Happy Holidays

Volume 30 Number 4 Winter 2006
Land Surveyors’ Association of Washington • Washington State Section of American Congress on Surveying & Mapping
Surveyor
Evergreen State
Happy Holidays
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Tel: 425-771-7776
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Serving Architects, Engineers, Surveyors and Contractors Since 1928
SURVEYOR
EvErgrEEn StatE
Land Surveyors’ Association of Washington (LSAW)
President.............................. Ken Swindaman
Secretary-Treasurer.................. Scott Thomas
President Elect................................. Jim Main
Past President........................... Greg Flowers
Vice President...........................Ben Petersen
Executive Director......................Anne Koenen
Address all correspondence for LSAW to:
Land Surveyors’ Association of Washington
424 205th N.E. • Sammamish, WA 98074-6942
Phone: 425/868-0200 Fax: 425/868-1771 e-mail: [email protected]
Homepage: http://www.lsaw.org
Address all material for magazine to:
Editor/Publisher: Aaron B. Blaisdell
Evergreen State Surveyor
PO Box 110700 • Tacoma, WA 98411
Phone: 253/404-0983 Fax: 253/404-0984 e-mail: [email protected]
Opinions expressed by individual writers are not necessarily endorsed by the officers or board of LSAW, the officers
or board of WSS/ACSM, or the editor of this publication. Articles may be reprinted with due credit given to the author
unless otherwise indicated at the beginning of the article.
We request all ads and material (graphics, fonts, etc.) be furnished on a CD or emailed in a .doc, .pdf, .eps or .tiff format. We readily process materials created in Adobe Pagemaker, Illustrator, Freehand, Photoshop, Microsoft Publisher,
Microsoft Word.
Advertising Policy
The magazine is published quarterly by LSAW and accepts advertising. Ads should be page-ready copy for photo-offset
printing. The rates are as follows:
Size
Yearly
Single Issue
Full Page................$456 Gray Scale, $875 Full Color
$138 Gray Scale, $242 Full Color
Half Page................$319 Gray Scale, $605 Full Color
$94 Gray Scale, $165 Full Color
Quarter Page..........$154 Gray Scale, $308 Full Color
$50 Gray Scale, $88 Full Color
Deadlines for material and advertising are one week after each Board of Trustees (BOT) meeting (see the calendar
on back cover for those dates). Running an ad does not imply endorsement of the advertiser by LSAW or ACSM. The
editor reserves the right to not accept ads or other material which may be in poor taste or conflict with the policies of
LSAW. Courtesy copies are traded with other state and provincial organizations.
LSAW Chapters & 2006 Presidents
Cascade Columbia
Murray Groenig.......................................509 949 5797
North Puget Sound
Robert MacOnie.....................................425 430 7369
Inland Empire
Todd Emerson........................................509 324 6000
Northwest
Adam Morrow ........................................360 671 7387
Lower Columbia
John Thatcher.........................................503 872 4744
South Central
Aaron Dyck ............................................509 735 7364
North Central
Bruce Dawson .......................................509 884 7173
Snohomish
Samuel Mutt...........................................425 388 6626
Northeast
Brent Johnston.......................................509 684 7256
South Puget Sound
Gary Letzring..........................................253 404 0983
North Olympic
Rob Johnston.........................................360 452 0237
Southwest
Michael (Mick) Sprouffske, Jr ................360 902 1197
From the
President............... 3
From the
Editor..................... 4
To the Editor.......... 5
Highlights of
the 4 November
2006 Board of
Trustees (BOT)
Meeting............ 7–10
And The
Winner Is….......... 12
Summer
Went to
Sleep Today…13–15
A Brief
History
of Surveying... 16–21
2007 Career
Advancement
Program (CAP).... 24
South Puget
Sound Chapter
Refresher
Course................. 25
American
Congress
On Surveying
and Mapping
Government
Affairs
Update........... 26–27
And Much More…
LSAW AUXILIARY
President, Cary Baker........................... 253-891-7272
Vice President, Janet Blaisdell.............. 253-474-4380
Secretary, Donna Garland .................... 253-638-6252
Table of
Contents
Treasurer, Ronda Coan......................... 425-255-3931
Scholarships, Vicky Thalacker............... 360-378-4578
Washington State Section, American Congress on Surveying and Mapping (WSS/ACSM)
Chairman:................................................... Gary Gervelis
Vice Chair................................................ Mike Mickiewicz
Secretary:.....................................................Hugh Nelson
Treasurer:.................................................... Julie Morland
Past Chair................................................... David George
Address all correspondence for ASCM to:
WSS/ACSM
P.O. Box 372 • Bellevue, WA 98009-0372 • www.wss-acsm.org
Layout and graphics in this
publication are largely from
Kellie Ham Type&Graphics,
253-843-9436. Printed by
Doyle Printing, 253-531-7087.
Winter 2006 Evergreen State Surveyor Evergreen State Surveyor Winter 2006
From the President
by Ken Swindaman, President
“I would like to
challenge you
to become more
active in YOUR
professional
organization.”
Fall certainly has arrived. I
hope everyone has weathered
the storms and your family
and property are safe. Mother
Nature is amazing sometimes.
Let’s hope the winter months
are a little less powerful.
• Gary Gervelis, drafted a mission statement, which was
approved at the March 4th
BOT meeting.
It does not seem possible that
my term as State President
is nearing the end. As many
past presidents have stated,
“it seems like we just wrapped
up the annual conference.”
Time really does fly when you
are busy.
• You provided input for the
2006 salary survey. I know
this has created much discussion within your chapters
and our profession.
As I was preparing to write
this message, I began to reflect on my year. I will confess
this year has been challenging
both on a personal and professional level. I will also admit
writing these messages have
been difficult. Before I was
sworn in as president, I had
a ton of ideas and opinions,
which I wanted to share with
you. When I sit down to write
these messages, I usually
decide not to stand on my
soapbox. I will save them for
another time.
I am happy to report that I
traveled to almost every chapter this past year. I was hoping
to make it to all the chapters, but work and personal
schedules prevented me from
accomplishing this goal. Traveling to the different chapters has given me a broader
perspective on various issues
each chapter works on. I
noticed that there is many
“behind the scene” people that
make things happen and we
should all be thankful for their
hard work.
ABOUT THE COVER:
Ralph Thompson 29 August
1917 running levels near E.
11th St. and Wapato Waterway for the hydraulic fill of
Tacoma tideflats.
This has been a productive
year for LSAW and I would like
to think we all worked together
to prepare for the future. I
would like to list a few of the
accomplishments and thank
those that helped make this a
successful year:
• We have a redesigned state
website.
• You continue to support
teacher training as an avenue to educate students
about our profession.
• Denny DeMeyer’s dream to
make the David Thompson
traveling exhibit a reality. He
has given us another tool
to educate kids about our
profession.
• Your support to hire a marketing/recruiter person. Thanks
Vic for taking on this huge
responsibility.
• Jim Wengler and his committee for their work on the
“Update Definition for Land
Surveying”. They have been
meeting with the groups that
opposed the legislation this
past year and have gained
their support.
I really want to thank each of
you for your support. Being a
member of our professional
organization is important.
Finally, I would like to challenge you to become more active in YOUR professional organization. As I stated above,
this year has been a year for
change and challenges. I ask
you to step forward to help
shape your profession and this
organization.
It has been honored to serve
as your State President this
past year. Thank you again for
your support and please contact me with any comments or
suggestions.
“The word ‘aerobics’ comes from
two Greek words: ‘aero,’ meaning “ability to,” and ‘bics,’ meaning
“withstand tremendous boredom.”
— Dave Barry
Winter 2006 Evergreen State Surveyor From the Editor
by Dave Berg
Ten years ago I was approached to take over the editorship of this publication. I resisted. At the time
I was happily cobbling together the monthly Chapter Chatter for the South Puget Sound Chapter and I
knew that orchestrating the Evergreen State Surveyor would be quite different. It would be much more
restrictive and, okay, much more professional looking than the Chapter Chatter was at that time. Finally
I relented, promising someone that I would take on the job until the publication garnered the NSPS Excellence in Journalism top award, but no more than ten years.
The Evergreen State Surveyor was awarded the NSPS award in 2004. ìIn for a Penny, In for a Pound,î
I elected to finish out the ten-year promise as well. With this issue, I will have completed 40 issues and
ten years as editor.
The editorship has been hard labor mixed with fun, mostly fun. Now it is time for a new editor to have
some fun. After this issue is published and mailed, your new editor will be:
Aaron B. Blaisdell, PLS, Office 253 404 0983, Fx 253 404 0984, [email protected]
Jim Pahl, my predecessor, set a high bar. I believe we have raised that bar. I expect Aaron Blaisdell will
raise it yet again.
Aaron will do a fine job for you. Please give him the support you honored me with.
Thanks for the experience.
HAPPY HOLIDAYS!
Dave Berg.
Mark your 2007 Calendars
for 8 and 9 November.
Two Days of Dennis Mouland and
Jerry Broadus in Federal Way, WA.
