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Transcription

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eu3Dx5 ry5Jtø5 &)-u4
x9ä5 fº5
Ax2µf+gwus5
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Cree from
Whapmagoostui
at Aqpik Jam
ISSUE 70
FALL 2004
• fÑ4 v?m4f5 xsM5yioEiE?Ms3bq8i4
w3csm5yi6
• srs3bgus5 eg3zsJ9l s[Z3gwl
g1z[c3[z5
• kN[7us5 E© E©ox3ym5ht4 kxAwu
...xyq9l xuh5
• Memories of early Québec
Administration in Nunavik
• The Arctic Children and
Youth Foundation
• Nunavimmiut at Riddu Riddu in Norway
...and much more
WA5pJ5 kN[s2 wkq8i4
Serving the Inuit of Nunavik
s
Ì4fNi s9li / THIS SEASON
usI3us5 yK9oÙzi rAbq8Nj5 W1axi3JxcMsJK5
srx5nst9lA. b5gj5 wMq5 i5Il5Ì†9l ki?5†l
trA8NqMsJZlx3tlQ5, v5hô5gmEsq8NMsJ5 whogxCul xoxN3©hi wl8âk5. sWQIsK6 s÷W gvM4 X3âtq9l
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b=Zi hj5 whµlQIc3m¯3u scsy6 xysgw8NExcExzi4.
xuhZä5 kN[7us5 bEs2 xrxªMsJ5 ñu4f5 kNozk5 m8tM8j5,
kxAwu, JMw b3ezi. bm8N kNoc3[K5 r=Zg3bsicMsJ6
nN1axtk5, x8kÇos3tk5, i5Il5Ìtk9l. sfNi Wix3iK5, øn
dW3Dxl4 gryIst5yZhx3g6 ñu4fl wkw9l x5pŒqiq8i4, Ì4fxl
kN[7u nNZq5 si4vsyc3tlQ5 x8kÇi4 bf5nst5yiEMsJIq8i4
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s[4voEJ5 whxi - xam5¥NChxDtK5 ßmJi4 x?toEi3ul5.
mr[4 fxS‰n8
mr[4 kNogò5 tudtQ?z5 toIsAtc3ym5hi r=Zg3ixt9lA yKjx5ty?9oxlil
wkw5 WAmIq8i4 kN[7u. wMsJdtgxc3g6 wk8i4 W?9odtÌ3ymJi4 èuy Ñ
x7ml fÑ4 b3Czi xqctŒ8isymJu5. mr[4 w2WQIcExc3S6 vJytbs5yxm¯b
Wix3ioEi4f5 wkoEi4f5 WsygcoEi4fl W?9odtÌEymIq5 xqctŒ8if5.
xsM5yi3jl eg3qsChx3iu9l ®NsIi4 st3[sAt5nIi4 wkw5 wMsA8Nyd9lQ5
b3Cu ®NsI3tA5 mrbZhx3ij5.
Makivik Corporation
Makivik is the ethnic organization mandated to represent and promote the interests
of Nunavik. Its membership is composed of the Inuit beneficiaries of the James Bay
and Northern Québec Agreement (JBNQA). Makivik’s responsibility is to ensure
the proper implementation of the political, social, and cultural benefits of the
Agreement, and to manage and invest the monetary compensation so as to enable
the Inuit to become an integral part of the northern economy.
mr[4 eu3Dxq5
mr[4f5 eu3Dxq5 kwbs?2S5 mr[s2 gnC3nix3[zk5. gis3cbs?5g5 xrc3tNQ5
wk8k5 W?9odt5nIo8k5 èuy Ñu fÑ9l b3Czi xqctŒ8iu4. bf8NbsJ5
whmQIsJ9l b=Zi mr{[s2 S3gi3nq5b whmQIgw8NE1qbq5. g1zh5tyKA5
x9MoD5y eu3Dxos3tj5, gnC5ni4 x9Max3ymJi9l, x5paxi9¬8î5. x†y,
gÇDty GyM†5H, sçMstyl x9McystlQ5.
Makivik Magazine
Makivik Magazine is published quarterly by Makivik’s Information Department.
It is distributed free of charge to Inuit beneficiaries of the JBNQA. The opinions
expressed herein are not necessarily those of Makivik Corporation or its Executive.
We welcome letters to the editor and submissions of articles, artwork, or
photographs. Please include your full name, address, and telephone number.
mr{[f5 S3gi3nq5
Wb €bu, xzJ3ç6
÷i Wb, xzJ3ç2 gzoz W5nb3[ni4 WD3Xoxt5yi3i4 WA5p[7u
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€8bi w5gñ5, ®NsIoEp7mE4
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U
Makivik Executive
MATTHEW PARTRIDGE
Pita Aatami, President
Johnny Peters, Resource Development Vice-President
Adamie Alaku, Economic Development Vice-President
Anthony Ittoshat, Treasurer
George Berthe, Secretary
mr{[f5 WNh5toµq8i4 Nf3nmE8it8i4 cspmIsdpKA5, xyoµq8il
W[Qc5bMs3bt8i4 gn3tyAt5ni4 x9MbsJ5ni9l eu3Dxox5ti4
W5yxymt5yicMs3gi4.
We wish to express our sincere thanks to all Makivik staff, as well as to all
others who provided assistance and materials to make the production of this
magazine possible.
eu3Dxos3t / Editor
Ù2 uxh / Bob Mesher
eu3Dxos3ts2 wvJ3tz / Assistant Editor
µys X5gº / Matthew Partridge
scsys2 É2Xk5 k5tEº5/ Translation
ñu Sgo4 / Sammy Putulik
çpx rosb6 / Harriet Keleutak
™? Wl3©5 / Eva Pilurtuut
eu3DxD3bsJ5 / Layout
w5yx5tC tã8f8k5 / Etsetera Design Inc.
x9MymJ1awAbsmJ5 mr{[f5 gnc5bstAtoEi3u4 WA5p[zk5
Published by the Makivik Information Department
P.O. Box 179, Kuujjuaq, Québec
J0M 1C0 Canada
sçMstz / Telephone: (819) 964-2925
•ñMcsyxChxD†5 b4vi eu3Dxî5g5 wozJ5 wk8k5 èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czb
xqctŒ8izi5 W?9odtb3bgk5 ryxi.
*Contest participation in this magazine is limited to Inuit
beneficiaries of the JBNQA.
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eu3Dxq5
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2
eu3Dx5 yM2Wxz: wä5I yx+nj+ Ax2µf+gwu x9ä5 fº5
urQx3ixt4fq5b vg5pctŒ8izi5 WymJ6 tAux3g6 ®y
Jx4-et3u4 GXgEns9l ÷ps9l w3izi4H.x5pox[iz: Ù2 uxh.
Front cover: Elijah Sheshamush of the Whapmagoostui Cree
Trappers Association holds Casey York-Kritik (son of Patricia
and George) in his arms. Photo: Bob Mesher.
ISSN 1481-3041
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miujaq held its
first-ever Blueberr y
Jam Festival this fall.
Despite the fog that
interrupted the arrival of some musicians
whmZhxDtc3i6 ñMcDtQix3bui4.
and berry pickers, spirPlanning a winning strategy.
its remained high and
it ended up to be fun
for everyone. Congratulations to Mayor Robbie Tookalak and the
organizers of this fledgling annual celebration. Our new assistant
editor, Matthew Partridge, was there to take photos and report
his observations of the event.
We have an inter view with Serge Pageau, one of the first
Québec government community agents from back in the 1960s.
Mary Simon has also instigated the new Arctic Children and Youth
Foundation to improve their standards of living, education, opportunities, health, and well being of youth in the North.
This edition also carries the last in a series of articles from
Dr. Donald Taylor of McGill University who is involved in the promotion and protection of Inuktitut. He tells us why he is worried
that the language is becoming endangered.
Several Nunavimmiut attended the Riddu Riddu Festival in
the Sami village of Manndalen, Norway, this past July. Our region,
represented by artists, fashions, and musicians, was honoured at
the festival. In Piniarnivut, Lisa Koperqualuk enlightens us about
the Sami compared to the Inuit, while Nunavik Creations also tells
about the fashion show there. Finally, we urge you to cut out and
save the Research Fact Sheets found at the end of the youth section — we’re keeping tabs on the wildlife and environment.
wloq5 / Contents
BOB MESHER
srx6 @))$
FALL 2004
ISSUE 70
y2t7X @!, @))$, mr{[s2 r4Zg3tq5 vt1zJ5 W5Jtc3ht4 kN[7u v?mgc4f5
x9M[z8i4 kw5yJ5nsm¯3u4. Gnsuxi5-bo3Wxk5H: €bu xMf, lw+ gÏ2, Wb €bu,
€8bi w5gñ5 x7ml ÷p Ít.
September 21st, 2004, Makivik representatives convene about the possibility of a
federal office in Nunavik. (L-R): Adamie Alaku, Louise Ducap, Pita Aatami, Anthony
Ittoshat, and George Berthe.
ñ
sN hNV / WHAT IS THIS?
McstÌD8NSt5FñM8îAtÌD8NSt5 ßuz x5paxu4Fx5pdtu4
hNs7m¯5 NMs5ylxgxD[5. hNsJE5yi3k5 NMs5yQxDtt5
x9Mb3[f5 xs9Mt9lQ5 sKz gÇ3lt4 “Myster y Photo
Contest” x5paxu4 NlN3gu4 Wos5pAtc3i6 s?i gÇDtu.
WJ8NyxdN3St5¡
gn3î3k5 N9osi3ysg5
Music Festivals
4
WdItÅ3g5
Legal Tip
9
xW3hbc3i6 yx3/ X0Ôu4
Interview with Serge Pageau
11
wk4tg5: s9lu §aic5yxÙ, xcA5
xys˜3lîV
Inuktitut: Strong Today, Gone Tomorrow?
17
srs3bgus5 eg3zsJ5 s[Z3gwl
g1z[c3[z5
Arctic Children and Youth Foundation
21
Wix3iK5
Piniarnivut
25
wkw5 cz5bÔq5b SJzi
Air Inuit Propwash
29
t1ux5 w3C[9lN3gu4 cimJ5 wKp[7u
Avian Cholera Outbreak in Ivujivik
31
kN[7u5 gnC5ã5
Nunavik Notes
34
s[Z3gw5
Youth
42
ñM8îAtÌEx9ä5 / BONUS PRIZES
NMsbsQx˜3g6 ƒ4Jxu ie5ygi, ª[7X @^, @))$-aogx3X5.
Drawing will be held in Kuujjuaq on Friday, November 26th, 2004.
ybm5 mr{[f5 eu3Dxq5b Év9Mos5ht4 s[iDdtq5.
Four Makivik Magazine T-shirts.
x5paxu4 NlN3gu4 Wos5pAtc3i6
mr{[s2 gnc5bstAtoEi3u4 WA5p[z5
Mystery Photo Contest
Makivik Information Department
P.O. Box 179, Kuujjuaq, QC, J0M 1C0
ºu xü9M6 ƒ4JxCW1us6 ñMcsyxMsJK6 R!))-i4 NMs5yhi
ãiy4f5 fx1ºJx1u kNc3g5 Nn5nIzi4. mr{[f5 eu3Dxq8i5
ñMcsyx3g5 Év9Mo8i4 s[iD3bht4 sfxaMs3d5 ñun coa,
ÔyW se5g6, Mo g4g x7ml µb we9M4.
Jimmy Amidlak of
Kuujjuaraapik won $100 by
correctly guessing this traditional hat from Guangxi Zhuang
region in China. The winners of
the Makivik Magazine T-shirts
were Samisa Qalingo, Josepie
Okituk, Laly Tooktoo, and
Martha Eqilaq.
MAKIVIK
ou could win $100 if you guess what this mysterious
picture is. Mail your answer to “Mystery Photo Contest” at the
address shown below. Good Luck!
magazine
Y
3
Ax2mƒ+gw x9Mq5
x3W4 ÷7ox3g5
Whapmagoostui Cree
at Aqpik Jam
ƒ4Jxus6 S˜Ex3g6 fºk5.
A Kuujjuaq worker visits the Cree.
A
x2mƒ+gwus5 x9ä5 Gƒ4JxÇW7uH gW3ui4 N2XtEymMsJK5
vt5b[s2 yMÌi ƒ4Jxu x3W4 ÷7ic3tlQ5. gW5nui4
N7ui3ui4 N5ny5ht4 eJq5 cNQix3bq5 NX[Qix3bq5
ƒ4JxusIst9lQ5.
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vg5pctŒ8izk5 sçc5bMsJ6 gryAuN3gCb3i4 gW3ub
€3ezsyq8i4 Wsygc3uA9l ckw¬3bsAyq8i4. ß5gCstQlA
urQx3ix[7ui x9ä5 fº gW5n=Qgw8N§5 cNq8i4 gW3ub wiui
NXq8Nt9lQ5 eàgw8Nc5bht4 sto3uAt4 xgEx9Mgw8N˜3hQ5
gW5nIz wogw8NlA. xkEs2 Nr1¯iz mo5hA gW5nIs2
V
isitors from the Whapmagoostui Cree Nation (Kuujjuaraapik) set
up a teepee on the grounds of the Katittavik Town Hall in Kuujjuaq
during the annual Aqpik Jam Festival. They brought along a set of
canvas sections for the covering of the teepee but the poles were
cut from local spruce trees.
Issac Masty, a director of their Cree Trappers Association,
described some of the interesting features of the teepee and traditions related to it. For example, on their trap lines, the Cree use
the pieces of canvas to wrap their belongings in for travelling. The
poles are left standing such that when they return to the same spot
later on, they just have to attach the canvas sections. Depending
on the wind direction, one high section of canvas covering can
be adjusted by a long pole, to make the smoke flow straight out
through the top opening of the teepee. It is also important to leave
behind a good pile of firewood for the next time the site is used. A
good stock of firewood also indicates to others passing by that the
Cree who are using the site are healthy and doing well, whether it
is while the teepee is occupied or after the site has been vacated.
Two small spruce treetops are hung on either side of the teepee
entrance to easily indicate where to exit. It is believed that these
fresh treetops also filter out any negative feelings or vibes that
4
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xixgw8NMzt9lA g3hbc1qvlxDi r9Mƒgw8Nli x7mizA5.
gW3ym[[i3ui9l eàc5b§a5ht4 eJ8i4 ra9ou xgCI3gj5
xgw8NstZhx3hQ5. bm8Nl eJ8i4 eài6 grc3uhi b=Zi
wiü5g[î5 x9ä5 fº ckw1qyx3iq8i4 wkc3tlA gWz
wkc1q©t9lAl8î5. vbzil xqÔ1q©8i4 NÙ3g[i3bc3uhi
xiQx3[z
whx3©d5hA.
s2WEIc3uht9l
NÙ3gw5
NvbsCb3g5 xi3iyxa1qgi4 xis3òA8Niq8i4 wMŒi4
whw9ozi3üt5ygw8NExo8i4 xis3òAtQ5hQ5 mò{[ui5.
NÙ3©4 kKq4 kwbÔ4 tWs2 vbzi.
Spruce treetops at the teepee entrance.
BOB MESHER (X3)
mr[4f5
eu3Dxq5
µys jÏ+ Ôn{ Jx+l.
Matthew Mukash and Joseph George.
xxxxxxxxxx
Story title
magazine
may have overshadowed the family in a previous campsite.
People in Kuujjuaq continually brought geese and caribou
meat for the Cree visitors to cook, which they do slowly over an
open fireplace inside the teepee. This method of cooking
wild game yields a succulent feed that is distinctively
flavourful. The roasted geese and caribou, along with
their preparations of dried fish, fish-stuffed bannock,
Labrador herbal tea, and story telling were a welcome
treat from the Cree visitors.
Issac explained that, besides the cultural
exchange, they were in Kuujjuaq to visit Air Inuit’s
facilities in Kuujjuaq. The Makivik-owned airline has
been working with the Cree for many years, such as flying them
in and out from their trap lines. “The warm welcome that we got
from ever ybody was incredible. We really enjoyed ourselves,”
Issac said.
The Cree also performed
square dances during the
Aqpik Jam Music Festival. No
stranger to Inuit in Nunavik,
Matthew Mukash marveled
the audience with his superb
fiddle tunes, backed by guitarist Joseph George and
Inuit musicians from the
MAKIVIK
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S˜Ex3tuk5 x9Mk5 wZIsdp5ht4, wZsZ§a7mb wZj5 gW3ub
wlxi. Öà5g6 wZAy6 mm3gmE8i4 ieosDtsA8N§a7m5. i3o[î5
g5g[î9l, W5¥l, Ùirx9l, †3lwl
si4Ïgx3gc3tlAl g1zh5tyAtsMsJK5
x9Mi4 Í˜Ex3ymJi4.
Én4 gryt5yMsJ6 wl3dy3ui4
bs3¥ctŒ5ht4 ƒ4Jxü8iC3hi Ì?î8iui
bf/3gMsJ7uJ6 wkw5 cz5bÔq5b
WNhx3[q8i4. mr{[s2 cz5bÔdtz
WNhxctc§a7m5 x9Mi4 fºi4 x3ÇAi4
xuhi4
urQx3ix[q8ªyc5bhi.
>g1zh5tbsiEMs3bK5 w¬8Nq8k5
xoxN3gmEx¬Ms3g6. xoxhxJÙ¬c5bMs3dA5,> Én4 scMsJ6.
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kN[7us5 µys ËÏ+ xoxhxt5yJ7mEx¬MsJ6 bf8NEx3ymJi4
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W1axtq8k5 wvJ3bshi. xycMsJ7uJ5 W1axgi4 x3W4 ÷7u.
vNbusi4 W1axtbcMsJ6
Trooper-fi4. Ì4fx W1axtq5 g1zh5tbsi3ui4 bf8NEx3tuk5
sWAh7mEMsJ6 WxC3ilx1ax6 xtos3tbsc5bMsJZu4
x9M[sA8NgZMgw8Ni.
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x7ml kN[7u5 wMsQx3gym5ht4 x3W4 ÷7Jk5 mr{[s2 xzJ3çz
BOB MESHER (X3)
sfx xuh5ht4 x5pox[î5, x9ä5 fº5 tWz5b nixi sfiz bf5nst5yJ5. sz9oÙ5 Gnsuxi5-bo3Wxk5H: oox8 y+nj+, rx9S5 t4, x7ml µys jÏ+;
xf9oq8îg5 Gnsuxi5-bo3Wxk5H: ™? et6, Ó5pix y+nj+, wonW t4, kv3y6., èuy µ+t x7ml yxI y+nj+; ñzî8iÙ5 Gnsuxi5-bo3Wxk5H: Ôn{ Jx+, Én4
µ+t x7ml wä5I y+nj+. µr fxb, ƒ4Jxus5nIs5hi wcl8i kNym?o3g6 if3CJ6 Ì4fx x5pos3bsctŒaJ6 szÌ8îhi.
This group photo, taken beside the Cree teepee, shows the following people: Back row (L-R): Lillian Sheshamush, Gilbert Dick, and Matthew Mukash; middle
row (L-R): Eva Kritik, Virginia Sheshamush, Elizabeth Dick Jr., James Masty, and Sarah Sheshamush; Front row (L-R): Joseph George, Issac Masty, and Elijah
Sheshamush. Maggie Gordon, formerly of Kuujjuaq but now living in Iqaluit, is standing in the background.
5
xxxxxxxxxx
Aqpik Jam
BOB MESHER (X2)
Salluit Band. As usual, the line-up of
other performers at Aqpik Jam was outstanding. Among them was the Canadian
rock band, Trooper. The Trooper musicians were delighted by the friendliness
of their audience, especially by the kids,
who amused the rockers by getting
them to sign autographs on every possible surface.
The Kuujjuaq organizers were especially appreciative of the musicians who
travelled from such far distances as Grise
Fiord, Québec City, British Columbia, and
various Nunavik communities to participate in Aqpik Jam. Makivik President Pita
Aatami, who hosted part of the show,
wä5I y+nj+, €8bi w5gñ5 x7ml Wb €bu tWs2 wlxî5g5.
along with Ida Saunders and Kuujjuaq
Elijah Sheshamush, Anthony Ittoshat and Pita Aatami inside the teepee.
