the analysis of moral values of deasylawaty prasetyaningtyas`s novel

THE ANALYSIS OF MORAL VALUES OF
DEASYLAWATY PRASETYANINGTYAS’S NOVEL
“HADES SANG AUTIS”
A GRADUATING PAPER
Submitted to the Board of Examiners as a Partial Fulfillment of
the Requirement for the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan Islam
(S.Pd.I) in English and Education Department
By:
IMAS SURAIDA
NIM: 11306059
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FACULTY
STATES ISLAMIC STUDIES INSTITUTE (STAIN)
SALATIGA
2010
MINISTRY OF RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS
STATE ISLAMIC STUDIES INSTITUTE ( STAIN) SALATIGA
Jl. Tentara Pelajar 02 Phone (0298) 323706 Salatiga 50721
Website: www.stainsalatiga.ac.id E-mail: [email protected]
DECLARATION
In the name of Allah, The Most Gracious and The Most Merciful.
Hereby the writer fully declares that the graduating paper is made by the
writer herself, and it is not contained with materials written or published by other
people, and is not consisting of other people’s idea except the information from
the reference.
The writer is capable account for graduating paper, if in the future the
graduating paper can be proved of containing other’s idea or in fact the writer
imitates the other’s graduating paper.
Likewise, the declaration is made by the writer and the writer hopes that
the declaration can be understood.
Salatiga, July 2010
The Writer,
Imas Suraida
11306059
ii
The Lecturer of Education Faculty
State Islamic Studies Institute of Salatiga
ANTTENTIVE COUNSELOR NOTES
Salatiga, July 7th, 2010
Case: Imas Suraida’s Graduating Paper
Dear
The Head of State Islamic
Studies Institute of Salatiga
Assalamu’alaikum wr.wb
After reading and correcting Imas Suraida’s graduating paper entitled
“THE ANALYSIS OF MORAL VALUES OF DEASYLAWATY
PRASETYANINGTYAS’S NOVEL “HADES SANG AUTIS”, I
have decided and would like to propose that if it could be accepted by the
education faculty, I hope it would be examined as soon as possible.
Wassalamu’alaikum wr.wb
Consultant
Hanung Triyoko,SS,M.Hum,M.Ed
NIP.19730815199903 1 003
iii
iv
ABSTRACT
Entitled: THE ANALISYS OF MORAL VALUES IN DEASYLAWATY
PRASETYANINGTYAS’S NOVEL HADES SANG AUTIS
The degredation of moral behavior was happened in the society. It
showed that doing of different people like autism. Some people feel abhorrent and
do not want to respect them. They also eliminate because any abnormal case from
them. Literature by novel is expected to change one’s bad perspective to make
great attention to any different situation of human especially autism.This study
scrutinizes the moral values of Deasylawaty Prasetyaningtyas’s Hades Sang Autis
novel. The objectives of the study are to find out the intrinsic elements in the
Deasylawaty’s Hades Sang Autis novel and to find out the moral values the author
convey that are suggested for moral education. Descriptive qualitative method that
focused in textual data is method used to analyze the novel. This analyze study
uses Hades Sang Autis novel written by Deasylawaty Prasetyaningtyas as the
object the study. The finding of moral values result that it can be gotten from
explicit and implicit meaning of the author and emphasize for the important of
some morals behavior like love and belonging, respecting, forgiveness, optimism,
positive thinking, hard work, responsible, patient, and so on as human society.
The implication of moral education that we need as human beings can use novel
as one of the media which explain about that and to help the readers improve their
moral behavior.
Keywords: degradation, moral values and moral education
v
MOTTO
”The Dreams are the first of our future and nothing is impossible to
get our dreams come true”
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DEDICATION
The researcher is dedicated to
1. My sweet family, father, mother, and brother from your support and
your greatest love so everything is possible.
2. My sweet hearth Puguh Yunianto, thanks to give me your love and your
patience to wait me until I will be graduating in 2010.
3. The big family in IMM (Muhammadiyah Student Association) and
STAIN Music Club (SMC) thanks from the support and the wish.
Sorry, I can’t be like you want.
4. My best friend Mas Daud and Ianatul Khasanah, thanks from your
support and from our advices
5. My new friend Mbak Deasy as author of Hades Sang Autis Novel,
thanks from your information to complete my work.
6. My friends Nina and Wanda, thank for your truly help to found
anything that I needed.
7. and thanks for every one that I can’t mention one by one
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Allah, The Most Gracious and The Most Merciful, The
Lord of the universe, because of Him, the writer could finish this graduating paper
as one of the requirement for Sarjana Pendidikan Islam (S.Pd.I) in English
Department of Education Faculty of State Islamic Studies Institute (STAIN)
Salatiga in 2010. Secondly, peace and salutation always be given to our prophet
Muhammad SAW who has guided us from the darkness to the lightness.
However, this success would not be achieved without the support,
guidance, advice, help and encouragement from individuals and institutions, and I
somehow realize the appropriate moment for me to deepest gratitude for:
1. Dr.Imam Sutomo,M.Ag. The Rector of State Islamic Studies Institute of
Salatiga.
2. Hanung Triyoko, SS,M.Hum,M.Ed, as consultant who was educated,
supported, directed, and given the writer many good advices, suggestion
and recommendation for this thesis from beginning until finish.
3. All lectures of English Department who have guided and enriched me with
English knowledge.
4. All Staff who have helped the writer in processing of the thesis
administration.
5. My beloved family who has taught me everything, facilitated, supported,
and wishes to get my desire.
6. All my friends who helped me to finish this thesis.
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7. Those who can be mentioned one by one toward their support to the writer
in realizing the study.
Finally, this thesis is expected to be able to provide useful
knowledge and information to the readers. And the writer is pleased to accept
more suggestion and contribution from the readers to improve this graduating
paper.
Salatiga, July 2010
Writer
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TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ………………………………………………………………………. i
DECLARATION …………………………………………………………….ii
ATTENTIVE COUNSELOR ……………………………………………….iii
STATEMENT OF CERTIFICATION ……………………………………...iv
ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………………v
MOTTO …………………………………………………………………… vi
DEDICATION ……………………………………………………………..vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT …………………………………………………viii
TABLE OF CONTENT ……………………………………………………..x
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study ………………………………………………...1
B. Statement of the Problem ………………………………………………..6
C. The Objective of the Study ……………………………………………... 7
D. The Benefit of the Study ………………………………………………... 7
E. Clarification of Key Terms ……………………………………………... 7
F. Review of Previous Researches ……………………………………….. 10
G. Research Methodology ………………………………………………... 11
H. Thesis Outline …………………………………………………………. 13
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CHAPTER II THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF AUTHOR
A. Biography of the Author ……………………………………………….14
B. Social Background of the Author ……………………………………….16
CHAPTER III THEORITICAL REVIEW OF MORAL VALUES
A. Moral …………………………………………………………………...21
B. Definition of Values ……………………………………………………23
C. Definition of Moral Values ……………………………………………. 24
D. Moral Behavior to Autism Children …………………………………... 25
CHAPTER IV THE ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
A. Data of Intrinsic Literature Elements of Deasylawaty Prasetyaningtyas’s
Novel Hades Sang Autis……………………………………………….. 28
B. Data Analysis of Moral Values …………………………………………47
CHAPTER V CLOSURE
A. Conclusion …………………………………………………………….. 68
B. Suggestion …………………………………………………………….. 69
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. The Background of the Study
Human beings are created to serve different function. Human being
is perfect creature that has good shape, soul, feeling, etc. Many people think
that life is like fate and self belief to face all of challenges. In the reality, life is
how we think, we analyze, we sense of live.
Humans have plan or vision mission of life to balance our soul, our
feeling and balance of nature. The strength that a man owns is different to
each others based on place he was born, place he learn, and place as house in
order to make certain personality. Beside it, the people may keep good moral
behavior to create the good life or the happiness life as social man, and
religious people.(www.lanatika.multiply.com/journaly/item/...., 2 February
2010)
As we know in the developing era and developing the ways of
human life, moral degradation happened while our education provides moral
as subject or material and it is not to be implemented in the life. So, one of the
ways to keep morality is using literary as media.
People may perceive a difference between literature and some
popular forms of written work. The terms “literary fiction” and “literary
merit” serve to distinguish between individual works. Critics may exclude
works from classification literature, for example, on the grounds of poor
1
2
standards of grammar and syntax, of an unbelievable or disjointed story-line
or of inconsistent or unconvincing characters. Genre fiction, (for example:
romance, crime or science fiction) may also become excluded from
consideration as literature. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/literature, 31 May
2010)
According to Russian formalizer, literature is not pseudo-religion or
psychology or sociology but it is arrangement of certain language. Literature
has law, structure, and specific instruments. Literature is material fact that is
function can be analyzed like a machine. Literature is created from words, not
object or feeling, and not to express writer thought. So, the formalizer from
Russia ignored content analyze of literature. (Eagleton,1996:4)
The term literature came from the end of XVIII. In early of history
from literature is gotten that people did not create literature but they have
literature. This is character from literary man (lettrẻs). In Voltaire period,
literature is adversary for public or society.(Escarpit,2005:5)
Historically, literature is divided into two kinds; classical literature
and modern literature. Classical literature is also called regional literature uses
cultural language. Technically, there is two kinds of classical literature; oral
and written. Based on the time, oral literature was lost and can’t be detected
easy.(Ratna, 2005:3-15)
Literature adds to reality, it does not simple describe it. It enriches
the necessary competencies that daily life requires and provides; and in this
respect, it irrigates the dessert that our lives have already become. This adage
3
is perhaps the most appropriate description of the importance of literature in
our lives. Literature reminds us of stories, epics, sacred scriptures and classical
works of the ancient and modern times. Literature is defined as the body of
written works of a language, period or culture, produced by scholars and
researchers, specialized in given field.
Literature does not only describe reality but also adds to it.
Literature is not merely a depiction of reality; it is rather a value-addition.
Literary works are portrayals of the thinking patterns and social norms
prevalent in society. They are depiction of the different facets of common
man’s life. Classical literary works serve as a food for thought and a tonic for
imagination and creativity. Exposing an individual to good literary works, is
equivalent to providing him/her with the finest of educational opportunities.
On the other hand, the lack of exposure to classic literary works is equal to
depriving an individual from an opportunity to grow as an individual. Prose,
poetry, drama, essays, fiction, literary works based on philosophy, art, history,
religion, and culture and also scientific and legal writings are grouped under
category of literature.
In many ways, literary can change one’s perspective towards life.
Lives of brilliant achievers and individuals, who have made a valuable
contribution to society, are sketched in their biographies. These works give the
reader an insight into the lives of these eminent people, while also serving as a
bible of ideals.
4
Languages are the building blocks of literature. But the study of
literature can not be restricted to only studying languages. In fact, literature
can not be confined to an educational curriculum. A degree in language and
literature is one, with everything that literature offer. Literature is definitely.
Much more than its literary meaning, which defines it as an acquaintance to
letters it. In fact, lays the foundation of enriched life; it adds life to living.
(http://www.buzzle.com/articles/importance...//, 31 May 2010)
One of the examples of literatures is novel. Most of the novel
criteria (such as artistic merit, fictionality, a design to create an epic totally of
life, a focus on history and the individual) are arbitrary and designed to raise
further debates over qualities that will supposedly separate great works of
literature both from a wider and lower “trivial” production and from the field
of true histories. To become part of the literary production novels have to
address the discussion of art. The construction of the narrative, the plot, the
way reality is created in the work of fiction, the fascination of the character
study, and the use language are usually discussed to show a novel’s artistic
merits. Most of these requirements were introduced in the 16th and give fiction
a justification outside the field of factual history. The individualism of the
presentation makes the personal memoir and the autobiography the two closest
relatives
among
the
genres
of
modern
histories.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/novel, 12 May 2010)
People have different interests or reasoning for reading, for
example to find certain information, for pleasure, for enjoy for satisfy, etc. In
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connection with those reason, according Edhitia Simanjuntak reading is the
process of putting the reader in contact and communication with ideas.
