here is the Table of Contents in PDF

ADVANCED AQUARIST’S
ONLINE MAGAZINE
VOLUME X, BOOK I
2011 EDITION
Pomacanthus Publications, Inc.
ADVANCED AQUARIST'S ONLINE MAGAZINE
VOLUME X, BOOK I
2011 EDITION
ISBN 10: 1467938653
EAN 13: 978-1467938655
© 2011 Pomacanthus Publications, Inc. All rights reserved.
All of the information in this periodical are the property of Advanced Aquarist's Online
Magazine / advancedaquarist.com, a website owned by Pomacanthus Publications Inc., and
are protected by U.S. and other foreign copyright and trademark laws. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by
any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without written
permission of the publisher, Pomacanthus Publications, Provincetown, MA 02657.
Advanced Aquarist's Online Magazine, the Advanced Aquarist's Online Magazine logo and
advancedaquarist.com are all trademark of Pomacanthus Publications Inc.
Advanced Aquarist's Online Magazine makes no representations or warranties with respect to the material contained herein and is provided for use "as is" and is without
warranty of any kind. Advanced Aquarist's Online Magazine is not liable for any losses or injury arising from inaccurate information.
All photographs contained in this publication are copyright their respective owners/photographers. Reuse or reproduction in any form must be negotiatied with the respective
owner/photographer directly. Some photographs do not have a direct photo attribution
within an article. In these cases, the photographs are the property of the owner of the respective article that they appear in.
Chief Editor: Terry Siegel
Layout & Design: Shane Graber
Publisher: Pomacanthus Publications, Inc.
Printing: Self-Published at CreateSpace.com
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/
This book is dedicated to all of Advanced Aquarist's readers that have helped
advance this hobby one step at a time.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Advanced Aquarist would like to thank all of our authors, sponsors, and readers who have
made this publication possible over these last nine years. Without everyone's support, this
publication would not be the high quality publication that it is today.
We'd especially like to thank all of our contributing authors for the first six months of 2011:
Richard Aspinall, Craig Bagby, Mike Cao, Marco Colasanti, James W. Fatherree, Ken S. Feldman, Shane Graber, Sonny Harajly, Sanjay Joshi, Joe Peck, Allison A. Place, Dana Riddle,
Terry Siegel, Gary White, and Kenneth Wingerter for all of their excellent articles.
We'd also like to thank our sponsors: Marine Depot, Premium Aquatics, Ready Aquatics,
and Reef Nutrition / APBreed / Reed Mariculture along with Bulk Reef Supply, Complete
Reef, Global Aquarium Supply, Red Sea, and Sunlight Supply – all of whom provided significant financial support for the online magazine. We'd also like to thank Champion Lighting
& Supply, E.S.V. Company, Fauna Marin, Global Aquatics, Orphek, and Two Little Fishes for
their financial support. Without all of these businesses financial support, this magazine
would not be able to be provided for free online and we wouldn't be able to provide you
with the print edition that you are now reading.
We'd also like to thank you, the reader, for your readership and for the continued suggestions. You've helped shape this publication into what it is currently.
Terry Siegel, this publication's Chief Editor, would like to thank Doug Robbins (deceased),
Greg Schiemer (deceased), Julian Sprung, J. Charles Delbeek, Peter Wilkens, Martin Moe,
and Craig Bingman.
Shane Graber, this publication's Design and Layout Editor, would like to thank his wife,
Jama, for her love and support.
CHIEF EDITOR
Terry Siegel:
[email protected]
WEBSITE AND PRINT
DESIGNERS
Shane Graber:
[email protected]
Leonard Ho:
[email protected]
FEATURED AQUARIUMS
Leonard Ho:
[email protected]
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Volume X, Book I
2011 Edition
INFORMATION
Publisher:
Pomacanthus Publications, Inc.
JANUARY
Website:
http://www.advancedaquarist.com/
Advertising:
[email protected]
EDITORIAL
Feedback:
[email protected]
By Terry Siegel
PUBLICATION INFORMATION
Advanced Aquarist's Online
Magazine (ISSN 1931-6895) is published monthly online by
Pomacanthus Publications, Inc. A
central goal of this publication is to
promote exchange between the scientific community and amateur
aquarists, for the benefit of both disciplines and the environment. To
achieve our combined goals of
greater understanding of the natural
world and honing our husbandry
skills we will rely heavily on science
and scientists. Advanced Aquarist's
Online Magazine will always emphasize protection and
understanding of the natural
environment.