Mayor Michael Gordon, said “We wait
a whole year for the Aqpik Jam Festival
Wb €bu sc3tk5 wMQIsc5bMsJ7uJ6, sçpsctc3hi Éb
to take place but I can’t believe that it has been already nine
ñ8bu4 ƒ4Jxl yKo3tzi4 àf
years since we started this fesfxbu4, scMsJ6 wµ4> x3ÇAoµu
tival. Next year will be our tenth
sb3e§aZ5b x3W4 ÷7MzJi4
anniversary and I’d say that next
x3ÇAw5 dos1qZ3©fxlo‰3g5
summer Kuujjuaq is going to be
bm8N
WQxMs3ymt9lAi5.
the right place to be for anybody
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who enjoys good music and lots
doi4 scD8Ngz ƒ4Jxü˜D5y
of fun.”
sW3¯a˜3g6 ˆ7mˆ9lgxloCI3dy
Daytime competitions, includi5Il5Ìgi4
xoxhxJi9l
ing two berr y-picking contests,
bfA8NCIC5y.
kayak races, and baking coms9lf5 W1axicMsJ7uJ5
petitions were held during the
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week. Louisa May won the prize
WsoIsi3u4 i3gwAtc3ht4 Wz§5ht4 wqX5g5 ÷i, oy x7ml Îb.
cI4fl hvost5ht4 wZytsosfor picking the heaviest amount of
The popular Gospel Harmony trio: Johnny, Lizzie and Rhoda.
t5ht9l b=Zi WNhxDy3u. lwn
aqpiks (bakeapples). For another
à yK9oXsMsJ6 sdà8iÙi4
contest, a predetermined weight
x3Wb3hi. Wsot7uJi sdà8iu4 NMs5ñMsJ7uJ5 W1axt5yº5
was chosen by the organizers and the person who returned with
NMs5ñbstzi4 x3Wb3gl sdà8iEIsQxo7u4 NMs5yAi
the amount of aqpiks closest to the predetermined weight won a
ñMcMzt9lA. oy o1Ï5 ñMc3g[is7m5 sWQIK5.
prize. Lizzie Lingard received congratulations for the latter.
mr[4f5
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6
« ƒ4Jxus5 s[Z3gq5 Gsrsø5
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« Awo Ù5gp
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« xz?
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« Robert Marchand
« à JxNy, d9o6 y3dxl4, Wb
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« €8gÔ xbA5Ìl4
« ÷p x3Ng6 ™? x3Ng3l
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« ÷i, Îb oyl
«
«
«
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Benoit Arnold
Alain Ferland
Trooper
The Rimouski Bryan Adams
Tribute Band
Aqpik Jam 2004 Performances
• Kuujjuaq Youth Group (aged
7seven to 16)
• Willie Partridge
• Ulayu Pilurtuut and Lilly
Gordon
• Angava
• Edward Snowball
• Robert Marchand
• Mae Johannes, Qulik Sequaluk
and Peter Nassak
• Lucy Johannes
• Andrew Attagotaluk
• George Angnatuk and Eva
Angnatuk
• Beatrice Deer, Charlie Keelan
and Mathew Ningiuruvik
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Johnny, Rhoda and Lizzie Trio
Salluit Band
Paul Saviajuk
The Soap Stones
The Alec Amaroaluk Band
Alacie Tuluaugak and Mary
Sivuarapik
Matthew Mukash
Innu Pishum
Larry and Annie Audlaluk
Benoit Arnold
Alain Ferland
Trooper
The Rimouski Bryan Adams
Tribute Band
MATTHEW PARTRIDGE (X2)
r9o6 kNø5 W1ax[z5 bbMs3ym3ÚMsJ1qm sfx yKixA5.
The Killiq Community Centre was probably the fullest it has ever been.
susI3us5 yK9oXu rAbq8Nj5
W1axi3JxcMs3g5
Umiujaq’s First Annual Blueberry Jam
magazine
U
usI3u yK9oX5yxu >rAbq8Nj5 W1axi3JxcMsJK5> b=Zi
miujaq’s first ever “Blueberr y Jam” festival took place this
x3ÇAu ybmz8iu5 xs=Ay @^-u5 WQx3ht4 xs=Ay @(-j5. b=Zi
year between Thursday, August 26th and Sunday, August 29th.
W1axi3Jxu vt[sMs3g6 d[xhAts5hi Xs3zw5 WDExq5
The festival brought together the celebration of the ripening and
d[xhAts5hil wkw5 i5Il5Ìiz, Wsygcz kNozi9l.
harvest of wild berries and the celebration of Inuit music, tradis4fwyic3ht4 s8kf5 g1zh5tyMsJ5 vJy4Üp W1axi3u4,
tions, and community. The opening evening included a welcoming
g5yxic3ht9l x7ml ÖN gvM4 GyKo3ts2 s÷W gvMs2 xˆNzH
by the festival organizers, an opening prayer, and Dinah Tookalak
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(mother of Mayor Robbie Tookalak) cutting
W1axi3u4.
the ribbon to commemorate the beginning
kNoz #)) szbk5 wkc3tlA, !))–
of the event.
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In a community of just over 300, as many
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as 100 visitors came to the community for
xfisq©Zlx6. ryxi ÉymQxø9l
the festival, significantly increasing the popW1axExø9l ra?MsJ5 s{?¬8î5
ulation for a short period of time. However,
trA8Nq3ht4. xuh[5ht4 wkw5 cz5bÔq5
some of the attendees and performers were
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delayed or did not arrive at all. Multiple Air
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Inuit flights could not land due to thick fog
s9lîogx3mb. W5Jtc3hi W1axExø5
coming off the bay, a common occurrence in
trA8NyMsqiq8k5
cz5bÔ9l
Umiujaq this time of year. Regarding the canra?c5bMs3iq8k5, s÷W gvM4 sccellations by performers and delay of incoming
MsJK6 wào5hi, >iEs˜3Sz x3ÇAo3uX5
flights due to weather, Robbie Tookalak said,
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s[Z3©i3nk5 Ì4fx W1axygx3mb
Wsi3ns˜3tlA.>
“Hopefully, next year will be better.”
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W1axEx3ggu4, mr{[f5 ®NsIoOne per former, Makivik’s treasurer,
nixª3iXsotMeMsJ5 ci8iXsAmJw8Nsht4.
Epzi4, €8bi w5gñu4, tr5gcMsJK6
Anthony Ittoshat, was on one of those flights.
The Olsen kids group was a definite hit with the
younger audience as kids and youth scrambled to
cz5bÔtA5. b8N scMsJK6 kNo8i4
He said the airplane flew over the town more
gain a sitting spot right in front of the stage.
xbsyxgw8NCt4 dMsc5bg[isiC3hi
than once and the passengers were able to
wk8il klC3gi4 bfc5biC3hi ryxi
see people waving to them through the fog,
uA8Niqg5. cz5bÔz ƒ4JxÇWoxgw8NyMsJ6 ryxi csgx3m5
but the visibility wasn’t sufficient to land. The flight was forced
uA8NyMsJ6 x7ml ra?3ht4 W1axEx3ggw5, €8bi wMQIst9lA,
to return to Kuujjuaraapik but a plane did land the next day and
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most delayed performers, including Anthony, were able to play at
i5Il5bicMsJK5
r9o6
kNø5
W1ax[zi.
the festival, even if it was a day or two late.
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The performances were held in the Killiq Community Centre
MAKIVIK
s
7
Blueberry Jam
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bf8NsI3bsJcc5bMsJ6 s[4vysti9l wkgc3ysti9l,
i5IsyI3gi4, vb5Igi4, biy3gi4, xQxDyI3gi4 x7ml
xfr5gusi4.
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n{?boZ3tbsc5bht4 sdmw8iXoZ3gk5. W1axi3Jxgw5
whoAtcMsJ5 iE7µtbs5ht4, dx3glxaxht4 wcl8i4,
yˆî5ht4 x9ogc3tlA xs=Ay @(–u, s÷W gvM4 scMsJ7m5
wµ4, >vtmic5yxMsJKA5 whxi... iE7µic3hb.>
ra?3gcMsJZlx3tlA, xuh5 wkdbsJ5 ˆ7mn5yxiCMsJ5
W1axisMs3gu4. xuh7m‰5 scMsJ5 st˜3iC3ht4 x3ÇA gzozi4
susI3u rAbq8Nj5 W1axi3Jxco3uXb.
xuhZM8i4 wvJ3gcMsJK6 W1axi3Jxu4 xqi3Xi4
gi3Dyt9lQ5 mr{[f5 wkw5 cz5bÔq9l x7ml susIs2 v?µWq5.
mø5 y5IosZ3S5 ysÇu yû; x5pax6 ãmN3gbo4.
The waves lap at the sandy beaches – a peaceful scene.
at the northern corner of town. With practically
everyone in the community in attendance, and
so many extra people in town, the building was
probably the fullest it has ever been. A variety
of talents were showcased throughout the festival, including rock and folk bands, accordion
music, throat singing, square dancing, fiddling,
and Greenlandic pop.
A competition was held for who could pick the
most berries and money prizes were given out to
those with
the highest weigh-ins. The
festival concluded with a traditional feast, comprised mainly
of frozen fish, near the beach
on Sunday, August 29th, to
which Robbie Tookalak said,
“We had a very good gathering at the end... a feast.”
Despite the delays, many
residents and visitors expressed a feeling of satisfaction with the
festival. Many said they would be back next year for the second
annual Umiujaq Blueberry Jam.
There were several sponsors for the event with the largest
contributors being Makivik Corporation, Air Inuit, and the municipality of Umiujaq.
W1axMsJw5 susI3u rAbq8Nj5 W1axi3Jxc3tlQ5
mr[4f5
eu3Dxq5
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otx N3Ö5
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ui x7ml €i k?o1z6
nirlx3us5 W1axtq5
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«
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W3†N x7ml otx N3Ö5
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Xsly xmDxo4 w3izl, €o4
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« €8bi w5gñ5 W1axtq9l
« yÍI xfox6 x7ml ÔW dµl4
Performers at the Umiujaq Blueberry Jam Festival
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Lydia Nuktie
Elisapi Tumic and Wendy Crow
Nancy Anowak and family
Charlie Tooktoo
Charlie Kumarluk
The Olsen Kids
Minnie and Annie Novalinga
The Sanikiluaq Band
The Umiujaq Band
• Pertina and Lydia Nuktie
• Tumasi Quissiq
• Paulusie Amarualik and his
son, Alec
• Eric Sheshamush and
Whapmagoostui dancers
• Anthony Ittoshat and band
• Sepora Aculiak and Jobie
Kumarluk
xxxxxxxxxx
Legal T ips
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By Jocelyn Barrett, Lawyer
Sentencing
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b3é5 Wzh5 xiA3tlQ5, XyI5nsiC3bsJ6. ck3ø bZ w3cgw[4
grÌMzo3c u+b rNrx2 hQx3bsAt5nzi4V
Mr. Kinakia is charged with committing an offence. Three
months later, he is found guilty. How will the court determine Mr.
Kinakia’s sentence?
W5Jtq5 gÇzq9l
vNbs2 WdIq5 mo5hQ5, hQx3bsAtÌ3tyi6 x©t§aK6 Wdè5
mo5bsyxExc3izk5 wªyc5yxExc3ij9l, sMW3nstc3li
wkw9l x5bN3güA8ât9lQ5 Wbc5yxd9lA. hQx3bsAtÌ3i6
sfx N9ozi4 gÇZc3S6, Ì4fxl yK9ospZI3hiQ5 w3cgwps2
hQx3bsAtb3tyoDi: Wi3lc5bg6 Wi3lc5bEx9MdNA xyq9l
Wi3lg5nsq8iui4 gryd9lQ5, wkoµ5 x5bN3gütbs5Öot9lQ5
WCI5g5
X3Nâ3bsc5blt4,
Wi3lv5bts?5g5
wk8k5
wªcts5yxD8Nyd9lQ5, WCI8i6 k3cd9lA, Wi3l[symJ5
ˆ7mˆ3gf5 WNhx3bsd9lQ5,
WCI2Xg9l WCIAt[i3ui4
N7ui6
gry5yxd9lQ5
Wi3lb[i3ui4 kNo7ui9l
ck6 h3êiEc5bbui4.
Purpose and Objectives
According to the Criminal Code, the purpose of sentencing
is to contribute to respect for the law and the maintenance of a
just, peaceful, and safe society. The sentence imposed must have
at least one of the following objectives, which the judge will prioritise: to discourage the offender and others from committing
offences, to keep the general public safe by isolating offenders, to
assist in the social reintegration of offenders, to denounce unlawful conduct, to provide amends for harm done to victims, and to
promote an offender’s sense of responsibility and recognition for
the harm done to victims and to the community.
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w3cgwp grÌChxoCu
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whmQIs§aQK5 mfx Wi3liEix3bui4 X3Nym8im¯5 s{?l8î5
€8itEi3bc3im¯5, Wi3lg[is2 Wi3lymAtzA5 x9Mbsymatq5
x7ml Wi3lbsJ[i6 W7mE7u4 h3Cbsic3im¯5.
hQx3bsAtÌMzt9lA w3cg3bsJi w3cgwp grytbsAtcD8N§6
h3êic3ixgEIsJoµi4. xgi5 Wi3lX5g5 gryN5yxExc3iq8k5
w3cgwp g5yCD8NuJ6 hQx3bsAtÌMs3tNA gn3tyAtu4
gryt5yAtsZI3gu4 Ì8N €3ebsZI3g6 Wi3lÖoi3ütbsJi4 vmpsJj5. Wi3lymJ6 WA8Nstc3uJ6 w3cgw[7u gryIstZhxD8Ni3u4.
whx3©iC3bs§6 Wi3lg[i6 XyIsAtuk5 XyI5nsiC3X5,
s=Axi3ui9l bf5nst5yli xsM5ypsJi9l ˆM5yxli.
Wi3lbsJ[i6 WA8Nstc3uJ6 x9MymÔt9lA scD8Ni3u4
w3cgwpj5,
gryt5yli
Wi3lbsymi3uk5
wªyzb
h3CbsAtQymIq8i4. Wi3lbsymÔ5 x9MymJox[iq5
w3cgw[7Ëbs8iXb w3cgwpj5 whm5nysDtsQxcCI3g5.
X3Nâ3bsJ5nosMsCi w3cgwp whm5nysDtcExc3uJ6
X3Nâ3bsis2 xyxA5 hQx3bsAtcD8NCI3m¯5 mo9li WdI3i4
Wlx3gu4 w2WQIclx1axExc3g5 WdI3i4 kNc3çymJ5 Wi3lX5g5
moZq8i4.
MATTHEW PARTRIDGE
hQx3bsAtÌ3i6
Principles and Considerations
A fundamental principle guiding the judge’s decision is that the
sentence must be proportionate to the seriousness of the offence
and to the degree of responsibility of the offender.
In imposing a sentence, the judge must take into consideration any aggravating circumstances surrounding the offence,
including evidence that the offence was motivated by prejudice,
involved abuse of the offender’s spouse or child, was committing by abusing a position of trust in relation to the victim, was
committed for the benefit of a gang, or that it was related to terrorism. Other aggravating circumstances taken into consideration
include whether the crime was planned or violent, the offender’s
criminal record, and whether there were serious consequences
for the victim.
During the sentencing hearing, anything that may be relevant to the determination of the sentence may be submitted to
the judge. In order to understand the particular circumstances of
each offender, the judge may request a pre-sentence report, prepared by a probation officer. The offender has the right to be heard
in court. Circumstances that may be considered as favourable to
the offender include the fact that the offender has pleaded guilty,
expressed regret, and cooperated with authorities.
The victim has the right to submit a written statement to the
judge, describing how the crime affected his or her life. If a victim’s statement is submitted to the court, the judge must take
it into consideration.
Before imposing a jail term, the judge must consider whether
another sentencing option could be appropriate in the circumstances
and the judge must, according to the Criminal Code, pay particular attention to the circumstances of Aboriginal offenders.
MAKIVIK
WdIoEi3u4 cspQx9MD†5
magazine
Story title
9
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eu3Dxq5
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b3ei4 Wz§J3gi4H, X3Nâ3bsymZI3hil ã8 pÎ7u.
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d9oÙaix3X5 x5pŒ1qgi hQx3bsAtÌ3tyi3ui.
10
hQx3bsAtÌDtsA8Ng5
X3Nâ3bst5yi6 GtAIsi6H ra9oÙ5yxat9lA ryxi
x©tIsQx§aK6, xyxi4 hQx3bsAtu4 xtIsQx3gcD8ND8âgx3m5.
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v?mgc4f5 X3Nâ3bsym[q8i GkN[7us5 xs9MtbsA9os§5
˜mÏnj5H x3ÇÅ8i4 m3Îi4 wr8inu4 X3Nâ3bsJ5 fÑ4f5
X3Nâ3ym[q8î§at9lQ5 Gãâ8 pÎ7uH.
w3cg3bsJ5 hQx3bsAtÌD8NuJ5 xroC5nÌ3tbslt4 Wi3lg6
xrøAt5nc3ixX5 ryxis7uJ6. w3cgw[tA5 Wi3lg[i6
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kNo7uk5 st3tbsA8N§5 hQx3bsAtÌ3ht4 x3ÇÅ8i4 m3Îi4
wr8insMzgx3m5 ryxi kNo7ügi9l x5bN3gËEisI1qli.
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whm5nysDtcExc3g6
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kNo7us5
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kNo5yi w3cgw[oEpi4 vt1zpi4 s{?l8î5 w3cgw[7u
tAIst5yZhx3ts2 xrn3gts2 x9M[zk5.
Legal T ips
If a judge decides that a jail term is appropriate, the length
of time the offender has spent in preventive custody (usually in
Amos for Nunavik offenders) while awaiting the trial must be taken into account. Generally, a judge will subtract from the sentence
twice the amount of time that the offender has spent in preventive
custody. For example, Mr. Kinakia spent three months in preventive custody in Amos awaiting his trial. The judge decides at the
sentencing hearing that Mr. Kinakia must serve a 14-month sentence. The judge would then probably subtract six months (three
months times two) from the 14-month sentence and Mr. Kinakia
will be sentenced to eight months detention (14 months minus six
months), which would probably take place at St-Jérôme.
Finally, the court may not exceed the maximum sentence for
each offence indicated in the Criminal Code. Some more serious
X3Nâ3bst5yi6 GtAIsi6H
ra9oÙ5yxat9lA ryxi
x©tIsQx§aK6, xyxi4 hQx3bsAtu4
xtIsQx3gcD8ND8âgx3m5. X3Nî3bsJ5
x3ÇÅ8i4 m3Îi4 szÌil8î5 X3Nâ3bsym§aK5
v?mgc4f5 X3Nâ3bsym[q8i GkN[7us5
xs9MtbsA9os§5 ˜mÏnj5H x3ÇÅ8i4
m3Îi4 wr8inu4 X3Nâ3bsJ5 fÑ4f5
X3Nâ3ym[q8î§at9lQ5 Gãâ8 pÎ7uH.
A sentence of imprisonment (jail) will only be used
as a last resort; where no other sentence would be
justified. Sentences of imprisonment with a term
of two years or more will be served in a federal
penitentiary (Nunavik offenders are usually sent
to LaMacaza). Sentences of imprisonment for
less than two years will be served in a provincial
detention centre (usually St-Jérôme).
offences also have minimum sentences, which the judge must
apply. For example, anyone who is found guilty of driving while
impaired by alcohol or drugs must be sentenced, at a minimum,
to a fine of $600 for a first offence and to imprisonment for at
least 14 days for a second offence. The judge has the discretion to
decide, between the minimum (if there is one) and the maximum
prescribed, between a variety and scope of sentences.
Types of sentences
A sentence of imprisonment (jail) will only be used as a last
resor t; where no other sentence would be justified. Sentences
of imprisonment with a term of two years or more will be served
in a federal penitentiar y (Nunavik offenders are usually sent to
LaMacaza). Sentences of imprisonment for less than two years will
be served in a provincial detention centre (usually St-Jérôme).
The court could order the offender to pay a fine, but only if
continued on page 15
w3csm5yi6 v?m4f5
xsM5yiEQx1zymIzi4 kN[7u
xW3hi6 yx3I XÔu4
xW3hg6 ÌN mroxE
A Reminiscence on the Beginnings of
Government Administration in Nunavik
An Interview with Serge Pageau
By Dana Magliari
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iDgizi4 wo8ix[osMs3ymJA4 ryxi wfmc3tbsA8Nym1qgA5.
Dana Magliari: What were the responsibilities of a local agent?
Did you have a clear job description when [the DGNQ] sent you
[to Kangiqsujuaq]?
