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ENGINEERING a Sustainable ̍ຽ ޙనϏֽ HONG KONG ࢶപ̍रጯົ۞݈֗ࠎĶࢶ പ̍ົםķĄٺົם2:58ѐ јϲĂ֭ٺ2:86ѐᒔ߆఼ع࿅ Ķࢶപ̍रጯົ୧ּķĂϒ ёኬ̟ጯົؠڱгҜĂјࠎࢶ പ˘۞ؠڱຽ̍रဥ វĄனॡጯົົࣶˠᇴ྿˟༱ кЩĂ༊̚ࡗѣ˘༱Щࠎؠڱ ົࣶĄ ጯົయᑢؠຽ̍रቚ ̈́ྤ።ᆶ८۞ᇾĂனВѣ29 ࣎ຽࠧҾĄጯົϺ᎕ໂଯᇃ ຽፆчĂ၆ົࣶѣᚑॾ۞ࢋ ՐĄүࠎ˘࣎ጯఙᖐĂጯົ ˧םӄົࣶ˞ྋ̍ࠧ۞ າ൴णĂ֭ခᐽົࣶᜈซ࣒ ͽᆧซຽۢᙊĂѩᙷ߿જк Ϥ27̶࣎ొᚯᏱĄ ጯົШֽ᎕ໂણᄃ̈́ᙯົۤڦ ְચĂੵ೩ЩົࣶЇЧ߆ع ొ̈́ܝඈିֈ፟ၹᏙྙ؎ࣶ ົ؎ࣶγĂϺಶ߆عѣᙯ̍ ຽ۞Ꮩྙ͛І೩ֻຽຍ ֍ĄѩγĂጯົ̙ॡᒔᔛय ϲົڱѣᙯ̍ڱ९۞؎ࣶົ ົᛉ֭൴ܑຍ֍ĄϲົڱΑਕ ࠧҾᛉय̚Ϻన̍ࠧᛉࣶ ˘यĂͽܮຽࠧШ߆ߍͅع ຍ֍Ą 1947 saw the foundation of the Engineering Society of Hong Kong. The Society flourished and as a result the Hong Kong Institution of Engineers (the HKIE), was incorporated by Government under Ordinance in 1975. The HKIE is now the only professional engineering body in Hong Kong with membership over 20,000 of which nearly 10,000 are in the grade of Corporate Membership. ጯົᄃ͵ࠧЧг̍ဥវܲ ღᓑᘭĂАޢᄃ̰г̈́ঔγ ̍ဥវᘪཌ˞ຽྤॾ̢ᄮ םᛉĂ֭ᄃ̙Т̍ຽဥវ ᘪѣЪүםᛉĂТॡϺߏк࣎ ઼ᅫ̍ᓑ༖۞јࣶĄ The Institution sets standards for the training and admission of engineers under 18 Disciplines. It is committed to promote ethics for professional engineers and has strict rules governing its members' conduct. As a learned society, the Institution enables members to keep abreast of the latest developments in engineering and to engage in continuing professional development, and these activities are mainly organised by 16 Divisions. The Institution has been devoted to community and social services. The HKIE nominates members to serve on various external boards and committees of Government Departments and higher education institutions. It also provides constructive comments and professional views on Government's consultation papers. The profession also has one seat representing the Engineering Functional Constituency in the Legislative Council through which views of the profession can be expressed to the Government. The HKIE has established close relationship with engineering institutions throughout the world. It has signed agreements for co-operation and agreements for the mutual recognition of qualifications with the Mainland and overseas engineering institutions. It is also members of some international engineering federations. ݈֏ Foreword Ξᜈّ۞ኝᗟдБ͟ৈצᙯڦĄ̂छߊ߿дТ˘͇۩˭Ăࠎҋ֗̈́̄ग۞ࡅ ຐĂܮѣయЇ੨Ъۤົ۞൴णΝຑଓᒖဩĄ ࿅Νᇴ˩ѐĂࢶപ̍ࠧ˧ವՐ൴णᄃᒖܲ۞πᏊĂ֭פˠ۞јڍĄࢶപ̍रጯົ д3117ѐ4͡5͡ഇมĂٺЧ̂થಞᓝҖ˞˘ాҚ۞णᜓĂͽШξϔणϯ͞ࢬ۞јಶĄ ࠎซ˘ՎଯᇃΞᜈّ۞நهĂጯົӱ֏ҖĂГϡणᜓ۞Մफ़˞ۍώ̈Ί̄Ą༊֭ ܧᖎಏ۞ગ෭ࡂ׀Ăߏԧࣇ̙͌˞܅ॡม͕̈́ҕበᏭ҃јĄΩγĂԧࣇϺሄ֍ώ̈Ί̄ זЧࠧ፟ၹ۞က˧͚ĂᙒӄОᄦĂԧдѩШࣇͽϤਾ۞ᔁຍĄޢĂώˠԓ୕̂छౌ ಈᝌዦώѣ̈́ಱѣຍཌྷ۞ΏۏĄ เ઼ᖃ̍र ࢶപ̍रጯົົܜ The notion of sustainability arouses growing concern in the whole world. The fact is that we live under the same sky and breathe the same air. We all have the responsibility to cherish and conserve our environment while continuing our social development, for the benefits of us as well as our future generations. In recent decades, the Hong Kong engineering profession has strived to attain a balance between development and environmental protection. Their success has been remarkable, which was depicted in a series of the HKIE Road Shows staged at some major shopping centres in March and April 2006. To show our dedication to sustainability, we have made use of the materials presented in the HKIE Road Shows to publish this booklet, with a view to further disseminating the message to the community. It is not a simple cut-and-paste exercise. Hours of editing and production works have been spent on it. Moreover, we are pleased to have received very positive responses from our sponsors and their enthusiasm towards the publication of the booklet is highly appreciated. I hope you will enjoy reading this interesting and meaningful booklet. Ir WONG Kwok Lai President The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers ̍र၆Ξᜈ൴ण۞ٚᏚ Engineers' Commitment to Sustainable Development ࠤᆃߏΞᜈ൴णĉ What is Sustainable Development? Ξᜈ൴णߏ˘࣎Ķߊਕ ႕֖ԧࣇன̫۞ᅮՐĂ˫ ̙ຫच̄गͽޢ႕֖ ࣇ۞ᅮՐ۞൴णሀёķĄ ܑϯċ • дՐགྷᑻಱྈăϠ߿ Լච۞ТॡĂഴ͌ѳߖ ć • д႕֖ԧࣇҋ̎Чᅮ ࢋᄃഇ୕۞ТॡĂ̙ຫ च̄ग۞ޢࡅćͽ ̈́ • ഴ͌၆ዐܕડાౄјᒖ ܲፉĂܲ˧ם᜕ВТ ጾѣ۞ྤĄ Sustainable Development is "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs". This means: • finding ways to increase prosperity and improve the quality of life while reducing overall pollution and waste; • meeting our own needs and aspirations without doing damage to the prospects of future generations; and • reducing the environment burden we put on our neighbours and helping to preserve common resources. • ౯Аซࡊጯۢᙊ̈́ܝ ԫఙ۞̍रĂა˧఼࿅ Ꮈࠧ͵ޙ৺۞ૄޙĂࢶ പၹޙј˘࣎ᓄၷ۞઼ᅫ ݱξĄ • ԧࣇ˧ࠎࢶപᄦౄ˘࣎ щБăქ̼҃ᐹ࡚۞اҝ ᒖဩĄ • ԧࣇᄃۤົЧลᆸ㤐͘Ъ үĂֹࢶപਕጾѣ˘࣎Ξ ᜈ൴ण۞ϏֽĄ • Our professional engineers, with advanced scientific knowledge and specialised technical skills, endeavour to shape Hong Kong as a prosperous international city by building world-class infrastructure. • We are dedicated to making a safe, green and pleasant living environment for Hong Kong. • We will work hand in hand with all sectors of the community to achieve a sustainable future for Hong Kong. ਕГϠ!!