SCREEN
LOCATION OF
PLANT
WINDOW
WARRANTY
GLASS
WARRANTY
COST PER UNIT
FIBERGLASS
CUSTOM SIZES
Yes
5
Yes
2
Yes
Winnipeg, Canada
Limited
Lifetime
20 Yr
$535
No
3
No
2
No
Fargo, ND & Roanoke,
VA
20 Yr
10 Yr
$240
Yes
3
No
To Match No
Window
Story City, IA
10 Yr Parts,
2 Yr Labor
20 Yr
$210
Glass: 20%
F01 Accurate Dorwin
Glass: 20%
W01 Wood)
+ all one color exterior into jamb track is nice + interior is nice + exterior looks good +
simple sash profile on interior is nice - narrow vinyl visible - fat profile on exterior
frame jamb
+ nice - tilt locks are fussy - locks too big - no sash lift
- sizes do not work well with brick dimensions - strange sash release tabs might break
easily - awkward nailing flange - coating on exterior is vinyl?
+ tilt release is very nice + inside handles are good + good sash locks and tilt
operation + nice hardware + good size lift + nice double lock + tilt feature integral to
lock, less pieces to break + tilt is easy to use
+ good - foam block at bottom of jambs will deteriorate
- loose sash operation - no grips or hardware to lift - no sash lift at all - have to push
in vinyl jamb track to tilt
- lower quality jamb liners may not last - hardware doesn't look strong enough - no
weather-stripping in jamb track - bad joint at sill - wood at sill is a water problem metal on wood sashes - open miter joints - seems very flimsy
+ nice interior and exterior + good wood and profile + extra casing is nice + looks
good - joints very visible on exterior of sash
+ nice sash lock + ok, but no sash lift and tilt is bad - tilt tabs very small and hard to
use - no sash lift at all - hardware clunky
+ jamb track is decent and weather-stripping on sash is good + sash is mitered - sash
corners not ?????- very thin metal overlay in window sash - tilt locks are difficult to use
- excess adhesive material at joints on sashes - vinyl jamb liner visible on exterior tan vinyl with white window is not very attractive
*partial sample - can't test operation*
- metal overlay on wood sashes - strange foam seal at sill
+ clean and attractive appearance + nice exterior appearance + vinyl jamb track is
Eagle - Talon (DH with fixed mostly covered + less hardware to break thanks to integral lock and tilt - grill is too
wide
and flat compared to others - interior appearance has too many lines and pieces
W02 top sash)
- thin profiles - complex exterior appearance at jambs - lower quality appearance unattractive exterior and interior - very visible vinyl jamb track from exterior
Jeld-Wen - Custom
W04 Hung
Jeld-Wen - Premium
W05 Collection (DH)
W06 (DH)
CONSTRUCTION
OPERABILITY
CLAD WOOD
APPEARANCE
COMMENTS
+ exterior appearance overall is ok - interior sash grooves look strange - can see
- tilt mechanism ok to open but need to pull latches to shut - small integral sash lift
white vinyl liner from exterior - interior appearance has too many pieces to sash vinyl jamb track visible - vinyl track makes window look lower quality - a lot of vinyl on
the inside
+ looks very nice interior and exterior + classic look + good proportions + all wood
- closes too easily - top sash has tilt but not easy to figure out - bottom sash has no
jamb when lower sash is closed + no vinyl visible in jamb track when closed + no vinyl tilt - no handle inside - sash lock is difficult - lock is hard to figure out
visible from exterior + nice exterior profile - fuzzy weather-stripping
- lower quality thin vinyl jamb tracks - no sash weather-stripping - no dam at sill
between wood and aluminum - lower quality hardware - thin metal overlay on wood
sashes on exterior - tilt tabs tiny and not replaceable
+ very nice + most of vinyl track covered on interior + simple, clean lines on interior + + tilt easy to use - no handle inside - hardware small - tilt tabs have to be pulled in to
nice exterior appearance - Low quality appearance to lock, too thin to hold up
secure sash to lock in place - no sash lift
+ screen locks are metal pins, good for this type + tilt locks are nice - little foam
blocks in jambs will disappear - tabs not replaceable - lower quality sash lock
+ handle is nice + very nice and classic + very nice interior and exterior appearance
+ very little vinyl visible in jamb track + looks good inside and out - narrow vinyl strip
in jamb - handle could be more attractive
+ good hardware + better weather-stripping + solid - wood seems soft grain - will it
seal well?