(Simanjuntak,1996:3)
In the learning a language, reading takes a significant role since it
gives many advantages for language learners. By reading people can get some
information, knowledge, as well as insights to society or the country in which
the language is learned. Although we have a different kind of reasons for
reading, we actually do something that we try to get the messages of the texts.
Sydney J.Rouch and Afred B.Weinsten state reading is basically the
apprehension of meaning through observation of the form and relationship of
printed or written characters. This includes as corollary, the ability to read the
language aloud with correct pronunciation and stress. (Rouch et al,1999:3).
Thus we can say that reading novels also learning about life in a surprising
way without taking any risks, we take apart in the action of the story.
(Astuti,2007:3)
In the novel Hades sang Autis by Deasylawati, we can take some
unique intrinsic factors where she placed some different characters
(protagonist is autism boy), setting and plot that fresh and make strain. Beside
it, Deasylawaty’s novel gives readers some good messages as human beings
that has norm to each other and not to eliminate some different people like
autism. Many people sometimes do not want to respect autism because they
feel abhorrent and shy. But, they never think that autism people also need us
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to care with them to give them motivation to live, to grow and to make them
confident.
Deaylawaty may also give us moral message that can be learned as
human being in order to create good life as individualistic, socialistic and
nationalistic. This message can we take as reason the degradation of morality
that is happened in the society.
From this reason the writer would like to make analyze or make a
research beside of the unique place of characters, setting and plot etc but also
about the presenting of author Hades sang autis in her novel what like and
especially what is moral values as the author’s message, so it can be a
motivation and moral learning process in behavior, and perhaps, it can be
useful for moral education because student need to get a new method that is
more enjoyable.
B. Statement of the Problem
In this research, the writer intends to focus on the following
problems:
1. What are the intrinsic literature elements that the author uses in the novel
Hades Sang Autis?
2. What moral values the author tries to convey in the novel?
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C. The Objective of the Study
The objectives of the study are as follow:
1. To find out the intrinsic literature elements in the Deasylawati’ Hades
Sang Autis novel.
2. To find out moral values the author tries to convey in Deasylawati’s novel
Hades Sang Autis novel.
D. The Benefit of the Study
The benefits of the study are as follow:
1. Academic Benefit
The benefit on the study is expected to be beneficial to literary
world and complement of the study of Hades Sang Autis novel.
2. Practical Benefit
The writer hopes this study can contribute to the development of
literary study, particularly among the people who are interested in the
literary study. The writer also expects that the reader of Deasylawaty’s
novel “Hades Sang Autis” can take the moral values contained in the
novel.
E. Clarification of Key Terms
The writer will clarify the terms to avoid mistakes of the title
consideration:
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1. Moral values
Moral comes from Latin mores. It means culture or custom,
attitude, characteristic, and way of life.(Suseno,1997:139). A moral is a
message conveyed or a lesson to be learned from a story or event. The
moral may be left to the hearer, reader or viewer to determine for
themselves,
or
may
be
explicitly
encapsulated
in
a
maxim.
(http://www.En..wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral, 20 April 2010)
Value theory encompasses a range of approaches to understanding
how, why, and to what degree humans should value things, whether the
thing is a person, idea, object, or anything else. This investigation began in
ancient philosophy, where it is called axiology or ethics. Early
philosophical investigations sought to understand good and evil, and the
concept of "the good". Today much of value theory is scientifically
empirical, recording what people do value and attempting to understand
why they value it in the context of psychology, sociology, and economics.
(http://www. en.wikipeia.org/wiki/values, 15 April 2010)
2. Novel
A novel is a long narrative in literary prose. The genre has
historical roots both in the fields of the medieval and early modern
romance and in the tradition of the novella. The latter supplied the present
generic
term
in
the
late
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/novel,10 Mei 2010)
3. Hades, Sang Autis
18th
century.(http://www/
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Hades (Άδης or ΐδας; from Greek δης, Hadēs, originally ιδης,
Haidēs or Άΐδης, Aidēs, meaning "the unseen"refers both to the ancient
Greek underworld, the abode of Hades, and to the god of the underworld.
Hades in Homer referred just to the god; the genitive
δου, Haidou, was
an elision to denote locality: "[the house/dominion] of Hades". Eventually,
the nominative, too, came to designate the abode of the dead.(http://
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hades - 97k, 12 Mei 2010)
In Greek mythology, Hades is the oldest male child of Cronus and
Rhea. According to myth he and his brothers Zeus and Poseidon defeated
the Titans and claimed rulership over the universe ruling the underworld,
air, and sea, respectively; the solid earth, long the province of Gaia, was
available to all three concurrently. Because of his association with the
underworld, Hades is often interpreted by moderns as the Grim Reaper,
even though he was not.
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Autism is syndrome that was first described in 1943 by Leon
Kanner, which had described the self-centered thinking. These children
were highly interested, however, in unusual aspects of inanimate
environment.(Sternberg,1994:162)
Hades Sang Autis novel is one of Deasylawaty’s novels. It was
published in Diva Press . This novel tends to teach us about education and
moral behavior that is needed as human beings role to keep other without
to compare one by one especially to respect and give great attention to
autism people to way of life.
F. Review of Previous Researches
This research is library research, so the writer concerns to analyze
the moral values of Hades Sang Autis, through library analyze. Among other
literary of moral values are done by Widi Astuti entitled “Moral Values of
Ayat-ayat Cinta Novel“. She found that we can find message of moral
education from novels like self characters building: responsible, commitment,
hard work, revival, optimism, self confidence, courage, struggling to survive,
thinking positive, modestly, human relation: respect each other, help each
other, appreciating each other and religiosity: admiring God’s creation, believe
in prophet’s said, believe and be grateful to God. (Widiastuti,2008:46)
The writer also sees thesis from Ninik Arifah entitled “A
Descriptive Study of Moral Values in Queen’s Songs.” In this thesis the writer
gets some information from Ninik that song is one of the ways to share moral
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values message as man must responsible, hard work, persevering, optimism,
enthusiasm, honest, appreciating friends, admiring God’s creation, be grateful
to God etc.
Beside on two researches above, the writer also find out from
Indri’s thesis that the title is “An Analysis of Moral Values of Habirurrahman
El-Shirazy’s Ayat-Ayat Cinta Novel”. She found that to study the moral
values, someone can find it in literary, for example Habiburrahman ElShirazy’s novel, such as creative power, respect each other, social interest,
consistent to believe Allah and so on.(Astuti,2007:55-57 )
In this thesis, the writer wants to analyze the novel Hades Sang
Autis written by Deasylawaty Prasetyaningtyas in order to shed light on of
moral values as conveyed by author.
G. Research Methodology
To analyze Hades Sang Autis novel, the writer would like to use
descriptive qualitative method as the following:
1. Research Object
The research object in this study is the main characters in Hades
Sang Autis novel that is written by Deasylawati Prasetyaningtyas and
published by Diva Press.
2. Method of Data Collection
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The writer would like to use study document taken from library to
collect the data. The writer use two kinds of source data are primary and
secondary source.
a. Primary data sources
In this source related to the object of the research. This is essential
source taken from book or research object, Hades Sang Autis novel
written by Deasylawati Prasetyaningtyas and published by Diva Press.
b. Secondary data sources
This secondary data sources are data sources derived from many
literary books and some relevant materials to support and to complete
the primary data sources.
3. Technique of Data Collection
In this research, the writer use technique of data collection like
steps to collect data that are:
a. Reading Hades Sang Autis novel
b. Analyzing the moral values in that novel by reading the novel,
understandable, and getting some information from the novel that are
relevant to the problem.
c. Concluding based on the data analyzed
4. Research Paradigm
In this research, the writer does some sequences:
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a. The writer read Hades Sang Autis novel and compare with others
novel especially from Deasylawaty Prasetyaningtyas’s novel. The
writer chose Hades Sang Autis novel to be primary source and to be
first step on this research to get the conclusion.
b. The writer knows the author from her bibliography and more know his
character from her blog and her explanation after the writer sent a
message of her email.
H. Thesis Outline
To make easier for the readers to understand the content of this
thesis, the writer organizes it into five chapters. Chapter one is introduction,
containing background of the study, statement of the problem, the objective
study, the benefit study, key term, previous literary researches, research
method and thesis outline. Chapter two presents the autobiography of the
author. Chapter three presents the review of related theories of moral values
containing moral, values, the definition of moral values and moral behavior to
the autism children. Chapter four is the analysis and discussion which consist
of the data analysis of intrinsic literature elements of the novel and the data
analysis of moral values of the novel. Chapter five is the closure. It presents
the conclusion and suggestion. The last part is bibliography and appendix.
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CHAPTER II
THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF THE AUTHOR
A. The Biography of the Author
Deasylawati Prasetyaningtyas was born in Magelang at 2sd
December 1984. She is second children of Tiono Hadi Suprapto and Endang
Sriyatun. She was married with Eka Adi Nugraha and got a beautiful baby
namely Azimah Zahrotulfirdaus Al-Fadhl. She graduated from SMA N 4
Surakarta. She lived at Jl.Kepodang II Lemah Abang Sukoharjo. She felt
enjoy to join Forum Lingkar Pena Solo at August 2005. Her hobbies, writing
and reading took her to be good novelist and created some novels. She works
at Indiva Media Kreasi press as publisher and author until present. She also
gets good job in SDIT Nur Hidayah Surakarta as extracurricular journalistic
teacher.
Firstly, she sent the story manuscript in the novel contest that is
held by Muslimah magazine in 2004. By the contest, she got the first award
entitle “Alasan untuk kembali” (july, 2005). Then, some her writing had taken
in Solopos magazine. The next her achievement are the winner of the writing
of Islamic young novel by Tiga Serangkai in 2006 entitle is “Ketika Batu
Mulai Berbicara” that now, is publishing of Tiga Serangkai entitle ”Quraisy
Terakhir”.
The
graduated
student
of
Poltekkes
Surakarta
in
2006,
Deasylawaty Prasetyaningtyas or called Deasy also cooperated with Nassirun
15
16
Purwokartun to make “cergam” story in comic strip form of Obi entitle
“Harumnya Bunga, Pedasnya Cabe” that published by IHF (2007). She also
wrote 8 fiction books to elementary school and junior high school cooperated
with Tropica publishing in 2007 such as “Apa Itu Narkoba, Rakas Juragan
Kertas, Mari Menjaga Kesehatan Otak, Aku Bisa Membuat Makanan Kecil.
Derita Pengguna Obat Terlarang, Bagaimana Menjauhkan Diri Dari
Narkoba, Bahaya Minuman Keras, Bagaimana Minuman Keras Merusak
Tubuh Kita”.
The next her books are published by Indiva Media Kreasi entitle
“Sayembara Mencari Cinta (fiction, 2007), Tetap Happy Saat Menstruasi
(nonfiction book, Indiava,2007), How to be a True Moslem Girl
(nonfiction,indiava, 2007) and become Deasy’s best seller novel in 2008,
Awas Kesetrum Cinta (anthology, nonfiction, 2008). With the Pipit Senja
Publishing
she
have
“Jangan
Jadi
Perempuan
Cengeng
(anthology,nonfiction,2008), and “Livon Mortis, Sebuah Tragedi dalam Dunia
Kesehatan” that tells about humanity tragedy in health institution.
