Franki pile - FRANKI Grundbau

FRANKIPILE
High Pile Loads
Optimum Adaptation to Foundation Soil
Low-noise Manufacturing Process
The FRANKIPILE
Application possibilities
The FRANKIPILE can be used in a wide range of foundation
soil conditions as a deep foundation element for all types of
constructions such as, e.g. bridges, roads, tunnels, industrial
and office buildings, dock bases, craneways, wind power plants
and many more. It offers particular advantages in places where
high loads have to be transferred or where good, load-bearing
foundation soil only occurs very deep down in the ground.
Where very high loads have to be transferred in restricted areas,
a further development is available in the form of the Megapile,
which enables pile loads of up to R2,K = 6000 kN, depending
on the foundation soil (see separate brochure). The pile system
has a wide variety of designs enabling it to be ideally adapted
individually to the various types of foundation soil conditions and
building site situations.
Vertical piles as well as sloping piles tilted up to 4:1 are available.
Due to its base expansion the FRANKIPILE is also well suited to
absorbing tensile loads.
The dimensioning and the manufacturing of the FRANKIPILE
are carried out according to DIN 1054 and DIN EN 12699. For
preliminary dimensioning, dimensioning curves are given for
the FRANKIPILE in the “EA piles” for both non-cohesive and
cohesive soils.
Manufacturing process
The FRANKIPILE is a cast-in situ concrete foundation pile with a
recovered driving pipe. This is closed watertight underneath by
means of a stopper made of dry concrete or grit. A free fall pile
hammer working in the pipe strikes onto this stopper, thereby
driving the pipe into the ground.
The resulting pile driving work (number of strikes/m) is a measure
of the load-bearing capacity of the ground at the respective
pile location. After reaching the target depth and the pile driving
criteria respectively, the stopper is detached and the necessary
base concrete quantity is rammed down. Finally a reinforcing
cage is adjusted, concrete filled in and the driving pipe pulled up
again.
Should the in-situ ground have insufficient load-bearing capacity at the intended settling depth, ground improvement can
be carried out before manufacturing the pile base by means of
gravel pre-compression. In this case the ground is improved in a
corresponding area below and above the pile settling depth by
means of ramming down gravel.
Environmental friendliness
The manufacturing of the FRANKIPILE takes place with low
emissions due to internal pile driving. In the case of favourable
boundary conditions it is also possible to carry out the foundation work with this pile system in the proximity of existing
buildings. Due to the full earth displacement it is not necessary
to transport earth, this therefore excludes the earth becoming
loosened.
The pile system has proven itself many times in building projects
on contaminated sites.
Economic efficiency
The specific adaptation of the possible design variations to the
foundation soil and the building site situation result in optimum
utilisation with regard to the load-bearing capacity and pile
length. Its almost 100-year application in building works is based
on its perfected technology, high manufacturing standards and
excellent economic efficiency.
Frontispiece: Berth 25, Rostock Overseas Port
Manufacturing process
1
Set driving pipe
in place, fill in
stopper concrete
and ram in
2
Ramming in the driving
pipe through inner
ramming with free
fall pile hammer
3
Formation of the pile
base through ramming
down the concrete
driving pipe
pulling
during
base
formation
free fall pile
hammer
stopper
made of
concrete
or gravel
refilling
concrete
pile drive onto
the stopper
GW
non load-bearing
foundation soil
load-bearing
foundation soil
always waterresistant closing
with stopper
penetration