Serge Pageau: [laughs] We had to make sort of our own job
descriptions. My wife was a teacher, and she was starting a kindergarten, so I was there to help her. Because it’s tough to say
she was going to teach; she needed a place to teach. And then
we found out that the federal government could not provide us
with a place, so we had to build our own living quarters and our
own school. But they would not provide us with electricity. So we
had to build and maintain a generating engine to provide electricity for the house of the teacher and for the school. So, I was sort
of a jack-of-all-trades. And also, we needed contact with the outside, but there was no post office, so I used to be postmaster for
years over there. Also, a radio operator for Bell Canada, because
we used their radio. We had to contact between each settlement,
to contact with the Bell operator to call the outside, so we were
trying to fill areas where nobody used to deal with. That kept us
quite busy.
MAKIVIK
magazine
n 1963, the Government of Québec created the Direction
générale du Nouveau-Québec (DGNQ) to begin administering the
far north of the province (the region that would eventually become
Nunavik). Serge Pageau was part of the first group of men hired
by the DGNQ to serve as community agents. As the community
agent for Kangiqsujuaq, Pageau was responsible for establishing
Québec’s presence in the community. This involved many things,
including building an infrastructure, gaining acceptance from the
local population, and maintaining communication with Québec City
to keep the community supplied with food and equipment. Since
Québec had no previous presence in the community, he was often
working from scratch.
Pageau served in Kangiqsujuaq from 1963 to 1968. After holding several other positions in the north with both the provincial
and federal governments, he retired in 1997. Today Pageau lives
in Québec City, where I interviewed him in his home on June 28th,
2002. What follows is an excerpt from that interview. This interview is part of a series of interviews with former DGNQ employees
who worked in the far north during the 1960s and 1970s.
DANA MAGLIARI
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Serge Pageau.
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WNhx3tsymJu4 b3Cu !(^) x7ml !(&) x3ÇAq8i.
11
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Öm1zoµZM5yx6.
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s3hxl5bExc3XMs3gA5 s3hxlcstªIMzlQ5.
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bm4fiz WQIs?o3goµi4 wh3Esti4; wfms†5, s3hxl4,
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s5©tQlA
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x9Mymt9lQ5. b=ÅN wo5yMs3ymJz wk8i4 wvJD8NCIExu4.
And you have to realize that there was no running water. So
that meant that in the winter, we had to get water somewhere. We
used to cut ice blocks on the lake, and then, to move those blocks
into the settlement, and then each day move the blocks into the
tank so they would melt to provide water. We needed manpower to do it. You don’t realize that electricity — you know, you just
flick the switch — no, you have to create [it]. To make electricity, you just don’t push a button. You need fuel. At the time, there
was no tank, no oil delivery, so you needed to pump the fuel from
the drums to the tank inside the power station.
So you needed a lot of effort just to maintain one classroom.
Because you need all that modern support; electricity, oil, heating, and so on. And we used to provide the kids with a hot meal,
because most of them didn’t have anything else than a cold cup
of tea and a piece of bannock (…). So we had a pile of biscuits
and soup for them when they came to school. Otherwise, it’s very
hard to teach people who had empty stomachs.
And also, we were helping people. When the Inuit people
received a letter, let’s say, from the federal government for their
pension, and it said, “We cannot give you the pension because you
didn’t fill your family name. So we are sending the forms back and
please provide us with family names.” That’s how I realized that it
was an area where we could help people. So we created population lists. I talked with the people and said, “We need absolutely,
and in the future, you need to have a family name. Now, you are
giving names between each other. But when your name goes outside [goes to government offices down south], the system won’t
c9lû4 x5ygwi6
Naming the Qallunaak
u v9Ms2 xW3hiEMsIz µ5tsy xmDxo7u4 S[3igusu4
srso7u4 &#-i4 sçI[iq5b wMq5 sfx. µ5tsy gryt5yMsJ6
yMÌius5 trZu4 wk8k5 x5ybs§[isiq8i4.
ere is an excerpt from an inter view conducted this past
winter by Sammy Kudluk with 73-year-old Maatiusi Amarualik
of Puvirnituq. Among other topics, Mr. Amarualik described how
visitors from outside were normally assigned with names
by the Inuit.
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Whenever an Inuk seen a qallunaak (white person)
with a distinct feature, he would give him a name. For
example if, at that time, I was a qallunaak named Maatiusi
Amarualik, the Inuit wouldn’t have called me Maatiusi
Amarualik; they would have named me differently according to my appearance, stature, and interests as well as my
beard, wrinkles and ears, or if I was potbellied. We used
to name them according to what their appearance would
tell us. Inuit wouldn’t bother with their real names as they
were already named once they were confirmed by their
appearance. Once an Inuk seen a qallunaak, he gave him
a name and that name stuck all the while he is in the community. If the qallunaak goes away and is absent for a period of
time and later returns, he will be referred by his nickname and
everyone will know who he is even though they may not know
his real name. Every qallunaak that arrived was automatically
given a nickname.
BOB MESHER
ñ
12
Serge Pageau Remembers
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accept it. So let’s say a family name is the same name as [your]
brothers and sisters have. Let’s say we will take your deceased
father as family name.” So all the sons and daughters of that person will have the same family name.
That’s how we created family names. We put them [names]
on the [population] list, and then we filled the forms, and then
the checks came in.
DM: Were [people] only going by one name then?
SP: Oh, no! In a community, a person has as many names as
there are people in the community. People will call a woman who
help — how do I call that? Sage-femme — which is the woman
who helps the other woman having a birth.
DM: Oh, midwife.
SP: Midwife. So they would call her, “Hi, my midwife.” If a person has the same name, let’s say Peter, as you, then you’ve got
some kind of relationship from the name. So, they will call you, “Hi,
my bone.” And then, my wife will call that [other] person called
Peter, “Hi, my husband.” Because there is a relationship through
the name. [laughs] It was good for anthropologists, or whatever, to
look at it, but for administrative purposes, it was not practical.
Before, they had disk numbers. B9 or E8. So when they were
born, they were given a number. Like our social security today,
but at the time, the number was used because each person who
wrote their names would write it differently. So as we had a system that worked alphabetically, you couldn’t find the same person
in the system. So they gave them the disk number, because of the
contact we needed with the outside people.
DM: What attracted you to this job in the first place?
SP: It all started on a Christmas night. A friend of mine who
belonged to the same choir in the church. And a friend of his who
was one of the first civil servants hired to go to the north, came
magazine
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MAKIVIK
vqhJx2 x5paxz.
A contemporary view of Kangiqsujuaq.
Story title
ISABELLE DUBOIS
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13
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x5¥oMs3ymJ6 Notre Dame of Quaqtaq-u4. grymZi dx3bs2
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14
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with us to sing, and he introduced us to the place. His name was
Michel Brochu, who wrote the book called Le défi du NouveauQuébec, [The Challenge of New Québec]. And after that night I
grabbed that book and read it from [chuckles] cover to cover, and
said, “Hey that’s an opportunity.”
At the time, in the ‘60s, my friends were going to Africa as
lay missionaries and so on, so I was looking for a challenge, [and
that book] created that challenge. I always wanted to go work in
the north because when I was younger I wanted to be [with the]
RCMP, the mounted police.
[Brochu] was a geographer, he had two doctorates, in Geography
and Geology. He went [to the north], and he didn’t like the Englishspeaking people for some reason. He decided to give French names
to the Inuit settlements. So, there was a place called Quaqtaq.
Quaqtaq means “a worm, intestine worm.” That place had been
called that because the people used to live there had that kind of
a worm because they were eating walrus and so on. So he decided
to call it Notre Dame of Quaqtaq. So if you translate it, it’s named
“Notre Dame of the intestine worm.” [laughs]. He didn’t know the
meaning of Quaqtaq at the time.
Also, he called a place called Inukjuak, Paul Aparousse. Paul
Aparousse was the name of the ship of d’Iberville, the Frenchman
who went to fight the English in Churchill on Hudson’s Bay in
the 18th century. The names have some relationship with the
north, but the way he did it was the same as the people who
went there [early explorers]; “We are the ones who have the
power, so will decide how we will name the place.”
But it took many many years before the governments introduced a way to let the people call the place the way it used to
be. Like, Fort-Chimo went to Kuujjuaq, like Frobisher Bay went to
Iqaluit, you know. There was more power within the Inuit populations, and then it translated to the place where they live. When
you are powerless, you let it go, but when you have the chance,
you say, “Hey, we would like to [name] our place, even if it’s hard
to pronounce.”
DM: When you arrived as a representative of the provincial
government, how did the local population accept you?
SP: We were foreigners. We were the uiuimiut.
The French people, when they say “oui,” which means “yes,”
some French will say, “Oui oui oui. Oui oui oui.” For the Inuit, it was
easy to pick that sound because ‘ui’ means ‘spouse’ in their language. So, we [French speakers] have been named the uiuimiut.
And the Inuit people nicknamed us. All the whites that go
there, even now, were given nicknames. Some were described
[by] the way they walked, or what they wore, what they looked
like. They called me Siutialuk because I had big hair. My wife was
called Uppatikallak which means “the nice butt” [laughs] because
she was wearing tight pants, and because all the women at the
time were wearing skirts, even in winter, over their pants. But it
was the first time that they saw a white woman there with tight
jeans. [chuckles again]
When you listen to an Inuk word for the first time, it takes
time before you hear it the right way. So that’s why we worked
with children. Children used to come home to clean the gardens,
PUASIE UQITTUQ
yx3/ XÔ w3csmJ6
Serge Pageau Remembers
Legal Tips – continued from page 10
SAMMY KUDLUK
the offender has the capacity to pay. A court may order that the
offender reimburse the victim by paying an amount of money to
replace lost or damaged property. If the victim suffered physical
harm, the offender could be ordered to pay the victim an amount
equal to the victim’s loss of income.
When the judge decides that although the offender is guilty,
it is appropriate not to impose a sentence, the offender will be
given an absolute or conditional discharge. If the discharge is conditional, the offender will be on probation.
The judge could decide to simply sentence an offender to
probation. The probation order will direct the offender to respect
certain conditions during a certain period of time, up to a maximum
of four years. Conditions could include meetings with a probation
officer, community work, and an interdiction against consuming
alcohol and drugs.
If a conditional sentence of imprisonment is imposed, the
of fender will be allowed
to ser ve the sentence in
the community, subject to
complying with the conditions of the conditional
sentence order. Conditions
must include keeping the
peace and being of good
behaviour and reporting reg-
DM: Did your Inuktitut get pretty good, then?
SP: Yes. Now, I haven’t spoken for years. But sometimes I
meet an Inuk on the street, because they visit. They are tourists
in Québec, or sometimes they come for work, and I still have some
good friends come around that give me the opportunity to practice and to greet them. So, to me, I invested a lot of time, but it
provided me with a lot of joy, and that allowed me to get in touch
with the people.
Last summer, I went on an expedition with my wife in the
Nor thwest Territories [Nunavut] National Park that’s called
Auyuittuq. That means, “the place where the land doesn’t melt.”
It did melt, but that’s another story. But I went to a place called
Pagnirtung, and by then I was speaking with people in Inuktitut,
and they said, “Are you a priest or Anglican missionary? Because
only they can speak our language.” [chuckles]. And then everybody in the community stopped me and said, “Hey, are you the
one who could speak our language?” So I found out that it was
quite important for them. The people appreciate those who have
made the effort to learn their language.
ularly to a supervisor. A conditional sentence may only be ordered
if the sentence is less than two years and the judge is satisfied
that allowing the offender to serve the sentence in the community would not endanger the safety of the community.
The judge deciding Mr. Kinakia’s sentence must take into
consideration and weigh many circumstances and factors, but the
ultimate decision will be made in the hope of keeping the community safe. If you have concerns about the sentencing practices
affecting your community, please do not hesitate to contact your
local justice committee or the Crown Prosecutor’s office.
magazine
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sçA8Ng6V W7mEst5yQxq5 gryMsI4v. wkw5 sWAh§a7mb
scsyz5 wo8ixbsymgx3m5.
even to visit just to see how the white men lived, and they helped
us to learn their language. Because they will repeat a word twenty times, and then they will laugh because you will repeat it the
wrong way. And adults would get tired, but for kids, they really
loved it, and they also loved the cookies that we served them at
the time. [laughs]. But anyway, we were helping each other, and
kids help us a lot to learn the language because they have the
patience to repeat and repeat, and not be fussy about their language, you know. And then when they provide us with too difficult
words, we ask them to pronounce one of our words, which is difficult. So that settled it. [laughs]. It was sort of a game.
I think we were well accepted by the people because we were
eager to learn their language. You don’t know how the people think
if you don’t learn their language. If you go through an interpreter,
some meaning will be lost. It allowed me to talk with the adults.
Kids were star ting to learn some English at the school. But to
get in touch with the adults, none of them spoke either French or
English, so if I could speak with them, we would know each other
and we could work together. So, I think that the people appreciated the fact that most of the Québec local agents learned the
language. And they say there are some teachers and some traders who had been there 10 years, and they don’t know even to
say “thank you” in [Inuktitut].
MAKIVIK
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wkw5 wh7myq8i4 cspmN§a1qm5 scsyzi4 grymZi.
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wo8ixt5yº5 u3do8ix†9l x3ÇAi4 doi4 trymoClxCu4
Nf3üExu4 wk5tg5 scD8Nym1qg5.
15
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vtm[zîMsJ5 bm5huz sçAtcEx3ghi.
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x8bE gzoEo3bzi4 bmszMsJK6 bmszExzMs3ym5hi m3Î4
x3ÇÅ4 xiA3©4.
16
Federal Office
in Nunavik?
I
nuit leaders in Nunavik say that the region could benefit very
much from having a Canadian government office up here. On
September 21st, André Côté, director of Indian and Northern Affairs
Canada (INAC) for Québec, was in the Makivik boardroom to discuss this very matter.
Our corporate secretary, George Berthe, who was at the meeting along with the other Makivik executives as well as Johnny
Adams of KRG, said to André, “ As an elected member of the
Makivik board representing Nunavik,
I sincerely ask that the federal government start breaking ground and
put an office here. There are a lot of
federal programs that we don’t hear
about. No federal person can hang
their hat on a rack here and there are
no shelves to put your pamphlets on.
Inuit of Nunavik don’t know enough
about the federal government and I
think this is a good chance.”
Others reiterated his views at
the table, suggesting a number of
possible federal services that could
be conducted at such an of fice.
Among other ideas, these suggestions included a passport office, a
gun licensing registry, federal benefits programs such as the Child
Tax Credit, Canada Customs and Revenue, Statistics Canada, the
Canadian Food Inspection Agency, the Canadian Rangers, a point
of entry for travellers from outside of Canada, and the imminent
Inuit Secretariat of INAC.
Although no official commitment was made during the meeting, the final opinion was that it would be better to start with a
small federal office, which would have the potential to grow as
specific needs were realized and prioritized. It was André’s second trip to the area, the first being two years ago.
BOB MESHER X 2
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w
wk5tg5: s9lu §aÔZlx6 cs2X5
xysgw8NExcD8N5ncV
Ìk9 m Öl
mrx9 wo8ix[3Jxzi
Inuktitut: Strong Today,
Gone Tomorrow?
Donald M. Taylor, PhD
McGill University
m
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magazine
wo8ixbui4 ryxZgxø5.
Concentrating in the classroom.
MAKIVIK
BOB MESHER
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h3dwbsym9lgc5buZt4.
n the previous editions of Makivik Magazine, I have presented scientific research related to language that was designed to
maximize the educational and cultural experiences of children in
Nunavik. For this edition, I want to take a step back and share with
you some observations about the status of Inuktitut in Nunavik. I
feel compelled to do this because I am worried that unless we all
do something, and do it quickly, we may be witnessing the death
of Inuktitut before our very eyes.
17
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Status of Inuktitut
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18
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BOB MESHER
s9lusJ6, cEbsItA gê8NbD8Ni6 wo8ixti4 xsM5èmJ6.
Today the Internet influences students.
Aboriginal Languages in General
There was a time when Canada could proudly count 53
different Aboriginal groups. The groups varied in size, but each had
its own territory, culture, language, and life-style, and each lived
everyday with pride and dignity. At the heart of each group’s cultural identity was its own language, a vehicle for communication,
solidarity and identity. When Europeans arrived, life for Aboriginal
groups changed dramatically and forever. First Nations groups had
their lands taken from them and they were banished to reserves
while Inuit were forced to abandon their lifestyle and forced into
settlements.
Symbolic of the European destruction of Aboriginal cultural identities is the fact that exper ts, as well as the Standing
Committee on Aboriginal Affairs, have determined that of the 53
different groups, only three groups have a language that can be
described as functional and healthy. All the remaining 50 groups
have virtually lost their language, and now communicate almost
exclusively in English or French. Only three have maintained their
language. And, yes, Inuktitut is one of the three — the other two
being Cree and OjiÖa.
But let’s not celebrate too quickly. While Cree and OjiÖa are
judged to be healthy languages, the truth is that only about half
of the members of these two groups can speak their heritage language. Anything below about 90 percent is surely not healthy, and
yet 50 groups have languages that are “endangered” or on “the
verge of extinction.” And there are even questions about the three
that are deemed healthy.
Inuit Languages
Inuktitut is one of the three languages that are judged to be
“healthy,” but we need to examine this claim in more detail. Let’s
start with Nunavik, where over 90 percent of Inuit are fluent in
Inuktitut. Now that’s a healthy language situation! However, as
you move fur ther west across Nor thern Canada, the picture is
not as rosy. Many Inuit in the far west have lost their Inuktitut. In
Nunavut Inuktitut fluency and use varies widely, but certainly in
the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut, English dominates over Inuktitut.
In most other regions, then, fluency is nowhere near the 90 percent level.
Inuktitut in Nunavik
On the surface, then, we should be confident because of the
healthy state of Inuktitut, and feeling sympathetic and supportive towards those Inuit who have lost their heritage language.
But there are signs ever ywhere that Inuktitut in Nunavik is on
the decline. For example, we conducted formal language surveys in communities such as Kuujjuaq, Inukjuak, Kuujjuaraapik,
Akulivik and Quaqtaq. A similar profile arose in all communities.
Inuktitut was the strongest language and nearly everybody functioned effectively in Inuktitut. But there were clear signs that
English, and to some extent French, were starting to take over.
English and French were especially strong in the work place and
among young people.
The trend toward English and French for young people is worrisome. The age distribution in Nunavik is heavily weighted toward
SAMMY KUDLUK
Story title
wo8ixti4 vtIc3ht4.
Meeting with the students.
young people, and they represent the future. Do we want them to
be fluent in English and/or French? Of course we do, but not at
the expense of their Inuktitut.
Worry about the decline in Inuktitut comes from other sources as well. Elders often tell me “young people don’t speak fluent
Inuktitut. They don’t know the complex structures and endings anymore.” Others are shocked at how many English and French words
and phrases people insert into their Inuktitut when they speak.
Our Youth and Inuktitut
If Inuktitut is to remain strong, it is the youth of Nunavik
who will carry the language forward. What are Nunavik’s youth
exposed to in terms of language? Young people do grow up in
families where they are exposed to Inuktitut. They hear Inuktitut
everywhere in the community and they hear it on the FM. Young
people even hear Inuktitut in the classroom at school for their
first few years. It would be tempting to feel optimistic about the
future for Inuktitut.
But wait, young people have other language influences in
their life. First, in competition with the FM is the ever-present
television that spews English or French all day and night from a
hundred different channels. Listen to the music and watch the
movies young people bring home: they are all in English and occasionally French. And what about their experience with language
at school? Inuktitut ends in Grade 2 or Grade 3, after that it’s all
English or French.
What we have to worr y about even more than how much
English and French young people use, is the “image” of English
magazine
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MAKIVIK
xxxxxxxxxx
19
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grym5yxlA wk5tg5 scsys2 x5bN3iz kN[7u W7mEsi3XsK6
x9lExDtQlA. w2WAhZhx5yxD5b whw9oMeAbsA8Ngi4
k3ct5yA8NC5b vœh5yxD5bl h4fgw8NExco3g5 €3eA8Nht4.
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bf8Nc5bdlQ5.
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s{?l8î5 wk5tg5 scsy3u4 wo8ixli scEs5yxChx3lA.