The kid books that she created are “Rakas Juragan Kertas”(Satu
Buku,2007),”Terima Kasih Ya Allah”(Era Intermedia:2007) , “Berikan Upah
Sebelum Keringat Mengering” (Era Intermedia:2007), and “Detektif Cilik
Salman”(Indiava:2009)
The new her novel tries to make comment of Phenomenon Ayatayat cinta that in 2008 this novel (Ayat-Ayat Cinta) made great attention from
the readers not only from Indonesian readers but in some countries told about
17
this novel. The joke novels of Deasy to comment the phenomenon of Ayatayat Cinta novel is “Balada Ayat-ayat Cinta: The Fahri Holic”
(Indiava,2008). “Pshyco Girly: Menguak Rahasia Kepribadian Cewek yang
Asyik dan Unik!”,”Half Mask” are new Deasy’s novel in 2009.
Deasy also release novel in 2010 entitle and “Ora Wa,Ren (Luka
Hai Sang Pemimpi)”. This novel tells about new student from Japan. His
performance is little bad and brave with his hair is brown color. In short time
he became the famous student in the school. But, someday he is known by a
student because the student is old Ren friend when he is in Junior high school.
When that student wants to know about Ren’s family, Ren will do different
like usual. In the fact, Ren has HIV aids and he avoided his family so he lived
alone in Indonesia. This novel is having process to publish in 2010. This novel
surely related with the moral of people that regarded someone who has HIV
Aids must be alone and avoid from the society. However, it is wrong
argumentation. Although this is dangerous disease, but it does not become
worried since we know how to keep the life.
Although Deasy to be good writer and author, but she likes to share
her ability to the new writer or new author. She shares in her blog
(www.deasylawati-p.blogspot.com) so the readers would like to try to make a
good story to be good writer and their writing can be published.
In her blog, we can read many titles like Trik Menerbitkan Karya,
Langkah Mudah Menulis Cerpen and others title beside she published her
books. In the title Trik Menerbitkan Karya, Deasy told about the reason a
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script can be published to be a book. The first her reason is the interesting
contents. The original ideas or creativity ideas is needed to provoke the
readers. The unique contents, different with others book, good inspiration,
able to read the market, follower books etc are more interest to make many
people to read. The second reason is choosing of title. The interesting of
readers sometimes relates with the title of book. The third reason is good
synopsis. Sometimes, the first way before people buy a book is reading of
synopsis. Indeed synopsis has strength to influence people to read that book.
Attract endorsement is the forth reason. There is proverb of “Don’t judge a
book from the cover”. But, the endorsement sometimes is presented from
cover of book. So, although is not great factor, it must be thought as strength
of book. The fifth reason is doing many promotions. It is caused that people is
the habit human. They ever hear they ever see it will make people to think and
have desire to read the book. The last reason is our pray of God. All of them is
Deasy sharing in order to the new writer has new spirit to make better again.
(www.deasylawati-p.blogspot.com, 31 August 2010).
B. Social Background of the Author
The people development is influenced by her family, friend,
society, environment, culture etc. the social background of the author often
influences her work, and her experience, education also influence her thinking
to create his work. Now, the writer will explore the social of Deasylawaty
Prasetyaningtyas’s background.
19
Deasylawaty Prasetyaningtyas is also called Tyas by her parents, is
girl that was born from good family. Since she was child, her mother Endang
Sriyatun has taught her about Islamic religion well beside she lived in
religious city in Magelang. It influenced her attitude, her thinking and her way
to life.
In the school, the young Deasy has unique hobby. It is writing. She
began to have writing exercise when she was in junior high school. Beside she
has unique hobby, she also has some activity that connected with her school
and her Islamic taught. She joined in club “mading” in the school and she
joined in “TPA”, quran education earlier after she studied. After that, she
always make many of writing like script of short story, poems etc and has
resolve to be good author. After she graduated from SMA N 4 Surakarta, she
continued her study in Poltekkes Surakarta. When she studied in the
institution, she tried to understand health world well. Then she has a script and
sent in contest of novel by Muslimah Magazine and she got first award as
novelist in July 2005. In August 2005, she is offered to join in Forum Lingkar
Pena (FLP) Solo to develop her ability in literature. Actually, her parent also
agreed with her decision to join in FLP. Her parent gave many supports to her
in order to make creation better again.
When she got married with Eka adi Nugraha, her husband also
gave her freedom to have carrier. She got work as author, and staff publishing
in Indiava Press. Until Deasy has new baby, Deasy has decision to furlough
from her work and gave great care and attention to her baby. She just did her
20
new activity as young mother to her baby, Azzimah Zahrotulfirdaus Al-Fadhl
until December 2009.
Beside as new mother, Deasy is also to be the member of Islamic
organization in Sukhoharjo where she lived. She is active member and active
tutor about women in Islam in some discussion since she studied in Poltekkes
until present. She likes to remember the women to make veil in her heart not
just in her cloth. So, it explains that Deasy’s novel also gave good message to
the women to way the role and to keep the “aqidah” at the God like prophet
taught. She ever shown to the writer about the team creation and concept of
FACEBOOKS related with financial of Israel war against Palestine. She also
told me that sometimes her experiences made new fresh idea in her work as
author and novelist.
So many activities as publisher and an author never make her to
give up and leave her good job as mother. The writer asked her by Email,
“why you always get spirit to get good creation as novels and some books?”
and she answered, “Because I believe Allah and my spirit is my sweet baby”.
It explains why her works, some of them tell about Islam and role of women
beside
she
likes
to
write
novels.([email protected])
personality
books
or
CHAPTER III
THEORETICAL REVIEW OF MORAL VALUES
In this chapter the writer would like to provide for subchapter of
moral, value, moral values, and moral behavior to the autism children.
A. Moral
Moral is something needed as man to way of life and to get the
happiness in the world and in the end day. Before steeping further to moral
values, the writer intends to note first at discussion about moral.
Morality (from the Latin moralitas "manner, character, proper
behavior") has three principal meanings. In its "descriptive" sense, morality
refers to personal or cultural values, codes of conduct or social mores that
distinguish between right and wrong in the human society. Describing
morality in this way is not making a claim about what is objectively right or
wrong, but only referring to what is considered right or wrong by people. For
the most part right and wrong acts are classified as such because they are
thought to cause benefit or harm, but it is possible that many moral beliefs are
based on prejudice, ignorance or even hatred. This sense of term is also
addressed by descriptive ethics.
In its "normative" sense, morality refers directly to what is right
and wrong, regardless of what people think. It could be defined as the conduct
of the ideal "moral" person in a certain situation. This usage of the term is
21
22
characterized by "definitive" statements such as "That act is immoral" rather
than descriptive ones such as "Many believe that act is immoral." It is often
challenged by a moral skepticism, in which the unchanging existence of a
rigid, universal, objective moral "truth" is rejected. The normative usage of the
term
"morality"
is
also
addressed
by
normative
ethics.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morality - 124k, 13 February 2010)
Dewey said that moral is matter related with morality values.
While, Baron said that moral is something do right or wrong. By MagnisSuseno is said that the term of moral refers well or worst people as human, so
moral subject is seen from good or bad side as man.(Budiningsih,2000:24)
We have moral consideration in our world. We have any decisions
with the see other behavior. We are not only become ourselves but also ignore
how other people do and how they have different principle. If we have failure
sometimes we feel wrong or our deeply hearth deny to us.
Moral issues concern both behavior and character; they arise when
life presents people with such questions as “what should I do (or not do),” “
how should I act?” etc. Moral issues arise most fundamentally when the
choices people face will affect the well-being of others by either increasing or
decreasing it, causing either harm or benefit. The well-being involved can be
physical and psychological. Forms of physical harm that behavior can cause
include death, injury, disease, disability, and physical pain. Behavior can also
cause psychological harm (1) by creating or intensifying such painful
psychological states as loneliness, fear, depression, hopelessness, despair,
23
unhappiness, anxiety, and sadness and (2) by eroding such positive
psychological states as self-confidence, self-esteem, self-respect, happiness,
and feelings of self-worth.(Barcallow,1994:3-4)
B. Definition Values
Human values are a set of emotional rules people follow to help
make the right decisions in life. When values are used in a professional
setting, they are called ethics (Changing Minds, n.d.). Values are used in every
day decision making at work and at home. Good values instill a sense of
integrity, honesty, and diligence in people. Without good values, people would
become corrupt, dishonest, and undependable as people and employees.
Companies want to hire employees with a sense of moral value so that they
can help improve the company as a whole. Promoting values in every-day life
and in the workplace can help promote career success.
Values are related to the norms of a culture, but they are more
general and abstract than norms. Norms are rules for behavior in specific
situations, while values identify what should be judged as good or evil. Flying
the national flag on a holiday is a norm, but it reflects the value of patriotism.
Wearing dark clothing and appearing solemn are normative behaviors at a
funeral. They reflect the values of respect and support of friends and family.
Different cultures reflect different values. "Over the last three decades,
traditional-age college students have shown an increased interest in personal
well-being and a decreased interest in the welfare of others." Values seemed to
24
have changed, affecting the beliefs, and attitudes of college students. (http:
//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_(personal_and_cultural), 13 February 2010)
The values support moral perspective especially in the moral
education. The Values clarification approach aims at helping students clarify
what their lives are for, what is worth working for.(Beninnga,1991:11)
Values are the principia of practical thought. The moderns tend to
believe the latter and see values as something added to the world by man,
through his own free creativity. (books.google.co.id/books?isbn=076580962,,
14 February 2010)
Theory of values is third part of philosophy, knowledge theory,
essence theory and values theory. Value means cost. Something has value
because it is valuable. In commonly, people said that value ties on things and
never tie out of things. In other side, some people said that value is out of
things. (Juhaya,1997:41)
C. Definition of Moral Values
Moral values are things held to be right or wrong or desirable or
undesirable. While morality is sometimes described as 'innate' in humans,
the scientific view is that a capacity for morality is genetically determined in
us, but the set of moral values is acquired, through example, teaching, and
imprinting from parents and society. Different cultures have very different
moral value systems. Moral values, along with traditions, laws, behavior
25
patterns,
and beliefs,
are
the
defining
features
of
a
culture.
(http://dictionary.babylon.com/moral%20value, 13 February 2010 )
Moral values are happened by moral behavior in our life. Moral
values as faced from a situation where man needs a movement and to behave
in their habit, their relation with their God. in their culture and in their social
life where he lived.
Moral behavior means behavior in conformity with the moral code
of social group. Moral development has both an intellectual and impulsive
aspect.
Children
must learn
what
is
right
and
what
is
wrong.
(Hurlock,1978:386)
Moral behavior is behavior that conforms to the standards of the
group with which the individual is identified. But, unmoral or immoral
behavior fails to do so. This failure is due to disapproval of social standards or
lack of feeling of obligation to conform to these standards-immoral “behavioror ignorance of social standards-unmoral behavior. (Hurlock,1978:413)
By moral behavior, the student are hoped to have
responsible, decrease to immoral like indiscipline, violence, bullying, drugs,
free sex etc and to increase psychological health and relationship among the
student.
D. Moral Behavior to the Autism children
Autism is a disorder of neural development characterized by
impaired social interaction and communication, and by restricted and
26
repetitive behavior. These signs all begin before a child is three years old.
