Organisations and Systems

Transcription

Creative Technologies
Assignment 2: Moving Image
Adam Wright
Adam Wright
16/05/2010
Table of Contents
Table of Contents............................................................................................. 2
Introduction ...................................................................................................... 3
Terms of Reference ......................................................................................... 3
Procedure ........................................................................................................ 3
Findings ........................................................................................................... 4
Brainstorming ............................................................................................... 4
Storyboarding ............................................................................................... 4
Shot lists ....................................................................................................... 4
Editing: Adobe Premiere CS3....................................................................... 5
Capturing .................................................................................................... 11
Video Stills.................................................................................................. 12
Copyright .................................................................................................... 13
Formats ...................................................................................................... 13
References..................................................................................................... 14
Bibliography ................................................................................................... 15
Appendix A: Original Storyboard .................................................................... 16
Appendix B: Original Shot List ....................................................................... 17
Appendix C: Revised Storyboard ................................................................... 18
Appendix D: Revised Shot List....................................................................... 19
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Introduction
Video production is possible by nearly every user in today’s society due to the range of
equipment. From amateur filming to professional productions, techniques and design are very
important aspects.
Terms of Reference
This report is being produced in order to outline the steps taken in the video production and
editing processes.
It has been requested by the lecturer concerning the unit Creative Technologies and is due to
be fully completed by 24 April 2008.
Procedure
Information contained in this technical report is mostly from self-knowledge and practical work.
A bibliography and references section are present to show sources used to obtain media
samples for the production and research into video formats.
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Findings
Brainstorming
Various ideas had to be looked into that would best suite a 10 second video production. Some
form of story theme i.e. a movie was deemed not suitable as not enough aspects could be
delivered within that time to provide a good story.
The advert/teaser trailer franchise can provide strong material within a short amount of time,
aiming to attract viewers to watch the full production(s) on release. These types of video
should not be long as viewers can get board and loose interest. But most importantly, the
entire production doesn’t want to be given away via a lengthy advert/teaser trailer.
It was decided to produce a 10 second teaser trailer for an upcoming action film, James Bond
007 (23). For copyright purposes this video will not be released outside of educational
purposes i.e. online.
Storyboarding
Storyboarding is an important aspect to film production. It allows the director etc to see clearly
what is expected out of the video recording, providing visual and textual information. Visuals
may include annotations such as notes or arrows. Textual information should include a brief
description of the scene (what is happening), shot types (wide etc) and instructions (e.g.
person to move off at end etc).
The original storyboard developed (see appendix A) consisted of 10 scenes that were planned
to make a fast trailer to flick through various aspects of a production. A shot list was created
afterwards (see appendix B). However, it was soon realised that each scene at one second
would not be appropriate. A revised storyboard (see appendix C) was developed that
shortened the scenes from 10 to 5, keeping the same basic story (with unessential parts
removed). A new version of the shot list was created afterwards (see appendix D).
Shot lists
Shot lists are produced to show each scene from the storyboard in a list format with extra
information i.e. interior or exterior shot or even lens and filter types. See appendices for more
details.
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Editing: Adobe Premiere CS3
Adobe Premiere 6.0 (year 2000) with recent patches (6.2) was originally used to edit the 10
second production. Due to the programs age it contained a lot of compatibility problems
including png image support for clear transparency and mp3 audio. A re-edit took place in CS3
following the same styles aimed for with 6.0
Fig. 1
Divided scenes shrunk to fit and audio removal
The raw video footage was imported into the bin area. This was then dragged onto the timeline
in video/audio 1. As the end piece needs to be 10 seconds in duration it requires slicing and
dragging. Video dragging took place to remove some unwanted footage and the razor tool was
used to divide the clip into appropriate segments, deleting unnecessary parts (see figure 1).
The best versions of takes were decided and used.