+ nice + wide casing option is nice + looks like tilt tabs are replaceable
W08 Loewen
W09 CUDH3026 (DH)
+ very good, solid feel + very nice lock and tilt, all one easy to tell if locked +
separate metal sash lift - sash lift could be more ergonomic - tilt would be nice
+ sash lift profile is nice - sash lift is plastic - integral shade looks lower quality - integral shade option is undesirable - don't bother with integral blinds - blinds are
- plastic integral shade tab seems lower quality - sash cords could break or fail - sash
profile is clunky - jamb track - grill looks very low quality compared to other samples - stiff and difficult to operate - top and bottom sash don't align when locked - hard to tell lift is heavy - integral shade mechanism shaves wood off of jamb AL13d- lapped joints
vinyl jamb track very visible interior and exterior - unattractive appearance
if it is locked
on exterior - cladding is break metal over wood
+ fair and simple - lapped metal joints on exterior are crude - narrow sash profile sash lift projects too far
- very stiff - no tilt locks? - very hard to open - tilting mech is very awkward
+ heavy duty sash lift + most of jamb track wood rather then vinyl - open and uneven
miter joints - sash lift projects too far - cladding is break metal over wood
+ fair - odd appearance rounded vinyl extrusions - thin wood profile - too much vinyl
on interior jamb - looks lower quality - grills too thin - very narrow sash profile interior
and exterior - very visible vinyl jamb track - vinyl jamb liner very visible on exterior
- rough, needs a sash lift (no sash lift provided) - have to press jamb liner to tilt
window
- soft wood - hollow vinyl jamb track could crack and break - sash cords could break
or fail - lapped joints on exterior metal - cladding is break metal on wood
+ nice looking + good interior and exterior profile - fuzzy weather-stripping - exposed
vinyl jamb liner
+ ok + recessed pulls work well - tilt operation difficult - integral lift would be hard to
lift on a large window - vinyl jambs are complicated
+ sill jamb works ok + no exposed wood + integral nailing flange - lower quality
hardware - some thin vinyl sections - plastic tilt tabs not replaceable - thin metal
extrusion over wood not self supporting
W12 Pella - Proline
+ nice exterior profile + recessed for shadow + grid is nicely proportioned - inside
+ user friendly + good tilting mechanism + recessed pull works well + smooth
sash grooves don't look good - exposed vinyl jamb liner - a lot of vinyl on interior jamb operation - handles would work better then groove - groove looks strange
+ thicker metal extrusion at sashes - hardware is very small - cords in jamb tracks
might break - hinge in jamb track is thin and might crack - no 'dam' at sill
+ Ok - odd gap at meeting rail - thin profile - looks lower quality
+ hardware is good + decent weather stripping - sill flap on interior broke - interior gyp
board receptor might limit options - sill piece on interior loose, could easily break - can
tilt release tabs be replaced? - thin frame section - lower quality screen clips
+ good + hardware comfortable and easy to operate - screen hard to get in and out
OPERABILITY
ALUMINUM
APPEARANCE
+ nice clean lines interior and exterior + looks good - no profile for top fixed sash to
+ fuel length sash lift + operates easily + sill sloped to exterior, no blockage + smooth + seems well constructed + good - top sash outside thermal break
mimic double hung from exterior - simplistic appearance but very thin exterior profile - operation (better then kawneer and traco) - no integral sill drain - bottom sash won't
frame is same as sash - stop blocks are clunky
stay up
+ attractive exterior except screen track + nice wide sash profile + looks good screen tracks and sash stops look tacked on - end of sash lifts unfinished and rough
+ full length sash lift - deep trough at sash sill hard to clean - top sash is operable,
slides down too easily - both sashes loose
- strange proportions of very thin top and bottom frame to wide sides - don't like
screen track - clunky sash stops - very wide jamb profile - don't like projected screen
+ full width integral lift - strange deep trough at sill will gather dust, dirt, etc. - sash is
very loose in frame
A02 Kawneer - 8400
A03 Peerless - 9130
+ technical refined appearance - not "homey"
A05 Traco TR 9100
CONSTRUCTION
- sashes feel very loose in frame - lock seems undersized for heavy aluminum
window - rough overall - has weeps but would be difficult to clean - top sash is outside
of thermal break
- sash sits crooked in frame - plastic sash stops, one already broken - lower quality
plastic hinged covers over sill drains at exterior - sill does not seal well (possibly
because of broken sash) - poorly finished water drainage cut into bottom of screen
