Toep assing 4 - Meergezinsw oningen

Transcription

Toep assing 4 - Meergezinsw oningen
TOEPASSING 3:
WONINGSCHEIDENDE WANDEN IN MEERGEZINSWONINGEN
DOORLOPENDE VLOERPLATEN, VERHOOGD AKOESTISCH COMFORT, DnT,w > 58 dB
TOEPASSING 4:
WONINGSCHEIDENDE WANDEN IN MEERGEZINSWONINGEN
DOORLOPENDE VLOERPLATEN, VERHOOGD AKOESTISCH COMFORT, DnT,w > 58 dB
Dakplaat
Dakplaat
4 cm minerale wol
4 cm minerale wol
> 58 dB
> 58 dB
APP 4
APP 2
> 150 kg/m2
> 150 kg/m
> 220 kg/m2
zwevend
zwevend
> 150 kg/m2
APP 3
> 150 kg/m2
> 150 kg/m2
> 105 kg/m2
zwevend
zwevend
APP 1
> 220 kg/m2
> 105 kg/m2
> 58 dB
> 58 dB
zwevend
zwevend
zwevend
Meersgezinswoning
- Toepassing 1
Toepassing
3 - Meergezinswoningen
Vloerplaat in beton
zwevend
Vloerplaat in beton
Ononderbroken fundering
Ononderbroken fundering
Deze voorgestelde oplossing is onderhevig aan de randvoorwaarden zoals vermeld op pg 7.
MATERIALEN
• scheidingsmuur 2 x 150 kg/m²
• 4 cm minerale wol
• SonicStrip zowel boven als onder de vloerplaat
• zwevende vloeren noodzakelijk, ook op gelijkvloers
Bouwen met Silentbrick is kiezen voor bouwen
met performante akoestische resultaten.
De vloerplaat boven de bovenste bouwlaag moet
onderbroken worden.
Fabricagematen
SonicStrip Lengte rol: 6,25 m / 12,5 m
Breedte: 100 / 150 / 200 mm
Type steen
Vorm
Vorm: vlak
Dikte: 10 mm
Dikt
Max. belasting per lm:
Max
160 kN/m
< 16
• SonicStrip geplaatst onder én boven alle muren.
m
• SonicStrip ligt op en onder de vloerplaten.
• In de vloerplaat: een bijkomende dubbele wapening met een minimale
diameter van 8 mm geplaatst.
14
> 150 kg/m2
APP 3
L
B
H
(mm) (mm) (mm)
Oppervlaktemassa
wand, inclusief
mortel (kg/m²)
Deze voorgestelde oplossing is onderhevig aan de randvoorwaarden zoals vermeld op pg 7.
MATERIALEN
• scheidingsmuur 220 kg/m²
• 4 cm minerale wol
• scheidingsmuur 105 kg/m²
• SonicStrip zowel boven als onder de vloerplaat
• zwevende vloeren noodzakelijk, ook op
gelijkvloers
Breedte: 100 / 150 / 200 mm
138
188
> 150
Dikt
Dikte: 10 mm
Max
Max. belasting per lm:
< 16
160 kN/m
288
138
138
> 150
288
188
138
> 150
Porotherm Thermobrick
288
188
188
> 150
Desimpel Snelbouw
288
188
188
> 150
Desimpel Snelbouw
288
188
138
> 150
Fabricagematen
Vorm
Vorm: vlak
288
Porotherm Silentbrick
De vloerplaat boven de bovenste bouwlaag moet
onderbroken worden.
SonicStrip Lengte rol: 6,25 m / 12,5 m
Porotherm Silentbrick
Porotherm Thermobrick
Bouwen met Silentbrick is kiezen voor bouwen
met performante akoestische resultaten.
• SonicStrip geplaatst onder én boven alle m
muren.
• SonicStrip ligt op en onder de vloerplaten.
• In de vloerplaat: een bijkomende dubbele wapening met een minimale
diameter van 8 mm geplaatst.
Type steen
L
B
H
(mm) (mm) (mm)
Oppervlaktemassa
wand, inclusief
mortel (kg/m²)
Porotherm Silentbrick
288
188
188
> 220
Porotherm Silentbrick
288
188
138
> 220
Porotherm Thermobrick
288
88
188
> 105
Porotherm Thermobrick
288
88
138
> 105
15
Toepassing 4 - Meergezinswoningen
APP 1
APP 4
> 150 kg/m2
2
GEVEL
> 150 kg/m
2
GEVEL
APP 2
WIENERBERGER TESTVERSLAGEN AKOESTIEK
Kij knoopreducties van Appartementen toepassing 4
Hierbij worden de knoopreductiecoëf gegeven over de aanzet van een
dubbele wand + verdieping op een funderingssokkel met doorlopende
vloerplaat.
Voor de doorlopende funderings-vloerplaat werd geen specifieke test
gedaan, maar werd de test genomen van een doorlopende betonplaat uit
de appertementensimulaties. (test 09)
Aangenomen kan worden dat deze test zeker de meest nadelige
benadering van de situatie zal zijn wegens het bijkomende effect van de
dissipatie dat zal optreden bij vloerplaten op volle grond.
Voor de bovenste verdiepingen werden testen 05 en 06 (onder belasting,
met enkele strip) gedaan voor knoopreducties over wanden onderbroken
met de akoestische strip WB160 (sonic strip) van Wienerberger.
Voor de doorlopende vloerplaten aan de tussenverdiepen werd test 07 en
09 uitgewerkt
Om tot een Dntw bepaling te komen moeten deze gerecombineerd
worden met de Rw waardes van de opbouwende wanden.
Bijkomend werd een celtest gedaan van de volledige opstelling met
gelijmde snelbouwstenen in combinatie met akoestische matten
(150kg/m² + dubbele (boven en onder) sonic strips)
CSTC
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
WTCB
Tel : (32) 2 7164211
Offices : B-1932 Sint-Stevens-Woluwe, Lozenberg 7
Page 1/11
www.bbri.be
Measurement of the vibration reduction index Kij
TEST CASE :
Requested by : Wienerberger NV ipv Terca Beerse
Test adress :
CASE 09
Contact company : Luc Vasseur
BBRI :
B. Ingelaere
Wienerberger NV Steenbakkersdam 10 in Beerse
General informations
Test name :
Applied standard:
Date test :
Date report :
Responsable test :
Collaboration :
Excitation source :
Excitation type :
K13, K12, K14, K15, K26
Pr EN 10848-1 and 4
26/09/2007
27/09/2007
Charlotte Crispin
Debby Wuyts
Hammer
Stationary structure-borne
Junction informations
Junction description : A cross junction composed of a continuous concrete floor and a double brick
wall. A resilient joint is inserted between the brick walls and the floor.
Junction lenght [m] :
4.2
Wall informations
Designation
ρ [kg/m³]
Width [m]
Length [m]
Thickness d [m]
Edyn [N/m²]
μ
Junction diagram
Wall 1
Floor 2
Wall 3
Wall 4
Bricks
1108
4.2
3.1
0.14
5.60E+09
0.15
Concrete
2300
4.6
2.5
0.19
2.60E+10
0.2
Bricks
1108
4.4
2.3
0.14
5.60E+09
0.15
Bricks
1108
4.2
2.1
0.14
5.60E+09
0.15
Wall 5
Floor 6
X
Precast
Bricks
Concrete concrete
1108
2300
2300
4.2
4.6
4.35
3.1
2.5
4.16
0.14
0.19
0.2
5.60E+09 2.60E+10 2.60E+10
0.15
0.2
0.2
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Page 2/11
Measurement apparatus and tests cells
TEST CASE :
CASE 09
Test equipment
Accelerometers :
A real time analyser :
Accelerometer calibrator :
Excitation source :
Computer + software :
Dytran (sensitivity : 1000mV/g)
01dB Orchestra (8 channels), 01dB Symphonie (2 channels)
B&K Type 4294
Hammer
dBFA32 v4.8, dBBATI32 v4.8
Test cells and mounting description
Test adress : Wienerberger NV Steenbakkersdam 10 in Beerse
Mounting description : A cross junction composed of a continuous concrete floor and a double brick wall. A resilient joint
is inserted between the brick walls and the floor. The resilient joint is a resinbonded rubber with a
thickness of 0.01 m and a width of 0.14 m. The brick walls are not plastered. The cavity between
the brick walls is filled with mineral wool and measures ± 0.03 m.