ۏफ़Гౄ ޙనҰԧֽ Renewable Energy and Recycled Materials for a Sustainable Future ΞГϠਕ ΞГϠਕߏ ĶϤ͇࿅யϠ֭Ξ̙ᕝྃ·۞ሒஐਕķ ĄѣҾٺΞၹј Бື̼۞̼Ϯ፼फ़тăϮ͇̈́ڵঈĂΞГϠਕਕ࿅ਕߵт ࢲ ă ͉ ว ă ঔ ă гሤਕ ̈́ ߹ͪ ඈᐌॡפϡĄ ΞೈᒖГϡۏफ़ ۏޙٵफ़۞ೈᒖГϡĂ̙ҭѣӄഴҲБື̼ă۩ঈѳߖ̈́ۏЯ͇ྤ҃ ຫचགྷᑻ൴णඈ၆ᒖဩၹј۞ࢬᇆᜩĂιՀߏଯҖΞᜈ൴ण۞ࢦࢋ˘ᒖĄ renewable energy does not cause global warming. It can be harnessed from energy sources such as the wind, sun, ocean waves, geothermal energy, and running water. Recycled Materials Recycling construction and demolition materials helps to reduce negative impacts to our environment, including global warming, production of atmospheric pollutants and hindrance of economic development resulting from wastage of natural resources. More importantly, it forms an essential part of sustainable development. ۏ फ़ Г ౄ ޙ న Ұ ԧ ֽ !Renewable Energy and Recycled Materials for a Sustainable Future Renewable Energy Renewable energy is "clean energy that is derived from natural processes that are replenished constantly". Unlike fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas, ਕ Г Ϡ ͉วਕ Solar Energy щ྅ͪ˯ٺૠٗ۞͉วਕତќጡ Solar Panels Installed in Sheung Sheung Shui Slaughterhouse ࢶപд ᑕϡ͉วਕ ͪࢴٺΐሤ̈́൴ ѣ ࿅31ѐ ۞።ΫĄ ˯ͪૠٗ۞నࢍЪለ༖઼࡚̈́ྺ ຽొᚑॾ۞ϠᇾĂ̰ཉ561͉࣎ วਕତќጡࢴͪܐՎΐሤĂՏ͟ ࠎ˯ͪૠٗ೩ֻ!741ϲ͞Ѽ۞ሤͪĄ ѩγĂ˿̍͢٤णཌᔑ˭۞˿˧ ̍Ϻѣܲዳ97࣎Ϥ͉วਕଯજ ۞ҋજܥณࢍĄ҃Ϥ͉วਕڕ൴જ ۞٩ͪ፟Ăྮ˘ࠎय़۞ങۏ ೩ֻҋજրĄ Solar power has been harnessed in Hong Kong for more than 20 years for water heating and electricity. ਕ Г Ϡ ͉วਕҋજܥณࢍր Schematic Layout of the Solar Power Automatic Raingauge System Sheung Shui Slaughterhouse has been designed by engineers to meet strict hygiene standards of the European Community and the US Department of Agriculture, by which 450 solar panels are installed to pre-heat water supplying the daily use of 630 cubic metres of hot water. The Geotechnical Engineering Office of the Civil Engineering and Development Department maintains 86 solar-powered rain gauges in Hong Kong. And the vegetation on a roadside slope is watered automatically by a solarpowered water pump. ͉วਕҋજր Schematic Layout of the Solar Power Automatic Irrigation System ᐼ࡙ͪ!Water Tank ྏរ̚۞ Slope under trial ଠטጡ!Control Unit ͉วਕ!ڕSlope Panel д۞ొغᝍͪጡ Sprinklers along Slope Toe !Renewable Energy and Recycled Materials for a Sustainable Future ۏ फ़ Г ౄ ޙ న Ұ ԧ ֽ ࢲ˧ਕ Wind Energy ࢲ˧൴ ̙ົயϠᆿঈĂЪᒖܲࣧĄ ώപࢵळથຽఢሀ۞ࢲ˧൴৭Ҝٺ ˰ݑफ̂ᑏĂٺ3117ѐ3͡རјୁϡĄྍ ีϫ۞ඉထ̈́Ꮈ̍ޙϤࢶപ፶ѣࢨ̳ΦయĂࢲ˧൴፟ ࢍ ՏѐΞயϠ211༱ޘქҒ˧ ĂЯѩՏѐΞ ഴֹ͌ϡ461ጟ ፼ Ąྍळా֘ཧࡗ35ᆸሁ۞ࢲ˧൴፟ిࢲٺ྿ҌՏࡋ 4Ҍ36ѼॡĂܮΞயϠ˧Ăࢍ͟ޢ൴፟۞ፆүॡมΞ ྿9:&Ą൴৭̰Ϻనण̬ڕΞГϠਕྤफ़Ą Wind energy is environmentally friendly as it produces power without generating emissions. Hong Kong's first commercial-scale wind power station was commissioned in Tai Ling on Lamma Island in February 2006. The project, undertaken by The Hongkong Electric Co Ltd, is expected to generate about one million units of electricity and supplant the need to burn 350 tonnes of coal annually. The 24-storey ܚࢲ˰ݑ൴৭!ů ώപࢵ࣎ࢲ˧൴৭ Lamma Winds –– The First Wind Power Station in Hong Kong high wind turbine can generate electricity when the wind blows at 3 to 25 metres per second. It has been estimated that it will be in operation 89% of the time. The exhibition area inside the wind power station also provides a wealth of information on renewable energy. ۏޙٵफ़ೈᒖГౄ Recycling Construction and Demolition Materials ુડ Landfill హّۏޙٵफ़Ğт˿ڪăՒڪğ̈́ܧೈᒖГౄ۞ ർّۏޙٵफ़Ğт᎑ăϞăࠟሬᘒܦඈğ Reclamation ̶ᙷ Sorting ۏޙٵІ C&D Materials ͽ 4S ࣧĞ ഴ͌ăГϡ̈́ೈᒖГ ౄğࠎૄᖂ۞გநᆿफ़ඉரᒔ᎕ໂଯ ᇃĂͽቁܲϏֽ۞Ξᜈ൴णĄ ࢶപՏѐٙயϠ۞ۏޙٵफ़྿2-311 ༱̳ጟĂֱۏޙٵफ़ೈᒖГౄ၆ ࢶപჯΞᜈ൴णҌࠎࢦࢋĂѣӄ ഴ͇͌ྤ̈́ଳᚩćΩ˘͞ ࢬĂѩᓝਕ᜕ܲԧࣇ۞ᒖဩĂ͇֭ ྤග˭˘ٚ็Ą གྷೈᒖГౄ۞ۏޙٵफ़۞ኳณᄃ͇ Ϯफ़۞मҾ̈ޝĂ֭ዋϡٺкޙ ϡĄ ঔ Soft Inert C&D Materials (e.g. earth, sand) and Non-Recyclable Hard Inert C&D Materials (e.g. bricks, tiles, glasses and asphalt etc) ΞೈᒖГౄ۞ർّۏޙٵफ़ Recyclable Hard Inert C&D Materials ޙౄ̍̚۞ೈᒖГౄϮफ़ Recycled Aggregates in Construction Works ۏ फ़ Г ౄ ޙ న Ұ ԧ ֽ !Renewable Energy and Recycled Materials for a Sustainable Future ޙٵᆿफ़Ğтѻڑăቱă͢Մ̈́Β྅ᆿफ़ğ C&D Waste (e.g. bamboo, plastic, timber and packaging wastes) ਕ Г Ϡ ۏޙٵफ़ೈᒖГౄ Recycling Construction and Demolition Materials ͏ܝௐˬ˩ˣડ۞ᓜॡۏޙٵफ़ೈᒖГౄన߉ Temporary C&D Material Recycling Facility in Tuen Mun Area 38 1 гሹ Site ᜠߝᎡዩજΐफ़ጡ 2 Vibratory Grizzly Feeder 5 Ҝཉဦ Location Plan ˟৺༤Ϯ፟Ğᐄԛ༤Ϯ፟ğ Secondary Crusher (Cone Crusher) ܐ৺༤Ϯ፟Ğᗠԛ༤Ϯ፟ğ Primary Crusher (Jaw Crusher) 6 Picker Platform ᗕᆸёዩજᎡ ቀ Weighbridges 7 3 4 ঈ̶ᙷ྅ཉ Air Knife 7 ГౄϮफ़ᐼхડ Stockpile Partition 3R Model (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) is widely promoted as a 2 4 ˠ͘ᎡᏴπέ Double Deck Vibratory Screen 6 1 3 5 strategic waste management to ensure sustainable development in future. About 12 million tonnes of construction and demolition materials are generated every year and recycling of these materials is crucial to sustainable development of Hong Kong. Recycling construction and demolition materials (C&DM) helps to cut ਕ Г Ϡ ሕдϡ Potential Applications Ϯफ़ Rock Infill for Gabion Vݭറ U-Channel ϮߗϮ Infill to Stone Column റါᆸ Pipe Bedding ঔᒒ᎑Ɲћࡦ Seawall Backing Ϡய˿Ҍௐ46৺ Concrete Production up to Grade 35 ೈᒖГౄϮफ़ Recycled Aggregates გळᇿ Pipe Surround/Haunching ⯴ྮ᎑ Paving Block ழͪϮ Filter ᑢܝ͏ٺޙௐ49ડ۞ೈᒖГౄన߉ Proposed Recycling Facility at Tuen Mun Area 38 down on the waste of natural resources and reduces the need for quarrying and on the other hand, to protect our environment and conserve natural resources for future generations. Recycled aggregates are good construction materials with physical properties compatible with virgin aggregates. They are applicable for various construction applications. າ!ࠧ New Territories ᑢٺޙ፫ௐ248ડ۞ೈᒖГౄన߉ Proposed Recycling Facility at Tseung Kwan O Area 137 ˝!ᐷ Kowloon ̂!ᑎ!̋ Lantau Island ࢶ!പ!