Maryhill Road Fire - UK Fire Service Resources
Transcription
Maryhill Road Fire - UK Fire Service Resources
Maryhill Road Fire Written by Bob James. Station Officer (Retired) Glasgow Fire Service / Strathclyde Fire Brigade. Maryhill Road Fire – Glasgow, 18th November 1972 In 1972, as a 19-year-old Recruit Fireman with only a few months “under my belt” I was to witness a fire that took the life of a family friend, Alice “Trixi” Mulgrew and unbelievably the 8th Glasgow Fire Service fireman killed on duty in the space of only 11 weeks - Sub Officer Adrian McGill. The “Maryhill Road Fire” was one of those defining moments in a fire brigade’s history that although never to make national news, was to prove to be an incident demanding levels of effort and courage beyond what would be considered “normal day-to-day” requirements of a Glasgow fireman. For many Glaswegians the events of that crisp winter afternoon in 1972 are as vivid today as they were thirty-six years ago, they certainly are for me. The History of the Building Maryhill Road was and still remains one of the main arterial routes into the City of Glasgow since the 1700’s. The growth of the area was principally due to industry and communities springing up along its route, which in turn required increasing numbers of buildings for housing down its entire length. The inhabitants of Maryhill were principally working classes; many descended from immigrant Irish labourers or Highland Scots brought in to work on the fields, in the mills, or in later years to construct the Forth & Clyde Canal. Generation after generation of families and owners lived and worked in these buildings, many standing well over a hundred years and most with the minimum of on-going maintenance. Scheduled for demolition during Glasgow’s sweeping reconstruction period of the late 1960’s & early 1970’s, the whole area of St Georges Cross, located at the city end of Maryhill Road somehow managed to survive the town planners and bulldozers, even though many of the buildings were below the then accepted standard of adequate living conditions. Description of Surrounding Area & Layout of Building The part of Maryhill Road where the incident took place was close to the busy 5-road junction of St Georges Cross, one of the city’s main “West End” intersections. This junction was formed by Maryhill Road, Gt. Western Rd, New City Road and St George’s Rd (intersected itself into 2 parts by St George’s Cross). Picture shows St Georges Cross The range of buildings where the fire occurred was originally constructed in 1842, forming a “V” shaped section of the St. George’s Cross junction. In 1875, structural alterations extended the frontages of the shops forming the ground floor on Maryhill Road out beyond the original building line. Subsequent post-fire investigations were to reveal that the Victorian construction methods and Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 2 materials used not only created difficult fire fighting conditions, but the later 1875 alterations also aided the spread of fire with catastrophic consequences. Standing facing the building - looking across the busy Maryhill Road you would have seen a typical 19th century row of projecting shops with flat roofs the length of the block. Sitting behind the shops and above their flat roof was a row of tenement buildings; these two structural components both formed the one building as the shops ran under these tenements. Picture shows St Georges Cross at Maryhill Road On the Gt. Western Road side - the shop frontages were in line with the rest of the building, therefore no projecting fronts. Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 3 Picture shows Great Western Road at St Georges Cross A plan view of the building in question shows the block tapering down to a “V” shape, with the point of the V forming the junction of two parts of the 5-road intersection - on one side is Maryhill Road and on the other Gt. Western Road. Picture shows Maryhill Road & Great Western Road / Section Plan As the two rows of tenements converged towards St Georges Cross one of the shops closer to the point of the V – “Bruce’s Furniture Retailers” (see Outline Plan above) was a large shop having frontages on both Maryhill Road and Gt. Western Road. To give it its large size the shop was formed by constructing a “through and through” extension from 35 Maryhill Road, going under the Maryhill Road tenement, across the back court by means of an extension joining both tenement buildings, and then under the Gt. Western Road tenement to emerge as the Gt. Western Road side of Bruce’s Furniture Retailers. In the backcourt area of the two converging buildings the flat roof of this “through-and-through” extension formed a first floor, open drying area for the tenants. Events Prior to the Fire During the week leading up to the 18th November tradesmen had been working in the empty shop at 23/25 Maryhill Road refitting the interior for its new occupiers – Trident, an electrical goods retailer. At 27 Maryhill Road, next door to this shop, was the common close entrance to the three floors of tenement homes above the Trident shop and the other shop to the immediate right hand side of this common close. A little further down this row of shops were the now empty premises of Bruce’s Furniture Retailers. Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 4 Building Outline Plan – Maryhill Road perspective In the early hours of Saturday 18th (03.00) Mrs Antosik, who, with her friend Mrs Guy, was in the process of decorating her tenement flat mentioned she could smell smoke. However Mrs Guy was unable to smell the smoke. At 04.30 Mrs Antosik once again asked her friend if she could smell smoke, and once again Mrs Guy was unable - shortly afterwards Mrs Antosik retired to bed. On waking up later that Saturday morning she found her sense of smell had been so overpowered by the strong fumes off the fresh paint she thought no more about the earlier smell of smoke. 11.00: A resident in one of the upstairs tenement flats at 27 Maryhill Road wondered why on running her cold water tap that the water ran warm. Even though unusual in itself the woman understandably not realising the significance of this phenomena ran the water until it eventually became cold - no further thought was given. 11.45 Approximately: The Shields family in their 2nd floor flat at 27 Maryhill Road notice a smell of smoke and send their 10 year old daughter to investigate. The little girl goes down into the backcourt to discover smoke issuing from the ventilators on the rear wall of the Trident shop (23/25 Maryhill Road). She runs out to the front on Maryhill Road and looks through one of the Trident shop front windows – at the rear of the interior she sees flames through the smoke filling the shop. Running upstairs, the little girl tells her parents what she had seen, where incredibly her parents decide to take no action - at this point the child goes to the toilet. Sitting in the toilet the girl then notices smoke seeping up through the floorboards under the bath, runs through to tell her parents about the smoke that is now coming into the house, where once again, beyond belief, her parents decide it isn’t anything to worry about! The Shields family subsequently become trapped. 12.46: First 999 call to the Fire Brigade reporting fire at Maryhill Road, two further 999 calls closely follow. Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 5 First Attendance 12.47: Turn out instructions from Area Control to the North Fire Station (St George’s Rd) – 999 call to derelict shop on fire: 20 Maryhill Road. 12.48: Water Tender Ladder (WrL) 75 & Water Tender Escape (WrE) 76 sent, Station Officer Fletcher in charge. 12.48: 999 call from a man in Gt. Western Road who thought there was a chimney fire in the area. 12.49: Appliances arrive at Maryhill Road. Maryhill Road at Bruces Furniture Retailers StnO Fletcher is immediately aware of a fire in the Trident shop. The interior of the shop is now totally obscured by smoke - he orders breaking-in tools to force entry through the shops front door and a hose-reel. At the same time he orders the flaked-length line of hose to be run out, charged and to stand by in case the fire develops. Within seconds the left hand shop window cracks from end to end and Fletcher realises that the fire inside is rapidly escalating. He instantly orders the left hand window to be broken in to gain access as quickly as possible, this now being a situation where even a single seconds delay is going to make a difference. On breaking the window dense volumes of billowing, light tan coloured smoke fill the road obscuring the frontage of the building. The jet is immediately got to work, however the branchmen are hampered by the rapidly worsening conditions developing within the shop. StnO Fletcher now orders a second line of hose, but moments before the second line can be got to work the right hand window of the shop shatters with the heat. Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 6 Vast volumes of smoke are now pouring into Maryhill Road, firemen are struggling to cope with the smoke and heat issuing out of both the shop windows. It is at this point where my own personal account of the incident starts as I had just walked around from St George’s Rd into Maryhill Road from my parent’s tenement house to witness the unfolding events. I went to position myself at a good vantage point where I could watch the incident, it having been drummed into us time and time again that recruits never ever got involved in fires when off duty. Managing to get almost directly opposite the appliances on the other side of Maryhill Road I was caught completely off guard when a massive flashover blew out of the Trident shop windows, the flame front spreading right across the pavement, up and around the side of one of the appliances and beyond. Running for all they were worth out of the shop I saw firemen scattering as they threw themselves out of the way of smoke and flame now pouring out of the shop. It must also be remembered, this was all happening on a busy Saturday afternoon; Maryhill Road was packed with shoppers “enjoying” this unfolding drama of firemen at work, no crowd control was yet in place because the incident was only moments into it’s life. In a heartbeat this massive flashover changed the mood of the spectators from growing excitement to mass panic as they struggled to escape the clouds of blinding, choking smoke and heat filling the road. Almost immediately the firemen regrouped, regained control of the two jets and started fighting their way back into the developing fire inside the shop. In the words of the Fatal Accident Inquiry – “The effect of the flash-over was spectacular and immediate, causing the