Autism affects information processing in the brain by altering how nerve cells
and their synapses connect and organize; how this occurs is not well
understood. It is one of three recognized disorders in the autism spectrum
(ASDs), the other two being Asperger syndrome, which lacks delays in
cognitive development and language, and Pervasive Developmental DisorderNot Otherwise Specified (commonly abbreviated as PDD-NOS), which is
diagnosed when the full set of criteria for autism or Asperger syndrome are
not met. (www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autism, 31 August 2010)
The autism behaviors became big problem to the parent and
caregiver. The behaviors include aggressive, unnatural behavior, dangerous
behavior and some behaviors like flapping, rocking etc commonly. The
writing and communication ability are primary problem to the autism man.
Incapable of language used to communicate their needs can make autis to
shout.
The autism man is not only big problem for the parent but also to
social environment. Their attitudes like they don’t care to others, difficult to
build communication, and live in their world alone, are felt peculiar in society
and sometimes some people that understandable regard the autism man is
crazy. The result from this assumption influences parent psychology and
finally the parent gets ashamed. (Astuti,2008:21)
27
The autism behaviors above can aware us that the special children
need like autism man need some people that can comprehend and understand
them.
There is no standard treatment for autism, and different
professionals have different philosophies and practices in caring for their
patients. We may want to talk to more than one specialist to find the one with
whom we feel most comfortable. Ask family members, friends, and the health
care practitioner to obtain referrals. Call autism groups or check the Internet
for referral services. Some Treatment strategies used in autism include
behavioral, educational, biomedical, and complementary therapies. Some of
these are supported by scientific studies, while others are not. It is important to
discuss and consider the research support for the treatments chosen. Some
people tried to use many kinds of therapy to their autism children.
(www.emedicinehealth.com/autism, 1 September 2010)
The role of social environment can influence the development of
autism’s health beside the role of their parents as primary factor.
For
examples, firstly, the society gives the strength and support to the parent in
order to give great attention to their autism children. Secondly, the society
gives them a space and time to do something their creativity and respect them
as part of human beings.
CHAPTER IV
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
A. The
Data
of
Intrinsic
Literature
Elements
of
Deasylawaty
Prasetyaningtyas’s Novel “Hades Sang Autis”
1. The Synopsis of the Novel
Hades Sang Autis novel tells about an autism man from rich and
famous family. His father, Panji Sastranegara is member of council that surely
he wants his son who has many great problems and may disturb his career to
leave him.
Narendra Putra Panji or Rendra is an autist who regards himself as
Hades the God of Death. His life is underworld where every people do not
know what he wants. This is unique character that make some people feel
worried especially his family. He has autism since he is baby and has bad
condition when his parent divorced and his mother leaved him alone. He likes
rock ice so cold and mysterious man. He often do everything same again and
again. He does not care anything because his life is different with common
people. He never talks, and he never moves from his place. This condition
makes him feel alone and he exists in the place that he does not know where
and why he is there. He is the greatest hurricane to society and his family, The
God of Death. Hades.
28
29
One day, a startle case happened. Rendra took knife filled with
bloods. He just silent and did not do anything. He saw a corpse and few dark
nights until some people found him. They surprised, they screamed and saw
Rendra hatefully. But, a man saved Rendra to go away.
Absolutely, this case made his father infuriation. He does not want
all people to know in order to save his career. So, he asks Erlangga Pratama to
carry Rendra move in Bandung and school in SMA Tunas Bangsa Bandung.
Erlangga is first son from Panji Sastranegara. But, the way of his talking is
like an assistant of Panji.
SMA Tunas Harapan is best school in Bandung. It has so many
students. There is nothing something happened in this school before Rendra
comes. But, after Rendra came, this situation changes like Rendra is
disseminator of terror in school.
The teacher tries to discipline her students until a young man enters
the classroom. He stands in front of class without doing anything until the
teacher touches his shoulder and asks him to introduce himself. Rendra talks
slowly and nervous. Maybe, it is new situation to him after he is moved
because his case in Jakarta where he lived before. All students feel strange
especially some students who do not like his attitude. They are Adip, Sani and
Raihan. Adib and Sani are duo gang in that school while Raihan is leader of
student association or we can call “OSIS”. He is also achiever student in XI
IPA 2. In other side, Pipit likes Rendra from the first sight. Pipit is cute girl,
very attractive, sporty, smart, and she gets calling as neng gelis from her
30
friends. Pipit oversees Rendra well. Cold is like ice, hard is like rock, there is
something different with Rendra. This condition is surely described of Rendra
in that time for all of the students.
Until the bell rings and the class will quiet, there is nothing
something that can disturb Rendra from his attention. He will go from his
chair until he feels alone. He walks slowly to get his wants. He brings his
duffle bag and gets out.
In temporary Rendra walks out of the class, Pipit enters the class to
take her things. They would be collided in the door. But, Rendra does not get
any respond. So, Pipit decides to back together with Rendra and give him so
many questions absolutely she does not get any answer.
Suddenly, Rendra hears a voice. He runs away to go to the
corridor. He runs like ghost will catch him. He hears a man says that he is
Janus and Thanatos. Janus is God of doors in mythology of Greece or Roman.
Janus is also known as beginning and ending from everything. Thanatos is
God of death and well known as Hades. This is first to enter the big problem
of Rendra in new situation because Janus and Thanatos is like fate of Rendra
that is always invite Rendra in the deep conversation.
In Dago Bandung, Rendra is guided some people all the times. His
servant Mbok Nah is always beside him to prepare everything that Rendra
need and Bayu keeps Rendra from some people that hurt Rendra. Mbok Nah is
loyal servant that worked until so many years in the Panji’s family. She is also
keed Rendra since Rendra baby. Sometimes, she must patient to help Rendra
31
because Rendra is always angry when he feels hungry and sleepy. But, this is
a daily activity of Mbok Nah as good servant.
A killing will happen if Rendra can’t keep himself. After school,
like usual Rendra walks alone although Pipit beside him. A same voice comes
suddenly and asks Rendra to do his work as God of Death. As soon Rendra
screams that make Pipit confuses. Rendra runs faster than before because he
does not want to kill Pipit, new his friend.
Then Pipit decides to follow where Rendra goes. On the way, Pipit
sees Rendra with a mysterious man who gives Rendra ice cream and a book.
He is Rahardian and his nick name is Ian. He is rendra’s old brother from his
mother with Yunedo, a doctor in the Ngoresan Solo. But, Ian believes that he
is Panji’s son with Dewi.
In the next day, a bad new comes from Sani, on of the Duo gang in
the SMA Tunas Bangsa School. Sani is found by some student. He ties and
hangs in the warehouse badly. Everybody scares and this is the first peculiar
accident in that school since Rendra came to that school.
After the accident in Rendra’s school, something is happened again
in Rendra’s home. Mbok Nah is killed from the stairs. Rendra is seen stand in
up stair lonely. Suddenly, this accident spreads in some newspaper and surely
makes all people who read the newspaper surprise, especially Angga.
After the accident in Rendra’s house, some students of SMA Tunas
Harapan Bangsa, such as Pipit, Raihan, Adit and Sani have a bad new that
Rendra is autist and needs great attention from all people. This new makes
32
four from Rendra’s friend do not believe that Rendra is killer like accusation
from many people. They decide to find the evidence to safe Rendra. True, the
evidence from Rendra’s room is gotten and this evidence points of Rendra’s
brother Ian as accused as Janus, some archipelago said that he leads all of
divinities.
The climax happenes when Rendra is kidnapped by Ian. A drama is
begun when Ian shoots Yunedo, Ian father because Ian feels that Yunedo
caused Dewi and Panji divorce. But, Ian does not know that Yunedo is truly
his father. Then Angga tells that Ian is Dewi and Yunedo’s son before Dewi
married with their father, Panji Sasteranegara. Ian is jealous to determine his
fate and to see of Rendra’s lucky fate. So, Ian tries to kill Rendra, in the
situation Rendra is in his underworld, but Angga and Raihan keep and save
Rendra from Ian. A fighting happened and Ian falls in floor. A fire clears away
and sting Ian’s body. Suddenly, Rendra runs out and hit his body to a car that
moves quickly. This is the end of Hades, the God of death.
2. Character and characterization
Character and characterization are the basic element in many
imaginative literatures, therefore they merit considerable attention paid to
them. According to Kennedy, character is an imagined person who inhabits in
a story. (Kennedy,1983:4) Character is divided into two kinds, namely major
and minor character. Major character is the most important character in a
story, because this becomes central action. In a work, the protagonist and
33
antagonist are the main or major characters. They cannot stand by themselves.
They need another character in example a minor character. Sometimes minor
character is not really involved with the action at all; nevertheless it is very
important to the characterization of the formers. This character makes the
story be interesting. The minor character is the character that is less important
that the first one.
a. Major character
Major character is the most important character in the story. In this
novel there are three major characters.
1. Narendra Putra Panji
Narendra Putra Panji is the last son of Panji Sastranegara. He is tall
and has pale white skin. He is young mysterious man. He is cold, just
keeps silent without say anything and without any expression as if he has
just swim in the middle of rain then is hit by storm. He never cares
anything around him. Alone, like no one beside him because he lived in
the underworld and just iPod that always he brings in everyplace and
accompany him as his friend. No man will presume he saved many terrible
cases, sarcasm, full of mystery and fearing. He thought become a killer of
his friends. He is liked Hades (the Death of God in old Roman).
Ín the Deasylawaty’s novel said: Remaja bertubuh kurus itu cukup
tinggi, tetapi tidak lebih tinggi dibandingkan Raihan. Bahunya agak
melengkung je depan, sehingga terkesan seperti membungkuk. Rambutnya
lurus hitam dengan potongan shaggy pendek. Alisnya lebat dan pipinya
34
terlihat agak cekung. Wajahnya yang halus tampak pucat dan dingin
tanpa ekspresi. seolah-olah, ia baru saja berenang di tengah hujan,
kemudian
tersapu
mengeringkan
badai
diri.
ketika
baru
Kepalanya
saja
beristirahat
tertunduk
sambil
dalam-
dalam.(Prasetyaningtyas,2008:16)
The boy was tall, but was not taller than Raihan. His shoulder
arched forward, so like bend. His hair short straight and cut short shaggy.
His face is pale and cool without any expression, as if he has just swim in
the midlle of florest then was swept of storm when he has just take a rest
while drays self. His head bowed deeply.
Lalu Narendra sendiri. Seorang pemuda yang ternyata begitu jauh
dari orang-orang di sekitarnya. Mereka bersamanya, tetapi ia tetap
sendirian di dunianya, dunia yang sunyi. Ia tidak membiarkan seorang
pun masuk memasuki dunianya. Ya, mungkin seperti itulah Narendra yang
sebenarnya, seperti Hades….(Prasetyaningtyas,2008:165)
Then, Narendra self, is a boy who actually is so far from around
people beside him. They are being with him, but he still alone in his world,
quiet world. He does not allow someone enter his world. Yes, maybe
Narendra is look like, like Hades.
2. Berliana Puspita
Berliana Puspita or is called Pipit is nice girl that has good
characteristics. She is cheerful, friendly and aggressive girl that make
every people around her feel comfort and happy. She is first people who
35
believe that Rendra is not killer. Her spirit brings some her friends to enter
the Rendra’s case and give big evidence about involvement of Ian as killer
and spread a terror in the school.
We can take explanation from the text to confirm the pipit’s
characteristics. “Selamat pagi!!! Sapa Pipit dengan ceria. Gadis berambut
panjang
sepinggang
itu
memasuki
kelas
dengan
berlari…….
