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Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential
Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting This list comprises the recommended list of tree species for the community of Prince George, as prepared by the City of Prince George. The list outlines the tree’s common & botanical names, associated cultivars & varieties, height & width at maturity, and common characteristics. The list also indicates the appropriate use of the tree in various locations such as Boulevards or areas adjacent to roadways (B), Natural Areas using native or semi-native trees (N), Planter beds or Small Yards (P), Residential lots (R), and the Bowl Area or other Sheltered Sites (*). All tree species listed are hardy to the Prince George area. However, some tree species are noted with an asterisk (*) under the ‘Tree Use’ column as they require a suitable microclimate within the Bowl area or other sheltered site. A separate list at the end of this document outlines a number of other tree species that are not recommended for use or should be used with caution. If you would like more information on tree species, please contact the City of Prince George at 561-7600 or visit the website at www.city.pg.bc.ca Development Services Department Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site Dense symmetrical habit and dark green colour Medium size with smooth bark, soft/flat needles Balsam Fir Generally insect/pest free Abies balsamea Prefers moist, well-drained soil with shelter from strong winds Not pollution tolerant Larger fir with dense habit that is conical to columnar in shape White Fir Foliage often has a bluish tinge Abies concolor Prefers moist, well-drained soil More adaptable than most firs Similar to a Balsum Fir (Abies balsamea) 10-15m / 3-6m 20-25m / 5-8m 10-25m / 4-10m B, N, R B, N, R N, R Subalpine Fir Abies lasiocarpa Doc#56287 Development Services Department Page 2 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site ‘Compactum’ Amur Maple ‘Embers’ 2-6 m / 2-5m P, R + Shrub Beds Acer ginnala Box Elder or Manitoba Maple ‘Baron’ 10-15m / 8-9 m N, R Acer negundo Norway Maple Acer platanoides Doc#56287 ‘Crimson King’ ‘Columnar’ ‘Crimson Sentry’ ‘Fairview’ ‘Prairie Splendor’ ‘Superform’ ‘Easy Street’ + others 8-15m / 5-9m B, R, * Multi-stemmed habit Can be shaped by pruning Adaptable & hardy Bright red fall colour Fits into almost any landscape Hardy, fast growing & adaptable to most sites Yellow fall colour Best to use only male cultivars Considered weedy and high maintenance, but useful for large natural areas Various forms from upright to spreading Several burgundy leaved cultivars Green leaved cultivars turn bright yellow in fall Prefers moist soil, but will tolerate other soils Very few pests problems Development Services Department Page 3 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site Red Maple Acer rubrum Sugar Maple Acer saccharum Tatarian Maple Acer tataricum Doc#56287 ‘Autumn Blaze ‘Autumn Spire’ ‘Burgundy Belle’ ‘Columnare’ ‘Northwood’ ‘Morgan’ ‘Red Sunset’ ‘Sienna’ +others ‘Adirondack’ ‘Legacy’ ‘Green Mt.’ ‘Unity’ +others 15m / 6-10m 15m / 12m 7-8m / 8-10m B, R B, R, * B, R Beautiful specimen tree Dense canopy with strong symmetrical branches Glossy green leaves turn brilliant red in fall Prefers moist acidic soil Shade tolerant when young Good upright dense, oval shape Green leaves in summer turn orange/gold in fall Outstanding gray bark Not good for restricted growing areas due to canopy spread and surface roots Small wide spreading graceful form Similar to Amur Maple but larger Nice specimen tree for small yard Bright red fall colour Adaptable & drought tolerant Development Services Department Page 4 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site ‘Pacific Sunset’ 9m / 8m R, P, * Purple blow Maple Acer truncatum Ohio Buckeye Some specific cultivars may be available 8-10m / 6-8m B, N, R, * Aesculus glabra Horse Chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum Doc#56287 Some specific cultivars may be available 15-20m / 10-15m B, R, * Similar to Amur Maple (Acer ginnala), but not as hardy New growth is red/purple, attracts birds Very nice fall colours Use in sheltered sites Low headed, rounded form Has prickly nuts that could be a nuisance in yards Nice orange fall colour Requires moist soil Best in natural areas Dense oval crown Showy white flower clusters in spring Spiny nuts in the fall are not edible Not much fall colour Requires moist soil