Structuring Life Sciences Deals: Supplemental Materials
Transcription
Structuring Life Sciences Deals: Supplemental Materials
The Strategic & Legal Implications Using M&A / Transaction Liability Insurance Solutions Michael J. Schoenbach, CPA Managing Director Aon Transaction Solutions 199 Water Street New York, NY 10038 Office: (212) 441-2337 Cell: (917) 370-2899 [email protected] October 23,2014 Aon Transaction Solutions (ATS) Largest Global Network of Resources and Capabilities Total 2013 Revenue by Geography APAC, 10% EMEA, 20% US, 47% UK, 13% Americas (excl. US), 10% Aon presence in over 120 countries with more than 500 offices HR Solutions Risk Solutions 2 Place more than $110 billion of premium flow World-class brand recognition Unparalleled market insight and data Strongest technology platform Substantial relationships across large corporate and middle market Deepest analytic expertise Serve half of the Fortune 500 Integrated capital markets solutions Administer benefits for more than 23 million participants around the globe ~30,000 colleagues globally ~30,000 colleagues globally Proprietary & Confidential Executive Summary Insurance is cheap capital: • Lower ROR requirements combined with spreading of risk • Favorable loss experience has contributed to competitive terms and conditions , plus pressure from brokers and lawyers • Policy wording is straightforward; claims are paid promptly • Tax is easy to underwrite ; virtually no exclusions. R&W coverage follows the SPA. Litigation takes the most time. Insurers are all staffed by former M+A or Tax Lawyers; all work around the clock on “deal time” • Same for Aon TL team; our staff is larger than all Underwriters. • Team growing to 18 nationally; includes Tax and M&A lawyers, Distressed Debt Investor, and a CPA. We are creative problem solvers using insurance as a quick, cost-effective solution to provide economic certainty and transfer risk: • Clients include PE, HF, VC, and large corporations (references attached). • Lawyers and Bankers often open the door; goal is to help you win. Take-Up rate for our products has soared: • Positive “perfect storm” of lower cost, quality coverage and quick service have created significant demand. Proprietary & Confidential 3 Transaction Liability (TL) Insurance Products & Solutions Cost is expressed as a % of the insurance policy limit purchased; all cost is a one-time premium paid at closing (i.e., 3% x $30M limit = $900,000) Product Description | General Price Range Impact on Negotiations & General Pricing Representations & Warranties (R&W) Buyer policy protects the buyer against loss from unknown breaches - Increase speed of deal of R&W including F/S, which are discovered post-close (or post-signing - Favorably impact auctions if structured accordingly). Can extend scope / duration of seller - Minimize escrow / indemnity caps indemnity. Seller policies provide backstop to seller indemnification. - Extend survival of seller indemnity - Facilitate clean exit / earlier distribution Price Range: 3% - 4% - Provide credit worthy protection Tax Indemnity; Tax Credits Alternative to Private Letter Ruling (PLR); protects insured from - Improve execution by bridging the discount a buyer may adverse ruling by IRS or relevant taxing authority regarding anticipated put on an issue versus a seller tax treatment of a given transaction or issue. Covers tax, interest, - Can cover 338(h)(10) elections*, NOLs, 355(e)**, transfer penalties, contest costs & gross up. pricing, sale of REIT shares, real estate issues, cross border issues, etc. - No tax opinion needed, though helpful to have Price Range: 4% +/- Litigation / Contingent Liability Provides certainty via a “box” or “ring fence” around existing or likely litigation to protect insured against catastrophic loss that exceeds the / Fraudulent Conveyance expected loss amount. Price Range: Varies by subject (Litigation 8-10%) Environmental Liability - Improve execution by bridging the discount a buyer may put on an issue versus a seller - Can function as “signaling capital” - Critical issue is the attachment point Can provide “stop loss” protection by capping expected or unexpected - Improve execution by bridging the valuation a buyer may costs of clean-up and/or transferring legal liability and title of real put on an issue versus a seller estate through asset divestiture program. Enhances R&W coverage - Enhance seller position by eliminating “bad” assets