Status of Inuktitut
and French compared to Inuktitut. Yes, Inuktitut is used in school,
but only for the early grades. Difficult courses in secondary school
are all taught in the second language, leaving the impression that
Inuktitut is really only a language for children. This image is reinforced by the growing use of second languages in formal work place
situations. Not only do young people have the idea that English
and French have more status than Inuktitut, they also develop
the idea that English and French are “cool” and that Inuktitut is
“uncool.” This is only natural when their rock stars, sports heroes,
and the people they look up to on TV in their Gap ™ and Tommy
Hilfiger ™ clothes are all Qallunaak. And, when young people hang
out and chat about their favourite topics from sports to fashion
to movies, or any technical topic to do with computers and other technical gadgets, they find there are no Inuktitut words for
what they want to say. So, naturally their Inuktitut is filled with
English and French words and phrases to capture
their modern reality.
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20
What can we do?
We all have a role to play in protecting and growing Inuktitut. Just being aware of the fragile state
of Inuktitut in Nunavik is an impor tant first step.
Awareness breeds vigilance and hopefully action to
reverse the trend. We can begin by talking Inuktitut
with each other and with young people. We can
also begin to set some limits on television in our
Makivik has legislated that to hold office a person must
homes. Maybe limiting TV to cer tain hours of the
be fluent in, or at least studying to become fluent in,
day and insisting that everybody watch any shows
Inuktitut. The school board is in the process of increasing in Inuktitut.
it’s Inuktitut presence and many religious services are
Formal organizations can take a leadership role.
Makivik has legislated that to hold office a person
conducted in Inuktitut. These are both practically, and
must be fluent in, or at least studying to become flusymbolically, important first steps.
ent in, Inuktitut. The school board is in the process of
increasing it’s Inuktitut presence and many religious
wo8ixioEi6 WNhxc5buJ6 wk5tg5 scsys2 xg3bsizi4
services are conducted in Inuktitut. These are both practically,
xqo?9oxt5yZhx3hi xuh9l g5yxic§a5ht4 wk5tg5.
and symbolically, important first steps. We need more participaÌ4fx yK9oXs5ht4 x9lEx3isht4 W7mEsJ5. xuhQx9Mk5
tion from more organizations and we need those that have already
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taken steps to be increasingly creative. Holding meetings in
vJy5yxd5hQ5. vt1zogxDt4 wk5tg5 vt1zctŒ2Xlt4, scsys2
Inuktitut whenever possible, where translation is needed making
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Inuktitut the lead language, and listing the desirability for fluency
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in Inuktitut for all job postings in Nunavik, are just a few examW7mEstbsc5bli, bm4fx xu§1qg5 s5gCstgw8â5
ples that would send a message to young people that Inuktitut
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has status and is valued.
xg3ic3izi4.
Finally, no language is static. New words are added to English
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and French all the time, especially as it becomes necessar y to
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communicate about new technologies. We need to do the same
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for Inuktitut. We need to invent vocabular y in Inuktitut so that
wk5tg5 s[Z3gw5 sçctŒA8Nd9lQ5 xoxQIui4 gn3iQIui4
young people can converse about their favourite topics completesi4ÏoDt4.
ly in Inuktitut.
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If I have sounded an alarm bell, it’s because it really needs
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to be rung. If we don’t act now Inuktitut, which is strong today,
Wbc1qgDgw8NExc3m5.
will be gone tomorrow.
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The full reports of the language surveys can be obtained from
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the Kativik School Board, Training and Research Department, PO
fÑ4, J0M 1C0 G*!(-(^$-@$!@H.
Box 819, Kuujjuaq, Québec, J0M 1C0 (819-964-2412).
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g1zN3gu4 iWc3[sJ5 s[Z3gw5 wkdtq5
wkw5 kNzi
The Arctic Children and Youth Foundation:
A Welcome Voice for Young People in the North
T
he positive response to the Yellow Ribbon Campaign initiated by the Arctic Children and Youth Foundation has been most
encouraging. Northerners in schools and colleges, non-governmental organizations, community groups, churches and police units
have responded to the invitation to participate in the Foundation’s
activities, starting with the distribution of Yellow Ribbon cards.
The potential to help improve the lives of youth and children in
nor thern Canada is star ting to be realized.” Headed by former
Ambassador for Circumpolar Affairs, Mary Simon, the ACYF is positioning itself to assist Arctic children and youth to improve their
standards of living, education, opportunities, health, and well-being. In an interview
with Makivik Magazine, Mary began, “The
Foundation is set up and we have applied
for charitable status.”
The ACYF is appealing for collaboration
of the public and private sectors, as well
as the research community, non-governmental organizations, municipalities, and
all those who have a stake in and an interest in the sustainable development of the
Arctic. “With governments, it’s very hard
to get money sometimes for children and
youth issues. So we are going to fundraise
with the private sector — with big businesses that are doing business in the North. Not just Inuit-owned
businesses, but other businesses and people who are making a
lot of money from the North,” says Mary.
Right from its starting point, the Foundation stresses at every
opportunity that they have no intention of duplicating any work
already underway. Rather, as Mary points out, “We are going to
work in partnership with other organizations. We are not trying
to take over what others are doing. We’re trying to help build a
stronger youth society.”
Among the ACYF’s list of objectives, they will work with governments and agencies that serve children to make sure initiatives
are best suited for conditions in the North and are effectively implemented for positive outcomes. One of their top priorities is for the
prevention of suicide and substance abuse. Toward these ends, the
Foundation will work to reduce factors of hopelessness, isolation,
and poverty that lead to such self-destructive behaviours.
Their program strategy aims towards mental health for Arctic
children and youth, taking into account related data and recommendations from initiatives such as the National Action Plan called A
magazine
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ckwqyxd9lQ5 srs3b©2 WxCq9l s[Z3gq9l, r9oc3[QlQ5
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sfx vNboµu Wix3isix3gw5 X3Nymstq5 ÖIsAyc3ht4 sfiz
MAKIVIK
W
21
Wxê5 s[Z3gwl g1z[z
Canada Fit for Children. “A lot of the issues that affect our young
people right now are not so much their physical health, but their
mental health. It’s not huge things that will
make a difference,” says Mary, “We need
to help kids to feel good about themselves
and to help build their self-esteem.”
“It’s all about balancing your outlook
on life, who you are and how you deal with
your issues: How do you come to terms with
the fact that you live in a very small community where you are never going to have the
same opportunities for the things that you
see on television? There are lots of jobs in
the North that Inuit could take but people
don’t have the confidence and conviction to get there when, in
fact, you can do whatever you want in life, really, when you think
about it,” Mary says.
The Foundation is seeking suppor t and par tnerships with territorial governments, Aboriginal
organizations and NGOs for a community outreach
process based on a proposal by the Centre for Suicide
Prevention, a program of the Canadian Mental health
Association, Alberta Division. The program is described
in A Manual of Promising Suicide Prevention Strategies.
Three communities that have a high incidence of teen
suicides or other problems linked with depression and
mental disorders will be selected for a pilot project.
Their full involvement will be essential. Each of the
selected communities is to identify its current assets
and situation for the development and implementation
of a community-wide plan that contributes to suicide prevention.
This means examining community renewal efforts, community edu-
srs3bgu WxCw9l s[Z3gwl g1z[zb WNhxZq5
The ACYF Summary of Process
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g1z[sJ6 wà¬c5bix3S6:6:
Recognizing the responsibilities and jurisdiction of territorial and aboriginal governments in the North in relation to children
and youth, the Foundation will:
«
•
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PUASIE UQITTUQ
PUASIE UQITTUQ
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«
22
•
•
•
Work with northern governments and agencies to assist, as
appropriate, in coordination of programs relating to children
and youth;
Work with local, regional and territorial authorities to identify
and create opportunities for children and youth, particularly
opportunities at a national or international level;
Act as a focal point for local, regional and territorial authorities who are seeking access to information on national and
international programs for children and youth;
Assist or facilitate, as appropriate, Arctic communities in their
liaison with national and international organizations offering
programs for children and youth.
BOB MESHER
magazine
MAKIVIK
kNo5tA5
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w7uix3Öomt5yi3u4
cation efforts, school efforts, and youth/family efforts.
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“We are going to work with individuals to identify what they
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think is going on in the community that is causing this and see
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how we can address it through community involvement because
>WNhxctcc5bMzJA5 wk©that’s what it is going to take. Unless
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you have practical activities or projects
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that will deal with the problems in the
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bflQ5 ck3©Dtsix3g5 kNø5 wMcommunity, it doesn’t really help the
tusJi4. wNœZhx5Iq5gA5
scbsizA5 Öà5gtÅExcMzZ5b.
people. I agree that we have to talk
xy5b WNhx‰3bq8i4. wvJChc5yAt5nc1qgxDi WNhxC5nc1qabout this and to acknowledge when
fi¬8î5 kNø5 WNwlbq8i4 ckwosthere is a real problem, but we need
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to get our young people to celebrate
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life,” Mary explains.
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This community outreach pro“We are going to work
WNwlbs9MEQxzi4, ryxi s[4vdgram will involve collaboration with
t5tªExc3gA5 sWAhctQlQ5 wªy3u4,>
organizations such as the Canadian
in partnership with other
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Red Cross, the Centre for Suicide
organizations. We are not trying to Prevention, and governments. Among
kNo8i4 wvJ3yZhxo3Xb WNhtake over what others are doing.
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other efforts, the proven Yellow Ribbon
xsX3gu4 n8izJosiC3bsJ5 swmN3gcSuicide Prevention Campaign will also
We’re trying to help build a
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be implemented with adaptations spestronger youth society.”
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cific to the North. The Yellow Ribbon
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sfiz
Campaign involves making cards availYellow Ribbon Suicide Prevention
able to young people who may possibly
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be distressed. These cards can be handed to anyone who may be
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of help during a time when an individual is having a hard time, with
y4rbü5gu4 s[Z3gk5 xoxN1qgügw8NExo8k5. b4fx x9M[5ã5
instructions for the receiver to make sure that the person in disxgw8NstbsA8Ng5 rNgw8Nf8k5 wvJChx3gk5 wk©ˆ3tgu4
tress gets the positive attention and help that they need.
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“This program has been ver y successful in other par ts of
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North America and countries around the world. It is very simple
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but effective,” Mary explains, “I have written to all the schools
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in the North so they will talk to the students and the parents and
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then we will make sure the cards are available in places where
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kids hang out. A lot of times it is very hard to express how you
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feel when you’re depressed or when you’re not feeling well about
23
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24
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WNhxD5IsAtq8i4 sfx cspQx3[QA8Nbt5
cEbsI4f5: [email protected]
gê8Ngu4 Eg5ym[4f5 cEbsIu: www.acyf.org
sçMstz: !-*!(-((&-($*)
To participate or get more information about the Arctic Children
and Youth Foundation, please refer to the following sources.
Email: [email protected]
On the Internet: www.acyf.org
Telephone: 1-819-997-9480
PUASIE UQITTUQ
BOB MESHER
Öm b4fiz y4rbu x9MbsmJi4 xgw8Nsix3mb Nioµ3ht4
yourself.” Mary says, “This is not an elaborate or expensive projs[Z3gk5 sX5bsm§ZM8i4. WIExgJ7mEs§aK6 sçZhxExu4 ck6
ect but we hope it will help to get people to acknowledge the need
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for positive action in the community.”
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The Foundation’s plans are also to make available skills and
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opportunities for more increased fulfillment in the lives of young
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people in the North. These include culturally-appropriate conflict
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resolution skills, improved opporxgw8Nst5yix3lt4 WJ8NbsJi9l
tunities in literacy and numeracy
W[5nsJi9l wMsi3nsd9lQ5 s[Z3gw5
education, and enhanced possibiliwkdtq5 wkw5 kNzi. bm4fx
ties for the use of technology such
wMc3g5 wl3Dy3tA5 ˆ7mˆ3ymJi4
as the development of Arctic-based
ˆ7mnst1qi3u4
grbEAy3i4,
web sites targeted specifically to
W[5nc3inslt9l x9MA8Nyx3iu4
the interests, culture and inforry5yAtoEi3ul wo8ixAti4, x7ml
mation needs of Arctic children
xgD8N[c5yxi3nslt4
nNmJi4
and youth.
s5©tQlA W?9oxtbsJc3li srs3bgu
The ACYF hopes also to place
g1z[c3gu4 cEbsIü5gn3i4 gÇzitself in a position to speak for the
[c3tlQ5 srs3bgus5 WxCq5bl
interests of Arctic children and
s[Z3gq5bl r1åmQIq8i4 WJ5nyouth at national and international
s÷3if5, wl3DytA9l grymQxc3ilevels, and to identify and prepare
f9l.
youth representatives who are
uxp ãm8 ƒ4Jx2 yî5g6 ºu ƒ4gl tx?8 Wsn8l w5y?t9lQ4
suxv9Mu uxps2 szÌi5ht4.
b4fx s[Z3goEA†5 iEsQIc3uJ5
interested and capable of assumMary Simon on the beach in Kuujjuaq, while Jimmy Kooktook
i5÷A8N[c3ixExu4 WJ5ns÷DbsJi4
ing representational roles at such
and Devon Pearson sit on a Peterhead boat in the background.
srs3b©2 WxCq8kl s[4vq8kl
events. As Mary explains, “What
vNbusoµtA5 kN3JxusoµtA9l,
happens now is that the federal
x7ml wobElQ5 X3NlQ9l s[Z3gw5 r=Zg3tq5 WJ5ns÷3ic3gi4
government, because they have to invite several organizations to
tAuxD8Ngi9l r=Zg3tsi3u4 vtmico3Xb. uxp gryt5yQxMsJK6
represent the young people, do not invite anybody. But if we have
wµ4, >µ8Nst9lA v?mgc4f5, òdpQxc§aZu4 xuhZM8i4 tusJi4
the mandate to represent kids at these meetings then we can
r=Zg3gi4 s[Z3gw5 wkdtq8i4, rNu9¬î5 òdp§aqmb. ryxi
speak on their behalf.”
toIsmAtcD5b r=ZgD8NExu4 bm4fiz WxC3i4 bm4fNi
To accomplish their objectives will require much colvtmi3i, Öm sçA5pA8NbK5 r=Zg3lQ5.>
laboration and input from many interested sources.
gÇZ3ui4 WAt5nq8k5 WNhxctŒ5gmEsQxcMzJ5
“It is not so much what the Foundation will do
ckwoIsJc3lil xuhi4 W[5nsJi4. >b8N
on its own. We keep emphasizing that we want
g1z[sJ6 b8NgxaMz5Iq5g6. scw8Nc5bgA5
to work in partnership with other organizations.
WNhxctcDmi5ti4 xyq8i4 tusJi4.
Although we are going to be doing a lot of fund®NsIi4 kw5yZhx7mEMzZlx3gA5, ®NsIi4
raising, we are not necessarily going to be a
kw5ypgw8NsMz5Iq5gA5, ryxi WNhxctcDmJA5
funding agency, but we want to partner with
xyq8i4 WA5ppsJi4 s5©tQlQ5 s[Z3gw5
other groups such as youth organizations,”
tudtq8i4,> ÖmwoMsJK6 uxp.
Mary says.
b8N whoAtcMsJK6 wào5hi, >bm8N
She concludes, “It takes time to do this
xfi WNhx3bsQxc§aK6 ryxi WI‰CbMzJ6
sort of thing but in time it will come and, hopefulx7ml iEs8ixhb WD3ixt9lA xqoJ7mEsli. b8N
ly, it will grow into something significant. It’s a bit like
Wsyc3gÔ÷3g6 b4fxtg5 wkw5 yM3Jxus5 vtmp7mEq5,
the Inuit Circumpolar Conference, when we first started.
bm5huz WQx1zyt5yMs3ymZ5b. wMscbsymKz
I was involved with the negotiations for the charter and
xqctŒZhxDbst9lQ5 WdI7mE5nq9l Wd÷W5nq9l x7ml
the bylaws and it took a few years before people actually startxu§q©Zlxi4 x3ÇA3gMsJ5ht4 bm4fkz wk8k5 w2WQIsiq5.
ed to pay attention to it. So it’s a similar kind of process that you
Öà7m5 Öm5nwNZ˜4 bm8N Wsyc3uJ6 wMscbs5hi czgw8Nf5
get involved in whenever you start up a new organization. But it’s
WQx3tbsJco3m5 kbu4 tusJu4. ryxi b8N r1åmN3g6.>
certainly needed.”
Wix3iK5
Piniarnivut
øn dW3Dxl4, gnc5bstAtoEi3u4 WNh5t
Lisa Koperqualuk, Communications Officer
A Similarity and a Connection
with Sami: The Sami Have Reindeer
and We’ve Got Caribou.
x9Mbq5 øn dW3Dx¬2
O
LISA KOPERQUALUK
Ngw8N6 whmZhxDtcD8NS6 ck6 ñu5nIsiC3gl wkgw8âl
ne wonders what the Sami and Inuit would have in common.
x5pŒaic3m¯b. nirlx6V nir, nir, nirlx6, nirlx[î6¡
Sanikiluaq? Saniki, saniki, sanikiluaq, sanikiluaviniiq! Did Sanikiluaq
nirlxE8ˆ x3Xq3g[is1q©Zlx6 ÌKzoµ6 ñ2ü5 kNzk5V
run all the way to Sapmi? No. Does Lumaaq swim there to Sapmi?
lmÔ6 Ì?5hm ñ2us2 wmzi bfIs?2ÙV xsv eMlá5 ÌK1z§a1Qm5,
No, the beluga do not go that far; and there is definitely no simiwkq5bl scsyq5 wkgw8â5 scsyzb nixi8isICi,
larity in the language either, nor in dress, or habits, or customs.
x8kC3ymsyq9l x5pc8isICt4, ckgw8Nl hZhx3iq5
The Sami live in the Nordic countries of Finland, Sweden, Norway,
wkgw8Nk5 x5pQIsZt4, wl3dy3uA9l Wsyq5 x5pc3isI3uZt4.
and Russia, and they are the indigenous people of these countries.
bm4fx ñusiC3g5 kNc3S5 bEs2 xrxb xgx3izi4 sfNi
In Sami language they call their territory Sapmi, which translates
kNo3Jxi kNym[c3ht4, [8M8, hKwb8, kxAw x7ml Îyx,
into Land of the Sami. Several Inuit from Nunavik had the opporÌ?5hm kNogc5nIdtQIq5. scsy3uA5 ñutg5 kNui4 ÖZsyz5
tunity to go to Sapmi this summer and found out what similarities
grc3g6 wµ4 ñü5 kNz. xuhAlw5 wkgw8â5 kN[7u5 WymJ5
exist besides being blonde and blue-eyed!
ñ2üoxD8NyMsJK5 b4vi xsIsMs3guFsW3¯aMs3gu Ì?i5ht9l
Sapmi extends across the four Nordic states, where historically
bfJ8NyIcMsJK5 ck6 x5pŒ8ic3m¯b x5pc3isI1qvlx3ht4
no state borders had existed. When the borders were established
kIq8i4 d3hbi4 wpq8il gaJ3gi4¡
in the 1800s, the Sami
ñ2 ü 5 k Nq 5 k N o 3 M s J i y b m i
traditional way of life
g 1 Z [ c3 g 5 , Ö 5 h m i x l4 k N o 3 J x z5
was affected by rules
x[5gymicMs3iq5g6. x3ÇAw5 !*))introduced by the new
ª o 3 i m b i 5 , ñ ü 5 w l3 d y g c3 z5
governing states. An
h3Cbso3g[i6 bm4fx moZsJ5 kÌk5
example of change was
v?msJk5 n3etbsiq8k5. s5gCst5nyxaJ6
when the use of tradixy5ptbsi[iq8i4 m8N Ö4fx kNdttional lands for reindeer
gcq5 g5gdtu8i4 iENhx3ty[Q?5b[iq5
herders became restrictwhmu{[QA8ND8âi3mQ5; g5gdtø5 kNj5
ed; where a reindeer
Njgw8N6 É3cè3tbsMs3imb h3cè3tbs5ht4
herder travelled with
v?msJ5 kNi4 tt3gwiq8k5. ñü5 Ö5hmi
his reindeer he could
szy5b‰Do3g[î5 bƒtcI1qi3nD3ht9l.
no longer go because
bm4fx ÖàymZlx3tlQ5 x3ÇAw5 @))the state forbade him
Zä5 xiAo3tlQ5 Ì4fx nü5 s7mt7uA9l
to go on that land. And
W Z h x 3 i u A 9l h 3 C b s y m i c 1 q g 5
the Sami became sepaµr Sgo4 €bu xMfl Eg E©3gî5©4.
wl3dy3ui9l xysp4vbsMeym5IZt4
rated and isolated from
Maggie Putulik and Adamie Alaku at Riddu Riddu.
b m4 f i z l W Z h x D t c3 y m i q 5
one another. However,
n3et5yAbsmo3S5 vg5pctŒ8isJi4,
the passage of nearly
ñu5nè9l vtmi3Jxc3iE?5bq8i4, tusJdtMÏQ?o3bq8il.
two centuries have proved them indomitable in spirit and efforts
Ö m5 ã N6 s ? A 5 w k g w8 N s J A 5 s r s 3 b g u s 5 w k w5
to undermine their culture have been answered with the creation
kNo3JxactŒaJ5 vtm[3Jxz8i4 Wbc3Xv5b wkw5 vNbusof associations, Sami conferences, and organizations.
tA5 DyxustA9l GÔ„Œ5H xuEvus5 Gwª2Wx5H tx8µ4us5
Just as we have the Inuit Circumpolar Conference (ICC) that
Gv˜+ø5H, Ö4fxo5bs6 s?5tg5 ñü4f5 vtm[3Jxc3uJ5.
unites us as Inuit in Canada, Russia (Yupygiit), United States
!(&!-At9lA vtmi3Jxc3ht xi3iuA5 xbsysctŒAiz5
(Inupiat), and Denmark (Kalalliit), so they have a Sami confergryN3tbs5yxMs3ymK6 ñu5nIs5hi s[Z3gxW1j5 wµ4 Ì8N
ence. At its 1971 conference, their spirit of unity was expressed
xgxZ5nosMs3ymMs3im5 wàoJi4:
by a Sami youth who wrote:
>wªctŒ5nIs5hb xbsysctŒAKA5, scsy5nIc3SA5
“We are one people. We have a common language, a comxbsy3u4, x5pŒu9l W?9oxymic3hb wl3dyctŒA5hbl,
mon history and culture, and we have a strong feeling of belonging
w2WQIc3SA9l wMŒ5nIsi3u4. WI5ndtc3SA9l wª5Jy5tk5
together. We need to put in place in society our values, our cultures
magazine
r
By Lisa Koperqualuk
MAKIVIK
x5pZMc3i6, Wg5ymstctŒctc3il
ñ2üusAiC3gi4: ñü5 g5gxD3i4 g5gc3g5
s?A5 xqi3ni4 g5gc3tlb
25
Wix3iK5
26
A view of the breathtaking Norwegian landscape.