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Evergreen State Surveyor Winter 2006
To the Editor:
Dear Mr. Burg, (or is it Berg,
or is it Hamburger?)
I accept the challenge of putting together a check list to be
filled out every time a survey,
plat or short plat is sent in for
recording. I could find nothing under WAC 332-120-050
that dealt with survey map
requirements (WAC 332-120050 deals with monument
destruction-something all of
us surveyors hate), but I did
find something Mr. Day might
be interested in under WAC
332-130-050. Well, what do
you know? Someone has put a
lot of thought together to make
such a check list already! Will
you look at that-here it is, all
spelled out for us surveyors.
They talk about title blocks,
certificates, they even teach
some French in one section,
where they talk about “aliquot
parts”. I don’t know French too
well, but I do know that I don’t
want anyone check listing my
aliquot parts! I see too, that
there is mention of my survey
having to show a north arrow.
I’m kind of partial to south.
And why should it have to be
an arrow? Why couldn’t be a
tree, or a cattail, or an east
facing, Southwestern, North
American, Native American
lance? They also talk about
having to show distances in
feet and decimals of feet. I’ve
always used the vara (33 1/3
inches, poco más o menos, a
little more or less). I wouldn’t
think that using the Mexican
yardstick in my measurements
would cause reviewers any
heartburn-anymore than using
a south cattail. I also see that
there is mention of not being
able to use any adhesive material on my survey. How else
am I expected to keep it held
together? I’ve always been a
cut and paste kind of guy. They
also want to see the physical
description of any monuments
shown. I always use “big”,
because we all know that the
biggest pipe wins, right?
So with all of this said, I have
come up with a “new check
list.”
Mexican yardstick ___
Duct tape ___
Biggest pipe ___
There it is, simple and to the
point. That should remove
any acid reflux between PLS’s
and reviewers. If it doesn’t,
there could be one more item
listed under the “new check
list”… Rolaids___.
Regards,
John E. Thomas, PLS
Cadastral/Right of
Way Surveyor
WSDOT Southwest Region
South cattail ___
As of November the 1st we are proud to
announce that we have relocated our offices
in a new facility in Bothell, WA.
New Address:
DeGross Aerial Mapping, Inc.
18623 Beardslee Avenue
Bothell WA. 98011
Our phone and email shall remain the same.
Phone:
FAX:
Web:
Email :
425-828-4448
425-828-4446
www.dammaps.com
gerrie@ dammaps.com
[email protected]
Sincerely
DeGROSS AERIAL MAPPING, Inc.
Gerrie DeGross P.L.S.
Winter 2006 Evergreen State Surveyor A New Duo Will Make Its Debut
Sokkia’s 360° Prism
and, well ...
you fill in the blank.
Stop by Gendrons for more information on these revolutionary new products.
Now with two convenient locations:
JA Gendrons
122 E. Helena, Spokane, Wa.
509.326.4497
Gendrons 2
1529 W. Meeker St., Kent, Wa.
253.520.4729
Evergreen State Surveyor Winter 2006
Highlights Of The 4 November 2006
Board Of Trustees (BOT) Meeting
President Swindaman called the
meeting to order at 10a.m. in the
Kirkland Courtyard Marriott.
OLD BUSINESS
“Professor Tim
Kent is working
to get a
Conference
on Remote
Sensing
Education
(CORSE)
program
established here
in the Northwest”
Denny DeMeyer repor ted
that he has currently received
$10,500 of the $20,000 needed for the development of the
David Thompson Traveling
Exhibit. The BOT voted to
donate $2,000 to the effort.
Jim Wengler, Update Definition Committee, reported
that the group came up with
amendatory verbiage aimed at
garnering support from other
stakeholders. The BOT voted
to remove photogrammetry
from the committee changes.
There were a few other things
in the amendatory verbiage
that the BOT didn’t care for
and urged the committee to
not use them. The committee
is given the discretion to act as
necessary in discussions with
stakeholders.
Work on bringing the LSAW
bylaws up to date continues.
Vic Banks reported on the
progress of the Survey Career
Outreach program. He has
been making contacts with various schools and a Boy Scout
Troop. The program is still in
the formative stages from information relayed by teachers.
Chapters
are again
urged to
get names
of younger assistants who
can visit
schools
with him.
President Jim Main
President Elect Ben Petersen
Vice President Scott Thomas
Secretary/Treasurer Michael “Mick” Spouffske, Jr.
Past President Ken Swindaman
Surveyor and Associate of the
Year 2006 nominees were:
For Surveyor of the Year:
Carla Meritt, PLS
Jim Wengler, PLS
Vic Banks, PLS
Jim Coan, PLS
Mick Sprouffske, PLS
For Associate of the Year:
Erin Dunbar
Sydney Anne McKeag
Tom Ginsburg
Jeremy Disch
Trustees voted by written ballot at the meeting; the results
will be announced at our Annual Conference.
2007 BOT Meetings
4 March – Tacoma
Sheraton
18 May – Olympia
Governor House
25 August –Spokane
Ramada Inn
15 Sept – Free Seminar,
Clark College
10 Nov – Federal Way
2008 Annual Meeting and
seminar host chapters are
as follows:
February Meeting at State
Conference.
May Seminar and BOT meeting–North Olympic Chapter
NEW BUSINESS
August BOT–Cascade Columbia Chapter
LSAW officers for
2007 are:
September Free Seminar –Inland Empire Chapter
The following individuals are
new members of LSAW:
Cascade Columbia Chapter
John D. McCauley–Member
Inland Empire Chapter
Justin Brock–Associate
Larry Woodworth–Associate
Danette Main–Associate
Duffy D. Haggarty–Associate
Darin Faires–Associate
Justin W. Babington–Associate
Gordon W. Ray III–Member
Joshua A. Bagley–Member
Lower Columbia Chapter
Craig McConnell–Associate
Daniel Robert Pacholl–Associate
North Central
Ryan Weber–Associate
Drew Becker–Associate
Kristine Hansen–Associate
Nathanial Richard Munson
–Associate
William S. Summers–Associate
Jesse Redell–Member
Chuck Buennagel–Member
Erik Gahringer–Member
North Puget Sound Chapter
Josh M. Taylor–Associate
Harvey Cyr–Associate
Joshua Pret–Associate
Roger J. (Jack) Worsley–Student
John A. Little–Student
David Livingston–Student
Amber Frazier–Student
Northwest Chapter
Jayne M. Uerling–Associate
John Carlisle Anderson–Associate
Paul Lohne Whitmore–Associate
Robert M. Anderson–Member
Snohomish Chapter
Laurie Nowak–Associate
Michael J. Mallams–Associate
Ronald L. Torrence–Member
William Higley Sr–Member
(Continued on page 8)
Winter 2006 Evergreen State Surveyor Highlights (continued)
South Central Chapter
Jeremy Jones–Associate
Darrell W. Sowards Jr–Associate
Christopher Todd Lolkus–
Member
Edward Troy Snyder–Member
John Martin Bolin–Member
Richard R. Richter–Member
South Puget Sound Chapter
Craig J. DeKoning–Associate
Timothy J. Nichols–Associate
Omar Galeano Sr Member
David G. Plei –Member
Timothy J. Hanson–Member
Jared E. Ottmar–Student
Southwest Chapter
Jennifer Schoonmaker–Associate
COMMITTEE REPORTS
Evergreen State Surveyor
editor reminded the group
that when you ship an item
with UPS and mention the
Land surveyors’ Association
of Washington you will receive
a discount and LSAW will receive a kickback. Well worth
your effort.
There will be a “Career Hall”
at the 2007 conference in Tacoma. Firms can purchase a
table ($350) and promote their
company to attendees.
The 2007 conference scholarship auction committee
is looking for donations. Such
items as vacation packages,
wine tours, dinner packages,
boat trips, fishing trips, gift
baskets, day at the spa, sporting event tickets, condo timeshare packages, golf and/or
lunch packages, art work, photography, performance tickets,
to name a few would be appreciated. Contact either Ken
Swindaman (425 483 9915) or
Cary Baker (253 891 1565) to
make arrangements.
The LSAW Historical Society
donated $5,000 toward the David Thompson Traveling Exhibit.
The society is looking for his-
torical instruments for a display
at the 2007 conference.
Gary Gervelis is once again
Chair of the Spatial Reference Center of Washington (SRCW), Les Olson as
Treasurer. It doesn’t look as if
Height Modernization in Washington State will be funded for
2007. The group continues
to campaign to get funding
through contacts with the State
and Federal officials.
Leveling contracts have been
started in Pierce, Spokane
and Lincolns Counties. Many
additional GPS base stations
have been installed since July
2006.
The annual Walker Cup Golf
Tournament was held 25 Aug
2006 at the Trilogy Golf Club in
Redmond WA. One hundred
forty eight golfers enjoyed a
great day of sunshine, golf, food
and friends. A total of $5,000
was donated for the George F.
Walker Scholarship Fund.