(Prasetyaningtyas,2008:11)
” Good morning!!! A greeting Pipit cheerfully. A long hair girl
runs to enter the classroom……
Lantas tanpa dikomando, keduanya saling mengangguk. Pipit
memang terlalu mudah akrab sama orang! (Prasetyaningtyas,2008:202)
So, without an instruction, both of them keep nodding. Actually,
Pipit is so easy to friendship with the people!
3. Rahardian or Ian
Rahardian, the nick name is Ian is the second of Panji’s son. He
lectures in a university in Jakarta. His hobby is adventure in many places.
He has many different characters. Rendra thinks that Ian is good brother
like Poseidon (SeaWorld God). In the fact, Ian killed some Rendra’s
friends and he made Rendra as killer and terror all of people. He made
Rendra’s disease to kill some of people and to make all of people hate
Rendra.
36
The bad characteristic of Ian is told in Deasylawaty’s novel as
”Dugaanmu benar-benar hebat dan semuanya tepat!” Ian
menyeriangai lebar. ”Kecuali beberapa kali perkelahian kecil-kecilan
dengan teman sekelasnya sendiri, semua memang aku yang lakukan! Aku
yang menyiksa anak-anak malang itu, aku juga yang membunuh
keempatnya! Dan, berita di koran-koran itu? Huhuhu....sekeras apapun
kakakku Angga yang hebat atau papaku yang pejabat besar itu
membungkam media, mereka tetap tahu berita itu, karena aku!Ya! aku
yang membocorkan berita penganiayaan dan pembunuhan di sekolahsekolah Rendra!”.(Prasetyaningtyas, 2008:219)
”Your prediction is great and everything is exact!” says Ian grins.
“Except some small figthings with the classroom mate, all of them is I
done! I torture the unlucky boys, I kill four of them! And then, the news
from newspapers??? Huhuhuhu…..the whatever my great brother Angga
hard effort or my father that big functionary closed the media, they still
know the news, because of me!yes! I leak the mistreatment and killing in
Rendra’s schools.
b. Minor character
Minor character is used to support the characterization of the major
character. It can make the story become alive and sometimes not really
involved with the action, but can make interest.
37
Some minor characters in the Hades Sang Autis novel are:
1. Raihan Adi Putra
Raihan is smart student in SMA Tunas Bangsa Bandung. His
handsome made all of girl like him so much. He is the first boy who has
many love letters from his fans. He is member of basketball team in his
school. He ever took Pipit to be his girlfriend but Pipit refused. Although
he failed, he still makes good relation with Pipit. He helps Pipit to reveal
Rendra’s case.
In the Deasylawaty’s novel offers to give Raihan’s characters like:
Dialah Raihan Adi Putra, Ketua OSIS SMA Tunas Bangsa. Ia juga
dikenal sebagai juara paralel yang bertahan sejak kelas X. Ditambah
wajahnya mirip Keanu Reeves, Raihan memegang predikat pertama
cowok
dengan
jumlah
surat
cinta
terbanyak
yang
pernah
diterima.(Prasetyaningtyas,2008:13)
He is Raihan Adi Putra, the leader of student association of SMA
Tunas Bangsa. He is also known as the achiever who hold put from X
level class. And added his face likes Keanu Reeves, Raihan takes predicate
the first boy who has the most love letter.
2. Pradipta
Pradipta or the nick name’s Adip, is good relation of Raihan in the
basketball team. Pradipta has loud voice and everybody called him Jabrik
38
because his hair. He has hard characteristics. In other side, he keeps his
solidarity with his friends.
Pradipta in the novel is explained that: .
Manusia satu ini memang tidak bisa bicara tanpa suara keras.
Konon, kata Sani, rumah Adib sangat luas bahkan lebih luas
dibandingkan areal Gasibu Bandung. Namun, tak seorangpun percaya
dengan keterangan Sani. (Prasetyaningtyas,2008:15)
The man is really can not speak slowly. Sani said that Adib house
is wider than Gasibu Bandung. But, no one believes Sani said.
3. Angga
Angga or his name is Erlangga Pratama. He is old Panji’s son. He
works as Panji’s assistant and as controller his brother Rendra in his home.
Every case that Rendra did cleared Angga well because he is hard worker.
The describing of Angga in the novel said : Pria muda itu bernama
Angga. Nama lengkapnya Erlangga Pratama. Saat ini, ia menjabat
sebagai direktur muda perusahaan garmen. Ia memimpin dua perusahaan
sekaligus. Angga juga dikenal sebai penulis dan pengamat bisnis. Dengan
seabrek kesuksesan yang telah diraihnya di usia yang terbilang cukup
muda, pantaslah jika dia dianggap sebagai seorang pria yang nyaris
sempurna. Sayangnya, sampai saat ini ia belum juga berumah tangga.
(Prasetyaningtyas,2008:9)
The young man namely Angga. His full name is Erlangga Pratama.
In this time, he occupy as young director in garment factory. He leads two
39
factories. Angga is also known as author and bisnis viewer. Because of
many of his succesfull that he gotten in young age, it is reasonable he is
regarded perfect man. Unlucky, until this time, he has not married yet.
4. Muhammad Sania
Muhammad Sania is the member of Duo gang in the school. He
always follow where does Adip go and what is Adip doing. His voice is
loud because Sani like to scream in the classroom.
Sani in the novel is said: Sani sendiri suka berteriak karena
menirukan Adip. Dia akan melakukan apa saja yang diperintahkan Adib
karena mengaku sebagai pengikut setianya. (Prasetyaningtyas,2008:15)
Sani hisself, like scream because he follows Adib. He will do every
Adib ask because he admits as Adib followers.
5. Dewi
Dewi is Panji’s wife. She lived her home since she divorced and
move to Solo. Dewi has one son from her married with Panji. Dewi is
famous artist some years before she married. Because she feels not
comfort with Panji she has drunk. Then she was lost to get her life. She is
causing why Rendra often amuck.
In the novel tells: Ya, gilanya kehidupan atau kehidupan yang
gila? Entahlah, Dewi terkadang merasa bahwa hidupnya memang sudah
gila sejak dulu. Atau, mungkin juga karena dirinya terlalu rapuh,
sehingga gilanya kehidupan sudah tak sanggup lagi ia pikul. Akhirnya,
terjatuhlah ia ke dalam penjara kehidupan yang paling kejam bernama
40
siksa batin, sehingga harus berurusan dengan psikiater. Ia berkelana dari
satu psikiater ke psikiater lain (Prasetyaningtyas,2008:27).
Yes, the mad of life or life is crazr? We don’t know, Dewi
sometimes feels that her life is crazy from past time ago. Or, maybe she is
so brettle, so the mad of life can not be carried. Finally, she is failed on the
prison of life which brutallest namely mistreatment of heart.
Although we devide each character to be major and minor
characters, we can conclude that characterization has protagonist and
antagonist character. Protagonist is main character and focus in the reader’s
attention. While,antagonist is character of person or force in conflict with
protagonist. In Deasylawaty’s Hades Sang Autis Novel, Narendra Putra Panji
or Rendra was became as protagonist because he is the reader’s focus. Then,
Ian or the full name is Rahardian is antagonist because he made conflict in the
story.
3. Theme
Theme is the point of story of talk, discussion and topic of the
entire story that reveals. Kennedy states, theme is whatever general idea or
insight the entire story reveals.
Theme is the core idea. In a novel, theme can be equalized with the
foundation of a building. It is impossible to build a house without a story. The
theme can be found from Hades Sang Autis tends to humanist as social people
that respect each others and invites the reader to give great attention to autism
41
disease. The writer thinks that this novel gave a good message that surely
correlated with the theme.
4. Plot
Such a structure of event arising out of a conflict may be called the
plot of the story. As many terms used in literary discussion, it is blessed with
several meanings. Sometimes it refers simply to the events in a story.
According to Kennedy, plot is the artistic arrangement of those events.
(Kennedy,1983:37) Different arrangements of the same material are possible.
A writer might decide to tell of the events in chronological order, beginning
with the earliest, or he might open his story with the last event, and then tell
what up to it.
In Webster’s dictionary plot is the plan or pattern of events or the
main story gradual unfolding of casually connected series of motivated
incidents. (Webster,1961:1121) According Mario Klarer that plot is the logical
interaction of the various thematic elements of a text which lead to change of
the original situation as presented at the outside of the narratives.
(Klarer,1999:15)An ideal traditional plot line encompasses the following four
sequential levels, exposition-complication-climax or turning point-resolution.
The exposition or presentation of the initial situation is disturbed
by a complication or conflict which produces suspense and eventually leads to
a climax, crisis, or turning point. The climax is followed by a resolution of the
implication, with which the text usually ends. Most traditional fiction, drama
42
and film employ this basic plot structures, if the plot is simple it means that
story will be difficult to understand.
a. Exposition
The story introduces when Rendra gets a new school in SMA
Tunas Harapan Bandung. In this school, Rendra is known with a friend
namely Berliana Puspita. She cares Rendra’s so much before and after she
knows that Rendra is autsm boy. In other side, Rendra’s has different
respond from some friends that regard Rendra likes arrogant. They are
Raihan, Adip and Sani. They are classmate of Rendra in the new school.
b. Complication
Two of big cases happened when Sani lost and found unaware of
some friends in the warehouse. Then some friends think that Rendra’s is
criminal because they think that Rendra hurt Sani. Other case is happened
in Rendra’s house. Mbok Nah, Rendra’s servant that worked in Rendra’s
house as long times, killed by a person that no one know the actor of this
killing. Because of this situation, Rendra amuck and finally, he is moved
in hospital treatment.
c. Climax
The climax from novel Hades Sang Autis, that written by
Deasylawaty, is finding of evidence to release Rendra from accusation as
killer. This evidence is gotten from Rendra’s messenger with a person
namely Janus. This evidence makes Pipit, Raihan, Adip and Bayu find a
killer that make Rendra as his mask. He is Ian, Rendra’s brother. One
43
night, a fighting is happened among Ian, Angga, Raihan, and some
bodyguards of Ian. Ian try to hurt Rendra because he thinks that Rendra is
causing Ian is chased way from his house. Ian thinks that Rendra’s is not
Panji’s son because Rendra’s is different among them. But, Angga denies
and explain that Ian is not Panji’s son because when Panji married with
Dewi, Dewi was pregnant with a body else. Then, Ian wondered from this
fact. He tries to shoot and burn Rendra.
d. Resolution
The fighting among Ian, Angga, Raihan and two of Ian’s gang
makes Rendra does not convenience. The shot that is pointed at Rendra,
takes to Ian’s body. Suddenly, Ian fails and Dewi runs to help Ian. The
scream from the people makes Rendra stress. Rendra run out to the street
and find to get Janus (his ending of life). The lighting comes from the
front of Rendra stand. Finally, Rendra hits and die.
5. Setting
Setting is the element of fiction which reveals where and when of
events. Setting denotes location, historical period and social surroundings in
which the action of a text develops.(Klarer,1999:25) Setting is divided into
two parts, namely setting of place and setting of time. The setting of place
leads to where the events occur and the setting of time leads to when the
events occur.
a. Setting of place
44
There are many places that the writer can find in the novel. The
places where the story of Hades Sang Autis takes place as the following:
1. Menteng Jakarta
Menteng Jakarta is Rendra and family lived before he is moved to
Bandung. In this town, Rendra is assumed as killer of his friend when he
camped. (Prasetyaningtyas, 2008:8)
2. SMA Tunas Bangsa Bandung
SMA Tunas Bangsa Bandung is Redra’s school. in this place many
case happened start from Rendra meets a shadow that make him like
Hades, he recognize Pipit and some friends that help he to find evidence
etc. (Prasetyaningtyas, 2008:13)
3. Rendra’s house in Dago Bandung
In Rendra’s house something happened. Mbok Nah fails from the
stair and dead. In this case, Rendra is assumed as killer of Mbok Nah, his
servant. In this house, there is a big debate between Angga and Panji
because Panji wants Angga to clear Rendra’s case, but Angga refuses.