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Page 3/11
The structural reverberation time
Ts
TEST CASE :
CASE 09
Wall 1
Floor 2
Wall 3
Wall 4
Wall 5
Floor 6
X
X
100
0.82
0.85
0.78
0.78
0.82
0.85
0.79
0.91
125
160
200
250
315
0.48
0.4
0.4
0.47
0.36
0.37
0.3
0.29
0.25
0.2
0.19
0.15
0.12
0.09
0.08
0.07
0.05
0.87
0.56
0.8
0.47
0.71
0.44
0.35
0.3
0.23
0.19
0.15
0.13
0.1
0.09
0.09
0.07
0.06
0.72
0.72
0.72
0.72
0.73
0.6
0.44
0.53
0.44
0.35
0.28
0.19
0.13
0.15
0.13
0.11
0.07
0.72
0.72
0.72
0.72
0.73
0.6
0.44
0.53
0.44
0.35
0.28
0.19
0.13
0.15
0.13
0.11
0.07
0.48
0.4
0.4
0.47
0.36
0.37
0.3
0.29
0.25
0.2
0.19
0.15
0.12
0.09
0.08
0.07
0.05
0.87
0.56
0.8
0.47
0.71
0.44
0.35
0.3
0.23
0.19
0.15
0.13
0.1
0.09
0.09
0.07
0.06
0.63
0.57
0.56
0.34
0.29
0.23
0.24
0.18
0.13
0.11
0.09
0.13
0.08
0.07
0.09
0.07
0.06
0.72
0.46
0.5
0.61
0.32
0.39
0.45
0.36
0.29
0.23
0.23
0.19
0.18
0.17
0.14
0.12
0.1
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
ηtot
The total loss factor
Wall 1 Floor 2 Wall 3 Wall 4 Wall 5 Floor 6 X
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
0.027
0.037
0.034
0.028
0.019
0.019
0.015
0.015
0.012
0.011
0.011
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.010
0.009
0.008
0.009
0.026
0.020
0.025
0.014
0.019
0.010
0.013
0.013
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.011
0.011
0.010
0.008
0.008
0.007
0.028
0.024
0.019
0.015
0.012
0.010
0.009
0.010
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.006
0.028
0.024
0.019
0.015
0.012
0.010
0.009
0.010
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.006
0.027
0.037
0.034
0.028
0.019
0.019
0.015
0.015
0.012
0.011
0.011
0.009
0.009
0.009
0.010
0.009
0.008
0.009
0.026
0.020
0.025
0.014
0.019
0.010
0.013
0.013
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.012
0.011
0.011
0.010
0.008
0.008
0.007
0.028
0.028
0.024
0.020
0.026
0.024
0.024
0.018
0.019
0.021
0.020
0.020
0.011
0.014
0.013
0.008
0.008
0.007
X
0.024
0.024
0.030
0.022
0.014
0.022
0.014
0.010
0.010
0.009
0.010
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.004
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Page 4/11
Kij for the transmission path 1- 3 : Result
Kij
CASE 09
TEST CASE :
Direction averaged velocity level difference : Dvij,bid
Test name :
Test date :
K13
Direction averaged velocity level difference
26/09/2007
70
60
Dvij [dB]
50
20
155.1
155.1
B [Nm]:
1.28E+06
1.28E+06
fci [Hz] :
202.5
202.5
n [1/Hz]:
0.07
0.06
Dv13
10
Dv31
Dv13 bid
2500
3150
4000
5000
2500
3150
4000
5000
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
250
200
100
0
160
10.1
125
Wall 3
13.2
Frequency [Hz]
The vibration reduction index : Kij
The vibration reduction index, Kij
40
30
20
10
Frequency [Hz]
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
0
250
49.3
50
200
Single value [dB] :
60
160
K13
37.1
34.6
43.3
43.0
40.4
46.1
43.8
51.5
50.9
54.7
56.3
57.4
56.4
58.4
58.5
56.7
59.9
56.3
125
Frequency [Hz]
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
70
100
ρ' [kg/m²] :
Wall 1
30
Kij [dB]
S [m²] :
40
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Page 5/11
Kij for the transmission path 1- 2 : Result
Kij
CASE 09
TEST CASE :
Direction averaged velocity level difference : Dvij,bid
Test name :
Test date :
K12
Direction averaged velocity level difference
26/09/2007
50
45
40
35
Dvij [dB]
30
25
20
15
155.1
437.0
B [Nm]:
1.28E+06
1.49E+07
fci [Hz] :
202.5
99.8
n [1/Hz]:
0.07
0.03
10
Dv12
Dv21
5
Dv12 bid
2500
3150
4000
5000
2500
3150
4000
5000
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
250
200
100
0
160
11.3
125
Floor 2
13.2
Frequency [Hz]
The vibration reduction index : Kij
The vibration reduction index, Kij
25
20
15
10
5
Frequency [Hz]
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
0
250
30.5
30
200
Single value [dB] :
35
160
K12
27.6
25.6
29.8
30.6
25.1
27.8
27.7
31.1
31.6
32.5
34.1
34.0
34.3
34.8
35.5
33.6
34.9
35.5
125
Frequency [Hz]
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
40
100
ρ' [kg/m²] :
Wall 1
Kij [dB]
S [m²] :
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Page 6/11
Kij for the transmission path 1- 4 : Result
Kij
CASE 09
TEST CASE :
Direction averaged velocity level difference : Dvij,bid
Test name :
Test date :
K14
Direction averaged velocity level difference
26/09/2007
80
70
60
Dvij [dB]
50
40
30
Wall 1
Wall 4
S [m²] :
13.2
9.0
ρ' [kg/m²] :
155.1
155.1
B [Nm]:
1.28E+06
1.28E+06
fci [Hz] :
202.5
202.5
n [1/Hz]:
0.07
0.05
20
Dv14
10
Dv41
Dv14 bid
2500
3150
4000
5000
2500
3150
4000
5000
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
250
200
160
125
100
0
Frequency [Hz]
The vibration reduction index : Kij
The vibration reduction index, Kij
50
40
30
20
10
Frequency [Hz]
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
250
200
0
160
49.4
60
125
Single value [dB] :
70
100
K14
40.2
34.9
42.5
38.5
45.8
39.4
44.1
52.0
55.6
52.0
56.0
61.5
62.7
66.7
63.9
63.3
63.0
61.2
Kij [dB]
Frequency [Hz]
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
80
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Kij for the transmission path 1- 5 : Result
Kij
CASE 09
TEST CASE :
Direction averaged velocity level difference : Dvij,bid
Test name :
Test date :
K15
Direction averaged velocity level difference
26/09/2007
60
50
Dvij [dB]
40
155.1
155.1
B [Nm]:
1.28E+06
1.28E+06
fci [Hz] :
202.5
202.5
n [1/Hz]:
0.07
0.07
Dv15
10
Dv51
Dv15 bid
2500
3150
4000
5000
2500
3150
4000
5000
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
250
200
100
0
160
13.2
125
13.2
20
Frequency [Hz]
The vibration reduction index : Kij
The vibration reduction index, Kij
30
20
10
Frequency [Hz]
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
0
250
31.9
40
200
Single value [dB] :
50
160
K15
15.7
15.9
17.1
21.4
24.2
25.8
29.4
32.2
37.8
38.5
37.4
40.2
43.5
46.6
48.2
48.8
49.3
49.3
125
Frequency [Hz]
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
60
100
ρ' [kg/m²] :
Wall 5
Kij [dB]
S [m²] :
Wall 1
30
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Page 8/11
Kij for the transmission path 2- 6 : Result
Kij
CASE 09
TEST CASE :
Direction averaged velocity level difference : Dvij,bid
Test name :
Test date :
K26
Direction averaged velocity level difference
26/09/2007
8
7
6
5
Dvij [dB]
4
3
2
1
437.0
437.0
B [Nm]:
1.49E+07
1.49E+07
fci [Hz] :
99.8
99.8
n [1/Hz]:
0.03
0.03
0
Dv26
Dv62
-1
Dv26 bid
2500
3150
4000
5000
2500
3150
4000
5000
2000
1600
1250
800
1000
630
500
400
315
250
200
100
-2
160
11.3
125
Floor 6
11.3
Frequency [Hz]
The vibration reduction index : Kij
The vibration reduction index, Kij
4
3
2
1
Frequency [Hz]
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
0
250
2.5
5
200
Single value [dB] :
6
160
K26
3.6
3.7
3.1
4.6
2.6
6.3
1.0
0.9
2.9
1.7
1.8
1.0
0.5
0.8
0.9
1.0
2.6
4.4
125
Frequency [Hz]
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
7
100
ρ' [kg/m²] :
Floor 2
Kij [dB]
S [m²] :
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Annex 1 : MEASUREMENT METHODS
Measurement method to determine the vibration reduction index, Kij
General
The vibration reduction index Kij expresses, in a way, the attenuation of the power flow through a junction. The draft prEN ISO 10848-1 to 4 gives a
measurement method to obtain this index in laboratory.
The principle of measurement for Kij is based on tis formula :
The required quantities are the length of the junction lij [m], the direction averaged level difference [dB] and the equivalent absorption lengths ai [m]
and aj [m]. All these quantities are obtained by vibration measurements with structure-borne excitation. is obtained from the mean value of the
velocity level differences Dv,ij and Dv,ij. Dv,ij (Dv,ji) is the difference between the surface average velocity level of the wall i (j) and the wall j (i)
when the wall i (j) is excited at several points.
ai and ai are determined according to the measurement of the structural reverberation times Ts,i and Ts,j :
Sj is the surface area of the wall j [m²];
Tsj is the structural reverberation time of the wall i [s];
c0 is the speed of sound in air [m/s];
f is the current frequency [Hz];
fref is the reference frequency [fref = 1000 Hz].
Generation of vibration on the source element
Multiple hammer hits with approximately the same strength are given over an area of 1 m2 –2 m2 during a time period of 30 s.
Performance of the measurement
On each element (source and receiving plate) three (3) excitation positions and a twelve (12) transducer positions are be used. For each excitation
position four (4) different pairs of transducer positions is used on each element. All positions are randomly distributed over the surface of the element, bu
not symmetrical.
The transducer positions and excitation points shall be arranged using the following minimum distances:
· 0,5 m between excitation points and the test element boundaries;
· 1,0 m between excitation points and the junction under test;
· 1,0 m between excitation points and the associated transducer positions;
· 0,25 m between transducer positions and the test element boundaries;
· 0,5 m between the individual transducer positions.
The maximum distance between transducer positions and the junction under test is 3,5 m.
In each frequency band the measured velocity level shall be at least 10 dB higher than the background noise level. in any frequency band. If this is not
fulfilled, corrections shall be applied as shown in EN ISO 140-3. The correction value must not exceed 1,3 dB.
Measurement method to determine the structural reverberation time, Ts
Ts is the structural reverberation time of a wall [s]. It represents the time that would be required for the velocity or acceleration level in a structure
to decrease by 60 dB after the structure-borne sound source has stopped.
The hammer excitation method is used. Different masses and materials are used for an impact hammer because different material
leads to different excitations in frequency bands.
Measurement and excitation points
At least three excitation points shall be used on the test element. At least three transducer positions shall be used for each excitation point.
The transducer positions and the excitation points shall be arranged using the following minimum distances:
· 0,5 m between transducer positions and the test element boundaries;
· 1 m between the excitation point and the associated transducer positions;
· 0,5 m between the individual transducer positions.
The measurement points shall be randomly distributed over the test element.