preregarding scheduled, non-actionable disclosures. transaction to create a “good” asset sale - Enhance buyer leverage by taking on “bad” assets at a Price Range: Varies by assessed exposure discount greater than intrinsic liability; possible arbitrage opportunities * 338(h)(10) permits taxpayers to achieve the tax benefits of an asset sale while structuring the transaction as a stock sale. ** 355(e) imposes tax upon an otherwise tax-free spin-off distribution if there is a 50% or greater acquisition of the stock of either the spinning corp or spun corporation. Proprietary & Confidential 4 The Competitive Dynamics of Introducing Transaction Liability Solutions As a “First Mover” Buyer Introduces First Buyer 1 (requires escrow / indemnity) Buyer 1 (requires escrow / indemnity) Buyer 3 (uses R&W Solution) Proprietary & Confidential Buyer 1 Buyer 2 Wins Auction Buyer 4 (requires escrow / indemnity) • Seller Introduces First Seller (builds R&W into the offering) Buyer 3 Seller Buyer 4 Buyer 5 (requires escrow / indemnity) If a single buyer in an auction process is the first, and only, potential buyer to introduce the concept it can accomplish the following: – Shut down the auction early as the buyer can accept the seller’s reps as is, knowing insurance is in place – Arbitrage the cost of insurance against the seller’s desire for a clean exit – Achieve a lower purchase price Buyer 5 • • • If a seller introduces the concept as part of an auction process to multiple buyers, the seller can potentially mitigate any “discount” that a buyer hopes to achieve, and also obtain a clean exit Seller can minimize escrows and indemnity caps Seller R&W insurance can be a fall back when buyer demands a traditional escrow and indemnity 5 Buyer Uses R&W Insurance Policy; Reduces Purchase Price Purchase Price Before Insurance ($1,000,000,000) Purchase Price After Insurance ($975,000,000) Situation A US private equity fund was purchasing a manufacturer for approximately $1 billion +/- Aon approached the fund about replacing a portion of the escrow/indemnity cap with Buyer-Side R&W insurance hoping that the fund would obtain a purchase price adjustment in the fund’s favor Solution $900M $952M $100M Escrow / Indemnity Cap Proprietary & Confidential $3M Premium $20M Escrow Within deal timeframe, Aon negotiated and placed Buyer-Side R&W policy for $80 million excess of a $20M retention/deductible that provided coverage broader than the seller indemnity for <$3M of premium In addition, the policy period extended for a full 6 years for all R&W, the retention/deductible was reduced to $4M after 18 months, in tandem with the release of the escrow to seller The fund negotiated a purchase price reduction that far exceeded the cost of the insurance $80M R&W Protection 6 Seller Uses “Stapled Insurance Package”; Minimizes Escrow & Indemnity Hypothetical w/o Insurance ($400,000,000) Sale Price with Insurance ($400,000,000) Situation A US private equity firm was preparing to sell a $400M manufacturing company through an auction process The target was the last of 15 divestitures of a holding company, and had numerous hanging indemnities from past sales, plus tax (NOLs) and environmental issues Seller desired to effect the sale on an “as is” basis and have no surviving indemnities or escrow post-closing Solution $360M (proceeds at closing) $396M (proceeds at closing) Before the auction began, Aon structured and obtained quotes for a package of reps and warranties, tax and environmental insurance in favor of Buyer Bidders were told to work with Aon and Seller made it known that it would provide no indemnities The R&W policy covered hanging liabilities from prior transactions and reps related to the current transaction The SPA had no survival and provided a credit against purchase price for the insurance cost (1% of transaction value) Seller achieved more bids and a better sale price than anticipated; the added benefit was that by the insurers’ vetting of these risks, the buyer side due diligence process was much smoother, simpler and contributed to the successful auction $40M Escrow (10% assumed) Proprietary & Confidential $4M Premium $40M R&W Protection 7 Tax Insurance – Buyer-side Cross Border Acquisition Structure Proposed By Seller (see note below) Final Structure with Insurance Situation US private equity fund was considering the purchase of a US company with operations in the UK and Europe Buyer wanted to rationalize the complex, cross