JANUARY 2011 ............................................................................................................. 1
Terry discusses this month's issue.
FEATURE ARTICLE
MEASURING WATER MOVEMENT IN YOUR REEF AQUARIUM FOR LESS THAN $100 .................................................................................. 2
By Dana Riddle
Water motion is an extremely important consideration in the husbandry of reef aquaria,
yet there are no inexpensive measuring devices on the market. This article will tell how to
estimate water motion using a relatively low-cost method. Interpreting the results will
also be discussed.
FEATURE AQUARIUM
MIKE CAO'S NON-PHOTOSYNTHETIC REEF ..................................... 8
By Mike Cao
Mike shares his gorgeous 155 gallon non-photosynthetic tank with us this month.
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Volume X | 2011 Edition
AQUARIUM CORALS
COLLECTION AND AQUARIUM HUSBANDRY OF NORTHEAST PACIFIC NON-PHOTOSYNTHETIC CNIDARIA .......................................................................................................................................................... 15
By Kenneth Wingerter
It is hoped that this article not only serves as a useful guideline for locating, harvesting, and maintaining specimens for the
home aquarium, but furthermore adequately promotes the return of these beautiful creatures to their rightful place of eminence in the marine aquarium hobby.
AQUARIUM FISH
A LOOK AT THE GOBIES ................................................................................................................................................... 25
By James W. Fatherree, M.Sc.
After all, many (but certainly not all) are quite hardy and easy to care for, and many are attractive and/or have interesting behaviors. This is especially so when it comes to some of my personal favorites, the shrimp gobies.
MARCH
EDITORIAL
MARCH 2010 .............................................................................................................................................................................. 32
By Terry Siegel
Terry updates our readers on his 500 gallon freshwater discus aquarium.
FEATURE ARTICLE
BACTERIAL COUNTS IN REEF AQUARIUM WATER: BASELINE VALUES AND MODULATION BY CARBON DOSING, PROTEIN SKIMMING, AND GRANULAR ACTIVATED
CARBON FILTRATION .......................................................................................................................................................... 34
By Ken S. Feldman, Allison A. Place, Sanjay Joshi, Gary White
What are the bacteria populations in the water column of reef tanks, and how does that value compare with bacterial counts in
authentic reef water? Does carbon dosing indeed increase water column bacteria populations (i.e., is growth carbon limited)?
Does mechanical filtration (protein skimming and/or GAC filtration) actually remove bacteria from the water column, and if so,
how much? Ken, Allison, Sanjay, and Gary's in-depth article puts these questions to the test.
FEATURE AQUARIUM
THE 240 GALLON REEF AQUARIUM OF JOE PECK ................................................................................. 60
By Joe Peck
If you want to be a successful coral gardner too, my advice is find some friends who have already done it, read as much as you
can stand before you start, and take your time to do it "right." Read more to find out how Joe has done it "right."
Advanced Aquarist | www.advancedaquarist.com
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AQUARIUM INVERTEBRATES
ON LIGHTING FOR TRIDACNID CLAMS ................................................................................................................. 71
By James W. Fatherree
To summarize, it is impossible to give a single number recommendation when it comes to tridacnids' lighting requirements,
even for a particular species. Each clam is genetically different, and some members of a given species will need more light than
others.
APRIL
EDITORIAL
APRIL 2011 ................................................................................................................................................................................... 76
By Terry Siegel
Terry discusses his favorite fish, the Achilles Tang, in this month's Editorial.
FEATURE ARTICLE
GETTING REALLY UP TO DATE ON ZOOXANTHELLAE (SYMBIODINIUM SPP.) ................. 78
By Dana Riddle
Why should anyone be interested in a rather obscure subject such as this? After all, we know that coral animals (hosts) and
zooxanthellae (symbionts) generally have a mutually beneficial relationship. New information may make us re-think the symbiosis between Symbiodinium and coral animals.
FEATURE AQUARIUM
THE 246 GALLON REEF AQUARIUM OF SONNY HARAJLY .............................................................. 124
By Sonny Harajly
When designing this aquarium, I had openness and negative space as my top priority. This aesthetically looks better, and allows
for a more natural and pleasant display. All too often reefers are quick to stack massive amounts of rock and corals into an
aquarium. This in turn gives the display the appearance of a fruit stand, and it is much too cluttered and busy. By allowing the
corals a large area to grow, you will be rewarded with natural growth patterns and a better looking display.