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 10/11
Annex 2 : Checking the measurement conditions
TEST CASE :
CASE 09
1. Weak coupling : the measured Kij may not be relevant due to strong coupling
f(Hz)
Path 1-3
Path 1-2
Path 1-4
Path 1-5
Path 2-6
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
2. Diffuse vibration fields : if the measured velocity level decreases by more than 6 dB over the allowed measurement area for any elemen
of the tested junction, when the accelerometer is moved away from a stationary vibration source, then the measured Kij may not be
relevant.
f(Hz)
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
K13
Wall 1
Wall 3
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
K12
Wall 1 Floor 2
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
OK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
OK
OK
K14
Wall 1
Wall 4
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
K15
Wall 1
Wall 5
NOK
OK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
K26
Floor 2
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
Floor 6
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
3. Background noise : in each frequency band the measured velocity level shall be at least 10 dB higher than the background noise level.
f(Hz)
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
K13
Wall 1
Wall 1
NOK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
K12
Wall 1 Floor 2
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
K14
Wall 1
Wall 4
NOK
OK
OK
OK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
K15
Wall 1
Wall 5
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
K26
Floor 2
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
Floor 6
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 11/11
Annex 2 : Checking the measurement conditions
CASE 09
TEST CASE :
4. Number of modes in the 1/3 octave band, N : the mode count in 1/3 octave should be higher than 5 modes
f(Hz)
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
Wall 1
1.7
2.1
2.7
3.3
4.2
5.3
6.7
8.3
10.5
13.4
16.7
20.9
26.7
33.4
41.7
52.6
66.8
83.5
Floor 2
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.4
1.8
2.2
2.8
3.5
4.4
5.6
7.1
8.8
11.3
14.1
17.6
22.2
28.2
35.3
Wall 3
1.3
1.6
2.1
2.6
3.2
4.0
5.1
6.4
8.1
10.3
12.8
16.0
20.5
25.7
32.1
40.4
51.3
64.2
Wall 4
1.1
1.4
1.8
2.3
2.8
3.6
4.6
5.7
7.2
9.1
11.4
14.2
18.2
22.8
28.4
35.8
45.5
56.9
Wall 5
1.7
2.1
2.7
3.3
4.2
5.3
6.7
8.3
10.5
13.4
16.7
20.9
26.7
33.4
41.7
52.6
66.8
83.5
Floor 6
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.4
1.8
2.2
2.8
3.5
4.4
5.6
7.1
8.8
11.3
14.1
17.6
22.2
28.2
35.3
5. Modal overlap factor, M : for heavy element, it must be checked whether the modal overlap factor is at least unity at 250 Hz and
higher
f(Hz)
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
Wall 1
0.19
0.33
0.40
0.40
0.34
0.44
0.43
0.53
0.55
0.64
0.80
0.84
1.06
1.33
1.77
2.00
2.28
3.19
Floor 2
0.08
0.08
0.12
0.08
0.14
0.10
0.15
0.19
0.22
0.29
0.36
0.45
0.52
0.67
0.75
0.75
0.96
1.12
Wall 3
0.16
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.17
0.20
0.28
0.23
0.28
0.35
0.44
0.65
0.94
0.82
0.94
1.12
1.75
Wall 4
0.14
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.18
0.25
0.21
0.25
0.31
0.39
0.57
0.84
0.73
0.84
0.99
1.55
Wall 5
0.19
0.33
0.40
0.40
0.34
0.44
0.43
0.53
0.55
0.64
0.80
0.84
1.06
1.33
1.77
2.00
2.28
3.19
Floor 6
0.08
0.08
0.12
0.08
0.14
0.10
0.15
0.19
0.22
0.29
0.36
0.45
0.52
0.67
0.75
0.75
0.96
1.12
TEST 09 : 26/09/2007
f
K13_09
K12_09
K14_09
K15_09
K26_09
[Hz]
50
63
80
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
37,07301 27,59504 40,23715 15,66228 3,63145
34,63781 25,57177 34,85277 15,85486 3,688323
43,33232 29,79628 42,48431 17,05049 3,141527
42,99943 30,59027 38,54479 21,36238 4,574679
40,37715 25,11671 45,82327 24,15823 2,577123
46,05698 27,76468 39,36828 25,77364 6,26612
43,81147 27,7277 44,07769 29,44517 0,964651
51,4876 31,10385 51,99778 32,183 0,880538
50,85915 31,55191 55,62978 37,75474 2,928505
54,68621 32,53344 51,98667 38,48636 1,745038
56,27582 34,11644 55,9818 37,4406 1,785687
57,41255 33,97576 61,47023 40,19474 1,012255
56,35073 34,25283 62,70044 43,45698 0,509778
58,35451 34,7603 66,72415 46,56027 0,849353
58,53526 35,49304 63,85168 48,20786 0,915132
56,6816 33,55357 63,30938 48,84429 1,023038
59,90688 34,88012 63,03273 49,29765 2,602179
56,29162 35,48977 61,16124 49,26447 4,414387
Single valu49,3296 30,4979 49,4311 31,8665 2,52607
CSTC
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
WTCB
Tel : (32) 2 7164211
Offices : B-1932 Sint-Stevens-Woluwe, Lozenberg 7
Page 1/9
www.bbri.be
Measurement of the vibration reduction index Kij
TEST CASE :
Requested by : Wienerberger NV
Test adress :
CASE 05
Contact company : Luc Vasseur
BBRI :
B. Ingelaere
Wienerberger NV Steenbakkersdam 10 in Beerse
General informations
Test name :
Applied standard:
Date test :
Date report :
Responsable test :
Collaboration :
Excitation source :
Excitation type :
K12, K13, K23
Pr EN 10848-1 and 4
02/02/2007
05/02/2007
Charlotte Crispin
Lieven De Geetere
Hammer
Stationary structure-borne
Junction informations
Junction description : A T-junction with flexible interlayer: the vertical walls are made of bricks
(type : Silentbrick, thickness : 0.14m) and interrupted by horizontal hollowcore
slabs (floor 2). The resilient joint is placed between the slabs and wall 1.
Junction lenght [m] :
4.17
Wall informations
Wall 1
Designation
ρ [kg/m³]
Width [m]
Length [m]
Thickness d [m]
Edyn [N/m²]
μ
Junction diagram
Bricks
1108
4.2
2.8
0.14
5.60E+09
0.15
Floor 2
Hollow
slabs
1575
4.4
4.2
0.20
2.60E+10
0.2
Wall 3
X
Bricks
1108
4.4
2.6
0.14
5.60E+09
0.15
Sol béton
1000
3.0
2.1
0.14
1.10E+10
0.01
X
X
X
Precast
Bricks
Bricks
concrete
1108
1108
2300
4.4
4.2
4.35
2.6
2.8
4.16
0.14
0.14
0.2
5.60E+09 5.60E+09 2.60E+10
0.15
0.15
0.2
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 2/9
Measurement apparatus and tests cells
TEST CASE :
CASE 05
Test equipment
Accelerometers :
A real time analyser :
Accelerometer calibrator :
Excitation source :
Computer + software :
Dytran (sensitivity : 1000mV/g)
01dB Orchestra (8 channels), 01dB Symphonie (2 channels)
B&K Type 4294
Hammer
dBFA32 v4.8, dBBATI32 v4.8
Test cells and mounting description
Test adress : Wienerberger NV Steenbakkersdam 10 in Beerse
Mounting description : A T-junction with flexible interlayer: the vertical walls are made of bricks (type :
Silentbrick, thickness : 0.14m) and interrupted by 4 horizontal hollowcore slabs. The
resilient joint is placed between the slabs and wall 1. The resilient joint is a resinbonded
rubber with a thickness of 0.01 m and a width of 0.14 m. Wall n°1 is plastered on the
CEL1 side.