border corporate structure and planned to reorganize in a manner that would be tax free in the UK Seller refused to indemnify Buyer for this risk; Buyer was reluctant to proceed due to the magnitude of the risk (120% of equity invested) Solution $395M $400M A tax opinion policy [£75M (US$150M)] was used to insure against an HMRC challenge above a nil retention The term of coverage was an 8-year period, including the statute of limitations plus a 1 year statutory waiting period required for the tax benefit The cost of the insurance was $10M (2.5% of transaction value); Seller paid 50% of the premium Three difficulties that were overcome in placing the insurance: ― No written advisor work product; ― 12-month waiting period before reorganization could be completed ,requiring extended policy term; and $150M Un-indemnified Tax Exposure $150M Tax Protection $5M Premium Note: Buyer was not going to close without insurance in place due to magnitude of exposure Proprietary & Confidential ― Extreme pressure for a timely close by seller 8 Fraudulent Conveyance Capital Structure At Close $350,000,000 Capital Structure Post Distribution $320,000,000 Situation $300M Loan $300M Loan PE firm acquires a publicly traded company (Target) through a tender offer financed by a $300M loan (Loan) and a $50M equity investment by the PE firm After completion of the tender offer, PE firm’s acquisition sub and the target merge; additional debt financing is used to effect the merger Following the merger, Target distributes $30M to the PE firm The PE firm’s financial advisor provided a solvency opinion with respect to the proposed transaction Solution $50M Equity An insurance policy is arranged that covers the PE firm against claims by a third party alleging fraudulent or preferential transfer or other avoidance action under Federal or State law $50M policy; $1M retention; 6 year policy period $20M Equity Note: Dividend of $30M paid to PE firm at closing Proprietary & Confidential 9 Litigation Buyout (TPG / Oxford Health Plans) Note: Insurance purchase was publicly disclosed Situation New LBP SIR (self-insured retention) Existing D&O Limits $200M Solution $125M $50M (4 layers) Proprietary & Confidential Prior to acquisition, market cap declined by $3.5 billion in one day as a result of class action suits that were filed, alleging insider trading and a potential restatement of earnings Oxford only had $50M in existing D&O coverage, all of which was expected to “burn” in defense costs Objective was to: – “Cap” exposure and provide financial certainty – Favorably impact ability to refinance debt – Provide leverage against plaintiff – Allow management to focus on operations and to comfort regulators Purchased $200M in new coverage with an SIR & coinsurance (see striped area) designed to maintain proper incentives Wall Street pushed up stock to $44 from $11 in 1 year plus Oxford successfully refinanced bank debt (note: CSFB analyst reported “poison pill removed from stock; new insurance a big plus”) - Wall Street, regulators, doctors, etc., all appeared to be satisfied with the litigation buyout policy Insurance “vetted” potential damages and helped solve perception issues among customers, doctors, shareholders, Wall Street, etc. Claim ultimately settled 4 years later for $300+ million, i.e., insurers paid claims 10 Successor Liability (SL) – Legacy Products Liability Concerns Structure Proposed By Seller $49,000,000 Final Structure with Insurance $49,000,000 Situation $44.7M $42.6M No Surviving Indemnity for Legacy Products Liability Japanese company buying the US subsidiary of a Chinese parent with Seller retaining pre-closing liabilities Buyer was worried that the $4.3M escrow was insufficient given the Seller financials, historic losses, amount of product in the stream of commerce and the Buyer’s difficulty in obtaining necessary information during diligence, plus “existing liability claims” Seller refused to indemnify Buyer for this risk; Buyer was reluctant to proceed due to the perceived risk (>50% of purchase price) Solution $25M Legacy Products Liability Protection $2.1M Premium $4.3M Escrow $4.3M Escrow A Successor Liability (SL) policy was purchased to back stop the obligations of the Seller and its insurers ensuring the Buyer would not be out of pocket The term of coverage was for a five year, claims made policy, with full prior acts coverage - $25M Legacy Products Liability Policy with $250K / claim and $500K aggregate deductibles The one-time premium was $2.1M (4.3% of transaction value) Note: Seller only willing to expose the escrow to legacy products liability losses 11 Proprietary & Confidential Legacy Environmental Liability Solution A Fortune 250 company owned a property along the Hudson River in NJ for 50 years It was originally a manufacturing facility but subsequently used as an R&D facility The property had a number of known pollution conditions – 3 nearby superfund sites and potential natural resource damage liability The seller sold the property “as is” with all environmental liability being assumed by the buyer; the seller required the buyer to purchase “blended” combined coverage to assure funding and completion of clean up, no overruns and no legacy liabilities The seller was named as an “additional insured” The policy has a $20 million limit and a 15 year term; the premium was $4.7 million ($3 million related to known cleanup and $1.7 million related to clean-up cost cap and pollution liability) This ultimately allowed the Seller to successfully exit and close Proprietary & Confidential 12 Appendix 1. Transaction Liability Check List – Engaging AON 2. How Buy-Side/Sell-Side R&W Insurance Can Influence Escrow, Indemnity and Purchase Price 3. References 4. Aon Bios & Contact Information Proprietary & Confidential 13 Transaction Liability Check List: How to Know When to Engage Aon Filters as to whether Transaction Liability Solutions Can Help: If you answer "yes" to any of the below questions, please contact a member of our TL team # R&W 1 Will previous owners stay on as management? 2 Is the deal an auction? 3 Is there an escrow and/or an indemnity cap over $5 million? 4 Is the seller a PE firm and is this one of the last remaining assets of fund? 5 Will reps and warranties not survive closing? (e.g., public to private; bankruptcy)? 6 Is the Indemnifying party a collection risk? (e.g., a trust, a foreign entity) Tax 7 Is there a tax issue the buyer is unwilling to take on without seller indemnification? 8 Are NOLs a major source of value? 9 Was there an attempt to obtain a private letter ruling? Litigation 10 Is there outstanding litigation, that could be material, but has an uncertain outcome? Successor Liabilities 11 Are there known issues that could result in future claims, but where no claims have been brought yet (product liability)? Environmental 12 Are there material environmental liabilities with significant uncertainty as to valuation Benefit and Comp 13 Are there any material deal issues stemming from 409a issues? 14 Are there any material deal issues stemming from Golden Parachute issues? 15 Are there any other health and benefits issues requiring significant additions to the contract indemnification/escrows? Proprietary & Confidential Buy Side Sell Side Yes/No Yes/No Rationale If a breach of reps occurs, the PE firm does not have to sue management R&W insurance can differentiate a bid and more quickly shut the process down The cost of R&W insurance is such that using it to reduce escrow is almost always value accretive Seller will not want to tie up cash versus returning it to its investors Provide reps where none exist Provides more certainty around collection (If a breach of reps occurs, the PE firm does not have to sue management) Insurance allows for a more efficient indemnification structure Can insure the realizability of NOL Tax treatment can be insured, even in the absence of a private letter ruling Provide certainty to a given transaction. If the cost of insurance falls into the range of outcomes, arbitrage is possible Provide certainty to a given transaction If any of these issues are material from a price adjustment perspective or keeping the deal from consummating, engage with the TL team If any of these issues are material from a price adjustment perspective or keeping the deal from consummating, engage with the TL team 14 Sample Illustration: How Buy-side R&W Insurance Can Influence Escrow, Indemnity and Purchase Price Row # Description 1 Total Price from Buyer (excl cost of insurance and value of escrow) 2 Cost of Insurance (Limit (row 6) * Rate (row 10)) 3 Missed Investment Income on Escrow (12% for 2 years) 4 Total Realized Value (incl cost of insurance and missed investment income) 5 Indemnification - either by escrow, deductible or cap (duration 2 years) 5A: Base Case: No R&W Insurance (10% Enterprise Value) 5B: Enhanced Value: With R&W Insurance (1% Enterprise Value) R&W Insurance - Limit (duration up to 6 years) Total Deal "Protection" (Indemnity + Insurance) 6 7 8 9 10 Deal "Protection" as % of Purchase Price Insurance Premium % of Limit Purchased All-In Insurance Cost -% of Limit Purchased Assumptions Purchase Price Assumed cost of capital Indemnification Cap (as a % of purchase price) R&W Limits (as a % of base case purchase price) R&W All in cost (as a % of insurance purchased) Base Case No Insurance $ 1,000 $ $ (25) R&W Match Protection $ 1,000 (2) $ $ (3) $ 975 $ $ 100 $ $ $ - $ 100 $ $ R&W Increase Protection $ 1,000 $ (3) (3) $ 996 $ 994 10 $ 100 $ 110 $ 10 200 210 10% 0.00% 0.00% 11% 1.95% 2.25% 21% 1.66% 1.92% 1,000 $ 15% 10% 0% 0% 1,000 $ 15% 1% 10% 2.25% 1,000 15% 1% 20% 1.92% Comments and Assumptions Deal “protection“ available in the form of escrow, indemnity and R&W insurance Using R&W insurance improves buyer and seller execution by avoiding/reducing escrow and indemnity cap Buyer benefits by getting a lower purchase price and overall protection, i.e., R&W insurance can extend beyond deal terms; can obtain enhanced coverage features like a 6-year policy; insure consequential damages and, possibly, diminution in value, etc. Buyer side policies also will not exclude seller fraud Proprietary & Confidential 15 Sample Illustration: Reps & Warranty Sell-side Deal Economics Row # Calculation 1 Assumed 2 7*10 3 PV calc @20%, 2 yrs Total Price from Buyer (excl cost of insurance and value of escrow) Cost of Insurance Present Value of Escrow Base Case No Insurance 1,000 $ $ (21) $ ($ in million) R&W Match Protection 1,000 $ (6) $ (3) $ R&W Increase Protection $ 1,000 (7) $ (3) $ 4 1+2+3 Total Realized Value (incl cost of insurance and time value of escrow) $ 979 $ 991 $ 990 5 6 7 8 Assumed Assumed Assumed 5+6+7 Escrow (duration 2 years) Indemnity Cap (duration 2 years) R&W Insurance - Limit (duration up to 6 years) Total Deal "Protection" $ $ $ $ 70 $ 80 $ - $ 150 $ 10 $ - $ 140 $ 150 $ 10 180 190 9 10 11 8/3 Assumed 2/4 Deal "Protection" as % of Purchase Price Insurance Cost -% of Limit Purchased Insurance Cost -% of Purchase Price Realized (bps) Assumptions Price ($ millions) Assumed cost of capital Escrow % (as a % of purchase price) Indemnity Cap (as a % of purchase price) R&W Limits (as a % of base case purchase price) R&W Pricing (as a % of insurance purchased) $ 15% 0.00% - 15% 3.95% 56bps 19% 3.75% 68bps 1,000 $ 20% 7% 8% 0% 0% 1,000 $ 20% 1% 0% 14% 3.95% 1,000 20% 1% 0% 18% 3.75% Comments/Assumptions Deal “protection“ available in the form of escrow, indemnity and/or R&W insurance Using R&W insurance improves seller execution by avoiding/reducing escrow and indemnity cap Cheaper insurance capital allows a positive arbitrage when compared to escrow Proprietary & Confidential 16 Engaging on the Buy-side Process Client / advisor obtains access to data room Preliminary valuation / first round bid developed Detailed valuation – final offer Pre-close negotiation Close I-Bank/Financial Sponsor/Strategic Process • Client/advisor reviews data • Identify any material issues • Make additional data room requests as needed • Review data, build initial valuation model • Hold 1-2 additional meetings with the target to better understand data • Determine bid price sufficient to enter next round • Make “go/no-go” decision • In later/final rounds, develop more detailed financial model • Develop view on intrinsic value • Identify and value purchase price adjustments based on analysis and conversation with the deal team lawyers, accountants, other advisors, and the client • Develop base case bid along with sensitivities/scenarios • Develop bid strategy • Dove tail purchase agreement with bid strategy • Finalize bid • Purchase price adjustments • Assumed escrow • Draft of purchase agreement • Near final draft of the purchase agreement • Pricing of R&W coverage and impact on escrow • Assessment of purchase price adjustments that can be mitigated by TL insurance • Input to the strategic decision using TL insurance to shut down the auction process early • Final pricing and policy language ready to execute upon close • Diligence is co-terminus with buyer DD • Close on transaction Information Aon Transaction Solutions (ATS) Team Needs • Communicate detail around key material issues at early stage to influence strategy • Original draft of seller SPA Input ATS Can Provide • Indicative pricing to handle major gating issues Proprietary & Confidential • Executed program 17 Engaging on the Sell-side Process Develop sell strategy Develop and distribute investor memorandum Run auction process Pre-close negotiation Close I-Bank/Financial Sponsor/Strategic Process • Advisor holds discovery session with client • Develop high level sell strategy/identify potential buyers • Identify any material issues that could impact valuation • Solicit bids • Structure purchase agreement – Define escrow requirements – Agree on reps and warranties – Understand liabilities retained vs. sold • Assess and choose from final bids • Finalize purchase agreement • Incorporate transaction liability section into the CIM • Assumed purchase price adjustments made by bidders • Assumed escrow • Draft of purchase agreement • Near final draft of the purchase agreement • If material issues exist, and the clients would like to proactively address them, Aon can develop a full program (pricing, limits, etc.) that will go in effect at execution • Pricing of R&W coverage and impact on escrow • Assessment of purchase price adjustments / reductions that can be mitigated by transferring risk to TL insurers • Final pricing and policy language ready to execute upon close • DD co-terminus with buyer’s process • Develop CIM • Send to targeted buyers • Close on transaction Information Aon Transaction Solutions (ATS) Team Needs • Communicate detail around key material issues at early stage to influence strategy Input ATS Can Provide • Indicative pricing to handle material issues • Insurance in lieu of indemnity cap/escrow Proprietary & Confidential • Execute program 18 References Proprietary & Confidential David Schnabel (Tax) (MJS/GB) Debevoise & Plimpton LLP 919 Third Avenue New York, NY 10022 Tel: 212-909-6336 Email: [email protected] Christopher Lawler (GB) Graham Partners, Inc. 3811 West Chester Pike Building 2, Suite 200 Newton Square, PA 19073 Tel: 610-251-2896 Email: [email protected] Michael Weiner (MJS) ARES Management LLC 1999 Avenue of the Stars Suite 1900 Los Angeles, CA 90067 Tel: 310-201-4140 Email: [email protected] John Monsky (MJS/GB) General Counsel Oak Hill Capital Partners 717 Fifth Avenue, 12th Floor New York, NY 10022 Tel: 212-326-1590 Email: [email protected] David Mace (MH/MJS) GI Partners 2180 Sand Hill Road, Suite 210 Menlo Park, CA 94025 Tel: (650) 233-3604 Email: [email protected] Ariel Deckelbaum (MJS/MH) Paul Weiss Rifkind Wharton & Garrison 1285 Avenue of the Americas New York, NY 10019 Tel: 212-373-3546 Email: [email protected] Richard Bronstein (Tax) MJS/GB) Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP 1285 Avenue of the Americas New York, NY 10019 Tel: 212-373-3744 Email: [email protected] Jordan Bleznick (Tax) (GB) Tax Counsel Icahn Associate Corporation 767 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10153 Tel: 212-702-4314 Email: [email protected] Markus P. Bolsinger (MH) Kirkland & Ellis LLP 601 Lexington Avenue New York, NY 10022-4675 Tel: 212-446-4938 Email: [email protected] Trevor Norwitz (GB) Wachtel, Lipton, Rosen & Katz 51 W. 52nd Street New York, NY 10019 Tel: 212-403-1333 Email: [email protected] David Buss (MJS) DLA Piper 1251 Avenue of the Americas New York, NY 10020-1104 Tel: 212-335-4870 Email: [email protected] Josh Harris MJS/DD) Apollo Management 9 West 57th Street, 43rd Floor New York, NY 10019 Tel: 212-515-3221 Email: [email protected] Chris Lanning (MJS) General Atlantic 55 E. 52nd Street New York, New York 10055 Tel: (212) 715-4000 Email: [email protected] Jeremy Liss (MH/MJS) Kirkland & Ellis LLP 300 North LaSalle Street Chicago, IL 60654 Tel: (312) 862-2286 Email: [email protected] James Head (MJS) Co-Head, M&A Morgan Stanley 1585 Broadway New York, NY 10036 Tel: 212-761-4955 Email: [email protected] Aon Transaction Solutions Team Name Michael J. Schoenbach, CPA North America, Managing Director Office Office Phone # Cell # Email NY (212) 441-2337 (917) 370-2899 [email protected] Michael has been responsible for the creation of new markets for difficult risks as well as the development of new and unique M&A insurance products, i.e., Reps & Warranties, Tax Indemnity Insurance, and Loss Mitigation Insurance. Other duties include negotiation and placement of financial guarantees, credit enhancement, professional liability and lender liability coverage. Michael has 30+ years of experience in financial services and insurance brokerage including financial consulting, litigation support and creation of an