Oregon Institute of Technology (OIT) liaison, Carla Meritt,
reported that the school’s
Geomatics Industrial Advisory
Committee held its first meeting in October 2006. Discussions at the meeting centered
around ways and means of
increasing student enrollment
in the program.
Professor Tim Kent is working to get a Conference on
Remote Sensing Education
(CORSE) program established here in the Northwest;
such a program would be a
substantial cost savings to
program sponsors.
Jon Yamashita, LSAW Reference Manual Chair, reported
that the 2006 updates are being
shipped. Order at www.lsaw.
org/docs/LSAWStore.pdf.
Denny DeMeyer reported that
he has been traveling around
the country raising funds for
Evergreen State Surveyor Winter 2006
the David Thompson Traveling Exhibit. He has commitments totaling $10,550 of the
needed $20,000.
ByLaws/Regulations Review
Chair, Earl Morriss, has drafted
several changes. He continues
reviewing the material and will
report next BOT meeting.
Larry Signani, GPS Committee Chair, reported that the
Washington State Reference
Network (WSRN) has added
stations at Burnaby, Canada,
Latah, Grouse Creek, Sprague,
Tumwater and Ridgefield. The
system is moving closer to
its goal of covering the state.
The Spider Network is being
computed for positions with a
network of 12 stations so far.
This will widely increase the
ability to provide Real Time
capabilities across the state.
There will be a Real Time GPS
Panel Discussion moderated
by Gavin Schrock at the 007
Licensed to Survey conference in Tacoma 1 March.
There will also be a machine
control presentation by the PPI
Group and Topcon 2 March,
and a Hands-On VRS GPS
workshop conducted by Gavin
on 3 March.
Ben Petersen, State Meetings
Chair, reported that the 007 Licensed to Survey preliminary
schedule and registration
form are posted to the web.
They are taking registrations
at this time. The conference
is scheduled for 28 Feb thru
3 March.
(Continued on page 9)
A High School
Trigonometry Skill
Awards Program
PURPOSE OF THE CONTEST
❖ To promote the study of Trigonometry in High School, and to promote excellence in the mastery and application of Trigonometry,
by honoring the individual student who has demonstrated his or
her superior skill among classmates at the High School level.
❖ To acquaint the high school trigonometry student with the use
and practical application of Trigonometry in the Surveying and
Mapping professions.
❖ To build an awareness of careers in Surveying and Mapping
among high school students, guidance counselors, and mathematics teachers.
SPONSORSHIP APPLICATION
Contact Erin Dunbar, TrigStar Chair,
360-695-3411
Highlights (continued)
CHAPTER REPORTS
(the editor wonders why only
five of the twelve chapters
submitted reports)
The Lower Columbia Chapter hosted Kathy Kegler as a
speaker recently. Ms Kegler
attended the CORSE program
this past summer. She gave
an overview of the program
and also showed how she was
incorporating it in her second
grade classroom.
Following the example set by
the South Puget Sound chapter, the Lower Columbia group
is looking at offering premeeting classes and mentoring.
Clark College is in the final
stages of preparation for offering a surveying program.
Classes would be mainly
evening and weekend to make
them more accessible to the
working person.
The Inland Empire Chapter
meeting attendance is holding
fairly steady at 20. The chapter
hosted the September Free
Seminar which featured Kyle
Hensley from BLM; the subject was Cadastral Surveying.
There have been a number of
Career Fairs in the area with
surveyors participating.
The North Olympic Chapter
‘s May seminar was a success
by any accounts. Fifty four
people packed the room.
Four applicants received a
little over $2,000 each via the
James V. Jacobs Scholarship.
Jon Purnell announced that the
scholarship committee agreed
to end the scholarship program
2006 Reference Manual
Updates are here!
130 page 2006 update is
now available through
the LSAW website
http://www.lsaw.org/docs/LSAWStore.pdf
$50.00 Members
$100.00 Non-Members
Entire New Manuals
$120.00 Members
$240.00 Non-Members
with Peninsula College and
instead, have it open to all
surveying students attending
any college in the state.
The Northwest Chapter reported that their attendance
continued to average 15-20
people. Speakers such as Jay
Irwin, Chicago Title Co and Vic
Banks, Chair of the Career
Outreach program help bolster
attendance.
The Southwest Chapter is
planning the Spring Seminar
next May featuring FEMA
Flood Insurance Mapping Issues for a half day, followed
by Floodplain Development:
Technical Guidance, by Wendy Lathrop.
The South Puget Sound
Chapter continues the free
pre-meeting classes providing
excellent educational opportunities for LSIT and PLS candidates. The chapter enjoyed an
interesting lecture on Forensic
surveying by officer John
Parks of the Tacoma Police
Department in September. No
meeting in August.
ment on whether GPS machine control for site grading contractors constitutes
land surveying (the California
board states that it is; further,
any surveyor furnishing coordinate lists to the contractor
is aiding and abetting such
unlicensed practice).
Bill Glassey, NSPS Governor,
attended the Lobby Day the
day before the Fall meeting.
Lobby Day to discuss matters
of interest to surveyors with our
Senators and representatives
(their staffs). In addition, Bill
reported that the membership
in NSPS is increasing. Those
LSAW members not currently
members are strongly urged
to join (fully ninety percent of
the LSAW BOT are members
of NSPS as well).
“It is agreed that Licensure
of Surveying and Mapping
Professionals will be based
on the hosts jurisdiction’s
requirements. Citizenship
and residency requirements
in the host jurisdiction are
not considered for licensure
in the licensing requirements
were adopted after 1994. The
language of commerce of the
host jurisdiction will be used.”
The NSPS Board of Governors
and Board Directors believes
the hobby/sport of geocaching
is an excellent opportunity to
promote the land surveying
profession. What is geocaching? It is a hi-tech version of
treasure hunting that requires
the use of handheld GPS receivers. The basic idea is that
individuals and organizations
establish and maintain cache
sites and publish the coordinate locations of the caches
on prearranged internet sites.
Other individuals and organizations then look for these
sites and report their impression/comments about the site
back via the web. Geocaching
is currently established in 222
countries. NSPS is asking
that each state affiliate join in
the game. What is a cache?
It is a waterproof container
that typically contains a log
book, pencil and small pencil
sharpener as well as a supply
of trinkets such as cards that
explain something about the
area the cache is located in.
The caches are located on
public land, semi-hidden, but
in such a way that the environ-
NSPS is also soliciting com-
(Continued on page 10)
OTHER BUSINESS
National Society of Professional Surveyors (NSPS) at
their Fall meeting, passed two
important motions concerning
NAFTA. The first motion withdrew support for Version 8-2.
The second motion voted to
pursue an agreement on NAFTA based on the following:
Winter 2006 Evergreen State Surveyor Highlights (continued)
ment is not disturbed or land
destroyed. We need someone
from LSAW to take the lead on
this issue. It is a very economical way of spreading the word
about our profession.
Mike Mickiewicz repor ted
that the Western Federation
of Professional Surveyors (WFPS)(“West Fed”)
convention is scheduled for
14-18 April 2006 at Rancho
Bernardo Inn, San Diego. This
is an excellent opportunity to
collect some additional CEU’s
as well as a few rounds of
golf. California is continuing to
work on their video along with
printed material and a web site
which will work cohesively with
it. They are planning on mailing the completed package to
2006 WA December
11/16/06
math department heads and
career centers within the state.
California is making the video
available to WFPS member
states, customized for each
state association at cost for
anyone wishing it.
There was considerable discussion at the last meeting relative
to a Utah request for information
on Right of Entry Legislation in
the various states. California
provided copies of the card they
produce with the applicable
legislation on it should a crew
be questioned.
Colorado noted that Metro State
College of Denver is offering
Distance Delivery of courses
for Land Surveyors.
4:01 PM
Page 1
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10 Evergreen State Surveyor Winter 2006
Featured Speakers:
• Jerry Broadus
• David Doyle
• Wendy Lathrop
• Steve Parrish
Rate: $169 (includes resort fee)
Cut Off Date: February 14th
Reservations: 800-542-6096
Parking: Complimentary
Transportation:
Transportation to and from San Diego Airport
provided by Rancho Bernardo Inn.
For shuttle reservations, call 800-542-6096
Registration Information Available in January
Visit www.californiasurveyors.org
for updated information
Winter 2006 Evergreen State Surveyor 11
And The Winner Is…
By Janet Blaisdell, VP LSAW Auxiliary
The 2007 LSAW conference
is almost here. Which means
the LSAW Auxiliary will be
announcing the winners of
several scholarships to Land
Surveying students attending
programs in Washington. In
past years, the Auxiliary has
been able to provide scholarships to many students because of your generosity and
participation in our scholarship
fundraisers.
“Either way,
for the cost
of a cup of
coffee, you
are a winner.”
This year, the Auxiliary will be
hosting a raffle to win a beautiful wood carving of an old time
surveyor. This original carving
by Elmar Schultes, a local artist, depicts an early pioneer
surveyor looking through a
transit set up on a tripod. He is
carrying a field book and taking notes with his pencil. The
detail of this carving is simply
amazing. You will be proud to
display this magnificent piece of
artwork in your home or office.
