ANNUAL REPoRT

Transcription

ANNUAL REPoRT

A n n ua l r e p o rt
TORVILD AAKVAAG BJARNE AAMODT OLAV AARNA LARS-ERIC AARO TEODOR AASTRUP KENT ABBÅS ENNO ABEL EGIL ABRAHAMSEN JONAS ABRAHAMSSON ERIK AGERMAN
GUNNAR AGFORS CARLOS AUGUSTO LIRA AGUIAR CHRISTOPHER AHLBERG INGA-BRITT AHLENIUS LENNART AHLGREN GÖRAN AHLSTRÖM KRISTER AHLSTRÖM KRISTINA AHLSTRÖM
ESKO AHO MATTI ALAHUHTA HORST ALBACH ANN-CHRISTINE ALBERTSSON PER-ÅKE ALBERTSSON EVA-LENA ALBIHN MARCUS ALDÉN UNO ALFREDEEN HENRIK ALFREDSSON
BERT ALLARD THOMAS ALLARD STURE ALLÉN GUNNAR ALMGREN ANDREAS ALSÉN KRISTINA ALSÉR OLLE ALSHOLM LEO ALTING JAVIER ALVAREZ VARA JOHNNY ALVARSSON
LOUIS AMÉEN JOAKIM AMORIM PIA ANDERBERG ARNE ANDERSSON BENGT ANDERSSON BERTIL ANDERSSON BJÖRN ANDERSSON BRITT-INGER ANDERSSON CURT ANDERSSON
EVERT ANDERSSON GÖRAN ANDERSSON INGER ANDERSSON INGVAR ANDERSSON JOHAN ANDERSSON LARS ANDERSSON MATS ANDERSSON MATS ANDERSSON PATRIK ANDERSSON
ROLAND ANDERSSON ROLF ANDERSSON RUNE ANDERSSON SIV ANDERSSON SVEN-ERIK ANDERSSON SÖREN ANDERSSON THOMAS ANDERSSON TOMAS ANDERSSON ÅKE
E ANDERSSON ROBERT ANDREEN PETER ANDREKSON CARL-GUSTAF ANDRÉN SVEN G ANDRÉN INGEGERD ANNERGREN KARIN ANNERWALL PARÖ MARKUS ANTONIETTI
ULLA ANTONSSON JEANETTE ANTTILA MARIA ANVRET MASAHIKO AOKI KARIN APELMAN GUNILLA ARHÉN ANTTI ARJAS JOHN ARMSTRONG CHRISTEL ARMSTRONG-DARVIK
SIGNHILD ARNEGÅRD-HANSEN ROAR ARNTZEN BERTIL ARONSSON LARS AROSENIUS FREDRIK ARP GÖRAN ARVIDSSON OLOF ARWIDI MICHAEL ASHBY LEIF ASP OLA ASPLUND
PETER AUGUSTSSON JÖRGEN AXELSSON ANNA AXELSSON WÅLLBERG SVEN AXSÄTER ROLF BACK LARS BACKSELL SIGVARD BAHRKE CLAES BANKVALL DEAN BANNON SERGIO BARABASCHI
JOHN S BARAS FRITZ BARK PERCY BARNEVIK ANDERS BAUDE CLAES-GÖRAN BECKEMAN DAVID BEJKER MONICA BELLGRAN CHARLOTTE BENGTSSON EWERT BENGTSSON JENS BENGTSSON
NILS BENGTSSON ARNE BENNBORN MATS BENNER CARL BENNET CARL BENNET BENGT BERG CAROLINE BERG LARS BERG YLVA BERG MARTIN BERGDAHL SVEN-GUNNAR BERGDAHL
BO BERGGREN THOMAS BERGLIN LARS BERGLUND KARL BERGMAN LARS BERGMAN MATS BERGMAN ROBERT BERGMAN CLAS BERGSTRÖM HANS BERGSTRÖM LENNART BERGSTRÖM
PER-OLOV BERGSTRÖM STEN BERGSTRÖM VILLY BERGSTRÖM LARS BERN LARS BERTMAR KLAUS BIEDERMANN ARTHUR BIENENSTOCK LENNART BILLFALK JEAN-PIERRE BIRAT HÅKAN BIRKE
MARIE BJELKSÄTER HANS BJUR GUNNAR BJURSELL STEN BJURSTRÖM ERIK BJÖRCK ANDERS BJÖRGERD TOMAS BJÖRK ANDERS BJÖRKLUND STIG BJÖRKMAN HANS BJÖRNSSON
ERICH BLOCH ANDERS BLOM STINA BLOMBÄCK HENRIK BLOMQUIST CARL-HUGO BLUHME KLAUS BOCK KENNETH BODIN CONNY BOGENTOFT ORIOL BOHIGAS GUARDIOLA
ERIK BOHLIN HOLGER BOHLIN NILS BOHLIN STAFFAN BOHMAN ANDERS BOMAN PÄR BOMAN INGRID BONDE HENRIK BORELIUS GUNNAR BORG GUNILLA BORGEFORS CARL BORREBÆCK
HILTJO BOS ERIK BRANDSMA PONTUS BRAUNERHJELM HJALMAR BRISMAR GUNNAR BROCK HANNA BRODDA LEIF BRODÉN ANNETTE BRODIN RAMPE CHARLOTTE BROGREN
PER BROMAN BENGT BROMS TORBJÖRN BRORSON KARL BROTZMANN BILL BROX NILS BRUNSSON PEGGY BRUZELIUS DAN BRÄNDSTRÖM RUNAR BRÄNNLUND ANDERS BRÄNNSTRÖM
HANS BRÄNNSTRÖM MAGNUS BRÄNNSTRÖM HANS-JÖRG BULLINGER SONAT BURMAN-OLSSON HÅKAN BUSKHE KARIN BYMAN ANNA BÜNGER BRITT-MARIE BYSTEDT STIG BYSTEDT
GÖRAN BÄCKBLOM FREDRIK BÄCKHED JAN BÄCKLUND PER-OVE BÄCKSTRÖM URBAN BÄCKSTRÖM LARS BÖRJESSON SOFIA BÖRJESSON SANTIAGO CALATRAVA LARS CALMFORS
SUSANNA CAMPBELL JAN CARLÉN EMELIE CARLEÖ COLIN CARLILE HEIDI CARLSÉN CARL-ERIC CARLSON MARTIN CARLSON ULF CARLSON E H ROGER CARLSSON GÖRAN CARLSSON
GÖRAN CARLSSON JAN OLOF CARLSSON JAN-OTTO CARLSSON JANNE CARLSSON MÅRTEN CARLSSON SUNE CARLSSON TOMAS CARLSSON TOMAS CARLSSON THOMAS CARLZON
MICHEL CARPENTIER GÖRAN CARS BRYAN CARSBERG CHRISTIAN CASPAR TORD CEDELL KLAS CEDERWALL TORSTEN CEGRELL JÖRGEN CENTERMAN VINTON G CERF ROBERT CHABBAL
TAO SOON CHAM ICHIRO CHIBATA ATTILA CHIKÁN SOON DAL CHOI JOHAN CHRISTENSON KUNMO CHUNG TORD CLAESON BRIAN CLARK P. JOHN CLARKSON CHRISTIAN CLAUSEN
MÅNS COLLIN PETER COLLIN PONTUS CORNELIUS ANDERS CRAFT EDWARD F CRAWLEY INGEMAR CROON PAUL CRUTZEN BARBARA CZARNIAWSKA MAGNUS DAGERSKOG
ANDERS DAHL ÅSA DAHL GÖRAN DAHLBERG BO DAHLBOM CLAES DAHLBÄCK JOHN DAHLFORS ERIK DAHLQUIST STEN DAHLQVIST HANS DALBORG HANS G DANIELMEYER
ALRIK DANIELSON PER-ERIK DANIELSSON HELEN DANNETUN MAT DARVENIZA PER DAVIDSSON ETIENNE DAVIGNON CARLO DE BENEDETTI ISABELLA DE FEUDIS PONTUS DE LAVAL
THIERRY DE MONTBRIAL CLAES DE NEERGAARD CARLOS DE OLIVEIRA PEIXOTO PER DELSING JOHAN DENNELIND BENGT DENNIS JAN DERNESTAM GEORGIA DESTOUNI
MARIANNE DICANDER ALEXANDERSSON ULF DINKELSPIEL PIA DJUPMARK MARIA DOLLHOPF CARL DOUGLAS GUSTAF DOUGLAS DUNCAN DOWSON PETER DOYLE JAMES R DRAKE
BRITT-MARIE DROTTZ SJÖBERG ANNA DUBOIS STEN DYBECK HANS DYRVOLD BJARNE DÄCKER CHRISTOPHER ECKERBERG RALPH EDEBO URBAN EDENSTRÖM PER-OLOF EDIN
BERTIL EDLUND KRISTINA EDSTRÖM BO EDVARDSSON GUNNAR EDWALL BO EGARDT MARIE EHRLING MARIE EHRLING EERO EHRNROOTH GEORG EHRNROOTH HENRIK EHRNROOTH
CHRISTIAN EKBERG ANDERS EKBLOM JOHAN EKESIÖÖ BÖRJE EKHOLM BÖRJE EKHOLM DAN EKLUND KLAS EKLUND ANNE-MARIE EKLUND LÖWINDER JAN-OLOF EKLUNDH BO EKMAN
THOMAS EKMAN ANNA EKSTRÖM ÅKE EKSTRÖM EMAD EL-SHARKAWI THOMAS ELDERED LENNART ELFGREN BENGT-OLOF ELFSTRÖM GUNNAR ELIASSON JONAS ELIASSON PERJONAS ELIÆSON MONIKA ELLING HÅKAN ELMQVIST ARNE ELMROTH PEJE EMILSSON SVEN-OLOF ENFORS SVERRE ENG SVEN ENGBLOM STEFAN ENGDAHL PETER ENGLUND MATZ ENGMAN
BJÖRN ENGQUIST DAG ENGSTRÖM OLOF ENGSTRÖM PETER ENGSTRÖM LARS ENGWALL MATS ENGWALL HANS ENOCSON OLLE ENSTAM DITTE ERBING ENE ERGMA BERNT ERICSON
HAMPUS ERICSSON HÅKAN ERICSSON K ANDERS ERICSSON MAGNUS ERICSSON STIG ERICSSON TORSTEN ERICSSON VERONICA ERICSSON-LAKSO ANNELI ERIKSSON CAJ ERIKSSON
HÅKAN ERIKSSON LARS-ERIK ERIKSSON LENNART ERIKSSON MIKAEL ERIKSSON OLOF ERIKSSON PER ERIKSSON PER-OLOF ERIKSSON STAFFAN ERIKSSON LENA ERIXON CHARLOTTE ERKHAMMAR
PEKKA ERKKILÄ SVEN ERLANDER GUNNAR ERLANDSSON BIRGIT ERNGREN WOHLIN BENGT ESKILSON SAEID ESMAEILZADEH LENNART EVRELL ULF EWALDSSON INKEN FABER
GÖRAN FAGERLUND PER FAHLÉN BO FAHLIN CHARLES FAIRHURST KERSTIN FALCK THOMAS FALK ANNIKA FALKENGREN ANNA FALL PETER FALLENIUS WEITANG FAN YVES FARGE
HARRY FAULKNER HANS JÜRGEN FEDERSEL KJELL-OLOF FELDT ANDREY MIKHAILOVICH FINKELSTEIN MARTIN FISCHER HELLMUT FISCHMEISTER BO W FJELKNER HARRY FLAM
ANDERS FLODSTRÖM NIKLAS FLYBORG STAFFAN FOLESTAD HANS FOLKESSON OTTO FORGACS HANS G FORSBERG CBE KARIN FORSEKE STURE FORSÉN CHRISTER FORSGREN
JACK FORSGREN ERIC FORSSBERG JOHAN FORSSELL EVA FORSSELL-ARONSSON VLADIMIR FORTOV GRETA FOSSUM ULRIKA FRANCKE ULRIKA FRANCKE HARRY FRANK KJELL FRANK
SIGBRIT FRANKE TORSTEN FRANSSON PATRIC FREDELL LENNART FREDENBERG KERSTIN FREDGA OWE FREDHOLM PAM FREDMAN BILLY FREDRIKSSON HASSE FREDRIKSSON
ÅKE FREDRIKSSON STIG FREYSCHUSS STIG FRIBERG PER ERIK FRICK JONAS FRISÉN HÅKAN FRISINGER TAGE FRISK TOMAS FROM JAN FRYK ÖSTEN FRÅNBERG ULLA-BRITT FRÄJDINHELLQVIST TORE FRÄNGSMYR LASZLO FUCHS CHRISTER FUGLESANG TAKAHIRO FUJIMOTO VIIVEKE FÅK PATRIK FÄLTSTRÖM EVA FÄRNSTRAND STEFAN FÖLSTER FRODE GALTUNG
STEN GATENBECK PAUL GATENHOLM ANDRAS GEDEON ERNST GEIJER ULRIK GELIUS GÖRAN GELLERSTEDT TRYPHON GEORGIOU MAGDALENA GERGER HÅKAN GERGILS DARIUSH GHATAN
IVAR GIAEVER JAMES GIBBONS MICHAEL GIBBONS ERIC GIERTZ KERSTIN GILLSBRO ANDREA GISLE JOOSEN CRISTINA GLAD SERGEI GLAVATSKIH JOHAN GLENNMO KRISTINA GLIMELIUS
THOMAS GLÜCK MARY GOOD MALIN GRAFFNER NORDBERG SVEN GRAHN MARKUS GRANLUND LARS GRANLÖF CLAES-GÖRAN GRANQVIST ERIC GRANRYD OVE GRANSTRAND
MARIANNE GRAUERS INGMAR GRENTHE SALVATORE GRIMALDI HERMANN GRIMMEISS GÖRAN GRIMVALL MAGNUS GROTH ROBERT W GRUBBSTRÖM ANDERS GRUDÉN ANDERS GRUFMAN
PER GRUNEWALD LENNART GRÅNÄS PER-ERIC GRÄNS ANDERS GRÖNLUND BINGLIN GU CHUNYUAN GU SIGMUNDUR GUDBJARNASON PETER GUDMUNDSON WACLAW GUDOWSKI
JOHAN GULLICHSEN LARS GUNNARSSON LEI GUO FREDRIK GUSTAFSSON JAN-ÅKE GUSTAFSSON LARS GUSTAFSSON LEIF GUSTAFSSON LENA GUSTAFSSON STEN GUSTAFSSON
ANNICA GUSTAVSON STIG GUNNAR GUSTAVSON SÖREN GYLL PEHR G GYLLENHAMMAR JAN GÅNGE JESPER GÖRANSSON JON HAAG BACHARUDDIN JUSUF HABIBIE MARIE HAFSTRÖM
ERIK HAGERSTEN ANDERS HAGFELDT JÖRGEN HAGLIND SVANTE HAGMAN TONY HAGSTRÖM MAGNUS HALL MAGNUS HALL ULF HALL ANDERS HALLBERG ANNA HALLBERG
BO HALLBERG PER HALLBERG TOMAS HALLÉN KRISTJAN HALLER PER HALLIUS BENGT HALLSTRÖM BENGT HALSE EVA HALVARSSON YLVA HAMBRAEUS BJÖRLING GUNNAR HAMBRAEUS
EVA HAMILTON EVA HAMILTON KARL-OLOF HAMMARKVIST ANDERS HAMSTEN MICHAEL HANSEN INGEMAR HANSSON ROBERT HANSSON SVEN OVE HANSSON VEIKKO HARA
MAGNUS HARDMEIER SARA HARMENBERG MILTON HARRIS GÖRAN HARRYSSON DESMOND HARTFORD NILS HARTLER MARIS HARTMANIS HYOE HATAKEYAMA BO HEDBERG
TORBJÖRN HEDBERG ANDERS HEDENSTEDT BO HEDFORS BO S HEDSTRÖM JENS HEED INGRID HEGBOM EKMAN LARS HEIKENSTEN LARS-ÅKE HELGESSON PER HELLMAN
MAGNUS HENREKSON HENRIK HENRIKSSON JENS HENRIKSSON HANS HENTZELL ANTTI HERLIN ANNE-MARIE HERMANSSON SVEN HERNBERG ERIK HERNGREN JOHAN HERNMARCK
WOLFGANG A. HERRMANN HANS HERTZ KLAS HESSELMAN KERSTIN HESSIUS OLA HILDINGSSON DAVID HILL FREDRIK HILLELSON MATS HILLERT PER HILLSTRÖM LARS IVAR HISING
FOLKE HJALMERS PER HJELM SIGRUN HJELMQUIST MATS HJERPE THOMAS HJERTBERG SOPHIA HOBER THOMAS HOFVENSTAM BERT-INGE HOGSVED PETTER HOLLAND KARL-JOHAN HOLM
LENNART HOLM BENGT HOLMBERG GUNNAR HOLMBERG KRISTER HOLMBERG LENNART HOLMBERG GUNNAR HOLMDAHL GRY HOLMGREN HAFSKJOLD JAN HOLMGREN
BERTIL HOLMLUND CARIN HOLMQUIST BJARNE HOLMQVIST PETER HOLMSTEDT BENGT HOLMSTROM HANS HOLMSTRÖM TORBJÖRN HOLMSTRÖM ALAIN HONNART MIA HORN
AF RANTZIEN HANS HORNUNG LARS HULTKRANTZ LARS HULTMAN BENGT HULTQVIST HANS HENRIK HUSS WILLIAM A HUSTRULID BEVIS HUTCHINSON BENGT NIPPE HYLANDER
STAFFAN HÅKANSON CARINA HÅKANSSON HÅKAN HÅKANSSON YNGVE HÅLAND BJÖRN HÄGGLUND STURE HÄGGLUND OLLE HÄGGSTRÖM LARS HÖGBERG ERIK HÖGLUND
INGEMAR HÖGLUND BERTIL HÖK FREDRIK HÖRSTEDT FREDRIK HÖÖK KRISTINA HÖÖK THOMAS IDERMARK ANDERS IGEL JAAKKO IHAMUOTILA YUKIO IMANISHI KAZUO INAMORI
MARTIN INGVAR LARS IRSTAD ALF ISAKSSON EVA ISAKSSON ÅKE IVERFELDT JAN-OLOF JACKE BO JACOBSON CARL-OLOF JACOBSON PETTER JACOBSSON ROLAND JACOBSSON
ULF JAKOBSSON ANDERS JANSSON INGRID JANSSON ARVYDAS JANULAITIS HENRY JARLSSON PÅL JARNESS DAVID JARVIS PETER JENNERGREN TORSTEN E JENSFELT ARNE JERNELÖV
ÅKE JERNQVIST ESPRIÚ JAVIER JIMENEZ BENT JOHANNESSON ROLF JOHANNESSON THOMAS JOHANNESSON INGE JOHANSEN ANITA JOHANSSON ANN LOUISE JOHANSSON
BERNT JOHANSSON BÖRJE JOHANSSON CARL-JOHAN JOHANSSON GUNN JOHANSSON GUNNAR L JOHANSSON GÖRAN JOHANSSON HANS JOHANSSON HANS E JOHANSSON
HASSE JOHANSSON HENRIK JOHANSSON HÅKAN JOHANSSON JAN C JOHANSSON JAN-OLOV JOHANSSON JERKER JOHANSSON LEIF JOHANSSON LEIF JOHANSSON OLLE JOHANSSON
SVENOVE JOHANSSON ULF J JOHANSSON PETER BERGHSEY JOHNSEN ANTONIA AX:SON JOHNSON PONTUS JOHNSON VIVECA AX:SON JOHNSON TOM JOHNSTONE PEDER JONSSON
LARS JONUNG HENRIK JORDAHL LARS G JOSEFSSON LEIF JOSEFSSON STAFFAN JOSEPHSON FRANÇOIS JUILLET CLAES-ROBERT JULANDER BO JUNGNER TAPANI JÄRVINEN GUNILLA JÖNSON
HÅKAN JÖNSSON PÄR JÖNSSON ANNA KADEFORS ARNE KAIJSER MARTTI M KAILA VAHID KALHORI TERJE KALLAND PER KALLSTENIUS KARIN KALOCZY MATTI KANKAANPÄÄ
CHARLES KAO JAN-ÅKE KARK HANS KARLANDER NILS KARLSON ARNE KARLSSON CHRISTER KARLSSON JAN-ÅKE KARLSSON LENNART KARLSSON JOHAN KARLSTRÖM URBAN KARLSTRÖM
BENGT KASEMO KOJI KATO JOAKIM KENNEDY LÁSZLÓ KEVICZKY MARIA KHORSAND TOR KIHLMAN LISELOTT KILAAS MERVYN KING ANDERS KINNANDER KOUTA KINOSHITA TÖIVE KIVIKAS
BENGT KJELL JONAS KJELLSTRAND PEDER KLEPPE GERT KNUTSSON SVEN KNUTSSON JUAN KIAT KOH ERIK KOLLBERG DANICA KRAGIC JENSFELT GERHARD KREYSA TORBJÖRN KRONANDER
WOLFGANG KROPP ANN KRUMLINDE HERMANN KRÄMER URBAN KRÖNSTRÖM UDAY KUMAR ANDERS KUPSU JUHANI KUUSI MIRJA KVAAVIK BARTLEY SVEN KVARNSTRÖM LARS KYLBERG
TOMAS KÅBERGER PER KÅGESON BO KÅGSTRÖM ERLAND KÄLLÉN BO KÄLLSTRAND JONAS KÖHLIN ANNE L’HUILLIER PIERRE LAFFITTE FREDRIK LAGERGREN SVEN TORBJÖRN LAGERWALL
»The Academy’s mission is to promote
the engineering and economic sciences
and the development of industry for
the benefit of society«
IVA’s statutes, §1
CONTENTS
IVA in brief.................................................................................................................................................................. 4
Sustainable development................................................................................................................................... 8
Information and communication technology.......................................................................................18
Economics and enterprise.............................................................................................................................. 28
Energy......................................................................................................................................................................... 40
Education and research.................................................................................................................................... 50
Annual Meeting..................................................................................................................................................... 64
IVA Documentation 2015................................................................................................................................71
IÖV
VAEIRNL IBGRGI EAFR E
Royal Swedish Academy
of Engineering Sciences
(IVA)
I
VA is the world’s oldest academy of engineering sciences and H.M. the King
is its patron.