(Prasetyaningtyas, 2008:32)
4. Ngoresan Solo
Ngoresan Solo, is place where Dewi lived after she divorced. In
this place, Dewi meets with Yunedo, a doctor in hospital. Yunedo is Ian’s
father. (Prasetyaningtyas, 2008:25)
45
5. Manahan Solo
Manahan Solo, is place where Dewi and Yunedo have eating and
discussing
to
meet
their
children,
Ian
in
Bandung.
(Prasetyaningtyas,2008:96)
b. Setting of time
In this novel, the setting og time does not explain clearly. The
setting of time that the writer can take is just the times like morning in the
school, and at the night in Rendra’s house.
6. Point of View
The point of view show the position from which the story is told.
According to Kennedy, to identify the narrator of a story, describing any part
he plays in the events and any limits placed upon his knowledge, is to identify
the story’s point of view. (Kennedy,1983:45) James L Potter supports this
opinion, in his book Elements of the Literature. He definite, identifies the
point of view of a story is to identify the narrator.
Point of view is an essential element in building a story. The main
character’s point of view is the writer’s vision embodied in the characters’
view. Thus this point of view is closely related to telling story technique.
From the Deasylawaty’s Prasetyaningtyas’snovel Hades Sang
Autis we can know point view from the character, setting and conflict that tries
of the author. From this reason the writer can assume that point of view the
author is the third person.
46
7. Style
Style is the choice and arrangement of words into sentence.
Kennedy states, style is the clearest indicators of the tone of a story. It refers to
the individual traits or characteristics of a piece of writing. (Kennedy,1983:67)
Deasylawaty’s novel Hades Sang Autis is written by using figure
language with simple, direct and understandable sentences. In this novel used
descriptive language and some figure speeches that describe many situations
and bring the reader to enter the story. There are many footnotes that really
help the reader to understand well. Some figurative speeches that the writer
would like to attend are:
1. Personification is an ontological metaphor in which a thing or abstraction
is represented as a person.
“Tetes-tetes air hujan yang bergulir perlahan membasahi tanah, serasa
menusuk kulit. Hembusan angin meliuk-liuk meniupkan seruling
keheningan yang mencekam”.
Run drops which roll on land wetted while prick the skin. The
wind gasp flicker blows the dark clarity flute.
2. Metaphor is an analogy between two objects or ideas, conveyed by the use
of a word instead of another.
Pemuda itu menatap sesosok manusia yang terbaring di depannya,
sesosok manusia dengan tubuh memerah bermandikan darah.
47
The man sees a slept body in front of him, a red body bath of
bloods.
3. Sarcasm is coarsest figurative speech to tease someone.
” cowok apa banci, tuh?”
“It is man or female??”
4. Hyperbola is redundant expression
Manusia satu itu memang tidak bisa bicara tanpa suara keras.
The one man absolutely can not speak slowy.
5. Antonomasia is using characteristics of body to replace self.
“Pradipta sang pengembara telah tiba!”
”Pradipta wanderer came!”
B. Data Analysis of Moral Values
As the writer told in previous chapter, moral values are consist of standard of
right and wrong. Thus, moral values can be used as moral education. In this
study, the writer has found moral values in novel Hades Sang Autis that are
suggested for moral education. They are followings:
1. Love and belonging
Love and belonging are something special needed to live. Love to
our God, love to ourselves, love to our family, friends and our people
around us, love to each other. We need a love as way of life. Because of
the social nature of humans and the long developmental period from birth
48
to adulthood, the need for love and belonging are closely linked to the
need for survival, Belonging and Mercy.
َ‫وَﻣِﻦْ آﯾَﺎﺗِﮫِ أَنْ ﺧَﻠَﻖَ ﻟَﻜُﻢْ ﻣِﻦْ أَﻧْﻔُﺴِﻜُﻢْ أَزْوَاﺟًﺎ ﻟِﺘَﺴْﻜُﻨُﻮا إِﻟَﯿْﮭَﺎ وَﺟَﻌَﻞ‬
َ‫ﺑَﯿْﻨَﻜُﻢْ ﻣَﻮَدَّةً وَرَﺣْﻤَﺔً إِنَّ ﻓِﻲ ذَﻟِﻚَ ﻵﯾَﺎتٍ ﻟِﻘَﻮْمٍ ﯾَﺘَﻔَﻜَّﺮُون‬
“And among His Signs is this, that He created for you mates from among
yourselves, that ye may dwell in tranquility with them, and He has put love
and mercy between your (hearts): verily in that are Signs for those who
reflect.” (Ar Room:21)
Texts in Novel
English Translation
“Mas Rendra,” panggil Mbok Nah, “ Mas Rendra,” Mbok Nak said,
nama perempuan itu, lirih, “Sekarang, namely the women slowly. “ it’s time to
waktunya makan,” ulangnya seraya eat,”
membelai pipi rendra. (page.33)
Si
pria
tersenyum
hangat
she
repeated
and
caressed
Rendra’s cheek.
kepada The man smiled to Rendra, “ Yes,
Rendra. “Ya, Ren…es krim. Kau mau Ren…ice cream. Do you like ice
makan es krim, kan?” dia mengambil cream?” he took a pain paper from his
sebuah kertas bergambar dari tasnya, bag, ice cream draw.
gambar es krim. (page.65)
Mbok Nah merapikan selimut Rendra. Mbok Nah tidied up Rendra’s blanket.
49
Kemudian,
dengan
penuh
sayang, Then,
full
of
love,
she
touched
diusapnya kening pemuda yang telah Rendra’s forehead. Her old face was
terlelap itu. Wajah rentanya penuh full of love smiling when she saw a
senyum sayang ketika menatap seraut smooth face in her forward. “Rendra,
wajah halus yang begitu polos di must be patient…The God, Allah never
depannya.
“Mas
ya…Gusti
Allah
Rendra,
mboten
sabar sleep.” She said in whisper softly. Then
sare…” she got up from the big bad.
bisiknya lembut. Lantas, ia beranjak
dari kasur besar itu. (page.168)
2. Respect
A positive feeling of esteem for a person or other entity (such as a
nation or a religion), and also specific actions and conduct representative
of that esteem.
ْ‫وَأَذِﻧَﺖْ ﻟِﺮَﺑِّﮭَﺎ وَﺣُﻘَّﺖ‬
“And hearkens to (the Command of) its Lord, and it must needs (do so);”
(Al-Inshiqaq:2)
Text in Novel
“Baik,Pa” tukas Angga singkat. Ia “Oke,
English Translation
Pa.”
said
Angga.
He
mengantar kepergian Panji dengan accompanied Panji’s leaving with close
menelungkupkan telapak tangan di atas his hand in up his thigh bows down like
50
paha seraya menunduk, bak seorang hotel service that accompanied his
pelayan
hotel
mengantar
tamu guest.
kehormatan. (page.10)
Setelah para polisi naik ke lantai atas, After Police have gone to the upstairs,
Erlangga kembali menghadap Panji. Ia Erlangga met Panji again. He made
membungkuk
sedikit,
menundukkan little bows down his head, “ Sorry,..”
kepalanya. “Maaf…” katanya masih his said with the pleasure. “ I can not do
dengan ketenangannya, “saya tidak bisa it anymore. I know Rendra should be
lagi. Saya tahu Rendra memang harus really protected,, but I can not lie my
dilindungi,
tapi
saya
tidak
bisa my own feeling. If he never do any
mengingkari batin saya sendiri. Jika mistake, I will guide and in the
memang dia tidak salah, akan saya contrary.” Angga returned to shake his
lindungi,
begitu
juga
sebaliknya.” head and then he backs and go out
Angga kembali mengangguk hormat. slowly.
Kemudian dengan anggun dia mundur
dan keluar perlahan. (page.160)
3. Friendly and be polite
Friendly means showing kindness to someone, as a friend would
behave. Indonesian people well-known as friendly people where we are
still hold our norm. Polite is way to respect other as social human beings.
51
ُ‫وَﻋِﺒَﺎدُ اﻟﺮَّﺣْﻤَﻦِ اﻟَّﺬِﯾﻦَ ﯾَﻤْﺸُﻮنَ ﻋَﻠَﻰ اﻷرْضِ ھَﻮْﻧًﺎ وَإِذَا ﺧَﺎﻃَﺒَﮭُﻢ‬
‫اﻟْﺠَﺎھِﻠُﻮنَ ﻗَﺎﻟُﻮا ﺳَﻼﻣًﺎ‬
“And the servants of (Allah) Most Gracious are those who walk on the
earth in humility, and when the ignorant address them, they say, "Peace!";
(Al-Furqaan:63)
Text in Novel
Pipit
sudah
hendak
English Translation
mengulurkan Pipit would like to extend her hand to
tangannya untuk meraih buku yang get her book before a hand takes her
tergeletak paling jauh, ketika sebuah book firstly. Just a second, the book has
tangan
sudah
mendahului been handed to Pipit. Pipit received the
mengambilnya. Hanya dalam hitungan book. Her eyes were looking at white
detik, buku tersebut telah disodorkan ke skin hand. Pipit raise her head slowly
hadapannya.
tersebut.
Pipit
menerima
Matanya
buku and… it is true. All of students will
memperhatikan have known the name directly of that
tangan sang penolong yang putih has tall body, and has hair like Keanu
bersih. Perlahan Pipit mendongkakkan Reaves in Speed movie. He is Raihan
kepalanya dan ahh..tidak salah lagi. Putra, the leader of student organization
Siapa pun akan langsung tahu siapa SMA Tunas Bangsa. “In the next you
pemilik
tubuh
jangkung
dengan must be careful again” Raihan gave
potongan rambut khas Keanu Reeves advice deeply voice and slowly.
52
dalam film Speed. Dialah Raihan Adi
Putra, Ketua OSIS SMA Tunas Bangsa.
……“Lain kali hati-hati,ya!” pesan
Raihan dengan suara dalam dan lembut
seraya tersenyum..(page.13)
Raihan berdiri dan mendekati Narendra. Raihan stood and closed Narendra. The
Murid
baru
matanya,
di
earphone.
itu
sedang
telinganya
Teman-teman
menutup new student was closing his eyes, in his
terpasang ear
has earphone.
Raihan friends
Raihan oversaw with hold their breath. Raihan
mengawasi sambil menahan nafas. gave his hand, “Hey, my name’s
Raihan munjulurkan tangannya,”Hai, Raihan.” Nothing to give hand again.
perkenalkan,
aku
Sepi….tangannya
menggantung.
Raihan.” Raihan’s hand hangs. A minute…two
Raihan minutes…..
Semenit,
dua
menit….(page.21)
“Makasih ya,Non,” seru sebuah suara “Thanks Miss,” said a voice from the
dari arah pintu. Pipit membalikkan door. Pipit returned her body. A old
badan. Si nenek tua yang memakai grandmother who wore hair accessories
konde tadi tersenyum tulus kepadanya. smiles. “Thanks you have accompanied
“Makasih sudah mengantar Mas Rendra Rendra to back at home.”
pulang.” (page.85)
4. Positive thinking
Positive thinking may make the life problem is so easy. Positive
thinking may people can analysis their problems and can solve the
problems. People see events from many ways. Commonly, the point views
can be divided into two kinds, positively and negatively. This two sides
are contradictory each other and establish our way to respond something.