Tickets are only $2 each. All
proceeds from the raffle sales
go towards scholarships for
future surveyors attending a
Land Surveying program in
Washington. Tickets will be on
sale from the Auxiliary during
the conference. The more tickets you buy, the more chances
you have of winning. And of
course, you will be helping to
ensure the future of the Land
Surveying profession. You can
also purchase your tickets early by sending an email to Janet
Blaisdell at aquagal_98373@
yahoo.com.
The winner of the raffle will
be announced at the conference in Tacoma. Imagine your
surprise when we pull your
name out of the hopper on
Friday night and you become
the new owner of an Elmar
Schultes original carving of
your profession. If you aren’t
able to attend Friday night’s
banquet dinner, we will notify
you shortly after the confer-
12 Evergreen State Surveyor Winter 2006
ence and make arrangements
to deliver the carving to you.
Remember, tickets are only $2
each. Either way, for the cost
of a cup of coffee, you are a
winner. You are lending a helping hand to many future Land
Surveyors, and you have an
excellent chance of becoming
the new owner of a wonderful
piece of artwork by a local
artist. So please, stock up on
those tickets.
LSAW AUXILIARY
ACTIVITIES
The Auxiliary is hosting some
fun activities during the 2007
LSAW conference in Tacoma,
On Thursday March 1, the
Auxiliary will meet for lunch at
The Harmon restaurant in the
heart of downtown Tacoma.
Following lunch, Kitchen Basics 101 will be presented by
Roger Knapp at the LSAW
Auxiliary Hospitality Center.
After our general meeting
and silent auction on Friday,
March 2, we will head over to
the Museum of Glass where
we will have lunch in the Hot
Shop and learn about creating
art from molten glass. Next,
we’ll take the Tacoma Link to
Freighthouse Square to do a
bit of shopping. Freighthouse
Square is an historic wooden
railroad building in the heart
of the Dome retail district with
over 60 unique stores and eateries. There are no scheduled
activities for Saturday, but the
Auxiliary Hospitality Center
will be open.
Please join us for some fun,
as everyone is invited to participate in any and all of the
Auxiliary activities. Just follow
the signs pointing to the LSAW
Auxiliary Hospitality Center
and come on in. We’re looking
forward to meeting you!
THANKS TO DAVE BERG
The LSAW Auxiliary would
like to extend their deepest
appreciation to Dave Berg for
the 10 years as editor of the
Evergreen State Surveyor and
assisting the Auxiliary in publishing their articles. Thanks
Dave, you have done a great
job! We wish you good luck
with your future endeavors.
If you would like more information about the LSAW Auxiliary,
please contact Janet Blaisdell
at 253 474-4380 or send an
email message to aquagal_
[email protected].
Auxiliary Board Members
2006
President, Cary Baker
Vice President, Janet Blaisdell
Secretary, Donna Garland Treasurer, Ronda Coan Scholarships, Vicky Thalacker
PLEASE PAY
YOUR DUES
and
JOIN N.S.P.S.
Summer Went to Sleep Today…
by Ron Provinsal
Following a long dry and comfortable summer, autumn has
taken place per the calendar,
and rain finally closed the door
to those comforts of the out of
doors and placed a dampening on a dream.
“The icy fingers
of cold would
find any
opening”
Not that I really had time
to enjoy summers entirety.
Working busy hours indoors
during the best of every day,
I painfully missed friends and
family and freedom. Nor do I
not enjoy the fall, Loon Lake
was smooth and colorful today,
trees golden, amber and red
doubles reflected on the shore
line… but summer is just my
favorite. That is when the air is
plentiful and sweet, and freely
caresses the exposed body.
You breathe deep, you don’t
have to deal with all the invectiveness of clothing to get to
the outdoor air, and to just be
alive and peacefully happy.
It seeems that the hours I
was indoors were those warm
wonderful hours when heat
would have let me soak ups
its energy in quiet moments
of glory, when another would
be complaining, and I would
simply let my self be a solar
collector, just recognizing the
rays, even if they make me
sleepy, or break a sweat, or
get a little tender from all the
attention of Ol’ Sol.
graphic Field Assistant.” That
was a position I sought out
after I got overloaded by the
inadequacies of contracting
to do sheet rock.
It must have been February
or March, and the position
had me walking like a kite for
countless miles in a variety of
topographies. Mount Spokane,
Medical Lake, Coeur d’Alene,
Rosalia, Reardon- Wilbur...
among the coulees, up the
inclines, in the frigid shade of
trees seeking the interludes
of sun. Generally we worked
within 50 miles from a USGS
temporary field office in Spokane.1
The moments I plainly recall were the winds scraping
through barren wheat fields,
and other fields where the frozen waves of windrows would
later show grain to the sun.
We would drive out into the
rural expanses, or triangulate
with a Tellurometer from gusty
peak to distant windy peaks, or
place bench marks and aerial
targets to no where, and park
in uneventful locations, and
perform the process of “carrying” an elevation from one location to another, coordinating
the earth control to the photos
and maps.
It is odd remembering that one
moment so many years ago, in
the months prior to summer, it
was 1973. It was the cold wind,
a gale that opened me to the
act of sensing, the act of recognizing the elements rather
than holding some expectation
that they should suit me. It was
a bitter cold wind, actually, that
awakened me to the outdoors’
elements.
Bob Mead was an outstanding
mentor and a genuine person
of integrity, a gentleman to
work with. There were other
good surveyors who made the
maps as well. I usually paced
with a stadia rod. That was
where I found the opportunity
to discover the character of
the out of doors, and the
enlightenment that I did not
need to suffer the elements,
but they each possess their
own personality.
That year I was working for
the United States Geological
Survey. A meager position
with a big title, I was a “Topo-
It was another blustering cold
day in what had seemed eternal and endless days of staking the limitless rural roads,
past fences, through road
cuts, alongside curious cows,
and occasional farmers, and
snow, ice, and intermittent
mud puddles. The wind was
blowing, constantly, and gusting, always. All situations making it difficult to hold the survey
rod level and plumb and on
the point. With hours every
day walking the roads, no
shield but the clothes I wore,
I would shiver, and clinch my
muscles to try to counteract
and defy the cold. The cold,
like the devil, appreciating the
torment.
The icy fingers of cold would
find any opening. Closing one
would open another. Sleeves
might allow a draft of cold, and
then the neck, and always, the
belt would not hold out the
frigid air. I would brace, and
shiver, and grimace, and pout.
My nose would run, and my
hands were blocks, only able
to move like a mannequin,
rigidly. My strides between stations would be brisk and protective. Trying to be a bundle,
closed to the world, hoping to
rush the moment out of my
life, and to move on to another
place and time.
Then it happened. The moment of epiphany. That moment that translated in so
many future life situations.
While standing on a distant
and obscure asphalt ribbon,
and attempting to hold that
rod and to fight the storm, I
decided to relax and just feel
the cold. Feel the frigidity and
allow the icy elements to be
them selves, to allow the tentacles through my clothes, and
me, to just feel them. Yes, it
was like ten little wind streaks
ran through, swords, and I just
felt them cut me, without trying
to stop them. I didn’t bleed. I
just recognized the wind and
chill for what it was. It blew
(Continued on page 15)
Winter 2006 Evergreen State Surveyor 13
14 Evergreen State Surveyor Winter 2006
Summer Went to Sleep Today (continued)
over. It blew by. It blew through
and was gone.
That moment has so often
reminded me to let others be
themselves. The devil should
“Go away.” I have no need
to fear. Jesus is my Lord. A
contractor would be yelling at
me, bouncing his hard hat on
the asphalt, or jumping in a
tantrum screaming in my face,
and I could see it was his problem, not me, I just watched
the wind blow through. They
would come to their senses
and settle down to do the job.
Peers often told me they would
have walked away. I stayed
and resolved the issues. I told
the devil to “Go to Hell!” and I
meant it. I knew better than to
believe that tempting schlock.
The sun is the same as the
wind, just that I like the sensation better. It is glorious to just
bask in the heat… languor in
a sirocco, and recall that the
days are soon enough to be,
where all the clothes will be
bundled around me, and have
to be accounted for before and
after I leave the door. It is just
life in process. Feel it while it is
present, and let it go its way.
are the days, like a solar cell’s
battery, collected to recall
when the insurmountable
windy blades cut too deep and
cause me to lose my timbre
and run for the indoors.
But summer went well asleep
today. As I met with Dave at
Loon Lake to hibernate the
trailers, it rained, for the season is over. That season where
shorts and flip-flops and white
clouds drift through a bright
blue sky. Those days are finished for now, but then again,
they are the future too. Those
Ron Provinsal (rprovinsal@
Relax. Let it be. This, too, shall
pass, as life itself will pass
soon enough. Feel it while it is
here. It is a temporal sensation
at best.
att.net ) is an Associate of
the Inland Empire Chapter
originally joining LSAW in
1978. His Surveying and Civil
Engineering career began with
the USGS in Spokane in 1973.