The Swedish members – just over 900
in number – are assigned to one of twelve
divisions that focus on various fields within
engineering, economics and society. IVA
also has close to 300 international members.
IVA’s network consists of decision-makers and experts from business and industry,
academia and public administration. The
network is enriched by the knowledge and
experience of its members and IVA’s Business Executives Council.
The Business Executives Council has
more than 230 member companies and
organisations. It gives the Academy a firm
footing in the business community and is a
source of long-term funding.
The Academy is independent and is
financed through project grants, business
community contributions, Government
grants and income from the Conference
Centre. In 2015 IVA’s turnover was SEK 92
million.
IVA’s activities have a global perspective
and important aspects include external
analysis, study trips and collaboration with
other engineering sciences academies.
IVA recognises important achievements
in natural sciences, engineering and economics through awards, scholarships and
medals. The Academy also initiates acti
vities that subsequently become spin-off
organisations.
IVA’s Conference Centre is one of Stockholm’s most frequented meetingplaces. Every
year around 40,000 people participate in
meetings, seminars and activities there.
1924
1936
Johannes Ruths
receives IVA’s
first Great Gold
Medal. Inventor
Gustaf Patrik de
Laval is awarded
IVA’s first
commemorative
medal.
Tekniska museet
(Swedish National
Museum of Science
and Technology),
founded by Torsten
Althin, moves from
IVA’s loft to its
current premises in
Stockholm’s Gärdet
district.
1919
IVA is formed
as a royal
academy.
Gustaf Dalén
is the first
member.
1928
The Sjögren
Library
containing
more than
10,000 books is
donated to IVA.
The collection
includes the
first edition
of Newton’s
Principia.
1931
IVA initiates
Svetskommis
sionen (The
Swedish
Welding
Commission).
NOVEMBER DE
CEM
BE
R
R
TBE
O
OC
APRIL UE
JULY AU
G U ST
SE
PT
EM
B
1983
H.M. the King officially
opens the Wallenberg
Auditorium at the
Conference Centre.
1963
1984
IVA initiates
the Laboratory
for Surface
Chemistry.
IVA’s Chairman
heads the Royal
Technology Mission (RTM). The
destination of
the first mission
– which includes
H.M. the King
– is California.
Boeing and Silicon Valley are
visited. RTMs
have taken place
on a regular
basis ever since.
1950
IVA’s Business
Executives
Council is
formed under
the name
IVA’s Industrial Council.
Today it has
more than
230 member
companies and
public sector
organisations.
4–5
JN
ER
MA
Y In 1941 IVA is one
of the founders of
Tekniska nomen
klaturcentralen
(Swedish Centre
for Terminology,
TNC).
Meetingplace for
an impact on society
IVA’s twelve divisions, projects, the
Business Executives Council and
regional sections arranged many more
than 100 meetings throughout Sweden
in 2015. All of the meetings are freeof-charge and open to all. Through
its projects – which are based on a
scientific approach – IVA has an impact
on the development of society.
IVA’s first President
Axel R. Enström of
the National Board of
Trade, resigns after 21
years as President.
H
RC
1940
BR
UA
R
MA
IVA opens its first international office in New York.
The office subsequently
moves to Washington
D.C. signally the start of
Sveriges Tekniska Attachéer
(Sweden’s Engineering
Attachés), a programme
with offices all around the
world. The programme
continues through Tillväxt
analys (Swedish Agency for
Growth Policy Analysis).
FE
1946
ÖV E R L I G G A R E
RY Y Meetings in Stockholm
Meetings around the country
Division meetings
Assembly of the Academy
Business Executives Council
Project and Programme Council meetings
IVA North, South and West
JANUA
2015
2006
1997
IVA initiates
the Swedish
section of the
entrepreneur
network Connect. Christer
Zetterberg is the
first head of the
network.
IVA’s Student
Council
is formed.
Prince Daniel is
appointed as an
honorary member
of the Academy.
2001
2008
Lena
Treschow
Torell is the
first women
to be president of IVA.
IVA creates
Power Circle,
a professional
organisation
for the electric
power industry.
Stig Göthe is its
first chairman.
P R E S I D E N T ’ S CO M M E N T S
Independent bridge-builder
at the forefront
S
ociety’s challenges are tangible. Climate
change, environmental problems and major refugee streams are some of the things
we need to deal with both globally and nationally.
But these challenges carry with them oppor
tunities to develop innovations and new enterprises.
Other forces are shaping our future as well;
research and technical development are among
them.
We are beginning to really see the transformative effects of digitalisation. The digital,
connected society is evolving rapidly. We need
to handle it with care; otherwise we might find
ourselves in a new IT bubble and waste billions in
the process. Many of the enterprises that did not
survive the IT bubble had business models that
would perhaps have been successful today. But
then, fifteen years ago, neither the technology
nor the users were mature enough.
Fortunately, the necessity of sustainable development, resource efficiency and the circular
economy is at the centre of the public debate.
IVA, under the sound leadership of our Chairman Leif Johansson, could not be more engaged
in all of these changes and opportunities.
Our role as an independent arena for
bridge-building between the academic, business and political spheres and society in general has always been an important one. Today
it is perhaps more significant than ever.
Our core values of quality, excellence, independence and being at the forefront are incorporated in
everything we do. I feel proud that we are living
up to our values in the best possible way.
The dedication and talent of the Academy’s
members coupled with the know-how and ex-
pertise of the important decision-makers in
our Business Executives Council help bring
strong legitimacy to IVA. Our projects and programmes are based on a solid foundation and the
quality is assured in every conceivable way.
This gives credibility to our project results.
One of our projects, Attractiveness for Sustainable Growth, has delivered its final report, and it
does not pull any punches. The impact of the
report has been great, and responsible for it is a
united Steering Committee of big names with
Carl Bennet at the helm. The project’s communication phase is now under way with a particular focus on the four “top gun” teams working on
themes identified by the project. Concentrated
initiatives relating to sustainable textiles, smart
urban homes, digital healthcare and computer
games are showing us new ways to work. They
are also potential successful areas of excellence
for Sweden.
Our projects have topical themes and take on
the most important questions to find the best
possible answers. Resource Efficient Business Models
is one example. Among other things, it is studying material flows in important sectors to find a
way to achieve a more circular economy.
Anders Narvinger is Chairman of the Steering Committee.
The Innovation in the Forest Industry project was
launched in 2015 to identify ways of reinforcing
the Swedish forest industry’s position as a global
leader. This is yet another example of IVA’s efforts
to forge new paths towards a sustainable growth
economy. Olof Persson is the project’s Chairman.
Another project launched in 2015 is Good Cities
of the Future. Its objective is to help ensure that a
growing population has attractive environments
in which to live and work. Gabriel Urwitz is
Chairman of the project’s Steering Committee.
6
Our members provide valuable input, not
only for our projects, but also in the activities of
our twelve divisions. Seminars at a high level –
both in terms of content and participants – are
a distinguishing feature. The Academy’s transsectoral programme councils explore issues that
spark curiosity and that could be the focus of
future projects. This broad-based approach enhances the Academy. The Programme Council
for Africa has concluded its work. But its members are carrying on the effort under the leadership of Ivan Öfverholm. We salute that!
The Business Executives Council,
chaired by Eva Hamilton from 2016, attracts
top names from the business community to
attend stimulating breakfast meetings. Erik
Lautmann, Chairman for five years until the
end of 2015, ensured that the Council’s activities can reach new heights and take place in
more places around the country. That makes
the whole of IVA stronger.
Organising seminars and meetings far away
from Stockholm gives us more and wider perspectives. All sections of IVA are aware of the
importance of a regional presence.
All of this makes me truly optimistic about
the future. IVA will be an important arena long
after our centennial celebration in 2019.
Björn O. Nilsson,
President, IVA
7
S U S TA I N A B L E
D E V E LO P M E N T
There is an ever-growing population on our planet. Population growth
and other global societal challenges require sustainable development.
Resources must be used efficiently and be renewable. IVA runs
projects to promote sustainability work in Sweden and internationally.
8–9
S U S TA I N A B L E D E V E LO P M E N T
Sustainability deeply
rooted in Swedish
forest industry
»There is still more
forest in Sweden now
than ever before.
That’s because we
never extract more
wood than regrowth
permits.«
ABOUT CARINA HÅKANSSON
Carina Håkansson is a forest officer and has
been Director General of the Swedish Forest
Industries Federation since 2013. For almost
20 years she has held various management
positions at forest company Stora Enso. She
has also served as CEO of energy company
Dalakraft.
Carina Håkansson is a member of the Swedish
Academy of Agriculture and Forestry. In 2015
she was elected as a member of IVA’s Division
VIII Forest Technology. She is a member of the
Steering Committee for the Innovation in the
Forest Industry project.
S
ustainable development is no passing
trend; it is an essential foundation for
a bright future. To make it a reality, we
need smart solutions and to use resources sensibly. The smartest thing would of course be to
use resources that are not finite.
Managed properly, the forest is one such
non-finite source of raw materials, and more
and more people are realising its possibilities.
Forest officer Carina Håkansson is Director
General of the Swedish Forest Industries Federation. A sustainability approach is nothing
new to Carina.
“I’ve lived and breathed forestry for almost
35 years. Managing felling in a sustainable way
and ensuring that forest products are environmentally sound is second nature throughout
the forest industry. So for us, sustainability is
obvious,” she says.
Other industries have realised it more recently.
“For me, a sustainable society is one that
meets today’s needs without destroying things
for the next generation. There are several dimensions: the economy, environment and social sustainability.”
Climate and environmental problems are
10
global. The earth’s population is increasing
and more and more people are demanding a
better standard of living. This makes it a real
challenge to create the necessary economic
growth in a sustainable way.
“That doesn’t mean we don’t have to aim
for global sustainable growth. The resources –
what we extract from the ground, such as metals – will eventually run out. We therefore need
a circular economy to handle the challenges.
We need to be much better at that.”
The Swedish forest industry has been
doing its part for well over 100 years.
“The forest is renewable. Products made from
the forest can be recycled over and over. Newspaper, for example, can circulate seven times
before finally being turned into bioenergy.”
Sweden, Canada, the USA and Finland are
the world’s leading exporters of paper, pulp and
sawn wood products. It’s clear that the Swedish forest industry is actively helping to reduce
global climate change.
“But there is still more forest in Sweden now
than ever before. That’s because we never extract more wood than regrowth permits. The
industry is dimensioned for that.”
11
Wood products bind carbon dioxide and
the carbon is stored until it becomes energy.
Then the climate gas emissions are absorbed
by the growing forest. Making very long-lasting products of wood is therefore a good idea.
Houses are a climate-friendly example. In the
past, large multi-dwelling buildings
were, on the other hand, few and far
between.
“That’s because we weren’t allowed to build large wooden buildings before we joined the EU. Now
we have learnt how to do it and
around 10 percent of these buildings are now made of wood. Several
companies are preparing their production operations for this. I think
that’s fantastic and it’s creating jobs in parts
of the country where they are badly needed.”
Sometimes people – mainly those outside
the forest industry – express the opinion that
the industry is slow to evolve and not particularly interested in innovative new possibilities.
According to Carina Håkansson, that is just a
preconceived notion.
“The industry may seem conservative be-
cause forestry has an 80-year perspective. And
with paper-making machinery costing four to
five billion kronor, you can’t change direction
that easily. But progress in forestry, in the industry and on the environmental side has been
very rapid and in some areas, dramatic.”
cal Research Institute of Sweden has produced
a protein that can be used as fish food. Testing
is now under way to turn the fish food into a
commercial reality.
“Anything you can make from oil, and more,
you can make out of wood. Oil and wood have
carbon as a common denominator.”
»For me, a sustainable society
is one that meets today’s needs
without destroying things for
the next generation.«
The traditional forest-based products,
which create substantial net export income
for Sweden, will remain a core part of the forest industry. But new products are being developed. BillerudKorsnäs’ food cartons are one
example. The rectangular cartons take less
space on shop shelves, are lighter than tins and
reduce the transport volume because they are
rectangular rather than cylindrical. SP Techni-
Developing more products
from biological raw materials is the
objective of bioinnovation, one of
the national strategic innovation
areas. The vision for 2050 is a Sweden transformed into a bioeconomy.
Around 60 stakeholders are participating. The Government is footing
50 percent of the bill and the private
sector the other half.
Biofuels and electric vehicles could make
road transport fossil-free. But grants for developing fuel from forest residues have perspectives that are far too short-term, according to
Carina Håkansson. Developing and producing
a product for filling stations will be expensive.
“Nature created numerous stages in the
production of oil. To do it for wood, we have
M EE TI NGS: SU S TAI NAB LE DE VELOPM ENT
25 March – Stockholm
The path to resource-efficient industry
Seminar – Resource Efficient Business Models
project and Swedish Environmental Protection
Agency
25 September – Stockholm
Pathways to 2050
– How to be even more resource-efficient
Seminar – Resource Efficient Business Models
project
30 September – Malmö
Good Cities of the Future – Is the Greater
Copenhagen area one of them?
Seminar – Division III Building and Construction
and IVA South
20 October – Gothenburg
Sustainable enterprise
Breakfast meeting – IVA West
and the Business Executives
Council with Michael Treschow
12
21 October – Stockholm
Circular economy and resource efficient
business models (with the Environmental
Objectives Council)
Seminar – Resource Efficient Business Models project
3 November – Stockholm
Sustainable leadership for Sodexo
Breakfast meeting – IVA’s Business Executives
Council with Azita Shariati, CEO Sodexo Sweden
and Denmark
to do everything ourselves. There are no existing large production facilities and building the
first large-scale ones will be very costly.”
But politicians across the political spectrum
understand the great potential of the forest
as a raw material resource for a future fossilfree bioeconomy. The Alliance government
launched a national forest programme and the
current Government has picked up where it
left off. The Government’s Innovation Council
has identified the forest as a future resource.
“The knowledge exists and a lot is happening, but we need concrete action now.”
It is not just forest industry players and
politicians who have understood that the
forest can be an excellent asset for new products; many other stakeholders want this green
resource as well. Tourism and leisure are obvious ones, but the chemicals, automotive,
technology and food industries are also looking at the opportunities. The traditional forest industry may even have competition for
its raw material.
“The way the forest industry reacts to this
is critical. The board of the Swedish Forest Industries Federation has formulated its v ision
stating that the forest industry is driving
growth in the global bioeconomy. The ambition exists in the traditional forest industry.”
But it is not just up to the industry, politicians and the research community to ensure
13
that Sweden becomes a bioeconomy. As consumers, we can actually have a big influence on
how fast the transformation takes place.
“Everyone wants green products. Swedish
organic food for example. But our behaviour
doesn’t always match what we say. The links
between brain, hand and wallet are hard to
influence. Obviously I hope that grocery customers actively choose a paper bag because
they know it’s made from renewable raw materials,” says Carina, who represents an industry that is practicing what it preaches – the
forest industry is Sweden’s biggest producer
and user of bioenergy and its processes are
already 97 percent fossil-free. Others should
follow suit.
Schnippeldisco aims
to cut food waste
Anders Narvinger and Björn Stigson.
A
Ingrid Petersson.
ABOUT RESOURCE EFFICIENT
BUSINESS MODELS – GREATER
COMPETITIVENESS
The objective of the project is to promote new
business models that have built-in resource
efficiency. An analysis group is working on
control mechanisms and incentives. The
project’s five work groups are divided by sector.
Based on the work groups’ results and on other
studies, political recommendations will be drafted
for the period up to 2020. They will include an
industry vision of how Sweden can be more
competitive in a future with finite resources.
The Chairman of the Steering Committee is
Anders Narvinger.
The project timeframe is 2014–2016.
n educational initiative in a car park in
Almedalen showed that it is possible to
reduce food waste.
The Resource Efficient Business Models project
used unusual tactics at its seminar. Participants were skilfully shown how to prepare food
and drinks from things that would otherwise
have ended up in the bin. Audience members
were also given inspiring examples of concrete
resource efficiency initiatives by businesses and
public authorities.
Anders Narvinger is Chairman of the Steering Committee for Resource Efficient Business
Models.
“Schnippeldisco was started by food activists
in Germany who wanted to show that it is possible to do something about food waste,” he said.
One third of the food produced globally
ends up in the bin instead of in people’s stomachs. The food thrown away would be enough
to feed all of the hungry people in the world
– four times over.
There are many areas where resource waste
could be drastically reduced. Examples from
participating companies and public authori14
ties show that a lot can be achieved if we think
along new lines.
Fashion company Filippa K invests in sustainable clothes. Wardrobes do not need to be
overfilled if garments are produced using good
fabrics and can be combined.
Public authorities could also help improve
resource efficiency by providing information. If
people knew that making a single cup of coffee
requires 140 litres of water, maybe they would
not brew more than they actually need.
Kerstin Cederlöf, Deputy Director General of the Swedish Environmental Protection
Agency pointed out that it is possible to change
old habits. Participants who would like meat on
their plate can tick a box on their registration
form – the opposite of how it usually works.
Major sectors, like real estate, can also make
changes. In cooperation with the company
Kompanjonen, property company Vasakronan
is making sure that before a building is demolished or remodelled, as much of the materials
in things like windows and doors as possible
are saved instead of being thrown away. And
are then sold for a decent profit.
Fast track to good
cities of the future
S
weden’s cities are growing. The big ones
the most. Attractive urban environments
offering services, education and culture
attract more people and businesses. But there
is a downside: a housing shortage, segregation,
crammed public transit and snail-pace traffic
jams on streets and roads are a few examples.
The objective of IVA’s Good Cities of the
Future project is to provide a growing population with attractive environments.
“We shouldn’t just look at big cities, but try
to determine how shrinking regions can become good environments for people to live in
as well,” says Staffan Eriksson, Project Manager.
It is not all that easy to define what a good
city is, but one distinctive feature is that people
do not leave because they are unhappy there.
“A good city is sustainable – economically,
environmentally and socially. Things should
work well for everyone, regardless of their age
or where they’re from.”
The project is studying various geographical
areas – both newly built districts and housing
complexes built in the ‘60s and ‘70s – to find
out what leads to successful development.
Public transit and other forms of travel are
among the things under particular scrutiny.
“Public transit needs to be well-structured
and run smoothly. But it is expensive, so more
people need to use it to keep the costs down in
relative terms and really help to reduce the number of cars on the roads, as well as emissions.”
One way to influence this is to change the
location of bus stops. They could be made
more inviting and even be meetingplaces for
people. According to Staffan Eriksson, new
technology makes this entirely possible. He
also points out that Gothenburg now has a
bus stop inside a library.
“Electric vehicles are changing the possibilities radically.”
Addressing the planning and decision processes for social development in a broad sense
is one of the main tasks for the project participants.
“Politicians and civil servants who are responsible for social development have key roles
to play. Decision-makers in industry should
benefit from our conclusions,” says Staffan
Eriksson.
15
ABOUT GOOD CITIES OF THE FUTURE
The project objective is to help provide
a growing population with attractive
environments in which to live and work.
The project has four work groups:
The Urbanisation Drivers and Obstacles group
is responsible for ensuring the project has a
foundation in new and relevant research.
The Upward Development Spirals group’s
task is studying actual districts in a number of
regions.
The Future Flows in Sustainable Cities group is
taking a visionary approach to explore technical,
social and logistics flows.
The Planning and Decision Processes group is
studying how new discoveries and plans can be
best used.
The Chairman of the Steering Committee
is Gabriel Urwitz of Segulah and the other
members are representatives for all relevant
areas in society.
New
business
models to
grow the
forest
O
ver 35 percent of Swedish net exports
come from the forest industry. The
renewable forest is also a natural part
of the fossil-free bioeconomy of the future.
But the world-leading Swedish forest industry is suffering from low profitability, which
is making it difficult to create resources for
investments in things that could be effective
innovations.
Innovation in the Forest Industry is a new
IVA project aimed at determining how to
strengthen the status of this industry internationally.
Mats Johnson is Project Director. He has
many years of experience in turning forest research discoveries into profitable business.
“The forest industry is good at a lot of
things, but there are no simple solutions for
improving its innovative capacity,” he says.
This will require more than research and
technology inventions.
“Goals and visions are easy to create. It’s
achieving them that’s the problem. New business models are essential for innovation to take
place – for new technology or new products to
reach a wide market.”
It is hard for the forest industry to manage this on its own. The continued success
of the industry is important for society as a
whole. Forest companies provide a lot of jobs
and are often located a good distance from
the big cities.
“Help and support from universities and the
Government are needed. It’s important to find
new sources of funding and entrepreneurs. Innovative environments that attract smart people are essential.”
There is great potential at the intersection
of different sectors of industry. Industrial
cooperation across sector lines is one way to
achieve renewal. Whole new industries could
start to see the light of day.
If this is successful, Sweden’s forests will be
a trump card in the transition from coal and
oil to a green economy. European countries
outside the Nordic region have not realised
the potential of the forest.
“In Europe the forest is regarded as wild nature with no real benefit to society.”
Mats Johnson thinks that IVA’s project
needs to focus on the long and the short term.
“We can help to determine what the main
obstacles are for development in the forest industry and what the government can do. It’s
also important to create awareness about the
possibilities. So the project is aimed at politicians, researchers and the industry itself – and
not just the today’s forest industry,” he says.
16
ABOUT INNOVATION IN THE
FOREST INDUSTRY
The purpose of the project is to identify
how Sweden’s forest industry, by taking an
increasingly large role in a transition to a
bioeconomy, can reinforce the sector’s worldleading position. The project’s work groups are
tasked with answering questions in three areas:
• How can the forest industry best develop its
current value chains and help to create new
ones?