frame - big box cavity at sill hard to clean out - raw edges of sash lift - big empty
cavity at jambs - operable sash is loose
+ easy to operate + smooth and secure + you can ventilate in a heavy rain and not let + very well made + machined parts + durable locks on all sashes + integral sill
water in - many layers of glass to clean - looks complicated - multiple steps to operate drainage with sliding metal exterior covers + beautiful + great thermal break + very
if no "come-along" installed
solid construction
+ clean exterior appearance + looks good - doesn't look as clean as kawneer from
interior - totally utilitarian profiles, you don't get the look of a top sash - rough edges
on lift sash
+ full length sash lift + easy, smooth operation + ok - sash not easily removable +
locking mechanism works well
+ double walls at sill + sill drains cleanly to exterior + solid construction - corners on
sash look rough - thermal break is very minimal - top sash outside thermal break - big
empty cavity in jamb - plastic insert for screen track
- Flat exterior appearance - Very narrow frame and sash profile - looks lower quality
+ sash lift at bottom and top of sash frame makes it easier to open - tilt sash feature
has lower quality plastic tilt tabs
- very shallow frame depth and thin thermal break - sash cords are exposed at sash,
only secured by knot at top - not durable
+ Nice heavy, wide frame + appearance is more machined accurate than Traco or
Graham + Screen frame is recessed at exterior, creates nice shadow line
+ Sash lift at bottom and top of operable sash makes opening window easier +
Smooth operation - Deep sill trough hard to clean?
+ Well constructed
+ Exterior appearance OK - Lots of visible fuzzy weather stripping
+ Sash lift at both top and bottom of sash + you can ventilate in a heavy rain and not
let water in - Sash lifts are small - Sash falls freely between lock points when sash
release lock tabs are released - plastic release locks on sashes make window harder
to use (not intuitive) - will plastic parts last as long as rest of window?
+ aluminum parts assembled accurately - no protection against water infiltration into
window at sill drains
OPERABILITY
VINYL
APPEARANCE
A08 DeVAC
- very shallow frame depth - flat exterior appearance - no profile - exterior is
unattractive - fuzzy weather-stripping - looks low quality
+ operates ok - sill drainage accomplished through gaps in sill screen frame - screen
not easy to remove
+ wide sash profile + integral brick mold on exterior lends more traditional window
+ integral sill drainage (is it effective?) + works well - don't like the feel of papery,
look to frame + frame section more similar to typical wood window + easier to detail
fuzzy weather-stripping
jambs - but also more material - low quality appearance to welds, excess material and
loose at frame - sashes have thin lapped glazing stops
+ wide sash profile + exterior appearance okay for vinyl - too much hardware and
devices on interior sashes - clunky frame and corner finishes - lower quality looking
exterior profile - looks like a storm window
P04 4000 (SH)
CONSTRUCTION
+ vinyl sections reinforced with metal + integral nailing flange + good sash lock + half
screen that is in a good frame and not easy to pull out - very thin vinyl sections
subject to breaking - plastic tilt tabs not replaceable - cords in jambs susceptible to
breaking and tampering - shallow, thin integral lift - vinyl pieces holding glazing in place from exterior very
thin and not welded - lower quality hardware - thin extrusions will crack - foam block in
sill will deteriorate or get picked apart
- hardware is awkward - integral lifts are too small - screen not easily removed - sash + thick PVC extrusions + durable metal screen frame + nice glazing stops on exterior
limit stops are fussy and don't work
of sashes - no integral nailing flange - screen projects beyond frame on exterior, held
in place with flexible pieces - papery and fuzzy weather-stripping - crude joints - lower
quality and fussy hardware
- strange rounded exterior profile of frame - sashes not visible from exterior - very flat + pull lift handle is easy to use - screen not easily operable - sash slides loosely appearance - protruding, simplistic exterior looks lower quality - unappealing on
very flimsy operation
interior - interior sash lift
+ welds seem well constructed - lift handle prone to cracking off - plastic tabs to tilt
sash for clearing seem fragile with no apparent way to replace - vertical sill piece for
air infiltration not completely welded, water penetration possible - thin extrusions papery, fuzzy weather-stripping - lower quality hardware
+ flush welds - thin profile of top sash from exterior and interior - poor exterior
appearance - lapped trim at sashes has gaps - flat