Once 10 seconds of main footage was present the next step is audio. The camera audio is
necessary but is not enough to drive the teaser trailer production. Video segment 1 had its
camera audio removed due to voice being picked up. An external sound will have to be applied
to cover segment 1.
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Fig. 2
Applying audio tracks and adjusting audio gain (volume)
Audio segments were acquired from sounddogs.com, an audio site that allows free
downloading of audio samples (or purchase for higher quality). A car passing by sound was
imported to cover video segment 1 which had is camera audio unlinked and removed. A music
track was applied to cover the majority of the timeline to provide some trailer aspect and clues
to its related franchise, James Bond. Also an alarm sound was added to provide some
emergency bunker ambience. Premier was unable to apply any effects to the mp3 alarm and
has been put down to the quality of the mp3. A WAV conversion was carried out via mediaconvert.com, a free online converter for all formats. This rectified the problem.
After playback the car audio was very quiet compared to other audio footage. Audio gain was
applied to the car mp3, modifying the db volume to 3.0. Normalisation was attempted but
made the sound to loud.
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Fig. 3
Audio effects reverb and lowpass to alarm
Reverb (size: 100%) was applied to the alarm to make it feel like its being emitted from the
bunker rather than an audio file over the footage. A lowpass filter with a cutoff of 1424.7 Hz
was applied to the alarm over the interior lift scene as an alarm could not sound pure in a
confined space like a lift (see figure 3).
Fig. 4
Image (location reached) size and position modified
The location reached texts are png images so that alternating them produced a block flash like
on old computers where they await input/confirmation (figure 4). These images must be pasted
to cover the entire video segment.
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Fig. 5
Lens distortion (top) and channel mixer effect (bottom)
A lens curve (curvature) of 20 was applied to this segment of video to show a camera view
from the front of the vehicle. A black fill colour was applied to fill in the blank boarder (see
figure 5 upper). Secondly, the colour of the video was altered using the channel mixer by
removing blue and red. The green effect matches an old-style computer (as found on the
game GoldenEye 007 on Nintendo 64).
Fig. 6
Scan lines
Scan lines were applied to the computers 1st person view by manually creating a black-lined
png image to overlay the video. The opacity was lowered to 50% to remove the majority of the
blackness (see figure 6).
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Fig. 7
Photoshop logo creation
It is vital in video production to use a mixture of software applications. Adobe Photoshop was
used to create a png logo to apply to the video timeline. Two separate images were acquired,
one for the title ‘James Bond’ and one for the codename ‘007’. Bevel effects were applied to
the image to give it some depth and attraction.
Fig. 8
Logo applied with fading (opacity) key frame
Once the logo was applied it was required to fade in as the lift doors opened. To achieve this,
a function called key framing had to be used. Starting with 0% opacity, the key frame at the
end was set to reach 100% opacity (see figure 8).
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Fig. 9
Title creation with Premiere Pro CS3
With the main segment of film complete, the next step was developing credits. Titles were
created (figure 9) and appeared in the bin. To ensure the font and colour etc remained the
same, most titles were copied, pasted and edited. Once created they could be dragged onto
the timeline.
Fig. 10
Scale and opacity key framing
To ensure these titles are not static, motion scale and opacity key framing was applied (figure
10). The motion scale brought the titles closer and then sucks them back, fading away with the
opacity option. This motion is synced with the credit music taken from the GoldenEye 007
(N64) titles.
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Capturing
The capture went along smoothly. Weather
conditions were acceptable and all the cast and
helpers required were present. Using the DV-HD
digital camera was an experience after using a
normal household digital camera for many years
(see figure 11).
The camera lighting and white balance was
checked before recording and was checked when
moving from outside to inside.
Fig. 11
Adam Wright directing and using camera
The shoulder rest (see figure 11 above) and tripod
stand (see figure 12) were both used in the
production. At no point was the camera used
freehand.
The tripod stand was relatively easy to setup and
stabilize but getting the camera to go onto it via a
fastening plate took longer than expected.