underwriting model for a major underwriter of Professional Liability. He began his career with Deloitte & Touche in Boston and New York and previously managed the finance department of a public company. Gary Blitz, Esq. Managing Director NY (212) 441-1106 (301) 704-4640 [email protected] Gary is a leader in the tax and transactional insurance business and throughout his career has played an instrumental role in the development of the insurance products and the growth of the field. Gary joined Aon after a twenty-year legal career at firms, including Mintz Levin and predecessors of DLA Piper and Katten Muchin Rosenman. As leader of the Financial Risks Practice, Gary became a nationally recognized expert in the insurance of financial and transactional risks, such as M&A insurance, insurance programs covering tax and regulatory risks, litigation buyouts, environmental insurance and credit enhancements. Gary also was a founder of ML Insurance Strategies, the insurance brokerage affiliate of Mintz Levin, and Kingswood Group, a tax credit insurance underwriter. Gary began his career as a tax lawyer and acted as legal counsel to U.S., London and international insurers, many of which regularly underwrite financial risks. Today, he advises clients purchasing such insurance programs, and is often called upon to create unique solutions where no “off the shelf” product exists. Matthew Heinz, Esq. Managing Director NY (212) 441-1602 (917) 582-7990 [email protected] Matt joined the ATS team as the National Practice Leader for Reps & Warranties Insurance. He previously worked as a broker in Aon’s Private Equity and Transaction Solutions Group (APETS), which served as a national resource in the private equity space for the broader Financial Services Group. APETS provides services both with respect to management liability and transactional liability products, including General Partner Liability, Representations and Warranty, Tax Liability, Contingent Liability, and Litigation Buyout insurance. Matt began his insurance brokerage career at Aon in 2010. Prior to joining Aon, Matt managed and worked as an underwriter in the Mergers & Acquisitions Insurance Group at AIG. Matt began his professional career as a corporate attorney with Proskauer Rose LLP in New York City, where he worked for over four years before entering the insurance field. Proprietary & Confidential Aon Transaction Solutions Team Name Daniel Schoenberg, Esq. Senior Vice President Office Office Phone # Cell # Email NY (212) 441-2033 (917) 361-3478 [email protected] Dan Schoenberg joined Aon in June 2013. Dan was most recently a Director at Deutsche Bank and served as tax counsel for the bank. Prior to joining Deutsche Bank, Dan was a senior tax associate at the international law firms Fulbright & Jaworski LLP (now Norton Rose Fulbright LLP) and Andrews Kurth LLP. Dan has advised on U.S.-based and European-based acquisitions and divestitures with total values in excess of $15 billion. Representative transactions include Deutsche Bank’s staged acquisition of Deutsche Postbank, a leading global industrial company’s sales of the assets and stock of its U.S. and foreign subsidiaries and Code Section 355 spin-offs, and the shelved 2008 takeover of Bell Canada Enterprises (which would have been the largest leveraged buyout in history). Dan also initiated, designed, negotiated and executed tax equity investor acquisitions of refined coal production facilities generating potentially $500 million of tax credits for Deutsche Bank. Allyson Coyne, Esq., Senior Vice President Phil. (215) 255-1715 (917) 733-3293 [email protected] Allyson advises clients in the areas of Reps & Warranty Insurance, Tax Indemnities and other transaction related coverage,. Prior to joining the ATS team, Allyson, an attorney, was part of Aon’s Private Equity & Transaction Solutions practice. Allyson is also involved in matters concerning financial product lines for a wide variety of clients, including financial institutions, biotech and Fortune 500 companies. Joshua Halpern, Esq. Senior Vice President NY (212) 441-2289 (516) 647-5780 [email protected] Prior to joining Aon’s Transaction Solutions team in January 2014, Josh most recently was a senior associate at Willkie Farr & Gallagher LLP, where he specialized in public and private mergers and acquisitions, private equity investments, securities offerings and other corporate transactions, as well as securities disclosure and corporate