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 3/9
The structural reverberation time
Ts
TEST CASE :
CASE 05
Wall 1
Floor 2
Wall 3
X
X
X
X
X
100
0.88
0.91
1.42
0.91
0.76
0.5
0.79
0.91
125
160
200
250
315
0.57
0.47
0.36
0.49
0.32
0.29
0.26
0.23
0.18
0.18
0.15
0.13
0.11
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.06
0.66
0.44
0.45
0.26
0.23
0.22
0.14
0.14
0.15
0.11
0.1
0.11
0.07
0.06
0.09
0.06
0.05
1.24
1.37
0.71
0.55
0.41
0.41
0.29
0.2
0.17
0.14
0.11
0.1
0.09
0.09
0.07
0.05
0.05
0.72
0.46
0.5
0.61
0.32
0.39
0.45
0.36
0.29
0.23
0.23
0.19
0.18
0.17
0.14
0.12
0.1
1.23
1.6
0.84
0.79
0.82
0.68
0.77
0.82
0.73
0.49
0.46
0.36
0.23
0.15
0.13
0.1
0.09
0.54
0.41
0.31
0.43
0.31
0.26
0.26
0.23
0.2
0.18
0.16
0.14
0.1
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.63
0.57
0.56
0.34
0.29
0.23
0.24
0.18
0.13
0.11
0.09
0.13
0.08
0.07
0.09
0.07
0.06
0.72
0.46
0.5
0.61
0.32
0.39
0.45
0.36
0.29
0.23
0.23
0.19
0.18
0.17
0.14
0.12
0.1
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
ηtot
The total loss factor
Wall 1 Floor 2 Wall 3 X
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
0.025
0.031
0.029
0.031
0.018
0.022
0.019
0.017
0.015
0.015
0.012
0.012
0.011
0.010
0.011
0.010
0.009
0.007
0.024
0.027
0.031
0.024
0.034
0.030
0.025
0.031
0.025
0.018
0.020
0.018
0.013
0.016
0.015
0.008
0.009
0.009
0.015
0.014
0.010
0.015
0.016
0.017
0.013
0.015
0.017
0.016
0.016
0.016
0.014
0.012
0.010
0.010
0.011
0.009
0.024
0.024
0.030
0.022
0.014
0.022
0.014
0.010
0.010
0.009
0.010
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.004
X
0.029
0.014
0.009
0.013
0.011
0.009
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.005
0.006
0.005
X
0.044
0.033
0.034
0.035
0.020
0.023
0.021
0.017
0.015
0.014
0.012
0.011
0.010
0.011
0.011
0.009
0.008
0.007
X
0.028
0.028
0.024
0.020
0.026
0.024
0.024
0.018
0.019
0.021
0.020
0.020
0.011
0.014
0.013
0.008
0.008
0.007
X
0.024
0.024
0.030
0.022
0.014
0.022
0.014
0.010
0.010
0.009
0.010
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.004
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 4/9
Kij for the transmission path 1- 2 : Result
Kij
CASE 05
TEST CASE :
Direction averaged velocity level difference : Dvij,bid
Test name :
Test date :
K12
Direction averaged velocity level difference
02/02/2007
60
50
Dvij [dB]
40
155.1
315.0
B [Nm]:
1.28E+06
1.73E+07
fci [Hz] :
202.5
78.4
n [1/Hz]:
0.07
0.04
10
Dv12
Dv21
Dv12 bid
2500
3150
4000
5000
2500
3150
4000
5000
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
250
200
100
0
160
18.1
125
11.8
20
Frequency [Hz]
The vibration reduction index : Kij
The vibration reduction index, Kij
30
25
20
15
10
5
Frequency [Hz]
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
0
250
24.2
35
200
Single value [dB] :
40
160
K12
21.3
18.3
21.9
19.7
20.7
19.9
21.1
22.6
25.2
27.4
29.0
32.3
34.2
35.8
37.1
37.9
38.3
39.8
125
Frequency [Hz]
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
45
100
ρ' [kg/m²] :
Floor 2
Kij [dB]
S [m²] :
Wall 1
30
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 5/9
Kij for the transmission path 1- 3 : Result
Kij
CASE 05
TEST CASE :
Direction averaged velocity level difference : Dvij,bid
Test name :
Test date :
K13
Direction averaged velocity level difference
02/02/2007
60
50
Dvij [dB]
40
155.1
155.1
B [Nm]:
1.28E+06
1.28E+06
fci [Hz] :
202.5
202.5
n [1/Hz]:
0.07
0.06
10
Dv13
Dv31
Dv13 bid
2500
3150
4000
5000
2500
3150
4000
5000
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
250
200
100
0
160
11.2
125
11.8
20
Frequency [Hz]
The vibration reduction index : Kij
The vibration reduction index, Kij
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
Frequency [Hz]
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
0
250
30.3
40
200
Single value [dB] :
45
160
K13
23.9
29.4
26.2
27.4
32.3
28.8
27.2
28.0
30.6
31.4
32.4
35.0
37.2
37.9
38.4
39.4
42.4
45.4
125
Frequency [Hz]
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
50
100
ρ' [kg/m²] :
Wall 3
Kij [dB]
S [m²] :
Wall 1
30
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 6/9
Kij for the transmission path 2- 3 : Result
Kij
CASE 05
TEST CASE :
Direction averaged velocity level difference : Dvij,bid
Test name :
Test date :
K23
Direction averaged velocity level difference
02/02/2007
30
25
Dvij [dB]
20
315.0
155.1
B [Nm]:
1.73E+07
1.28E+06
fci [Hz] :
78.4
202.5
n [1/Hz]:
0.04
0.06
5
Dv23
Dv32
Dv23 bid
2500
3150
4000
5000
2500
3150
4000
5000
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
250
200
100
0
160
11.2
125
18.1
10
Frequency [Hz]
The vibration reduction index : Kij
The vibration reduction index, Kij
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
Frequency [Hz]
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
0
250
11.5
16
200
Single value [dB] :
18
160
K23
16.4
17.7
15.9
16.5
15.5
12.2
12.6
12.1
8.3
8.8
9.2
8.1
9.9
8.0
8.5
9.6
13.9
11.3
125
Frequency [Hz]
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
20
100
ρ' [kg/m²] :
Wall 3
Kij [dB]
S [m²] :
Floor 2
15
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Page 7/9
Annex 1 : MEASUREMENT METHODS
Measurement method to determine the vibration reduction index, Kij
General
The vibration reduction index Kij expresses, in a way, the attenuation of the power flow through a junction. The draft prEN ISO 10848-1 to 4 gives a
measurement method to obtain this index in laboratory.
The principle of measurement for Kij is based on tis formula :
The required quantities are the length of the junction lij [m], the direction averaged level difference [dB] and the equivalent absorption lengths ai [m]
and aj [m]. All these quantities are obtained by vibration measurements with structure-borne excitation. is obtained from the mean value of the
velocity level differences Dv,ij and Dv,ij. Dv,ij (Dv,ji) is the difference between the surface average velocity level of the wall i (j) and the wall j (i)
when the wall i (j) is excited at several points.
ai and ai are determined according to the measurement of the structural reverberation times Ts,i and Ts,j :
Sj is the surface area of the wall j [m²];
Tsj is the structural reverberation time of the wall i [s];
c0 is the speed of sound in air [m/s];
f is the current frequency [Hz];
fref is the reference frequency [fref = 1000 Hz].
Generation of vibration on the source element
Multiple hammer hits with approximately the same strength are given over an area of 1 m2 –2 m2 during a time period of 30 s.
Performance of the measurement
On each element (source and receiving plate) three (3) excitation positions and a twelve (12) transducer positions are be used. For each excitation
position four (4) different pairs of transducer positions is used on each element. All positions are randomly distributed over the surface of the element, bu
not symmetrical.
The transducer positions and excitation points shall be arranged using the following minimum distances:
· 0,5 m between excitation points and the test element boundaries;
· 1,0 m between excitation points and the junction under test;
· 1,0 m between excitation points and the associated transducer positions;
· 0,25 m between transducer positions and the test element boundaries;
· 0,5 m between the individual transducer positions.
The maximum distance between transducer positions and the junction under test is 3,5 m.
In each frequency band the measured velocity level shall be at least 10 dB higher than the background noise level. in any frequency band. If this is not
fulfilled, corrections shall be applied as shown in EN ISO 140-3. The correction value must not exceed 1,3 dB.
Measurement method to determine the structural reverberation time, Ts
Ts is the structural reverberation time of a wall [s]. It represents the time that would be required for the velocity or acceleration level in a structure
to decrease by 60 dB after the structure-borne sound source has stopped.
The hammer excitation method is used. Different masses and materials are used for an impact hammer because different material
leads to different excitations in frequency bands.
Measurement and excitation points
At least three excitation points shall be used on the test element. At least three transducer positions shall be used for each excitation point.
The transducer positions and the excitation points shall be arranged using the following minimum distances:
· 0,5 m between transducer positions and the test element boundaries;
· 1 m between the excitation point and the associated transducer positions;
· 0,5 m between the individual transducer positions.
The measurement points shall be randomly distributed over the test element.
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Page 8/9
Annex 2 : Checking the measurement conditions
TEST CASE :
CASE 05
1. Weak coupling : the measured Kij may not be relevant due to strong coupling
f(Hz)
Path 1-2
Path 1-3
Path 2-3
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
2. Diffuse vibration fields : if the measured velocity level decreases by more than 6 dB over the allowed measurement area for any elemen
of the tested junction, when the accelerometer is moved away from a stationary vibration source, then the measured Kij may not be
relevant.
f(Hz)
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
K12
Wall 1
Floor 2
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
OK
K13
Wall 1 Wall 3
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
K23
Floor 2
Wall 3
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
3. Background noise : in each frequency band the measured velocity level shall be at least 10 dB higher than the background noise level.
f(Hz)
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
K12
Wall 1
Wall 1
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
K13
Wall 1 Wall 3
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
K23
Floor 2
Wall 3
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Page 9/9
Annex 2 : Checking the measurement conditions
CASE 05
TEST CASE :
4. Number of modes in the 1/3 octave band, N : the mode count in 1/3 octave should be higher than 5 modes
f(Hz)
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
Wall 1
1.5
1.9
2.4
3.0
3.7
4.7
6.0
7.5
9.4
12.0
15.0
18.7
23.9
29.9
37.4
47.1
59.8
74.8
Floor 2
0.9
1.1
1.4
1.8
2.2
2.8
3.5
4.4
5.6
7.1
8.9
11.1
14.2
17.7
22.2
27.9
35.5
44.4
Wall 3
1.4
1.8
2.3
2.8
3.6
4.5
5.7
7.1
9.0
11.4
14.2
17.8
22.8
28.4
35.6
44.8
56.9
71.1
X
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.4
1.7
2.2
2.7
3.4
4.3
5.4
6.8
8.6
10.8
13.5
17.0
21.6
27.0
X
1.4
1.8
2.3
2.8
3.6
4.5
5.7
7.1
9.0
11.4
14.2
17.8
22.8
28.4
35.6
44.8
56.9
71.1
X
1.5
1.9
2.4
3.0
3.7
4.7
6.0
7.5
9.4
12.0
15.0
18.7
23.9
29.9
37.4
47.1
59.8
74.8
5. Modal overlap factor, M : for heavy element, it must be checked whether the modal overlap factor is at least unity at 250 Hz and
higher
f(Hz)
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
Wall 1
0.16
0.25
0.30
0.40
0.29
0.45
0.49
0.55
0.62
0.80
0.80
0.95
1.10
1.30
1.79
2.04
2.39
2.39
Floor 2
0.09
0.13
0.19
0.19
0.33
0.37
0.39
0.61
0.61
0.57
0.77
0.85
0.77
1.21
1.41
0.94
1.41
1.70
Wall 3
0.10
0.11
0.10
0.19
0.25
0.33
0.33
0.47
0.68
0.80
0.97
1.24
1.36
1.51
1.51
1.94
2.72
2.72
X
0.06
0.07
0.11
0.10
0.08
0.16
0.13
0.11
0.14
0.18
0.22
0.22
0.27
0.29
0.30
0.37
0.43
0.52
X
0.18
0.11
0.09
0.16
0.17
0.17
0.20
0.18
0.17
0.19
0.28
0.30
0.38
0.59
0.91
1.05
1.36
1.51
X
0.29
0.27
0.35
0.46
0.33
0.46
0.55
0.55
0.62
0.72
0.80
0.89
1.02
1.43
1.79
1.79
2.04
2.39
TEST 05 : 02/02/2007
f
K13_05
K32_05
K12_05
[Hz]
50
63
80
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
23,93754 16,38587 21,18282
29,41427 17,71427 18,23542
26,21946 15,85124 21,817
27,42195 16,51752 19,63195
32,31476 15,47308 20,64306
28,81169 12,17389 19,8123
27,17327 12,56521 21,076
27,9754 12,12886 22,54192
30,59347 8,304231 25,12265
31,37481 8,812806 27,37508
32,37581 9,211284 28,96226
35,01986 8,134929 32,23731
37,20003 9,930635 34,08314
37,9423 7,959277 35,72431
38,44117 8,521378 37,02642
39,4284 9,594514 37,81028
42,41976 13,87973 38,24224
45,35106 11,32873 39,77611
ingle valu30,3401 11,4802 24,1558
CSTC
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
WTCB
Tel : (32) 2 7164211
Offices : B-1932 Sint-Stevens-Woluwe, Lozenberg 7
Page 1/8
www.bbri.be
Measurement of the vibration reduction index Kij
TEST CASE : CASE 06 (150 bars in the jacks and period of load of 1 week)
Requested by : Wienerberger NV
Test adress :
Contact company : Luc Vasseur
BBRI :
B. Ingelaere
Wienerberger NV Steenbakkersdam 10 in Beerse
General informations
Test name :
Applied standard:
Date test :
Date report :
Responsable test :
Collaboration :
Excitation source :
Excitation type :
K12, K13
Pr EN 10848-1 and 4
27/04/2007
03/05/2007
Charlotte Crispin
Lieven De Geetere/ Nicolas Duprez
Hammer
Stationary structure-borne
Junction informations
Junction description : A T-junction with flexible interlayers: the vertical walls are made of bricks
(type : Silentbrick, thickness : 0.14m) and interrupted by horizontal hollowcore
slabs. A resilient joint is placed between the slabs and wall 1.