LISA KOPERQUALUK
mr[4f5
eu3Dxq5
JONATHAN EPOO
wMso3tyi3u4 wl3dy5tA5 w9oN3gdt5ti4, wld3y5ti9l wª5Jy5ti9l
b m4 f x l y M t 5 t i u sk5 h o J 3 n E I s 5 y x l t 4 x q 3 b s i c3 t l Q 5 .
ñu5nIsZ5u5nIsiK9l xysQxc1qm5
xqi3nsq8Nb uri3nsNbl xy5ti5
wªctŒ5nIsJi5”1
m r { [ s 2 x z J 3 çz b g z o z
€bu xMf, vtm5yA8NyMsJK6 ñ2ü5
v?mz5b xzJ3çzi4 Ö5hmi Eg E©u4
N9osi3ysNc3tlQ5 wkgw8NsJA5
ò3dIsmMsJZ5b. Ö8N xzJ3ç6
ñu5nè5 x8kC5nIgcui4 xg3ht4.
xfis1qgxW4 gryt5yAtcMsJ6
Group of Saami in traditional attire.
W?9oxymi3ui4 trbsicMs3ht4
xyuk5 Ö4fxl kNu8k5 trpxq5
§hQIc5yxnstQMs3ymK5 ñü5 scsy5nIq8i4 wl3dyq8il.
and ways of life and to have them accepted as valuable and as
x3ÇAw5 !**)-î5tlQ5 hKwb8us9l kxAwus9l v?m4fuA5
values to be developed. We are Sami and wish to be Sami, we are
WdI3Jxi4 x3dtc3ht4 ñu5nIi4 WJ8Nstogxat5yymÓ4
not more nor less than other peoples.”1
vJyAtc3tA8NhQ5 g5gxD3i ßmZhxAtc3iu4 WNhxD8Niq8i4
Makivik’s vice-president, Adamie Alaku, met with the president
bm8Nl kNo3Jxu8i xic5bClxDt4 WA8N[c3tyAtQymIz5.
of the Sami parliament on the occasion of the Riddu Riddu Festival,
ryxio nü5 [8M8us5 ÖàA8NtbsMs3ym1qg5 W5Jbst9lQ5
where we had been invited. The president explained during an allkNoxD3tA5 WdIi4 x3dtc3ht4 kNi4 g5gdtc3if5
too-short meeting about their earlier history of colonization and
xg3bc3inuªozJi4 €3eymAtgcq5 kat3bmEsicMs3ym7mb.
how the colonizing countries recognized Sami language and culbm8N ñ2ük5 [8˜8usk5 ñ1zyAtsyMs3ymJ6 Ö4ftgN
ture. In the 1880s, Sweden and Norway legislation allowed Sami
hKwb8ustg5 Wsyc1q©Abs5hi, Ì4fx ñ2ü5 [8M8us5 ie5ni4
exclusive rights to keep reindeer and herding areas even across
WD3¥i3u4 WNhxcbsyMs3ym7mb, wMs[cc5by5ht9l kNo7uA5
their borders. But it was different for the Sami in Finland where
Wix3ioEi3u4 WNhxo3gk5 N9odxEIs5ht4 [8M8us5
municipal governments were imposed by law and land use conflicts
WA8Nicstq8k5. bm8N ÖàMs3g[isZlx3tlA, g5gi4
greatly diminished Sami traditional use of resources and land. This
ßmJdtc3iu4 whmust5ã5 xq7mEsbsmAtq5 xy5pg3bso3iuJ5
led the Sami in Finland to approach colonization differently; there
!*))-î5g5 x3ÇAw5 et3cÎto3tlQ5, kNsJ5 tt3gbsmJ5
they took part in its agricultural colonization, they also took part in
s4fxg3bsicoMs3ymJ5 whmugw8N[sA8Nq3tbs5ht4,
municipal politics on an equal basis as the Finnish. However, treaÖàozogx3mb ñ2ü5 xsMiE?5bq5 x8iroMs3ymJ5.
ties between the countries that had earlier recognized the herding
ñ2ü9o kxAwus5, kxAwus5 v?mzk5 moZos3bsMs3ymJ5
rights of the Sami changed in the mid-1800s and they closed their
!*#)-î5g5 x3ÇAw5 WQx3cust9lQ5. Ì4fxl moZoxaJ5
borders, effectively prohibiting the Sami to cross them.
xqi3nst5yicMs3ymK5 c9lˆ5 wl3dyq8i4, v?mz5
In the case of the Sami in Norway, a Norwegianization policy
s2WD§tc3ym7m5 >hNs9lxq8iã5> wl3d¥5 xyuk5 wNq3btook place beginning in the 1830s. Such a policy placed emphasis
sJ5nsiq8i4. bm8N W9lA ñ2ü5
wMsA8NixgxDt4 kNo7ui Wix3io E i s J k5 s ç A 8 N Ex c3 y m K 5
kxAwus5 scsy5nIz8i4. ñ2ül
wo8ix[dtq5 kxAwustg5
r y x i w o ã [ s I Ex c o 3 h t 4 ,
kNdtcDmJ9l kxAwustg5 ryu
scD8NExc3iC3bsmo3ht4. xuh5
kNo3Jx2 WdIq5 xgo3tbsc5bymJ5 ñ2ui4 W[c3ty1qME5ht4
scsy3ui4 xg3lt4 WNhx3ii4
Övi kxAw kNo3Jxzi. s9lusJ6
et3clxgw8Nq5FN2Xlxgw8Nq5
ñ2unè5 kxAwus5 scsygc5nIu8i4 sçA8Ng5. ryxi x3ÇAw5
! ) ) x i A 3 t l Q 5 ñ2 u s i 3 ui 4
wobEIcq8Ng5.
ñ2unè5 wªctQ5nIs5ht4 !)aJ5, xgi5 w7uÅN3tgi4 scsyc3ht4.
kxAw2 kˆWzb wä8Nzi4 bf5nst5yAt4.
Wix3iK5
!
1
Lehtola, 1997: The Sámi People, Traditions in Transition. p.78
magazine
MAKIVIK
d˜i sc3bsJ[î5 xgx3bsA8Ng5 sfNi xgxZ3i Lehtola, 1997:
The Sámi People, Traditions in Transition. m2WC6 p.78-u.
on the superiority of the European
society and their belief that the
“lower” cultures had to be civilized. Thus for a Sami to take part
in municipal politics he had to know
Nor wegian. Sami schools could
only function in Nor wegian, and
to own property you had to speak
Norwegian. Laws were passed that
completely prevented the Sami to
function in their own language anywhere in Norway. Today, just over
half of the Sami speak it. Yet, over
a century later, they find themselves still Sami.
There are ten Sami groups, each with their own language dialect. Some groups cannot understand other groups, but with the
new Sami associations that were formed in the 1960s and 1970s,
a new consciousness about their “Sami-ness” and unity began to
grow. The above quote came from a period when Sami chose to
take ownership of their identity and united themselves with this
Sami identity; they had not been unified as a Sami people before
as each had formed their own culture and customs.
The 1960s and 1970s brought about a Sami renaissance; an
awakening of Sami culture through ar ts, music, and literature.
Then another event catalyzed this process even further, known to
the Sami as the Alta conflict. This event was political in nature,
where the issues of Sami rights and economy were played out in
a climate of conflict. In Norway, since the 1930s, about 60 river
systems were constructed to provide electricity for Norway, and
demonstrations against dam constructions began in the 1960s.
The Sami, however, demonstrated against the damming of the
Alta river system from 1968 to 1982. The issue for them was the
right to decide on the use of their own areas. They demanded recognition as an aboriginal people in the Norwegian constitution,
that their language and culture be recognized, and for a return of
the rights recognized in a treaty of 1751 that had been signed by
Norway and Sweden-Finland at the time.
During this conflict, the Norwegian government reacted with
violence toward the Sami. Construction of the dam continued
and it was opened in 1987. Even so, the Alta conflict resulted in
changes in Nor way’s policy toward the Sami. The international
world had noticed how Norway treated its indigenous people, and
it had to do something. The Sami demands for recognition as an
aboriginal people in the constitution happened in 1988, the Sami
obtained their Sami Parliament in 1989, and a Sami language act
was passed in 1990. The Sami in Norway had to go through great
lengths to win these demands.
So, you can see our connection with the Sami in their struggle
to gain control over their territory and resources, a renewed ownership of identity, including a demand to be recognized as Sami with
a right to their language and culture, and in themselves, recognizing the value of their being Sami. Let us value being Inuk.
LISA KOPERQUALUK
wMq5 xyu scsyq8i4 gryx1qg5, ryxi ñü5 vg5pctŒ8iq5
n3ec5byMs3ymt9lQi5 !(^)-il !(&)-il, w2WA§7uicoMs3ymJ5
>ñ2unIsi3ui4> xbsy1a?9oxicy5ht9l. sfNi si4Ïi scsysymJ5 x9McsIK5 scsyEIsMs3ymK5 Ö5hmi ñ2ü5 wªctŒtA5
rNsi3ui4 wobEIst5yQx3Xoxo3tlQ5 xbsysctŒ8iÌy5ht9l,
yKizA5 ñ2unItA5 w7uÅN3tifu8k5 xbsysctŒa?8iIZt4,
xgi5 wl3dyc3ifu8k5 xgi9l Wsygcc3ifu8k5.
x3ÇAw5 !(^)-l !(&)-l xg3o3tlQ5 bm4fx ñü5 rNsi3ui4
w2WAhQx3ÔuoMs3ymJ5; gX5yxoÖ8N©÷o3ht4 wl3dy3ui4
bf5nst5yc5by5ht4 x3dtQ5hQ5 nNymJos3î5 bfuN3gi4,
i5Il5ÌDy3uA9l x7ml xgxZ3tA5. Öà2Xo3ht4 xyxA5
WJc7mEoMs3ym7uJ6 bmguz wobEIsi3u4 WZhxDtQIq8i4
kw5yMEQx9MAtu4, bm8No ñ2unIk5 cspmIsAtc3g6 wµ4
ˆ7mQst1qAt x9b. bm8N wlycMs3ymJ6 Wix3ioEi3i4,
b4ƒNl ñ2ü5 WJ8NstcDtq5 ßmZhxDtq9l xsMbsoMs3ymK5
ˆ7mQst1qi6 x3dbst9lA. Öm1zi5 x3ÇAw5 !(#)-i5
WQx3g5 tr5hQ5 !(^) x3ÇAq5 kNs2 ƒq5 nNIsc5bMs3ym7mb
kxAwusk5 wfmst5noxa5ht4. bm4fxl ƒ5 f8ixbsiq5b
W4vbq8i4 W5Jto8i4 wk8i4 ˆ7mn1qi3ui4 WhCIsto8i4
WJcc5byMs3ymK6 !(^) x3ÇAq5 xgo3tlQ5. Öà5g5
WNhxo3tlQ5 ñ2ü5 k3ct5yNhxDtcc5bMsJK5 !(^*-ui5 tr5hA
!(*@ x9bs2 ƒzi4 yu5gbst5yÖo5ht4. bm8N WNhxC5nso3g6
x3dtQ5hA ñ2ü5 WJ8NstcDtcMs3ymJ5 grÌDtcD8Ni3u4 N7ui6
kNdtu8ªozJi4. ekAtc7mEoMs3ymJ5 wobEIsi3ÌDm5ht4
kNogc5nIsi3uA5 kxAw2 v?mzk5 WdItA5 wobEIsi5nu8i4
ekAtc3ht4, wobEIsi3ÌDmstc3ht9l N7ui6 scsyc3iuA5,
w l3 d y c3 i uA 9l s t 3 t b s d p 5 h t 9l w o b E I s i 3 uA 5
WJ8Nstc3inu8k5 xq7mEsbsMs3g[i3i4 x3ÇA6 !&%!-at9lA
xtosctŒAbs5hi kxAwj9l hKwb8j9l x7ml [8M8j5.
bm8N ˆ7mQst1qi6 x©tIso3tlA kxAw2 v?mz
v2WxN3y[cMs3ymJ6 ñ2unIi4. ƒ1ul wfmst5nos3iu4 nNIc3î5
vJytMs3ym?z5 kxAw2 v?mzb, Ì8Nl wfmst5noxaJ6
xgExy5hi wq3CytbsyMsJK6 !(*&-ao3tlA. bm4fx
vJytbsJ5 WoClx3tlQ5 Ö8N x9bj5 ˆ7mQst1qisMs3g6
n3et5yAbsMsJK6 kxAwus5 ñ2unIªozJi4 WdIuA5
xy5pExc3iq8i4. yM3Jxusoµ5 cspoMs3ym7mb kxAwus5 v?mq5
kNogc5nIdtu8i4 ck6 xsMbc3iuA5 vmQIc3iq8i4, bm8Nl
cspmIsAtQoCuA €3eQxDtQQxcoMs3ym?z5. !(**-ao3tlA
ñ2ü5 kNogc5nIsi3uA5 wobEIsi3ÌDtQNhx3bq5 WdI3JxtA5
wobEIsi3ÌoMsJ5, ñ2ü9l N7ui6 v?mÌD8NyoMsJK5 !(*(aogx3m5, ñ2ü9l scsy3u wobEIsizªozJu4 WdI3ÌoMsJK5
!(()-u. Ö4fx ñ2ü5 kxAw2 kNo3Jxzi kNogcsJ5 bm4fiz
WZhx3ht4 x3hD7mEAtcExc3ymJ5.
bm4fx W9lQ5 bfJ8NSA5 ck6 Wg5ymstAtcEx5ti4
ñ2ui4, Ì4fx WZhx7mEAtcc5bymif7umb xsM5yA8NyZh5ht4
N7 ui 6 k Nd t u 8 i 4 W5 n b 3 [ nd t ui 9l , r N s i 3 ui 9l
tAyQx4viChxc5bym5ht4, wMst9lA ekAtc7mE8i6
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wkgw8Nsi5ti4.
27
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bf8Ns÷3tyicdIs5ht4 Îyx2 kNzi @))%–ao3X5.
28
N
unavik Creations was invited to put on a fashion show at the
Riddu-Riddu Festival in Manndalen, Nor way, this past July. The
Sami village of Manndalen, situated at 69 degrees north latitude,
has a population of about 600. All of
the Nunavik delegates were billeted
with Sami families or stayed in various seaside cabins.
The fashion show was par t of
the festivities held during the event’s
“Nunavik Day”. Nunavik artist Vickie
Grey opened the ceremonies with the
lighting of a qullik, followed by an
opening statement and introduction by
Makivik’s vice president for economic development, Adamie Alaku. The
fashion show would not have been the
success it was without the help of all
those Nunavik participants who agreed
to model our Nunavik Creations outfits
on the stage: Emma Grey, Evie Mark,
and Akinisie Sivuaraapik (throat singers); Rhoda Kokiapik and Nancy Palliser
(from the Avataq Cultural Institute);
Annie Johannes (from the Nunavik
Tourism Association); Elisapie Isaac
(of the singing duo, Taima); Julia Okpik
(daughter of Nunavik Creations designer, Vickie Okpik); Maggie
Putulik (who was temporarily living in Manndalen); and Adamie
Alaku and Lisa Koperqualuk (of Makivik Corporation). Being the
only man in the show, Adamie was jokingly referred to as the escort
for the ladies. Tanya Taqaq Gillis, a throat singer from Iqaluit, also
modelled for Nunavik Creations.
The stand-in models practiced daily, even though they had
other commitments to keep them busy, and the result was a fashion show that had the crowds cheering for the per formance as
well as for the fantastic
designs. The media lined
up to inter view Vickie
Okpik. The fashion show
was shown on Norwegian
television and reported in
numerous newspapers.
The Russian delegation
attending the festival
expressed an interest
in having us to per form
another fashion show in
Russia in 2005.
JULIE GRENIER (X4)
k
Nunavik Creations Review
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Scheduled service enhancements
On Monday, this past August 16th, Air Inuit’s scheduled flight from
Salluit to Kuujjuaq was accomplished with Dash 8 C-FDAO. The company’s chairman, George Berthe, along with board members Adamie
Alaku and Johnny Peters were on board the aircraft for the inaugural
Dash 8 flight, which replaces the HS748 on this portion of the network. With this aircraft change, the HS748 is no longer assigned to
scheduled service within Air Inuit and will, henceforth, instead be
utilized generally for charter, cargo, and backup flights.
The introduction of the Dash 8 on the upper Ungava route was
accompanied by a number of revisions to scheduled services. For one
thing, Air Inuit flights 444 and 445 from Nunavik to Schefferville,
Québec City, and Montreal on Tuesdays and Fridays in both southbound and nor thbound directions
were introduced. These flights were
initiated in order to switch the Salluit Dash 8 aircraft to Montreal for
maintenance and to enhance Air
Inuit’s ser vice in the Scheffer ville
area by providing, for the first time,
direct ser vice to and from Québec
City and Montreal.
Secondly, the traditional “allstops” Tuesday ser vice on the
Ungava coast between Kuujjuaq
and Salluit on has been switched
to Wednesday to better space the
mid-week flight. Lower Ungava connecting flights have likewise been
amended to match this change.
Also, a Dash 8 flight from Salluit
to Kuujjuaq was added on Saturday
and a return flight from Kuujjuaq to
Salluit was added for Sunday. In combination with the reverse flow twin
otter ser vice on Saturday and Sunday on this route, seven-day
service is now available between Kuujjuaq and the upper Ungava
communities.
The third change is increased six-day service to Kangiqsualujjuaq,
with the addition of a Saturday morning flight added to this scheduled service revision.
As of October 3rd, a Twin Otter is based in Salluit to accomplish scheduled flights between Salluit, Ivujivik, Akulivik and
Puvirnituq on most days of the week. This will greatly relieve the
Twin Otter in Puvirnituq of assigned flight duties, making the aircraft available for medical evacuations and local char ters. The
Salluit-based Twin Otter will also be availble for local charters.
Notably, with the aircraft based in Salluit, positioning costs will
be eliminated or reduced for Hudson Straight communities which
will, we believe, enhance their ability to use the aircraft.
magazine
BOB MESHER
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Air Inuit Propwash
MAKIVIK
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29
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Air Inuit Propwash
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Jimmy Vollant works on the ramp for Air Inuit in Schefferville.
Please refer to the latest edition of the Air Inuit scheduled
service brochure for detailed and universal information concerning the network.