He currently works for Womer
and Associates, Inc. an Engineering and Architectural firm
in Spokane, WA. He worked
with the Surveyors Historical
Society and the David Thompson Bicentennial at the NW
Museum of Arts and Culture
(the MAC) in Spokane.
Wood Carving Raffle Item
At 007 Licensed To Survey;
See Page 12, “The Winner Is…
Registration Is Now Open For
007. Go To www.lsaw.org.
ATTENTION!!
WYOMING SAFETY MANUAL FOR SURVEYORS
NOW AVAILABLE FROM SOUTHWEST CHAPTER!!
COMPREHENSIVE, AFFORDABLE, ADAPTABLE - $50
CD CONTAINS ENTIRE 206 PAGE MANUAL IN BOTH “WORD”
AND ADOBE “.pdf” FORMATS THAT CAN BE EDITED AND
ADAPTED FOR YOUR PARTICULAR USE!
Contact Secretary/Treasurer Olian T. Shockley – [email protected]
Or send check or money order for $52.00 (includes Postage)
made payable to Southwest Chapter PLSW
1010 South Dakota St., Green River, WY 82935
Winter 2006 Evergreen State Surveyor 15
A Brief History of Surveying
­ esearched, Complied, and Written by: Walter M. Cunningham, P.L.S., B.S., Surveying Faculty Member St. Lake ComR
munity College Division of Engineering, Computer Science 8a Related Technologies Instructor’s Introduction
Dear Fellow Surveyors,
“The oldest
historical records
that evidence
the existence
of surveying
came forth
around 1400
BC in Egypt.”
Following is a compilation of
notes that I’ve gleaned and
recorded from many sources,
and woven together in my own
writing into a narrative or lecture format while serving along
the many good and dedicated
surveying faculty members
at Salt Lake Community College. I’ve used these notes as
part of Unit Two of the course
“Introduction to SurveyingSVT1010” as offered every
Fall Semester at the college.
If you feel a greater sense of
personal responsibility, and of
professional identity and pride,
after reading what little bit that
I’ve managed to piece together
over the past ten years, then
I’ve achieved my purpose.
The Ancient Times
Since the dawn of time, and
for as long as humanity has
felt the need for personal and
family boundaries, property
ownership, national sovereignty and defense, exploration,
discovery, etc., there has always been a need for surveying and for surveyors. Every
time people have migrated
upon the surface of the Earth
and over the Earth’s oceans,
there has been a need for
surveyors to navigate and
give direction, to create maps
and records of discoveries,
to delineate boundaries upon
old and new lands, to assist
in land management and assessment, and, in a very real
sense, to protect and defend
the public health, safety, and
welfare. Surveying is one of
the oldest “core-professions”
in the world, and the influence
of the surveyor is present in
everything that humanity has
ever planned, built, or mapped.
Surveyors have been present
from the beginning of recorded
history, are now present, and
will always be present for as
16 Evergreen State Surveyor Winter 2006
long as humanity continues
to exist!
Archaeological evidences of
fundamental surveying practices (direction, distance, area,
location, mapping, etc.) are
conclusive regarding consistent prehistoric migrations of
humankind (Africans, Asians,
Caucasians, Australian Aborigines, Polynesians, Amerindians, etc.). Humans are
naturally curious and love to
“explore, discover, assess,
maintain, govern, defend,
conquer, etc.” new lands and
resources. Surveying, in one
of its many forms and applications, was always present.
Some of the first Polynesian
maps were created from sea
shells and branches showing
the relative relationships of
the islands and island groups
discovered throughout the
Pacific Ocean. Many other
early maps were inscribed on
clay and metal, carved into
stone, or recorded on many
other different kinds of mediums including wood, paper,
leather, etc.
Most early maps were aligned
with the top of the map to
the East as a direct result of
human observations of the
Earth’s relationship to the
movement of the Sun across
ancient skies: the Sun rises
in the “East” and sets in the
West. Another term for “East”
is “Orient”, hence giving rise
to the concept and practice of
“Orienteering”.
With the passage of time, and
with the steady increase in
geographic and astronomical
knowledge, most ancient civilizations started to “orient” or
align their maps with the top
of the map to the North as the
knowledge and understanding
of the concept of separate
“Pole of the Earth” became
more and more widespread.
Map making experienced a
major surge forward beginning
with the Middle Ages and continuing to the present. Modern
cartographers, or mapmakers,
use traditional surveying field
techniques. Global Positioning
technology, satellite imagery,
photogrammetry computer
aided drafting and mapping,
etc., to revise existing maps,
to create new maps, and to
design and promulgate the
use of Geographic Information
Systems or Land Information
Systems. In its most basic and
historical sense, mapping is
a direct and tangible product
of the various applications
of surveying principles and
techniques.
Early navigators and mapmakers relied heavily on the
stars through astronomical
observations, and on visible
landmarks, physical geography, water currents and wave
patterns, tidal action, prevailing winds and wind directions,
“dead reckoning”, body parts,
word-of-mouth, legend, etc.,
as they explored and chartered
the surface of the Earth. Dead
reckoning may be defined as
the determination of direction,
distance, and location by gut
instinct combined with common sense, courage, legend,
and a lot of luck while using
relatively crude measuring
and observation techniques
and instruments.
Most ancient civilizations
trusted heavily in their own
astronomical observations
of the stars, the Sun and the
Moon, the visible planets, and
other heavenly phenomena to
delineate the years, seasons,
months, days, hours, and minutes. For example, the amazingly accurate Aztec/Mayan
calendar still stands as a wit(Continued on page 17)
A Brief History of Surveying (continued)
ness to the deep knowledge
these ancient peopled had of
the movements of the stars,
etc. Also, ancient Celtic Druids
(spiritual and mystic leaders) first created Stonehenge
around ?600 BC in what is
now England: Stonehenge has
been recognized by modern
scientists as another ancient
and accurate “astronomical
calendar” system.
It is important to note and to
realize that the most accurate
points located and established on the Earth’s surface
in modern times by surveyors
and other scientists and mathematicians are still based on
extremely precise astronomical observations made over a
long period of years or centuries. The Global Positioning
System (GPS) of ranging and
locating by satellite measurements and observations is a
wonderful modern tool in this
respect, but must take the
backseat to astronomical observations as far as extremely
accurate, precise, and reliable
measurements are concerned.
After several millennia, humanity still relies heavily and
ultimately upon the stars for
navigation, location, mapping,
and other related surveying
purposes.
Surveyors, mathematicians,
and scientists owe the invention and development of
“abstract” numbers to the
Sumerians who lived in the
first cities in an area known
as Mesopotamia (which is
the present-day region of Iraq
and Iran) about five or six
thousand years ago. The term
“abstract” refers to the counting of different things with the
same numbers, i.e., numbers
and things counted are separated, or abstracted. Once abstract numbers were invented
they were used more widely
in trade and in calculations
needed for everyday life.
For several centuries in the
country of Sumer, the most
common large number used in
everyday life was the number
60. The numbers 10 and 60
were special in Sumer because they were bases used
to create higher numbers.
The Sumerians gave great
importance to the number
60 because it has a unique
advantage by being able to
be equally divided in many
ways by the numbers 1, 2,
3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30,
and 60. This is why we use a
sexigesimal (base 60) system
with hours of 60 minutes and
with minutes of 60 seconds,
and why we use 360 degree
of arc in a full circle.
The remarkable Sumerian
number system was also
used by the Babylonians for
many centuries, and was
adapted and improved by the
Phoenicians. The Phoenicians
created the concept of zero
(no value) which did not exist
in the Sumerian system. The
Phoenicians, who invented
the alphabet around 1500 BC,
innovated by using the letters
of their alphabet as numerals and used only a base 10
system. The creative, deepthinking Greeks accepted the
Phoenician system for their
own needs around 500 BC.
The practically minded Romans modeled their number
system on the concepts of
the Greek system around 200
BC. The “Roman” system and
Roman numerals were still in
common use when Christopher Columbus (map-maker,
navigator, surveyor, etc.) set
sail on his voyage of discovery
in 1492.
Because Roman numerals
were generally cumbersome
and hard to use in complex calculations, Europeans switched
to another base 10 numeral
system derived from the Hindu
(India) numeral system. The
Hindu system was transferred
to Europe through separate
European - Indian contacts
(Crusades, trade, etc.) made
with the Arabs. The transition
from Roman to “Arabic” numerals took several centuries
and finally, around 1650 AD,
Arabic numerals were fully
accepted in Europe. Arabic numerals compose the number
system accepted and utilized
in the current era by surveyors,
mathematicians, scientists,
and the public at large.
The acceptance of the concepts of personal, family, community, and national boundaries, and of private and public
property ownership among
many early and most modern civilizations, underscores
the continued importance of
surveyors and surveying. To
illustrate the natural human
need for boundaries, think of
the following illustration.