Junction lenght [m] :
4.17
Wall informations
Wall 1
Designation
ρ [kg/m³]
Width [m]
Length [m]
Thickness d [m]
Edyn [N/m²]
μ
Junction diagram
Bricks
1108
4.2
2.8
0.14
5.60E+09
0.15
Floor 2
Hollow
slabs
1575
4.5
4.2
0.20
2.60E+10
0.2
Wall 3
X
Bricks
1108
4.4
2.6
0.14
5.60E+09
0.15
Sol béton
1000
3.0
2.1
0.14
1.10E+10
0.01
X
X
X
Precast
Bricks
Bricks
concrete
1108
1108
2300
4.4
4.2
4.35
2.6
2.8
4.16
0.14
0.14
0.2
5.60E+09 5.60E+09 2.60E+10
0.15
0.15
0.2
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Page 2/8
Measurement apparatus and tests cells
TEST CASE : CASE 06 (150 bars in the jacks and period of load of 1 week)
Test equipment
Accelerometers :
A real time analyser :
Accelerometer calibrator :
Excitation source :
Computer + software :
Dytran (sensitivity : 1000mV/g)
01dB Orchestra (8 channels), 01dB Symphonie (2 channels)
B&K Type 4294
Hammer
dBFA32 v4.8, dBBATI32 v4.8
Test cells and mounting description
Test adress : Wienerberger NV Steenbakkersdam 10 in Beerse
Mounting description : A T-junction with flexible interlayers: the vertical walls are made of Silentbrick (thickness : 0.14m)
and interrupted by 4 perpendicular hollowcore slabs. Wall n°1 is plastered on the CEL1 side. The
resilient joint is placed between the slabs and wall 1. The resilient joint is a resinbonded rubber
from CDM with a thickness of 0.01 m and a width of 0.14 m. A system of steel beams and
pneumatic jacks loads the vertical walls with a pressure of 150 bars in the pneumatic jacks after a
period of load (190 bars) of 1 week.
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Page 3/8
The structural reverberation time
Ts
TEST CASE :
CASE 06 (150 bars in the jacks and period of load of 1 week)
Wall 1
Floor 2
Wall 3
X
X
X
X
X
100
0.93
1.32
2.34
0.91
0.76
0.5
0.79
0.91
125
160
200
250
315
0.38
0.45
0.49
0.31
0.38
0.28
0.25
0.24
0.22
0.18
0.17
0.14
0.11
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.06
1.16
1.17
0.78
0.51
0.52
0.48
0.32
0.32
0.53
0.26
0.24
0.15
0.12
0.07
0.07
0.08
0.05
2.75
1.64
1.22
1.21
1.17
0.75
0.54
0.76
0.69
0.5
0.45
0.25
0.17
0.13
0.14
0.1
0.1
0.72
0.46
0.5
0.61
0.32
0.39
0.45
0.36
0.29
0.23
0.23
0.19
0.18
0.17
0.14
0.12
0.1
1.23
1.6
0.84
0.79
0.82
0.68
0.77
0.82
0.73
0.49
0.46
0.36
0.23
0.15
0.13
0.1
0.09
0.54
0.41
0.31
0.43
0.31
0.26
0.26
0.23
0.2
0.18
0.16
0.14
0.1
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.63
0.57
0.56
0.34
0.29
0.23
0.24
0.18
0.13
0.11
0.09
0.13
0.08
0.07
0.09
0.07
0.06
0.72
0.46
0.5
0.61
0.32
0.39
0.45
0.36
0.29
0.23
0.23
0.19
0.18
0.17
0.14
0.12
0.1
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
ηtot
The total loss factor
Wall 1 Floor 2 Wall 3 X
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
0.024
0.046
0.031
0.022
0.028
0.018
0.020
0.018
0.015
0.013
0.012
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.011
0.010
0.009
0.007
0.017
0.015
0.012
0.014
0.017
0.013
0.011
0.014
0.011
0.005
0.008
0.007
0.009
0.009
0.013
0.010
0.007
0.009
0.009
0.006
0.008
0.009
0.007
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.005
0.006
0.004
0.024
0.024
0.030
0.022
0.014
0.022
0.014
0.010
0.010
0.009
0.010
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.004
X
0.029
0.014
0.009
0.013
0.011
0.009
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.005
0.006
0.005
X
0.044
0.033
0.034
0.035
0.020
0.023
0.021
0.017
0.015
0.014
0.012
0.011
0.010
0.011
0.011
0.009
0.008
0.007
X
0.028
0.028
0.024
0.020
0.026
0.024
0.024
0.018
0.019
0.021
0.020
0.020
0.011
0.014
0.013
0.008
0.008
0.007
X
0.024
0.024
0.030
0.022
0.014
0.022
0.014
0.010
0.010
0.009
0.010
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.004
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Page 4/8
Kij for the transmission path 1- 2 : Result
Kij
TEST CASE : CASE 06 (150 bars in the jacks and period of load of 1 week)
Direction averaged velocity level difference : Dvij,bid
Test name :
Test date :
K12
Direction averaged velocity level difference
27/04/2007
50
45
40
35
Dvij [dB]
30
25
20
15
155.1
315.0
B [Nm]:
1.28E+06
1.73E+07
fci [Hz] :
202.5
78.4
n [1/Hz]:
0.07
0.04
10
Dv12
Dv21
5
Dv12 bid
2500
3150
4000
5000
2500
3150
4000
5000
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
250
200
100
0
160
18.7
125
Floor 2
11.8
Frequency [Hz]
The vibration reduction index : Kij
The vibration reduction index, Kij
20
15
10
5
Frequency [Hz]
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
0
250
21.3
25
200
Single value [dB] :
30
160
K12
16.3
16.9
19.1
20.2
17.6
21.5
21.2
21.0
21.2
23.6
22.3
23.1
27.9
28.0
27.6
28.3
31.2
31.7
125
Frequency [Hz]
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
35
100
ρ' [kg/m²] :
Wall 1
Kij [dB]
S [m²] :
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 5/8
Kij for the transmission path 1- 3 : Result
Kij
TEST CASE : CASE 06 (150 bars in the jacks and period of load of 1 week)
Direction averaged velocity level difference : Dvij,bid
Test name :
Test date :
K13
Direction averaged velocity level difference
27/04/2007
50
45
40
35
Dvij [dB]
30
25
20
15
155.1
155.1
B [Nm]:
1.28E+06
1.28E+06
fci [Hz] :
202.5
202.5
n [1/Hz]:
0.07
0.06
10
Dv13
Dv31
5
Dv13 bid
2500
3150
4000
5000
2500
3150
4000
5000
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
250
200
100
0
160
11.2
125
Wall 3
11.8
Frequency [Hz]
The vibration reduction index : Kij
The vibration reduction index, Kij
30
25
20
15
10
5
Frequency [Hz]
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
0
250
26.2
35
200
Single value [dB] :
40
160
K13
18.3
22.6
24.4
25.0
26.1
26.5
22.2
23.8
29.5
28.0
28.0
26.2
28.5
29.5
31.2
33.9
36.9
39.7
125
Frequency [Hz]
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
45
100
ρ' [kg/m²] :
Wall 1
Kij [dB]
S [m²] :
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 6/8
Annex 1 : MEASUREMENT METHODS
Measurement method to determine the vibration reduction index, Kij
General
The vibration reduction index Kij expresses, in a way, the attenuation of the power flow through a junction. The draft prEN ISO 10848-1 to 4 gives a
measurement method to obtain this index in laboratory.
The principle of measurement for Kij is based on tis formula :
The required quantities are the length of the junction lij [m], the direction averaged level difference [dB] and the equivalent absorption lengths ai [m]
and aj [m]. All these quantities are obtained by vibration measurements with structure-borne excitation. is obtained from the mean value of the
velocity level differences Dv,ij and Dv,ij. Dv,ij (Dv,ji) is the difference between the surface average velocity level of the wall i (j) and the wall j (i)
when the wall i (j) is excited at several points.
ai and ai are determined according to the measurement of the structural reverberation times Ts,i and Ts,j :
Sj is the surface area of the wall j [m²];
Tsj is the structural reverberation time of the wall i [s];
c0 is the speed of sound in air [m/s];
f is the current frequency [Hz];
fref is the reference frequency [fref = 1000 Hz].