Forthcoming specials
Air Inuit’s board of directors has approved the following specials between now and February, 2005:
–
PreFreeze Seat Sale: October 1 - October 31
–
Shopping Special: November 15 - December 14
–
Christmas Special: December 15 - January 8
–
Deep Freeze Seat Sale: January 17 - February 19, 2005
Flyers advertising the above programs have been distributed throughout Nunavik and you may contact your local agent for
details concerning these travels. We wish you good travelling on
the above special Air Inuit programs.
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BOB MESHER
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gryQx9MDmixD5y.
30
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Increased flights for Christmas holiday period
Between December 14th, 2004 and January 8th, 2005, additional flights have been scheduled throughout the network in order
that we remain ahead of capacity demands during this busy travelling period. Flyers have been forwarded throughout Nunavik with the
details of the additional scheduled flights. Please contact your local
Air Inuit agent for any further information you might require.
Ilaujuq
The fifth edition of Ilaujuq, whereby JBNQA beneficiaries
may have one return trip per year to any Air Inuit scheduled destination for 75 percent off the regular adult ticket fare, has been
forwarded to all Nunavik CNVs for local distribution. The certificates are green and the previous background photograph of an
HS748 has, this year, been replaced with one of a Dash 8. The fifth
edition of Ilaujuq will be valid for travel effective October 1st and,
for those of you who have not yet used edition four, a grace period of one month is granted, meaning that edition four will remain
valid for travel until November 1st. We wish you good travelling
on Ilaujuq.
BOB MESHER
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Avian Cholera Outbreak in Ivujivik
By Michael Kwan, Nunavik Research Centre Toxicologist
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I
n early August, Adamie Mangiuk of Ivujivik first noticed some
dead eider ducks. Two eider duck carcasses were collected and
sent by the mayor, Peter Iyaituk, to the Nunavik Research Centre
in Kuujjuaq for examination. After a preliminary autopsy, the carcasses were then sent to the School of Veterinarian Medicine of
the University of Montreal at Saint-Hyacinthe for detail pathological and microbiological examination. The veterinarians there
have expertise in wildlife diseases and our Research Centre has
been working closely with them routinely on diseased animals
since 1991.
Accurate determination of the cause of death of the eider
ducks called for careful detective work, which employed a battery
magazine
MAKIVIK
HEIKO WITTENBORN
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The cliffs near Ivujivik are important nesting areas for migratory birds.
31
xxxxxxxxxx
HEIKO WITTENBORN
Story title
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A swimming family of eider ducks.
32
of diagnostic tests. Just over two weeks after receiving the first
carcasses, Adamie Mangiuk informed us the disturbing news that
many more eider ducks were found dead or dying in islands at
the proximity of Ivujivik. The community was deeply concerned
about the eiders. Judging from the rapid mortality rate, a highly
infectious migratory bird disease known as avian cholera was suspected. This disease is caused by bacteria and
almost always kills a large number of infected
birds over a very short period. We then contacted Dr. Andre Dallaire at Saint-Hyacinthe for the
diagnostic results, which was ready the next day
and confirmed our suspicion. Avian cholera is not
uncommon in the south and has been responsible
for some major episodes of mortality in geese. The
disease is much more rare in the north and we are
not aware of any recorded cases in Nunavik.
The next most important step was controlling
the outbreak, which involved immediate cleanup
to prevent the disease from spreading. Dr. Dallaire
has provided us with guidelines for disease control,
which included precautions that individuals should
take when collecting and incinerating infected
carcasses since the bacteria can infect humans
through open wounds. During mid-August, the
Research Centre monitored the situation closely
and was in daily contact with the acting mayor,
Paulusi Mark, to discuss the situation.
Two cleanup trips, funded by Makivik
Corporation, were organized between August 14th
and 19th. A number of islands off the coast of Ivujivik were checked
and a total of 221 carcasses were incinerated. Most carcasses
were found on two islands. Fortunately, the scale of mortality was
relatively limited since avian cholera has been known to kill thousands of birds and can wipe out entire waterfowl populations. As
for the eider populations in offshore islands, such as Nottingham
Island and Mansel Island, we have contacted the Canadian Wildlife
Services who will inform Nunavut to take appropriate actions
Although the outbreak in Ivujivik has come to an end following
HEIKO WITTENBORN
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he actual measures and actions taken in disease control and
cleanup are evaluated on a case-by-case basis. In general, time is
of the essence. Early detection and immediate actions is the first
line of defense in controlling this disease. Rigorous collection and
incineration of carcasses are the standard control procedures. When
collecting samples and cleaning up, special precautions must be
taken to avoid human infection and to minimize any spreading of
the disease. Rubber gloves must be worn and hands washed thoroughly afterwards. Decomposing carcasses are an important source
of disease spreading and must be bagged since
body fluid contains huge amounts of the bacteria that can further spread the disease.
Carcasses should be picked up head first
(by the bill), and placed immediately into thick
plastic bags (or double layered garbage bags) to
minimize the chance of fluid discharging from the
mouth of the carcasses. Great care must be taken to avoid contaminating new areas while the
bagged carcasses are being shipped for diagnosis
or to the incineration site. Cleanup by incineration must be carried out without delay to prevent the spreading of
the disease by scavenging birds and other animals. Processing of
carcasses should be done outdoors or in a well ventilated area to
minimize human infection through inhalation. In collecting carcasses for disease diagnosis, the fresher the carcass the quicker and
more accurate the diagnosis. Hence, sample collection should be
done without delay and fresh carcasses and/or sick birds should be
collected, bagged, immediately frozen and shipped to the Research
Centre in a leak-proof container for examination.
the cleanup, communities should be vigilant and report any significant number of dead birds to their municipal office. Background
materials on avian cholera, including the guideline on disease control, have been sent to Ivujivik and we have recommended that
these should be kept on file at the
municipal office for future reference
should similar outbreak occurs.
Unfortunately there are no preventive measures for wild migrator y
birds against avian cholera. In most
outbreaks, nature takes its course
and the bacteria die off as long as
cleanup is carried out promptly and
thoroughly.
Thanks are extended to the following individuals from Ivujivik who have done an excellent job
in organizing and carrying out the cleanup: Paulusi Mark, Johnny
Luuku, Mosusi Audlaluk Sr., Mosusi Audlaluk Jr., Casey Mark,
Johnny Michaud and Qalingo Ainalik. Thanks also to Adamie
Mangiuk who first brought the outbreak to our attention and for
his deep concern of the situation.
(See Research Fact Sheet # 3 for more information.)
magazine
PETER MAY
wm3Ws2 er3bq8î§5 Nottingham Island–u Mansel Island–
ul, sçM[c3ymo3gA5 vNbs2 ßmJoEi3u4 WA5ppq8i4
gn3tyMzoMsJi4 kNÓ3usi4 bm5huz vmQxdIslt4.
wKp[7u €8ixc3isMs3g6 whoymoClx3tlA nl7mãMsJt9lQ5, kNø5 s5pDh5gnsK5 gn3tyc5blt9l xuhi4 t7uxi4 gdzJco3X5
v?µWq5b x9M[zi4. €8ixj5 avian cholera
si4vsyc3gw5, grjxAti9l xsM5yAtj5
€8ixbo8i4, wKp[7jbsJc3ymo3g6
scstym5hQ9l v?µWq5b x9M[zî5tbsJ5nsQxq5 yKi5nu xgExcyv9Mi3Xb
€8ixbco3iu2X5. §rxaZlx6 kJxbi4
xsM§i4 t7uxi4 €8ixb3ty5ÖoAtcqm5.
€8ixc3gcogx3m5, WsyEIs§gcw5 x©tIsgw8N§a7mb dW3DxDyq9l gdCgw8Nht4
nl7mn3bsyxc5bgx3mb.
Nf3üSA5 sfiz xbsysˆ3tgi4 wKp[7usi4 WNhx5yxg7mEsMs3mb €3ehw5ht4 vJyt5yht9l nl7mãi3u4 sfiz: Xwly
µ4, ÷i ¬f, jhy xs9Ml4, xzJ5y4, ®y µ4, ÷i u§ x7ml coa
É8No4. Nf3üuIK5 €bu mqs6 cspt5yQxzMsJ7m5 €8ixco3gi4
whµlQIc5yxMs3ml bm5hms2 ckwozo3izi4.
T
MAKIVIK
8ixu4 xsM5yAtj9l nl7mi3jl x©tIsQxo8il NlâI3bs§5
mo5hQ5 ÖàoiEIq5. wl8Â5, xfilx3ÖoymQxo4 bm8Nso3X5.
csp5nstQIs2Xbl ckwoIs5nstQ2Xbl yK9oXu4 nS7uAtsix3g5
xsMbst9lA bm8N€8ixaJ6. kxbs5nstQZhx§5 tu[iq9l
wfx9Mbs5ht4. kxbso3Xb cspnC5ã5 nl7mão3Xbl, w2WQIs9MEQxo4 wkw5 É5gbsdNQ5 w2Xt5yÖoAtsix3gi9l x8ixu4.
eyxlI3i4 x=Z÷3i4 xg3bsJcExo4 x=Zui9l w3Dg5yxli
raixA5. t7ux[î5 wANogxCu4 €8ixu4 w3Xt5ymEA8Nmb
Í3bsyxExø5 bm4fx tu[iq5b wmq5
dW3DxDy3bc3mb w3Xt5yQx9MD8Ngi4
x8ixu4.
t7ux[î5 tAIsyAt4 ixdzA3bsQxø5
Gy=AzA5H
S3bsnstQlt4
w5JJk5
Gm3Dwi4
e9ogIo8k5H t7ux[is2 wmz
w3zÖoQxc3m5.
w2WQIs5yxMEQxo4 x8ixu4 w3Xt5yÖoli
bm4fx S3bsmJ5 t7ux[î5 xs9Mtbsy2Xb cspn3[six3gj5 wfx9ä[six3gj9¬î5. t7ux[î5 wfx9Mbs5nstQQxø5 x8ix6 w3Xixqm5
iEIslt4 xyq8k5 t7uxk5 ßmJ3k¬8î5. t7ux[î5 cspn3bsyAt4
yMüQxo4 s{?¬8î5 xi3ic5yxN3gu wkw5 x8ixowÖoQxc3mb
xi3iuA5. cspnC5ni4 t7uxi4 kxbsJco3X5, kbsq©q8ins2X5
t7ux[i6, cspn3bsiz hv8insMzJ6 ˆ7mˆ5yxi3nslt9l.
Öà7m5 cspnC5ni4 kxbsJc5nstQQxo4 ra?D8âli x7ml
kbaJ5 t7ux[î5 x7ml¬8î5 cimJi4 t7uxi4 kxbsJ5nsK5
S3bslt9l, dx3tbs5nstQlt9l xs9Mtbslt9l cspZhx3[s2
x9M[zk5 S3ymt9lQ5 w3zcI1qg5nI3u eu3DIs˜3tlQ5.
MANON SIMARD
€
What is involved in sample collection,
Story title
disease control and cleanup?
33
W?9oxJ5
DENISE GEOFFROY (X2)
kN[7u
fÑ4f5 ƒ8ixtq5
wobEIcMs3g5 kN[7usi4
Hydro Québec
Recognizes Nunavik
Ñ4f5 ƒ8ixtq5 wMst5yMsJ5 kN[7usi4 is[3tQ§ub whmQIq8i4 cspn3ht4 srx5nsMs3gu. bm8N
vJytbs§aZlx3hi
fÑ4
yeiziusk5
ryxi
bmsz kN5tªMs3ym1qg5 xrglx3Xifzk5. kNø9l
fÑ4f5 ƒ8ixtq5bl is[3tQ§q5 N9oÏ3bs§5
NMs5ñbsAl5yxgw8Nht4. Öm wk©ˆ3tlQ5 vtIsy5ht4
x7ml5bs6 bf8ˆbs?5gi4 vtmstJi4 csp[QZhx3hQ5
r1åmQIq8i4 is[3tq5bl ˆ7mn5yxiq8i4. w7uieJu4
gryix3tmE7u4 x3[b3gcy§6 cspn3tk5 mo5bshi
kx5yht4 gn3tyAt5nui4 cspn3bq5b u5ñk5. ybmi4
kNo8i4 N9oÏ3bsJcMs3g6 S˜Ex3[sMs3gi4 y2t7WE
!( x7ml @% xf8izi sfiz, ƒ4JxÇW4, S[3ig6, bysI6
x7ml ƒ4Jx6. fÑ4f5 ƒ8ixtq8k5 wMsJ5 „b wk2X4
x7ml sp5h9 Wxl wMscbs7uJw9l bysI3üht4.
µ8Nsizi, fÑ4f5 ƒ8ixtq5 wobEIcMs3g5
vt[4 wo8ixioE[zb S3gi3nQx9Mi4 wo8ixtzi4
€on8 ?MsZ3u4, gi5hAl R!,))) ÌMi4 wo8ixoDi
wvJ3ymst5nq8k5 xsA+t !&-atlA. b8N yK9oXs5hi
wk5hi ñMcMs3g6 wvJ3ymstq5b kwymIzi4
WQx3tbso3imi5 !(() x3ÇAq8i.
ydro Québec included Nunavik in its customer opinion
survey this fall. This is done regularly in urban parts of the
province but is not often that they get to our region for this
survey because they find it expensive. The communities and
Hydro-Québec customers are chosen randomly. They are then met individually as well as
in focus groups in an attempt to find out the
needs and satisfactions of customers. An independent consultant travels with the sur vey
team and compiles a report of their findings.
The four selected communities, visited from
September 19th to 25th, were Kuujjuaraapik,
Puvirnituq, Tasiujaq, and Kuujjuaq. Here we see
Hydro team members Peter Inukpuk and Rachel
Belleau as well as a group of participants in Tasiujaq.
Meanwhile, Hydro-Québec also recognized a Kativik School
Board postsecondary student, Allison Flowers, by presenting
her with a $1,000 bursary for academic excellence on August
17th. She was the first Inuk to ever receive this prize offered
by their program since it started in the 1990s.
f
H
mr{[s2 WNh5tq5
xoxhxMs3g5
A Bit of Fun for
Makivik Staff
3ÇAbµ5, mr{[s2 WNh5tq5 s9lu4
xbsy3u4 WNh1qÜ8N§5 WNh{[ui5
xoxhxctŒ5ht4 WNhctq9l. sk3iã5
WNh5†5 WNh{[c§a7mb m8gpxu
ƒ4Jxul, W?9oxtbsicMsJ5 b4fNi
kNø8i.
xsA+t @)–u, m8gpx3us5 WNh5tq5
St. Zotique–oxMsJ5, yMu wZ[sA8Ngu4,
kN4fÔ1ax[sA8Ngu9l x7ml X5bAl7u4
xNs5y[c3hi.
y2t7WE !$–u ƒ4Jxu WNh{[ø5
w9lÉoxMsJ5 ki?5ytsost5ht4,
ieos3ht9l wfxMj5 yMu, si4Ïht9l
w1qeb3ht9l xbs5yf5. Öm WNhZ3uk5
stExcyMsJ5, w2WQIcExy7uht4
kN[s2
wkq5b
whµltQIq5
vmQIs5yxClx3m¯b.
ach year, Makivik employees take a day
off as a break from their work routine to
enjoy a social atmosphere with colleagues.
With most staf f based in Montreal and
Kuujjuaq, events were organized for each
of the two locations.
On August 20th, the Montreal workers
went to St. Zotique beach, which has barbeque, go-karting, and golfing facilities.
Meanwhile, on September 14th, the
Kuujjuaq staff went to a local cabin where
they had berr y-picking contests, cooked
food over an open fire, told stories, and
played music together. Then it was back to
work, making sure the concerns of Nunavik’s
Inuit get full attention.
34
E
mr[4f5
eu3Dxq5
x
ISABELLE DUBOIS (X2)
SHAWN MACDONALD
ux3Jx6 CCGS Amundsen ƒ4JxÇloxMsJK6, xsA+t
@&–aMs3gu, x8ixys3tÉb3hi, cspn3ti9l, É3hti9l
gñpi9l. g1zh5tyQxzMsJ5 yK9oXu kN[7usi4 ƒ4JxÇW7u
xsA+t #)–u x7ml WI‰3ht4 ƒ4Jxu s5©WE !–u.
vt5ht4 !,*))–aJ5 wkw5 !%–i4 srsø5 szbk9l wMsdIsMsJ5 WI‰gx3mbl !,))) szbk3gi4 eu3DIsJcMsJ5hi,
çqst5nmE5gi4 cspn3tk5 iEsQIsymJ3i5. fÑ4f5
wkdtq5b ckwqyx3ioE[zi4 toIsJcMs3ymJ6
kN[s2 wlyoEi3u4 vtmpq8k5 bm5huz
cspn3icdIs5ht4, WNhxctQlq5 M¿9
wo8ix[3Jxzb €8ix[zi cspn3[mEzi4.
b8N WNhx3bsMs3g6 x5ybsmMsJ6 >ckw2Wb>–
u4, whmAtst9lA cspn3ij5 gÇZEIsMs3gu4
wà5gu4 - whmQ/c3ht4 kN[s2 wkdtq5b
ckwo3m¯b ckwqyx3ioEi6 bf8ˆhA.
bix9 y8lC8, grjx5typ7mEsJ6 bm5hjz
cspn3ij5, gryt5yQxMsJ6 bm4fx grymst5ã5
kxbsix3tlQ5 eu3DIslt9l fÑ4f5 ry5yp7mEq5b
WA5p[zk5. yK9oXu cspn3bsQxzDt[î5 xgw8ND˜3gnsJ5
@))%–u wlw4vso3lt9l gn3tyAtq5 kwbst9lQ5 @))^–u.
kN[s2 wkdtq8ªI3bs˜3g5 ckwqyx3ioEpk5 xyxk5
É5©tQIsMsqiq8i.
T
he CCGS Amundsen set sail in Churchill, Manitoba, this
past August 27th with a team of nurses, researchers, interviewers and interpreters onboard. They welcomed aboard their
first Nunavik participants in Kuujjuaraapik on August 30th and
ended the journey in Kuujjuaq on October 1st.
A total population sample of 1,800 family members 15
years or older were invited to par ticipate and by the end
of the trip, more than 1000 residents were examined, surpassing the number expected by medical researchers. The
Québec Public Health Institute was mandated by the NRBHSS
to conduct this survey, in collaboration with
the Public Health Research Unit of the Laval
University Hospital Centre. The project was
dubbed “Qanuippitaa?”, indicating the goal
of the sur vey — to get an idea of how the
population of Nunavik is doing from a medical point of view.
Danielle St-Laurent, executive director of
the health survey, explained that the information gathered would be compiled and analyzed by The Institut
de la statistique du Québec. Basic (rough) data should be available by 2005 and final results should be released in 2006. It
will be disseminated to the population and health authorities
in Nunavik before being released anywhere else.
magazine
s
Sailing Medical Researchers
ask, “Qanuippitaa?”
MAKIVIK
sux3Jxf5 x8ixioEº5
cspn3ic3g5 ÉE5ht4,
>ckw2WbV
NUNAVIK notes
35
W?9oxJ5
kbi4 kN4fÔ3btbsJ5
wly3¬tø5 wkgò9l
New Passenger Vans for
Handicap and Elders
kgò5 wly3¬tø9l kN[7u wh3EN3gi4 x5bN1q©5ht4
wq3CstÌ3ixo3g5 kNo7ui Nf3mb R()),)))–î4
®NsIi4 wvJ3yiEMs/z5 mr{[s2 vt[4 kNooµ5
v?mz wvJ3yut9lQ5 R^@,))).–i4
is[DtsMs3gi4, woy[sAtq8kl
bm4fiz kbi4 xuhb§i4 kN4fÔi4.
b4fx kN4fÔ5 wrt5yAtø5 w5y?sbi4
x5nlxo8k5 xg3bs§5nIu4, niÇA5
g9o[c3ht4 kN4fÔ6 wr[sA8Nyxo3thA,
x7ml
dÃ5
S3gyQx3bsym5hi
x5nlxo8îgk5 whx3inst5yJu4.
Nf3üME5bK5
Mr.