• How can the industry, funders and
researchers work together to promote
a higher level of innovation and potential
products of the future?
• How can forest raw materials make a bigger
contribution to the energy system and to the
built environment?
The project’s goal is to urge academic, industrial
and political players to move towards a
renewed and strengthened commitment to
forest-based products.
Olof Persson.
Green transformation and globalisation
test Swedish attractiveness

obs of the future, green conversion and global
cooperation are a few of the issues that Kristina Persson, Minister for Strategic Development and Nordic Cooperation are mulling over.
“But I’m an optimist. We are leading in areas
like entrepreneurship. The level of education
in our country is relatively high and corruption is non-existent,” she said at a seminar in
Almedalen arranged by IVA’s Attractiveness for
Sustainable Growth project.
Transforming the job market is not the task
of one minister alone. Kristina says that eight
or nine ministers will be involved.
“The vision of full employment is attainable. But to get there we need broad cooperation
on social insurances and taxes. Green transformation and a circular economy will bring more
jobs.”
It is important for Sweden to be attractive
in a global perspective. Attractiveness needs to
be improved locally, regionally and nationally.
“Removing national boundaries as far as
possible is also important for an export nation
like Sweden. We need to promote affirmative
policies. Policies simply have to keep up with
development,” said Kristina Persson.
Kristina Persson.
Long road to market for
chemical industry innovations
F
Lena Lindblad.
or chemical companies the time it takes
from lab to commercial reality can be
as long as for pharmaceuticals. I-Tech,
a company formed in 2000 by researchers at
Chalmers University of Technology and the
University of Gothenburg, has developed a
non-toxic and environmentally sound boat
hull paint. In autumn 2015 the paint was approved for use within the EU. Funding was
provided by Mistra.
The active ingredient in the innovative
paint called Selektope is medetomidine. The
substance has been used for years in veterinary
medicine as an anaesthetic for dogs and cats.
As an ingredient in hull paint it has a different function. Quite simply, it scares away barnacles, the most common type of crustacean
that attach themselves to boat hulls. It does
this without harming the barnacles.
17
Existing paints that contain large amounts
of copper kill the small crustaceans and the
copper eventually ends up in the sea.
Lena Lindblad is research director and one
of the company’s founders.
“It took three years to prepare all of the necessary documentation and then six years and
SEK 50 million before the paint was approved
in Europe,” she said at an IVA seminar.
Lena Lindblad pointed out that the long
process from development to approval requires owners that can take a really long-term
perspective.
Small companies that want to develop an
innovation may need other types of expertise
and equipment than they have. This is what
AstraZeneca’s Biohub in Mölndal offers. I-Tech
is one of the companies that has taken advantage of that opportunity.
IN FOR MATION
AN D COM M U N IC ATION
TECH NOLOGY
Automation, artificial intelligence and digitalisation are fundamentally
changing the game for individuals, businesses and society. The consequences
are as revolutionary as when society was electrified. IVA is describes some
aspects of this transformation.
18–19
20
I N F O R M AT I O N A N D CO M M U N I C AT I O N T E C H N O LO G Y
Smart humanoid
robot the workmate
of the future
»In the past a robot
was really a big arm
that performed very
precise movements.
Now Honda and
Sony have developed
humanoids and
they’re also found in
research labs.«
ABOUT DANICA KRAGIC JENSFELT
Professor Danica Kragic Jensfelt has a PhD
in robotics. She has been a guest researcher
at Columbia University and Johns Hopkins
University in the USA. Since 2008 she has
served as Vice Dean of the School of Computer
Science and Communication at the Royal
Institute of Technology (KTH) and is now
Director of the Centre for Autonomous
Systems at the same university.
Danica Kragic Jensfelt is a member of the
board of FAM, the Wallenberg Foundation’s
holding company. She is also a member of the
Royal Academy of Science (KVA) and in 2015
was elected into IVA's Division II Electrical
Engineering.
F
acebook founder Mark Zuckerberg is investing in a robot butler. In 2018 one in
five texts will be written by robots. IBM
is making its humanoid robot smarter and AI
is out-competing the middle class. All of this
was grabbed from the headlines of Ny Teknik
magazine in January 2016. Before Christmas a
robot was wrapping gifts in Media Markt’s TV
commercial. Robots are clearly red hot right
now.
Last year a major Swedish investment in research in autonomous systems (AS), artificial
intelligence (AI) and robotics was announced.
Danica Kragic Jensfelt is a robotics professor
at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)
and one of the researchers who will turn the
government funding into concrete research
results.
“We can rebuild the world with ones and
zeros,” she says at exactly 1111100, i.e. on 11 January at eleven o’clock on the dot. What could be
more binary than that?
“The best time of the year.”
Ones and zeros cannot, of course, solve everything on their own. Computers, data, software and sensors of different kinds are needed
if robots are to achieve anything in the physical
world. And researchers and programmers are
the ones who combine and develop the components to make efficient physical machines, like
robots or other autonomous systems.
21
Industrial robots have been around for a
long time. Ford introduced the first one in the
automotive industry at the beginning of the
1960s and the term robot itself was coined by
the Čapeks brothers in the 1920s.
“In the past, robots in car manufacturing
plants were pre-programmed. It was a closed
system where the robots did their work without humans needing to be present,” said Danica
Kragic Jensfelt.
Now robot development is instead about
integrating physical machines with human
activity in normal environments.
“In the past a robot was really a big arm
that performed very precise movements. Now
Honda and Sony have developed humanoids
and they’re also found in research labs.”
Until a few years ago computers and sensors
did not have sufficient capacity for autonomous systems controlled by artificial intelligence to be constructed.
“We need data from numerous sensors. The
systems must be able to take into account all
of the ‘noise’ from the huge amount of data. In
some ways sensors are like human senses, and
robots need to be able to interpret information
before turning it into action.”
When a robot interacts with a human it
first needs to understand human speech and
to make itself heard. These are good characteristics for robot workers in factories of the
future. In a multi-year project funded by the
Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research,
Danica Kragic Jensfelt will find ways for robots
and humans to work together in production
environments.
“The robot will take care of the
monotonous tasks and it will, for example, watch how human performs
tasks.”
But these machines can do more
than that. When connected to the
internet they can also entertain their
human colleagues with things that interest them.
“I think that workplaces will be
more fun in the future.”
Autonomous systems will change
the job market in many occupations. Drivers
are one example. The idea of convoys of lorries without drivers – except for the one at the
front – is not science fiction. And in Tokyo
robot taxis will transport people around at
the 2020 Olympics.
Computers are better than people at comparing and analysing large amounts of data.
If legal texts and all of the rulings are in the
cloud, we will probably need fewer lawyers.
Robots can also be very useful in healthcare.
“AI systems can deliver a synthesis of difference events that generate large data volumes.
knowledge that exists in a certain field and,
using statistical models, look for connections
that would otherwise be hard to find.
“In biotechnology, where people don’t use
mathematics all that much, advanced
software could perhaps help to find
unexpected relationships in the overall data volume.”
But if a robot is to perform surgical
procedures on a person, the operations
need to be 100-percent successful.
“No one would agree to it if the
robot only gets it right 99 percent of
the time.”
Before robots through AI can really start interacting with humans
in daily situations, at work or in the home, a
lot of research still needs to be done. The machine must, for example, understand what we
are saying to it. And we don’t even understand
all human capabilities ourselves yet.
“People understand irony. The tone of voice
and facial expression of the person talking
make it easy. We connect experience and what
we know about the person who is being ironic.”
»Human intelligence enables
us to make decisions in
situations where we don’t have
all the information. AI is when
computers do the same thing.«
Systems that independently write simple
sports commentary already exist.”
So Journalists can also look forward to
increased competition for their jobs. Perhaps
researchers will even have robots as colleagues.
It’s not unthinkable according to Danica
Kragic Jensfelt.
A research robot could have access to all the
22
Getting machines to understand irony is
no easy task for a scientist. And more concrete
items – like a cup – how do we explain what
that is to a machine?
“In the future robots will understand and
learn from their mistakes.”
Danica Kragic Jensfelt is one of the researchers who will head one of the projects
within the giant Wallenberg Autonomous
Systems Program or Wasp. Her project will
deal with perception, learning and verification
in interactive autonomous systems. Basically,
they are developing the ability of robots to
learn and adapt their behaviour.
“Wasp is a very important programme for
Sweden. Our top universities are involved. In
addition to research, we are going to create
educ ation programmes for an entirely new
type of engineer based on interactions with
companies. The overall goal is to create machines that exist to serve humans.”
Swedish research on how robots will interact with humans is still fairly limited in an
international comparison. But Sweden is one
of the leaders in areas such as control engineering. Sweden also has substantial expertise in
interaction and localisation engineering.
“But we can’t compare ourselves to MIT or
Berkeley. German Fraunhofer is also a lot bigger than the Swedish research environment.
We need big labs.”
In concrete terms, robotics researchers use
maths and modelling to create algorithms that
can get physical machines to perform various
tasks. Algorithms are tested using data from
sensors – theory, models and trial and error
until everything works satisfactorily.
“To develop a system that can park a car, it’s
important to find a model that works quickly.
It can’t take half an hour to park a car.”
The A in artificial intelligence means “nonhuman.” A calculator counts faster than the
human brain. But it is not intelligent.
“Human intelligence enables us to make decisions in situations where we don’t have all the
information. AI is when computers do the same
thing. With sensors and the internet of things
they can tell us that we are about to run out of
milk in the fridge and need to buy more. The
system can even be designed to order the milk
automatically. Although this might not be a
good idea if the family is about to go on holiday.”
Danica Kragic Jensfelt is certain that
machines in the future will take decisions,
something that has so far been reserved for
humans.
Take self-driving cars as an example. They
are good because they can improve the flow of
traffic and will certainly result in fewer vehicles being needed for transportation.
But what happens if something unexpected
happens? Volvo has said that it will take responsibility for its cars, but how will the cars
react in a complicated traffic accident?
“Let’s say you’re alone in your car, but the
car coming towards you has a family inside
and the automatic systems in the cars are not
able to avoid the collision. Which car should
drive into the ditch so that the other one will
be OK? Our human decisions are rarely about
doing what is best thing overall. When people
make these decisions they tend to save themselves. Machines will make critical decisions on
a different basis.”
“These are sensitive issues because they deal
with ethics and morals. That is why behavioural scientists and philosophers are involved
in AI research as well. We are discussing things
we had no idea needed to be addressed.”
Perhaps the consequences of robots being
hacked into will also be on the agenda for discussion.
And far into the future, robots will be able
to clone themselves. Because robots will be
able to design and build the same things that
we build.
“As a researcher I’m responsible for what we
programme into a robot. It is supposed to work
exactly the way we want it to. The programme
therefore needs to contain ‘warning instructions’ like those on physical products,” says
Danica Kragic Jensfelt.
M EE TI NGS: I N FOR MATION AN D COM M U N IC ATION TECH NOLOGY
12 February – Stockholm
Autonomous systems
– New possibilities!
Seminar – IVA’s Big Data Programme Council
17 February – Luleå
Big data – What is it and what
can it do for society?
Seminar – Big Data Programme Council
and IVA North
Life’s building blocks
and big data – The way
to a better world?
Breakfast meeting with Mathias
Uhlén arranged by IVA's Division X Biotechnology.
16 September – Luleå
The impact of digitalisation
– From Swish to rhinoceroses
Seminar – Jointly arranged by IVA North,
Norrlandsfonden and IVA’s Business Executives
Council
6 May – Stockholm
Is personal integrity
consistent with a safe society?
Seminar – Division XII Information Technology
The third machine revolution – What will
the consequences be for society?
Seminar – Division II Electrical Engineering
23
Sweden the new Hollywood
for the games industry
D
oubling the number of games and
interactive entertainment companies
in Sweden, quadrupling the number
of employees and doubling the percentage of
women. These there are the shared goals for
2020 of some of Sweden’s leaders in the games
industry.
The Attractiveness for Sustainable Growth project gathered experts to start working in one of
the project’s “top gun teams” in mid-April. To
reach the 2020 goal, state funding, a business
development programme for game entrepreneurs and more investment in creative subjects
in schools are needed. The games industry is
one of the fastest growing industries in the
world and Sweden is among the ten largest
exporters. Today the Swedish games industry
consists of around 170 companies with 2,500
employees, 16 percent of whom are women. Together they have created games that are being
played by more than 700 million people.
The growth potential in the industry is
great, as are the opportunities to strengthen
Sweden’s position as a global video game magnet. High costs, a housing shortage and insufficient government funding are highlighted as
some of the main challenges for the industry.
The difficulty finding the right talent is also
a challenge.
“We need to introduce coding in schools,
just like sports and crafts. We need to let
children enjoy being creative with code,” says
Fredrik Nyström, head of PR at Dreamhack.
Today creative excellence is the hardest
thing to find.
“It’s quite easy for us to find programmers,
but it’s hard to find creative talent, like lighting technicians, animators and visual effects
experts. We often have to recruit from outside Sweden, which makes it challenging to
retain employees in the long term,” said Björn
Johnsson, COO of Dice.
24
An e-package means
so much to the post office
A
letter no longer means as much as it
used to. They are dwindling in number. The volume of packages, on the
other hand, is growing rapidly. Postnord wants
to take advantage of this trend to be the leading logistics and communications company in
the Nordic region.
Yes, 25 million Nordic residents and businesses still get letters in their letter boxes –
last year as many as 5.3 billion. That may seem
like a lot, but in fact the volume has declined
since 2000 by 60 percent in Denmark and 40
percent in Sweden.
Still, Håkan Ericsson, CEO of Postnord
since 2013, is quite optimistic about the future
for the Danish-Swedish company.
“We want to be the leading logistics and communications solutions company in the Nordic
region,” he said at a breakfast meeting at IVA.
The increasing volume of e-commerce is
the key. Last year 120 million packages were
sent by post to recipients in the Nordic countries. Postnord is already the largest player in
this segment. e-commerce in Sweden in 2014
reached almost SEK 50 million. That is ten
times more than a decade earlier.
25
Håkan Ericsson.
But the transition for the company, which
dates back to the 1600s, is a tough one.
One strategy is to offer e-commerce companies comprehensive solutions. That means
shipping, managing returns, target group
analysis and directing marketing support.
“Sometimes a letter to the right target group
in combination with digital advertising yields
the best result for e-commerce companies.”
Consumers who shop online can increasingly determine how they want their purchase
delivered. Facilitating this trend is also a priority for Postnord.
N E T WO R K S & E XC H A N G E
Royal
flash visit
to Ludvika
H
.M. the King visited ABB’s High
Power Laboratory in Ludvika.
In the giant, ultra-high-voltage
(UHV) test centre, he got to fire off a flash
to test an 800 kV transmission. The visit
to the electric power company in Dalarna
was part of IVA’s Royal Technology Tour.
The 2015 destinations were Dalarna and
Västmanland. The delegation, consisting
of business leaders, researchers and public
sector representatives, also participated in
seminars during the two-day field trip.
In Ludvika they also visited regional development company Samarkand and the
STRI testing facility. On day two the delegation headed to Västerås. The programme
there included Mälardalen University and
train technology company Bombardier.
One in five trains in the world have propulsion systems that come from the Västerås
plant. H.M. the King and the rest of the
delegation were curious and showed great
interest in Bombardier’s operations.
ABOUT IVA’S ROYAL
TECHNOLOGY TOUR
The Royal Technology Tour, which studies
business and research in various parts of
Sweden, set off for the fifth time in 2015. The
destinations were Dalarna and Västmanland.
Past missions have visited Borås-Gothenburg,
Småland and Kiruna-Luleå.
The Royal Technology Tour involves two days of
field trips and seminars. Joining H.M. the King are
individuals from the private and public sectors
and from academia. The 2015 delegation was led
by IVA’s Chairman Leif Johansson.
27
E CO N O M I C S
AND ENTERPRISE
There is a more positive attitude towards
entrepreneurs today. More young people see
starting their own enterprise as a possibility. New
interactions between small enterprises and big
corporations are leading to innovative solutions.
The challenge for Sweden is to retain its big
corporations and help more small businesses to
grow. Sweden’s attractiveness could be better.
IVA is working on this.
28–29
30
E CO N O M I C S A N D E N T E R P R I S E
Entrepreneurs’ idea
and initiatives are
building our prosperity
T
he public debate should be based on
facts, not opinions. And researchers
needed to be part of the discussion.
This is what Pontus Braunerhjelm says – and
he practices what he preaches. Numerous
articles by him have been published in daily
newspapers and scientific journals and he is
the author of a number of books.
Pontus Braunerhjelm is an economist with
a particular interest in entrepreneurship and
international issues.
Appropriately, he is Research Director at
the Swedish Entrepreneurship Forum and
Head of the Department of Industrial Economics and Management at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH). According to the
university website, this is where science and
technology meet management and economics.
“But IVA is a good forum for that as well,”
he says.
This professor of entrepreneurship’s involvement does not stop at research and writing.
Governments of various colours have appointed him to head committees more than once.
The Globalisation Council is one example. The
now ongoing Entrepreneurship Committee is
another.
Do all of these government commissions
and committees have any real impact?
“Yes they do. But sometimes it takes a long
time. A lot of political groundwork is needed
before the speaker can bring down the gavel.”
From time to time there is what Pontus
calls an “open window” when a proposal can
be rushed through. But the results of the urgent refugee issue now being examined will
not be on the table until 2017. That is a little
perplexing. The suspicion that government
commissions can be a way to, at least for the
moment, set aside difficult issues is not entirely
irrelevant.
What is definitely relevant – not just for
economists but for all of us – is the Swedish
economy. Are the coffers empty or are they being filled?
“The economy is in good shape. Government funding to take care of refugees is one
thing that, at least in the short term, has
stimulated the economy. In the longer term it
will depend on how successfully they are integrated.”
“Swedish industry has taken advantage of
international opportunities. And domestic
consumption is high. Success in Germany is
also an important factor. Sweden is doing well
in relation to other innovation-driven countries.”
But Norway may be the fly in the export
ointment if low oil prices persist.
There are also other less positive aspects
worth paying attention to, according to Pontus Braunerhjelm.
“In other small innovative countries, such as
the Netherlands and Switzerland, the number
31
»Modern growth is
built on knowledge,
education and
research – but
essentially on
individuals.«
ABOUT PONTUS BRAUNERHJELM
Pontus Braunerhjelm is an economics professor
and Head of the Department of Industrial
Economics and Management at the Royal
Institute of Technology (KTH).
He has previous served as Deputy Director of
the Research Institute of Industrial Economics
and the Centre of Business and Policy Studies
(SNS). Pontus is Research Director at the
Swedish Entrepreneurship Forum and has been
its Managing Director since 2014.
Several Swedish governments have appointed
him to head government committees/councils.
The Government’s Globalisation Council and
the ongoing Entrepreneurship Committee are
two examples.
In 2009 he was elected into IVA’s Division XI
Education and Research Policy. He is a member
of the Steering Committee for the Attractiveness
for Sustainable Growth project and he became
Vice Chairman of IVA in January 2016.
of employees in key industries like pharmaceuticals and telecom is rising. The reverse is true
in Sweden. Why is that?
The fact that multinational companies
want to be close to their big markets is one
explanation. But another troublesome reason
could very well be that the talent advanced
companies need in order to expand is in short
supply in Sweden.”
After all, a lot has happened since IVA in
1997 ran the “Ljusåret” (Lightyear)
project aimed at placing entrepreneurship and innovation on the
agenda. At that time is was almost
an insult to be called an entrepreneur or business owner.
“Since then attitudes have
evolved in the right direction. And
a number or real super-entrepreneurs have emerged in Sweden.
Niklas Zennström is one example.
And some have become wealthy
without offending anyone. The vision of an entrepreneur is clearly
radically different now.”
“Tax levels and structures are putting the
brakes on enterprises that want to expand.
Labour market regulations, such as LAS (Act
on Security of Employment), are a problem.
We need the same ground rules as the countries we are competing with.”
When the IT bubble burst about a decade
and a half ago many investors had shares that
became worthless, but they were still taxed at
their initial value.
panies are starting to see themselves as born
global.
“In general small businesses in Sweden have
low growth ambitions. They are simply not
that inclined to employ people. On the plus
side, they have flat organisations and structures. An efficient public sector is also an asset.
Corruption is low and the natural environment
is clean. Together this makes a good quality of
life possible. But companies are not very bold.”
»We are just at the beginning
of a big restructuring process.
Many companies in the IT
bubble had the right idea but
their timing was off. Now
the technical possibilities are
finally available.«
Zennström’s Skype is just one example of a
successful new enterprise. Spotify and K
larna
are also on the list. But none of these new
companies intends to mass-employ labour.
The policy-makers have not really kept up.
Pontus Braunerhjelm thinks the political process is sluggish.
“Politicians don’t have great tools to support growing enterprises. Employee stock
options are a good example of something that
can keep payroll taxes down for companies in
need of specialist expertise.”
Compared to enterprises in other innovation-driven countries, new, small Swedish
companies are not good at internationalisation. On the other hand, more and more com32
Access to venture capital is not
what is keeping small businesses
from expanding. There is plenty to go
around. Except at the point a company’s growth is about to really take off.
“But if companies don’t want to
grow, the demand for venture capital
will be fairly low.”
Research on entrepreneurship could
be a helpful tool to support growth in
small entrepreneur-run businesses.
“We can contribute insights on
what people can learn from success
stories and about which institutions and regulations are important. Above all we can constantly reinforce the fact that it is individuals
who are the most important component in
growing companies and growth in general.
Everything starts with an idea from a person.
Take Steve Jobs: It’s his fault that we’re all
walking around with our faces pointing to the
ground.”
Ingvar Kamprad is another obvious example
of the power of a one-person idea.
“Many people have nice things to say
about entrepreneurs. But in practice the
situation is not as good. Modern growth is
built on knowledge, education and research
– but essentially on individuals. Companies,
including the big ones, are made up of individuals.”