Generation of vibration on the source element
Multiple hammer hits with approximately the same strength are given over an area of 1 m2 –2 m2 during a time period of 30 s.
Performance of the measurement
On each element (source and receiving plate) three (3) excitation positions and a twelve (12) transducer positions are be used. For each excitation
position four (4) different pairs of transducer positions is used on each element. All positions are randomly distributed over the surface of the element, bu
not symmetrical.
The transducer positions and excitation points shall be arranged using the following minimum distances:
· 0,5 m between excitation points and the test element boundaries;
· 1,0 m between excitation points and the junction under test;
· 1,0 m between excitation points and the associated transducer positions;
· 0,25 m between transducer positions and the test element boundaries;
· 0,5 m between the individual transducer positions.
The maximum distance between transducer positions and the junction under test is 3,5 m.
In each frequency band the measured velocity level shall be at least 10 dB higher than the background noise level. in any frequency band. If this is not
fulfilled, corrections shall be applied as shown in EN ISO 140-3. The correction value must not exceed 1,3 dB.
Measurement method to determine the structural reverberation time, Ts
Ts is the structural reverberation time of a wall [s]. It represents the time that would be required for the velocity or acceleration level in a structure
to decrease by 60 dB after the structure-borne sound source has stopped.
The hammer excitation method is used. Different masses and materials are used for an impact hammer because different material
leads to different excitations in frequency bands.
Measurement and excitation points
At least three excitation points shall be used on the test element. At least three transducer positions shall be used for each excitation point.
The transducer positions and the excitation points shall be arranged using the following minimum distances:
· 0,5 m between transducer positions and the test element boundaries;
· 1 m between the excitation point and the associated transducer positions;
· 0,5 m between the individual transducer positions.
The measurement points shall be randomly distributed over the test element.
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 7/8
Annex 2 : Checking the measurement conditions
TEST CASE :
CASE 06 (150 bars in the jacks and period of load of 1 week)
1. Weak coupling : the measured Kij may not be relevant due to strong coupling
f(Hz)
Path 1-2
Path 1-3
Path 2-3
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
2. Diffuse vibration fields : if the measured velocity level decreases by more than 6 dB over the allowed measurement area for any elemen
of the tested junction, when the accelerometer is moved away from a stationary vibration source, then the measured Kij may not be
relevant.
f(Hz)
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
K12
Wall 1
Floor 2
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
OK
K13
Wall 1 Wall 3
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
K23
Floor 2
Wall 3
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
3. Background noise : in each frequency band the measured velocity level shall be at least 10 dB higher than the background noise level.
f(Hz)
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
K12
Wall 1
Wall 1
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
K13
Wall 1 Wall 3
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
K23
Floor 2
Wall 3
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 8/8
Annex 2 : Checking the measurement conditions
TEST CASE :
CASE 06 (150 bars in the jacks and period of load of 1 week)
4. Number of modes in the 1/3 octave band, N : the mode count in 1/3 octave should be higher than 5 modes
f(Hz)
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
Wall 1
1.5
1.9
2.4
3.0
3.7
4.7
6.0
7.5
9.4
12.0
15.0
18.7
23.9
29.9
37.4
47.1
59.8
74.8
Floor 2
0.9
1.1
1.5
1.8
2.3
2.9
3.7
4.6
5.8
7.3
9.2
11.4
14.7
18.3
22.9
28.8
36.6
45.8
Wall 3
1.4
1.8
2.3
2.8
3.6
4.5
5.7
7.1
9.0
11.4
14.2
17.8
22.8
28.4
35.6
44.8
56.9
71.1
X
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.4
1.7
2.2
2.7
3.4
4.3
5.4
6.8
8.6
10.8
13.5
17.0
21.6
27.0
X
1.4
1.8
2.3
2.8
3.6
4.5
5.7
7.1
9.0
11.4
14.2
17.8
22.8
28.4
35.6
44.8
56.9
71.1
X
1.5
1.9
2.4
3.0
3.7
4.7
6.0
7.5
9.4
12.0
15.0
18.7
23.9
29.9
37.4
47.1
59.8
74.8
5. Modal overlap factor, M : for heavy element, it must be checked whether the modal overlap factor is at least unity at 250 Hz and
higher
f(Hz)
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
Wall 1
0.15
0.38
0.32
0.29
0.46
0.38
0.51
0.57
0.60
0.65
0.80
0.84
1.02
1.30
1.79
2.04
2.39
2.39
Floor 2
0.07
0.08
0.07
0.11
0.17
0.17
0.18
0.27
0.27
0.17
0.34
0.36
0.58
0.73
1.25
1.25
1.09
1.75
Wall 3
0.06
0.05
0.08
0.11
0.11
0.12
0.18
0.25
0.18
0.20
0.27
0.30
0.54
0.80
1.05
0.97
1.36
1.36
X
0.06
0.07
0.11
0.10
0.08
0.16
0.13
0.11
0.14
0.18
0.22
0.22
0.27
0.29
0.30
0.37
0.43
0.52
X
0.18
0.11
0.09
0.16
0.17
0.17
0.20
0.18
0.17
0.19
0.28
0.30
0.38
0.59
0.91
1.05
1.36
1.51
X
0.29
0.27
0.35
0.46
0.33
0.46
0.55
0.55
0.62
0.72
0.80
0.89
1.02
1.43
1.79
1.79
2.04
2.39
TEST 06 : 08/03/2007
10 bars
50 bars
f
K13_06_10
K32_06_10
K12_06_10
f
K13_06_50
K32_06_50
K12_06_50
f
[Hz]
50
63
80
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
Single value
43,63787665
37,53735565
[Hz]
50
63
80
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
30,4276243
25,20794193
Single value
25,95138063
26,43858274
15,23138681
18,76163778
24,95679548
28,75703244
34,4290867
19,41559968
19,14567372
23,02730115
32,15057456
22,37309799
27,02585543
24,00769171
25,33265951
23,96444331
33,85881067
30,71836739
31,48897027
27,09497638
26,94171619
28,18050262
33,04682325
33,01263857
33,13431208
29,1765128
33,2577886
33,26809798
35,16410614
38,49293772
40,90081643
33,35594303
36,48712837
37,46781893
TEST 06 : 16/04/2007
100 bars
41,4458919
37,3436919
[Hz]
50
63
80
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
28,11484912
23,90951351
Single value
19,99751053
22,90849157
14,29938899
17,72792351
27,04749375
26,30376141
32,2113551
19,10622981
20,58401837
19,34078325
28,37164241
21,64718529
23,49794114
22,0431645
24,18120308
24,96981634
30,64989582
30,52304374
30,0406514
25,60709743
24,55397153
26,52037692
29,78816582
30,52264462
31,05854059
27,38519015
30,70828021
30,41492683
33,2484406
36,58925092
40,4744266
31,99609979
34,43043275
36,82204866
K13_06_100 K32_06_100
[dB]
[dB]
150 bars
225 bars
K12_06_100
f
K13_06_150
K32_06_150
K12_06_150
f
K13_06_225
K32_06_225
K12_06_225
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
[dB]
18,0678502
21,57215574
14,41147
14,56919243
15,4165184
16,13233762
20,06351906
24,05586984
27,12238121
12,7601982
12,14626188
13,49250335
17,39005544
18,45095963
19,85494274
27,64826115
22,44848611
23,64518619
14,23055138
13,96726271
13,31281309
21,68692157
21,38060289
22,33831111
27,88232113
28,53509051
27,36337753
13,08305714
14,40586772
13,44926102
22,7763608
24,14373936
25,95409928
28,00527259
29,23650918
29,91108591
12,4973033
10,96523498
8,457059133
25,83584569
26,77394765
25,82299123
31,34520608
36,19867271
38,55556515
7,833592228
11,30053005
17,55617321
26,63540294
29,44269101
30,78044515
40,11509227
34,00950785
[Hz]
50
63
80
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
26,010168
21,80679647
Single value
14,50854351
21,47307794
14,28594303
17,00562229
24,4672568
24,86838879
26,06227433
15,23149985
18,4823345
18,03226548
27,37999246
20,72672219
20,5190646
20,01336529
20,77064745
21,57867838
28,4460562
29,49137367
28,37564044
24,00004879
23,43383518
25,06193629
28,22199932
29,84149861
29,56287674
24,88805689
28,47245001
29,15670902
30,57206389
35,00953423
38,48010488
28,21560001
31,37451998
33,69674668
Avec charge appliquée sur la paroi 3
33,4023898
32,76974317
[Hz]
50
63
80
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
25,39478238
21,60552775
Single value
16,74088123
22,97875737
13,08551839
16,76461484
22,65173466
23,75733238
25,67292355
16,72066067
20,38354355
16,21841454
25,44971906
20,19098953
22,36418465
19,0608328
22,86769565
21,34297059
28,25948888
28,34710485
27,18858097
24,0657782
22,69974306
23,22188473
27,32271752
27,44083993
27,31423547
24,58888666
28,14063819
28,05340484
29,3315068
33,08568585
35,34237621
27,49715447
31,09388546
32,57769395
38,85454548
15,11880732
30,76397111
26,30069403
13,39832018
22,49130923
CSTC
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
WTCB
Tel : (32) 2 7164211
Offices : B-1932 Sint-Stevens-Woluwe, Lozenberg 7
Page 1/8
www.bbri.be
Measurement of the vibration reduction index Kij
TEST CASE : CASE 07 (with 150 bars in the pneumatic jacks)
Requested by : Wienerberger NV
Test adress :
Contact company : Luc Vasseur
BBRI :
B. Ingelaere
Wienerberger NV Steenbakkersdam 10 in Beerse
General informations
Test name :
Applied standard:
Date test :
Date report :
Responsable test :
Collaboration :
Excitation source :
Excitation type :
K12, K13
Pr EN 10848-1 and 4
16/05/2007
21/05/2007
Charlotte Crispin
Debby Wuyts/ Nicolas Duprez
Hammer
Stationary structure-borne
Junction informations
Junction description : A T-junction with two flexible interlayers : the vertical walls are made of
bricks (thickness : 0.14m) and they are interrupted by horizontal hollowcore
slabs. Resilient joints are placed between the slabs and the walls.