Ernesto
Calderon Mount Royal Ford–us6, x7ml
Nadia Ringuette of Van Action–us6
wvJ7mEMs3mt4 bm4fx kN4fÔ5 WNhx3bst9lQ5. b4fx xgi5 wvJ3ht4 WJ8Nyt5yyxD8NyMs3mt4
xrr8inst5yA8NyMe5ht4 WA5pI3ui4 cspmJ7mE5tA9l
WNhxctsMs3mt4 WNhx3bsJ6 W?9oxic3tlA. b4fx
tudtui4 sçM[sA8NiêMs3©4 WA5pA8Niê5ht4,
ÉEst5ncEx9Mgc3X5 kN4fÔ2 u5ñk5.
vtoµ3hQ5 !%–i4 kN4fÔi4 is[3bsJcMs3g6 kN[s2
kNoq8ªbs5ht9l x7ml yñyWusk5. iEs5gA5 bm4fx
wkgcw5 wly3¬tø9l kN[oµu xgc5bMzoExq5 bm4fiz
kbi4 kN4fÔi4.
he elders and handicap of Nunavik will now have comfortable and safe local transportation at their service, thanks to
an approximately $900,000 program between Makivik and
KRG, with the federal government chipping in
$62,000.00 to purchase, modify, and license
new vans for them. The special features of
these vans include hydraulic ramps for wheelchair use, specially made side steps that will
allow for easy access to the vehicles, and a
heightened roof that will allow for comfortable wheelchair.
Special thanks go to Mr. Ernesto Calderon
of Mount Royal Ford and Nadia Ringuette of
Van Action for their role in this impor tant
project. Each provided the project with the
best possible prices for their services as well as a professional and pleasing relationship as the project progressed. They
have both offered their names as contact people for their
respective companies, should there be any future questions
regarding van operations.
In all, 15 vans were purchased and delivered to each
of the Nunavik communities as well as one to Chisasibi. We
expect that the elders and handicap throughout Nunavik will
take full advantage of the new vans.
BOB MESHER
T
x8ix[ox3ymJw5 nNIz5
The Patients’ Masterpiece
wbsJ6 bfQxz WsJ7mEsZlx3tlA, nNIsiz
W7mEsicMs3uJ6 nN1axi3u4 hc5ytbsZhx§aiq8k5
x8ix[ox3ymJ5 m8gpxj5 kN[s2 w9ldtzius5.
x9Maxos§aZlx3ht4, uaxaxht9¬î5 gW5nI3u b4fx
x8ix[ox3ymJ5 uaxEMs3g5 e3htZ3u4 xr8Nu4. bm4fx
hc5yî5 wªctŒAtsMs3g5 whmv9MAts5bwoAts5ht9l
wk8k5 x8ixc3gk5.
lthough the results are beautiful to see, the process is as
important as the product for art activities being organized for
patients at Nunavik House in Montreal. Besides printmaking,
drawing, and painting on canvas, the patients are covering a
concrete wall around the back yard of the facility with a mural.
These activities provide a chance for socializing and a distraction from the worries of these people who are ill.
mr[4f5
eu3Dxq5
k
36
PIERETTE ROUTHIER
MATTHEW PARTRIDGE
w
A
PIERETTE ROUTHIER
kN[7u
BOB MESHER
NUNAVIK notes
T
he all-organization Nunavik Font Committee was created
in 2000 to create syllabic fonts and keyboard layouts for use
on any Mac or PC, and to bring back the AI-PAI-TAI column
of characters to Nunavik. The committee has produced the
AiPaiNunavik fonts for use with all programs, the AiPaiNutaaq
fonts for programs that can use the Unicode international
standard, and a keyboard layout that is consistent across
all computers. The committee has also produced the AiPai
Typing Tutor program, which is now being phased into the
schools. And here is the best part: The tools are completely
free to use! You can get everything you need to use syllabics
on your computer from the AiPaiNunavik web site at www.
aipainunavik.com.
The committee is still actively working on updates, figuring out things like sorting syllabics and the creation of tools
to convert older syllabic fonts to Unicode. There is still a lot
of work to be done to improve using syllabics on computers. The committee is beginning to look at creating “official”
Nunavik standards for syllabic computing, tools to convert
dialects and even translating the computer inter face for a
totally Inuktitut experience!
The committee provides free training and support to install
and use the AiPai fonts and keyboard layouts for both Mac and
Windows. You can get more information from the font committee coordinator, Rita Novalinga, at1-800-361-2244 or from the
font developer, Ray Taylor of Acorda Design, at 1-866-64-AIPAI
or e-mail at: [email protected].
s9MytsKt5, øn¡
Good Going, Lisa!
s
C
WAh2SA5 øn dW3Dxl7u4 yK9oXsMs3m5
s9Mostic3tlQ5 ƒ4Jxu s5©WE
@-u cspn3ht4 rN WhcbsZIm¯5 Mount
Everest c3cJxzb g¯k5 wMc3li
xg¿u wo8ix[7mEzb wo8ixtq8i4.
gzoEIsMs3g6 pi à, ra9oc3hi X5
w3Dux6, ra9oc3uhi §o gSwu4. xgi5
WtbsMsJ5 N7mÛ3u4 Nf3nDtst9lQ5
xJw8Nstq8k5. Nf3übslxaxg5 wvJMs3goµ5 s9Mosti3u4 vJyt5yyxMs3gi4.
ongratulations to Lisa Koperqualuk
for coming first in the race that was
held in Kuujjuaq on October 2nd to see
who would be sponsored by Makivik to
take part in a trek to the base camp
of Mount Everest along with a group
from Ottawa University. Second place
was Jeannie May, followed by Pat Ekomiak, and Shirley Dupuis. Each of the four
received a good quality knapsack in appreciation for the efforts. Special thanks
go to the many volunteers who made the race a success.
BOB MESHER
usJoµ5 kN[7us5 x9MAyzi4 vtmpÉdtq5
kwbsMs3ymJ5 @)))–u kw5ydIs5ht4 wk5t©3gu4
Ne5bst4ƒgi9l cEbsI4f5 Mac–u PC–u¬8î5 x7ml
st3tylt4 É–Ñ–Ö–aiq8i4 kN[7us5. b4fx vtmpx„5 kw5yymo3g5 ÉÑkN[4 x9MAtzi4 xg3bsA8Ngi4
cEbsI3j5 xg3bsA8Ngoµ5yxk5, b4fxl ÉÑkb6 x9MAtq5
xg3bsA8No3ht4 Unicode international standard–j5, b5hm
Ne5bstzb wi9ozstq5 xg3bsA8Nmb cEbsIoµ5yxk5.
b4fx vtmpx„5 kw5yym7uJ5 ÉÑ Ne5bstu4 WQs3ãAtu4,
wo8ix[8k5 xg3bs?9oxc5b§ao3gi4. sNl Wsi3XsJ6:
b4fx nN3Dtq5 xg3bsA8Nyx3g5 xrc1q©t9lQ5¡ hNoµ5yxi4
Wbc3gc3m5 wk5tg3gi4 xgDtsA8Ngi4 cEbsI3k5 ÉÑkN[4
cEbsIc3[zi5 WIsA8Ngi4 s?i www.aipainunavik.com.
b4fx vtmpx„5 WNhxc5bg5 xam5yt5yQxc5bht4,
cspn3ht4 ck6 wk5t©q5 x6rh3bsm§a7m¯b nN3Dti9l
kwtE5ht4
xy5pt5yAtsA8Ngi4
kbsqi3nI3i4
x9MAti4 Unicode–j5. WNhx3bsmEQxcq8Ng5 ho
Wsyosut5yQxDtslt4 wk5tg3gw5 xg3bsAyq8i4 cEbsI4f5.
vtmpx„5 bfZhx3XoxJ5 kw5yZhxMzlt4 >wobEIsJu4>
kN[7usk5 €3eh3bsm9ME8ixgu4 wk5t©u4 cEbsIoEst5nu4,
nN3Dt5ni9l xy5pt5yAtsA8Ngi4 scDy3i4 x7ml cEbsIj5
kwbtbsJw5 wk5t©D8N©zo3lt4¡
vtmpx„5 xrc1qgi4 wo8ixt5yAtc3g5 nS7u[c3ht9l
wos6vwAtsA8Ngi4 ÉÑ x9MAtq8i4 Ne5bstq5b
€3eh3ymstq8i4 bà8k5 Mac–jl Windows–jl. gryQx5yxDmJ5
x9MAtoEi3u4 grjx5typj5 sçMA8Ng5 sºb k?o1zj5
sKz !-*))-#^!-@@$$ s{?¬8î5 x9MAtu4 W?9oxt5ypj5
sº †lj5 sKz Acorda Design, at 1-866-64-AIPAI s?¬8î5
cEbsI4f5 sKz: [email protected].
magazine
t
All About Using Syllabics
on Computers
MAKIVIK
wk5t©u4 xg3g5 cEbsI4f5
37
W?9oxJ5
m8gpx3us5 wkw5
Montreal Inuit Update
8gpx3us5
wkw5
vg5pctŒ8izk5
wMsJ5
sWQIc3iCMsJK5 Barry Clarke–u4 Xslys2 xzov4f5
g5yx[zb xJe3gwpzi4 M¥8u kNozi. b8N Clarke
iDx3bsMsJ7m5 xJe3gwp7mEsi3j5 m8gpx2 g5yx[q8k5
y2t7WE !(–aMs3gu. b8N Clarke nS7uc5bymo3g6 m8gpx3us5
wkq8i4 xuh7mE8i4 x3ÇAi4, vtt5yc5bymo3hil,
X5ttE5hil w3csmi3jl g5yspic3hi Xslys2
g5yx[zi, x7ml5bs6 vg5pctŒ8if8i4 xg3bst5y?5hi
b6rbµ5 iE7µt5yic3tlQ5 x3ÇAi b9omsMs3gi4. b8N
xJe3gwpsMs3ym7uJ6 Xslys2 g5yx[zi mr{[f9l kN[7u
wlyoEp4fl N7uicÎbEt9lQ5 m3Dwi4 gJ3us[8i4 M¥8
kNozi. ãmtbsmJEKA5 b5huz Clarke–u4 cspm÷cExu4
Nf3ãNoµMz5hbl wk5yxaizk9l nS7uyx3Xizk9l.
y2t7WE @%–u iE7µtbsic3tlQ5, vg5pctŒ8if5
É5©tcMsJ5 wkw5 nN1axZzi4 Nf3üDtui4.
kSeD ryvu, wl3Dyo8i4 cspn3tsJ6 m8gpx3us5
wkq8i4 cspnExzMs3ymJ6 !((^–u stoMsJQK6 xsA+tst9lA ÉEst4rhi m8gpx3us5 wkq8k5
bb3nbsQx9MExo8i4. Ö4fx cspn3ij5 wMscbsJ5
xro3bsMsJ5 R@)–i4. vt5ht4 b8N grymst5nb3[cMsJ6
!)) szbª9ME5gi4 m8gpx3us5 wkq8i5. b4fx
grymst5nbEMs3bq5 cspn3ic3hi giIs˜3ixg5
gnC5nsic3lt4 vg5pctŒ8if8k5 xg3ic˜3gns5ht9l
®NsIi4 g5yC3bsJcChxo3X5 v?m4fi5 bà8i5.
µ8Nsizi, b6rbµ5 iE7µtbsc5bq8Ngw5 ho
òdIs5ht9l wkoµ5 b3es2 x9oqhw5 ra9oXzîo3Xb
xoxhcbsixC5y. Nf3übs7uJ5 kN[7üg5 Wtbsq8NoµC5b
wcl8il iei9l iE7µDtQ§5ti4. vg5pctŒ8if5
sWQIc3ixg5 b9omi4 x3ÇA3go3iuk5 s5©WEu.
embers of the Association of Montreal Inuit (AMI) send
their heartfelt congratulations to Barry Clarke of St. Paul’s
Anglican Church on 44th Avenue in Lachine. Mr. Clarke was
elected to the position of Bishop for the Montreal diocese this
past September 19th. Among his good works, Bishop Clark
has regularly supported the Montreal Inuit for many years,
including performance of several Inuit weddings, baptisms, and
memorial services at St. Paul’s, as well as allowing the AMI
to use their parish hall for monthly traditional feasts over the
past five years. He was also the Minister for St. Paul’s Church
back when Makivik and the Nunavik Health Board owned and
operated two transit houses in the Lachine neighborhood. We
feel blessed to be on such familiar terms with Mr. Clarke and
will continue to be grateful for his generous spirit and support.
At our September 25th monthly gathering, AMI presented him
with an Inuit carving as a show of our appreciation.
Nobohiro Kishigami, the anthropologist who first did a survey of Inuit in Montreal back in 1996, was in the city last August
with questionnaires for Montreal Inuit to fill out again. Those
who participated in the research were paid $20.00. Altogether,
he received information from well over 100 Montreal area Inuit.
The information from his latest research will be given in report
form to AMI and should prove useful when making representations for funding from the two levels of government.
Meanwhile, we continue with our monthly feasts and invite
all Inuit in the area for the last Saturday of each month to join
in the fun. Thanks are also extended to those in Nunavik who
continue to provide us with fish and meat for these celebrations. AMI celebrates its fifth anniversary in October.
m
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38
COMPLIMENTS: VICTOR MESHER
kN[7u
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kN[7u
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M
Coming soon: Legal Information
on the Radio!
E
ight short legal information shows, dealing
with subjects that are particularly relevant to
women, will soon be distributed to every Nunavik
FM station. This legal information project is
the result of collaboration between Makivik,
Educaloi (a non-profit organization dealing with
public legal information dissemination) and
Taqramiut Productions Inc. and was made possible thanks to funding provided by the Québec
Minister of Justice.
FIRST AIR (X2)
NUNAVIK notes
Ó+ wx: cz5bÔdtui4
N7uic9MEo3g5
First Air:
Full Owners of the Fleet
i #), @))$, Ó+ wx4f5 WI‰3tyMsJ5 is[3ymI3ui4
Northwest International Airways Ltd.–fi5 sfiz cz5bÔi4
Hercules aircraft C-GHPW x7ml Boeing 737 C-GNWN. b4fiz
WMs3hi, Ó+ wx4ff5 N7uic9MEo3g5
cz5bÔdtoµui4.
Ó+ wx4f5 cspymo3g5 N7uic9MEQxu4
Wsi3nsQxz xfî3gf5 ®NsèDtc3ymi3j5
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Ó+ wx4fi4, WJEstc9ME5gnsZlx5
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bm8N ho s5©CstsQx9Mg6 ck6 b4yI3tsht4 wkw5
gi3Dtc§a7m¯b vNbs2 x5hw5©izk5.>
n June 30, 2004, First Air finalized a sales transaction
with Northwest International Airways Ltd. to purchase outright the Hercules aircraft C-GHPW and Boeing 737 C-GNWN.
With this acquisition, the airline now owns all
of the aircraft in its fleet.
First Air has found that full ownership has
always proven to be a superior long-term investment over other alternatives such as leasing.
Pita Aatami, chairman for First Air, said, “The
Inuit of Nunavik, who are the rightful owners of
First Air, should be very proud of this Makivik
subsidiary company which provides employment for approximately 1000 people. This is yet another example of how the
tax-paying Inuit contribute to the wealth of Canada.”
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H
undreds visited the Inuit Ar tist
Association’s (IAF) two-day Ottawa event, Arts
Alive: Inuit Ar tists From Across the Arctic.
There were car ving demonstrations, drum
dancing, throat singing, ai ja ja singing and
dancing, fiddling, and a whip-cracking demonstration. The event was an example of how
Inuit art continues to thrive in the North and
South, allowing the ar tists to gather inspiration for new works, while ar t buyers and
collectors relish these rare opportunities to meet artists from
all over the North.
Prior to the event, the IAF formed a new board of directors
and re-elected Mattiusi Iyaituk as president. Okpik Pitseolak
was re-elected vicepresident and Mathew
Nugingak became secretar y-treasurer. Other
elected board members
included John Terriak,
N u n a P a r r, L u c i e n
Kabvitok, Derrik Pottle
and Inuk Charlie.
magazine
!))
Arts Alive for IAF
MAKIVIK
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INUIT ART QUARTERLY (X3)
Ô
39
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40
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gryQx5yxDmJk5.
Puvirnituq’s Marine
Infrastructure
L
ike other marine infrastructures being constructed in the
Nunavik communities, the Puvirnituq project was conceived by
the Makivik Construction division to provide a safe and convenient place for the community’s boats. To date, the Puvirnituq
project has been the most complicated
Nunavik marine infrastructure to build.
The construction of the project started
this past April and scheduled to be finished by mid-November.
The project includes a breakwater
that stands 12 feet above sea level. This
breakwater, together with a secondary breakwater, will protect the boats
moored at the concrete wharf and the
two floating docks. The whar f is 108
feet long by 39 feet wide. The floating
docks are prefabricated in the south and
can accommodate up to 48 canoes. The
depth of water within the breakwater will be eight feet in parts
for the small boats and 13 feet in parts for larger vessels such
as Peterhead boats. An estimated 115,000 cubic metres of
materials will have been excavated for this project.
The project has also brought some 25 jobs to Inuit workers. This year, Aupaluk and Puvirnituq both received marine
infrastructures. Next year’s marine infrastructure projects are
planned for Inukjuak and Tasiujaq.
Continuous Intake
at Isuarsivik
I
suarsivik Treatment Centre’s 28-day
substance abuse recovery program began
taking in clients continuously as of this past
September. This means that anyone living
in the Nor th or from the Nor th can begin
recovery there starting any day of the month,
whereas before, all group members started and graduated at the same time. Call
1-866-964-9994 for more information.
NUNAVIK notes
elefilm Canada operates the Spark Plug Program, which
provides funding and support for established Aboriginal and
visible minority television producers.
The intent of this program is to advance the business and
creative skills of Aboriginal and visible minority producers in the
development of a dramatic television production as well as to
increase the number of promising television scripts available
for licensing from these groups. To this end, Telefilm will promote the development of partnerships among producers and
broadcasters and other key industry decision makers.
Under the Spark Plug Program, Telefilm Canada also
provides funding for the development of a television drama,
professional development training and attendance at the Banff
Television Festival. Successful applicants will receive project
development funds and attend two immersion sessions to suppor t the development of a
further phase of a television
drama project. Immersion
sessions will consist of
one-on-one meetings, group
seminars, and practice pitch
sessions, with the benefit of
the expertise of broadcasters
and industry professionals.
Applicants who fully participate in the immersion
sessions will be invited to
attend the Banff Television
Festival. Par ticipants will
receive an over view of festival protocol as well as meeting with commissioning editors
and industry professionals.
The Spark Plug Program is for established Aboriginal and
visible minority television producers. As a result, applicants
should have some production credits under their name.
This is a three-year program, but there are annual deadlines
for submitting project proposals. Unfortunately, there is often
little time between the call for submissions and the relevant
deadline. As a result, the deadline for this year’s submission
may have passed by the time this magazine is published.
However, there will likely be additional calls for proposals in
2005. Interested individuals with Internet access can keep an
eye out on the Telefilm web site for any such announcement.
People can also contact Telefilm’s communications and public affairs manager, Jeanine Basile, for more information. Call:
(514) 283-6363 or 1-800-567-0890. The Spark Plug web site
is at: http://www.telefilm.gc.ca/03/311.asp?lang=en&doc_
id=229&fond_id=5
magazine
elefilm Canada–f5 xsM5yic§5 sfiz “Spark Plug
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grjx5typsJi4 kwbt5ypsJi9l x7ml xyq8i4
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y?i3lA sKz G%!$H @*#–^#^# s{?¬8î5 !–*))–%^&–)*().
b4fx Spark Plug–f5 cEbsI4ƒ[z wà5g6: http://www.telefilm.gc.ca/03/311.asp?lang=en&doc_id=229&fond_id=5
T
MAKIVIK
T
Federal Funding for You.
BOB MESHER
v?mgc4fk5
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41
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42
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SAROLLIE INUKPUK
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Québec–u
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tusJk5 v?mk9lH, ßuzl “A Québec
Inhabited and Animated” GwMŒk5
WNhZc3ij9l, x5pŒ5yxgi4 x5bN1qgi9l
W?9oxt5yi3j5 kNoc3[sJi4; kâ5
NJ3bsiq8k5 - wq3C[s§aiq8k5
tr5b[s§åiq8kl; ®NsIosChx3tsi3u4
– wªy3tA5 WNhxctŒ8if9l mrb-
uring the week of August 2nd to 6th,
2004, the Saputiit Youth Association of
Nunavik’s executive had a meeting in
Québec City as it was decided last year
in Montreal at their previous executive
meeting.
The Saputiit executive that attended
the meeting was president Jonathan Epoo
of Kuujjuaq, vice-president Jimmy Ohittuk
of Kangiqsujuaq, treasurer Jonathan Grenier
of Kuujjuaq, secretar y Aloupa Itigaittuk
of Quaqtaq, Ungava Bay representative
Rhoda Eetook of Kangirsuk, Hudson Bay
representative Rita Tooktoo of Umiujaq,
and Makivik Corporation’s youth liaison
officer, Adamie Padlayat.