फ Hong Kong Island !Renewable Energy and Recycled Materials for a Sustainable Future റါᆸ Pipe Bedding ۏ फ़ Г ౄ ޙ న Ұ ԧ ֽ ᆿۏᖼ̼ਕ Energy from Waste ڮঈᑕϡ Ϥറચཌྻү۞ϮസᆦăՒϣ ̈́̂ंѳͪநᇄĂϒଳϡк ̙ТఢॾĂֹϡ ڪঐ̼ ٙயϠ ۞ ڮঈ Ăֻк̙Т ϡĄྍˬมѳͪநᇄВ ՏѐயϠ࿅ 891༱ϲ͞Ѽ ڮঈ Ą Ϯസᆦѳͪநᇄ̙ಏͽڮঈ ೩̿ڪЪ̈́ঐ̼۞࿅Ă ֭ͽѩүࠎ ሤͪᔦᚤ۞൴ሤ ፼फ़Ăͽჯநຐ۞ঐ̼ ڪޘĂкዶ۞ڮঈ࿅ᆿঈ Ւϣѳͪநᇄ Shatin Sewage Treatment Treatment Works W ፼፵ጡ፼፵Ą఼࿅ѳͪநᇄ ̰۞ტЪϠயሤਕ̈́ਕ ІĂڮঈ۞ᑕϡͽซ˘Վᕖ ̂Ҍ ็ਖ਼ਕ̈́ሤਕ ֻྍᇄ ֹϡĄ Ւϣѳͪநᇄͽ ڮঈ൴ ଯજәࢲጡăڪ௲ͪ፟̈́ ͪࠄĂٙঐਈ۞ڮঈϡͽ ͪΐሤͽჯڪঐ̼ጡ۞ ޘĄ ̂ंѳͪநᇄͽڮঈଯજሤ ͪᔦᚤ̈́әࢲጡĂனϒ᎕ ໂࡁտᕖ̂ڮঈᑕϡ ۞ΞҖ͞९Ą Use of Biogas Biogas generated during sludge digestion is tapped for various uses in various configurations at sewage treatment works (STW) operated by the Drainage Services Department at Shek Wu Hui, Sha Tin and Tai Po. More than 7.8 million cubic metres of biogas is generated annually at these three sewage treatment facilities. At Shek Wu Hui STW, biogas is used to enhance the sludge mixing and digestion process, as well as for water boilers to maintain the optimum temperature for sludge digestion, with surplus flared off through waste gas burners. Biogas will be further utilised through the installation of Combined Heat and Power (CHP) generating set for delivery of both electricity and thermal energies for plant uses. At Sha T in STW, biogas generates electricity for air blowers, dewatering machines and pumps, with exhaust gas used for heating water to maintain the temperature of the sludge digesters. At Tai Po STW, biogas is harnessed for water boilers and air blowers. Feasible ways of maximising the utilisation of biogas in Tai Po STW are under study. ુ ঈវᑕϡ ુঈវϤુӰགྷϠ ̶ۏྋٙயϠĂந̙༊Ξ ਕ၆ઉၹјПᐍĄ҃ુ ঈវߏ˘ϲΞആ ਕߵ Ăѣӄഴ͌ԧࣇ၆ ѣच̼Ϯ፼फ़тăϮ̈́ڵ ͇ঈ۞ࣅᏥĄ Ϥ3117ѐฟؕĂࢶ പ̚රঈѣࢨ̳ ΦதАଳϡֽҋ χခᑏ۞ુঈ វĂགྷᑅᒺă ੵΝ˟উ̼ ̈́ਙ̼ޢĂү ࠎᄦౄঈ ۞ആ፼फ़ Ą potential health hazard if not properly controlled, but it is a viable alternative energy source which can help reduce removal of carbon dioxide, water and trace components and odourisation. 3,300 cubic metres of landfill gas is extracted every hour from NENT landfill and is used for electricity our dependency on fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas. generation and to treat hazardous leachate (a high-strength At Ta Kwu Ling landfill in the North East New Territories (NENT), landfill gas is harnessed as wastewater). heating fuel for industry after the treatment process comprising compression, ਕ Г Ϡ ۏ फ़ Г ౄ ޙ న Ұ ԧ ֽ Starting from 2006, the Hong Kong and China Gas Company Limited has been using landfill gas from Ta Kwu Ling as an alternative heating fuel to produce towngas, after the treatment process comprising compression, removal of carbon dioxide, water and trace components and odourisation. Ҝٺχခᑏ۞າࠧڌΔુડ Taa Kwu Ling Landfill in the North North East New Territories T !Renewable Energy and Recycled Materials for a Sustainable Future Ҝٺχခᑏ۞າࠧڌΔુ ડ̰۞ુঈវĂགྷᑅᒺă ੵΝ˟উ̼̈́ਙ̼ޢĂΞ үࠎ̍ຽϡ൴ሤ፼फ़Ąາࠧ ڌΔુડՏ̈ॡᛖٸ4-411 ϲ͞Ѽ۞ુঈវĂќะ۞ ঈវֻ ൴̝ϡ̈́ந ѣच۞ᘒ୵Ğ፧ ޘѳͪğĄ Use of Landfill Gas Produced with the biodegradation of waste at landfills, landfill gas is a ˬڀ৺ѳͪநᇄ Ngong Ping Tertiary Sewage Treatment Works ࠎ᜕ܲ̂ᑎ̋Ϯጨͪะͪડ̈́ͪৼצវ۞ ͪኳĂറચཌڀٺᎸࢶ˞ޙപࢵळ ˬ৺ѳͪ நᇄĄྍᇄֹϡϠͅۏᑕѰăᗕᆸ࿅ᕭѰঐ ߲Ԕ Ăͽഴ͌ѳͪ̚۞ѣ፟ѳߖۏăᚙঙ វăᒉዳۏঽϠۏҌໂҲͪπĄགྷڀѳ ͪநᇄந۞ޢѳͪົᗝγΐനĂֹតјѣ ϡ۞Гౄͪ Ăֻᑕග̳۞ڀೂϡү՞ೂͪ Ă˵ ົдѳͪநᇄ̰үዳ౦̈́ѣࢨ۞טϡĄ To protect the water quality of the water gathering ground for Shek Pik Reservoir and other receiving water bodies on Lantau Island, the Drainage Services Department built Hong Kong's first tertiary sewage treatment plant in Ngong Ping. This plant adopts the Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR), dual media filter and disinfection processes to reduce organic pollutants, suspended solids, nutrients and pathogenic organisms in sewage to a very low level. The tertiary treated effluent becomes reclaimed water after chlorination, which will be used for flushing in public toilets in Ngong Ping and for rearing fish and controlled irrigation within Ngong Ping Sewage Treatment Works. дᗕᆸ࿅ᕭѰ̰ଳϡ̙Т۞࿅ ᕭۏኳĂੵᆿ̰ͪ౺ዶ۞͌ ณѳߖۏ Using different media in the dual media filter for further removal of the remaining pollutants дϠͅۏᑕѰ̰Ăѳͪ̚۞Ϡົۏԯ ѳߖ̶ۏྋĂ֭᎕ჸјྵ̂۞វĂ གྷՕ፥̶ܮޢֽ In the SBR, microorganisms will decompose the organic matters in the sewage, and form larger particles for further sedimentation ڀѳͪநᇄٺ 3117ѐ4͡29͟ϒё೬၌ Ngong Ping Sewage Treatment Works was officially opened on 18 March 2006 Гౄͪ Reclaimed Water གྷڀѳͪநᇄந۞ޢѳͪͪ ኳໂָĂјࠎѳͪೈᒖГϡྏរ۞ р፟ົĄГౄͪົд̳۞ڀВ߾ ͘มăУ֘ᓁ৭࠹ᙯॠྼ൴णన ߉̰ү՞ೂ̝ϡĄ ĶГౄͪķົ̳۞ܕܢٺೂү՞ೂϡ Reclaimed water is used for flushing in public toilets Гౄͪ̏జ͵ࠧЧ઼ᇃھᑕϡд ă࡚̼ᒖဩăҽݒրă߾ූ ̈́֘ዃঐ֨ϡͪඈϡĄ The benefits of reclaimed water, include: • save water; • better quality water for irrigation; • better use of treated effluent; and • protect our environment. Reclaimed water is widely used in other countries for irrigation, landscaping, cooling, road cleaning, car washing and firefighting. ͟ώߏдξડᑕϡГౄͪ۞Аᜭ Japan is the leader in urban water reuse ᇄ̰۞౦ѰֹϡГౄͪүዳ៍ካ౦̝ϡ Reclaimed water is used in a fish pond inside the plant for rearing aquarium fish ਕ Г Ϡ ۏ फ़ Г ౄ ޙ న Ұ ԧ ֽ !Renewable Energy and Recycled Materials for a Sustainable Future Гౄͪ۞рĂΒ߁Ĉ • ༼࠷ͪྤć • Հр۞ͪኳүϡć • චϡགྷநᆿͪćͽ̈́ • ᜕ܲᒖဩĄ The high quality of the treated effluent from Ngong Ping Sewage Treatment Works provides a good opportunity for conducting a pilot trial on effluent reuse. Reclaimed water is used for flushing in the public toilets in Ngong Ping, the Cable Car Terminal and the associated tourist facilities. ˘৺͵ࠧݱξ ૄ઼ޙᅫͪπ World-class Infrastructure for Continuing Prosperity ఼࿅ޙౄ͵ࠧ৺ૄޙĂ̍रϭԠࢶപޙనј˘࣎щБăქ̼҃ᓄၷ۞ ઼ᅫݱξĄ ࢶപ۞̍र̏णϯਕ˧Ăдనࢍăޙౄ̈́ᒉྻૄۏ ࢬ͞ޙႽ ϡĂ֭၆ᒖဩ۞ᗼഴҌҲ Ą Our engineers aim to make Hong Kong a safe, green and prosperous international city by constructing world-class infrastructure. Hong Kong engineers have demonstrated their capability to design, construct and operate infrastructure that makes the maximum use of materials, while minimising damage to the environment. !World-class Infrastructure for Continuing Prosperity ˘ ৺ ͵ ࠧ ݱ ξ ૄ ޙ ઼ ᅫ ͪ π ࢶപᒅг̳ Hong Kong Wetland Park гሤࠄ۩አրϯຍဦ Ⴂ᜕ཌᔑ˭۞ࢶപᒅг̳̈́ణ͕̚މĂߏޙཌ ࢵ࣎ វଳϡೈᒖГౄޙϮफ़Ꮈ ޙĂߏᄃᗟ̳к ࣎ᒖܲ؟