From this fact we are expected to have positive thinking as way to get our
aims firstly.
Wa ‘ainur-ridha ‘an kulli ‘aibin kaliilatun, kamaa anna ‘aina-ssukhti
tubdi-l-masawiya
: If we see something positively, so it will be seen well. On the other way,
if we see something negatively, so it will be seen worst.
(Zainudin,2010:15)
Text in Novel
“Well,
kita
mengambil
itu,dong.”
nggak
English Translation
bisa
langsung “Well, we can not to take any decision
kesimpulan
seperti like that.” Raihan told again. This made
Raihan
kembali
angkat Adib feels angry because he is failed of
bicara. Hal ini membuat Adib jengkel prestige.
“Maybe
he
still
needs
karena kalah pamor. “Mungkin dia adaptation. If we want to introduce him,
masih butuh adaptasi. Kalau mau immediately, we don need talk behind
mengajak kenalan, ya langsung saja, of him like that.”
nggak usah ngomong dari belakang
53
54
seperti ini,kan” (page.21)
Bayu
tersenyum,
“Ya itu,
Mbok. Bayu smole, “Yes. Maybe from begin
Mungkin dari awal memang banyak there are many mistake and unsuitable
yang salah dan tidak sesuai dengan with her desires. While, he chooses the
keinginannya. Hanya saja, dia memilih time when Mbok Nah services meal.”
waktu yang bertepatan dengan saat
Mbok Nah menghidangkan makanan.
(page.37)
“Ah…udah
deh!”
Pipit
membuat “Over…!”
Pipit
made
a
hand
gerakan tangan mengusir para pria yang movement to get out some man that
tiba-tiba merubung mejanya “Lagi pula circles her desk. “Moreover, where you
dari mana kalian mendapatkan Koran get the newspaper? Real newspaper?
itu? Koran beneran? Jangan-jangan Maybe it is just provocation.”
cuma selebaran provokasi…”(page.46)
“Lihat,ya! Akan Pipit buktikan kalau “Ok. Be attention! Pipit will give you
berita yang kalian dengar itu salah. evidence if the news that you heard is
Narendra itu nggak masalah, kemarin wrong. Narendra is fine, yesterday we
saja kita nyaris kenalan…”(page.47)
want to know.”
5. Hard Work
Hard work means the key of success. Hard work always related
with good looking job or doing everything to get the target.
55
We often get many advices about hard work. The writer has
listened that we must continue our working until we get our goal. Because
this problem, it is important to always hard work consistently when we
want something. Magical moment can not be happened instantly. It needs
good efforts our selves with aim to change and develop better.
The big secret in life is that there is no big secret. Whatever your goal, you
can get there if you’re willing to work. -Oprah WinfreyMan Jadda Wajada
: you are who effort, so you will success? (Zainudin,2010:209)
Text in Novel
English Translation
Pria muda itu bernama Angga. Nama The Youngman is Angga. His namely,
lengkapnya Erlangga Pratama. Saat ini, Erlangga Pratama. Today, he was
ia menjabat sebagai deirektur muda young director in factory. He led two
peruasahaan garmen. Ia memimpin dua factories together. Angga was wellperusahaan
sekaligus.
Angga
juga known as author and observer of
dikenal sebagai penulis dan pengamat business. Many of his success that he
bisnis. Dengan seabrek kesusksesan got in early old, it is proper if he as
yang telah diraihnya di usia yang perfect boy. Unlucky, he has not
terbilang cukup muda, pantaslah jika ia married yet.
dianggap sebagai seorang yang nyaris
sempurna. Sayangnya, sampai saat ini
ia belum juga berumah tangga.(page.9)
56
Dan apa yang dicarinya di kamar What was found in the Rendra’s room
Rendra ini mungkin agak berkaitan. maybe still relates with the case.
Meskipun Pipit tidak yakin bahwa Although Pipit did not believe she will
keberadaan sesuatu yang dicarinya ini have gotten any evidence to show that
akan
membuktikan
Rendra
tidak Rendra is not guilty, but he knew it is
bersalah, tetapi dia tahu hal ini pasti useful! Sure!
berguna!pasti!(page.205)
6. Gentle
Gentle is shown by braving to admit something. Gentle occurs if he
has to get lost if he has to forgive from mistake and if he has to accept
each condition whether good or not. In the An-Naml : 33 said:
‫ﻗَﺎﻟُﻮا ﻧَﺤْﻦُ أُوﻟُﻮ ﻗُﻮﱠةٍ وَأُوﻟُﻮ ﺑَﺄْسٍ ﺷَﺪِﯾﺪٍ وَاﻷﻣْﺮُ إِﻟَﯿْﻚِ ﻓَﺎﻧْﻈُﺮِي‬
َ‫ﻣَﺎذَا ﺗَﺄْﻣُﺮِﯾﻦ‬
They said: "We are endued with strength, and given to vehement war: but
the command is with thee; so consider what thou wilt command”. (AnNaml:33)
Text in Novel
English Translation
“itu salahku. Sebenarnya mas Angga “It is my mistake. Truly Angga forbade
sudah melarang Rendra ikut ke Cibubur Rendra to follow at Cibubur when
57
dalam acara perkemahan di sekolahnya. camp activity in his school. but,
Tapi,
karena
aku
menemaninya,
bersikeras
maka
Mas
mau because I force to accompany him, so
Angga Angga let me to join. Then, in the
membiarkannya ikut. Lantas, malam nightmare, in that time the rain came, I
harinya, waktu itu hujan deras, aku sleept in camp. When I woke uo,
ketiduran di kemah. Ketika bangun, Rendra was lost. We sought and when
Rendra
sudah
tidak
ada.
Kami he found he was standing in the front of
mencarinya…dan ketika ditemukan, dia the warehouse door, saw a dead of body
sedang berdiri di depan pintu gudang, of his classmate.
mengawasi tubuh teman sekelasnya
yang sudah tewas.”(page.77)
Cinta
pertama
yang
tak
terbalas The first love which lost, is really
memang sungguh merana, mungkin languish, maybe this was the lover said
begitu yang dikatakan para punjangga to him. Adip never cared about that.
kepadanya. Adip tak peduli. Raihan Raihan is his friend, moreover he was
tetaplah temannya, bahkan rekan satu team pal. He never sacrificed his
timnya. Dia tidak akan mengorbankan basketball winning is just to his painful.
kemenangan
tim
basketnya
hanya It was not Raihan mistake because he
karena sakit hati. Toh, itu bukan salah was really stupid. Adip laughed cynical.
Raihan karena memang dirinya-lah Talk is easy, but how he must do to
yang terlalu bodoh. Huh! Adip tertawa Raihan and Pipit in next day.
sinis. Bicara memang mudah. Namun,
entah bagaimana dia harus bersikap
58
kepada
Raihan
maupun
Pipit
esok.(page.85)
7. Patient
The Qur'an defines patience as one of the paths that lead people
from darkness to light and as an attribute of morality that is superior to,
wide-ranging, and very different from the daily behavior of many people.
True patience is a moral characteristic displayed in the face of difficulty
and in every moment of life. Moreover, it requires the demonstration of
determination and consistency during times of ease and hardship, and is a
lifelong endeavor that never goes astray, even for a moment.
As-shobru kas-shabiri murrun fi madzaqatihi, lakin ‘awaqibuhu ahlaa
minal-‘asali.
: Patient is like result from a plant that sometimes is bitter to swallowed,
but the cause is sweet better than its honey. (Zainudin,2010:197)
Text in Novel
“Sekarang
kalau
ngamuk
English Translation
tambah “Today, if he amucks, we will broke his
menyobek-nyobek jadwal,ya?” Nada schedule? The tone of Mbok Nah
bicara
Mbok
sedih.”Padahal
Nah
kalau
terdengar hearded sad. “Where as if there is no
nggak
ada schedule, he will amuck again, what is
jadwal,ya tambah ngamuk,piye to jane Rendra want?”
karepe Mas Rendra kae?”
Bayu smole calm, “If he never do to
59
Bayu tersenyum tabah, “ kalau saja dia move his school like this…
tidak
perlu
pindah-pindah
sekolah
seperti ini,….(page.120)
“Kau ku pecat dari perusahaan,” kata “You get out from this factory,” said
Panji pelan.
“Tidak
saya
Panji slowly.
mengundurkan
diri. “No, I would like to drop out. Thanks
Terimakasih atas semua kebaikannya for all of your kindness.” He went out
selama ini.” Dan, dia melenggang from the palace elegantly.
anggun keluar dari istana itu.(page.161)
Bayu mengangkat bahu,”mau gimana Bayu raisen his shoulder, “what we
lagi? Bukan Rendra sendiri yang berhak must do again? Rendra who has a
memutuskan siapa yang akan menjadi decision to choose who will become his
terapisnya,” katanya seraya tersenyum therapist,” he said smile to Adib and
kepada Adib dan Raihan.(page.201)
Raihan.
8. Responsible
Responsible is having a capacity for moral decisions and therefore
accountable; capable of rational thought or action. Responsible is
something that we have to do to get the right. In Al-Araf (164) said:
ْ‫وَإِذْ ﻗَﺎﻟَﺖْ أُﻣَّﺔٌ ﻣِﻨْﮭُﻢْ ﻟِﻢَ ﺗَﻌِﻈُﻮنَ ﻗَﻮْﻣًﺎ اﻟﻠَّﮫُ ﻣُﮭْﻠِﻜُﮭُﻢْ أَوْ ﻣُﻌَﺬِّﺑُﮭُﻢ‬
َ‫ﻋَﺬَاﺑًﺎ ﺷَﺪِﯾﺪًا ﻗَﺎﻟُﻮا ﻣَﻌْﺬِرَةً إِﻟَﻰ رَﺑِّﻜُﻢْ وَﻟَﻌَﻠَّﮭُﻢْ ﯾَﺘَّﻘُﻮن‬
60
“When some of them said: "Why do ye preach to a people whom Allah will
destroy or visit with a terrible punishment?"- said the preachers:" To
discharge our duty to your Lord, and perchance they may fear Him." (AlAraf:164)
Text in Novel
English Translation
Begitu Panji pergi, seorang pria muda When Panji went, a younman that his
yang merupakan asistennya, datang assistant
came
to
near.”
Sir,
mendekat.”Pak,rapat dewan komisaris commissioner meeting is begun at 8
dimulai jam delapan.” Ujarnya.
“Undur
saja!
Kalau
tidak
a.m.!” He said. “Return back! If you
bisa, can not, or canceled! I must go to
batalkan! Aku harus ke Bandung Bandung now.” He said and took his
sekarang juga,” ucap Angga sambil bag and his coat.
mengambil tas dan jas hitam.(page10)
9. Self-confidence
Self-confidence can not be bought wherever. It has in heart and our
thinking. We must try to change our mind, try something new and lost our
frightening.
Idza shadaqal’azmu wadhahas-sabiilu
: If we have right willingness, so opened the way. (Zainudin,2010:39)
61
Text in Novel
English Translation
“Pradipta sang pengembara telah tiba!” “Pradipta the adventurer came!” yelled
seru seorang siswa berkulit sawo a student short hair and yellow skin
matang,
berambut
pendek
dengan stands.
lantang seraya berdiri.