Junction lenght [m] :
4.17
Wall informations
Wall 1
Designation
ρ [kg/m³]
Width [m]
Length [m]
Thickness d [m]
Edyn [N/m²]
μ
Junction diagram
Bricks
1108
4.2
2.8
0.14
5.60E+09
0.15
Floor 2
Hollow
slabs
1575
4.5
4.2
0.20
2.60E+10
0.2
Wall 3
X
Bricks
1108
4.4
2.6
0.14
5.60E+09
0.15
Sol béton
1000
3.0
2.1
0.14
1.10E+10
0.01
X
X
X
Precast
Bricks
Bricks
concrete
1108
1108
2300
4.4
4.2
4.35
2.6
2.8
4.16
0.14
0.14
0.2
5.60E+09 5.60E+09 2.60E+10
0.15
0.15
0.2
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 2/8
Measurement apparatus and tests cells
TEST CASE : CASE 07 (with 150 bars in the pneumatic jacks)
Test equipment
Accelerometers :
A real time analyser :
Accelerometer calibrator :
Excitation source :
Computer + software :
Dytran (sensitivity : 1000mV/g)
01dB Orchestra (8 channels), 01dB Symphonie (2 channels)
B&K Type 4294
Hammer
dBFA32 v4.8, dBBATI32 v4.8
Test cells and mounting description
Test adress : Wienerberger NV Steenbakkersdam 10 in Beerse
Mounting description : A T-junction with two flexible interlayers: the vertical walls are made of Silentbrick (thickness :
0.14m) and they are interrupted by 4 perpendicular hollowcore slabs. Wall n°1 is plastered on the
CEL1 side. A resilient joint is placed between the slabs and wall 1. The other is placed between the
slabs and wall 3. The resilient joint is a resinbonded rubber from CDM with a thickness of 0.01 m
and a width of 0.14 m. A system of steel beams and pneumatic jacks loads the vertical walls to
simulate different storeys.
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 3/8
The structural reverberation time
Ts
TEST CASE : CASE 07 (with 150 bars in the pneumatic jacks)
Wall 1
Floor 2
Wall 3
X
X
X
X
X
100
0.5
0.78
0.76
0.91
0.76
0.5
0.79
0.91
125
160
200
250
315
0.54
0.41
0.31
0.43
0.31
0.26
0.26
0.23
0.2
0.18
0.16
0.14
0.1
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.95
0.49
0.57
0.21
0.26
0.23
0.16
0.19
0.17
0.1
0.09
0.11
0.07
0.06
0.09
0.07
0.06
1.23
1.6
0.84
0.79
0.82
0.68
0.77
0.82
0.73
0.49
0.46
0.36
0.23
0.15
0.13
0.1
0.09
0.72
0.46
0.5
0.61
0.32
0.39
0.45
0.36
0.29
0.23
0.23
0.19
0.18
0.17
0.14
0.12
0.1
1.23
1.6
0.84
0.79
0.82
0.68
0.77
0.82
0.73
0.49
0.46
0.36
0.23
0.15
0.13
0.1
0.09
0.54
0.41
0.31
0.43
0.31
0.26
0.26
0.23
0.2
0.18
0.16
0.14
0.1
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.63
0.57
0.56
0.34
0.29
0.23
0.24
0.18
0.13
0.11
0.09
0.13
0.08
0.07
0.09
0.07
0.06
0.72
0.46
0.5
0.61
0.32
0.39
0.45
0.36
0.29
0.23
0.23
0.19
0.18
0.17
0.14
0.12
0.1
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
ηtot
The total loss factor
Wall 1 Floor 2 Wall 3 X
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
0.044
0.033
0.034
0.035
0.020
0.023
0.021
0.017
0.015
0.014
0.012
0.011
0.010
0.011
0.011
0.009
0.008
0.007
0.028
0.019
0.028
0.019
0.042
0.027
0.024
0.028
0.018
0.016
0.022
0.020
0.013
0.016
0.015
0.008
0.008
0.007
0.029
0.014
0.009
0.013
0.011
0.009
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.005
0.006
0.005
0.024
0.024
0.030
0.022
0.014
0.022
0.014
0.010
0.010
0.009
0.010
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.004
X
0.029
0.014
0.009
0.013
0.011
0.009
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.005
0.006
0.005
X
0.044
0.033
0.034
0.035
0.020
0.023
0.021
0.017
0.015
0.014
0.012
0.011
0.010
0.011
0.011
0.009
0.008
0.007
X
0.028
0.028
0.024
0.020
0.026
0.024
0.024
0.018
0.019
0.021
0.020
0.020
0.011
0.014
0.013
0.008
0.008
0.007
X
0.024
0.024
0.030
0.022
0.014
0.022
0.014
0.010
0.010
0.009
0.010
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.004
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 4/8
Kij for the transmission path 1- 2 : Result
Kij
TEST CASE : CASE 07 (with 150 bars in the pneumatic jacks)
Direction averaged velocity level difference : Dvij,bid
Test name :
Test date :
K12
Direction averaged velocity level difference
16/05/2007
45
40
35
Dvij [dB]
30
25
20
15
Wall 1
Floor 2
S [m²] :
11.8
18.7
ρ' [kg/m²] :
155.1
315.0
B [Nm]:
1.28E+06
1.73E+07
fci [Hz] :
202.5
78.4
n [1/Hz]:
0.07
0.04
10
Dv12
Dv21
5
Dv12 bid
2500
3150
4000
5000
2500
3150
4000
5000
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
250
200
160
125
100
0
Frequency [Hz]
The vibration reduction index : Kij
The vibration reduction index, Kij
20
15
10
5
Frequency [Hz]
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
250
200
0
160
18.6
25
125
Single value [dB] :
30
100
K12
12.7
15.4
19.9
17.0
17.9
18.9
17.4
19.3
18.7
18.6
20.1
19.2
21.4
23.7
25.3
27.3
28.1
29.3
Kij [dB]
Frequency [Hz]
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
35
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 5/8
Kij for the transmission path 1- 3 : Result
Kij
TEST CASE : CASE 07 (with 150 bars in the pneumatic jacks)
Direction averaged velocity level difference : Dvij,bid
Test name :
Test date :
K13
Direction averaged velocity level difference
16/05/2007
70
60
Dvij [dB]
50
20
155.1
155.1
B [Nm]:
1.28E+06
1.28E+06
fci [Hz] :
202.5
202.5
n [1/Hz]:
0.07
0.06
Dv13
10
Dv31
Dv13 bid
2500
3150
4000
5000
2500
3150
4000
5000
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
250
200
100
0
160
11.2
125
Wall 3
11.8
Frequency [Hz]
The vibration reduction index : Kij
The vibration reduction index, Kij
30
20
10
Frequency [Hz]
2000
1600
1250
1000
800
630
500
400
315
0
250
35.0
40
200
Single value [dB] :
50
160
K13
15.7
20.6
28.8
27.0
31.8
35.2
30.6
30.9
37.6
40.5
39.0
42.2
43.5
47.5
49.3
51.2
53.4
53.8
125
Frequency [Hz]
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
60
100
ρ' [kg/m²] :
Wall 1
30
Kij [dB]
S [m²] :
40
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 6/8
Annex 1 : MEASUREMENT METHODS
Measurement method to determine the vibration reduction index, Kij
General
The vibration reduction index Kij expresses, in a way, the attenuation of the power flow through a junction. The draft prEN ISO 10848-1 to 4 gives a
measurement method to obtain this index in laboratory.
The principle of measurement for Kij is based on tis formula :
The required quantities are the length of the junction lij [m], the direction averaged level difference [dB] and the equivalent absorption lengths ai [m]
and aj [m]. All these quantities are obtained by vibration measurements with structure-borne excitation. is obtained from the mean value of the
velocity level differences Dv,ij and Dv,ij. Dv,ij (Dv,ji) is the difference between the surface average velocity level of the wall i (j) and the wall j (i)
when the wall i (j) is excited at several points.
ai and ai are determined according to the measurement of the structural reverberation times Ts,i and Ts,j :
Sj is the surface area of the wall j [m²];
Tsj is the structural reverberation time of the wall i [s];
c0 is the speed of sound in air [m/s];
f is the current frequency [Hz];
fref is the reference frequency [fref = 1000 Hz].
Generation of vibration on the source element
Multiple hammer hits with approximately the same strength are given over an area of 1 m2 –2 m2 during a time period of 30 s.
Performance of the measurement
On each element (source and receiving plate) three (3) excitation positions and a twelve (12) transducer positions are be used. For each excitation
position four (4) different pairs of transducer positions is used on each element. All positions are randomly distributed over the surface of the element, bu
not symmetrical.
The transducer positions and excitation points shall be arranged using the following minimum distances:
· 0,5 m between excitation points and the test element boundaries;
· 1,0 m between excitation points and the junction under test;
· 1,0 m between excitation points and the associated transducer positions;
· 0,25 m between transducer positions and the test element boundaries;
· 0,5 m between the individual transducer positions.
The maximum distance between transducer positions and the junction under test is 3,5 m.
In each frequency band the measured velocity level shall be at least 10 dB higher than the background noise level. in any frequency band. If this is not
fulfilled, corrections shall be applied as shown in EN ISO 140-3. The correction value must not exceed 1,3 dB.
Measurement method to determine the structural reverberation time, Ts
Ts is the structural reverberation time of a wall [s]. It represents the time that would be required for the velocity or acceleration level in a structure
to decrease by 60 dB after the structure-borne sound source has stopped.
The hammer excitation method is used. Different masses and materials are used for an impact hammer because different material
leads to different excitations in frequency bands.