People need jobs to go to. Automation, robots and artificial intelligence machines as well
as international competition may lead to big
changes in the labour market.
But Pontus Braunerhjelm does not predict
mass unemployment.
“Despite past transformation in areas
such as off-the-peg clothing, manufacturing
and shipbuilding, the number of jobs has increased. Intelligent machines will not replace
huge amounts of jobs, instead they will create
new types of jobs. More programmers will be
needed.”
Software will find its way into more and
more areas. A company in Hong Kong has
elected an artificial intelligence tool to its
board of directors.
“Telephone inventor Graham Bell said that
people could now sit at home and work. We
have always underestimated the power of new
technology to create jobs.”
3D printers can lead to re-industrialisation
of old industrial nations. That could affect the
global economy. Proximity, short series and
customisation.
“We are just at the beginning of a big restructuring process. Many companies in the
IT bubble had the right idea but their timing
was off. Now the technical possibilities are finally available.”
Increased mobility between regions is also
impacting the job market. Innovation and entrepreneurship increase when people relocate
often. Research shows that companies in the
cities people are moving into are the winners.
Companies that lose employees will actually be
winners too, although to a lesser extent.
“Matching on the job market will quite simply get better.”
Innovation is the key concept in all of this.
But an innovative idea is not innovation.
“An innovation must be able to be linked to
something that is of value to the economy in
some way. The traffic roundabout is an example of an innovation.”
No value, no innovation. A new business
model might be an innovation. Or people discovering a need they didn’t realise they had.
Designing systems to generate innovation
can in itself be innovative.
“For policy-makers an innovation system is
a nice idea. They like creating systems. At first
there was no word for entrepreneurship when
people talked about it. There were no incen-
tives for innovation either. This reflects the
differences between economic theories about
what drives growth.”
The classic school of thought assumes that
monetary, financial and structural policies
lead to growth. Others think that an idea in
a person’s head is the most important thing.
That is what brings growth.
Regardless of how economic growth is created, one thing is certain: Nothing other than
sustainable growth is acceptable.
“Sustainable growth is not created by replacing your kitchen every three years. Consumption of fewer but more expensive products provides the desired result. Increased
consumption of environmentally sound services, such as culture and the experience industry’s offering, also has positive, sustainable
economic effects.”
Owning things is increasingly being questioned. The circular economy means having
access to a thing without owning it.
“The sharing economy is creating new business models. So is material circulation, i.e. recycling. But how do we recycle products made
from new materials like graphene? Do we have
the expertise for that?”
Pontus will get back to us with an answer
to that. The circular economy and its consequences are among the issues he is looking into
on behalf of the Government.
M EE TI NGS: ECONOM IC S AN D ENTER PR I SE
20 January – Gothenburg
Will Sub-Saharan Africa
be the next economic miracle?
Seminar – IVA’s Africa Programme Council in
cooperation with IVA West
29 January – Stockholm
Increased Regional Attractiveness
Seminar – Attractiveness for
Sustainable Growth
Avicii – a Swedish export success
Breakfast meeting arranged by IVA’s Business Executives Council with Avicii co-founder, Ash Pournouri
21 May – Stockholm
Breakfast meeting with
Sonat Burman-Olsson, Coop
Breakfast meeting – IVA’s
Business Executives Council
33
Local competitiveness in a globalised
world – What are the success factors?
Seminar – IVA and ESBRI
Innovative chemical engineering companies
– What do they need to do to be world class?
Hearing – Division IV Chemical Engineering, IKEM
and SISP
Round table conversation with Prince Daniel, Johan Skarborg
and Marcus Wallenberg.
Niklas Zennström, Gunilla von Platen, Lisa Lindström
and Filip Tysander.
PEOPLE PROVIDING INSPIRATION UNDER
PRINCE DANIEL’S FELLOWSHIP PROGRAMME
Niklas Adalberth, Melker Andersson, Kenneth Bengtsson, Staffan Bohman,
Marie Bredberg, Mia Brunell Livfors, Susanna Campbell, Alessandro
Catenacci, Jacob de Geer, Daniel Ek, Saeid Esmaeilzadeh, Olof Faxander,
Lina Gebäck, Stina Honkamaa Bergfors, Elin Kling, Filippa Knutsson,
Sebastian Knutsson, Kristina Lindhe, Monica Lindstedt, Lisa Lindström,
Martin Lorentzon, Håkan Lundstedt, Alan Mamedi, Susanne Najafi, Bert
Nordberg, Anna Omstedt Lindgren, Lena Patriksson Keller, Fredrik Persson,
Karl-Johan Persson, Mikael Schiller, Sebastian Siemiatkowski, Johan Skarborg,
Cristina Stenbeck, Anna Stenberg, Anders Sundström, Filip Tysander,
Hans Vestberg, Renée Voltaire, Gunilla von Platen, Caroline Walerud,
Carl-Gustaf Wachtmeister, Nami Zarringhalam and Niklas Zennström.
Monica Lindstedt, Melker Andersson and Renée Voltaire.
34
The Prince inspires
the young to
entrepreneurship
Karlskrona 21 September
Kalmar 2 December
Östersun
I
VA’s Wallenberg Auditorium was packed
on the occasion of the second Prince
Daniel’s Day of Entrepreneurship. Around
one hundred invited young entrepreneurs from
the whole of Sweden gathered to be inspired by
some of Sweden’s super-entrepreneurs.
Conversations and networking took place
in IVA’s corridors, rooms and all available
spaces during the day. And there were of
course round table discussions and farewell
speeches for the first group of mentor/mentee
pairs who had been working together for two
years. Seven new pairings were presented on
the stage. A two-year journey has begun for
these entrepreneurs. They all have relatively
new companies, but ones which are estab-
d 2 1 Ma y
lished in a market and are aiming for growth
and development.
The project was launched in January 2013 in
Västerås and is now in its third year. The first
year a total of seven events took place around
the country. In 2014 six school and university
visits were arranged and the Entrepreneurship
Day was premiered. In 2015 the ambitions grew:
a total of nine visits took place from Östersund
in the north to Karlskrona in the south.
The project is assisted by about 40 entrepreneurs and business leaders who act as mentors. In 2015 several new names were added,
including Lisa Lindström (Doberman), Stina
Honkamaa Bergfors (United Screens) and
Saeid Esmaeilzadeh (Serendipity).
35
ABOUT PRINCE DANIEL’S
FELLOWS HIP AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROGRAMME
The purpose of the programme is
to encourage young people to be
entrepreneurs. The programme gathers
entrepreneurs and business leaders to
provide inspiration and mentorship. They
bring their experience and knowledge to
upper secondary schools and universities
where they meet young people and inspire
them to become entrepreneurs and mentor
selected candidates under the project’s
mentoring programme to become successful
business leaders.
Prince Daniel is Honorary Chairman.
Marcus Wallenberg has been Chairman of
the Steering Committee since 2015.
Yngve Bergkvist, Maud Olofsson, Mats Årjes and Cecilia Schelin Seidegård.
The way to generate growth
beyond big cities
T
ourism and agriculture can generate
growth far away from fast growing
metropolises. There is great potential.
But poor infrastructure and regulations designed for big business are putting the brakes
on growth.
Big cities are the places that mainly attract
foreign tourists. But there are exceptions.
Close to eight out of ten guests at the Ice
Hotel in Jukkasjärvi are from other countries.
“Now we’re enclosing the hotel inside a
structure so that it can be there in the summer months as well,” said Yngve Bergkvist at
an IVA Business Executives Council seminar.
A solar cell park will generate the electricity
needed to keep the hotel ice cold.
If the tourist industry is to grow, it needs to
be easy to get to and from destinations outside
big cities. This was pointed out by Skistar’s
CEO Mats Årjes.
Simplified regulations, less bureaucracy and
investment in rural infrastructure are among
the things that will make that easier, according to Maud Olofsson, Chairman of Visita, the
industry association for the Swedish hospitality sector.
Agriculture and food are also industries
that are generating growth outside big cities.
Although rural industries have great potential, there are some challenges as well. A
study by Boston Consulting shows this. A lot
of businesses are starting up but are finding it
hard to grow. Profitability is normally lower
than for big city companies. Rural businesses
also find it harder to secure funding to develop
innovations.
He buys to own and
manage for decades
I
Johan Forssell.
nvestment company Investor does not need
a new strategy, but rather a refined structure for its operations. This was emphasised
by Johan Forssell at an IVA breakfast meeting.
He has worked for Investor for the past 20 years,
serving as President and CEO since 2015.
The company’s new structure has three
parts: key holdings of large listed companies, the
investment company EQT and wholly owned
companies under the name Patricia Industries.
Johan Forssell would like to see the number
of wholly owned companies grow. Traditional
36
risk capital ownership with an exit timeframe of
just a few years is not his value creation model.
“We buy to own and manage for decades.
Building up the portfolio with wholly owned
companies generates cash flow,” he said.
Investors’ CEO believes in active ownership.
Serving on boards is a tool for that.
“Through the boards we can make sure
that companies have the right CEO and goals.
But we don’t tell them how to solve a problem.
That’s the responsibility of executive management,” said Johan Forssell.
Eight points that will determine
Sweden’s attractiveness
B
usinesses and society need to become
more attractive and competitive. Sweden therefore needs to use its strong
ability to cooperate across party lines and
other boundaries. These were the words
of Minister for Enterprise and Innovation
M ikael Damberg when he received a report
describing key factors to increase attractiveness and competitiveness.
The report was produced by the project Attractiveness for Sustainable Growth for which Carl
Bennet is Chairman. The report contains an
eight-point agenda for the future and is based
on proposals in areas that will determine Sweden’s future competitiveness.
Johan Carlstedt, Project Director.
What happens now?
“The next stage is to push the proposals and
follow up to see if they are being implemented.
We intend to continue focusing on education,
talent supply, infrastructure, taxes linked to
welfare and on efforts to create a more innovation-friendly public sector. We also hope that
the report can be used by others to discuss
these issues which are critical to our future.”
What format will your work take?
“It will be a combination of seminars, hearings and round table discussions. We are also in
direct contact with the Riksdag, government
and ministries.”
In the spring you presented a report under the heading “Mobilisation to Increase
Regional Attractiveness.” Does the project still have a regional perspective?
“Absolutely. In spring 2016 we will report
on the work of our four top gun teams, who
are addressing the issue of how to use different resources – especially those from the public
sector innovation support system – to support
an area that has the potential to be developed
into an area of excellence. We will also address
the question of how Sweden should market
its strengths, in particular the areas of excellence we are working on. We believe that we
need market research that is far more targetoriented.”
The project will conclude in 2016. What
are you hoping to have achieved by then?
“A number of things. We will have helped
raise awareness about the attractiveness issue,
which is increasingly important in a globalised
world. We will also take the temperature in a
number of areas to see if Sweden is on the right
path to be more competitive. And we will have
put the spotlight on what is required of innovative environments where areas of excellence can
be developed. We will also have initiated efforts
to tailor the way Sweden is marketed to really
promote the emerging areas of excellence.”
ABOUT ATTRACTIVENESS FOR
SUSTAINABLE GROWTH
The purpose of the project is to increase
awareness about what new international
competition resulting from globalisation means
for Sweden. It will also address the issue of
how Sweden can attract capital, talent and, in
particular, foreign investment.
There are seven focus areas: education,
research, infrastructure, business climate,
housing and living environment, culture and the
public sector.
Carl Bennet.
Mikael Damberg and Carl Bennet.
37
38
H A N S B E R G S T R Ö M AWA R D
Lauded progress
blogger extolls the
virtue of taking it
slowly
B
logger and Dagens Nyheter (DN) journalist Anders Bolling is receiving IVA’s
new award for scientific journalism:
the Hans Bergström Award. He is not one for
headlines. Anders Bolling extolls the virtue of
taking it slowly in his thoughtful Framstegsblogg (Progress Blog) at dn.se.
“My blog is about breaking the journalistic
dramaturgy which is based on the idea that
the news is negative. Instead I try to describe
what is actually happening in the world. His
blog was born from a book project published
in 2009 called Apokalypsens gosiga mörker (The
Apocalypse’s Comfy Darkness).
The book is a lot about a dilemma in the
media which Anders calls “selling all the misery in the world cheaply.” This is why problems
often become news. It is easy to create headlines from conflicts and black and white perspectives. To make sure you are first you almost
have to write about the problems before they
have actually happened.
Journalists often sell misery cheaply and anticipate problems.
“That’s why there’s so much use of ‘threat of,’
‘risk for’ and ‘could be’ in the headlines,” he says.
He wanted to continue focusing on this after the book and started his own blog. But not
many people were reading it at first. In autumn
2011 the Progress Blog became part of dn.se. He
has written a total of 150 blog posts. When the
eye-catching headlines are forgotten and the
alarm has stopped sounding, he uses statistics
and graphics to search for an alternative view
of the world. It could be a report from Unicef
telling us that child mortality in the world has
fallen by 50 percent over the past 20 years. Or
that the deserts are no longer growing as much
as the experts had predicted.
“These facts might be obvious to anyone
following these issues. That’s why they’re only
afforded a short paragraph. When I see these
brief news items, I try to dig deeper to find any
‘signs of light’,” says Anders.
The jury was headed by Professor Björn O.
Nilsson, President of IVA, and consisted of
associate professor in political science, Hans
Berström, former Editor-in-Chief for Dagens
Nyheter and long-time head of Science Radio
(Vetenskapsradion) honorary Doctor of Medicine Jan-Olov Johansson, publicist and honorary PhD Mats Svegfors, former Editor-in-Chief
of Svenska Dagbladet and CEO of Sveriges
R adio and Professor Lena Treschow Torell,
former President and Chairman of IVA.
39
ABOUT THE HANS BERGSTRÖM
AWARD
IVA’s award for scientific journalism – the
Hans Bergström Award – was instituted to
recognise a scientific approach in the media and
for excellent journalism in science, technology,
innovation and entrepreneurship – in a
tradition of informing, educating, explaining in
detail, integrity and a belief in the future. The
nomination is open and anyone working in the
media as well as the general public can suggest
candidates for the award.
The amount awarded is SEK 100,000.
ENERGY
More renewable energy and increasing the use of electricity as an energy
carrier are key for a fossil-free society. Extremely low oil prices and the
capacity tax on Swedish fossil-free electricity production are challenging the
possibility of transformation. Electricity Crossroads is creating insights on
and providing proposals for the electricity system of the future.
40–41
42
ENERGY
Swedish industry
gearing up for electric
traffic on the roads
E
nergy is a key issue for society as a
whole, especially since the beginning
of the last century. Without a secure
and adequate supply of energy there would be
a short supply of jobs, prosperity and faith in
the future. Not a lot has changed over the past
100 years. Except, of course, that the kinds of
energy and technology are different now, and
the climate and the environment have entered
the equation. We are aware of the importance
of sustainability and the possibilities the fledgling sharing economy can offer – both in Sweden and globally.
Like the rest of us, politicians and businesses have a responsibility and an opportunity to
ensure that the society of the future is built on
sustainable foundations.
Research, innovation and technical ingenuity are not sufficient as tools to make that happen. Development must incorporate sustainable values – and people who turn them into
practical applications.
In 2015 CEO of ABB Sweden, Johan Söderström, received the Sustainable Leadership
Award from the Swedish Association for
Sustainable Business. He is Chairman of
Teknikföretagen and also a member of the
board of the Confederation of Swedish Enterprise. He is ranked one of Sweden’s top environmental powerhouses. Uppsala University
has granted him an honorary doctorate and in
2012 he was named Årets Västeråsare (Västerås
Citizen of the Year).
It makes sense that Johan Söderström –
both personally and as head of ABB – is involved in developing a sustainable society.
“But I’m only one member of a team. I’m
fortunate enough to be able to work with
extremely talented colleagues in a company
where sustainability is always at the top of the
agenda. The more we do the more we learn,
and it’s important to always be humble and
work on getting better. ABB’s culture and values, which focus on sustainability, health and
safety, ethics and the environment etc., fit well
into this. Our products, systems and service
solutions make a difference in these areas,” he
says.
ABB is one of the world leaders in transporting and efficiently using electricity as an energy carrier. More electricity produced from
fossil-free sources is an important factor in
keeping climate change in check.
“But new energy will not solve the entire
climate problem. The climate issue is part of
a much broader environmental one. It has, for
example, a lot to do with access to clean air and
water. We need to reduce emissions of harmful
substances into the atmosphere and oceans.
Companies everywhere in the world need to
take their full responsibility for this.”
43
»It’s not possible to say
whether the scale of
electricity production
in the future will be
large or small. It will
be a combination,
depending on the
local conditions.
Consumers will be
producers.«
ABOUT JOHAN SÖDERSTRÖM
Johan Söderström has an MSc in Engineering
and has been CEO of ABB Sweden since 2011.
He has held several executive positions within
ABB where he has worked since 1986.
Johan is the Chairman of Teknikföretagen and
Vice Chairman of the Confederation of Swedish
Enterprise. He has an honorary doctorate from
Uppsala University and in 2015 received the
Sustainable Leadership Award from the Swedish
Association for Sustainable Business. Johan has
been a member of IVA Division II Electrical
Engineering since 2013.
ENERGY
In Sweden electricity is largely produced
without any input of fossil fuels. But too many
cars on the roads have petrol or diesel in their
tanks. Johan Söderström therefore sees the
benefits of electrifying the transport sector.
“We need to develop vehicles so that Sweden, with brands like Scania, Volvo, Autoliv,
Ericsson, ABB and many others, is at an advantage. We need to drive development from
hybrid cars to purely electric ones.”
Unfortunately, there is a catch 22 for
electric cars. The price is too high at the same
time as the charging infrastructure is poor.
“In Norway and the Netherlands they have
come much farther. Electric cars are heavily
subsidised in Norway. Perhaps better subsidies
are necessary in the short term to speed up development.”
The CEO of ABB Sweden would like to see
more electric company cars. But long driving
distances and a lack of charging stations is the
spanner in the works for that ambition.
Fully electric commercial vehicles are also
something we will have to wait for. But partial
solutions, such as electricity from overhead
lines, like for trains, or electrified strips on
roads are being tested.
Electric city buses are already a reality.
“Big investments are being made in our cities.
In Gothenburg the first electric bus route was
launched last summer. They have even tested an
indoor bus stop there, inside a library.”
Johan Söderström points out that Gothenburg’s sustainable electric buses are the result
of collaboration involving numerous parties –
the municipality, businesses, universities and
government agencies.
“Large trans-sector partnerships are Sweden’s recipe for success. I’m optimistic about
this trend. This is a good thing for Sweden and
it gives us good export opportunities.”
Naturally, ABB is involved in developing
charging infrastructure – both conventional
technology and inductive.
Running vehicles of all kinds on electricity
is the way to a climate-smart future. But the
electricity needs to be produced in a way that
guarantees a constant and reliable supply.
Swedish electricity production is essentially
fossil-free.
“The low price combined with the capacity
tax is a problem. If nuclear power disappears
too soon it will be difficult to guarantee a reliable supply and producing electricity may
result in more climate gases. Swedish nuclear
power is safe and reliable.”
Johan Söderström hopes that the Govern-
M EE TI NGS: EN ERGY
What will determine Sweden’s future
electricity usage – current status and
forecasts
Seminar – Electricity Crossroads project
14 April – Stockholm
Impact of new technology on electricity
usage
15 April – Gothenburg
Natural gas, biogas and LNG
– important for West Sweden’s
competitiveness!
Seminar – IVA West
Energy policy crossroads
25 August – Stockholm
Renewable energy
– international trends and challenges
Seminar – Electricity Crossroads project in
cooperation with the Swedish Energy Agency
13 October – Malmö
Headwinds for wind power
– perspective from Vestas
Breakfast meeting – IVA’s Business
Executives Council with Anders
Runevad, Vestas
44
ment and the Energy Commission will act
quickly and that the relevant industrial companies with have a say. Secure basic energy is
essential and wind power is hardly a suitable
option in this context.
“Right now we have good power reserves.
But energy production that is more intermittent will make us dependent on other countries and our international ties will be more
important.”
ABB is developing products and systems
for all conceivable production technologies.
But Johan Söderström believes that in Sweden
hydropower is the greenest source.
“If we can preserve the biological diversity
surrounding hydropower, it is the best option
for basic energy. We are going to live up to that.”
We could get electricity from water in more
of Sweden’s rivers. Wave power, for which pilot
products are currently under way on the west
coast, is one alternative. Underwater currents
and tides are other potential energy sources.
Wind power, particularly the offshore
kind, is an obvious component in the technology mix that will make sure electricity keeps
coming out of the two holes in the wall.
“A lot of improvements could be made to
offshore wind power. Floating power plants,
instead of those fixed to the seabed, are being discussed in Norway and elsewhere. And
they’re good at wind power in Denmark. This
could be a successful Nordic initiative.”
But land-based wind power will, of course,
still be around in the future.
The sun is clearly the ultimate energy
source.
Subsidies have given a strong boost to solar
in Germany.
“Many people were against solar energy subsidies, but it has at least resulted in cheap and
reliable solar panels, and energy production
from the sun has been growing the fastest in
recent years globally. Where it’s suitable, the
sun is a fantastic sourse of electricity.”
One area that is suitable is North Africa.
There, ABB is involved in Desertec, a project
that would give the countries in the region and
in Europe a big dose of green energy.
“Unfortunately this has not developed as far
as we had hoped. Political unrest in the region
has made it much more difficult.”
Another, more spectacular solar energy project, Solar Impulse, shows more promise. Last year the solar plane completed a major
portion of a planned around-the-world trip using only solar energy.
“When Solar Impulse was presented
ABB, with our CEO Ulrich Spiesshofer
leading the way, quickly decided that
the company should be involved. It’s a
groundbreaking project that shows the
potential of solar energy and it’s providing tremendous inspiration about
what’s possible. We hope to see the plane
landing in Sweden one day.”