into the earth
ramming
down the base
FRANKIPILE Rig
Inclination up to
max. 6:1 depending on rig type
Inclination
up to. 4:1
depending
on rig type
necessary working area
depending on rig type
Rammed out base
of the FRANKIPILE
Specification
• Very high pile loads
• Very low settlement
• Full ground displacement
• Optimum adaptation
to the foundation soil
• Base expansion
• Diameter 42, 51, 56, 61 cm
Applications
• All types of constructions
• Contaminated foundation soil
• Fluctuating foundation
soil conditions
Manufacturing process with gravel pre-compression
4
Fitting the reinforcing cage
and concreting
the shaft
pulling
the driving
pipe
refilling
concrete
5
Capping the pile
head; arranging
the connecting
reinforcement
1
Ramming in the driving pipe
through inner ramming with
free fall pile hammer until the
load-bearing foundation soil
is reached
2
Ramming down
the gravel whilst
pulling the pipe
3
Ramming back
the pipe into the
gravel previously
rammed down
4
Forming a pile
base through
ramming down
concrete
the pile is
finished and
after hardening ready to
bear loads
pulling
when
forming
base
refilling
of gravel
fitting the
reinforcing
cage
refilling of
concrete
non load-bearing
foundation soil
GW
always waterresistant closing
with stopper
load-bearing
foundation soil
ramming
down the
base
compressed
foundation
soil
penetration
into the earth
Building practice
Power Plant Moorburg, Hamburg
Logistic Center IKEA, Dortmund
Office Building Unilever + Marco-Polo-Tower, HafenCity Hamburg
Extension Dock 2, Meyer-shipyard, Papenburg
5
Capping the pile
head; arranging
the connecting
reinforcement
the pile is
finished and
after hardening ready to
bear loads
The old and new “Störbrücke”, Schleswig-Holstein – 426 piles
Marco Polo Tower Hamburg – 258 piles
CentrO, Oberhausen – 6424 piles
HKW Tiefstack, Hamburg – various foundations with FRANKIPILES
Mercedes-Benz Museum, Stuttgart –
1400 piles with gravel pre-compression
Foundation soil · Load
Test load of a
FRANKIPILE in
non-cohesive ground,
pile diameter 51 cm
Ground profile
Pressure sounding
Resistance - Settlement – Line
0
0 50
0
5 10 5
10 1510
2
2
qc [MN/m
] 0 2]
15 2015 qc [MN/m
20 q20
c][MN/m
0
0
0 1,00
0
1,0 2,01,0
6,0Load [MN]
Load [MN]
2,0 3,02,0 3,0 4,03,0 4,05,04,0 5,0 6,05,0 Load
6,0 [MN]
02
0 50
02
5 105
10 1510
2
2 [MN/m
qc [MN/m
] 0 2]
15 2015 qc [MN/m
20 q20
c]
0
10
0
10
0 1,00
0
10
1,0 2,0
1,0
2,0 3,0
2,0
3,0 4,0
3,0
Filling FillingFilling0
420 soil 24
Clay
Clay soil Clay soil
50
240
105
1510
1,00
0
10
20
2,0
1,0
3,0
2,0
4,0
3,0
Filling
Filling
642 soil 46
Clay
Clay soilClay
Peat
Peat
Peat soil
2
] qc [MN/m
0 2]
2015 qc [MN/m20
0
10
10
20
20
462
864 soil 68
Clay soilPeat Peat
Clay
Peat
684
Clay
Clay soil Clay soil
8
1086 soil 10
Peat
Peat
86
10
Clay
Clay soilClay soil
12
12
108 soil 10
12
10
8
0
0
Filling FillingFilling
0
20
Peat Peat Peat
14
Clay soil
Clay
12
12
10 soil 14
Sand
Sand Peat
Sand Peat
Peat
Clay
16
16
Clay SoilClay Soil
14
12 Soil 14
16
14
12
Sand Sand
Sand
Peat Sand Sand
Peat
Sand
18
18
Soil
Clay
16
Clay SoilClay
14 Soil 16
18
16
14
10
20
30
20
30
10
20
30
20
30
40
30
40
20
30
40
4,0 5,04,0 5,0 6,0
5,0
5,04,0
6,0
5,0
6,0
6,0Load [MN]
Load [MN]
Load [MN]
Load [MN]
6,0
Load [MN]
30
30
40 40
40
50
50 50
[mm] [mm]
Setting [mm]
SettingSetting
40
40
50 50
50
[mm] [mm]
SettingSetting
Setting [mm]
14
12
10
50
50
Setting [mm] Setting [mm]
Sand
Sand
20
Sand
20
20 18
18
16 Soil 18
16
Clay SoilSand Sand
Clay
Depth [m]
DepthDepth
[m] [m]
Sand
Sand
20 20
20
18
18
DepthDepth
[m] [m]
Depth [m]
20
Depth [m]
Test load of a
FRANKIPILE in
cohesive ground,
pile diameter 56 cm
20
Depth [m]
GroundTopsoil
profile
2
2
qc [MN/m
5 10 1510 15 2015 qc [MN/m
] 0 2]
0 Pressure
0 50
5 10 sounding
20 q20
c][MN/m
TopsoilTopsoil
0
0
Course clay
CourseCourse
clay clay
0
0
Topsoil
Topsoil
Topsoil
Gravel/Stones
Gravel/Stones
Gravel/Stones
20
02
Course
clay clay
Course clay
Sand
Sand
Sand Course
0