fire to increase in intensity and spread very rapidly. The branch men tackled visible fire but could hear it crackling overhead in the false ceiling void.” 12.51: Informative message from Stn. O Fletcher at 33 Maryhill Road – Make pumps 3. The crews fighting the fire can now hear a number of residents (including the Shield’s family mentioned earlier) shouting for help from their windows in Maryhill Road. There are also residents at the rear windows of their homes in the Maryhill Road building calling for help. On Maryhill Road itself there are dozens of men, women and children lost in the smoke, tripping over lines of hose, falling over kerbs or stumbling into obstructions, with some injuring themselves in their panic to flee the scene. Heavy Saturday afternoon traffic is brought to an immediate halt, drivers and passengers abandoning their buses, cars and trucks in an attempt to escape from the blinding smoke. Leading Fireman Clubb, StnO Fletcher’s second-in-command was with the branch men when the flash-over occurred and afterwards he found that the smoke was so dense in Maryhill Road he couldn’t find his Stn O. Realising the situation was developing into a major fire he and another fireman attempted to make their way up one of the common closes beside the Trident shop (No. 27) in order to evacuate the residents above. The smoke had become so dense that unsurprisingly they both are forced back into the road again, returning to the smouldering appliance to collect Breathing Apparatus (BA) sets for another attempt. Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 7 Escalating Situation 12.52: Turntable Ladder (TL) from Northwest fire station arrives. The Northwest TL crew are immediately pressed into service with the remaining North crew pitching ladders up to the projecting flat roof area in front of the tenement adjacent to the burning shop. The fire is still rapidly developing, dense smoke is issuing into Maryhill Road to such an extent that the streetlights come on. 12.54: Informative message from StnO Fletcher at 20 Maryhill Road – Fire in derelict shop. Two jets in use. Fireman Mateer, one of the TL crew, whilst rescuing a shopper lost in the smoke passes Bruce’s Furniture Retailers, a shop that is on the other side of the common close from the shop on fire. As he passes this shop it’s front window shatters and inside is a developing fire, which immediately increases in intensity with the inrush of air. 12.55: Divisional Officer (D.O.) Forbes in attendance. 12.55:WrE from Northwest fire station arrives – SubO McGill in charge. D.O Forbes orders a third jet to be brought to bear on the fire in the Trident shop in an attempt to reduce the escalating fire as quickly as possible so that BA crews can enter the building to rescue the trapped residents above. Rescues in Progress – Maryhill Road 13.00: Informative message from DO Forbes at 20 Maryhill Road, Make pumps 5. Sub O McGill (Northwest WrE) has just rescued a number of residents from 17 Maryhill Road, but realises he would be unable to enter any deeper into the building if conditions continued to escalate at the present rate without the availability of a BA set. Returning into Maryhill Road he finds a partner and they both don Proto BA sets, telling the driver (who would also have been the BA Control Officer (BACO)) they were not going into oxygen at that time. The later investigations conclusion to this action was “This seems to imply that McGill’s intention was to be in a state of preparedness to operate in a irrespirable atmosphere should the occasion arise”. McGill and his partner make their way towards the building, but in the dense smoke filling Maryhill Road his partner loses sight of him and finds himself Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 8 at the common close entry at 27 Maryhill Road - not knowing whether the Sub.O. had entered the building or moved elsewhere down the road. He decides the best course of action is to enter the building, as this he believed was the Sub.O’s original intention. 13.02: Cage TL from West fire station arrives. Rescues in Progress – Maryhill Road The Cage TL is pressed into action immediately on Maryhill Road to systematically rescue residents trapped directly above the developing fire in the Trident shop. In the Trident shop the fire is growing in intensity, now spreading upwards into one of the 1st floor flats (but as later investigations were to discover the fire spread up into a large void above the shop first before then spreading into the flat directly above). There is also a developing fire in Bruce’s Furniture Retailers rapidly growing due to the fixtures, fittings and discarded furniture still remaining inside the shop. All fire service crews are fully committed working in combined firefighting and rescue operations – either fire-fighting in one of the two shops, pitching ladders to rescue trapped residents in the building above, or by helping bystanders lost in the dense smoke from becoming caught up in the fire fighting operations. D.O. Forbes’ growing realisation is that the situation is getting worse by the second - even he has to pitch, with the help of civilians, a ladder at the rear of Maryhill Road to gain access into the house to rescue a trapped family. This family turns out to be the Shields family mentioned earlier, where once inside Forbes eventually locates them at a front