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Free Space Optics
“TereScope”
Presentation
Content
MRV Communications
Free Space Optics technology
TereScope
Passive FSO
FAQ
Applications
New Developments
www.mrv.com
MRV Communications
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Free Space Optics technology
TereScope
Passive FSO
FAQ
Applications
New Developments
www.mrv.com
MRV Fast Facts
Founded July 1988
~1,400 Employees
NASDAQ: MRVC (IPO: 1992)
MRV Optical Components + Network
Infrastructure
MRV Headquarters
– Chatsworth, CA
Luminent, Inc. HQ
– Chatsworth, CA
www.mrv.com
Growth by acquisition
2001
Appointech
2000
OpticalAccess
Astroterra
JOLT
CES
Quantum Optech (QOI)
Optronics International (OIC)
FOCI
1998
Xyplex
1996
Fibronics
1993
NBASE
NorthHills
Galcom
MRV foundation
1988
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Over 6000 Worldwide Installations
USA
Canada
Mexico
Brazil
Argentina
Uruguay
Japan
Taiwan
S. Korea
Philippine
Singapore
India
South Africa
Nigeria
Australia
Sales offices
R&D and
Manufacturing
Slovenia Croatia Latvia Czechoslovakia Gibraltar Belgium Luxemburg Netherlands Norway
Greece Germany England Switzerland Sweden Portugal Spain Italy Israel Saudi Arabia
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MRV
Technological Advances FSO
More years of making and selling FSO equipment
(AstroTerra, Jolt, LCI)
Most patents relating to FSO of all competitors (14
patents, and 10 pending)
Wide range of products for all applications
- 1.5 Mbps to 1.25 Gbps currently
- 200 m to 6.70 km range
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Intellectual Property
Key patents:
• Multiple Transmitters to reduce scintillation
“Multiple Transmitter Laser Link” (Patent # 5,777,768 Issued July 7, 1998)
• CCD camera lookback method, accurate alignment
“System for Directing a Laser Beam Toward an Active Area” (Patent # 6,091,074 Issued
July 18, 2000)
“Directional Optics for a System for Directing a Laser Beam Toward an Active Area”
(Patent # 6,118,131 Issued September 12,2000)
• Laser Transceivers coupled to switches via fiber optics without
protocol conversion.
“Wireless communication system” (Patent# 5,818,619 Issued October 06, 1998)
“Wireless optical communications without electronics” (pending)
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Multiple transmitter
Patent
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CCD “Look-back”
Alignment Camera
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CCD “Look-back”
Alignment Camera
Misaligned
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Aligned
Wireless Communications
without Electronics
“Wireless optical communications without electronics”
(patent pending)
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– MRV Communications
Free Space Optics technology
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TereScope
Passive FSO
FAQ
Applications
New Developments
www.mrv.com
Free Space Optics
Ethernet Switch
Network Interface Card
RX
TX
TX
RX
fiber Optic Cable
(MM/SM)
Familiar technology
Light guided by fiber optic path
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Free Space Optics
TereScope
RX
TX
RX
TX
Fresh Air or
free-space
TereScope
Same principle as fiber optic
Light guided by lenses
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What is Free Space Optics? (FSO)
Transceivers installed on rooftops (or behind windows) that provide:
- fiber-like connection speeds
- without the cost or installation time of fiber optic cable
1.5 Mbps to 2.5 Gbps
E1
Fast Ethernet
OC3
Gigabit Ethernet
OC12
www.mrv.com
History of Free Space Optics (FSO)
Selenium
"It's the greatest invention I have ever made; greater than the telephone!”
- Alexander Graham Bell 1880
• tests over 200 meters were successful
• Since sunlight was used as the source, only worked during sunny daytime hours
•– now we use lasers…much better!
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104
105
kHz
Power & Telephone
Copper wire
transmission
106
105
107 108
MHz
Radio Waves
Wavelength
107
106
104
km
103
102
109
Laser
communication
1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017
GHz
THz
Microwaves
meter
10
1
0.1
Infrared
UV
nm
cm mm
mm
10-2 10-3 10-4 10-5 10-6 10-7 10-8 10-9
Fiber optic
Frequency
102 103
Hertz
Coaxial
cable
101
Spread spectrum
Microwave
AM radio
FM radio
Electromagnetic Spectrum
www.mrv.com
Common Products using FSO technology
TV Remote Control
Cellular Phone
PDA’s
Use for transferring small
files, contacts, connection
to PC, printer, etc…
Short Range!
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General Terms
2.5 mrad divergence
1 mrad divergence
2.5 m
1m
Range = R = 1000 m = 1 km
Divergence - measure of angle or how much the beam spreads
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Free Space Optics is Highly Secure
1 km
2.5 m
FSO beam is very narrow
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Divergence = 2.5 mrad
Beam Size ≈ Distance x Range
e.g. 2.5 mrad x 1.0 km = 2.5 m
RF Beam
YAGI Microwave Antenna
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Divergence = 30o
e.g. 30o at 1.0 km = 535 m !