Place as many people as possible into a small area so that
everyone is touching. Most
persons will attempt to somewhat tolerate the close quar-
ters for a short while. As time
passes, however, the people in
the group will start to spread
out and others will leave the
area altogether. Hence, the
driving force behind ancient
and modern migrations: humans are indeed Asocial
creatures, but we each love to
have out own space within the
social network!
The oldest historical records
that evidence the existence a
origin of surveying came forth
around 1400 BC in Egypt. It is
interesting to note that these
early Egyptian surveys were 1
boundary location and tax purposes per Herodotus’ (Grec
historical records. The early
“Nile Rope Stretchers” us basic surveying tools that are still
used by surveyors today: the
Rope (chain, tapes, etc.) and
PlumbBob. In fact, the plumbbob was so important to the
ancient Egyptians that many
of the Pharaoh’s Chief Archi(Continued on page 18)
IN MEMORIAM
James H. Crippen
James H. Crippen, PLS No. 11903, passed away
18 November 2006. Jim was a long-time project
manager for Apex in Tacoma. He licensed as an
engineer as well. He always had a smile for everyone.
Jim ran a straight line and will be missed.

Winter 2006 Evergreen State Surveyor 17
A Brief History of Surveying (continued)
tects for various construction
surveys like the Pyramids, etc.
were mummified along with
their plumb-bobs.
ing simple geometry, was able
to calculate the approximate
circumference of the Earth at
25, 000 miles.
distance they had traveled
during 1847 from Nauvoo, Illinois to the valley of the Great
Salt Lake.
800 BC - 100 AD, Some Biblical references about surveyors: Numbers 34:6-12.1
Samuel 14:14. Isaiah 5:10,
Ezekiel 40 44:13. Zechariah 2:2. Revelation 21:16-17,
Proverbs 22:28.
1st Century, Heron and his
treatise on the practical application of Geometry, the
Dioptra. The Diopter was a
surveyor’s instrument used by
the Greeks to measure horizontal and vertical angles.
Greek Mathematicians and the
development of Geometry.
Another Greek surveying instrument, the Hodometer,
was simple machine used to
measure distances. An easy
way to remember what the
Hodometer was used for is to
think of the odometer in your
car: it measures distances,
too. (Hodomet - Odometer.)
The Mormon Pioneers used
a similar device along with the
counting of the revolutions of
wagon wheels, measure the
1st Century, Frontinus, Roman Surveyor and Engineer.
The man played a pioneering
role in many of Rome’s major
boundary and construction
survey projects, and left a
treatise on surveying referred
to in an old 6’ Century Latin
manuscript known as the Codex Acerianus.
The term Geometry literally
means “Earth measuring”.
Modern term which has similar meaning is “Geomatics”.
(‘ Rose, by any other name,
is still the same.” - Shakespeare).
200 BC, A Greek mathematician named Eratosthenes, us-
Continuing Education
for Surveyors
The ingenious Romans borrowed, implemented, and
improved an ancient Egyptian
surveying instrument known
as the Groma. This instrument
was used to measure right (90
degree) angles in “rectangular
boundary surveys” to convey
land to Roman war veterans.
The Groma incorporate five
plumb-bobs into its structure.
It is important to note that the
Chorobates and Libella were
instruments used for leveling and the determination of
grades.
The Middle Ages
Peninsula College now offers continuing
education courses for surveyors
in an online format
� GIS 210-212, Land Description Systems
� GIS 220-222, Washington Boundary Law and
Legal Principles
� GIS 230-232, Fundamentals of Geodesy and State
Plane Coordinate Systems
� GIS 240-242, The Public Land Survey System
Contact:
Jon Purnell, PLS, Peninsula College
1502 East Lauridsen Blvd., Port Angeles, WA 98362
[email protected]
(360) 417-6384 • 1-877-452-9277, toll-free in WA
Visit http://www.pc.
ctc.edu/survtech
for course
descriptions
PENINSULA
COLLEGE
18 Evergreen State Surveyor Winter 2006
The Arabs helped keep Greek
and Roman science and created Algebra (AI-Gebra), and
improved on practical applications of Geometry.
The Chinese and Vikings
developed and used the magnetic compass.
Arabic and Slavic people
developed the solar compass which was also used by
the Vikings in their discoveries of Iceland, Greenland,
and Vinland (America). The
Vikings also succeeded in
“circumnavigating the globe”
by taking the Arctic Ocean
route as evidenced by recent
archaeological discoveries
made on various islands that
ring the Arctic Ocean.
The Celtic people also played
a role in preserving the Greek
and Roman science of surveying as found in Irish manuscripts. One manuscript describes the 6th Century legend
of St. Brendan wherein the
Irish Monk sailed westerly to,
and returned from a “new land”
which bears an astonishing
resemblance to the description of “Vinland” discovered
just a few centuries later by
the Vikings. The Incas of South
America built a vast empire of
their own during the Middle
Ages (11th to 14th Centuries)
that spanned over hundreds of
miles along the Andes Mountain Range with Macchu Picchu, among other structures,
still standing as powerful evidence of their surveying and
engineering prowess.
The 11th Century (1066 AD):
William the Conqueror invades
England from Normandy. After
his successful invasion, William commanded that a long,
detailed series of cadastral
(boundary) and topographic
surveys of England take place.
The results of these early
“assessment and taxation”
surveys were recorded by
the Norman surveyors in the
Doomsday Book.
During the 13th Century Von
Piso wrote the Practica Geometria, Liber Quadratorum
Etc. which are surveying textbooks.
The 14th through the 16th
Centuries gave rise to the socalled “Age of Discovery” with
countless explorers like Henry
the Navigator (Portugal) and
Christopher Columbus (sailing
for Spain) making major “new”
discoveries about the location
of major continents upon the
surface of the Earth. Please
note that Columbus was a
well-known cartographer and
navigator long before he sailed
to the Americas, and performed several surveys and
created several maps of what
(Continued on page 20)
Winter 2006 Evergreen State Surveyor 19
A Brief History of Surveying (continued)
he and others would eventually call the “new World.”
-Also during the 17th Century:
During the 17th Century Rene
Descartes, a French mathematician, created the “Cartesian Coordinator System” after
being inspired by observing
a spider traverse the ceiling
of his bedroom. Descartes’
ingenious mix of algebra and
geometry through the association of points in a plane with
ordered pairs of real numbers is hailed by many as the
birth of “Coordinate Geometry
(COGO)” which provides the
basis for the branch of mathematics known today as “analytic geometry”, and which is
currently used extensively by
mathematicians, surveyors,
scientists, engineers, and
many others.
The discovery of Alaska by
Vitus Bering (A Dane, sailing
for Russia).
In Ireland the large-scale
“Downs” rectangular survey
takes place during 1656.
France and Britain perform
extensive rectangular surveys
similar to Ireland’s. Some Notable Surveyors and Surveys
in U.S. History:
1585 - Sir Walter Raleigh and
Thomas Harriott survey parts
of Virginia. 1620 -- William
Brewster, passenger on the
Mayflower, brings a copy of
The Surveyor with him from
London, England to what
will soon become Plymouth,
Massachusetts. This survey-
ing textbook was published
during 1616. Early English
Settlers were granted 10 to
100 acre tracts, plantations,
etc., by general courts, by
Royal Grants, and by purchase. These early tracts of
land were surveyed and described by way of a relatively
cumbersome method known
as “Ametes and bounds”.
of Columbia. They later assist
Pierre L’Enfant of France in the
design and layout of the Capital City of Washington within
the boundary of the District of
Columbia. Mason-Dixon Line
is surveyed. The States of
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and
Delaware, being common to
this line, eventually fight for the
Union during the Civil War.
18th Century - Joshua Fry,
a county surveyor, mentors
young George Washington in
the art and science of surveying. George is licensed as a
surveyor by William and Mary
College in Virginia at the age
of seventeen, later uses his
surveying skills during the
French and Indian War, becomes county surveyor for
Culpepper County, Virginia,
and eventually defeats the
British during the Revolutionary War. Washington’s intense
and in-depth surveying and
mapping knowledge of the
“13 Colonies” plays a decisive
role in the patriot’s quest for
independence from England.
George becomes the first
President of the United States
of America, and is known as
the “Father of His Country”.
1785 - Thomas Hutchins,
acting under direction from
Congress and as Geographer
of the United States, surveys
the “Geographer’s Line” immediately northwest of the Ohio
River in what is now eastern
Ohio as part of an experiment
that opened the way for the
first rectangular surveys of the
public domain.
Dominguez - Escalante Expedition and the Survey of the
Great Basin: Spanish Padres
try to find an efficient travel
route from what is now Santa
Fe, New Mexico to Monterey,
California, and perform various mapping surveys during
their travels. Many of their
maps contain and represent
areas that became Utah, extending as far north as what
is now Utah County.
1768 - London, England: John
Love publishes his book GEODAESIA: of The Art of Measuring Land.