window of their Maryhill Road flat. He brings them down a hurriedly pitched extension ladder from their 2nd floor flat Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 9 onto the shops projecting flat roof, and then by another ladder to the ground. (This rescue being done by firemen lifting a 35ft (10.7 m) extension ladder up onto the flat roof 15 ft (4.5 m) above the shops and then doing a confined-space pitch on the flat roof up to the second floor whilst the fire burned in the Trident shop underneath them.) 13.07:Deputy Firemaster McGill to 20 Maryhill Road. 13.09: Informative message from D.O. Forbes at 20 Maryhill Road – Fire in derelict shop. Tenement property above heavily smoke-logged, rescues being done. The fire developing in Maryhill Road is continuing to deteriorate by the second, in particular Bruce’s Furniture shop, where conditions are now extremely critical with a serious fire developing within the store on the Maryhill Road side, and with heavy smoke issuing from the storefront on Great Western Road. Early Stages – Great Western Road Fire is now also evident issuing from the 1st floor flat window in the tenement above the Trident shop on Maryhill Road, - 2 further jets are carried aloft onto the projecting shops flat roof and got to work in an attempt to prevent any further upward spread. Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 10 Developing Fire – Maryhill Road Rescue Conditions SubO McGill’s BA partner has made his way into the close at no. 27, where he eventually emerges onto the flat roof at the rear of Maryhill Road, his slow progress due to the dense smoke filling the tenement close - there is no sign of SubO McGill. Later investigations commented that it is not known whether the SubO went into oxygen to aid his progress up the smoke-filled stairway in the close (No.27, as it is later to be shown), but it was considered very probable. At no time did McGill’s partner go into air, therefore he was extremely limited in his ability to search the building. Returning to the moment where D.O. Forbes had pitched a ladder with the aid of civilians – a number of these civilians remained at the rear after D.O. Forbes had climbed into the house and they recalled during the investigation a fireman wearing BA appearing beside them at the rear of 27 Maryhill Road. One of these civilians informed this fireman (now believed to be Sub.O. McGill) that there was a woman trapped on an upper floor. The “fireman” went up the ladder and entered the house, but after a short time re-appeared calling down that there was nobody in the house (D.O. Forbes and the Shield’s family having by now descended by a ladder pitched to the front of the building). The civilian told the “fireman” that the woman was on the top flat and the “fireman” disappeared once again into the interior. Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 11 Back Court between Maryhill Road and Great Western Road D.O. Forbes now had returned to the rear of this part of the tenement building and through a momentary break in the smoke managed to see Sub.O McGill at a top floor window, McGill calling down to him that he had located the woman and that they were alright. 13.10: Informative message from D.O. Forbes at 20 Maryhill Road – Send on 2 ambulances. I had been watching events unfold from my vantage point on the opposite side of Maryhill Road and witnessed a series of developments I had never seen before or since for that matter. Standing where I was I could see the whole of the Maryhill Road tenement buildings in front, to my left and right as and when the smoke cleared with the prevailing winds. In disbelief I watched a window of one of the upper floor homes to my left but not directly above the fires darken, then blow out. Moments later in another part in the row tenements in front of me, beyond the party walls separating each of the tenement structures a first floor window blew out. Almost immediately 50 feet (15 m) to my right another widow on an another upper storey would blow out – the fires were breaking out along the row tenement buildings, but with no distinguishable progression front, totally at random, different floors, different parts of the row of buildings and at an alarming rate. I can still remember watching two senior officers standing near to me who were obviously totally at a loss why the fire was developing in such a random manner and discussing how best to commit their remaining crews. 13.20:Informative message from D.O. Forbes at 20 Maryhill Road, Make pumps 8 The official report recorded – “On arrival on the fire-ground Dep. Fmr McGill is struck by the extreme density and volume of smoke conditions which blanketed the scene of operations.” Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 12 Scene of Operations – Maryhill Road and Great Western Road It must be pointed out that two-way personal radios had yet to be issued to Glasgow Fire Service; therefore all communications would have been by “line of sight” or runners, thus hampering any kind of command & control.) The developing fire inside Bruce’s Furniture shop had now spread right through to and erupted out of the windows on the Great Western Road side of the building, climbing the face of the tenement above. Great Western Road – Fully Developed 13.24: Informative message from Deputy Firemaster McGill at 20 Maryhill Road, Make Pumps 12 Extract from the official report – “A massive attack was directed on all sides of the fire despite the difficult and hazardous conditions which prevailed, particularly at the inner apex of the structure.” 