FSO Beam
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Atmospheric attenuation vs. Weather
Precipitation
Weather
condition
mm/hr
Moderate fog
Cloudburst
Thin fog
Haze
Light Haze
Clear
Very Clear
Snow
Light fog
Heavy rain
Medium rain
Light rain
Drizzle
100
25
12.5
2.5
0.25
Visibility
σ
(at 780 nm)
200 m
17.4
-75.3
2.9 e-06
500 m
6.7
-28.9
0.13
770 m
4.2
-18.3
1.5
1 km
3.2
-13.8
4.1
1.9 km
1.6
-6.9
20.2
2 km
1.5
-6.6
22.1
2.8 km
1.06
-4.6
34.7
4 km
0.71
-3.1
49.3
5.9 km
0.46
-2.0
63.3
10 km
0.25
-1.1
78.0
18.1 km
0.14
-0.6
87.2
20 km
0.12
-0.54
88.3
23 km
0.11
-0.47
89.7
50 km
0.04
-0.19
95.6
% transmission
at 1 km
dB loss/km
www.mrv.com
RF Backup Example
2.4GHz RF Backup system
• ISM Band frequency
• Licence free
• RF offers 11Mbps
• Switchover <1s
• Greatly increases availability
- useful in foggy areas
T1000X with fusion backup
www.mrv.com
Other Wireless Technologies (1)
ISM Band - Spread Spectrum Radio
• 2.4GHz "unlicensed" frequencies
• Short to Medium range point-to-point or
point-to-multipoint systems
• Internal or external applications
• Limited to throughput of 11 Mbps (Half
Duplex)
• Data security implications
• Bandwidth (speed) is very limited for
large projects or if the area is RF
crowded.
www.mrv.com
Other Wireless Technologies (2)
Licenced Microwave
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Use for longer distances (above 1km)
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High data rates are available
High availability figures at long range
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Complex installations with link-engineering
required
Public & Local Auth. safety concerns
Hard to obtain frequency licences for
distances under 1km
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Actual Data Throughput for RF
( from PC Magazine: Dec 11, 2001)
www.mrv.com
Actual Data Throughput for RF vs. FSO
Transfer time
100 Mbyte file
(min:sec)
Throughput
(Mbps)
TereScope
96.0
0:08
0:42
802.11a (54)
18.9
802.11b (11)
4.4
3:04
True scale of RF throughput
compared to FSO throughput
( from PC Magazine: Dec 11, 2001)
www.mrv.com
Access Technologies - Positioning
10 Gbps
1 Gbps
100 Mbps
Optical Wireless
Fiber
• High Bandwidth
• “Short” Distance
• Urban Environment
Microwave
c
10 Mbps
1 Mbps
LMDS
DSL
50 m
200 m
500 m
LMDS
1 km
T-1
5 km
www.mrv.com
15 km+
– MRV Communications
– Free Space Optics technology
TereScope
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Passive FSO
FAQ
Applications
New Developments
www.mrv.com
TereScope History
TereScope Optical Access Solutions
Technology founded in 1991
Free-Space Optics for wireless communication
– Patent granted for first all-optical FSO unit in 2002
– First to patent multiple aperture technology for
reduction of atmospheric effects in 1998
– First to break 2.5 Gbps FSO threshold in 1998
– Technology fostered from 1 Gbps satellite-to-ground
laser communication project (STRV-2)
www.mrv.com
Satellite-to-Ground Lasercom Project
Project’s Main Features:
• 1.0 Gbps Data Rate
• 2000 km Range
• Sponsored by Department of Defense’s
• Ballistic Missile Defense Organization
• Demonstration satellite hardware
• launched June 7, 2000 with Space
Technology
www.mrv.com
Up to 2000Km
Wireless
Optic Link
Satellite
2000Km in
space
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TereScope Features Overview
Low-cost wireless connectivity
License-free transmission
Speeds up to 1.25 Gigabits per second
Ranges up to 6.7 km (1.4km in Benelux)
Secure transmission
Safe to use
Scalable alternative to leased lines
Rapid, same-day deployment
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TereScope
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TereScope Series
TS1 - PAL Photonic Air Link 100Mbps
TS2 & MUX E1
TS10 Ethernet
TS34 Open Protocol .1-34Mbps
TS155 Protocol select 34-155Mbps
TS155 Protocol independent 10-155Mbps
TS622 OC-3 / OC-12 622Mbps
TS1000Z Gigalink 1.25Gbps
www.mrv.com
TereScope 1000 (Optilink)
Series
Gigabit Version
1250 Mbit/s - Gigabit Ethernet
Integrated CCD camera for alignment
Network Interface 1310nm, ST, MM or SM
Range up to 1000 Meters
SNMP Management
MTBF more than 10 years
www.mrv.com
TereScope 622 (OC-12)
Series
622 Mbit/s – OC-12
Integrated CCD camera for alignment
Network Interface 1310nm, ST, MM or SM
Range up to 1000 Meters
SNMP management
MTBF more than 10 years
www.mrv.com