Development Services Department Page 5 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site Often multi-stemmed or small tree Showy white flowers in spring Sweet reddish purple edible berries Outstanding fall colour Attracts birds Nice oval shape Beautiful exfoliating bark for winter interest River Birch Available in single stem or clump forms Betula nigra More pest-resitant than other birches Adaptable to various site conditions Green leaves turn gold in fall Prefers heavy watering & well-drained soil Outstanding white bark Susceptible to pests during prolonged drought Not suitable as a street tree Serviceberry ‘Autumn Brilliance’ 8m / 5m N, R, P Amelanchier x grandiflora ‘Heritage’ Paper Birch Betula papyrifera Doc#56287 ‘Prairie Dream’ ‘Chickadee’ ‘Snowy’ 15m / 15m 12-15m / 5-10m N, B, R N, R Development Services Department Page 6 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site ‘Dalcarlica’ ‘Purple Rain’ ‘Tristis’ ‘Youngii’ Similar to Paper Birch but with a weeping form Very graceful Cutleaf has finely dissected leaves ‘Youngii’ Birch is smaller and useful where space is limited ‘Purple Rain’ has striking purple foilage Top grafted shrubs that make interesting feature trees Showy yellow flowers Bright green foliage Weeping Branches with thorns Drought tolerant Elm-like in size & form Large tree that is tough & adaptable for urban use Hackberry Berries attract birds Celtis occidentalis Not much fall colour Drought tolerant Weeping Birch 6-12m / 5-8m B, P, R Betula pendula ‘Pendula’ ‘Walker’ Caragana 2m / 1.5m P, R Caragana arborescens ‘Prairie Pride’ Doc#56287 20m / 15m B, N, R Development Services Department Page 7 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site ‘Argentea’ Horizontal branching creates a layered effect Nice for a Japanese style garden & for planters Showy white flowers Red/purple fall colour Shade-tolerant Small flowering trees Pretty red fruit & yellow fall colour Some thorns Some pest problems ‘Toba’ has pink flowers & ‘Snowbird’ has white Can be grown as a large shrub or trained as a single stemmed tree Russian Olive Sliver foliage is very striking Elaeagnus angustifolia Small yellow flowers, silvery small fruit, & sharp thorns Prefers a dry site & is salt tolerant Pagoda Dogwood 4-6m / 4-6m P, R, * Cornus alternifolia ‘Toba’ Morden Hawthorn 5m / 5m P, R ‘Snowbird’ Crataegus x mordensis 8m / 8m Doc#56287 B, R Development Services Department Page 8 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site ‘Autumn Blaze’ White Ash Fraxinus americana ‘Autumn Purple’ 13-15m / 12m B, R ‘Skyline’ ‘Mancana’ 12m /6m B, R Manchurian Ash Fraxinus mandshurica ‘Fallgold’ 10m / 5m ‘Northern Gem’ Black Ash Fraxinus nigra Doc#56287 ‘Northern Treasure’ B, R Nice shade tree & better structure than Green Ash Fall colours range from yellow, orange & purple Prefers moist well-drained soil but is adaptable Salt tolerant ‘Autumn Blaze’ hardy to zone 3 Upright oval trees with lacy foliage Yellow fall colour Tolerant of various soil types Some potential pest problems that proper care & site selection could alleviate ‘Mancana’ is a seedless variety Use with caution as pest problems can be severe Not a drought tolerant tree (requires moist sites) Nice yellow fall colour ‘Northern Treasure’ & ‘Northern Gem’ are not being planted at this time by the City of P.G. due to pest-related problems Development Services Department Page 9 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site ‘Patmore’ ‘Prairie Spire’ ‘Rugby’ Hardy & adaptable (but has been overused) Develops poor structure if not pruned regularly when young Yellow fall colour Seedless male cultivars are preferred Beautiful, wide spreading shade tree Interesting compound leaves Butternut Oily, edible nuts attract squirrels Juglans cinera Requires deep, rich soil Upright high headed tree with nice foliage Long lived Black Walnut Nuts are attractive to squirrels Juglans nigra Roots produce a compound that is toxic to other plants Green Ash 15-18m / 7-10m B, R Fraxinus pennsylvanica 12-18m / 10-12m 15-22m / 15m Doc#56287 B, R, * B, R, * Development Services Department Page 10 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site Rocky Mt. Juniper Juniperus scopulorum ‘Cologreen’ ‘Gray Ice’ ‘Medora’ ‘Moonglow’ ‘Witchita’ ‘Pendula’ 4-10m / 1-3m 6m / 4m P, R P, R Weeping Larch Larix decidua Siberian Larch Larix siberica Doc#56287 20m / 15m N, R, S Nice evergreen for small areas Upright forms vary from a narrow ‘Skyrocket’ to the fuller ‘Witchita’ or ‘Moonglow’ Colours range from