Disaster Prevention

脆 弱 市 街 地 研 究
i n f o r m a l i t y
横浜国立大学先端高等科学院
北
山
恒
K
O
H
K
I
T
A
Y
A
M
A
We are not alone as individuals
Lonely individuals in a crowd
Our world
C o - h o u s i n g
コミュニティの崩壊が
現代都市のリスクである
Commons
for
Neighborhoods
TOKYO
Legend
Municipality Boundary Line
Development Areas (approx. 7,000ha)
整備地域
Urban Development Plan for Disaster-resistance
the Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Before Development
Urban Planning Roads Line
都市計画道路計画線（未整備）
Close-set Wooden Housing Areas
木造密集市街地
“10 year Project to Advance Fire Resistance in Close-set Wooden Housing Areas”
the Tokyo Metropolitan Government
木密地域不燃化10年プロジェクト
凡例
Disaster Prevention Central Framework
(Chart of Urban Planning Roads)
骨格防災軸（都市計画道路等）
Principle Firebreak Belts
主要延焼遮断帯
General Firebreak Belts
一般延焼遮断帯
Disaster Prevention Central Framework
(Rivers)
骨格防災軸（河川）
Priority Development Areas
主要整備地域
Development Areas
整備地域
Rivers and Sea
河川・海
Administrative Boundary Line
行政区域境界線
JR Line
整備地域 / 主要整備地域 / 延焼遮断帯
the Tokyo Metropolitan Government
At the time of designation of Special Development Zones to Advance Fire Resistance (Fireproof Zones)
and Urban Planning Roads to be the Firebreak Belts
不燃化特区・特定整備路線指定時
Fireproof Zone
不燃化特区
Firebreak Belts
特定整備路線
Designating the
Core Work Area
コア事業実施区域
“10 year Project to Advance Fire Resistance in Close-set Wooden Housing Areas”
the Tokyo Metropolitan Government
木密地域不燃化10年プロジェクト
After Development
Make Roadside Buildings
Fire-resistant and Quake-resistant
Early Development of the Urban Planning Roads
都市計画道路の早期整備
沿道建物の不燃化・耐震化
Make Buildings Fire-resistant and
Development of Service Roads for Daily Life ,Parks…
不燃化建替え、生活道路・公園等の整備
Cooperative Rebuilding
by the Core Works with the Ward …
コア事業による共同化等
“10 year Project to Advance Fire Resistance in Close-set Wooden Housing Areas”
the Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Areas Densely Crowded with Wooden Buildings
“TARGETED REMOVAL OF FIRE SPREADING WOODEN BUILDINGS”
Kazuhisa Oriyama
Fire-spreading Distance
延焼限界距離圏設定
“TARGETED REMOVAL OF FIRE SPREADING WOODEN BUILDINGS”
Kazuhisa Oriyama
Fire-spreading Network
延焼過程ネットワーク
“TARGETED REMOVAL OF FIRE SPREADING WOODEN BUILDINGS”
Kazuhisa Oriyama
Fire-spreading Network & the 50 Highest Risk Regions
延焼過程ネットワークと棟数上位50地域の位置
“TARGETED REMOVAL OF FIRE SPREADING WOODEN BUILDINGS”
Kazuhisa Oriyama
Legend
Municipality Boundary Line
Development Areas (approx. 7,000ha)
Urban Development Plan for Disaster-resistance
the Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Fire-spreading Network
延焼過程ネットワーク
“TARGETED REMOVAL OF FIRE SPREADING WOODEN BUILDINGS”
Kazuhisa Oriyama
Targeted Flammable Wooden Buildings
不燃化対象建物
Fire-spreading Network after Removal of
Flammable Buildings
不燃化後の延焼過程ネットワーク
Effect of Targeted Removal of Fire Spreading Wooden Buildings
選択的不燃化の効果
“TARGETED REMOVAL OF FIRE SPREADING WOODEN BUILDINGS”
Kazuhisa Oriyama
TOKYO URBAN RING
-MACHIYA PROJECT-
Y-GSA
HOUSING CORE
１. disaster prevention
2. common use
3. barrier-free
shared vegetable garden
common lift
shared/common bath
community kitchen
storage unit for disaster
prevention equipment
energy farm *
water tank for fire prevention
*energy farm : combining home use electricity and hot water (using the heat produced by the electricity to create hot water)
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
TOKYO URBAN RING
-MACHIYA PROJECT-
Y-GSA
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
TOKYO URBAN RING
-MACHIYA PROJECT-
Y-GSA
TOKYO URBAN RING
-MACHIYA PROJECT-
Y-GSA
“Town to Live in a Gap”
隙間へ暮らすまち
市古彗(Y-GSA)
“Town to Live in a Gap”
隙間へ暮らすまち
市古彗(Y-GSA)
“Town to Live in a Gap”
隙間へ暮らすまち
市古彗(Y-GSA)
One- and two-story houses, built on small lots, are crowded together.
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
Properties in areas crowded with wooden houses are too small to accommodate elevators;
as a result, houses are only one or two stories in height.
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
A housing core equipped with an elevator and stairs and fire-prevention systems is installed
in such a substandard area.
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
A housing core equipped with an elevator and stairs and fire-prevention systems is installed
in such a substandard area.
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
Landowners with properties adjacent to a housing core collaborate in rebuilding housing.
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
Landowners with properties adjacent to a housing core collaborate in rebuilding housing.
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
Open (i.e. unbuilt) lots come into being and contribute to the improvement of the area.
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
Should a fire break out,
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
A small fire-fighting system
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
A small fire-fighting system
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
Enables one to put it out oneself.
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
This “housing core” guides the streets with detached houses to change .
ROJIKAKU PROJECT
architecture WORKSHOP
It is in touch with the life going on in the surrounding buildings
and creates architectural space that initiates human relationships.
Yutenji Apartments
architecture WORKSHOP
Yutenji Apartments
architecture WORKSHOP
Yutenji Apartments
architecture WORKSHOP
Yutenji Apartments
architecture WORKSHOP
The small courtyard links to the narrow gap space between small houses.
Yutenji Apartments
architecture WORKSHOP
Yutenji Apartments
architecture WORKSHOP
Yutenji Apartments
architecture WORKSHOP
Yutenji Apartments
architecture WORKSHOP