Terescope155 PI (Protocol Independent)
Series
Clear channel connectivity
Bandwidth 10 - 155 Mbps
CCD camera alignment
Ranges up to 3.750 meter
MTBF more than 10 years
PalmPilot or Laptop manageable
Optional SNMP Management
www.mrv.com
TereScope155-PS (Protocol Select)
Series
Selectable Protocol between 34 and 155 Mbps
T3, E3, FDDI, Fast Ethernet and ATM
Visual and received power alignment
Wide beam technology
BER better than 10 E-12
MTBF more than 10 years
Remote received power indication
Loop setting
Optional SNMP management
www.mrv.com
TereScope34 OP (Open Protocol)
Series
Open protocol between 0.1 and 34 Mbps
Operating distance up to 3000 meter
Visual and received power alignment
MTBF more than 10 years
MM fiber interface (ST)
Remote received power indication
Loop setting
Optional SNMP management
www.mrv.com
TereScope 10 ETH (Ethernet)
Series
Ethernet connectivity
Operating distance up to 2000 meter
Visual and received power alignment
MTBF more than 10 years
10 Base T network interface
BER better than 10 E -10
Remote received power indication
Optional SNMP management
www.mrv.com
TereScope2 E1 Series
E 1 connectivity
Operating distance up to 2000 meter
Visual and received power alignment
MTBF more than 10 years
G.703/G.704 network interface
BER better than 10 E - 9
Remote received power indication
Optional SNMP management
www.mrv.com
TereScope8 4xE1 Series
4 x E 1 connectivity
Operating distance up to 2000 meter
Visual and received power alignment
MTBF more than 10 years
4 x G.703/G.704 network interfaces
BER better than 10 E - 9
Remote received power indication
Optional SNMP management
www.mrv.com
Eye-Safety
Problems:
Misconception from RF that 100mw is safe
• Unawareness of eye-safety from governing authorities
• Laser systems over 1.5mW/cm2 are potential eye hazard
MRV products:
• Certified by Class 1M-safety standards
• Completely safe to the eye even at zero distance
www.mrv.com
Through Glass Installation
Window
Laser
Fiber
Glass can take up
to 30% from the
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power budget
– MRV Communications
– Free Space Optics technology
– TereScope
Passive FSO
– FAQ
– Applications
– New Developments
www.mrv.com
TereScope™ 1
Telescope
Transmitting
Lens
Telescope
Mounting
Bracket
Receiving
Lens
Alignment
screws
Fiber
connector
www.mrv.com
Active Free Space Optics
Network &
Management
Interface
Optical System
Electronic circuitry
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Active Free Space Optics
All functionality in outdoor units
– Power Supply
– Network interface to electric signal
conversion
– Electric signal to photonic signal
conversion
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Active FSO characteristics
Powered Systems
Relatively large in size
Long Distance
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Passive Free Space Optics
Dual Fiber
Passive Outdoor
Unit
Active Indoor Unit
Network Electronic
Interface circuitry
Passive Optical system
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Passive FSO
Optical signal is generated by indoor unit
Transport of FSO signal between indoor
and outdoor unit by fiber
At the outdoor unit Tx fiber end acts as
passive transmitter
Rx fiber end acts as passive receiver
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Passive FSO with QoS
Dual Fiber
Passive Outdoor
Unit
Active Indoor Unit
QoS Network
Interface
Electronic
circuitry
Passive Optical system
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Passive FSO characteristics
Small indoor and outdoor units
Short range (up to 360 meters)
High speed ( up to 1 Gbit/s)
Very low costs
High MTBF, very reliable
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TereScope™ 1
Telescope
Transmitting
Lens
Telescope
Mounting
Bracket
Receiving
Lens
Alignment
screws
Fiber
connector
www.mrv.com
Mini TS1
12 cm
29 cm
10 cm
www.mrv.com
TereScope Management
General Device Parameters:
Product Type
MAC address
IP address
Communication mode
Software version
Hardware version
Management port type
Communication Parameters :
Wire Link
Air link Status
Management Link Status
www.mrv.com
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MRV Communications
Free Space Optics technology
TereScope
Passive FSO
FAQ
– Applications
– New Developments
www.mrv.com
Frequently Asked Questions
What effect will fog have on the link?