Fig. 12
Camera on the stand (tripod)
The shoulder rest was very useful because it avoids
rapid shaking and provides a sense of smoothness
compared to freehand camera work.
Transferring the DV camera footage onto the computer’s hard drive did not go to plan. The
USB cable for the camera was inserted but the computer did not recognise the device. To
rectify this problem, FireWire cables had to be purchased.
Adobe Premiere CS3 was used to capture the footage in widescreen format. This was done
successfully. A small segment of 4:3 video was on the DV tape just before the James Bond 23
Trailer recording started. This has been deemed responsible for editing software to import the
video in 4:3 format, having to stretch to 16:9 when the main recordings start. This may not be
the reason but seemed an appropriate cause at the time. A ‘stretch’ does not show because
it’s being stretched into its correct aspect ratio (this also applies to still imagery of the video).
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Video Stills
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Figure 13: Scene 1 where the car enters the revealing wideshot.
Figure 14: Scene 2’s computer 1st person view from vehicle (POV shot).
Figure 15: Scene 3 where low corridor wideshot avoids showing a face.
Figure 16: Scene 4’s upwards pan mid-shot inside the lift
Figure 17: Scene 5 where the lift doors open and logo fades in. Medium close up of 007.
Each scene is precisely two seconds long.
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Copyright
Due to the trailer using copyright (James Bond franchise) and trademark (007) material, it
would not be legally possible to submit this video to the 10 second film festival (or any other
video hosting site). The copyrighted material gathered for the 10 second production (music
and logo) has been acquired from online resources for non-profit, educational purposes.
Formats
Microsoft DV AVI (PAL) is the file/compression type for the main final export due to
compatibility, manageable file size and video quality. It perfectly presents video in 25 frames
per second and in 16:9 (widescreen) format. Video deinterlace options are also available with
this file type.
For stable playback directly off a CD (cross-platform) the video should ideally have a frame
rate of 10 to 15 and a data rate of 1000 kbps (1 mbps) or lower (Lyberty, 2007). MPEG 1 is a
preferred format due to universal compatibility (Ultrashock, 2006).
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References
Galbadia Hotel (200?). GoldenEye Original Soundtrack [online]. Available from
http://gh.ffshrine.org/soundtracks/121 [accessed: 28 March 2008].
In-video reference
Lyberty (2007). Internet Transfer Speeds & File Sizes [online]. Available from
http://www.lyberty.com/encyc/articles/kb_kilobytes.html [accessed: 18 February 2008].
SoundDogs (2008). Sound Effects, Production Music, Royalty Free Music [online].
Available from http://www.sounddogs.com [accessed: 28 March 2008].
In-video reference
UltraShock (2006). How to render a video for CDROM playback [online]. Available from
http://www.ultrashock.com/forums/video/how-to-render-video-for-cdrom-playback-79553.html
[accessed: 18 February 2008].
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Bibliography
Adobe (2008). Adobe Video Workshop [online]. Available from
http://www.adobe.com/designcenter/video_workshop/ [accessed: 20 March 2008].
Galbadia Hotel (200?). GoldenEye Original Soundtrack [online]. Available from
http://gh.ffshrine.org/soundtracks/121 [accessed: 28 March 2008].
Lyberty (2007). Internet Transfer Speeds & File Sizes [online]. Available from
http://www.lyberty.com/encyc/articles/kb_kilobytes.html [accessed: 18 February 2008].
SoundDogs (2008). Sound Effects, Production Music, Royalty Free Music [online].
Available from http://www.sounddogs.com [accessed: 28 March 2008].
UltraShock (2006). How to render a video for CDROM playback [online]. Available from
http://www.ultrashock.com/forums/video/how-to-render-video-for-cdrom-playback-79553.html
[accessed: 18 February 2008].
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Appendix A: Original Storyboard
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Appendix B: Original Shot List
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Appendix C: Revised Storyboard
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Appendix D: Revised Shot List
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Organisations and Systems

Transcription

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