Topsoil Gravel/Stones
Topsoil
Gravel/Stones
Gravel/Stones
420
24
Gravel/Stones
Gravel/Stones
Gravel/Stones
Course clay
Course clay
Sand Sand
Sand
Gravel/Stones
Gravel/Stones
642
Sand
Sand Sand
46
Gravel/Stones
Gravel/Stones
Gravel/Stones
Sand
Sand
864
68
Sand Sand Sand
Gravel/StonesGravel/Stones
Sand
1086
Sand
Clay
12
108
Clay Clay
Clay
14
12
10
Clay Clay
Clay
0
0
50
02
5 105
10 1510
50
240
105
1510
2
684
10
86
12
10
128Gravel pre10
GravelGravel
pre- precompressing
compressing
compressing
1,00
0
10
1,0 2,0
1,0
2,0 3,0
2,0
3,0 4,0
3,0
1,00
0
10
20
2,0
1,0
3,0
2,0
4,0
3,0
10
20
30
20
30
10
20
30
20
30
40
30
40
20
30
40
4,0 5,04,0 5,0 6,0
5,0
5,04,0
6,0
5,0
6,0Load [MN]
Load [MN]
Load
6,0 [MN]
6,0 [MN]
6,0Load [MN]
Load [MN]
Load
Load [MN]
6,0
Load [MN]
30
30
40 40
40
50
50 50
[mm] [mm]
Setting [mm]
SettingSetting
40
40
50 50
50
[mm] [mm]
SettingSetting
Setting [mm]
14
12
10Gravel preGravelGravel
pre- precompressing
compressing
compressing
16
16
16
14 14
14
12
12Gravel pre- Gravel pre[m]
Depth [m]
DepthDepth
[m]
Clay
compressing compressing
16 16
16
14
14
DepthDepth
[m] [m]
Depth [m]
14
12
16
Depth [m]
2
Resistance
-2,0Settlement
Line
1,0 2,01,0 2,0 3,0
3,0 4,03,0 4,05,04,0– 5,0
6,05,0
0 1,00
0
2 [MN/m
qc [MN/m
] 0]
15 2015 qc [MN/m
20 q20
0
c]
0
0
10
10
2
] qc [MN/m
2015 qc [MN/m20
0 2]
0
10
10
20
20
462
108
0
50
50
Setting [mm] Setting [mm]
16
Depth [m]
load in WorkingWorking
load in Driving Driving
load in WorkingWorking
load in
Driving Driving
pipe Driving
pipe pipe
WorkingWorking
loadWorking
in load in
loadWorking
in load in
pipe Driving
pipe pipe
WorkingWorking
loadWorking
in load in
loadWorking
in load in
non-cohesive
ground
half-solid
cohesive
ground
non-cohesive
ground
half-solid
cohesive
ground
diameter
diameter
Ø diameter
non-cohesive
Ø Ø non-cohesive
ground ground
half-solid
half-solid
cohesive
cohesive
ground
ground
diameter
diameter
Ø diameter
non-cohesive
Ø Ø non-cohesive
ground ground
half-solid
half-solid
cohesive
cohesive
ground
ground
Technical data
Characteristic
pile
resistance
pressure
Characteristic
Rin2,K
tension
Driving
pipe pipe
load load
in in R
in in Driving Driving
pipe
pipe
load
in inresistance
load
load
in in
Driving
pipeDriving
WorkingWorking
loadWorking
in
Working
loadWorking
in load load
pipeDriving
WorkingWorking
loadWorking
in loadpile
WorkingWorking
loadWorking
2,K Working
diameter
Ø
Ø
non-cohesive
non-cohesive
ground
half-solid
half-solid
cohesive
cohesive
ground
ground
diameter
Ø
Ø
non-cohesive
non-cohesive
ground
half-solid
half-solid
cohesive
cohesive
ground
ground
diameter
Ø diameter
non-cohesive
ground
half-solid
ground
diameter
Ø diameter
non-cohesive
ground
half-solid
cohesive
ground
with
standard
with
base
with standard
with
base
with
standard
with
base
with
standard
with
base
with
standard
with
standard
with base
with ground
base
with
standard
withcohesive
standard
with
base
with
base
with
standard
with
standard
with base
withground
base
with
standard
with
standard
with
base
with
base
pileload
drive
dimensioning
pileload
drive
dimensioning
pileload
drive
dimensioning
pile load
drive
workdimensioning
dimensioning
pile drive
pile
work
drive
dimensioning
work
dimensioning
pile
pile
work
drive
work
dimensioning
dimensioning
pile drive
pile
work
drive
work
dimensioning
dimensioning
pile
pile
work
drive
work
dimensioning
Driving pipeDriving
pipe
Working
Working
inwork
load
in drive
Working
Working
inwork
load
in Driving pipeDriving
pipe
Working
Working
inwork
load
in drive
Working
Working
in
load
in
diameter Ø diameter
non-cohesive
Ø
non-cohesive
ground
half-solid
half-solid
ground
cohesive
ground
diameter Ø diameter
non-cohesive
Ø standard
non-cohesive
ground
half-solid
half-solid
ground
cohesive
ground
with standard
with
standard
with ground
base
withwith
base
withcohesive
standard
with
standard
with base
with
base
with
with
standard
with ground
base
with
base
withcohesive
standard
with