ў˘۞ྏរࢍထĄྍีϫϺߏࢶപ ࢵ࣎ ̂ณଳϡΒӣೈᒖГౄϮफ़˿۞ޙۏĄ гሤࠄ۩አր ߏ Ӏϡг˭˿ڪүሤਕ Ϲೱ ĂٺଳືॡӀϡгغүࠎሤਕ۞ֽć Conceptial Diagram of Geothermal Heat Pump Air-conditioning System ͪҽё۩አ፟ Water Cooled Air-conditioning Plant טٺҽॡሤਕଵזٸгغΝĄ̳ଳϡ гሤࠄ۩ঈր೩ֻ۩አĂྵ็ͪҽё ۩አր༼࠷ 36&ਕ Ą д̚δᇃಞ̈́γཉ߾͘มଳϡ˞͇ ͔ˢ͇ Ѝ Ăഴֹ͌ϡˠౄЍĂѣӄഴ͌ਈ ณĄ гሤͪგ Underground Geothermal Water Pipes ͪغሤሹგ Loose Bundle Coils in Lake/Water Pond ߾͘มଳϡ ̱̳̿ёҲट᎕ͪቐ Ăͽഴ͌ ϡͪณĄߐ̂ሁ̰۞߾͘มՀ Ӏϡͪܥ՞ ೂ Ą̳۞ᆡͪѰͽ സͪೈᒖГϡ Ăซ˘Վ ഴ͌ϡͪณĄ Ωѣк༼ਕన౯т៍౧̰ܩϡͽଯજࢲै۞ ͉วਕЍЄڕă੨ѣ̄ᗉ߹ጡ۞U6ᏈЍგă Ᏹ̳̂ሁځրϤຏᑕጡଠטăአ༼ᔿࢲณ ۞˟উ̼ຏᑕጡăአ७ܝು̈́̚δᇃಞ྿Ҍ ఼͇ࢲ۞ޘຏᑕጡăአ༼߾͘ม఼ࢲ۞ࢲ ిຏᑕጡă̚δᇃಞ̰ځր̝ീЍጡăҋ જր۞ͪܥຏᑕጡăୗϡ۞Ξតᐛ ిᜭજጡĂ̈́តిҽࠄͪݒඈĄ Ҝٺາ͇ࠧͪಛ۞ࢶപᒅг̳ Hong Kong Wetland Park in Tin Shui Wai in the New Territories The Wetland Park and Visitor Centre of AFD is the first pilot project of the Architectural Services Department to use recycled aggregates in concrete, among many environmental objectives consistent with the theme of the project. This is also the first building in A geothermal heat pump airconditioning system (GHPAC) exchanges heat with the ground. It makes use of the ground as a source of heat when heating is needed and rejects heat into the ground when cooling is required. The ground thus serves as a large heat sink. 25% energy-savings are achieved through the use of GHPAC, compared with a conventional cooling tower. Natural lighting is by means of skylight (north light) at Central Atrium and external toilets. Artificial lighting is minimised to reduce power consumption. Low capacity, 6-litre water closets are used to reduce water consumption in the toilets, while rainwater is used for ᒅг̳̰۞̚δᇃ Central Atrium in Hong Kong Wetland Park Other energy saving installations such as photovoltaic panels for oscillating fans in Bird Hides, T5 fluorescent tubes with electronic ballasts, occupancy sensors for Office lightings, CO2 sensors for fresh air supply, temperature sensors in Galleries and Atrium for switching to natural ventilation mode, wind sensors for toilet ventilation, photo cells for artificial lighting in Atrium, rain sensors for automatic irrigation system, VVVF drive for lift installation and variable speed drive condensing water pumps, etc. ˘ ৺ ͵ ࠧ ݱ ξ ૄ ޙ ઼ ᅫ ͪ π !World-class Infrastructure for Continuing Prosperity Hong Kong with an extensive use of concrete incorporated recycled aggregates AC system. flushing toilets in the satellite building. Water consumption is further reduced by recycling lake water for the water features at the park. ஐ̼ঔപࢍထௐ˘ഇ Harbour Area Treatment Scheme Stage I ߷௺ ڀѳͪநᇄࠎ͵ࠧ˯Тᙷ̼ݭጯѳͪநᇄ̚ҫг͌གྷᑻड़ৈ ߷௺ڀѳͪநᇄࠎ͵ࠧ˯Тᙷ̼ݭጯѳͪநᇄ̚ҫг͌གྷᑻड़ৈ The Stonecutters Island STW is the most compact and efficient efficient CEPT plant in the world ஐ̼ঔപࢍထௐ˘ഇўдԁචநჯപث461༱ˠ˾Տ ͇ٙᄦౄ۞ѳͪĄࢍထଳϡൺ۞ѳͪќะྮቢĂͽഴҲ ߉̍ഇม၆̳ிౄј۞ൄᕘĄ Бܜ34/7̳֧۞எᆸᐋ Ă˝ᐷξડ̈́ࢶപफڌΔొ۞ѳͪᏮਖ਼߷௺ڀזѳͪ நᇄΐͽநĂགྷந۞ޢѳͪົ఼࿅ଵ˾ٸдჯкӀ ֲപҘࢬͪાଵٸĄߏี͵ࠧ৺ૄޙՏ͇Ξ ഴ͌711ጟ Ğ࠹ඈٺ51࣎ఱᕢğ۞ѳߖۏϴୢٺჯкӀֲപĄ ཤঝ ܦҗ ߷௺ڀ ˿ϝ៉ ៍ ፫ Kwai Chung Tsing Yi Stonecutters Island To Kwa Wan Kwun Tong Tseung Kwan O ڻᐋྮቢ̷ࢬဦ Longitudinal Section of Tunnels ཤঝ KWAI CHUNG ܦҗ TSING YI ߷௺ڀ STONECUTTERS ISLAND ˿ϝ៉ TO KWA WAN ៍ KWUN TONG ଵٸგ OUTFALL ፫ TSEUNG KWAN O ✒დ៉ SHAU KEI WAN ॻ៉ CHAI WAN ĺஐ̼ঔപࢍထĻௐ˘ഇࢍထϯຍဦ Layout of HATS Stage I !World-class Infrastructure for Continuing Prosperity ૄ ޙ ઼ ᅫ ͪ π ҋ3112ѐ23̚͡ฟؕĂ ˛ј۞ѳͪ זኳ৵۞̼ጯᅃ ӄ˘৺ٕϠۏĞ˟৺ğநĂ̖ޢଵٸঔĂ၆ͧͽـ Ϊˬ̶̝˘۞ѳͪזТᇹநĂ̂̂ Լචࢶപͪા ۞ͪኳ Ą ѳͪд߷௺ڀѳͪநᇄซҖ̼ጯᅃӄ˘৺ நޢĂΞঐੵѳͪ̚ 91&۞ᚙঙۏ 81&۞Ϡ̼ᅮউณ Ąѳͪਖ਼߷௺ڀז ѳͪநᇄซҖ̚δநĂΞ̂̂ഴ ҲྻүјώĂϺ ΄ѳͪᅈᗓϔ اĄ ˘ ৺ ͵ ࠧ ݱ ξ ஐ̼ঔപࢍထௐ˘ഇ Harbour Area Treatment Scheme Stage I ѳ ڪநన߉Տ͇Ξந۞ѳڪ྿:11ጟĂ௲ͪ྿46& ѳڪநన߉Տ͇Ξந۞ѳڪ྿:11ጟĂ௲ͪ྿46& The Sludge Treatment reatment Facilities have a tota totall production capacity of 900 to tonnes nnes of sludge cake at 35% dryn dryness ess per day ˘ ৺ ͵ ࠧ ݱ ξ ૄ ޙ ઼ ᅫ ͪ π !World-class Infrastructure for Continuing Prosperity The Harbour Area Treatment Scheme (HATS) Stage I is responsible for cleaning up sewage generated every day by 3.5 million people on both sides of Victoria Harbour. A 23.6kilometre network of deep tunnels, which is the shortest route to convey sewage in order to minimise nuisance to the public during construction, transports sewage from Kowloon and the northeast part of Hong Kong Island to Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Works (STW) for treatment. The treated effluent is discharged into the western approaches of Victoria Harbour via outfall. This world-class infrastructure prevents 600 tonnes of pollutants, enough to fill 40 containers, from being dumped into Victoria Harbour everyday. Since mid December 2001, over 70% of sewage generated by the people of Hong Kong is now receiving high quality chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT) or biological (secondary) treatment before disposal, compared with only one-third before. Sewage is chemically treated at Stonecutters Island STW, which removes 80% of the suspended solids and 70% Biochemical Oxygen Demand in the sewage. A centralised treatment plant not only lowers its operating costs but also stays out of sight of the general public. ֲ߷ડ̂۞ѳͪࠄٗ Asia's Largest Sewage Pumping Station S எപҘొ఼ Hong Kong - Shenzhen Western Corridor எപҘొ఼ࠎ˘୧ࡗܜ6/6̳֧Ğࢶപ߱ܜ4/6̳֧Ă எв߱ܜ3/1̳֧ğ۞ˬቢᗕ̶֘Ăాତஎвఏ ˾֎ڌᐝ̈́ࢶപາࠧҘΔ۞Ьঔ៉ቢҌ̮६̳ྮĄ ᒖ ဩ҂ᇋ எപҘొ఼ፖྭЬঔ៉ᇃᔮ۞ሗሜ ᝎĂགྷᏙྙЧ࣎ქҒဥវޢĂ кี᜕ܲЬঔ៉Ϡၗᒖဩନ߉ར၁ ଯҖĈ • Ꮈޙᓜॡ ĂͽഴҲ၆ሗሜ ᝎ۞ᇆᜩć • ೩ֻͪኳᇆᜩ۞ቤྋନ߉ Ăтщ྅ ಛಠăڪ၌̈́ଳϡౕԹ͜ڪ፟ඈć • д ѼंซҖழᒂ ͽԼචૄಛ۞ͪ߹Ăΐૻྍгүࠎ ౧డࢴг۞Αਕćͽ̈́ • ೩ֻϠၗྃᐺડ Ą Ϥٺٚޙથ۞఼˧ЪүĂஎപҘొ఼̍ีϫЯѩٺ ᒖဩ᜕ܲ͞ࢬᒔ̙͌ረีĄ ϫ݈ˬ୧ྭဩҖ఼֘۞ֹϡณ̏ତܕĂᎸޙஎപ Ҙొ఼ѣӄ῁ቤϹ఼Ăܳซώപᄃරݑгડ۞གྷ൴ णĂΐૻࢶപүࠎˬ֎гડᇽ৸۞гҜĄ ᒖܲረี Environmental Awards • temporary access bridge is constructed to minimise the impacts on inter-tidal mudflats; Ьঔ៉ثᙝ۞ሗሜᝎ Ѽं۞ழᒂ̍ Deep Bay Coastline - Inter-tidal Mudflats Area Dredging at Mai Po • provision of water quality impact mitigation measures including installation Temporary Access Bridge щ྅ಛಠ̈́ڪ၌ Installation of Cofferdam and Silt Curtain ౕԹ͜ Closed Grab ̍гܕܢЃि۞౧ Birds Resting in the Vicinity of the Works Site ڪ၌ Silt Curtain ซҖԼච̍۞ޢѼंૄಛ Hong Kong-Shenzhen Western Corridor (HK-SWC) is a 5.5kilometre long dual 3-lane carriageway (Hong Kong section is 3.5 kilometres whereas the Shenzhen section is 2.0 kilometres) linking Dongjiaotou at Shekou with Deep Bay Link in the northwestern part of the Hong Kong New Territories to Yuen Long Highway. • dredging at Mai Po improves the water exchange capacity in Gei Wais and thus enhances the feeding ground for birds; and • provision of ecological compensation area is also carried out. Several awards in environmental aspect have been awarded to the Project attributed to the Contractor's sincere cooperation. Mai Po Gei Wais after Enhancement Works Environment Considerations โࢬൡេ Black-faced Spoonbill Ϡၗྃᐺડ Ecological Compensation Area Since HK-SWC spans over the extensive inter-tidal mudflats in Deep Bay, several mitigation measures have been implemented to protect the ecological environment in Deep Bay after extensive consultation with green groups: While the existing 3 boundary crossings are near saturation, HKSWC serves as a measure of alleviation, as well as to enhance trade and economic development between Hong Kong and Southern China and strengthen the position of Hong Kong as the hub of the Pearl River Delta area. !World-class Infrastructure for Continuing Prosperity of cofferdam, silt curtain and using closed grab for dredging; ᓜॡ ˘ ৺ ͵ ࠧ ݱ ξ ૄ ޙ ઼ ᅫ ͪ π ዬ̋T7̳ྮ Road T7 in Ma On Shan Ηฟٸёࢰཊ Noise Semi-enclosure U8̳ྮٺ3115ѐ9͡ୁϡĂࠎ˘୧ܜ4/3̳֧۞ᗕቢᗕҖ֘ྮĂాତዬ̋ྮ̈́ҘՒྮĄU8̳ྮ೩ֻ˘୧ᖒ ࿅ᓄѓξ͕̚۞ۡତ఼Ă֭ᒺൺֽـՒϣ̈́ዬ̋۞Җ֘ॡม<!ྮڻщ྅ 74-111π͞Ѽࢰ ڕĂࠎࢶപТᙷ ಏ˘ࢍထ̚ቑಛ̂Ąߏี̍யϠ676-111π͞Ѽ۞ۏޙٵफ़Ăొ̂̚Њ̏Гϡ̍ีߏٺ̚үࠎफ़Ąڻ ྮከన 3/4̳֧۞ܜΗฟٸёࢰލᅪ̈́2/8̳֧ۡݬ۞ܜёᚙᓖёࢰލᅪ ĂΞഴҲϹ఼ጠࢰ၆ዐاܕ ϔ۞ᇆᜩĄ୧ాତU8̳ྮ۞͚ྮͽҖ֘ᐋԛёޙౄĂΞֽ۞ᒖဩᇆᜩഴҌҲĄྮڻय़ങፘ͢Ă ྮय़۞Ϻങ̈́͢ፘ͢Ăქ̼ྮڻᒖဩ Ą Ҳጠࢰྮࢬۏफ़ ۡϲёࢰލᅪ Cantilevered Noise Barrier Low Noise Road Surface Vertical Noise Barrier Road T7, which opened in August 2004, is a 3.2 km dual 2-lane carriageway linking Ma On Shan Road and Sai Sha Road. It provides a direct route for traffic to bypass the busy town centre and shorten the travelling time between Shatin and Ma On Shan. The 63,000 square metres of noise barriers were the largest ever to have been erected at a single project in Hong Kong. About 565,000 cubic metres of C&D materials were generated in the project with a large proportion of them were reused as filling material for the project. 2.3 kilometres of noise semi-enclosures and 1.7 kilometres of vertical and cantilever noise barriers were erected to reduce traffic noise nuisance to nearby residents. Two underpasses to house the slip roads connecting Road T7 were adopted to minimise environmental impacts caused. A touch of vivid green livened up the surroundings with trees planted beside the road, and slopes covered in a blanket of shrubs and trees. Җ֘ᐋˢ˾ Җ֘ᐋ Underpass Portal Underpass !World-class Infrastructure for Continuing Prosperity ᚙᓖёࢰލᅪ ˘ ৺ ͵ ࠧ ݱ ξ ૄ ޙ ઼ ᅫ ͪ π ዬ̋T7̳ྮ Road T7 in Ma On Shan ያܕΗฟٸёࢰཊ̋˯ ങ۞ፘ͢!0!͢ Trees/Shrubs Planted on Slopes Adjacent to Noise Semi-enclosure дྮᙝങ۞ፘ͢ Roadside Trees ̏πፋ۞̋ Formed Slopes ତܕዬ̋ޮщ㞢 ̏πፋ۞ྮᙝ̋ Formed Roadside Slope Near Heng On Estate in Ma On Shan дᇺ͢ᐝྮϹ๗۞ ᒖဩ࡚̼̍ Landscaping Works at Cheung Muk Tau Interchange щБ̈́ქ̼ Safe and Green Slopes ࢶപЧགྷ ങЪዋ۞ങ̈́ ۏΐͽ ࡚̼ ޢĂፋវ៍ຏՀᛇຍĄ̍र˧ ዮ֭ქ̼ Ăԯ ࢶപၹࠧ͵ࠎޙ৺ݱξĂྻϡᒖܲ̈́͞ڱໂ౹ຍ۞ၹޥĂֹགྷქ̼̈́ዮ۞ޢ ᄃαᒖဩᏉЪࠎ˘ Ą Ҝߗ֔ٺᐷᇇࡿ۞Ķָ࡚̼ķ݄ Champion of the "Best Landscaped Landscaped Slope" is located at Lung T Tak Court, Stanley !World-class Infrastructure for Continuing Prosperity Slopes across Hong Kong are being turned into visually pleasing elements of the cityscape by planting suitable vegetation. Our engineers build Hong Kong into a world-class city by making our slopes safe and green. Slopes are made green and safe by using environmentally-friendly solutions and creative ideas that blend well with the natural surroundings. ˘ ৺ ͵ ࠧ ݱ ξ ૄ ޙ ઼ ᅫ ͪ π ᒖܲޙຍه ౹ޙщ͇ځ Eco-friendly Buildings for Better Living ᐹኳޙ̂ረ 3115 Quality Building Award 2004 Δִ˘ཱི No. 1 Peking Road • ᗕᆸ఼ࢲ၌ᒒγొዌวࢫڕҲ͉วሤ Double skin ventilated façde and external shading device to reduce solar gain • ͇έనѣ͉วਕ൴ڕќะ͉วਕ Use of solar energy through photovoltaic panels at the rooftop ड़ਕሁц ů ᐹኳޙᐹளረ 3115 Energy-efficient Building – Certificate of Merits 2004 ዌχ̂ງ Chater House • IbsejXbmmրഴ͌߉̍ ॡม̈́ޙᆿफ़ HardiWall system reduces construction time and waste ઼ᅫܛᏉ͕̚˟ഇ Two IFC ᒖဩĄ • ᗕᆸ၌ᒒࢫҲ͉วሤ Double skin façade to reduce solar gain ԧࣇ۞ޙౄຽࠎ˞ਕૉ྿࣎זϫᇾĂ ٺ౹າĂ౹ౄЧᐹս۞ޙۏ ඕၹĂͽ႕֖ϡ͗۞ᅮՐĄ̍रࣇࠎ ޙ ۞ۏనࢍ ă ޙౄྻү ೩˞Ч ̍ඉரĂֹޙՄफ़ਕਈז ᐹ̼ĂТॡ ࢫҲ˞ᒖဩఈ Ą ᒖܲҝшሁцůௐ˘ᆼᒔࢶ പޙۏᒖဩෞҤڱෞ̶ ۞ҝшሁц Environmental-friendly Residential Building – 1st Urban Residential Property Certificated with Top Level HK-BEAM Rating ชፔ The Orchards • ੨౯ͪܥаќր͉̈́วਕځ )·̶Ӏϡ͇ྤ * Harness natural resources by rainwater recycling systems and solar systems and solar powered lighting Sustainable Building Construction is defined as the creation and responsible management of a healthy built environment based on resource efficient and ecological principles. Engineers of our construction industry are striving for this aim by being innovative, and delivering buildings and structures that provide greater satisfaction and value to the users. They have developed tools and strategies for the design, construction and operation of buildings, which optimise the consumption of materials & energy and minimise environmental loadings. Ξᜈޙ Sustainable Building ፟̍ཌາᓁొ EMSD New Headquarters • ҋ఼ࢲ Natural ventilation • ᆿཉޙۏᖙາ Retrofit of disused building • ΞГϠਕ Renewable energy • ͪܥќะր Grey water recycling • Ӏϡҋຏᑕրүડા፶Ѝଠט Individual light-zones control via the use of motion sensor and computer system ᒖ ܲ ޙ ຍ ه ౹ ޙ щ ځ ͇ !Eco-friendly Buildings for Better Living Ξᜈሁцůᐹኳޙ ᐹளረ 3115 Sustainable Building Construction – Certificate of Merits 2004 Ξᜈޙޙౄߏଂ೩ྤϠၗ ड़த ൴Ă౹ౄგந˘࣎ઉ۞ޙ ქҒޙෞҤ Green Building Assessment ̍र͔ϡ ࢶപޙᒖဩෞҤ ̈́ ڱϠฉഇјώ̶ ژĂͽഴҲ၆ޙ ۏٙၹј۞ᒖဩ̈́јώᇆᜩĄ ̍रΞ࿅˞ྋፋ࣎ޙ ۞ۏϠฉഇ Ăଂ҃πᏊൺഇ۞ؕܐјώ̈́ᒖ ဩᇆᜩĞనࢍᄃޙౄğĂͽ̈́ܜᅈ۞ᜈјώ̈́ᒖဩᇆᜩĞྻү̈́עٵğĄ ٺፋ࣎ޙϠฉഇ̚Ăຽֹ̈́ϡ۰Ξͽ྿זĈ • • • • ֳϡઉϠ߿̈́̍үᒖဩć ഴ͌ਕăϡͪ̈́ޙۏՄफ़۞ֹϡć ഴ͌۩ঈăͪ̈́˿гѳߖćͽ̈́ ༼࠷дྻү̈́ܲዳٙܛ۞܅Ą ࢶ പޙᒖဩෞҤڱ Hong Kong Building Environmental Assessment Method (HK-BEAM) ࢶപޙۏᒖဩෞҤ࣎˘ߏ ڱҋᙸّણᄃ۞ქҒޙۏᇾចࢍထĂўд ೩࣍ઉ ăड़த ̈́Ξᜈ൴ण̝ޙ ۏĄෞҤົ੫၆ޙ̝ۏፋ࣎Ϡ ฉഇĂΒ߁ నࢍ ă ޙౄ ă ྻү ̈́ გந ۞ᇾү҂ᇋĄۡҌனॡࠎ ͤĂώപ̏ѣ 63-111࣎छल̈́ 81ळથຽ̂ງăથಞăۤડ͕̈́̚кϡ ሁцᒔࢶപޙᒖဩෞҤ̝ڱქҒޙۏᇾចĄ HK-BEAM is Hong Kong's voluntary green building labeling scheme to promote more healthy, efficient and environmentally sustainable buildings. Premises are assessed to the highest standards across their whole life cycle of planning, design, construction, operation and management. Over 52,000 homes and 70 office towers, shopping malls, community and mixeduse buildings have so far achieved the HK-BEAM green building label. Across the whole life cycle of their buildings, the property owners and users can: Engineers have adopted HK-BEAM and Life Cycle Costing to minimise the adverse environmental and costing impacts of buildings. • enjoy a healthy living and working environment; • reduce energy, water and building material use; • cause less pollution to the air, water and land; and • save money in operation and maintenance. Engineers look at the whole life cycle of buildings so that they can balance initial costs and environmental impacts in the short term (design & construction) with ongoing costs and environmental impacts in the long term (operational life & demolition). Life Cycle Costing ͔ϡ ϠฉഇෞҤ ўдഴҲт Бື̼ ඈЯᒖဩ צຫ҃ጱ۞ܜᅈᇆᜩĄ఼࿅͔ϡϠฉഇјώ ᒖဩᇆᜩјώ ̶ڱژĂ̍रΞଯზϤޙုۏֽٙ۞ Environmental + Cost Impacts ͚јώĄ ዋ༊ᏴϡޙՄफ़̈́ᑕϡਕड़ৈ۞ үຽրĂѣӄഴ͌ϠயޙՄफ़ٙᅮ ۞ វਕ̈́ೈᒖਕ ۞ֹϡĄ Life Cycle Assessment is used to minimise ̰உਕ Embodied Energy ᒖဩᇆᜩјώ Environmental + Cost Impacts ̰உਕ Embodied Energy ̰உਕ Embodied Energy ᒖဩᇆᜩјώ Environmental + Cost Impacts ྻҖਕ Recurrent Energy in System, etc யݡϠயྻᏮ Product Manufacture and Transportation ޙౄ྅࣒ Construction and Fitting Out ྻҖ̈́ܲዳ Operation and Maintenance ̰உਕ Embodied Energy ᒖဩᇆᜩјώ Environmental + Cost Impacts environmental harm that causes long-term effects such as global warming, while through Life Cycle Costing, engineers produce an expenditure profile over a building's lift span. Appropriate selection of building materials and adoption of energy efficient systems can help to minimise "embodied energy" which measures the amount of energy needed to produce building materials and reduce recurrent energy use. ᒖဩᇆᜩјώ Environmental + Cost Impacts ᖙາ̈́עٵ Renovation and Demolition ࣧफ़ฟ൴ᔉཉ Raw Material Acquisition ອᚰĞӈϠğ Cradle (i.e. Birth) ᆨဪĞӈѪ˸ğ Grave (i.e. Death) ϠฉഇෞҤ̈́јώໄه Concept of Life Cycle Assessment and Costing !Eco-friendly Buildings for Better Living Ϡ ฉഇјώ̶ژ ᒖ ܲ ޙ ຍ ه ౹ ޙ щ ځ ͇ ΞᜈّෞҤ Sustainability Assessment )J* ఢထ!QMBOOJOH )JJ* నࢍ!EFTJHO Ć ෞҤޙ۞ۏనࢍ Evaluate Building Designs ົ al ۤ iet c So En ᒖ vi ဩ ro nm en t Ć ෞҤᏴӬ͞९ Evaluate Site Options )JJJ* ޙౄ!DPOTUSVDUJPO )JW* ྻү!PQFSBUJPO ĆྫྷซෞҤ̍Ξᜈّ۞൴ण Monitor Progress Towards Sustainability e rc ྤ ou es ҋ ral R tu Na Ec གྷ on ᑻ om ic Ć ᄃΞᜈّ۞ϫᇾүͧྵ Evaluate Against Objectives Ξᜈ൴णีϫෞҤࡁտѣӄีϫдՙඉล͔߱ˢΞᜈ൴ण۞Я৵Ą࣎͞ڱҋ3111ѐ̏ޢ၁ኹдк࣎ ̙Т۞ีϫ̚Ă֭ᙋځдඉထ̈́ޙనࢍ˯ਕБࢬΐˢາ̮৵Ą SPeARTM (Sustainable Project Appraisal Routine) as a decision-support methodology to facilitate the incorporation of sustainability issues into a decision-making process. ᚯထᎸޏݭ̂ޙц൴णีϫॡᅮࢋଂк͞ࢬү ΞᜈّෞҤ Ą̍र఼࿅кีዋЪ۞ΞᜈّෞҤࢍထ၆ҝޏ൴ण ۞ΞᜈّΐͽෞҤĂ͔֭ϡۤົăགྷᑻͽҌᒖဩ͇̈́ྤᇾෞҤޙٺۏనࢍăޙౄ̈́ྻүˬ͞ࢬ۞ΞᜈّĄ Many factors are considered in assessing the sustainability of a building