Regardless of how energy is used,
more collaboration between European
countries would be a good way of ensuring access to renewable energy.
“The development headed by Gunnar
Asplund with his colleagues at ABB in
Ludvika to transfer high voltage direct current and his vision of connected grids,
are slowing advancing in Europe and parts of
Africa.
Nordlink, a powerful direct current cable
between Norway and Germany, is about to be
built. It will give Germany hydropower, a good
source of balance power.
“It’s a good thing that the connections are
increasing. It’s creating the conditions for
urope to investment more in wind power
E
production where the wind blows the most
and in solar energy in areas with the strongest
sunshine.”
Stored energy will also play an important
role in moving energy – on a small scale and a
large scale in time rather than geographically.
pending on the local conditions. Consumers
will be producers.”
And grids will be smarter. Who hasn’t heard
about smart grids?
“They’re already quite good. But distribution plants are being developed as well as control systems for them. IT solutions will make it
possible to match supply with demand.”
Several pilot projects for this are being run in Sweden.
No matter how energy is produced
or how smart and well-developed a grid
is, it is still wise to economise with the
resources. Using energy efficiently is the
trend right now.
“The Nordic paper industry is probably the best in the world at energy efficiency solutions and is working all the
time on improvements. It’s the same
in the mining industry. But industries
around the world could do more. If all
pumps, compressors and fans had energy efficient engines with regulated
rotational speed, we could save as much
energy as was produced in the whole of the EU
in 2013. That would be good for the climate.”
“The equipment of the future in the industry and in grids will of course be connected
to the internet. Smart sensors will keep track
of how they’re doing and send alerts when it’s
time for maintenance or upgrades,” says Johan
Söderström, who sees ABB becoming more oriented towards software and service.
»The low price combined
with the capacity tax is a
problem. If nuclear power
disappears too soon it will
be difficult to guarantee
a reliable supply and
producing electricity may
result in more climate gases.«
This will simplify the use of solar and wind.
Johan Söderström is certain that many new
powerful transmission networks will be built
around the world. But at the opposite end of
the spectrum, microgrids will also be very important in countries without a power grid.
“So it’s not possible to say whether the scale
of electricity production in the future will be
large or small. It will be a combination, de45
Fuel cells for fossil-free
transport
P
articipants at a seminar in March arranged by IVA in cooperation with
the Chemical Society of Japan, Japan
Society for the Promotion of Science, SwedenJapan Foundation and the Embassy of Japan
learnt about Toyota’s plans for its fuel cell
vehicles (FCV).
Koichi Kojima is responsible for the company’s fuel cell programme. The expectations are
high that Toyota will take a leading role in the
world in FCV development, just as the car giant
did with its hybrids. The technology is still at
the heart of Toyota’s investment in the future.
“It’s hard to know what will be the fuel of
the future. That’s why we’re studying and exploring various alternatives at Toyota,” he said.
Fuel cells have advantages at medium and
long distances: They have high energy density,
can be quickly refuelled and there are no carbon emissions.
Toyota is working on lowering manufacturing costs for its fuel cell vehicle, Mirai, and
has given free access to almost all of the patent
licenses for the important fuel cell technology
found in it. 5,680 patents – including for stacks,
tanks and control systems – were released in
January 2015 until 2020. The reason is simple:
“We want to help boost the market to promote the construction of more hydrogen fuelling stations,” said Koichi Kojima.
Niclas Damsgaard, Jan Nordling and Erica Edfeldt.
Small-scale solar energy is the
winner in taxes and subsidies
L
arge-scale hydropower is the biggest loser in terms of taxes, fees, subsidies and
exceptions. Small, solar units connected to the grid are the big winners, according
to a study from Electricity Crossroads carried
out by Erica Edfeldt and Niclas Damsgaard of
Sweco. They have worked out how seven poli
tically legislated taxes, fees and subsidies will
actually affect Swedish electricity production.
Calculated per kWh, the net effect will be
a cost of nine öre (SEK 0.09) for large-scale
hydropower. On the other hand, small-scale
solar, which also delivers electricity to the grid,
will receive SEK 1.67 in support for every kWh.
“There are big variations in the effects of
government taxes and fees on different types
of electricity production,” said Erica Edfeldt
when the study was presented.
46
ABOUT ELECTRICITY
CROSSROADS
The project is preparing reports and
analysis to inform Sweden’s energy policy
and drive the energy debate, incorporating
new perspectives. The project consists
of the Steering Committee and five work
groups. Bo Normark is Chairman of the
Steering Committee. The project period for
Electricity Crossroads is 2014–2016.
ENERGY
Hopeful
about
renewable
energy
A
dnan Amin, Director-General of
the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), talks about
the explosive development in renewable energy in recent years. He believes it is possible
to reach the UN goal of double the amount
of renewable energy by 2030.
“After many years of discussion about
clean energy, we have been seeing a real revolution globally over the past five to six years.
Despite the decline in the global economy,
renewable energy sources continue to grow,”
says Adnan Amin, who visited Sweden and
IVA in August.
IRENA has more than 170 member nations. The organisation was founded in
2009 for the purpose of promoting renewable energy in various ways.
“We are seeing more and more examples
in the world, particularly in developing
countries where the cost of producing electricity from renewable energy sources is in
many cases lower or on a par with conventional types of energy,” says Adnan Amin.
The climate issue is a major challenge for
the whole world. Renewable energy has a
key role to play in reducing global carbon
emissions. Up to now much effort has been
put into the electricity side – the proportion of renewable electricity production has
exceeded 30 percent.
In Sweden the situation for renewable
energy is good, according to Adnan Amin,
thanks, among other things, to a deregulated electricity market and various stimulus packages. He hopes that Sweden in the
future will be part of an EU-wide energy
union.
Adnan Amin.
47
Innovative
Bavaria
inspires
A
t the beginning of the autumn
the Industrial Research Committee (IRC) went on its annual trip
abroad, this time to Munich and Heidelberg
in southern Germany.
During a well-planned week the thirteen
delegates managed to visit ten or so locations, the first ones in the company of Sweden’s new Ambassador to Germany, Lars
Danielsson. On the agenda was a chance for
the group to learn more about Germany’s
well-developed institute system at Fraunhofer, test small-scale innovation in practice at a microbrewery, take a guided tour
through the 10 sq km site of chemicals company BASF and experience creative start-up
environments at UnternehmerTUM (Technical University of Munich).
The discussions following each visit were
lively and the participants left with many
impressions as they returned to their respective workplaces.
ABOUT IRC
The Industrial Research Committee (IRC)
consists of 15 individuals who are actively
involved in R&D and innovation. They are
elected for a three-year period.
The IRC has been taking an annual weeklong field trip to another country since the
committee was formed in 1970. The first trip
was to the east coast of the USA, in 2014 the
Committee travelled to USA’s west coast and in
2015 the destination was southern Germany.
Peter Holmstedt is Chairman for the period
2014–2016.
48
Algeria’s academy joins the
international network
I
n spring 2015 IVA was one of five academies
to help found the Algerian Science and
Technology Academy (Asta).
IVA took part in the selection process for
Asta’s first members. Out of just over 430 can-
didates, 46 were considered the most qualified to be the new academy’s first members.
Academia, business and industry, homeland
and diaspora are all represented among the 46
members, 22 of whom are women.
The head of the delegation was Catherine
Brechignac, Permanent Secretary of the
French Academy of Sciences, who handed over
the list of names to Algeria’s Minister for Education and Research.
Africa can be the engine
for growth in Europe
T
Anders Borg.
he potential for growth in Sub-Saharan African nations has improved significantly, according to Sweden’s former Minister for Finance, Anders Borg, who
spoke at a seminar arranged by IVA’s Africa
Programme Council. The growth rate is 6–7
percent annually.
“By 2050 40 percent of all young people in
the world will be in Africa. Africa is part of
our future and can be an engine for Europe.”
Raw materials are still very important to
the economies of African nations.
“Africa will attract low-wage industries such
as the textile industry. The conditions will be
tough, but this will drive more development.”
Anders Borg said he can see a path towards
49
democratisation. The number of conflicts has
in fact gone down since the 1990s.
“The heads of the central banks have done a
good job in sorting out the macro-economy of
the countries and there have been many international direct investments in infrastructure.”
There are numerous reasons for the positive
trend. Agricultural reform is one factor. A significant increase in the use of mobile phones
and telecommunication is another. In 2000
2 percent of the population had mobile phones.
Eleven years later the figure was 50 percent.
“Farmers can use their mobiles to look up
the market price for their products so that
they don’t just have to accept any price offered,” says Anders Borg.
E D U C AT I O N
AND R ESE ARCH
A supply of talent is crucial for Sweden’s growth.
Our universities are under new pressure. They
will have an important role to play in the lifelong
learning of their students. The skillsets that new
arrivals bring with them to Sweden must be put to
good use – fast. IVA is focusing on future-oriented
issues relating to talent supply and research.
50–51
E D U C AT I O N A N D R E S E A R C H
Digitalisation requires
new skills and univer
sities with a strong
international reputation
»Universities will
be in contact with
their graduates
throughout their
professional lives
to offer them the
latest knowledge.«
ABOUT ULF EWALDSSON
Ulf Ewaldsson, MSc Eng, started at Ericsson in
1990. Since 2012 he has served as Senior Vice
President and Chief Technology Officer, a job
that has included overseeing Ericsson’s 5G
development.
Ulf is a member of the Board of Lund University
and of the European Cloud Partnership Steering
Board. He has been a member of Division
XII Information Technology since 2015 and
is a member of the Steering Committee for
Attractiveness for Sustainable Growth.
A
tremendous social transformation is
not only knocking at the door, it has
more than one foot inside the door of
the mass-producing industrial society that has
been the norm until – well, just recently. Of
this, Ulf Ewaldsson, Group CTO and Head of
Technology and Research at Ericsson, is certain.
“We’re already dependent on, or even controlled by, our smartphones,” he says.
But it is more than the ubiquitous mobile
phones that have opened his eyes to the huge
transformation going on.
“We’ve talked about the information society for decades. The World Wide Web and the
internet came in the 1990s. The new economy
turned everything upside down. At that time
people grossly overestimated the possibilities
of technology. But now the information society is about to be implemented. And there will
be consequences – big ones.”
He predicts that it will be dramatic for
all industrial companies – regardless of sector.
There are several reasons why society is about
to enter a new phase, but not since the industrial revolution at the end of the 1700s has
52
technology played such a big role in the way
society is developing.
Digitalisation, cloud-based applications,
data centres, fast broadband, mobility and attitudes to it are driving this development.
“It’s leading to a gigantic skills transformation in the same way as mass production created the consumer society.”
When society becomes dependent on cloudbased solutions for more and more things, such
as medical journals, the need for relevant and
robust infrastructure increases.
“We need to mobilise our collective national
capacity in order to manage this. The universities of technology have an important mission
here. And the Government’s mandate for education and research must be aligned with this.”
One essential component in the information society is knowledge. A good citizen is one
armed with knowledge. Without k nowledge,
information is meaningless. If we look up the
word carbon in Wikipedia, we can read that
carbon is an element with atomic number
six. What good is that information without
knowledge?
“It’s a mistake to believe that Google can
replace lifelong learning. Schools need to give
53
us basic knowledge. You can’t surf to get that.
Fact-based knowledge is essential.”
Since the amount of information available
is rapidly and constantly growing, the need for
more knowledge is also increasing.
Universities will need to have very long relationships with their students to satisfy that
need.
“Universities will be in contact with their
graduates throughout their professional lives
to offer them the latest knowledge.”
is that too few women want to become engineers. The information society needs them. It’s
dangerous for the technology transformation
and development to be unisex. It’s important
for universities to attract more women to their
engineering programmes.”
Ericsson’s goal is to have a workforce with 30
percent female employees no later than 2020.
Diversity is a competitive advantage and a
leadership issue.
far too long at the moment. Knowledge is a
perishable item in the information society.
Ulf Ewaldsson thinks that Swedish higher
education works well but, as we all know, good
can always be better.
“We should look more closely at education
systems in other countries. Education and research are connected. It is an excellent idea for
skilled researchers to be teachers as well. That’s
the case at Stanford. The ability to inspire and
communicate the very latest in technology is an important skill. Research
should not be an isolated activity.”
Swedish research is doing well in an
international perspective. Investments
in things like graphene in Gothenburg, and MAX IV and ESS in Lund
are good examples. National arenas are
a forum where academia and industry
can join forces to generate interdisciplinary development. More of these arenas are
needed.
“Sweden has a tradition of research around
our big industries. We need to build on that.
At the same time, we should be proud of the
technical development we have achieved. But
research grants are all too often broken up into
small snippets.”
One dimension is lacking from the Swedish
research arsenal – cyber defence research.
“China and the USA are investing a lot
in this. In Europe we’re probably a bit naive
when it comes to cyber technology. Sweden
»It’s a mistake to believe that
Google can replace lifelong
learning. Schools need to give
us basic knowledge.«
Ulf Ewaldsson does not believe
for a minute that university campuses will disappear and be replaced
by MOOCs (Massive Open Online
Courses).
“No, that form of education will
not tear down any campuses. Students want to belong to a class where
they’re physically present. And people learn a
lot during coffee breaks as well. It’s in the many
physical meetings in a stimulating educational
environment that ideas for the next start-up
or research project are born. On the contrary,
MOOCs can attract more people to attend
university.”
Ericsson’s CTO believes that Swedish universities provide a high calibre education.
“From a quality perspective, new engineering graduates have a good education. But more
businesses are now realising that they need to
recruit engineering graduates. One problem
Diversity is more than a question of gender.
The knowledge and skills possessed by immigrants and refugees are resources that Sweden
is missing out on.
“Here in Sweden we are essentially forcing
people who have a foreign education to do it
all over again before they can start to work.
That’s totally wrong. Nurturing the skills
brought into this country is really important.
Perhaps they could take a couple of supplementary courses, but Swedish industry needs the
engineers entering the country.”
The qualification validation process takes
54
has a great opportunity right now to create
a national cyber technology initiative.” Cyber
defence is at least as important as other, more
physical, defence capabilities.
The ability to transform is important for a
country or business that wants to remain at
the forefront. Ericsson is a successful and longstanding example. Partnering with universities
and other companies is a success factor.
“We have strategic agreements with all the
universities of technology. In these agreements
we describe what we need. I wish this was applied on a national level.”
But for a big corporation conducting research, not everything is solved by external
collaboration. Ulf Ewaldsson is CTO for more
than 10,000 researchers and developers in
Sweden. Overseas there are even more and the
company’s R&D budget is over SEK 30 billion.
But it is not only brilliant engineers that have
Ulf as their top boss.
“Behavioural scientists have an obvious role
in our organisation as well. Moral and legal issues related to the information society need to
be resolved. The world needs to be more humane. What happens if self-driving cars crash?
This is also an issue for academic research.”
Not even a research giant like Ericsson has
the ambition to discover and develop every-
thing from scratch. This culture was created
back during the company’s first years in existence. Manufacturing of Swedish telephones
began just two years after Alexander Bell’s
telephone patent was filed. And things went
well, to say the least.
“Using technology developed by others
and industrialising it on a large scale is part
of E ricsson’s culture. We are good at commercialising. A cluster of small businesses
and universities around big corporations is a
good model. We live in symbiosis with small
enterprises around us. Everything is connected
much more now than before.”
That includes the relationship between
goods and services. In the mass consumption
society – which Ulf Ewaldsson believes is on
the way out – a manufacturer produced, for example, a BBQ grill. It was marketed and sold.
End of story.
“But think about how little time you actually spend grilling on the grill you own. Now possessions are becoming less significant. It isn’t
as important to own them anymore. The sharing economy and servicification will take over.
People will buy a service instead of a thing.”
Robot vacuum cleaners can serve as an example. The buyer of one of these is actually
paying for the vacuuming service.
M EE TI NGS: ED UC ATION AN D R ESE ARCH
4 May – Stockholm
Has Sweden got a university policy?
Seminar – Division XI Education and Research Policy – Participants
including Helene Hellmark Knutsson, Minister for Higher Education and Research
5 May – Umeå
How the university and the business
community can work together to
strengthen the Umeå region
Seminar – IVA’s Business Executives Council, IVA
North, Norrlandsfonden and Göran Sandberg
Sweden – Attractive enough
for private research facilities?
Seminar – IVA’s Programme Council in
preparation for the forthcoming research
bill
Collaboration – How does it impact
research and researchers?
Seminar – The Young Academy of Sweden and IVA
How can we develop research
to solve society’s problems?
Seminar – Research Outlook project
55
“The trend will affect the whole of society.
Self-driving cars shared with others will result
in fewer vehicles on the roads. In the past people bought a new product before the old one
was worn out. But soon washing machines or
microwave ovens will be connected to the web.
It will be possible for their software to be updated to upgrade the machines in a flash.”
Digitalisation is also creating huge amounts
of data. With the internet of things, all measurement data and all industrial control can
become digital data. With ones, zeros and software it is possible to achieve almost anything.
“The technology is already cheap and can
help us improve resource efficiency. In agriculture, simple sensors can tell us exactly when
fields need to be fertilised.”
Ulf Ewaldsson believes that the information
society can optimise the use of resources. The
word “economy” will revert back to its original
meaning: economising with resources.
Mobility with 5G and putting more and
more things up in the cloud are essential.
“Ericsson is running numerous 5G projects.
In 5G for Sweden we’re working in cooperation
with ABB, Boliden, Scania and others to see
how it will impact their businesses.”
That the Swedish telecom giant really
believes in cloud-based solutions is clearly evident, if nothing else, by the company’s SEK 7
billion investment in three data centres – one
in Linköping, one in Rosersberg outside Sigtuna and the third in Montreal, Canada.
“That’s our cloud. It’s where our engineers,
regardless of where they are in the world, will
be able to test software. The data centres will
be hubs for our software development. I see
them as a consequence of the acquisitive society winding down and the trend of sharing
resources.”
So 5G is the foundation for the information
society, but Ulf Ewaldsson doesn’t want to
prophecy about what will come next.
“6G perhaps? I’m just happy to be part of
everything that’s happening right now. And
IVA has a role to play as an arena where different stakeholders can gather. The Attractiveness
for Sustainable Growth project, which I’m part
of, is an obvious example of this.”
KI
researchers
made the
longest
journey
P
edro Réu, a doctoral candidate at
Karolinska Institutet (KI), was the
winner of the tenth and final round
of Vinnova’s Mentor4Research programme.
In 2015 close to 71 researchers from Swedish universities took part in the programme.
70 percent of them were born outside Sweden and the nine finalists represented seven
nationalities.
The aim of Mentor4Research is to give
researchers commercialisation experience
and know-how. Almost all of the 2015 finalists talked in their brief presentations for
the jury and audience about their plans to
start a business one day.
When Mentor4Research started in 2005
seven researchers took part. Ten years on,
there were 71 researchers and the same number of mentors. A total of 400 researchers
have learnt more about the business world.
Rolf Skoglund has been Chairman of the
project throughout the decade.
“For the researchers, the importance of
commercialising their research has definitely increased. Understanding how research
can be useful is important.”
In 2016 the programme will have a different format. It will be linked locally to the
university in the area. IVA will continue to
be involved to guarantee the quality of the
programme and organise the annual finale.
“We have created a solid process that I
hope will continue to be used in the future.
This model is too good to end up on the
shelf,” says Rolf Skoglund.
2015
MENTOR4RESEARCH WINNERS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
56
2006: Aatto Laaksonen,
Stockholm University
2007: Caroline Olgart Höglund, KI
2008: Åsa Wheelock, KI
2009: Daniel Lundin, Linköping University
2010: Lars Sävendahl, KI
2011: Ulrica Almhöjd, University
of Gothenburg
2012: Galia Pozina, Linköping University
2013: Moa Fransson, Uppsala University
2014: Pernilla Videhult Pierre, KI
2015: Pedro Réu, KI
Inspiring engineering
internships at 120 locations
S
tudents in Sweden’s engineering programmes who have completed an internship under the Tekniksprånget
programme have an advantage. They consider
themselves highly motivated to study and the
drop-out rate is lower than for other degrees.
“That’s what our surveys show,” says Alex
andra Ridderstad, Project Manager for
Tekniksprånget since February 2015.
A lower drop-out rate means gains – including financial ones – for both the university
and society in general. And more engineers
are needed in a technology-driven country like
Sweden. The 250 employers offering internships and mentoring through Tekniksprånget
have realised that.
“In 2015 we increased the focus on creating a
strong regional foothold for the project. Now
Tekniksprånget is in 120 locations in Sweden.”
The project offers more than internship
placements. Students at the upper secondary
schools visited often know little about the
businesses in their local area.
“Our school visits have showed us that students don’t know about the opportunities local businesses are offering. That’s why we ask
past interns to go back to their school and talk
about it.”
An internship can open their eyes to a part
of the job market they did not know existed.
“Just over nine out of ten young people have
no idea about the technology needs and opportunities that exist in the public sector. After
an internship at a public authority, the same
number of students say that they can imagine
being employed there.”
And this might also be an extra bonus for
public sector employers. The 19–21 year olds
that Tekniksprånget targets want to be involved and change society.
“Companies in big cities with big, wellknown brands may receive the most applications, but we are seeing young people getting
involved in social issues as well. Employers who
can’t describe how their business benefits society should probably pay attention, because
young people are calling them out.”
According to Alexandra Ridderstad, employers and interns alike are happy with the
impact Tekniksprånget is having. The model
could therefore be used as a component in the
Government's Snabbspår (Fast track) initiative.
The idea is to make it easier for new arrivals to
get established in the job market.
“The Swedish Association of Graduate Engineers and employer association Pakta want to
see if Tekniksprånget’s model can work for new
arrivals with an engineering education. That’s
why we’ve launched Jobbsprånget. At this point
it’s a pilot project,” says Alexander Riddarstad.
57
ABOUT TEKNIKSPRÅNGET
Tekniksprånget is being run by IVA at the
request of the Government to increase interest
among young people in applying to study for an
engineering degree.