standard
with base
with
base
with
standard
with base
standard
with
base
with
standard
with base
with
standard
with
base
kN
kN
kN kN
kN work
kNdrive
kN kN
kN kN
kN
kN dimensioning
kN
kNpile
kN
kNpile
kN work
kN
kN
mm mmpilemm
kNpile
kN work
mm mmpilemm
kNpile
kN work
drive
pile
drive
work
dimensioning
dimensioning
drive
pile work
drive
work
dimensioning
dimensioning
drive
pile
drive
work
dimensioning
dimensioning
drive
pile
drive
dimensioning
drive
work
dimensioning
pile
work
dimensioning
drive
work
dimensioning
pilekNdrive
work
dimensioning
with standardwith standard
with base withwith
base
standardwith standard
with base with base
kN
kN
kN
kN1400
kN
kN1350
mmpile
mm
kN drive
kN1800
kN
kN work
kN
mm 420
kN work
mm
drive
pile
dimensioning
work 1800
dimensioning
pile
drive
pile1350
drive
dimensioning
work 1400
dimensioning
1400
1800
420
1350
1350
420
1350
1350
420
1800 18001800 510
1600 16001600
2200 22002200
510 510 510
1600 16001600
kN 14001400
kN
kN 13501350
kN1400
kN 18001800
kN1350
mm 420 420
mm
kN 13501350
kN1800
mm
420
1350
420
2200 22002200 560
2000 20002000
2800 28002800
560 560 560
2000 20002000
1800 18001800 510
1600 16001600
2200 22002200
510 510 510
1600 16001600
2600
2400
3500
610
2400
1400 26002600
1400 610
1350 24002400
1350
1800 35003500
1800
420 610 610
420
1350 24002400
1350
420
2200 22002200 560
2000 20002000
2800 28002800
560 560 560
2000 20002000
1800
1800 510
1600
1600
2200
2200
510
510
1600
1600
2600 26002600 610
2400 24002400
3500 35003500
610 610 610
2400 24002400
2200
2200 560
2000
2000
2800
2800
560
560
2000
2000
610
610
2400
3500
2400
2400
3500
2600
2400
2600
610
with standardwith standard
with base with
withbase
standardwith standard
with base with base
kNdimensioning
kN
kN drive
kN
kN
kNdrive
mmpile
mm
kN drive
kN700
kN
kN work
kN
kN work
drive
pile
dimensioning
work 700
dimensioning
pile
pile
dimensioning
work 500
500
400
700
420
400
500
400
400
420
400
400
510 510
500 500 500900 900 900500 500 500700 700 700
kN 500 500
kN
kN 400 400
kN500
kN 700 700
kN400
mm400
kN 400 400
kN700
420 420
630 630 630800 800 800
1000 10001000
560 560
630 630 630
510 510500 500 500900 900 900500 500 500700 700 700
1100
610 610
710
500 900 900
500
400 710 710
400900
700 11001100
700710
420
400 710 710
400
560 560630 630 630
630 630 630800 800 800
1000 10001000
700
500700
900500
510500
500900
610 610710 710 710
710 710 710900 900 900
1100 11001100
800
630
630800
1000
1000
560630
630
610710
1100
710
710
1100
Loads up to R2,K = 6000 kN are possible with the Megapile (see separate brochure).
The loads and pipe diameters must be selected for the relevant ground conditions.
We will be happy to advise you!
710900
900
FRANKIPILES in contaminated soils
Manufacturing process
of a FRANKIPILE with
displacement tip
3
2
1
Ram pipe
finished
FRANKIPILE
contaminated
foundation soil
1. Ramming through and lateral
2
1 contaminated layer
displacement
with pile tip
2. Ramming in the load-bearing
foundation soil
3. Ramming out the pile base
and manufacturing the pile shaft
Barrier
layer
60°
Load-bearing
foundation soil
2
Manufacturing process
3
of a FRANKIPILE
with seal
Lost tip
3
2
1
Driving pipe for
the seal
finished
FRANKIPILE
contaminated
foundation
soil
Barrier
layer
Jointing
compound
1. Ramming in the driving pipe
for the seal into the barrier layer
2. Pulling the pipe and simultaneously
filling the released cross-section with
jointing compound
3. Ramming through the jointing
compound with the ram pipe and
manufacturing the FRANKIPILE in
accordance with the standard
manufacturing process
Load-bearing
foundation soil
FRANKI Grundbau GmbH & Co. KG
Complete foundation projects
Head Office
Hittfelder Kirchweg 24-28
21220 Seevetal, Germany
Tel.: +49 (0) 4105-869-0
Fax: +49 (0) 4105-869-299
E-Mail: [email protected]
www.franki.eu
n Pile foundations
n Excavation shoring
n Diaphragm walls
n Slurry walls
n Building safety
n Soil improvement
3