Measurement and excitation points
At least three excitation points shall be used on the test element. At least three transducer positions shall be used for each excitation point.
The transducer positions and the excitation points shall be arranged using the following minimum distances:
· 0,5 m between transducer positions and the test element boundaries;
· 1 m between the excitation point and the associated transducer positions;
· 0,5 m between the individual transducer positions.
The measurement points shall be randomly distributed over the test element.
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 7/8
Annex 2 : Checking the measurement conditions
TEST CASE :
CASE 07 (with 150 bars in the pneumatic jacks)
1. Weak coupling : the measured Kij may not be relevant due to strong coupling
f(Hz)
Path 1-2
Path 1-3
Path 2-3
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
2. Diffuse vibration fields : if the measured velocity level decreases by more than 6 dB over the allowed measurement area for any elemen
of the tested junction, when the accelerometer is moved away from a stationary vibration source, then the measured Kij may not be
relevant.
f(Hz)
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
K12
Wall 1
Floor 2
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
K13
Wall 1 Wall 3
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
OK
NOK
NOK
OK
K23
Floor 2
Wall 3
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
NOK
NOK
NOK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
3. Background noise : in each frequency band the measured velocity level shall be at least 10 dB higher than the background noise level.
f(Hz)
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
K12
Wall 1
Wall 1
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
K13
Wall 1 Wall 3
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
OK
NOK
K23
Floor 2
Wall 3
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
BELGIAN BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE
INSTITUTION RECOGNIZED BY APPLICATION OF THE DECREE-LAW OF THE 30th OF JANUARY 1947
Page 8/8
Annex 2 : Checking the measurement conditions
TEST CASE :
CASE 07 (with 150 bars in the pneumatic jacks)
4. Number of modes in the 1/3 octave band, N : the mode count in 1/3 octave should be higher than 5 modes
f(Hz)
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
Wall 1
1.5
1.9
2.4
3.0
3.7
4.7
6.0
7.5
9.4
12.0
15.0
18.7
23.9
29.9
37.4
47.1
59.8
74.8
Floor 2
0.9
1.1
1.5
1.8
2.3
2.9
3.7
4.6
5.8
7.3
9.2
11.4
14.7
18.3
22.9
28.8
36.6
45.8
Wall 3
1.4
1.8
2.3
2.8
3.6
4.5
5.7
7.1
9.0
11.4
14.2
17.8
22.8
28.4
35.6
44.8
56.9
71.1
X
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.4
1.7
2.2
2.7
3.4
4.3
5.4
6.8
8.6
10.8
13.5
17.0
21.6
27.0
X
1.4
1.8
2.3
2.8
3.6
4.5
5.7
7.1
9.0
11.4
14.2
17.8
22.8
28.4
35.6
44.8
56.9
71.1
X
1.5
1.9
2.4
3.0
3.7
4.7
6.0
7.5
9.4
12.0
15.0
18.7
23.9
29.9
37.4
47.1
59.8
74.8
5. Modal overlap factor, M : for heavy element, it must be checked whether the modal overlap factor is at least unity at 250 Hz and
higher
f(Hz)
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
Wall 1
0.29
0.27
0.35
0.46
0.33
0.46
0.55
0.55
0.62
0.72
0.80
0.89
1.02
1.43
1.79
1.79
2.04
2.39
Floor 2
0.11
0.09
0.18
0.15
0.42
0.34
0.38
0.55
0.46
0.52
0.88
0.97
0.80
1.25
1.46
0.97
1.25
1.46
Wall 3
0.18
0.11
0.09
0.16
0.17
0.17
0.20
0.18
0.17
0.19
0.28
0.30
0.38
0.59
0.91
1.05
1.36
1.51
X
0.06
0.07
0.11
0.10
0.08
0.16
0.13
0.11
0.14
0.18
0.22
0.22
0.27
0.29
0.30
0.37
0.43
0.52
X
0.18
0.11
0.09
0.16
0.17
0.17
0.20
0.18
0.17
0.19
0.28
0.30
0.38
0.59
0.91
1.05
1.36
1.51
X
0.29
0.27
0.35
0.46
0.33
0.46
0.55
0.55
0.62
0.72
0.80
0.89
1.02
1.43
1.79
1.79
2.04
2.39
2D
2C
1B
1A
dragende vloer 18 cm Beton
ZONDER ZWEVENDE VLOER (metingen van 22/10/2007)
DnT [dB]
Freq. (Hz)
2D/2C
50
26,5
63
38,2
80
37,3
100
36,8
125
31,2
160
34,1
200
35,2
250
38,6
315
42,1
400
47,6
500
48,9
630
48,7
800
49,7
1000
52,9
1250
55,4
1600
58,9
2000
63,0
2500
63,9
3150
64,8
4000
66,6
5000
70,4
DnT,w(C;Ctr) 50(-1;-5)
2D/1B
29,3
28,8
31,9
32,8
40,4
32,6
37,5
42,7
45,7
48,0
48,4
51,2
54,2
55,5
58,0
61,3
67,4
69,6
72,1
74,4
75,4
52(-1;-6)
2D/1A
36,1
49,2
53,9
49,5
45,5
45,5
46,6
51,0
52,2
53,2
54,9
54,8
58,3
59,5
63,0
65,0
69,5
72,2
74,7
77,6
78,3
59(-1;-4)
2C/2D
19,9
36,4
40,7
38,7
32,2
35,0
33,9
39,5
47,0
48,9
49,5
53,1
54,5
56,8
57,8
62,0
64,7
64,6
66,3
67,7
71,2
52(-2;-7)
2C/1A
32,3
31,7
38,3
39,4
41,6
31,0
39,5
42,7
48,2
49,5
52,2
54,6
56,5
59,1
62,9
65,2
69,1
71,4
74,9
77,2
78,1
54(-3;-7)
2C/1B
36,5
40,8
46,2
48,0
49,0
42,1
41,6
50,1
55,5
53,5
54,4
58,4
60,3
61,9
66,3
67,4
72,1
74,5
78,2
81,3
81,6
59(-1;-5)
dragende vloer 18 cm Beton
MET ZWEVENDE VLOER (metingen van 18/12/2007)
sonfloor 30mm & dekvloer 96 kg/m²
DnT [dB]
L'nT [dB]
was:
winst:
54(-3;-7)
7
52(-2;-7)
1
59(-1;-5)
6
cursief = WTCB meting
50(-1;-5)
4
58(-1.-4)
59(-1;-4)
6
52(-1;-6)
6
horizontaa
l beneden
vertikaal
diagonaal
horizontaa
l boven
diagonaal
horizontaa
l boven
vertkaal
Freq. (Hz)
2C/1A
2C/2D
2C/1B
2D/2C
2D/1A
2D/1B
1B/2D
1B/2C
1B/1A
1A/2C
1A/2D
1A/1B
50
25,8
22,4
27,9
21,5
42,2
32,7
25,0
25,9
19,8
30,7
44,7
31,2
63
23,0
30,5
38,5
27,8
33,4
19,2
18,4
37,2
43,2
26,5
43,1
37,6
80
40,2
45,0
42,3
35,5
51,5
30,9
40,2
43,0
46,6
36,3
56,2
41,2
100
43,1
35,1
43,6
36,1
45,7
33,8
42,5
47,6
42,8
41,4
46,2
37,7
125
45,4
32,6
51,2
32,1
50,8
40,9
45,3
52,0
29,0
47,7
50,5
29,6
160
44,1
36,7
50,6
38,2
48,1
32,5
38,9
50,6
47,9
45,4
49,2
46,3
200
47,1
35,9
45,3
37,5
47,6
42,3
43,9
50,4
45,1
48,7
50,4
45,4
250
51,6
39,2
52,7
38,5
56,2
49,2
43,4
53,3
50,9
47,4
54,7
50,9
315
52,9
43,9
58,7
45,4
58,4
54,9
57,8
64,2
54,7
56,3
60,6
55,3
400
53,8
49,0
58,4
52,1
59,9
56,8
60,0
65,8
58,3
60,1
62,5
58,6
500
56,8
51,4
61,6
53,5
58,6
54,5
61,5
65,2
59,4
60,4
65,2
58,8
630
61,4
54,3
64,9
55,3
62,3
60,2
65,6
68,5
59,4
64,6
67,0
59,3
800
65,9
54,5
68,0
55,7
68,1
65,9
68,5
71,9
60,7
68,4
67,5
60,8
1000
69,4
57,2
70,9
59,1
71,7
69,5
70,5
74,7
62,9
71,2
71,1
64,2
1250
70,4
57,7
74,8
56,9
73,8
70,5
69,4
77,0
67,0
70,1
71,7
66,9
1600
72,6
62,8
76,7
64,1
76,6
74,4
72,0
78,4
68,0
71,6
73,6
69,3
2000
75,7
65,8
80,0
66,1
78,3
78,8
76,9
81,2
71,2
73,3
75,2
71,8
2500
77,1
64,8
81,7
64,6
80,5
80,7
78,9
82,6
72,4
74,6
77,9
73,8
3150
81,4
64,3
85,9
65,3
84,9
85,6
83,6
87,2
76,9
79,2
82,5
78,1
4000
82,3
65,3
85,7
65,8
83,7
84,9
82,3
85,4
78,8
79,4
81,0
79,5
5000
80,8
68,9
82,1
68,8
80,2
81,2
78,0
80,6
77,0
76,3
76,5
76,4
DnT,w(C;Ctr) 61 (-1;-5) 53 (-3;-7) 65 (-3;-7) 54 (-3;-8) 65 (-2;-6) 58 (-5;-10) 61 (-4;-8) 68 (-2;-7) 60 (-6;-12) 63 (-2;-7) 67 (-2;-7) 60 (-6;-12)
55 (-1,-6)
5
Freq. (Hz)
50
63
80
100
125
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150
4000
5000
L'nT,w(Cl)
2C/1A
54,9
59,1
58,0
51,7
59,3
51,3
49,2
42,2
41,9
38,6
34,7
34,0
32,7
31,0
29,3
27,1
28,7
30,8
27,7
18,5
15,0
44(2)