Tekniksprånget is an internship programme for
upper secondary school graduates under the
age of 21 who have the qualifications to apply
for an engineering degree.
The internships last for four months and interns
are paid SEK 13,500 a month.
Jan-Eric Sundgren. Alexandra Ridderstad took
over as Project Manager in February 2015.
Thomas Strand, Peter Nygårds and Cecilia Schelin Seidegård.
More business people on university boards
T
he Research Outlook project has looked
at the backgrounds of members of university boards. International comparisons have been made and opinions have been
gathered and compiled. Changes from 2007
to 2013 have been analysed. The study was presented at an IVA seminar in Almedal.
The number of members with a private sector background has increased, while the number of politicians has gone down. This trend is
the strongest at the newer universities. At the
older ones, like Uppsala and Lund, no big difference was noted.
Although there are fewer politicians on the
boards, the chairmen usually have a publicsector background.
The overall conclusion of the study is that
the boards work relatively well.
Cecilia Schelin Seidegård is Chairman of
the University of Gothenburg’s board.
“Although I used to have a negative opinion about it, today I think it’s a good idea to
have more people from outside. In a board a
lot depends on the chairman. We are, after all,
talking about a big institution that has to be
governed. But it’s not such a bad idea to have
politicians on the board; they can help with
government contacts,” she said.
Peter Nygårds is the Chairman of Mid Sweden University. He thinks the chairman is the
one tasked with shaping the university’s mission.
“The total number of board members is
more than on company boards. That’s why
people aren’t always that used to being on a
board,” he said.
According to Thomas Strand, a member the
Riksdag (S) and of the Education Committee,
a chairman should be a driving force and the
board members need to work as a team.
“But just because someone is a politician it
doesn’t disqualify them from holding a board
position,” he said.
Umeå should use Stanford as a role model
A
bout 60 people from the municipal
authority, the university and the private sector gathered for discussion
and networking at a meeting hosted
by IVA North, IVA’s Business Executives Council and Norrlandsfonden on 5 May.
The speaker was Göran Sandberg, Executive Director of the
Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation. He is one of the most powerful players in Swedish research and former Vice-Chancellor of Umeå University. The theme was how
the university and business community can
work together to strengthen the Umeå region.
“In Sweden we regard universities as innovation factories,” said Göran Sandberg. “But I
think we should use Stanford as a role model.
Their most important products are
not companies, but mature and
talented students.”
After the presentation there
was a lively debate. Is Umeå University capable of attracting researchers to the extent that bigger
universities can? Can the region compete
for capital on the same terms? That the students are Umeå’s engine was something many
agreed on. But how can we make sure that they
stay in the city after they graduate?
58
ABOUT RESEARCH OUTLOOK
Research Outlook is focusing on a few issues
at a time with the aim of providing concrete
ideas and proposals for prioritised measures.
With the help of in-depth studies, the
research policy debate will be advanced in a
constructive way.
Gunnar Svedberg.
The job
market needs
more than
technical
expertise
E
ngineers with good technical expertise are essential for society as a whole.
But that is not the only thing needed
in the future according to Carola Lemne,
General Director of the Confederation of
Swedish Enterprise, who spoke at a seminar
in Almedalen arranged by Tekniksprånget.
Globalisation is one reason. People need to
learn how to learn and never stop.
“But are our universities really equipped
for lifelong learning?” she wondered.
Roger Mörtvik is State Secretary at the
Ministry of Education and Research.
“It’s not just about formal education. Expertise is a changing thing and social skills
etc. are also needed,” he said.
According to him there is no real shortage of engineers. But there is a matching
problem in the job market; employers are
not finding new employees with the right
skills. The new four-year technical programme at upper secondary schools will,
however, make it easier for companies to recruit people with an appropriate education.
But the shortage of engineers is still a
problem. Engineers are a key component in
the public sector as well.
“We need to recruit around 12,000 engineers. Technical skills are needed throughout the field of community planning.
They’re needed in the digitalisation of the
welfare system as well,” said Håkan Sörman,
Director General of SKL (Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions).
Carola Lemne.
59
Meetings in
Almedalen
Dinner and conversation in the garden.
A
brand new project, seminars and
lively discussions were offered by
IVA during the Almedal Week.
But the most upbeat, practical and educational event was perhaps the premiere of
the Academy’s Restfest (Waste Fest). During
the popular Schnippeldisco, IVA’s Resource
Efficient Business Models project showed how
raw material waste can be significantly
reduced. Under expert guidance, the participants prepared delicious dishes made
from leftovers and food waste. At a packed
seminar a new project called Innovation in
the Forest Industry was launched. The Electricity Crossroads project presented scenarios
for future electricity use as well as a debate
with politicians on how their decisions will
affect future electricity use. Education and
research were also analysed in depth at two
IVA seminars. And of course there were opportunities to mingle and enjoy the pleasant atmosphere with plenty of guests and a
tasty meal made from local produce. All this
in a garden overlooking the Baltic Sea with
the sun setting over the rooftops.
Olof Sandberg.
Cecilia Schelin Seidegård.
Rickard Nordin, Cecilie Tenfjord-Toftby and Maria Weimer.
ABOUT ALMEDAL WEEK
Almedal Week 2015 had as many visitors as in
2014, the “super-election year.” The organisers
estimated that 35,000 unique visitors took part
during the week.
IVA has participated in Almedal Week since
2009. By arranging seminars and meetings the
Academy has an impact and strengthens its
own networks. Topical issues are addressed
and discussed, particularly those relating to
IVA’s projects. Many IVA members take part in
activities arranged by other organisations as well.
60
Günther Mårder and Anna Bünger.
Cilla Benkö.
Roger Mörtvik.
Kristina Sundin Jonsson, Carola Lemne and Håkan Sörman.
Peter Gudmundson.
Pam Fredman.
Michael Jacob.
Kristina Persson.
Peter Nygårds, Gunnar Svedberg and Eva Krutmeijer.
Bo Diczfalusy.
Maria Sunér Fleming.
IT cluster attracted the Student Council
C
ooperation, bonding exercises and a
visit to Google’s European headquarters in Dublin were on the agenda
when IVA’s Student Council had its traditional kick-off conference in autumn 2015. It
was Dublin’s IT cluster that attracted the Stu-
Royal fund awards
14 scholarships
K
ing Carl XVI Gustaf 50th Anniversary Fund for Science, Technology and the Environment
was created in connection with H.M.
the King’s 50th birthday. The board of
the fund, which is chaired by the King,
awarded 14 scholarships in 2015 at the
Royal Palace of Stockholm. Four scholarship recipients were nominated by
IVA: Gustav Berggren, Romain Bordes,
Natalia Ferraz and Niclas Svensson.
The initiative for the fund came from
the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences,
the Royal Swedish Academy of Agriculture and Forestry and IVA to promote
research and technology development.
dent Council to visit Google where the topics
discussed included what it is like when your
biggest customers are also your biggest competitors, what makes the business climate in
Dublin so good, and which challenges and opportunities increased mobile use brings. The
Student Council was given an introduction to
the Google spirit and a tour of the offices. Each
of the floors has a different theme, with everything from swimming pools and swing sets to
a policy of a maximum distance of 50 metres to
the nearest café.
Intuitive 3D gesture
interaction recognised
Scholarships provide
inspiration abroad
hahrouz Yousefi, Senior Lecturer at the Department of Media
Technology, Linnaeus University,
received the Chester Carlson Research
Award in 2015 for his intuitive 3D gesture interaction work. He has developed
technology that uses hand gestures
in 3D as a way to communicate with
mobile entities.
The award goes to young, promising
information science researchers and is
administered by Xerox and IVA. It was
established in 1985 to commemorate
Chester Carlson who is of Swedish
descent and who laid the foundation for
the Xerox company.
ighteen young academics shared
SEK 1.8 million when the Hans
Werthén Foundation awarded
the 2015 scholarships. Since the fund
was established in 1990, a total of
398 scholarships for a combined SEK
47 million have been awarded. The
scholarships are to be used for study
abroad. Industrialist Hans Werthén
believed that international experience
is important.
Fields of study have included cell
factories, cancer, reliability of humanmachine mobile communication, ultrasound technology to diagnose stroke
and healthcare system management.
S
62
E
No two days
are the same
A
t IVA’s Conference Centre everyone
helps out.
“We circulate the tasks at hand.
In this way we learn how everything works
and work is fun. The person who takes a
reservation stays in contact with the customer throughout the process,” says AnnaKarin Friskopps, one of the team members.
According to Anna-Karin, everyone
pitching in like this is different to how it
works at other conference centres. And
there are other things that make IVA’s Conference Centre unusual as well.
“Few other facilities have an organisation
like IVA with its highly respected brand behind them. That alone gives us a stamp of
quality.”
The facility’s high quality is also confirmed by the highest rating – five crowns
– awarded by Svenska Möten, a conference
centre member organisation.
IVA’s many open seminars attract visitors
who, while being treated to a good dose of
knowledge, also get to experience a centrally
located and unique conference facility.
“It works in two ways. Our external customers come into contact with IVA.”
The customers represent education,
public administration, various organisations and big listed companies. Everyone is
welcome to the diverse meeting facilities at
Grev Turegatan 16 in Stockholm.
“We have everything here from the ultramodern Wallenberg Auditorium to our
stylish Banquet Hall. Our rooms are maintained continuously and upgraded to the
latest furnishing trends.”
The customers clearly enjoy what the
centre offers. Many come back on a regular
basis. And the comments commonly received
are: warm and friendly, pleasant atmosphere
and attractive and modern rooms.
63
A N N UA L M E E T I N G
On 23 October IVA members and guests assembled for the
Academy’s Annual Meeting. This was the 96th Annual
Meeting, an event steeped in tradition which concludes
with a gala banquet and dancing at Stockholm City Hall.
64–65
Maria Strømme.
Leif Östling, Björn O. Nilsson, Prince Carl Philip and Johan Weigelt.
Johan Weigelt
and Cecilia Weigelt.
Sonat Burman-Olsson
and Mats Olsson.
Princess Sofia and Leif Johansson, Eva Johansson and Prince Carl Philip,
Helene Hellmark Knutsson and Björn O. Nilsson.
Kristina Alsér and Jan Alsér.
Maria Östberg Svanelind
and Peter Larsson.
Anna Stradner and
Peter Schurtenberger.
Medals,
mingling
and dinner
T
Mary Walshok.
Princess Sofia, Prince Carl Philip, Lena Treschow Torell and Michael Treschow.
Helena Stålnert Svensson
and Åke Svensson.
Lina Bertling Tjernberg
and Oscar Tjernberg.
Karin Markides and
Konstantin Markides.
he celebration of IVA’s 96th Annual
Meeting was a festive occasion from
start to finish. First speeches, gold
medals and commemoration in Stockholm
Concert Hall; then a cocktail reception,
dinner and dancing at City Hall.
Leif Johansson, Chairman of IVA, described what makes Sweden attractive in
his speech in Stockholm Concert Hall. He
began with the two global corporations for
which he serves as chairman: Astra Zeneca
and Ericsson.
“At Astra Zeneca we have just concluded
an important initiative to attract 250 nonSwedish researches to Mölndal. And at
Ericsson in Kista we have employed several
hundred researchers from more than 30 nations,” he said.
In his speech, Leif Johansson highlighted
the fact that researchers move to Sweden because they find it attractive here.
Björn O. Nilsson, IVA’s President, presented the annual summary of “Progress in
Science and Technology” in which he mentioned the Research Bill to be presented
by Research Minister Helene Hellmark
Knutsson in 2016. The research community
in Sweden is debating what should be prioritised. There are plenty of opinions.
But Björn O. Nilsson noted that most
people at least agree that only good research
should be rewarded. His surprise guest, Professor Johan Rockström, said that sustainability is the path to prosperity and the key
to increased attractiveness.
67
Swedish meteorologist set the atmo
sphere’s powerful
waves in motion
I
n December 1956 meteorologist CarlGustaf Rossby became the first Swede
to be on the cover of Time Magazine.
Featuring a Swede as the top scientist in this
field was remarkable bearing in mind that
the USA was the world-leader in meteorology
at the time. But in fact most of the leading
meteorologists in the US and the world had
at some point been students or colleagues
of Rossby. He had also founded some of the
world’s foremost meteorological institutions.
A half century or so after his death, one of
the most significant Swedish scientists of the
20th century had almost been forgotten. He
lends his own name to the term Rossby waves
– the most powerful waves in the atmosphere,
which he identified and for which he developed the mathematic formula. His name also
lives on in the term Rossby diagram and the
so-called Rossby parameter used in weather
Sverker Sörlin
forecasts. There is also the
SMHI Rossby Centre in
Norrköping. Rossby was
also interested in the significance of greenhouse
gases in global warming
and took part in the discussions that led to the
beginning of carbon dioxide measurement at the
Mauna Loa observatory in
Hawaii in 1957. This was where the now so
familiar Keeling Curve was created. This serrated curve is an iconic confirmation of the
systematic rise in CO2 levels. Theoretically
the greenhouse effect had been known about
since the 1800s. One of Rossby’s predecessors
at Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius,
had presented convincing evidence back in
1896 showing that changes in CO2 composition would result in rising temperatures.
A rrhenius’ ideas were largely forgotten and
the general conception for more than half a
century was that humans did not have the
power to impact anything as great as the
planet or its climate.
Carl-Gustaf Rossby spent much of his career on military motivated meteorology in
the US and his research continued to play an
important role in security policy even after
he returned to his old homeland, Sweden, in
1947. In the 1950s he developed a programme
in Stockholm that would help to make the
Swedish capital a world hub for computerised
climate modelling and research. IPCC Chairman Bert Bolin was one of Rossby’s students.
68
Rossby died suddenly and unexpectedly of a
heart attack, literally at his desk in August
1957. He was restlessly active to the very end.
In many ways he was a phenomenon; at once
a formidable idea factory, a mighty one-man
institution who literally set the atmosphere of
an entire planet in motion, and a strong team
player who surrounded himself with original
and talented researchers with whom he could
discuss his many ideas and who in particular
had the ability to test them in many and long
theoretical computations. They were also tested in the BESK computer in Stockholm, the
ENIAC computer in Pennsylvania and eventually in the new computer in Princeton. But
in all of this frenzy of creativity and research,
he was also a reserved, sometimes mysterious
figure who left few clear clues about the things
he was intensely involved in.
The portrayal of Carl-Gustaf Rossby in
the 2015 Commemorative Booklet (and summarised here) was written by Professor Sverker
Sörlin.
Honorary Doctor of Engineering Leif Östling for his extraordinary
achievements as a business leader and CEO of Scania which, under
his leadership, developed into a world-leading heavy commercial
vehicle company. His strategic leadership is based on conviction, sound
knowledge and many years of experience. It is characterised by an
integrated approach, consistency and great confidence in his colleagues.
Professor Mary Walshok for her groundbreaking achievements in
promoting research-based, innovation-driven enterprise. She has
developed concepts and processes for the renewal of industry in various
regions, including San Diego. In 1985 she started CONNECT at UC
San Diego, a concept that was subsequently established in Sweden. The
concept links entrepreneurs with capital and expertise at an early stage.
2015 GOLD M EDALLI S TS
For “outstanding achievements in the Academy’s focus
areas,” IVA awarded its Great Gold Medal to Leif Östling,
Honorary Doctor of Engineering. The 2015 recipients of the
three Gold Medals were Mary Walshok, Gert Wingårdh
and Mikael Eriksson.
Professor Gert Wingårdh for his many years of excellence as
an architect and creator of numerous praised and awardwinning buildings in Sweden and abroad. For several decades
he has had a strong influence on Swedish architecture and
is an important role model for Sweden’s architects of today
and tomorrow.
Professor Mikael Eriksson for his groundbreaking and crucial work
developing scientific profiles, concepts and technology for synchrotron
rings at the research facilities MAX I, II, III and MAX IV (2016). Based
on advanced, multidisciplinary research, he has found innovative
solutions, and designed and implemented high-tech designs with untested
technology for broad scientific applications.
69
P R I M E M I N I S T E R PAY S A V I S I T
Manuel Valls, the Prime Minister of France, paid a flying visit to Sweden
in September for discussions with the Swedish Government. But the Prime
Minister also found time to give a speech about growth and innovation in
Europe at a well-attended IVA seminar. The Wallenberg Auditorium was
packed with leading figures from Sweden’s business community, organisations and the political sphere. Accompanying Manual Valls were several
French government officials and politicians. A number of European ambassadors located in Stockholm were also represented in the Wallenberg
Auditorium. The host was IVA’s Chairman Leif Johansson.
70
IVA Documentation 2015
Secretary to the Academy Johan Weigelt with the Executive Committee: Erik Lautmann, Pam Fredman, Maria Strømme, Leif Johansson, Anders Nyrén,
Marie Ehrling and Björn O. Nilsson.
THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
Chairman Leif Johansson (Div. VI) Chairman 2012–2017
Anders Nyrén (Div. IX) Vice Chairman 2014–2016
Marie Ehrling (Div. VI) Vice Chairman 2013–2015
Pam Fredman (Div. XI) Vice Chairman 2015–2017
Maria Strømme (Div. VII) Vice Chairman 2015–2017
Erik Lautmann (Div. VI) Business Executives Council Chairman 2013–2015
Björn O. Nilsson (Div. X) President 2008–2017
Karin Larsson (Div. V)
Eric Giertz (Div. VI)
Jan-Eric Sundgren (Div. VII)
Elisabet Salander Björklund (Div. VIII)
Michael G:son Löw (Div. IX)
Inger Andersson (Div. X)
Christina Ullenius (Div. XI)
Ylva Hambraeus Björling (Div. XII)
Chairmen of IVA’s regional sections
Göran Carlsson, IVA North
Kar-Erik Årzén, IVA South
Rolf Andersson, IVA West
THE ADVISORY COUNCIL
The Advisory Council includes the Chairman of the Academy, the chairmen or vice chairmen of the Academy’s divisions, chairmen of the regional
networks and the President. The Secretary to the Academy as well as the
chairmen of the Business Executives Council and the Industrial Research
Committee are also called upon to attend meetings.
Chairmen of the IVA’s Business Executives Council and committees
Erik Lautmann, Business Executives Council
Peter Holmstedt, Industrial Research Committee (IRC)
Leif Johansson, Chairman
Björn O. Nilsson, President
Johan Weigelt, Secretary to the Academy
IVA MEMBERS
Details about the Academy’s members are included in the
register of members, 2015–2016.
Division chairs
Ulf Södergren (Div. I)
Karl Bergman (Div. II)
Åsa Söderström Jerring (Div. III)
Hans-Jürgen Federsel (Div. IV)
As of 31 December 2015, IVA had 925 Swedish members and
263 international members. For deceased members, the year they
were elected is included in brackets.
71
Some members of the Advisory Council. Standing, from left: Ylva Hambreus, Erik Lautmann, Karl-Erik Årzén, Hans-Jürgen Federsel, Jan-Eric Sundgren,
Leif Johansson, Rolf Andersson, Anders Ekblom, Christina Ullenius, Ulf Södergren, Peter Holmstedt and Magnus Breidne. Seated, from left:
Elisabet Salander Björklund, Karl Bergman, Åsa Söderström-Jerring, Björn O. Nilsson, Marie Hafström, Johan Weigelt and Staffan Boman.