1791 - Benjamin Banneker
(a free Black), and Andrew
Ellicott perform the boundary
survey, under Congressional
mandate, of the new District
20 Evergreen State Surveyor Winter 2006
1785 - Congress approves a
plan submitted by Thomas Jefferson (an accomplished surveyor) and Benjamin Franklin
for the “Rectangular Surveys
of the Public Domain”. This
plan is known as the Land
Ordinance of 1785, and is the
basis for what is now called the
Public Land Survey System,
or PLSS.
1795 - General Rufus Putnam
is appointed as the first “Surveyor General of the United
States” and continues the
work of the PLSS.
1804 - The Lewis and Clark
Expedition of “Corps of Discovery” begins its exploratory
mapping surveys and scientific studies of lands west of
the Mississippi River under
direction of President Thomas
Jefferson and Congress. This
expedition uses dead reckoning as described above and
measure the width of the
continent to within 40 miles of
its actual width as measured
with modern surveying instruments. Lewis and Clark return
to Washington, DC as heroes.
This early 19th century expe(Continued on page 21)
A Brief History of Surveying (continued)
dition has roughly the same
relative impact on the U.S. for
its century as the Apollo Moon
Missions have on the U.S. during the 20th Century.
1833 - While serving in the
U.S. Congress, Abraham Lincoln (accomplished assistant
county surveyor and land-law
attorney) makes and legislates
refinements to the PLSS that
are still used to this day. Surveyor Lincoln, like Washington
and Jefferson before him,
goes on to become one of
the most beloved Presidents
in U.S. history.
1847 - Orson and Parley
Pratt begin the performance
and supervision of all early
Mormon colonizing surveys
throughout the Territory of
Deseret under the direction of
Brigham Young. All Townsites
are laid-out in a distinctive grid
or rectangular pattern (Plat or
Zion) given to Brigham Young
from Joseph Smith prior to
the Mormon emigration from
Illinois to Utah. The “Plat of
Zion” concept is recognized
during the 1990’s by the largest organization of American
urban planners as the first
and most innovative urban
planning design used during
the 19th century settlement
of the American West. During
October 1998 a large statue is
dedicated to the honor of “Parley Pratt the Surveyor” and is
located on the northwest corner of 2100 South and 2300
East in Salt Lake City. 1854 First Federal Surveyors come
to Utah to commence the
PLSS. They find, and refuse to
honor, existing property lines
established and accepted by
the Mormon settlers.
1857 - Federal Surveyors
flee Utah with all records of
their Utah surveys and go
to Colorado for refuge. They
eventually return to Utah after
the arrival of Johnson’s Army,
after the end of the so-called
“Mormon War”, and after a ne-
gotiated settlement is reached
between Brigham Young and
the U.S. Government which
binds the Federal Surveyors to honoring the settler’s
property lines as originally
established during 1847 and
1854. The Southeast Corner
of Temple Square in Salt Lake
City, as established in 1847
by Brigham Young and Orson
Pratt, becomes the Initial
Point for the Salt Lake Base
and Meridian. The Federal
Surveyors do not retrieve their
original Utah survey records
from Colorado until after the
Intercontinental Railroad is
completed near Promontory
Point, Utah.
1850’s through 80’s - Several
extensive U.S. Military Surveys (including photographic
surveys) take place in the
American West. Stansbury
and Fremont are two of the
military surveyors that have
islands in the Great Salt Lake
named in their honor. Lander,
Wyoming takes its’ name from
Frederick W. Lander. Another
military surveyor, John Wesley
Powell, has a major manmade lake in southern Utah
named in his honor during the
20th Century. While surveying and mapping the Green
and Colorado Rivers, Powell
wins the deep respect of the
Indians because he has but
one-arm (his right arm was
blown-off by cannon during the
Civil War), yet he continues to
climb the steep and treacherous walls of the river canyons
to perform his duties.
other’s prior surveys: Herbert
Hoover and the Hoover Dam.
Interestingly enough, the first
person to die on the Hoover
Dam project was a surveyor,
and this surveyor’s son was
the last person to die on the
same project several years
later ... as a surveyor!
Of the four U.S. Presidents
found sculpted into the Mount
Rushmore National Memorial located in the Black Hills
southwest of Rapid City, South
Dakota, three are accomplished surveyors: Washington, Jefferson, and Lincoln.
(Roosevelt was not a surveyor,
but employed surveyors frequently during his lifetime.)
The designer, ar tist, and
sculptor of the Mount Rushmore National Memorial was
Gutzon Borglum, born during
1867 in Idaho as the son of
Danish immigrants who had
embraced the Mormon faith.
He used an ancient surveying
technique developed by the
Egyptians and others to transfer the proportions of his scale
models of the faces of the four
U.S. Presidents to the granite
face of Mount Rushmore by
“pointing.” Pointing incorporates a horizontal measuring
rod, and a weighted measuring tape ... weighted by a
plumb-bob, still one of the oldest, most versatile surveying
tools know to humankind!
These brief Instructor’s Notes
on the History of Surveying
have come full circle. There
are thousands upon thousands of pages dedicated to
the history of surveyors and
surveying. You hopefully now
know more about WHERE
surveyors came from, about
WHO surveyors are today, and
WHY surveyors will continue
to play an important part in
human progress.
In closing, please contemplate
this quote given by Gutzon
Borglum at Mount Rushmore
on July 4th, 1930:
“Let us place there, carved
high, as close to heaven as
we can ... their faces, to show
posterity what manner of men
they were. Then breathe a
prayer that these records will
endure Until the wind and the
rain alone shall wear them
away. “
As seen in Backsights and
Foresights, August 2006
Other Interesting Historical
Notes
The Highest Peak in the World
is named after one of the
greatest 19th century British
Surveyors of the Indian Subcontinent George Everest.
One U.S. President was a Civil
Engineer and a Surveyor, and
created his own lasting monument based on Powell’s and
“The one function that TV news performs
very well is that when there is no news
we give it to you with the same emphasis
as if there were.”
- David Brinkley
Winter 2006 Evergreen State Surveyor 21
22 Evergreen State Surveyor Winter 2006
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1325 SE Tech Center Drive, Ste. 140
Vancouver, WA 98683
(360) 695-3411
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3321 W. Kennewick Avenue, Ste. 220
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8/14/06 10:43:00 AM
Winter 2006 Evergreen State Surveyor 23
2007 Career Advancement Program (CAP)
PRESENTED BY THE NORTH PUGET SOUND CHAPTER OF THE LAND SURVEYORS’ ASSOCIATION OF WASHINGTON
PURPOSE:
To provide opportunities for survey personnel to learn fundamental and
historical surveying principles and procedures, together with foundational
mathematical concepts.
TIME:6:00 PM to 9:00 PM - 12 sessions starting January 4, 2007 - ending March
29, 2007
LOCATION:
Lake Washington High School, 12033 NE 80th, room number to be announced
COST:$200 for members, $275 for non-members
REGISTRATION: Pre-registration only. Mail form along with a check made out to “NPS-LSAW”
to Sydney McKeag c/o Mead Gilman & Assoc., PO Box 289, Woodinville,
WA 98072-0289 or fax to (425)313-9379 with credit card info. STUDY BOOKS:
Washington Department of Transportation Engineering Field Tables 1984
and Municipal Report 14 will be included in the course fee.
Registration form is available at www.lsaw.org. NOTE: Instructors may be
substituted.
WEBSITE:
DATE (all Thursdays)
CLASS TOPIC INSTRUCTOR
Jan 4
Basic Math I
Vic Banks
Jan 11
Basic Math II
Vic Banks
Jan 18
Construction Staking
Tracy Timm
Jan 25
Survey Field Notes
Vic Banks
Feb 1
Introduction to GLO Surveys
Buck Harrison
Feb 8
State Plane Coordinates
Lynn Call
Feb 15
Positional Tolerance
Mark Harrison
Feb 22
Settlement Monitoring
Ben Petersen
Mar 1
No Class Due To School Closure & LSAW Conference
Mar 8
Municipal Report 14
Jim Brown
Mar 15
Riparian Boundaries
Doug Hartman
Mar 22
Boundary Calculations
Martin Paquette
Mar 29
Legal Descriptions
Leroy Middleton
If you have any questions, contact Vic Banks at [email protected]
“For a list of all the ways
technology has failed to
improve the quality of life,
please press three.”
- Alice Kahn 24 Evergreen State Surveyor Winter 2006
South Puget Sound Chapter Refresher Course
Where: Saint Martin’s University: 5300 Pacific Ave. SE, Lacey, WA 98503 •Room 306, Old Main Hall
Time: 6:30-9:30 PM Thursday evenings beginning January 4, 2007.
Class size is limited to 40 people.
Cost: $15.00 per session, Pre-registration only.
Make checks payable to: South Puget Sound Chapter LSAW
Send registration to: Bill O’Neil
23521 96th Street East, Buckley, WA 98321
Home: 253.863.9047 / Work: 253.686.6130
Fax: 253.798.3271 • [email protected]
CEUs
CEUs will be provided for classes attended
Circle the class number for the classes you wish to attend.