AQUARIUM CHEMISTRY
THE NITROGEN CYCLE: NEW DEVELOPMENTS AND NEW PROSPECTS ................................ 133
By Marco Colasanti
So far we have always thought of the nitrogen cycle as a series of linear reactions that conclude in a circle. But is it really a cycle?
Important discoveries made in these recent years have drastically revolutionized this concept. In this article, I will try to discuss
some of these research studies, with the intention and hope of being able to make this complex topic, understandable.
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MAY
FEATURE ARTICLE
DISTURBANCE-FACILITATED COEXISTENCE OF SESSILE ORGANISMS IN SPACE-LIMITED ENVIRONMENTS: A REVIEW OF WORKS IN ECOLOGICAL DISTURBANCE
THEORY .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 140
By Kenneth Wingerter
It is now widely accepted among theoretical ecologists that periodic, severe, localized environmental disruption can increase
biological diversity. However, many of the processes by which this takes place are not yet fully understood. Ongoing research in
this area will continue to be of particular benefit to government fisheries resource managers as well as producers of sessile marine fauna.
FEATURE AQUARIUM
THE AQUARIUM OF CRAIG BAGBY ........................................................................................................................ 146
By Craig Bagby
Craig shares his 335 gallon reef system with us this month. His 247 gallon peninsula-style main display - with elegantly minimalistic aquascaping - and frag tank are home to an impressive assortment of vibrant corals and fishes
AQUARIUM CORALS
A FIRST REPORT: EARLY SUMMER DAYTIME SPAWNING OF PORITES LUTEA IN
HAWAI'I ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 155
By Dana Riddle
To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. lutea's daytime spawning as early as July in Hawaiian waters. The take home message is clear - not all corals spawn at night or do our observations of P. lutea's spawning behaviors correspond to any particular
lunar phase. In fact, our observations suggest spawnings are random during periods of warmer water.
AQUARIUM FISH
DAMSELFISHES AND CHROMISES: THE GOOD AND THE BAD ....................................................... 159
By James W. Fatherree, M.Sc.
There are lots of damsels and chromises all of which I've had some personal experience with as a hobbyist and when operating
an aquarium maintenance business in the past. Just enough to give you a good idea of the variability found between the species, and what may or may not be a good choice for your aquarium.
Advanced Aquarist | www.advancedaquarist.com
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JUNE
AQUARIUM INVERTEBRATES
HERMIT CRABS ....................................................................................................................................................................... 164
By Richard Aspinall
Reef keeping is replete with these simple pleasures and hermits provide so many; they are cheap, durable, often long-lived and
useful. Seeing a well known hermit sporting a new shell one morning is always a pleasant sight and is a sign that things are going as they ought.
AQUARIUM INVERTEBRATES
A LOOK AT THE SPONGES ............................................................................................................................................. 168
By James W. Fatherree
Start small. If you have a certain sponge in mind, if at all possible try to find out as much as you can about that particular type.
What environment it comes from, whether it is symbiotic or not, if it is highly toxic (some are), how big it gets, etc. The more
you know in the beginning, the greater your chances for success.
BOOK REVIEW
BREEDING BERGHIA NUDIBRANCHES - THE BEST KEPT SECRET BY
DENE BANGER ......................................................................................................................................................................... 175
By Shane Graber
'Breeding Berghia Nudibranches' is a new book by Dene Banger that explains how to set up and maintain a system for breeding
Aiptasia devouring Berghia nudibranchs, sell them for fun and profit, and scale the system based on demand.
PRODUCT REVIEW
TWO LITTLE FISHIES' MEDIA REACTOR 150 AND PHOSBAN PHOSPHATE AND
SILICA ADSORPTION MEDIA ....................................................................................................................................... 178
By Dana Riddle
TLF's 150 Reactor and PhosBan media performed as advertised. Under the conditions of this testing, both phosphate and silica
concentrations fell to levels below the detection limits of 'laboratory grade' instruments. The successful application of these
products in aquaria around the world is a testament to their functions. If you're battling algae outbreaks and need a quick solution, give these products a try.
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Volume X | 2011 Edition