Can I install Terescope indoors?
What maintainance is required?
Is the beam eye safe?
Is the transmission secure?
www.mrv.com
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MRV Communications
Free Space Optics technology
TereScope
Passive FSO
FAQ
Applications
– New Developments
www.mrv.com
Point-to-Point Applications
For most users, the TereScopes are an easy and
cost-effective way to connect a remote building to
their network. This allows immediate access without
paying monthly leased-line fees.
www.mrv.com
Ring Applications
In a multi-building campus environment, TereScopes
can complement your existing network infrastructure
by reaching buildings not already on your fiber or
providing back-up to your fiber for added redundancy.
www.mrv.com
Access Mesh Topology
For carriers and ISPs, TereScopes can be used in a
mesh topology to reach multiple customers and
maintain routing flexibility. This allows a ‘pay-as-yougrow’ deployment strategy and always maximizes
network uptime.
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Cellular Transmission
Network and Backhaul
E1 >E2 >E3 > 4XE1>STM-1
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Typical star-topology of
mobile backhaul network
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Case study
Ministerie van Verkeer en Infrastructuur
Brussel
Employees are divided over three different buidings in Brussels:
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Residence palace
Aarlenstraat
Cabinet
Initially the communication between the three buidings are made via ISDN-routers.
The ministry was searching for a more cost-effective solution
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Case study
Ministerie van Verkeer en Infrastructuur
Brussel
Requirements:
One link between the Residence Palace and the Aarlenstraat
– Distance 550 meter
– Protocol Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps)
– Must have RF backup
Second link between the Aarlenstraat and Cabinet
– Distance 90 meters
– Protocol Fast Ethernet (100Mbps)
– No backup requirements
www.mrv.com
Case study
Ministerie van Verkeer en Infrastructuur Brussel
Cab
inet
Aar
le
nstr
a
at
Res
ide
Pala nce
ce
www.mrv.com
Case study
Ministerie van Verkeer en Infrastructuur
Brussel
Our solution:
For the link between the Residence Palace and the Aarlenstraat
– TereScope-1000 Fusion
– OptiSwitch-200
For link between the Aarlenstraat and Cabinet
– TereScope-1 (PAL)
– Optiswitch-200
The OptiSwitch in the Cabinet and Aarlenstraat contains the special 'PAL' module
The OptiSwitch in the Aarlenstraat and the Residence palace contain a hybrid module for fast
switch-over between Laser and RF backup
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Case study
Ministerie van Verkeer en Infrastructuur Brussel
Site:
Residence palace
View to Aarlenstraat
Link to Aarlenstraat
www.mrv.com
Case study
Ministerie van Verkeer en Infrastructuur Brussel
Site:
Aarlenstraat
View to Cabinet
Link to Cabinet
&
Residence palace
View to
Residence palace
www.mrv.com
Case study
Ministerie van Verkeer en Infrastructuur Brussel
Site:
Cabinet
View to Aarlenstraat
Link to Aarlenstraat
www.mrv.com
FSO Hot Spots
The link can cross roads or other links
with no interference.
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Wireless Hotspots
WiFi coverage area
FSO links
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WiFi Coverage
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Logical Diagram
WiFi
Access point
To any application
Camera, Microphone, etc
10/100 Base T
100 Base Fx
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Westminster
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Case Study: Press Ganey
No Line of Sight
In this Fast Ethernet enterprise application, no line of sight existed
between the two buildings. This problem was overcome by using two
TereScopes to connect the buildings via an intermediary point. The
two links were 180 m and 335 m in distance, and have plenty of
margin to overcome the elements in South Bend, Indiana.
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Case Study: Netune Communications
Movie Production
In this temporary application, a TereScope 1000X was
used to connect a multimedia studio to the private
workshop of a visual effects editor. Operating in London,
England, the TereScopes spanned a distance of almost 1
km to provide Fast Ethernet connectivity between two
switches. The project was a complete success and the
units are being used by the company in other temporary
applications.
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Case Study: TereScope 1 (PAL) in Paris
The TereScope 1 (PAL) systems have the advantage of
not requiring electrical power at the unit. In this
application, these all-optical units were used to connect a
Fast Ethernet hotel data network over a distance of 150
m. The units get their optical signal directly from special
modules in an OptiSwitch, which can also be used as the
network switching platform. This combination of products
made for a quick and cost-effective connectivity solution.
www.mrv.com
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MRV Communications
Free Space Optics technology
TereScope
Passive FSO
FAQ
Applications
New Developments
www.mrv.com
Our NexGeneration
FSO Systems!
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8” Technology
Based on Matrix VCSL lasers
Complete new housing
Modular design
Redundant Power supply
TS5000 family
TS4000 family
TS2000 family
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Thank
You
www.mrv.com
[email protected]
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