13.32: Informative message from Deputy Firemaster McGill at 20 Maryhill Road –A range of ground floor buildings spreading from Maryhill Road through to Gt. Western Road. 10 jets in use, rescues being effected. At around 14.00 Dep Fmr McGill is of the view that the fire is under Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 13 sufficient control to order a further search of the buildings as a mater of priority. A force of BA wearers embarks on a systematic search of all parts of the building that they can enter. 14.11: Informative message from Deputy Firemaster McGill at 20 Maryhill Road – Make pumps 14. 14.13: Informative message from Deputy Firemaster McGill at 20 Maryhill Road – Fire in range of shops stretching from Maryhill Road through to Gt. Western Road. 15 jets, TL’s in use. *10 BA in use. Searching tenement property above shops. (* This figure may sound like a ridiculously small number of BA sets in use at a major incident, especially involving “rescues in progress”, however these were the days where BA was only worn as a last resort, the majority of firemen of the period preferring to rely on lung capacity and tenacity. “10 BA in use” was a very large number and stations listening into the radio messages would have grasped the magnitude of this fire. See final figure in “Extract from K433 Fire Report “Method of Extinguishing Fire” below.) As the BA teams work their way through the dozens of smoke filled flats and shops the bodies of Alice Mulgrew and SubO McGill are discovered in Alice Mulgrew’s top floor flat kitchen apartment to the rear of the building, the same apartment SubO McGill had called down from when he told D.O Forbes they were alright - SubO McGill is not wearing his BA set. Their bodies are brought to the front windows, where they are taken down by Cage TL. SubO McGill’s body is pink in colour, indicating he has absorbed what sadly proves to be a fatal level of carbon monoxide into his bloodstream. Neither responds to efforts at resuscitation and pathological examination later revealed that Alice Mulgrew had been similarly affected. Rescue of Alice Mulgrew – Maryhill Road Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 14 14.21: From Deputy Firemaster McGill – 1 Fire Service casualty removed to hospital for treatment. The BA crew who having removed the bodies to the front now attempt to return to the rear of Alice Mulgrew’s flat to examine the kitchen area further, but moments later there is a roof collapse, covering the kitchen in debris. Almost immediately the back wall of the building collapses along with the three rear floors, burying Station Officer Hood and Leading Fireman Clubb who are working on the ground floor, trapping them in the debris - along with Sub.O McGill’s BA set. Picture shows Stn O Hood after he was rescued from the debris. 14.29: From Deputy Firemaster McGill 2 further Fire service casualties removed to hospital after being trapped by falling debris. 15.13: From Deputy Firemaster McGill at Maryhill Road – Informative message: 17 jets now in use, including 2 Turntable Ladders and 2 Hydraulic Platforms (HP) in use. Complete floors in the rows of tenement buildings on Maryhill Road and Great Western Road are now well alight; the collapse of the rear of no. 27 hampers access for the crews as the remaining rear wall is in a dangerous condition with a large bulge now evident. This situation creates the opportunity for the fire to spread unchecked through the now exposed timber components of the structure and apartments filled with furniture, each providing a ready source of fuel. Firefighting – Great Western Road The tenements sit on massive timber beams straddling the shops below, these being the Victorian method of supporting the building, much as a rolled steel joist (RSJ) would today. These beams however, now being 140 years old are being subjected to tons of masonry crashing down on them, fire burning them and due to their sheer age they eventually give way, with section after section after section of the internal structure of the tenement crashing down inside. On Great Western Road the fire has spread right through the tenement above Bruce’s Furniture Retailers, where the whole section between the party walls is now well alight and a sustained attack is being mounted using Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 15 aerial appliances to stop the spread into other parts. In the back-court core area between these two rows of converging tenements fire crews are desperately fighting a losing battle, lines of hose are being dragged into the thus so far unaffected tenements either side of the two blazes in an attempt to create a 5-sided stop. More than once firemen are evacuated from inside the buildings, and more than once the firemen have to fight their way back in again to fight the blaze. Final Stages – Great Western Road After a further three long hours of difficult and arduous fire-fighting conditions the crews are making headway, albeit the destruction of all the shops and every tenement flat between 17 to 55 Maryhill Road and between 36 to 62 Great Western Road will be the final outcome - the Great Western Road side of operations is under control, the