+ integral sill drainage - hinged covers on sill drainage are fragile - sample wouldn't
operate
+ window sash lift is good - but it could chip or break off - poorly detailed glazing
stops on exterior - thin material and un-welded gaps - twin tilt tabs not replaceable thin extrusions will crack - lower quality hardware and screen clips - lapped miter joints
- flat exterior appearance
+ heavy full length integral sash lift + integral sill drainage - still breakage a possibility - lock held in place by vinyl extrusion of top sash - plastic tilt tabs not replaceable plastic tabs on screen breakable
- very thin exterior profile - extremely low quality appearance, thin, flimsy interior and
exterior
- sash wobbles in frame - window does not stay shut without locking
F01 Accurate Dorwin
OPERABILITY
FIBERGLASS
APPEARANCE
+ architectural appearance to sash profile + exterior appearance more like wood +
+ integral full length lift + simple, positive sill drainage + good operation + tilt looks
interior profile is nice + decent shape + good thickness and profile at sashes interior
easy to use + works well - integral full length lift could break - weather-stripping
and exterior + 2 color option is nice + the fact that the jamb tracks aren't hollow is nice
- center mullion too wide - don't like projected profile on exterior
+ utilitarian in appearance - projected exterior profile negate desired shadow lines,
how do you detail trim and siding? - interior hardware and profiles are unrefined black lines of weather-stripping are distracting, weep cover on exterior are clunky
- hard to close, stiff operation - hard to operate tilt locks
+ metal lock and lift feel good, durable + tight joints in frame and sashes + integral
sill drainage + looks like plastic tilt tabs can be replaced if broken + seems solid - very
short, thin interior plastic sash seal and sill - screen tabs prone to breaking
+ nice clean exterior profile - strange lip on interior lower sash - vinyl jamb liner very
visible
+ operates OK - very difficult to tilt - no handles on interior
+ nice weather-stripping + tilt tabs replaceable if broken + good joints - lower quality
screen and lock - thick vinyl in jamb tracks - integral lift handle in top of sash causes
strain on sash frame when lifted
+ decent interior/ exterior appearance - except visible fuzzy weather-stripping - gap at + operates OK - except that top sash operates "awkward"
meeting rail is odd
+ good welds + very nice seamless sill - sash lock looks lower quality - tilt tabs plastic
and not replaceable
CONSTRUCTION
- thin glazing stops on exterior - side loaded, so sash loose in track - very thin
extrusions - plastic screen tabs will break - sash lift on top of sash will case stress on
sash when lifted - cords to break or be tampered with - lower quality hardware, thin
flaps on sash exterior with gaps - lift cable seems fragile
+ integral nailing flange + sill drainage - both screen and bottom sash poor fitting open joints in frame - sash pull is integral (plastic) to sash, could be chipped off hardware balance system, screen tabs and lock feel lower quality - very shallow frame
section - raw edges
TERMS AND DEFINITIONS:
Extruded and roll form cladding: Aluminum clad wood windows are made with either extruded aluminum cladding or roll-form aluminum on
the exterior, or a combination of the two. Extruded aluminum is structurally stronger and the preferred method of construction. Roll-form
cladding is break metal material shaped to fit over the wood substrate. See "Extrusion thickness" and "Cladding type" columns to verify which
type of cladding is used by each manufacturer. Extruded aluminum is generally .049 or higher.
FSC (Forest Stewardship Council): From the FSC website: "Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) is a non-profit organization devoted to
encouraging the responsible management of the world's forests. FSC accredited, independent, “third-party” certification bodies or “certifiers”
certify forests. They assess forest management using the FSC principles, criteria, and standards, each certifier uses their own evaluative
process. Certifiers evaluate both forest management activities (forest certification) and tracking of forest products (chain-of-custody
certification)."
NFRC (National Fenestration Rating Council): A national council formed to establish a uniform set of procedures for calculating and testing
thermal performance of all windows and doors. This procedure uses common, standardized testing sizes, materials and procedures and thus
provides a more accurate source for comparing different types of windows. Windows that are NFRC rated include an NFRC label on the
window units that provide information on the window's U-value, solar heat gain coefficient, visible transmittance, air leakage and condensation
resistance factor.