1. *January 4
Restoration of Lost Corners
Frank Fischer, PLS
* For GLO sessions, we recommend that attendees sign up for both sessions “Restoration of Lost Corners” and “Section Subdivision”
2. *January 11
Section Subdivision
Frank Fischer, PLS
3. January 18
GIS/LIS
Karen Zollman
4. January 25
Legal Topics
Robert Raymond, PLS, ESQ
5. February 1
Legal Descriptions
Dennis Gelvin, PLS
6. February 8 Surveying in Plats
Pat Beehler, PLS
7. February 15
Legal Principles
John Lauritzen, PLS
8. February 22
WA State Plane Coordinates
Larry Signani, PLS
March 1
No Class – attend LSAW Conference, visit www.lsaw.org for details
February 28, March 1-3, 2007 LSAW CONFERENCE Tacoma, WA
9. March 8 Error Analysis
Jim Coan, PLS
10. March 15
Photogrammetry
Gerrie DeGross, PLS
11. March 22
Aquatic Boundaries
Steve Ivey, PLS
Schedule changes may occur
North Puget Sound Chapter Refresher Course
Where: Lake Washington High School, 12033 NE 80th.
Time: Thursday evenings from 6:00p.m. to 9:00p.m.
Cost: $150 or $15 per session: $300 or $30 per session for non-members.
Pre-registration is required. Make checks payable to: LSAW and mail to 12814 NE 180th St, #A, Bothell,
WA 98011
For questions, contact Seth OíHare at [email protected], or 425 483 5355.
Preliminary Class Schedule
Date
Jan 4
Jan 11
Jan 18
Jan 25
Feb 1
Feb 8
Feb 15
Feb 22
Mar 1
Mar 8
Mar 15
Mar 22
Mar 29
Topic
Intro And How To Study & Geometric Problems
Error Analysis & Positional Tolerance
Survey Related Law
Legal Descriptions
Survey Research Principles, Practices & Procedures
Platting & Road Vacations
G.L.O., Public Land System, Part I
G.L.O., Public Land System, Part II
No Class Due To School Closure & LSAW Convention
State Plane Coordinates
Aquatic Lands And Riparian Rights
Ethics, Rules Of Professional Conduct GIS
Aerial Photogrammetry/Exam Review And
How To Take Exam
Instructor(s)
Mark Harrison & Bill Glassey
Jim Coan
Bob MacOnie
Seth O’Hare
Leroy Middleton & Bob Burton
Ray Florent & Jim Bergsma
Jim Coan
Jim Coan
Attend LSAW Conference
Martin Paquette
Leroy Middleton
Randy Sleight & Karen Zollman
Gerry DeGross & Bill Glassey
Continuing Education Units are provided for classes attended.
Winter 2006 Evergreen State Surveyor 25
American Congress On Surveying And Mapping
Government Affairs Update
OCTOBER 2006
1. Lobby Day 2006 was a
SUCCESS! --- Lobby Day
2006 was held on September 28, right before
ACSMís Fall Meeting, and
it was a huge success.
We had over 20 participants and went to over 60
meetings on Capitol Hill in
one day! We discussed a
number of issues with staff
in the House and Senate
and even had a few meetings with actual Members
of Congress. It was agreed
that future Lobby Days will
be held right before the fall
meetings so that we can
maximize ACSM member
participation. Hope you
can join us next year!
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of Aero-Metric, Inc., one of the largest and most capable
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Digital image scanning & manipulation
Satellite Imagery
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Web: www.aerometric.com Ɣ Email: [email protected]
26 Evergreen State Surveyor Winter 2006
2. H. Res. 518 Natíl Surveyorís Week Resolution
Update --- On of the issues we discussed with
Members of Congress and
staff during Lobby Day
was support for H. Res.
518, the National Surveyorís Week Resolution. As
noted in earlier updates,
H. Res. 518 passed the
House Government Reform Committee by unanimous consent. However,
it needs 50 co-sponsors
before it can be brought
to the House floor for full
debate. When Lobby Day
started, we had 21 cosponsors. When Lobby
Day ended, we had 33
co-sponsors, 17 shor t
of the needed 50. We
learned that Congress will
be back is session after
the election in November
and through most of December, so there is still
time to get the 17 needed
co-sponsors so that the
resolution can be brought
up for consideration in November. Everyone is urged
to contact their representative and ask them to
co-sponsor H. Res. 518.
A list of the current co-sponsors can be found at:
http://thomas.loc.gov/
cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d109:
HE00518:@@@P
3. FEMA Flood Map Modernization Update --- Laurence Socci, along with
members of the FEMA
Flood Map Modernization Coalition met recently with FEMA staff to
discuss progress of the
FEMA Map Modernization Project. We were told
that FEMA is making a
mid-course adjustment
based upon unexpected
problems and concerns
raised stakeholders. One
of the changes FEMA is
making is that it no longer
promises to map 100% of
the country. It now plans to
map only the areas of the
country with the greatest
risk. According to its new
ìadjusted courseî FEMA
will now map 65% of the
land area of the U.S., 30%
of stream and coastal
miles will be mapped with
new, updated, or validated
engineering analysis, and
40% of the population will
be covered by maps with
new, updated or validated engineering analysis.
FEMA is focusing resources on areas with highest
risk and admits that areas
with less flood risk may not
receive maps at all.
FEMA also started a new initiative called ìeLOMAî which
provides licensed land surveyors and professional engineers
with a web based system to
submit and print simple LOMA
requests. FEMA claims the
new initiative will significantly
reduce the amount of time
it takes for the requestor to
receive a determination from
FEMA and it will include audit
procedures and automatic
checks to ensure accuracy.
Information on the eLOMA
initiative can be found on the
FEMA website.
The new Multi-Year Flood
Hazard Identification Plan
(MHIP version 2.0) was recently released and contains
a 60 day comment period. It
can be found at:
http://www.fema.gov/plan/prevent/fhm/mh_main.shtm
Please take a moment to look
it over.
(Continued on page 27)
American Congress On Surveying (continued)
4. Meeting with new USGS
Director, Mark Myers -- Laurence Socci had
the opportunity to meet
recently with Mark Myers,
the new USGS Director. In this ìget to knowî
meeting, we discussed
several issues including
the rumored destruction of
old paper maps currently
in the possession of the
USGS. Director Myers
said that he would like to
hear more on the issue
and other issues we may
have with the USGS.
According to his biography,
USGS Director Mark Myers
is an internationally recognized geologist and former
State Geologist and head of
Alaska’s Geological Survey.
He is an expert on North Slope
sedimentary and petroleum
geology, and served as survey chief for field programs in
the MacKenzie Delta (ARCO,
1985), Cook Inlet (State of
Alaska/U.S. Geological Survey, 1997), and North Slope
(ARCO, 1999). He also served
as sedimentologist for 13 other
North Slope field programs.
in the Senate, Senator George
Allen of Virginia lost his reelection bid. Senator Allen was
a co-sponsor of the Senate
Resolution honoring National
Surveyorsí Week.
He is a past president and
board member of the Alaska
Geological Society; a certified professional geologist
with the American Institute
of Professional Geologists; a
certified petroleum geologist
with the American Association
of Petroleum Geologists; and
a licensed geologist with the
State of Alaska.
For a list of expected House
and Senate Committee Chairs,
go to www.acsm.net.
The Changing Face of Congress. As a result of the November 7 election, Congress
will have a new look. The 110th
Congress will be controlled by
Democrats in the House of
Representatives and the Senate. Many of our friends in
Congress won their elections,
however, a good friend of ours
After almost two years of hard
work we are coming down to
the wire for getting our National
Surveyorís Week bill through
the House of Representatives
this year. Congress will be
working in December and will
take up H.Res. 518, the National Surveyorís Week Resolution
if we can get a total of 50 cosponsors on the bill. We were
recently told by Rep. Adam
Putnamís office (the sponsor
of the resolution) that we have
38 co-sponsors. We need
everybodyís help for the final
push. Please call or fax your
Representative and ask them to
co-sponsor H.Res. 518.
Dying penniless
has always
struck me as
being good timing.
Winter 2006 Evergreen State Surveyor 27
Now the choice is clear.
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28 Evergreen State Surveyor Winter 2006
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Winter 2006 Evergreen State Surveyor 29
Land Surveyors’ Association of Washington
424 205th N.E.
Sammamish, WA 98074-6942
Phone: 425/868-0200
presorted std.
US Postage
Paid
DATABAR
change SERVICE Requested
October
1-2 7
LSAW SCHEDULE
ACSM-NSPS Meeting
AELC Golf Tournament
November
3
4
11 December
HAPPY HOLIDAYS
Fall Seminar
BOT meeting
Articles due to ESS editor
2006
January
4
NPS and SPS Refresher begins
March
February
28
2007
LSAW Annual Meeting —
Tacoma
1-3
LSAW Annual Meeting—
Tacoma
3
BOT Meeting—Tacoma
10
Articles and ads due to ESS
10-12 ACSM-NSPS Meeting