governance matters. Prior to that, Josh was an associate at the international law firms Dewey & LeBoeuf LLP and LeBoeuf Lamb Greene & MacRae LLP, where he focused principally on corporate insurance and reinsurance transactions. Josh has advised U.S. and global clients spanning a wide range of industries, including insurance, reinsurance, private equity, technology, pharmaceuticals, manufacturing, media and technology. Proprietary & Confidential Aon Transaction Solutions Team Name Jill Kerxton, Esq. Senior Vice President Office Office Phone # Cell # Email MD (202) 570-3222 (301) 785-9239 [email protected] Jill joined the ATS team as a Senior Vice President. Jill has worked in the tax and transactional insurance business throughout her career. Prior to joining Aon, Jill enjoyed a twenty-year legal career where she was a partner at firms, including Mintz Levin and predecessors of DLA Piper and Katten Muchin Rosenman. As co-leader of the Financial Risks Practice, Jill became a nationally recognized expert in the insurance of financial and transactional risks, such as M&A insurance, insurance programs covering tax and regulatory risks, litigation buyouts, environmental insurance and credit enhancements and played an instrumental role in the development of Tax insurance, R&W Insurance and other transactional insurance products. Jill began her career as a tax lawyer and acted as legal counsel to U.S., London and international insurers, many of which regularly underwrite financial risks. Today, she advises clients purchasing such insurance programs. Gaurav Sud, Esq., Senior Vice President SF (415) 486-6938 (917) 287-7800 Prior to joining Aon's Transaction Solutions team in June 2014, Gaurav was an associate most recently at Fenwick & West LLP in Silicon Valley (from 2011 to 2014) and previously at Shearman & Sterling LLP in New York (from 2007 to 2011), specializing in public and private mergers and acquisitions, private equity and venture capital investment transactions and other strategic corporate transactions, as well as fund formation and corporate governance matters for private equity sponsors and U.S. and global strategic clients spanning a wide range of industries. Prior to attending law school, Gaurav was an M&A paralegal at Wachtel, Lipton, Rosen & Katz in New York. Thomas Bonfiglio Vice President NY (212) 441-1326 (917) 517-1420 [email protected] Tom joined the Transaction Solutions team in January 2013 as a Vice President. Prior to joining the group, since 2007, Tom worked as a Project Manager in Aon’s M&A Solutions team conducting property and casualty due diligence for private equity, hedge fund and corporate clients. As a Project Manager, Tom managed due diligence on over 100 transactions, preparing written qualitative and quantitative reports pinpointing areas of risk to maximize cash flow and operating efficiencies. As part of the Transaction Solutions team, Tom helps facilitate placement of transactional insurance products such as Representations & Warranties, Tax Opinion/Tax Credit and Litigation Buyout policies. Proprietary & Confidential Aon Transaction Solutions Team Name Elliot Konopko Senior Managing Director Office Office Phone # Cell # Email NY (212) 441-1164 (917) 602-1816 [email protected] Elliot is responsible for the development and implementation of new financial products serving insurance and other markets. Elliot joined Aon after a 15year career as a hedge fund manager, including most recently as a Managing Principal based in London of Halcyon Asset Management (UK) LLP, the UK affiliate of a $13 billion multi-strategy investment firm specializing in equity, fixed income and special situation investments in public and private markets. Prior to joining Halcyon, Elliot founded Taliesin Capital Management LLC, an investment management firm focused on public and private equity, fixed income, and special situation investments primarily in North America and Europe. Earlier in his career, Elliot was an attorney at Fried Frank, specializing in mergers and acquisitions on behalf of strategic and private equity buyers and sellers, restructurings, financings and capital markets transactions Elliot started his career at Chase Manhattan Bank where, following his completion of Chase’s Credit Training Program, he worked as a credit analyst and then a corporate loan officer in New York and Mexico City for three years. Proprietary & Confidential Exhibit Proprietary & Confidential 24