fire is stopped from spreading further through the void on Maryhill Road, however the row of tenements and shops initially involved early on is now a smoking, burned out shell. The “Stop” message is sent at 18.35 – From Deputy Firemaster McGill, Stop for Maryhill Road, Details as per last informative message (15.13pm). Final Stages – Maryhill Road Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 16 Burned Out Shell – Maryhill Road Investigation – Results The investigation that followed was extensive and thorough; many questions had to be answered, not only over the deaths of Sub O Adrian McGill and Alice Mulgrew, but the reason why a shop fire that whilst on the face of it being serious was not unusual in itself, could then turn into a conflagration of epic proportions. Having collated written information over the years on this fire, collected anecdotal accounts from some of the fireman there and added my own personal account the following I would consider not to be too far off the mark as to the major contributing factors that turned a serious fire into this major incident – 1. The alterations in 1875 resulted in the builders constructing a flat roof on the projecting shops that had no fire stops whatsoever. Consequently, there was an unbroken hidden void between the shop ceilings and the floors of the 1st floor tenement flats above the entire length (200 ft / 61 m) of the projecting shops of about 3 - 4 feet (1 to 1.5 m) in height. 2. The age and condition of the building at the time of the fire was such that major structural components (timber beams) were almost certainly in a state of decay, which in turn aided fire propagation and structural failures. 3. A number of “improvements “ had been carried out to the effected buildings over the years, where during the course of these improvements a significant number of party walls had been breached and the resulting gaps not in-filled during the building work. 4. The original construction of the tenements was such that unbroken vertical voids were created between the party walls that were almost the full width and height of the buildings. When this fact combined with the various party wall breaches (see 3 above) is combined then it is reasonable to Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 17 conclude this also assisted in hidden fire travel throughout the range of interconnected buildings. 5. The fact that a “through-and-through” shop had been created with no consideration as to fire separation between the two buildings once again aided the spread of fire as the structural integrity of the building had be compromised. 6. The FAI considered that Sub.O. McGill on discovering Alice Mulgrew in an unconscious condition removed his BA set to give his air to her, with dire consequences. His BA set was recovered from the rubble and found to be in working condition; therefore no other logical explanation could be put forward. 7. Communications were restricted to “line of sight” on the fire ground as Walkie-Talkies were not yet part of a fireman’s equipment. Because of this senior officers were totally reliant on “runners” and what they could actually see and their experience. Numbers & Resources Used 41 Dwelling houses destroyed by fire and / or demolition resulting from fire damage. 6 Shops destroyed by fire / demolition. 2 Public Houses destroyed by fire / demolition. 1 Post Office destroyed by demolition. *15 civilians rescued by Extension or Turntable Ladder. In addition to the above rescues the official investigation estimated that “other” rescues numbered 100 to 200. (*One of these civilians was rescued twice; first time when he got himself into a situation of needing to be rescued by the fire brigade after leaving his wife and child behind to fend for themselves (they escaped safely), and the second time when he attempted to retrieve his predicament by going back to his house “to rescue his wife and child” and then needed rescuing again! On the second occasion one of his fireman rescuers personally provided him with a very positive lesson for leaving his family behind the first time, whilst reinforcing the reason for staying out of the building from then on.) 6 Glasgow Fire Service personnel and 6 civilians were removed to hospital. • • (1 Fire Service fatality.) (1 Civilian fatality.) Extract from K433 Fire Report - “Method of Extinguishing Fire: “Water from 17 jets, including two Turntable Ladders and one Hydraulic Platform Pump monitors fed through 8 pumps from street hydrants. 30 Proto Mk5 BA sets used.” Appliances / Services Attending • • • • • • WrL: 8 WrE: 5 M.P.: 1 T.L.: 5 H.P.P.: 3 C.U.: 1 Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 18 • • • • • E.T.: 2 C.V.: 1 Div. Staff Cars: 10 Glasgow Salvage Corps Tenders: 2 Scottish Ambulance Service Ambulances: 6. In addition Control Units from the Gas, Electricity & Water utilities, Glasgow Underground Emergency teams, GPO Telephones & Royal Mail were in attendance. A special mention must be given to The Salvation Army and their Canteen Unit, who generously provided innumerable hot meals, gallons of tea and a “smiling face” for hundreds of exhausted fire service & salvage corps personnel during the incident – “Thank You” just isn’t enough. Bob James. Station Officer (Retired) Glasgow Fire Service / Strathclyde Fire Brigade. Copyright © 2008 UK Fire Service Resources. All Rights Reserved. Page 19