Elected Swedish members
CEO Johnny Alvarsson (Div. VI)
Director Lars Andersson (Div. IV)
Professor Fredrik Bäckhed (Div. X)
CEO Tomas Carlsson (Div. III)
Vice-Chancellor Helen Dannetun (Div. XI)
Professor Anna Dubois (Div. VI)
Chief Information Security Officer Anne-Marie Eklund Löwinder (Div. XII)
Professor Mikael Eriksson (Div. VII)
Senior Vice President Ulf Ewaldsson (Div. XII)
Professor Sergei Glavatskih (Div. I)
Professor Anders Hamsten (Div. X)
Director General Carina Håkansson (Div. VIII)
Professor Fredrik Höök (Div. VII)
Dr Tom Johnstone (Div. I)
Associate Professor Henrik Jordahl (Div. IX)
Professor Danica Kragic Jensfelt (Div. II)
Professor Uday Kumar (Div. III)
CEO Hans Lindberg (Div. IX)
Director Johan Malmquist (Div. VI)
Associate Professor Sven Mattisson (Div. II)
CEO Ola Månsson (Div. III)
CEO Christer Norström (Div. XII)
Michael E Persson D.Eng (Div. IV)
Vice-Chancellor Karin Röding (Div. XI)
Professor Peter Schurtenberger (Div. IV)
Journalist Johan Schück (Div. IX)
Professor Erik Serrano (Div. VIII)
Professor Lars Strannegård (Div. IX)
Professor Rikard Söderberg (Div. I)
Professor Anna-Karin Tornberg (Div. VII)
Chairman Peter Wallenberg Jr (Div. XI)
Professor Pär Åhlström (Div. VI)
Elected international members
Professor Göran Roos
Professor Tomoko M. Nakanishi
President CEO Dag Mejdell
Professor Dr Markus Antonietti
Chairman of the Board Henrik Ehrnrooth
President Chairman Chunyuan Gu
Deceased members
Professor Hans L. Zetterberg (Div. VI, 1988)
Lars-Eric Janson D.Eng (Div. III, 1985)
Gunnar Engman MSc Eng (Div. VI, 1987)
Gunnar Sohlenius PhD (Div. I, 1982)
Lars Norberg MSc Eng (Div. I, 1974)
Peter Wallenberg Bachelor of Laws (Div. VI, 1974)
Professor Arnis Treimanis (International member, 1994)
Arne Rohdin MSc Eng (Div. II, 1977)
Professor Karl-Erik Larsson (Div. VII, 1980)
Professor Carl Djerassi (International member, 1984)
Professor Börje Steenberg (Div. VIII, 1959)
Professor Jan Remröd (Div. VIII, 1989)
Professor Jan Rydberg (Div. VII, 1983)
Karl Evert Flinck MSc Eng (Div. X, 1963)
Vice President George H Weyerhaeuser Jr (International member, 2003)
Dr Gunter Spur (International member, 1991)
Isidor Andersson MSc (Div. III, 1986)
72
Division VI – Management
Professor Eric Giertz, Chairman 2013–2015
Special Commissioner Marie Hafström, Vice Chairman 2013–2015
Senior Advisor Sven Löfquist, Vice Chairman 2013–2015
Secretary: Lotta Thörn
Number of members: 128
Tore Daun MSc (Div. VI, 1988)
Roland Widmark (Div. V, 1983)
Professor Sven-Erik Johansson (Div. IX, 1984)
Kalevi Numminen D.Eng (International member, 1986)
Gunnar Engström MSc Eng (Div. II, 1967)
Matti Otala D.Eng (International member, 1990)
Director Rolf Lindholm (Div. VI, 1985)
Ragnar Fast Lic Eng (Div. I, 1992)
Bertil Berg Engineer (Div. V, 1992)
Professor Jon Bing (International member, 2007)
Professor Pekka Jauho (International member, 1975)
Professor Nathan Rosenberg (International member, 1991)
Per Svedberg MSc Eng (Div. II, 1976)
Lars-Erik Nordström MSc Eng (Div. I, 1981)
Professor Endel Lippmaa (International member, 1992)
Director Per Olofsson (Div. VI 1999)
Division VII – Basic and Interdisciplinary Engineering Sciences
Professor Jan-Eric Sundgren, Chairman 2014–2016
Professor Hjalmar Brismar, Vice Chairman 2015–2017
Professor Sophia Hober, Vice Chairman 2015–2017
Secretary: Maria Dollhopf
Division VIII – Forest Technology
Director Elisabet Salander Björklund, Vice Chairman 2015–2017
Professor Paul Gatenholm, Vice Chairman 2014–2016
Ola Hildingsson, D.Eng h.c., Vice Chairman 2015–2017
Secretary: Hampus Lindh
IVA DIVISIONS
Division I – Mechanical Engineering
Chief Technology Officer Ulf Södergren, Chairman 2012–2015
CEO Per Grunewald, Vice Chairman 2014–2016
Professor Monica Bellgran Vice- Chairman 2015–2017
Secretary: Ingrid Jansson
Division IX – Economics CEO Michael G:son Löw, Chairman 2013–2015 Chairman Anders Lindberg, Vice Chairman 2015–2017
Staffan Bohman, MSc Bus. & Econ., Vice Chairman 2015–2017
Division II – Electrical Engineering Karl Bergman D.Eng, Chairman 2014–2016
Professor Lars Nielsen, Vice Chairman 2014–2016
Vice President Birgitta Resvik, Vice Chairman 2014–2016
Secretary: Johan Persson
Division X – Biotechnology
Inger Andersson, Vice Chairman 2014–2016
Björn Odlander, MD, Vice Chairman 2014–2016
CEO Anders Ekblom, Vice Chairman 2013–2015
Secretary: Maria Dollhopf
Division III – Building and Construction
Åsa Söderström Jerring MSc Bus & Econ, Chairman 2013–2015
Professor Peter Collin, Vice Chairman 2014–2016
Associate Professor Anna Kadefors, Vice Chairman 2013–2015
Secretary: Staffan Eriksson
Division XI – Education and Research Policy
Professor Christina Ullenius, Chairman 2015–2017
President Maria Khorsand, Vice Chairman 2012–2015
Director of Social Policy Peter Larsson, Vice Chairman 2015–2017
Secretary: Martin Wikström
Division IV – Chemical Engineering
Associate professor Hans-Jürgen Federsel, D.Eng, Chairman 2014–2016
Heije Westberg PhD, Vice Chairman 2013–2015
Professor Lennart Bergström, Vice Chairman 2015–2017
Secretary: Jan Westberg
Division XII – Information Technology
Chairman Ylva Hambraeus Björling, Chairman 2014–2016
Professor Anders Lansner, Vice Chairman 2014–2016
Research Director, Staffan Truvé, Vice Chairman 2015–2017
Secretary: Linda Olsson
Division V – Mining and Materials
Professor Karin Larsson, Chairman 2015–2017
CEO Per Storm, Vice Chairman 2014–2016
Gert Nilson D.Eng, Vice Chairman 2015–2017
73
REGIONAL SECTIONS
Johan Öberg, 2015–2017
Kristina Alsér (Div. I), 2015–2017
IVA North
Göran Carlsson (Div. V), Chairman 2015–2017
Lars-Eric Aaro (Div. V), Vice Chairman 2015–2017
Johan Sterte (Div. IV), Vice Chairman 2015–2017
Johan Persson/Lennart Elfgren (Div. III), Secretary
From the Office of the Academy
Camilla Koebe, Vice President Business and Communications
Monica Krutmeijer, Business Executives Council
Regional representatives 2015 (adjunct members)
Håkan Simonsen, IVA West
Kerstin Lindell, IVA South
Thomas Nilsson, IVA North
Lars Lindblom, Samarkand
IVA South
Karl-Erik Årzén (Div. II), Chairman 2013–2015
Göran Harrysson (Div. X), Vice Chairman 2015–2017
Lena Neij (Div. III), Vice Chairman 2012–2016
Anna Lindberg, Secretary
IVA West
Rolf Andersson (Div. IV), Chairman 2011–2015
Malin Persson (Div. XI), Vice Chairman 2014–2015
Håkan Simonsen, Vice Chairman 2015–2017
Svante Svensson (Div. X), Secretary 2013–2015
MEETINGS
Members of IRC
Chairman: Peter Holmstedt, Research Institutes of Sweden (Div. I)
2014–2016
Charlotte Andersson, LKAB 2014–2016
Emil Görnerup, Confederation of Swedish Enterprise 2014–2016
Lars G.J. Hammarström, Karolinska Institutet and Glionova 2015–2017
Karin Ifwer, Vattenfall AB 2015–2017
Michael Jacob, Ministry of Enterprise, Energy and Communications
2014–2016
Joakim Jeppsson, Skanska Sweden 2013–2015
Monica Ringvik, AB Volvo 2015–2017
Olle Steffner, BillerudKorsnäs 2014–2016
Katarina Stetler, Scania 2015–2017
Maria Stjerndahl, AkzoNobel 2013–2015
Galina Shubina, Schibsted Media Group 2015–2017
Andreas Sundblom, AkzoNobel 2013–2015
Bo Svedberg, Ecoloop 2014–2016
Daniel Taube, SKF 2013–2015
Marie Wall, VINNOVA 2013–2015
Secretary: Maria Dollhopf, IVA
Will Sub-Saharan Africa be the next economic miracle?
Seminar – IVA’s Africa Programme Council in cooperation with IVA West
BUSINESS EXECUTIVES COUNCIL
243 companies, government agencies and organisations were members of
the Business Executives Council in 2015. They were represented by 243
members, 113 alternates and 313 contact persons.
The Scandinavian 8 million city. High-speed train
Oslo–Gothenburg–Copenhagen
Seminar – Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences (NTVA)
and IVA West
Exchange for Innovation – Sweden and Sub-Saharan Africa Stockholm
Programme Council for New Markets Africa
Field trip to Google
Field trip – Division XII Information Technology
Resistance to antibiotics – a tangible threat to society
Seminar – Division X Biotechnology arranged in cooperation with Swedish Research Council Formas
Breakfast meeting with the Business Executives Council and Carola
Lemne, Confederation of Swedish Enterprise
IVA’s Business Executives Council
Increased Regional Attractiveness
Seminar – Attractiveness for Sustainable Growth project
Executive Body
Chairman: Erik Lautmann (Div. VI), 2013–2015
Vice Chairman: Eva Hamilton (Div. VI), 2015–2017
Vice Chairman: Pia Sandvik (Div. XI), 2015–2017
Mernosh Saatchi, 2014–2016
Jonas Wiström (Div. VI), 2014–2016
Lars Stugemo (Div. VI), 2015–2017
Magdalena Gerger (Div. VI), 2015–2017
Wood – An important engine for development of the Swedish forest industry
Seminar – Division VIII Forest Technology
Innovation and eHealth at home
Seminar – IVA’s Africa Programme Council for eHealth
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What will determine Sweden’s future electricity usage
– current status and forecasts
11 February – Lund
Skåne in Africa – how to do business in an emerging market
Seminar – IVA’s Programme Council for Africa and IVA Syd
Field trip to Sandvik Coromant
Field trip – Division III Building and Construction
Electricity in Italy, the UK and Spain
Autonomous systems – New possibilities!
Seminar – IVA’s Programme Council for Big Data
Replacement Models in Healthcare
and IVA’s Programme Council for eHealth
17 February – Luleå
What is it and what can it do for society?
Seminar – Big Data and IVA North
The path to resource-efficient industry
and Swedish Environmental Protection Agency
Crossroads for Sweden
Seminar – Collaboration between the three projects: Resource Efficient
Business Models – Greater Competitiveness, Attractiveness for
Sustainable Growth and Electricity Crossroads
25 March – Gothenburg
Big data – What is it and what can it do for society?
Seminar – IVA’s Programme Council for Big Data and IVA West
24 February – Gothenburg
Design Thinking – a new way of working with innovation
This is how to attract young talent!
Meet Anna Dyhre, employer branding expert
Network meeting – Tekniksprånget programme
Swedish Coast Guard, Roxtec AB and Eriksberg Vilt & Natus AB
Field trip – Division VI Management
Vehicle Aerodynamics for Performance
and Efficiency through Physical Modelling
Seminar – Division VII Basic and Interdisciplinary Engineering Sciences
From green chemistry to sustainable production
Seminar – Division IV Chemical Engineering
9 October – Luleå
Africa’s mineral resources – What can Norrland do?
Seminar – IVA North
Fuel-Cell Vehicles
Seminar – IVA, Chemical Society of Japan, JSPS,
SJF and the Embassy of Japan
Impact of new technology on electricity usage
Avicii – a Swedish export success
Breakfast meeting arranged by IVA’s Business Executives Council
with Avicii co-founder, Ash Pournouri
Winter Olympics in Stockholm – Economical sound or madness
Seminar – Division IX Economics
12 March – Lund
New potential but unknown materials
Seminar – IVA South
Natural gas, biogas and LNG – important for West Sweden's competitiveness!
Life’s building blocks and big data – the way to a better world?
Breakfast meeting with Mathias Uhlén arranged by IVA Division X
Biotechnology
Forest industry value chains
– research and innovation to generate more value
Seminar – Division VIII Forest Technology and Royal Swedish Academy
of Agriculture and Forestry (KSLA)
75
African mineral resources – How can Sweden contribute?
Seminar – IVA’s Programme Council for Africa
8 May – Gothenburg
Infrastructure investment – What’s the overall picture?
PostNord’s transformation – from letters to logistics and communication
Breakfast meeting with Håkan Ericsson – IVA’s Business Executives
Council
Electricity upon request – customer in focus?
Collaboration – How does it impact research and researchers?
Seminar – The Young Academy of Sweden and IVA
21 April – Gothenburg
West Sweden has its sights on the stars
Field trip to RUAG Space AB – IVA West
Challenges for modern materials technology
Seminar – Division V Mining and Materials
28 April – Lund
The combustion engine – a faithful servant that still delivers
Field trip and seminar – IVA South
Energy policy crossroads
Africa’s time is now – seminar with Anders Borg
Seminar – IVA’s Programme Council for Africa
4 May – Stockholm
Has Sweden got a university policy?
Seminar – Division XI Education and Research Policy
Efficient electricity supply in the future
– Can thorium-based nuclear reactor play a role?
5 May – Lund
Division IV – field trip to Lund
Field trip – Division IV Chemical Engineering and IVA South
Breakfast meeting with Sonat Burman-Olsson, Coop
Breakfast meeting – IVA’s Business Executives Council
5 May – Stockholm
3D printing – Industrial challenges opportunities
Seminar – Division I Mechanical Engineering and Division Mining and Materials
21 May – Kiruna
Building good cities of the future
– when you can start from scratch
Seminar – Division III Building and Construction and IVA North
5 May – Tollered, Lerum
Hydropower helped with industry expansion
Field trip – IVA West and NAV
Breakfast meeting with Niklas Prager, CEO Medivir
Seminar – Division X Biotechnology.
5 May – Umeå
How the university and the business community
can work together to strengthen the Umeå region
Seminar – IVA’s Business Executives Council, IVA North,
Norrlandsfonden and Göran Sandberg
Communication:
Technical and Commercial Challenges in the Future
Seminar – Division VII Basic and Interdisciplinary Engineering Sciences
6 May – Stockholm
Is personal integrity consistent with a safe society?
Cars that talk to each other
6 May – Luleå
Vattenfall and the future energy market
Seminar – IVA’s Business Executives Council, IVA North and
Norrlandsfonden and Magnus Hall
Has Sweden got good drinking water?
Seminar – Division X Biotechnology
1 June – Stockholm
Quality journalism in a media crisis
(in conjunction with the Assembly of the Academy)
7 May – Stockholm
Urbanisation’s drivers – What role do service companies play?
Seminar – Division VI Management
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Challenges for the Financial Supervisory Authority
Field trip – Division IX Economics
25 August – Lund
Field trip to Medicon Village
Field trip – IVA South
Recipharm – an entrepreneur to the stock market
Breakfast meeting with Lars Backsell – IVA’s Business Executives
Council
Future electricity system will solve environmental problems
– and create new ones
29 June – Visby
Almedalen: Innovation in the Forest Industry
Seminar – Innovation in the Forest Industry project
Collaboration between universities and industry – today and in the future
Seminar – In connection with the Assembly of the Academy
29 June – Visby
Almedalen: Electricity usage – how policy can have an impact
3 September – Trollhättan
Trollhättan Falls – the start for new production technology
Field trip – IVA West
29 June – Visby
Almedalen: Can increased technical expertise improve Sweden’s
innovative capacity?
Seminar with the Attractiveness for Sustainable Growth project
and Tekniksprånget
Electricity production – current situation and potential
Future media landscape
29 June – Visby
Almedalen: Schnippeldisco for improved resource efficiency
Resource Efficient Business Models project
A Year as Energy Minister
30 June – Visby
Almedalen: Increased Swedish attractiveness and competitiveness
– How can policy-makers help?
Forest biotechnology – How will the future of forestry
be affected by the advances in biology and genetics?
30 June – Visby
Almedalen: Electricity usage in the future
Seminar – Electricity Crossroads, Sustainable Innovation,
Siemens and Swedegas
15 September – Gothenburg
How can we secure a supply of future talent?
Seminar – Tekniksprånget project
30 June – Visby
Almedalen: Should all universities do the same thing?
and project Research Outlook project
Multifunctional composite materials for
energy storage in structural load paths
Better financing solutions for innovative and growing enterprises
16 September – Lund
Field trip to MAX IV lab in Lund
Field trip – Division VII Basic and Interdisciplinary Engineering Sciences.
Launch of new energy storage study
16 September – Luleå
Effects of digitalisation – from Swish to Rhinoceroses
Seminar – Jointly arranged by IVA North, Norrlandsfonden
and IVA’s Business Executives Council
Renewable energy – international trends and challenges
Seminar – Electricity Crossroads project in cooperation with
the Swedish Energy Agency
Welfare sector – growth sector that engages people
Breakfast meeting – IVA’s Business Executives Council
77
Investor – from rock drills to healthcare
Breakfast meeting – IVA’s Business Executives Council with Johan Forssell,
President of Investor
Acting together for Europe, Growth and Innovation
– High-level event with the French Prime Minister Manuel Valls
Seminar – Jointly arranged by IVA and the Embassy of France
in Stockholm
Sweden – Attractive enough for private research facilities?
Seminar – IVA’s Programme Council in preparation for the forthcoming
research bill
21 September – Gothenburg
We believe in Gothenburg! Media and image of Gothenburg
eHealth – Digital tools for better health
Seminar – IVA’s Programme Council for eHealth
22 September – Gävle
Systembolaget – from criticism to praise
Seminar – Cooperation Norrlandsfonden, IVA North
and IVA’s Business Executives Council
Headwind for Wind Power – perspective from Vestas
Breakfast meeting – IVA’s Business Executives Council with Anders
Runevad, President of Investor
The expansion that went wrong
– Can’t manufacturing companies handle export-driven growth?
Seminar – Division VI Management
and Division I Mechanical Engineering
Biohacking and the connected human body
Seminar – Division X Biotechnology
Pathways to 2050 – How to be even more resource-efficient
Field trip to Volvo Cars in Gothenburg
Field trip – Division XII Information Technology
Sweden’s future power grid – workshop on obstacles and solutions
New technology for new teaching methods – Is education keeping up?
Seminar – Division VII Basic and Interdisciplinary Engineering
Sciences
Not everyone can be an engineer or teacher
– but more should be given the chance
19 October – Luleå
After Facebook – the next step to improve
attractiveness and competitiveness
Seminar – Jointly arranged by IVA North, IVA’s Attractiveness for
Sustainable Growth project and Norrlandsfonden
28 September – Skellefteå
Natural resources, geopolitics and leadership
Seminar – Jointly arranged by Norrlandsfonden, IVA North
and IVA’s Business Executives Council with Lennart Evrell, CEO of Boliden.
Sustainable enterprise
Breakfast meeting – IVA West and IVA’s Business Executives Council with
Michael Treschow
Field Trip to Stockholm School of Economics
Field trip – Division IX Economics
Local competitiveness in a globalised world – What are the success factors?
Seminar – Attractiveness for Sustainable Growth project and ESBRI
30 September – Malmö
Good Cities of the Future
– Does this exist in the Greater Copenhagen area?
Seminar – Division III Building and Construction and IVA South
How can we attract the engineering heroes of the future?
Seminar – IVA’s Student Council
Transforming Business Through Research
– Chester Carlson Research Award 30 years
Seminar – IVA and Xerox
How can we attract the engineering heroes of the future?
Seminar – IVA’s Student Council and IVA West
Taxes and subsidies for electricity production – new study
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11 November – Gothenburg
Universeum – playing to generate knowledge
Field trip – IVA West
Circular economics and resource efficient business models
(with the Environmental Objectives Council)
Science and Society Forum: 3D Printing – Beyond the Tipping Point?
Seminar – Science and Society Forum 2015
The role of the banks in a society in rapid transition
Lunch meeting arranged by IVA’s Business Executives Council, IVA West
and Bankmannasällskapet i Göteborg (association of bankers)
The transformational IT and its disruptive effects
Theme Diversity – Come and be inspired!
Seminar – Tekniksprånget project
Chalmers Ventures – Innovation System 2.0
Mentor4Research 2015
Final Day – Mentor4Research project
Presentation of Programme Council for Africa’s final report
16 November – Lund
Progress in Science and Technology 2015
Sustainable leadership for Sodexo
Breakfast meeting – IVA’s Business Executives Council with
Azita Shariati, CEO Sodexo Sweden and Denmark
18 November – Luleå
Marian Radetzki – Oil market in transition
Seminar – IVA North
The future forest industry – What could Sweden learn from Japan?
Seminar – IVA, JSPS, SJF and the Embassy of Japan
Innovative chemical engineering companies
– What do they need to do to be world class?
Hearing – Division IV Chemical Engineering, IKEM and SISP
Key factors to make Sweden more attractive
Innovation – What can Sweden learn from Germany?
Seminar – IRC at the Assembly of the Academy
Are universities offering the right programmes?
How do we develop research to solve society’s challenges?
Seminar – Research Outlook project
Competition for the sustainable forest
The third machine revolution
– What will the consequences be for society?
Towards a competitive low carbon economy – Paris 2015
A seminar with the International Institute for Industrial Environmental
Economics, IIIEE and the IVA projects Electricity Crossroads and Resource
Efficient Business Models
Growth – not just in big cities – Annual Meeting of the Business
Executives Council
The Business Executives Council’s Annual Meeting
in cooperation with IVA’s Division VI Management.
Innovative leadership in the forest industry
Field trip – SKF and Wingquist Laboratory
Field trip – Division III Building and Construction
11 November – Luleå
A Cosmic Journey – from the Big Bank to infinity
Seminar – IVA North and Norrlandsfonden
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Eva Nordmark, TCO
Johan Rockström, Stockholm Resilience Centre
Anders Sundström, Swedbank (Div. VI)
Håkan Sörman, Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions
(Div. VI)
Karl-Petter Thorwaldsson, Swedish Trade Union Confederation (LO)
Project Manager: Johan Carlstedt, IVA
The Built Environment of the Future
– This is how the living environments of the future are built
and the Good Cities of the Future project
Russia’s economy – a nightmare or future opportunity?
Seminar – Division IX Economics in cooperation with
the Swedish/Russian Chamber of Commerce
Energy Book/Aspects of Energy
Chairman: Bengt Kasemo (Div. II)
Gerd Bergman, Science & Technology for All (NTA)
Magnus Breidne, IVA
Harry Frank (Div. II)
Eric Giertz (Div. VI)
Dick Hedberg, Energy Committee, KVA
Christer Sjölin (Div. IV)
Project Manager: Elin Vinger Elliot, IVA
1 December – Luleå
Seminar – IVA North and Norrlandsfonden
2 December – Gothenburg
Research and sport provide new recipe for success
Good Cities of the Future
Chairman: Gabriel Urwitz, Segulah Advisor (Div. IX)
Magnus Breidne, IVA
Johan Celsing, Johan Celsing Arkitektkontor
Anders Egelrud, Fortum Sweden
Mattias Tingvall, Vattenfall
Ulrika Francke, Tyréns (Div. III)
Kerstin Gillsbro, Jernhusen (MR)
Gunilla Glasare, Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions
Emma Gretzer, Swedish Research Council Formas
Anders Hall, Swedish National Police Board
Staffan Helgesson, Creandum Advisor Sweden
Arne Kaijser, KTH (Div. VI)
Christer Larsson, Malmö City
Ingalill Berglund, CEO Atrium Ljungberg
Eva Nygren, Swedish Transport Administration (Div. III)
Peter Nygårds, Swedbank (Div. III)
Per Strömberg, ICA Gruppen
Åsa Söderström Jerring (Div. III)
Project Manager: Staffan Eriksson, IVA
8 December – Stockholm
Field trip at CSC, KTH
Division XII Information Technology
8 December – Gothenburg
AstraZeneca is investing in Sweden
Breakfast meeting – IVA’s Business Executives Council with
Pascal Soriot, CEO AstraZeneca
Scenarios for future electricity use – new special study
Energy Scenarios – What can we learn from New Zealand?