development. Schemes are in place to help engineers to evaluate the sustainability of housing developments. Social and economic indicators as well as environmental and natural resources indicators are considered in design, construction and operation stages of the buildings. ᒖဩ Environment ҋྤ Natural Resource ۤົ Societal གྷᑻ Economic ਕ ޙۏफ़ ͗γጠࢰ ഀ៍̈́ෛᛇ Ϲ఼ྻᏮ۞Ᏼፄ ᗁᒚ͕̚ གྷᑻаಡ ҝޏፉਕ˧ Ϡۏкᇹ̼ ̼͛ய ̰ވጠࢰ ͗γ۩ঈኳ৵ Ѓยऎሄన߉ ઃ֘ಞֻᑕ Ϡயјώ ώгಶຽଐڶ ͪ ᆿۏ ̈ঈ࣏ ۩̰۩ঈኳ৵ ҝޏᒖဩ ᜕ҁ͕̚ ̳ВϹ఼న߉ ̳В۩ม ρ͕̚ Energy Biodiversity Water Construction Material Cultural Heritage Waste Outdoor Noise Indoor Noise Microclimate Landscape and Visual Outdoor Air Quality Indoor Air Quality Transportation Alternatives Leisure & Recreational Services Living Condition Open Space Health Care Centre Carpark Provision Elderly Care Centre Child Care Centre Economic Return Life Cycle Costing Public Transport System Housing Affordability Local Employment !Eco-friendly Buildings for Better Living Ξᜈҝш൴णࢍ൪ෞҤ۞αᙷᇾ Indicators for Sustainable Housing Development ᒖ ܲ ޙ ຍ ه ౹ ޙ щ ځ ͇ Ξᜈޙ!ů!నࢍ Sustainable Buildings – Design Ѝ͉วਕ൴ր චϡ͉วਕ Photovoltaic Cell System ड़ਕ̈́ᒖܲనࢍ Energy-efficient and Environmentalresponsive Design Utilisation of solar energy ዌวڕ ዌวڕд͟มวЍԶडซˢ̰ވ Light Shelves / Shading Shading device configured to allow better daylight distribution into rooms ळШ ̂ງळШႽפঔഀ֭ഴ͌ ШڌҘࢬ۞γᒒࢬ᎕ Orientation Building is orientated to maximise harbour view with minimal east and west facing façades ޏ͇ චϡঈ߹ड़ڍ྿זҋ఼ࢲ Sky Court Utilisation of stack effect to facilitate air movement જၗγᒒր ࠟሬ၌ᒒӵᆸ̝มѣҽࢲ߹఼Ă౯ ЍޘҲӛሤณ۞ड़ڍ Active Façade System Utilisation of clear glass to achieve maximum transparency and solar control ქ̼ޏ ޏქ̼Ξᆧૻሤ̈́ዌวΑड़ ዌว̈́ڕЍѺཧᘧ ड़ਕዌว྅ཉΞ΄ڌҘࢬ ळШѣྵр៍ഀ Horizontal Sunbreakers with Internal Preforated Blind Most effective shading device for west / east facing façade while maintaining maximum view Landscape Roof Vegetation for better natural evaporative and solar insulation ᗕᆸࠟሬ၌ᒒγཉዌวڕѣड़г ഴҲӛሤณͽܲ۩አ༼ਕड़ڍ Double skin façade and external shading device to reduce solar gain ქҒޙనࢍਕഴ͌၆гҋྤ ۞ᅮՐĄ̍रҲਕਈநه ၈າࡊԫइˢޙזనࢍ࿅̚Ą ࣇ۞నࢍд႕֖ϡ͕͗֗ઉ නዋᅮՐ۞ТॡĂഴ͌၆ᒖဩ۞ᇆ ᜩĂٙଳ۞פᐹ̼ඉரΒ߁ċ Outdoor Environment ҋ఼ࢲঈ࣏ć ҋଳЍᄃෛᛇනዋّć ͉วᏬडଠטćͽ̈́ ༼ਕրĄ ̰ ވᒖဩ to less demand on the earth's natural resources. Engineers bring the concepts of low energy consumption and advanced technologies into building design. They design sustainable buildings to meet the occupants' health and comfort needs and reduce environmental impact by optimising the following environmental issues: • natural ventilation and microclimate; • natural daylighting and visual comfort; • solar control; and • energy efficient system. Indoor Environment Ҳᆸ఼ࢲ˾೩Җˠ۞නዋޘ Low Level Opening Enhances Pedestrian Wind Comfort ၆߹఼ࢲనࢍ೩఼ࢲਕ˧ Cross Ventilation Design Enhances Air Circulation ۩̚܅నࢍᆧૻ۩ঈ߹఼ ҋଳЍ೩ෛᛇනዋޘ Massing Opening to Enhance Wind Penetration Natural Daylight Enhances Visual Comfort ཝࢍზ߹វજ˧ሀᑢ఼ࢲঈ߹ Applications of Computational Fluid Dynamics in Airflow Simulation ᒖ ܲ ޙ ຍ ه ౹ ޙ щ ځ ͇ !Eco-friendly Buildings for Better Living • • • • ވγᒖဩ Sustainable Building design can contribute Ξᜈޙ!ů!ޙౄ Sustainable Buildings – Construction д҂ᇋΞᜈޙፋ វٙᅮॡĂޙ۞ۏ Ξޙౄّ ࠎࢦࢋ҂ᇋ ۞Я৵Ăͽቁܲ߉̍ ᎸޙᖎٽĄ ̍͞९тᄦ ІĂ̍ٺгγޙౄ Ї́ᒒგֹົߗ͚ې Ꮈޙ࿅ՀࠎᖎٽĂՀ ड़தĄֱඉரѣӄ ഴ͌ޙᆿफ़ ̈́ ߉̍ॡ ม Ă Լචޙౄኳ৵ Ă Т ॡ ഴ͌၆ᒖဩ۞ᇆᜩ Ą Buildability is an important element in the overall requirements of sustainable building construction, enabling the building to be constructed with ease. Engineering methods such as pre-fabrication and offsite construction of modules, walls and tubular columns, enable easier and efficient construction. These strategies help to reduce construction waste, time taken to build, improve construction quality and minimise the impact to the environment. ၈າޙԫఙഴ͌̍ٺг۞ᓜॡ྅ಷ̍Ԕ ͢Մ۞ֹϡ҃ᅮລഝ New construction technology minimise in-site temporary works and timber use and eliminate scaffolding д྅ಷ̚۞Іޙ Modular Construction ᄦޙІ Pre-fabrication of Building Module ᄦߗഴ͌၆ᒖဩᇆᜩ Off-site construction tubular column reduces environmental impact Ξᜈޙ!ů!ྻү ΞГϠਕᑕϡ Sustainable Buildings – Operation Use of Renewable Energy Operation of building consumes enormous energy and material, and produces domestic waste which impacts the environment. Engineers have considered measures to reduce such environmental impact, which include: • ଳϡംਕޙგநր Ⴞෛგந ޙਈਕăঐ֨ͽ̈́ܲщրć • adopting Intelligent Building Management to monitor and supervise all building energy, fire and safety services; • ଳϡҋજӰаќրќะӰ Ă Ӏϡދᑅ˧टጡќะĂঐੵ၆ಛ ̳Вડા۞ᒖဩᇆᜩćͽ̈́ • ޙะјրӀϡΞГϠਕ Ăּ т͉วਕࢲਕĂ̈́ͪܥаќГϡĄ • using Automatic Refuse Collection System to collect refuse by concealed pressurisation system, eliminating environmental impact to surrounding communal areas; and ͉วਕЍЄڕր Photovoltaic (PV) System • harnessing renewable energy such as solar and wind rainwater recycling by building integrated systems. ਕਈგந ᆿۏந Energy Management Waste Management ംਕሁцგந ᆿۏҋજаќր ็ᆿۏந Intelligent Building Management Automatic Refuse Collection System Traditional Waste Management !Eco-friendly Buildings for Better Living ޙۏдྻү̚ঐਈ̂ณ۞ਕՄफ़Ă ТॡயϠ̂ณ۞Ϡ߿ӰĂ၆ᒖဩயϠᚑ ࢦᇆᜩĄ̍र̏གྷ೩˘ֱନ߉ֽഴ͌ ֱᇆᜩĂΒ߁ċ ᒖ ܲ ޙ ຍ ه ౹ ޙ щ ځ ͇ ˝ᐷ៉፟̍ཌᓁొ EMSD Headquarters in Kowloon Bay నޙٺ͉۞ۏวਕ ЍЄڕր Building Integrated Photovoltaic System ݈˝ᐷ៉ࢶപ˟ཱི۩ྻఱ৭ ݈˝ᐷ៉ࢶപ˟ཱི۩ྻఱ৭̰ᄻ ͉วଳЍጱგ City Remains Ex-HACT II Building Ex-HACT II Building - Inside View Sunpipes ፟̍ཌ۞າᓁొߏΞᜈޙ൴ण ̈́ᑕϡΞГϠྤ ۞ּ̄ĄྍᓁొϤߊѣޙۏĞ݈֗ࠎ˝ᐷ៉ࢶപ˟ཱི۩ ྻఱ৭ğᅮࢋүዋ༊ඕၹԼౄԼ҃ޙјĄ ˛ᆸ۞̂ሁଳϡ ᕭࡓγቢࠟሬ̈́ᚙ߄ Ă͇֭ٺέన ཉ ͉วਕЍЄڕր Ăͽଠֹ̈́טϡวЍडĄ̂ሁ ଳϡ၈າր ѳͪೈᒖГϡ̂ٺງ՞ೂր ĂΩ̂ ງγᒒкࠎฟٸёనࢍĂͽ೩ֻ۩ঈ၆߹۞ ҋ఼ࢲ ᒖ ဩ̟̍ಞ۞ሁᆸĄѩγĂ̂ሁଳϡ ΞГϠਕྻү Ą ҋ఼ࢲᒖဩ̟̍ಞ۞ሁᆸ Natural Cross Ventilation to Workshop Floors The new headquarters of the Electrical and Mechanical Services Department is an example of sustainable building development and use of renewable resources. It was converted from an existing facility - the Hong Kong Air Cargo Terminal II Building in Kowloon Bay. Suitable modifications were made to the structure. The seven-storey building uses infra-red reduction glass and overhang, as well as photovoltaic system on the roof to control and use the sun's rays. New technology was deployed to recycle grey water for flushing, while existing façade openings in the building were used for natural ventilation to the workshop floors. Moreover, renewable energy is used for the operation of the building. !Eco-friendly Buildings for Better Living ᖞ፟ಞӬ ᒖ ܲ ޙ ຍ ه ౹ ޙ щ ځ ͇ ઉሁц ᚑ ࢦާّײӛຏߖ 0ݭܧ۱ۆᗓঽٗ۩ঈ߹જീྏ Ventilation Study of SARS Isolation Wards Healthy Building 3114ѐٺ̂܅ᘕ൴۞ݭܧ۱ࢦۆ າؠۺሁц̈́ઉϠ߿ᒖဩ۞ࢦࢋّĄ 3114ѐâฤຽ̍रјԩ)!̀ۆTBST!Cvtufst*Ăྻϡ ܝԫఙۢᙊᑢؠѣड़۞ְ߇ᑕតඉரĂͽᑢ͞ёనࢍᑕϡٺᚑࢦ ާّײӛຏߖ0ݭܧ۱ۆᗓঽٗ۞၈າ఼ࢲրĄ In 2003, a team of professional engineers, the SARS-Busters, produced virtual design of new air-conditioning system, employed in a SARS isolation ward, as an initiative to contribute their expertise for an effective contingency measure. ̍ र న ࢍ ѣ ड़ ۞ ନ ߉ ܲᅪˠࣇ၆ઉ ۞ࢋՐ Ă၆ޙ۞ۏΞᜈّߏܧ૱ ࢦࢋ۞Ă҃ঐੵሕдП፟̈́ቁܲ̍ү̈́ Ϡ߿ᒖဩ۞щБߏТᇹࢦࢋĄ The SARS epidemic at Amoy Gardens in 2003 underlines the importance of a healthy living environment. Engineers devise effective measures to safeguard the health and hygiene requirements , which are important to the sustainability of buildings. It is also important to ensure that the potential hazard is removed and the working and living condition is safe. ീྏވሀݭ ཝࢍზ߹វજ˧ጯീྏ Mock-up Test Chamber Computational Fluid Dynamics Study ۩̰ވঈኳ৵ րనࢍ Indoor Air Quality System Design Ϡ۞ѳͪրనࢍ Healthy Drainage Design నࢍቁܲ۩̰ވঈኳ৵ ዋ༊۞ҽݒೈᒖͪநͽ ֨ͤੜЁˠা Design and Monitoring of Indoor Air Quality Water Treatment for Cooling Tower to Prevent Legionnaires' Disease ᆀᔁ Acknowledgements ٚᄋͽ˭፟ၹ೩ֻྤफ़ĂֹώΏۏਕึӀۍĂপѩᆀᔁĄ We would like to acknowledge the support and contribution of the following organisations in providing valuable input for the booklet. Ⴂྺҋ᜕நཌ Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department Ѡ͟ะဥ Glorious Sun Holdings Ltd ޙཌ Architectural Services Department ྮ߆ཌ Highways Department ޏцཌ Buildings Department םᎸޙѣࢨ̳Φ Hip Hing Construction Ltd ˿̍͢٤णཌ Civil Engineering and Development Department ࢶപཉгะဥѣࢨ̳Φ Hongkong Land Ltd Central Waterfront Property Project Co Ltd ٗޏཌ Housing Department റચཌ Drainage Services Department ፟̍ཌ Electrical and Mechanical Services Department ᒖဩ᜕ܲཌ Environmental Protection Department ޙܝܛѣࢨ̳Φ Gammon Construction Ltd ฮৼ̍ᜪય Ove Arup & Partners Hong Kong Ltd ధՂᚑޙरѣࢨ̳Φ Rocco Design Ltd ࢶപᒖܲޙጯົ The HK-BEAM Society ࢶപ፶ѣࢨ̳Φ The Hongkong Electric Co Ltd ࢶപ̂ጯ፟ୠ̍ր The University of Hong Kong – Department of Mechanical Engineering +!ࡻ͛фϓଵԔ!In alphabetical order ᆀᔁ Acknowledgements ٚᄋͽ˭፟ၹ͚̈́ᙒӄĂֹώΏۏਕึӀۍĂপѩᆀᔁĄ We would like to thank the following organisations for their sponsorship and enthusiasm towards the production of the booklet. ̚ර˧ѣࢨ̳Φ CLP Power Hong Kong Ltd ِ፟ጡ Jardine Engineering Corporation ᖃޙĞֲ߷ğѣࢨ̳Φ Leighton Contractors (Asia) Ltd ABB (Hong Kong) Ltd ܠপܛᜪયѣࢨ̳Φ Atkins China Ltd Ѻ๔ޙѣࢨ̳Φ Barbican Construction Co Ltd ᚗՠ֘Ğࢶപğѣࢨ̳Φ BMW Concessionaries (HK) Ltd ِৈ̍ѣࢨ̳Φ Excel Engineering Co Ltd ࢶപຽିֈጯੰเҹᚮ̶७ IVE (Haking Wong) ฮৼ̍ᜪય Ove Arup & Partners Hong Kong Ltd າࢶപѣࢨ̳Φ Shinryo (Hong Kong) Ltd +!ࡻ͛фϓଵԔ!In alphabetical order ࢶപந̍̂ጯޙన̈́г߆ጯੰ The Hong Kong Polytechnic University - Faculty of Construction and Land Use ࢶപந̍̂ጯ̍ጯੰ The Hong Kong Polytechnic University - Faculty of Engineering ࢶപ̂ጯ̍ጯੰ The University of Hong Kong - Faculty of Engineering ࢶപ͛̂̚ጯ̍ጯੰ The Chinese University of Hong Kong - Faculty of Engineering ࢶപ̚රঈѣࢨ̳Φ The Hong Kong and China Gas Co Ltd ࢶപந̍̂ጯޙ̈́ٗгயጯր The Hong Kong Polytechnic University - Department of Building & Real Estate ࢶപந̍̂ጯ̄ࢍზጯր The Hong Kong Polytechnic University - Department of Computing ࢶപந̍̂ጯ˿гീณ̈́гநྤੈጯր The Hong Kong Polytechnic University - Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics ౘྻဦ̍ᜪયѣࢨ̳Φ W T Chan & Associates Ltd ࡊซࢶപѣࢨ̳Φ WSP Hong Kong Ltd ;/,/65.2 65. 763@;,*/50*<50=,9:0;@ ࢶപந̍̂ጯ DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING & REAL ESTATE ޙ̈́ٗ г ய ጯ ր ;/,/65.2 65. ;/,/65.2 65. 763@;,*/50*<50=,9:0;@ ࢶപந̍̂ጯ 763@;,*/50*<50=,9:0;@ ࢶപந̍̂ጯ FACULTY OF CONSTRUCTION AND LAND USE ِ፟ጡ Jardine Engineering Corporation ޙన̈́г߆ጯੰ ᖃޙĞֲ߷ğѣࢨ̳Φ Leighton Contractors (Asia) Ltd SHINRYO (HONG KONG) LIMITED າࢶപѣࢨ̳Φ ;/,/65.2 65. 763@;,*/50*<50=,9:0;@ ࢶപந̍̂ጯ DEPARTMENT OF LAND SURVEYING & GEO-INFORMATICS ˿гീณ̈́гநྤੈጯր FACULTY OF ENGINEERING ̍ጯੰ ࢶപ̂ጯ̍ጯੰ Faculty of Engineering The University of Hong Kong www.hkie.org.hk ࢶപᅚ៤៉Ӏҥූڼ1ཱིܛѺӀ 9фሁ 9/F Island Beverley, No 1 Great George Street, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong ྖ Tel +852 2895 4446 ็ৌ Fax +852 2577 7791 [email protected] ώΏڵ֑̂ͽۏግᒖܲГౄ৽ૺОᄦĄ The booklet is printed with soy ink on recycled paper. ISBN-13: 978-962-76192-4-6 ISBN-10: 962-76192-4-8