bright green to intense blue Drought tolerant once established Prefers full sun Unique specimen tree with strong weeping habit Soft green needles that turn bright yellow in fall Needles shed for winter Prefers a sunny site with moist soil Deciduous conifer with large pyramidal shape Soft green foliage turns yellow in fall Requires a sunny site with moist, well-drained soil Looks especially nice in groups Development Services Department Page 11 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site 6-9m / 6-7m Amur Maackia B, P, R Maackia amurensis ‘Spring Snow’ Flowering Crab Apple + Countless other cultivars are available 4-15m / 1.5-12m P, R Malus 10-13m / 7-10m Ironwood Ostrya virginiana Doc#56287 B, R, * Small graceful tree good for a small yard Fragrant, yellowish flowers in spring Golden bark Low maintenance & adaptable Virtually pest-free Endless variety of shapes, sizes & colours Lovely flowering tree Can be disfigured by pruning Fruit is messy and attracts birds & bears ‘Spring Snow’ is a fruitless variety Oval to rounded tree that is tough, adaptable & shade tolerant Attractive foliage turns yellow in fall Bark is showy & seeds attract birds Avoid wet soils The City of PG is testing this tree for hardiness Development Services Department Page 12 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site Amur Cork Tree ‘Macho’ ‘Shademaster’ ‘His Majesty’ 7-9m / 7-9m B, R Phellodendron amurense Norway Spruce ‘Pendula’ + others 25-30m / 10-15m B, P, R Picea abies White Spruce Picea glauca Doc#56287 ‘Densata’ ‘Conica’ ‘Jean’s Dilly’ 30m / 15m N, P, R Unique & beautiful tree that should be used more Graceful, spreading habit Nice foliage with fall colour Interesting bark Use male cultivars to avoid messy fruit Large graceful spruce with weeping branches Bright green foliage Very hardy ‘Pendula’ is a small weeping form suitable as a feature tree in large beds or a planter Large native spruce with bluish green foilage ‘Densata’ Black Hill Spruce is more compact & tolerant of drier soils ‘Conica’ is very compact, with dwarf forms suited to planters & ornamental beds Development Services Department Page 13 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site Colorado Spruce Picea pungens ‘Bakeri’ ‘Fat Albert’ ‘Baby Blue Eyes’ ‘Hoopsii’ ‘Montgomery’ ‘Iseli Fastigiate’ ‘Pendula’ 30m / 15m B, N, P, R Note: Cultivar’s size is variable 15m / 7m B, P, R Eastern White Pine Pinus strobus 15m / 8m Scots Pine Pinus sylvestris Doc#56287 B, N, R Available in many sizes & forms from columnar to weeping Best known for vivid blue colour More drought tolerant than other spruce Allow room for spread & best uniform growth Long bluish green needles give it a soft look Long purple cones are attractive Requires sun and moist, well-drained soil ‘Pendula’ is a smaller weeping cultivar used as a feature plant Pyramidal shape when young, becoming more spreading with age Bluish green needles & orange brown bark Hardy and adaptable Prefers a sunny site Development Services Department Page 14 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site Swedish Columnar Aspen ‘Erecta’ 12m / 2m B, N, R Populus tremula ‘erecta’ ‘Jefree’ Amur Chokecherry 9-14m / 7-10m B, R Prunus maacki Flowering Plums Prunus nigra Prunus nigrella Doc#56287 ‘Muckle’ ‘Princess Kay’ ‘Hybrid Plum’ 3-5m / 3-4m P, R, * Growing in popularity due to it’s beautiful columnar habit Tough, adaptable & fits into restricted spaces Nice fall colour, no fluffy seeds & non aggressive roots Should be used more Very nice specimen tree, often multi-stemmed but available in single trunk tree form Very showy golden to coppery polished bark White flowers in spring followed by purple berries that attract birds Nice yellow fall colour Small trees with spectacular flower display in spring Blooms cover branches before leaves appear Bark is often showy Some cultivars produce no fruit Development Services Department Page 15 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site Small tree that provides four season interest Showy spring flowers, pretty fruit & foliage, orange fall colour and beautiful shiny bark Fruit is small but attractive to birds & excellent for jelly Very hardy Handsome small tree with burgundy foliage White flowers in spring Chokecherry Dark purple fruit is attractive to birds Prunus virginiana Susceptible to black knot disease Prune out infected branches Large evergreen with a conical shape Nice dark green needles Interesting cones Requires moist, well-drained soil Requires a large area Pin Cherry ‘Mary Liss’ ‘Jumping Pound’ 5m / 3m N, P, R Prunus pensylvanica ‘Shubert’ Douglas Fir Pseudotsuga menziesii Doc#56287 8m / 6m 20m / 10m B, N, R N, R Development Services Department Page 16 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site Broad, oval habit Very stately appearance typical of Oaks Cold hardy Pin Oak Rich, green foliage with red to coppery fall colour Very hardy native Oak Interesting bark, leaves & acorns Bur Oak Quercus macrocarpa Adaptable tree & tolerant of urban conditions Requires large area to reach it’s full potential Birds & squirrels love the acorns One of the faster growing Oaks Large & very stately tree Red Oak Tolerant of most soils except high pH Quercus rubra Fall colour ranges from red to coppery-brown Leaves often remain on the tree for winter Northern Pin Oak 15m / 12m B, R Quercus ellipsoidalis 20-24m / 9-12m 18-21m / 9-12m Doc#56287 B, R B, R Development Services Department Page 17 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site White Willow ‘Tristis’ ‘Vitellina’ 15m / 12m N, R Salix alba ‘Prairie Cascade’ Laurel Leaf Willow 10-13m / 10m N, R Salix pentandra Mountain Ash Sorbus aucuparia & Sorbus decora Doc#56287 ‘Rossica’ ‘Fastigiata’ ‘Cardinal Royal’ 7-10m / 5-6m B, N, R Beautiful tree with colourful yellow new growth ‘Tristis’ has a weeping habit Not for the small yard Willows drop branches constantly & have very aggressive roots Best used in larger natural areas Fast growing tree with shiny green foliage Use in large, natural areas Requires moist, wet soils ‘Prairie Cascade’ is a hybrid with golden new stems & a weeping habit Popular tree with very showy flowers, fruit & foliage Outstanding fall colour & berries attract birds Several species, but Showy Mountain Ash is the hardiest & prettiest ‘Rossica’ & ‘Fastigiata’ are columnar forms good for small sites Development Services Department Page 18 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site ‘Ivory Silk’ Japanese Tree Lilac 8-9m / 7-8m B, P, R Syringa reticulata ‘Brandon’ Cedar Thuja occidentalis Linden Tilia americana Tilia cordata & Tilia x flavescens & Tilia mongolica Doc#56287 ‘Degroot’s Spruce’ 2-4m / 1m P, R, * ‘Skybound’ ‘Smaragd’ ‘Techney’ ‘Greenspire’ ‘Dropmore’ ‘Harvest Gold’ 10-30m / 7-15m B, P, R Small tree with oval crown Very attractive creamy white flower clusters Nice specimen for small yard or large planter Tough tree for urban conditions Probably underused Upright cedars Symmetrical, conical form Used for hedging or as a windbreak Best in sheltered location Requires a moist, well-drained soil Pyramidal to oval in form Very nice structure & branching habit Nice foliage with yellow flowers Very tidy tree & requires little pruning Tilia americana is larger than other Tilia’s Development Services Department Page 19 of 20 Trees Recommended for Boulevard, Natural Area or Residential Planting Tree Use: Common Name / Botanical Name Cultivars or Varieties Height/ Width at Maturity B - Boulevard N – Natural Areas P - Planter/Sm. Yard R - Residential * - Bowl Area or Characteristics Picture Sheltered Site Elm Ulmus americana ‘Brandon’ ‘Liberty’ ‘Valley Forge’ ‘New Harmony ‘Discovery’ 20m / 15m B, R Nice specimens at City Hall & the Millar addition Lovely vase-shape with arching branches Yellow fall colour Dutch Elm disease (DED) has wiped out entire Elm population in much of North America Use DED-resistant varieties Other Tree Species not recommended for use or should be used with caution, include the following: Poplar & Willow species – Invasive root systems can penetrate foundations and utilities, howeve suitable for use in natural areas. Silver Maple (Acer saccharinium) – Branches are brittle with breakage resulting in a messy & potentially hazardous situation for an urban setting. Root systems are also invasive. Mayday (Prunus padus) – There is a heavy local infection of black knot disease that is spreading quickly between the native & non-native Prunus species. Flowering Crabs (Malus species) – Fruit producing varieties attract bears and cause numerous and sometimes fatal consequences for bears as a result. Please remove fruit upon ripening for harvest or disposal (composting not recommended as the odour is attractive to bears). Black Ash (Fraxinus nigra) – We are currently experiencing pest problems with various cultivars of the Black Ash. Therefore, this tree is not recommended. Document edited on February 12th, 2008 Doc#56287 Development Services Department Page 20 of 20
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