Innovation in the Forest Industry
Chairman: Olof Persson (Div. VI)
Lars Berglund, KTH (Div. V)
Ingrid Bodin, Preem
Magnus Breidne, IVA
Magnus Hall, Vattenfall (Div. VIII)
Carina Håkansson, Swedish Forest Industries Federation (Div. VIII)
Per Lindberg, BillerudKorsnäs (Div. VIII)
Sara Mazur, Ericsson (Div. XI)
Gunilla Nordlöf, Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth
Lennart Rådström, (Div. VIII)
Birgitta Sundblad, Innventia (Div. VIII)
Peter Wågström, NCC
Johan Öberg, BCG
Project Manager: Mats Johnson, IVA
STEERING COMMITTEES FOR IVA’s PROJECTS
Attractiveness for Sustainable Growth
Chairman: Carl Bennet, Carl Bennet AB (Div. XI)
Tomas Billing, Nordstiernan
Pontus Braunerhjelm, Swedish Entrepreneurship Forum (Div. XI)
Charlotte Brogren, VINNOVA (Div. XI)
Ulf Ewaldsson, Ericsson (Div. XII)
Pam Fredman, University of Gothenburg (Div. XI)
Carola Lemne, Confederation of Swedish Enterprise (Div. VI)
Martin Lorentzon, Spotify
Björn O. Nilsson, IVA (Div. X)
Gunilla Nordlöf, Swedish Agency for Economic and
Regional Growth
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Mentor4Research
Chairman: Rolf Skoglund, ID Invest (Div. XII)
Magnus Breidne, IVA
Jan Sandred, VINNOVA (adjunct member)
Project Manager: Anders Gezelius, Strategize
Peter Larsson, Swedish Association of Graduate Engineers (Div. XI)
Camilla Modéer, IVA (Div. XI)
Anders Nyrén, Industrivärden (Div. IX)
Håkan Sörman, Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions
(Div. VI)
Project Manager: Alexandra Ridderstad, IVA
NTA Digital
Chairman: Anders Ynnerman, Linköping University (Div. XII)
Marja Andersson, Science & Technology for All (NTA)
Caroline Ankarcrona, Marcus and Amalia Wallenberg Memorial Foundation
Bengt Gustafsson, Uppsala University
Elisabet Nihlfors, Uppsala University
Dan Larhammar, Uppsala University
Britt Lindahl, Kristianstad University
Staffan Truvé, Interactive Institute (Div. XII)
Gunilla Svingby, Malmö University
Project Manager: Johan Persson, IVA
Research Outlook
Chairman: Gunnar Svedberg (Div. IV)
Magnus Breidne, IVA
Andreas Göthenberg, STINT
Lars Hultman, Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, SSF (Div. V)
Åke Iverfeldt, Mistra
Birgitta Palmberger, Swedish Energy Agency
Malin Persson, Accuracy Ingenjörs- och Konsultbyrå (Div. XI)
Ingrid Petersson, Swedish Research Council Formas (Div. X)
Lars Rask, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation
Madelene Sandström, Knowledge Foundation (Div. XI)
Ewa Ställdal, Forte
Eva Åkesson, Uppsala University
Project Manager: Martin Wikström
Prince Daniel’s Fellowship
Honorary Chairman: HRH Prince Daniel
Chairman: Marcus Wallenberg (Div. VI)
Carl Bennet, Carl Bennet AB (Div. XI)
Karolin A. Johansson, The Royal Court
Johan Skarborg, Academic Work
Johan Weigelt, IVA
Project Manager: Johan Weigelt, IVA
Electricity Crossroads
Chairman: Bo Normark, Power Circle (Div. II)
Lina Bertling Tjernberg, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)
Erik Brandsma, Swedish Energy Agency
Magnus Breidne, IVA
Runar Brännlund, UMU (Div. IX)
Mikael Dahlgren, ABB
Anders Ferbe, IF Metall
Håkan Feuk, E.ON
Mats Gustavsson, Boliden
Kjell Jansson, Swedenergy
Johan Kuylenstierna, SEI
Ulf Moberg, SVK
Peter Nygårds, Swedbank (Div. III)
Birgitta Resvik, Fortum (Div. II)
Andreas Regnell, Vattenfall
Gunilla Saltin, Södra
Maria Sandqvist, Teknikföretagen
Maria Suner Fleming, Confederation of Swedish Enterprise
Ulf Troedsson, Siemens
Project Manager: Jan Nordling, IVA
Resource Efficient Business Models – Greater Competitiveness
Chairman: Anders Narvinger (Div. II)
Senior Advisor: Björn Stigson, Stigson & Partners
Kenneth Bengtsson, Systembolaget
Leif Brodén (Div. VIII)
Åke Iverfeldt, Mistra
Henrik Lampa, H&M
Erik Lautmann IVA Business Executives Council (Div. VI)
Lars-Erik Liljelund, SEI
Martin Lundstedt, Scania (Div. I)
Gunilla Nordlöf, Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth
Maud Olofsson
Johan Skoglund, JM
Thomas Sterner, University of Gothenburg
Åke Svensson, Teknikföretagen (Div. I)
Maria Ågren, Swedish Environmental Protection Agency
Project Manager: Caroline Ankarcrona, IVA
PROGRAMME COUNCIL
Tekniksprånget
Chairman: Jan-Eric Sundgren, AB Volvo (Div. VII)
Tomas Billing, Nordstiernan
Helen Dannetun, Linköping University
Börje Ekholm, Investor (Div. IX)
Lena Gumaelius, Vetenskapens Hus (House of Science), KTH
Tobias Krantz, Confederation of Swedish Enterprise
Big Data
Chairman: Gösta Lemne (Div. XII)
Pontus Johnson (Div. II)
Jonas Kjellstrand
Daniel Langkilde (Student Council)
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eHealth
Chairman: Ylva Hambraeus Björling (Div. XII)
Bo Edvardsson (Div. VI)
Hans Hentzell (Div. XI)
Martin Ingvar (Div. XI)
innovation-driven enterprise. She has developed concepts and processes
for the renewal of industry in various regions, including San Diego. In 1985
she started Connect at UC San Diego, a concept that was subsequently
established in Sweden. The concept links entrepreneurs with capital and
expertise at an early stage.
The Academy’s Gold Medal was awarded to Professor Gert Wingårdh
for his many years of excellence as an architect and creator of numerous
praised and award-winning buildings in Sweden and abroad. For several
decades Gert Wingårdh has had a strong influence on Swedish architecture and is an important role model for Sweden’s architects of today and
tomorrow.
Energy Perspectives
Chairman: Bo Normark (Div. II)
Per Kågeson (Div. IX)
Gert Nilson (Div. V)
Gunilla Saltin
Lars Strömberg (Div. I)
Secretary: Elin Vinger Elliot
Hans Werthén Foundation
In 2015 18 scholarship recipients – seven women and eleven men – shared
a total of SEK 1.8 million. The funds are primarily to be used for study in
other countries. The recipients will study in Australia, USA, Germany,
Czech Republic, the Netherlands, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
The Foundation was established in 1990 in honour of Hans Werthén PhD
for his lifework as an engineer and business leader.
New Markets/Africa
Chairman: Ivan Öfverholm (Div. II)
Peje Emilsson (Div. IX)
Magnus Ericsson (Div. V)
Mia Horn af Rantzien (Div. IX)
Ann Louise Johansson (Div. VII)
Margareta Norell Bergendahl (Div. I)
Secretary: Joakim Rådström
Mentor4Research
The winners of the 2015 Mentor4Research, M4R and a scholarship of
SEK 100,000 are Pedro Réu, PhD student in cell and molecular biology at
Karolinska Institutet. He won for having the longest development journey
during the programme. Mentor4Research is run by IVA and financed by
VINNOVA. The purpose of the programme is to give researchers a better network of contacts in industry and help them realise the commercial
potential of their research.
DISTINCTIONS, SCHOLARSHIPS AND AWARDS
Medal Committee
Chairman: Arne Kaijser (Div. VI), members 2010, Chairman 2014
Marianne Treschow (Div. VII) 2011–2015
Karl-Olof Hammarkvist (Div. IX) 2012–2015
Camilla Modéer (Div. XI) 2014–2016
Krister Holmberg (Div. IV) 2014–2016
Lars Strömberg (Div. I) 2014–2016
Marie Schrewelius Arwidson (Div. VIII), new member 2015–2017
Anders Ekblom (Div. X), new member 2015–2017
Stockholm Industry Water Award
Stockholm Industry Water Award 2015 went to the Colorado-based US
company CH2M. The company won the award for developing and refining
methods to cleaning water and for increasing public acceptance of reusing
water. CH2M has forged a path for applying social science research to
better understand the underlying factors why people reject the idea of
drinking reused water and what can be done to change that. The award
goes to an enterprise that contributes to sustainable water management
by reducing consumption and environmental impact. The award was
established in 2000 by the Stockholm Water Foundation in cooperation
with IVA and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development. It
is administered by the Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI).
Medals
The Academy’s Great Gold Medal was awarded to Honorary Doctor of
Engineering Leif Östling for his extraordinary achievements as a business
leader and CEO of Scania which, under his leadership, has developed
into a world-leading heavy commercial vehicle company. His strategic
leadership is based on conviction, sound knowledge and many years of
experience. It is characterised by an integrated approach, consistency and
great confidence in his colleagues.
King Carl XVI Gustaf 50th Anniversary Fund
The Purpose of the Fund is to promote research, technical development
and enterprise that contribute to the sustainable use of natural resources
and the preservation of biodiversity. In 2015 the Fund distributed four
scholarships of SEK 100,000 and six of SEK 85,000. The candidates are
nominated by individuals who are members of IVA and/or active in
research and enterprise. The scholarship recipients are announced on HM
The King’s birthday and presented at a reception at the Royal Palace.
The Academy’s Gold Medal was awarded to Professor Mikael Eriksson for
his groundbreaking and crucial work developing scientific profiles, concepts and technology for synchrotron rings at the research facilities MAX
I, II, III and MAX IV (2016). Based on advanced, multidisciplinary research,
he has found innovative solutions, and designed and implemented hightech designs with untested technology for broad scientific applications.
IVA’s Scientific Journalism Award – Hans Bergström Award
The price was established based on a donation from IVA member
Hans Bergström and is to promote a scientific approach in the media.
The Academy’s Gold Medal was awarded to Professor Mary Walshok
for her groundbreaking achievements in promoting research-based,
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The amount awarded is SEK 100,000. The 2015 award was presented
to journalist Anders Bolling, Dagens Nyheter, at the Assembly of the
Academy in June 2015. In conjunction with this there was a panel
discussion with the Editor-in-Chief of Dagens Nyheter Peter Wolodarski
and Cilla Benkö of Sveriges Radio. Journalists, communications specialists
and the general public can nominate candidates. Authors, writers and
journalists can be nominated, and the nominees can be individuals or an
entire editorial staff or team of reporters.
Ministry for Education and Research
Commission report on report from Leadership Commission (U2014:11)
(U2015/03779/UH)
Wallenberg Academy Fellows
Wallenberg Academy Fellows is a career programme where the
most promising researchers in natural sciences, social sciences and
the humanities receive resources for long-term development of their
ventures. The programme was created by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg
Foundation in close cooperation with five royal academies and sixteen
Swedish universities. In 2015 nine Wallenberg Academy Fellows were
announced. The grants total between SEK 5 and 9 million per researcher
over a five-year period.
PUBLICATIONS
RESPONSES TO COMMISSION REPORTS
In 2015 IVA commented or expressed an opinion on the following
proposals and reports for consideration:
IVA-M 456: Hans Werthén – One of Sweden’s most prominent industrialists, A pamphlet produced by the Hans Werthén Fund at IVA, 2015, 16 pp.
Ministry of the Environment and Energy
Commission report: Proposal for overhaul the EU’s trading system for the
period 2021–2030 M2015/03246/Kl
IVA-M series
IVA-M 454: Mobilisation to increase regional attractiveness. A background
report from IVA project Attractiveness for Sustainable Growth project
2015, 48 pp.
IVA-M 455: Resource Efficiency – Facts and Trends Towards 2050. A
report from IVA project Resource Efficient Business Models – Greater
Competitiveness, 2015 36 pp.
IVA-M 457: Mobilisation to increase regional attractiveness – A background
report from IVA’s project Attractiveness for Sustainable Growth, 2015, 48 pp.
Ministry of Culture
Roadmap to Digitalize Terrestrial Radio in Sweden (SOU 2014:77)
IVA-M 458: Commemorative Booklet, A Tribute to the
Memory of Carl-Gustaf Rossby (1898–1957), 2015, 68 pp.
Final commission report from the Smart Grid Coordination Council
– Plan for efficiency (SOU 2014:84)
IVA-M 459: Key factors to make Sweden more attractive and competitive.
Report from IVA’s project Attractiveness for Sustainable Growth, 2015,
80 pp.
National Board of Housing, Building and Planning’s proposed strategy for
the environmental quality goal: A Good Built Environment
(M2014/2798/Mm)
IVA-M 460: Resource Efficiency – Pathways to 2050. A report from
the IVA project Resource Efficient Business Models – Greater
Competitiveness, 2015, 52 pp.
Ministry of Health and Social Affairs
The Medical Products Agency’s report on the Government remit on
homeopathic medicines (S2013/8560/FS)
IVA-M 461: Future electricity use. A project report from IVA project
Electricity Crossroads, 2015, 52 pp.
Commission report for Swedish Energy Agency’s report on sea-based
wind power M29015/2349/Ee
IVA-R-series
IVA-R 481: Do Swede’s universities have the boards they deserve?
IVA project Research Outlook, 2015, 16 pp.
Commission report on proposal for Swedish application of
almost zero energy buildings M2015/2507/Ee
IVA-R 482: Energy Storage – Electricity storage technologies.
A study from IVA project Electricity Crossroads, 2015, 36 pp.
IVA-R 483: Electricity production in Sweden. A study from IVA project
Ministry of Enterprise, Energy and Communications
Report: A fund structure for innovation and growth (SOU 2015:64)
IVA-R 484: Taxes and subsidies for electricity production – special study.
A study from IVA project Electricity Crossroads, 2015, 28 pp.
Ministry for Foreign Affairs
Commission reports: Stricter export controls on military materials (SOU
2015:72) and Sanction exchange – more efficient sanctions in export
control (SOU 2014:83) UD2015/1023/NIS
IVA-R 485: Scenarios for future electricity use, A study from IVA project
83
OMBUDSMAN
Justice of the Supreme Administrative Court Erik Nymansson
Fortum
Handelsbanken
Ingvar Kamprad
Jernhusen
Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation
Ministry of Enterprise, Energy and Communications
Nordea
Preem
Region Skåne
SCA
SEB
Swedish National Agency for Education
The Knowledge Foundation
Mistra – Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research
Swedish Postcode Foundation
Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research
Marcus and Amalia Wallenberg Memorial Foundation
Sveaskog
Svenska Kraftnät (Sweden’s national grid)
Swedenergy
Confederation of Swedish Enterprise
Swedish Construction Federation (BI).
Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions
Swedegas
Swedbank
Södra Skogsägarna
Teknikföretagen
The Hans and Barbara Bergstrom Foundation
Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth
Tyréns
Vattenfall
VINNOVA
Ångpanneföreningens forskningsstiftelse
AUDITORS
Anki Bystedt, appointed by the Government
Karl-Olof Hammarkvist (Div. IX)
Lars-Gunnar Mattsson (Div. VI)
Peter Ekberg, Authorised Public Accountant
Jan Palmqvist, Authorised Public Accountant
INVESTMENT COMMITTEE
Chairman: Anne-Marie Pålsson (Div. IX)
Hans Dalborg (Div. IX)
Irma Rosenberg (Div. IX)
Björn O. Nilsson, President of IVA (Div. X)
Lotta Thörn, CFO IVA
FUNDING FOR IVA’s ACTIVITIES
Implementation of the Academy’s projects is made possible by external
funding. A sample of the companies, public authorities and foundations
who contributed funds in 2015:
ABB
Atrium Ljungberg
Billerud-Korsnäs
Swedish Energy Agency
E.ON
Erik Johan Ljungberg’s Education Fund
Forte
Formas
EMPLOYEES
Hampus Lindh
Jan Nordling
Monica Sannerblom
Elin Vinger Elliot
Gustaf Wahlström
Martin Wikström
Björn O. Nilsson, President
Monica Krutmeijer, Assistant to the President
Academy, staff and international
Johan Weigelt, Secretary to the Academy, Executive Vice President
Maria Dollhopf
Ingrid Jansson
Johan Persson
Tekniksprånget
Alexandra Ridderstad Wachtmeister, Project Manager
Linus Brandin
Ulrica Giltze
Eva Glaumann
Tina Hemlin Käcke
Annie Johansson
Mimmi Jonsson
Nina Rudbeck
Johanna Theander
Elisabet Welinder
Projects
Magnus Breidne, Vice President Projects
Rickard Andersson
Caroline Ankarcrona
Karin Byman
Johan Carlstedt
Staffan Eriksson
Mats Johnson
Caroline Linden
84
Björn O. Nilsson
Monica Krutmeijer
Johan Weigelt
Magnus Breidne
Camilla Koebe
Lotta Thörn
Property and Conference Centre
Lars Fog, Property Manager
Lennart Ohlsson
Business and Communications
Camilla Koebe, Vice President Business and Communications
Pelle Isaksson
Henrik Lagerträd
Anna Lindberg
Lars Nilsson
Linda Olsson
Joakim Rådström
Pär Rönnberg
Jan Westberg
IVA Conference Centre
Charlotta Svedberg, Conference Director
Britta Aulio
Sherry Benzon
Ann Clausson
Anna-Karin Friskopps
Anki Frykman
Robert Komakech
Malin Kratz
Lisa Wiklund
Finance, IT and Administration
Lotta Thörn, CFO
Lena Anderson
Jakob Bjarnason
Barbara Eriksson
Sandra Ivarsson
Marika Thunberg Petersson
Diana Wilhelmsson
85
Lars Fog
© Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences, 2016
P.O. Box 5073, SE-102 42 Stockholm
Tel: +46 (0)8 791 29 00
Fax: +46 (0)8 611 56 23
E-mail: [email protected]
Web: www.iva.se
ISSN: 1100-5645
ISBN: 978-91-7082-913-0
Project Management: Jan Westberg, Gustaf Wahlström
Texts: Lars Nilsson, Pär Rönnberg, Jan Westberg
Layout: Pelle Isaksson
Printed by: Exakta
Photos: Mattias Edwall, Peter Knutson, Lars Pehrson/SvD/TT,
Daniel Roos, Pär Rönnberg, Elin Vinger Elliot, Volvo Cars, Gustav Mårtensson,
Scania, Solar Impulse | Revillard | Rezo.ch, Maria Dollhopf, Lund University,
Martin Vinger Elliot, Jacob Karström, André de Loisted
RUNE LAGNEBORG CHRISTINA LAMPE-ÖNNERUD JOHAN LANDFORS JOHAN LANDFORS EMANUEL LANDSBERGER HENRIK LANGE JOHAN LANGE HÅKAN LANS ANDERS LANSNER
HANS JØRGEN LARSEN ALLAN LARSSON GUNNAR LARSSON HANS LARSSON JAN LARSSON KARIN LARSSON KÅRE LARSSON LARS A LARSSON LARS G LARSSON MATS LARSSON
PETER LARSSON PETER LARSSON STIG LARSSON STIG-GÖRAN LARSSON ULF LARSSON YNGVE LARSSON THOMAS LAURELL ERIK LAUTMANN KI JUN LEE YUAN TSEH LEE NILS LEFFLER
BO LEHNERT BERTHOLD LEIBINGER MATS LEIJON MARTIN LEIMDÖRFER CAROLA LEMNE GÖSTA LEMNE BO LENERIUS RONNIE LETEN HANS LEVANDER CHRISTOFER LEYGRAF MOFANG LI
WELLS LI JAN OLOF LIDEFELT SVEN LIDIN FINN LIED KLAUS LIESEN BERT LILJA JAN-OLOV LILJENZIN OTTO LIN JAN-OLOF LIND LOTTA LIND GÖRAN LINDAHL LENNART LINDAU
ASSAR LINDBECK ANDERS LINDBERG BENGT LINDBERG KERSTIN LINDBERG GÖRANSSON HANS LINDBERG HELENA LINDBERG PER LINDBERG ULF LINDBERG GÖRAN LINDBERGH
LARS LINDBLOM BERTIL LINDE BO LINDELL KERSTIN LINDELL KARL-AXEL LINDEROTH GEORG LINDGREN HANS LINDGREN INGVAR LINDGREN MATS LINDGREN MATS LINDGREN
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LARS H ZETTERBERG JI ZHOU INGEGERD ÅGREN JOHN ÅGREN SVEN ÅGRUP PÄR ÅHLSTRÖM ANNIKA ÅHNBERG BENGT ÅKESSON KARL-ERIK ÅRZÉN SIVBORG SUSANNE ÅS NILS
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IVAN ÖFVERHOLM FREDRIK ÖHRN INGEMAR ÖHRN LARS ÖJEFORS PER ANDERS ÖRTENDAHL GUSTAF ÖSTBERG JAN-OVE ÖSTENSEN JERRY ÖSTER LEIF ÖSTLING LARS ÖSTMAN

ANNUAL REPoRT

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