Saputiit is in the process of developing
the Association’s policies and procedures.
They have received assistance for this work
from the Makivik Lawyer Jocelyn Barrett and
landholding corporations’ legal assistant,
Hélène Orlando. This is an ongoing topic
for Saputiit as they look into other youth
organizational policies and procedures in
preparation for their 2005 annual general
meeting in Kuujjuaraapik.
In order to preserve our
culture and language in
today’s world we have
adapted the old ways with
the modern, by balancing
both, yet keeping our
Inuit identity, culture and
language as a priority, strong
and proud.
The Saputiit members also chose the
youth that would attend the upcoming
Québec Youth Summit in Alma, Québec.
These were Jonathan Epoo, Jimmy Ohittuk,
Aloupa Itigaittuk, Rhoda Eetook, Sandy
Angnatuk, Arsiiq Kanarjuak, Matthew
Ningiuruvik, Pat Tasse and Adamie Padlayat.
xtz:
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Name:
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WzJzi4 x3ÇA3go3g6 wo8ixts5hi John Abbott
College wo8ix[7mEzi
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Sarah Lisa K. Alaku
June 6, 1983
Moose Factory
Inukjuak
Daughter, Judy
Caribou meat and spaghetti
Ice hockey and cosom hockey
Third year Social Sciences student, John Abbott College
To get more involved with Inuit youth issues
Living away from home during post-secondary education
People who blame their problems on other people
The last Québec Youth Summit was held
four years ago in Québec City when the
Youth Funds were introduced to all regions
of Québec.
The youth secretariat of Québec, Anne
Bussiere, came to the Makivik office in
Québec City to give a presentation to the
Saputiit executive. She reports directly to
the premier of Québec concerning all the
youth activities in this province.
Anne also talked of a new financial
agreement for the Fond Regional Investment
de Jeuness, including an increased threeyear operations budget that was put forth
for the region of Nunavik. She also gave
details about the major orientations for the
budget: Success in Education, Employment
and Qualifications, Social Issues, and Youth
Centres.
Tunu Napar tuk, who works at the
National Film Board of Canada, also came to
Québec City to make a presentation. It is the
final year of high school for eight teen students at Innalik School in Inukjuak. Through
an initiative of the National Film Board, in
collaboration with the Kativik School Board,
these eight students — Rita-Lucy Ohaituk,
Bobby Echalook, Sarah Idlout, Laura Iqaluk,
Linus Kasudluak, Willia Ningeok, Caroline
Ningiuk, and the late Dora Ohaituk — were
selected to document this pivotal year of
their lives. The result of their collaboration
is “Inuuvunga: I am Inuk, I am Living”, a
vibrant and utterly contemporary view of
life in Canada’s north.
Québec Youth Summit in Alma, Québec
The second Québec Youth Summit
was held in Alma, Québec the weekend
of September 3rd to 6th, 2004. There were
400 to 500 youth from all over Québec.
At this event there were at least three
different workshops in the morning and
at least three other workshops in the
magazine
D
Nunavik Player
MAKIVIK
Saputiit’s Face-to-Face
Executive Meeting
kN[7u W1axt
MATTHEW PARTRIDGE
An Update from
the Youth
43
ZhxD†5; x7ml wªyc5yxi3u4 wMscbsi3u4 w2WQIc5yxi3u4H, x7ml
“A Québec of Knowledge and Creation”
Gwo8ixioEi3j5 S4ri3nu4, S3gi3nul,
S3gi3nQx9Mu9l; W[cD8Ni3ul, vmQIc3iu9l ®NsIc3tyi3ul wo8ixioEsti4; kbi4 nN1axti4 nS7ui3ul
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x5pŒq©iq8i4; x7ml cspn3iu4
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s9lw5 gzozi vtmixDyc3tlQ5
W5JtcMsJ5 mfiz “A Healthy and
Interdependent Québec” Gh4fÖot5yi3j5, wªy3tA5 Wâlbc3ij5,
ckwqyx3ioEsti9l;
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44
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Place of birth:
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Favourite people:
Favourite sport:
Favourite food:
Occupation:
Future goal:
Most difficult obstacle
to overcome:
Pet peeve:
Beatrice Liina Deer
Oct 2, 1982
Quaqtaq
Quaqtaq
Parents and Harriet Keleutak
Fishing
It varies; now it’s sushi
School secretary
To go back to school and/or become a photographer
The loss of loved ones
Coughing!
BOB MESHER
kN[7u W1axt
Nunavik Player
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as a priority, strong and proud. Statistics
show more than 80 percent of the households use their Inuit mother tongue as their
first language. We have achieved this by
respecting other cultures and languages as well, even going to school in either
English or French, yet promoting and having
the utmost pride for our Inuit culture and
language. Music and seasonal festivals,
language workshops, elder and youth conferences, community games and gatherings,
camping, hunting, fishing, and trapping are
just a few ways we have achieved this. And
just by passing on all this to our children
we have maintained our Inuit Identity —
strong and proud. Vive le Nunavik!!! Thank
You, Merci, Nakurmiik”.
LISA KOPERQUALUK
÷ib8 wS nS†5 s[Z3gw5 vg5pctŒ8izb
xzJ3çz
Jonathan Epoo, president of the Saputiit Youth
Association of Nunavik.
magazine
energy and transpor t; responsible consumption; and global responsibilities for
companies and governments), “A Québec
Inhabited and Animated” (on families and
work, equitable and durable development of the regions; occupation
of the territor y — migration and
immigration; entrepreneurship — a
social and cooperative economy; and
quality of life — a feeling of belonging), and “A Québec of Knowledge
and Creation” (on primary, secondary, and post-secondary education;
accessibility, management and
financing the school system; new artists and support of artistic creation;
ongoing education; globalization
and cultural diversity; and research
and ethics).
Workshops on the second day were “A
Healthy and Interdependent Québec” (on
prevention, social problems, and health
issues; fighting poverty and exclusion; the
health and social services system; autonomous and trade-union social movements;
and globalization and social solidarity), “A
Democratic Québec” (on justice, participation and citizenship education; the state’s
role and public finance; media and information; globalization and democracy; and
democratic institutions and power)
After each workshop, the facilitators
met and reflected on what was said during the meeting and summed up everyone’s
contributions. All the delegates then met
MAKIVIK
SAROLLIOE INUKPUK
ULAYU PILURTUUT
afternoon. Although there were no translators at these workshops, the facilitators
had requested volunteers from each workshop to translate for the Inuit, the Cree,
and the Anglophone delegations. This was
the first time that the Cree youth attended the Québec Youth Summit.
The three workshops for the first day
were “A Greener Québec” (on water and
natural resources; food and agriculture;
at the auditorium to debate about each of
the subjects that were summed up by the
facilitators of each workshop.
Each region was requested to make
a two-minute speech on the subject, “Two
minutes to change the World”. During the
lunch break, the Nunavik delegates assisted the president of Saputiit, Jonathan Epoo,
to prepare his speech.
Jonathan’s speech went: “ I’d like to
share a bit of Nunavik Inuit history of how
we are preserving our culture and language
rather than to try and change the world in
two minutes. If you can imagine fifty years
ago the Inuit in Nunavik lived the traditional way of life, a nomadic life style, following
the migration of the animals, hunting, fishing and gathering, with minimal contact
of the outside world. Then rapid change
occurred to our culture where our people
were forced to move into permanent settlements and leave behind our traditional
lifestyles; the nomadic way of living.
Our language and culture was now
threatened by this new lifestyle. In order to
preserve our culture and language in today’s
world we have adapted the old ways with
the modern, by balancing both, yet keeping our Inuit identity, culture and language
45
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JONATHAN GRENIER (X5)
n
46
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Youth Animators
Training
T
MAKIVIK
magazine
he Saputiit Youth Association of Nunavik,
in conjunction with the Nunavik Regional
Board of Health and Social Services, held
a Youth animators training session in
Puvirnituq this past September. The animators not only learned, but also enjoyed
the training, which was taught by three
professional instructors.
The training included events such as
skits, games, and archery. “At the start of
the week, we heard several animators several animators say they wanted to go home.
By the end of the week some almost had
tears in their eyes because they wanted to
stay,” reported Jonathan Grenier, Saputiit’s
treasurer.
47
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Pita Aatami was among the Inuit leaders to sign a commemorative ITK
flag for the Labrador Inuit’s land claim agreement.
ITK Annual General
Meeting in Repulse
Bay, Nunavut
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48
By Adamie Padlayat
s president of the National Inuit Youth
Council (NIYC), I attend each of the board
meetings and general assemblies of the
Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (ITK).
In October 2003 in Puvirnituq, at the
last general assembly of the ITK board,
Naujaat (Repulse Bay) was selected to
host the 2004 ITK/ICC general assembly
in June 2004.
Each year that I have been delegated to
attend these sittings, I have been mandated
by the NIYC to ask for a voting seat within the board of ITK. Since NIYC has joined
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The ITK annual general meeting.
the ITK board we have had only an ex-officio seat, meaning that we (the NIYC) can
attend the meetings but we cannot vote in
any decisions made at the sittings.
This year we did not
make such a request, due to
the fact that the NIYC is still
in the process of restructuring our organization. Since
the inception of the NIYC
back in 1998, the Council
was never incorporated, so
we said that before we make
a request for another voting
seat within ITK, we should
first incorporate our body.
However, I did introduce
our National Inuit Youth Suicide Prevention
Framework that came out in mid-summer of
2004 to the board of ITK. This Framework
was requested at the National Inuit Elders
and Youth Conference in Inukjuak in March
2003.
Since then, a youth from Iqaluit,
Nunavut, named Qajaaq Raurri
Ellswor th, has been contracted by the NIYC to consult many
organizations to see what the
organizations have done towards
suicide prevention in the northern communities. He also has
gone to other countries to make
presentations as well as to learn
about what other countries are
doing in the field of suicide prevention.
The NIYC would like to thank
and commend Qajaaq Raurri Ellsworth with
the hard work that was put forth towards
this framework. Aakulujutit.
COMPLIMENTS: ADAMIE PADLAYAT (X2)
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Nunavik Research
Fact Sheet 003
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NUNAVIK RESEARCH CENTRE
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MAKIVIK
PETER MAY
magazine
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49
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Nunavik Research
Fact Sheet 003
Avian Cholera
can also transmit to other animals such as dogs,
cats, bear, rodents and foxes.
What is avian cholera?
Avian cholera is a highly infectious disease
caused by the bacterium, Pasteurella multocida.
It is considered the most important infectious disease of waterfowl which can lead to rapid die-offs
of large numbers of birds. The Canadian Cooperative
Wildlife Health Centre (CCWHC) reports that during the last two decades the frequency of mortality
from this disease has increased dramatically and is
more widespread. The U.S. National Wildlife Health
Canter has ranked avian cholera, together with avian botulism and lead poisoning, as the leading causes of waterfowl
mortality.
Is avian cholera a human health concern?
Avian cholera is not considered a high risk
to humans and no fatalities have been reported.
However, human infection can occur through open
wounds. There is also evidence that in confined
areas, with restricted air movement, the bacterium can be inhaled if a large number of infected carcasses
are present.
50
PETER MAY
mr[4f5
eu3Dxq5
Where and when does avian cholera
Avian cholera is not
What are the field and clinical signs
commonly occur?
suggesting avian cholera?
considered a high risk to
In North America, most major outbreaks
Avian cholera is suspect when hundreds
humans and no fatalities occur in the United States. In Canada, dieto thousands of water fowl die within one
offs have occurred in Saskatchewan and
have been reported.
to two days and appear otherwise to be in
to a much lesser extent, Manitoba and the
However, human
good condition. Few sick birds are seen durNorthwest Territories. Outbreaks can occur
infection can occur
ing an outbreak because of the acute nature
at any time of the year. The Ivujivik outof this disease. Sick birds appear lethargic,
through open wounds.
break (see Michael Kwan’s article) is the
and can easily be captured but may then die
first known case in the eastern Canadian
within minutes. Other signs include convulArctic. However, other cases may have
sions; swimming in circles; throwing the head back between
gone unreported.
the wings; erratic flight and plunging into water or onto the
ground; mucous discharge from the mouth; soiling or matWhat can communities do to help to combat avian cholera?
ting of the feathers around the anus, eyes, and bill; pasty,
Residents of communities should be vigilant and report
yellow or yellow-brown droppings; or blood-stained droppings
to their municipal office immediately if they see numerous
or nasal discharge.
dead water fowl in an area. Special precautions need to be taken – no attempt
How is the disease transmitted and what
should be made to handle the carcassspecies are affected?
es until properly prepared. The location,
The disease is usually transmitted birdconditions and the estimated number of
to-bird contact through secretions or via
carcasses should be reported as soon as
feces, contaminated by the bacteria, soilpossible to the municipal office. When coning food or water. Transmission can occur
tacted by the CNV, the Nunavik Research
between dif ferent species of wild and
Centre will send instructions on how to
domestic birds. In the wild, the disease is
sample the dead birds and dispose of the
common in geese and ducks. Scavenger birds, such as gulls
carcasses safely.
and crows, are also frequently infected and can spread the disIf you would like further information, please contact the
ease by consuming carcasses of infected birds. The disease
Nunavik Research Centre. 1-877-625-4845
Ì5huz x9MymJÉ7u4 É5gbs8iD[5 wvJ3bsAmiC3[sKt5:
Wg5ymAtsMsE4 wªy3u4 Wso5yctslt4¡
If you have received this Card, it is a Cry for Help:
BE-A-LINK – SAVE A LIFE!
BOB MESHER
Si vous avez reçu cette carte, il s’agit d’un appel à l’aide :
SOYEZ UN MAILLON DE LA CHAÎNE – SAUVEZ UNE VIE !
« NJq8Noµ3lA - wªyzi4 rWyŒ4ftsZ[5¡
« ˆM9lA ˆM5yxlA gryx5yxChx3lA. sc3bq5 W7mEstlQ5¡
« òdplt5 sçMlt9¬î5 wvJ3tn3u4 b{ëN6¡
• Stay with the person – you are their lifeline!
• Listen, really listen. Take them seriously!
• Get, or call help immediately!
• Restez avec l’individu – vous êtes sa bouée de sauvetage !
• Écoutez, écoutez vraiment. Prenez-le(la) au sérieux !
• Obtenez, ou appelez à l’aide immédiatement !
sWA§t?K5
v4v˜5
yK9ou
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fÔ, wän gu4 Ù9 x8gÔ fÔ x7ml É‰8 à.
Congratulations to the kids from the previous contest who
correctly guessed this STOP sign: Willie Tumic, Illutak Anautak,
Isaac Crow, Elisa Tumic, Paul Andrew Crow, and Irene May.
Its OK to Ask 4 Help!®
Wxê5Fv4v˜5 WostcbsAmJ5 srscExø5
!@-i4 s{?¬8î5
!@ xÌi srsc3lt4.
KIDS HELP PHONE * 1-800-668-6868
Wz§J3gi4 ñMcst5ni4
W[cD8NSt5¡
6 chances to win a prize!
ƒ4Jxu NMs5yÔ2 xtz xjIsQx˜3g6 ie5y[7u ª[7WE
@^, @))$-ao3X5.
Drawing will be held in Kuujjuaq on Friday, November
26th, 2004.
C’est correct de demander de l’aide !
NMs5yQx3lt5 rsAtt5 sKz x9MÌ3[f5
xs9Mt9lQ5:
Send your answer to:
Kid’s Mystery Photo
c/o Makivik Magazine
P.O. Box 179
Kuujjuaq QC J0M 1C0
ckw1qg6 wvJ3bsAmQxu4¡
Wxê5Fv4v˜5 wvJ3bsAm[z * 1-800-668-6868
x†5/Your name
srst5/Your age
x9Mb3[f5 yMtt5/Your address
s[iD3Wl xqiz/Your shirt size
*Cards distributed by the Arctic Children and Youth Foundation * www.arcticcyf.org”
1.
2.
3.
4.
JEUNESSE, J’ÉCOUTE * 1-800-668-6868
NMs5yQx3g5 rsAtt5 xs9Mt9lQ5 sfiz
x9MymJi4 wMc3tlQ5:
Send the following information with your correct
answer:
*Cartes distribuées par Arctic Children and Youth Foundation * www.arcticcyf.org”
Contestants must be 12 years old or younger.
YELLOW RIBBON SUICIDE PREVENTION PROGRAM® • 303-429-3530 • www.yellowribbon.org
scD8N„5 sN x5pax6 hNs7m¯5V
Can you tell us what this picture is?
>x9MymJx„5 gi3DtsJ5 srs3bgu eg3zsJ5 s[Z3gwl WNhxD5Is[zk5>
* www.arcticcyf.org”
Kid’s Mystery Photo Contest
d3hÌ„5 n{[usÖ5 w7uix3ty5ÖoA†5: • 303-429-3530 • www.yellowribbon.org
Wxê5Fv4v˜5 x5paxu4 NMs5ñDtc3lt4 WostAtz5
PROGRAMME RUBAN JAUNE POUR LA PRÉVENTION DU SUICIDE : 303-429-3530 • www.yellowribbon.org
s9MstJi4 ye3aI4f5Fyeidt4f5
vmp àf9 fx8 ho5yxgu4 Ù5
w3Dux3u4 s9MyQx1zt5yNh5g6
!*-uN5yi x3Ni5 yK9osli
s9Mostyt9lQ5 N9oz5
ñMogw8N6 xs9MD8NyM3tlA
c3Ïl7j5 Mount Everest/ms8
wxKC+j5 mJC3g5 b7µym[Q§z8k5
mJCctsQx3gli, ®NsItA5
wvJ3bsli mr{[f8k5.
Timekeeper Michael Kwan ensures
that Pat Ekomiak starts running
exactly 18 minutes after his female
competitors for the race to win a
trip to the base camp of Mount
Everest, sponsored by Makivik.
BOB MESHER
®
“I NEED
RIBBON”
TO
USE
MY
YELLOW
It carries the message that there
are those who care and will help!
If you are in need and don’t know
how to ask for help, take this card to
a counsellor, teacher, clergy, doctor,
parent or friend and say:
THIS RIBBON IS A LIFELINE!©
øn dW3Dxl4 ƒ4Jxu s9Mostcbs5hiFs9Mstcbs5hi
s4©X @-at9lA ñM8îMsJK6FñMcMsJK6. ñMcMsJZul
mr{[f8k5 ®NsItA5 wvJ3yIsli wMs˜3ixo3S6
c3c¬2 Mount Everest Fms8 wxKC+aiC3bsÔ2 yM3Jxoµu
c3coµi5 S3gi3ÙaÔ2 mJC3bsoCu b7mym[s[Q§zk5
mJCcbsli. w7mç s9lw5 N9oxi yKi5ti wkgw8Nu4
mJE3gcCbDµ3uÔZlx6.
Lisa Koperqualuk won the race in Kuujjuaq on October
2nd. Thus she will be sponsored by Makivik Corporation to
participate in a trek to the base camp of Mount Everest.
Maybe one day we will have an Inuk at the peak of that
mountain.
Ì8N d3hÌW4 n{[usb6 kwtbsymJ6 w3csm5yAts5hi àf9 wxuu4.
>d3hbu4 n{[usÌWZi4 xgDmo3dz>
wM8ˆk9¬î5 sc3lt5 wµ4:
wvJ3tj5, wo8ixt5ypj5, xJe3gwpj5,
€8ixys3tmE7j5 xNˆ8k5 xÌÌ8kl8î5
gryt5yAtsJ6 wk5bcExzi4 vmh5yxgi4
wvJ3yA8Nhil r1am5yoD[5 wvJ3bsAmQxu4
NlA[5 xg3bsA8Ng6, N5nlA É5©tQA8NÖ5
Ì8N wªy3u4 Wg5ymAt4¡
»
« J’AI BESOIN D’UTILISER MON RUBAN JAUNE
®
Il contient le message que des gens
s’intéressent à vous et vous aideront!
Si vous avez besoin d’aide et ne savez
pas comment la demander, apportez
cette carte à un conseiller, un professeur,
un membre du clergé, un médecin, un
parent ou ami(e) et dites-lui :
CE RUBAN EST UNE BOUÉE DE SAUVETAGE !©

x9д5 fº5 Ax2µf+gwus5 x3W4 ÷7ox3ymJ5 Cree from

Transcription

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