Window Rating: Window ratings in the above chart were provided by the manufacturer rep, and are either based on either
AAMA/NWWDA101-IS 2-97or AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440-05 standards (AAMA/WDMA is the more recent standard).
AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440-05: 2005 standard of the American Architectural Manufacturers Association, Window and Door
Manufacturers Association and Canadian Standards Association. To obtain this rating, windows undergo standardized testing. The rating is
broken into three parts. The first part identifies what product (operation) type of window is being rated. For example, an "H" designation at the
beginning of the rating indicates that the window is a hung window, which is the case for all of the samples we reviewed. The second part
identifies the performance class - R for residential, LC for light commercial, C for commercial, HC for heavy commercial, and AW for
architectural. R is the lowest class; AW is the highest. The third part is a number that identifies the performance grade within the class. The
higher the number, the better the window's grade.
AAMA/NWWDA101-IS 2-97: 1997 standard of the National Wood Window and Door Association and American Architectural Manufacturers
Association, with "Design Pressure (DP) ratings ranging from DP15 to DP40, with the higher numbers being better ratings.
U-Factor: A measure of the rate of heat flow through the window. The lower the U-Factor, the better the insulating value of the window.
According to the NFRC, U-Factor ratings generally fall between 0.20 and 1.20. The U-Factor is expressed in units of Btu/hr-ft2-F0 or W/m2-C0.
The material used in the window frame, glass coatings, and insulated glass spacer materials can all affect the U-Factor. When comparing UFactor of different windows, it is important to look at the U-Factor for the entire window assembly, not just the glass or center of glass (cog)
value. All U-Factors listed in the chart above were requested for the entire window assembly.
Condensation Resistance: An indication of a window's ability to resist condensation. The higher the value, the less likely condensation is to
occur. Condensation Resistance is expressed as a number between 0 and 100. Like the U-value, the condensation resistance factor varies
according to the type of glass, coatings, etc, and the value can be given for the entire assembly, the frame only, glass only, or center of glass
(cog).
Solar Heat Gain Coefficient: A measure of how well the window blocks heat from the sun from entering the building. Solar Heat Gain
Coefficient is expressed as a number between 0 and 1. The lower the solar heat gain coefficient, the less solar heat is transmitted into the
house through the window. Depending on the building orientation and architectural shading features, a higher or lower SHGC may be desired.
Since the glass performance has a significant impact on the SHGC, choosing different glass can impact the performance of the same window.
In some cases it may be advantageous to specify different glass coatings for different sides of a building depending on whether or not solar
gain is desired.
Visible Transmittance: A measure of how much light comes through a window. Visible transmittance is expressed as a number between 0 and
1. The higher the number, the more light transmitted.
Sound Transmission Class: A measure of airborne sound transmission loss rating of a window within a typical range of sound frequencies.
The higher the STC, the better the sound insulation between the interior space and the exterior. This can be of particular concern in buildings
adjacent to airports, freeways or other major noise sources.
Energy Star: From the Energy Star website: "To be eligible for the ENERGY STAR, products must be rated, certified, and labeled for both UFactor and Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) in accordance with the procedures of the National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) at
levels which meet the following ENERGY STAR qualification criteria in one or more Climate Zone." For Minnesota, the U-Factor must be less
than or equal to .35. The SHGC may be any value.
GreenSpec Directory listed: GreenSpec is a sustainable product listing and guideline service of BuildingGreen, Inc. To be listed in
GreenSpec, wood windows must achieve an NFRC-certified unit U-Factor of .25 or lower. Vinyl windows must achieve an NFRC U-Factor of
.20 or lower. Fiberglass windows must achieve an NFRC U-Factor of .30 or lower. Aluminum windows are not currently listed in GreenSpec.
PLEASE NOTE:
The information included in this report is accurate to the best of our knowledge as of February, 2007. Technical and cost information were
provided to Cermak Rhoades Architects by manufacturer representatives. A window size of 3'x5' was used as the standard for providing the
cost per unit. The cost per unit does not include installation or related finishing required (such as staining or painting of wood windows).
DISCLAIMER:
The opinions expressed within this document are our own and based on our subjective response to experience with samples submitted for
review.

WINDOW RESEARCH REPORT - Cermak Rhoades Architects

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