“Together
with
the
loyal
follower!” shouted the fat short hair,
“Beserta pengikutnya yang setia!” sahut Sani. Namely is Muhammad Sania, but
si gempal berambut ikal, sani. Nama he will be angry if there is someone like
sebenarnya adalah Muhammad Sania, to call him with name like an actress.
tetapi dia akan langsung mengamuk
bila ada yang berani memanggilnya
dengan nama yang mirip dengan nama
salah satu selebriti tersebut.(page.15)
Dia bicara normal, cukup normal kalau He spoke normally, little stiff. ”You
tidak mau dibilang agak kaku. Kau know, my brother is so genius!” Ian is
tahu, adikku ini sangat jenius,lho!” Ian seen greatly proud.” Try to give
kelihatan sangat bangga. “Coba saja question about difficult formulas that
kau tanya rumus-rumus yang paling has you taught, he surely knows.”
sulit yang pernah kau pelajari, dia pasti
tahu.”(page.74)
10. Help each other
62
Help each other is a form as social human. We can’t live without
other people. Help each other makes life more than meaningful. In Aal-EImran (124) said:
َ‫إِذْ ﺗَﻘُﻮلُ ﻟِﻠْﻤُﺆْﻣِﻨِﯿﻦَ أَﻟَﻦْ ﯾَﻜْﻔِﯿَﻜُﻢْ أَنْ ﯾُﻤِﺪَّﻛُﻢْ رَﺑُّﻜُﻢْ ﺑِﺜَﻼﺛَﺔِ آﻻفٍ ﻣِﻦ‬
َ‫اﻟْﻤَﻼﺋِﻜَﺔِ ﻣُﻨْﺰَﻟِﯿﻦ‬
“Remember thou said to the Faithful: "Is it not enough for you that Allah
should help you with three thousand angels (Specially) sent down?” (AlImran:124)
Text in Novel
“Nak
Bayuuu…!!”
English Translation
panggilannnya “ Bayu!!” her calling with old voices.
dengan suara tuanya yang melengking. “Bayuuu!!help….,
Rendra
amucks
“ Nak Bayuuuu!!tolong…., Mas Rendra again!!” a man came by running from
ngamuk lagi…!!!”
first floor.
He was ready to attack
Seorang pria muda bermbut ikal datang Rendra’s body that is still throwing his
dengan berlari dari lantai satu. Dengan books. Both of them failed in the
sigap diterjangnya tubuh Renra yang carpet.
masih juga melempar-lempar buku.
Keduanya
jatuh
karpet.(page.34)
ke
lantai
63
“Heh!!” dalam sekejap Adib telah “Hah!!” for little minute Adib placed
menempatkan dirinya diantara Pipit dan his self between Pipit and Rendra.
Rendra. Raihan juga, tetapi ia masih di Raihan is too, but he was standing in
atas meja, di sisi mereka.(page.48)
the desk, beside of them.
“Tuh! Bukumu jatuh!” kata Pipit sambil “Your book is failed!” Pipit said while
membantu membuka tas ransel rendra, she helped Rendra open his bag, and
kemudian memasukkan buku yang then put the book that is given by
disodorkan si tukang kebun.(page.100)
gardener of school.
11. Solidarity
Solidarity means relation between two people or more than two
people that need each others to respect and help each others. In Qur’an
said:
َ‫ﯾَﺴْﺄَﻟُﻮﻧَﻚَ ﻋَﻦِ اﻷﻧْﻔَﺎلِ ﻗُﻞِ اﻷﻧْﻔَﺎلُ ﻟِﻠَّﮫِ وَاﻟﺮَّﺳُﻮلِ ﻓَﺎﺗَّﻘُﻮا اﻟﻠَّﮫ‬
َ‫وَأَﺻْﻠِﺤُﻮا ذَاتَ ﺑَﯿْﻨِﻜُﻢْ وَأَﻃِﯿﻌُﻮا اﻟﻠَّﮫَ وَرَﺳُﻮﻟَﮫُ إِنْ ﻛُﻨْﺘُﻢْ ﻣُﺆْﻣِﻨِﯿﻦ‬
“They ask thee concerning (things taken as) spoils of war. Say: "(such)
spoils are at the disposal of Allah and the Messenger: So fear Allah, and
keep straight the relations between yourselves: Obey Allah and His
Messenger, if ye do believe."(Al-Anfal:1)
64
Text in Novel
English Translation
Keduanya sedang berjongkok di pinggir Both of them sat in side of basket
lapangan basket, mengamati permainan square, saw the games their classmates.
basket teman-teman sekelas mereka. Ini This was different situation, because
sangat aneh, karena keduanya adalah both of them were member of basket
anggota tim basket di SMA Tunas team in SMA Tunas Bangsa. Today,
Bangsa. Saat ini, mereka hanya melihat they just see without have playing. “I
saja tanpa bermain.
get 3 day suspension. It is enough to
“Aku juga dapat jatah tiga hari. accompany you.” Raihan said again.
Lumayan
kan,
selama
tiga
hari Flat.
kutemani” kata Raihan lagi, datar.
(page.55)
12. Optimism
Optimism is an expectation to get the goodness. Optimism is new
spirit to do something while we sometimes face in bad condition. No a
reason to do pessimism because God gave us many happiness to be
enjoyed. Without do optimism, we get difficulties in all of challenge. We
have to understand that all of ourselves have many advantages to be
developed.
Billadullahi waasi’atun fadhaa-a Wa rizqu-llahi fid-dunya fasiih.
: God placing in the world is wide and God bliss is very wide.
(Zainudin,2010:22)
65
Text in Novel
English Translation
Adib terdiam. Seperti kata-kata Raihan, Adib was silent. Like Raihan said,
“besok kalau jadi pejabat.” Telah “Tomorrow
when
he
become
membuatnya bercita-cita untuk menjadi functionary.” It has made him to dream
pejabat
yang
ideal
menurut become ideal functionary based on his
perseptivitasnya. (page.59)
perspective.
Dan apa yang akan dicarinya di kamar And then what he was look for in
Rendra
ini
mungkin
masih
agak Rendra’s room maybe is still related.
berkaitan. Meskipun Pipit tidak yakin Although
bahwa
keberadaan
sesuatu
Pipit
did
not
believe
yang something that she’s finding will has
dicarinya ini akan membuktikan bahwa proven Rendra is not wrong, but she
Rendra tidak bersalah, tetapi dia tahu knew this is useful! Sure!
hal ini pasti berguna!pasti!(page.205)
13. Forgiveness
Forgiveness is good action or good attitude as faithful man where
Islam teaches to forgive sorry to each man.
ٍ‫وَﻣَﺎ أَﺻَﺎﺑَﻜُﻢْ ﻣِﻦْ ﻣُﺼِﯿﺒَﺔٍ ﻓَﺒِﻤَﺎ ﻛَﺴَﺒَﺖْ أَﯾْﺪِﯾﻜُﻢْ وَﯾَﻌْﻔُﻮ ﻋَﻦْ ﻛَﺜِﯿﺮ‬
Whatever misfortune happens for you, is because on the things your hands
have wrought, and for many (of them) He grants forgiveness. (Assyura:30)
66
Text in Novel
English Translation
Pria berambut ikal itu menunduk. The curl hair man bowed. “Forgive me
“Maaf..tidak
akan
terjadi
lagi,” sorry, it does not happen again.” Then
sesalnya. Kemudian, ia membimbing he helped Rendra to enter the room.
Rendra masuk.(page.84)
14. Regret
Regret is the returning of self at the truth and God. It means people
will aware from his mistake before and try to get up to get something new
for his self.
ٌ‫إِنَّ إِﺑْﺮَاھِﯿﻢَ ﻟَﺤَﻠِﯿﻢٌ أَوَّاهٌ ﻣُﻨِﯿﺐ‬
For Abraham was, without doubt, forbearing (of faults), compassionate,
and given to look to Allah. (Al-Huud:75)
Text in Novel
English Translation
Batinnya pilu. Ini hanya secuil adegan His hearth was sad. This is little of his
sandiwara dari skenario panjang yang scene from long drama scenario that he
telah disusunnya. Dia sudah melakukan arranged. He did all of meanness,
semua kekejian itu, menculik teman- kidnapped Rendra’s friends, tortured,
teman
Rendra,
menyiksa,
bahkan and moreover he killed 4 from Rendra’s
membunuh empat orang diantaranya. friends.
Semua
telah
dilakukannya
All
of
this
was
done
dengan intentionally because he never feel the
67
begitu saja karena dia belum pernah great pain than what he felt tonight,
merasakan sakit luar biasa dibanding when he was seeing the Rendra’s
apa yang ia rasakan malam ini, ketika weeping.
melihat air mata dari untaian Rendra.
(page.246)
Ian tidak mau memandang kedua orang Ian did not want to see the both of then.
itu. Hujan masih berderai keras diluar The rain was heavy there out, and his
sana, begitu juga di dalam hatinya. heart too. The rain extinguished the fire
Hujan telah meluruhkan api di dalam of his hearth. But, the pain made him
hatinya.
Namun,
rasa
membangunkannya
sakit
telah awake and aware because his man
,menyadarkannya manipulated is weak that as if gets the
betapa orang yang dimanipulasinya help…..
selama ini hanyalah orang lemah yang
memang
selayaknya
bantuan….(page.249)
mendapat
CHAPTER V
CLOSURE
A. Conclusion
In this chapter the writer wants to conclude her thesis based on the
problem statements which explains that in analysis of intrinsic elements in the
Deasylawaty Prasetyaningtyas’s novel, we can take some forceful characters
and characterication from Rendra, Ian or Raihan and Pipit as major characters,
while Angga, Raihan, Pradipta, Sani and Dewi as minor character. The theme
in Deasylawaty’s Hades Sang Autis novel tends humanistics where autis need
great attention from us as social man. Deasylawaty also presented good
exposition and good complication, great conflict in the novel that written a
condition where Rendra is played by Ian, his brother as Hades (The God of
Death) and interesting of resolution which told that finally Rendra died by
hitting at a car. Setting is told in some places, but some conflicts given in
SMA Tunas Bangsa where Rendra school and in Dago Bandung is Rendra’s
house. Styles that are used by Deaylawaty are simple, direct and
understandable language with some figure speechs. From the novel Hades
Sang Autis written by Deasylawaty we can know that the author is the third
person.
The writer also found some moral values as message from the
author Deasylawati Prasetyaningtyas consists of love and belonging, respect,
friendly and be polite, positive thinking, hard work, gentle, patient,
68
69
responsible, self-confidence, optimism, forgiveness, regret, help each other
and solidarity. All of them are moral aspect that needed to way of life as
society and human beings.
B. Suggestion
In this time, the writer would like to invite all of you to pay
attention of moral behavior especially for some unique people like autism
people because they need our help to way of life. Beside that, we can take
moral values from something that we like something that has around of us like
novel as one of the media to give explain about moral behavior. The writer
also gives advices to the readers who want to analysis this novel from
psychological aspects because in this novel told an autist who has unique
condition and characteristics different from others.
The writer is not perfect person. She asks for critics and
suggestions from the readers. She hopes it can be completed and improved in
other time, occasion and situation.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Eagleton Terry,1996. Literary theory : An Introduction,
Massachusetts: Blackwell publisher.
2nd Edition,
Escarpit Robert,1958.Sociologie De La Litterature, France: Universitaires de
France.
Kutha Ratna Nyoman Prof.Dr.2005, Sastra dan Cultural Studies: Representasi
Fiksi dan Fakta,Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Edithilia Gloria Simanjuntak, Developing Reading skill for EFL students,
Depdikbud, Jakarta.
Sidney.J.Rauch and Alfred B.Weinstenm Mastering Reading Skill, American
Book Company, USA.
Astuti Indri,2007, An Analysis of Moral Values of Habiburrahman El-Shirazy’s
Ayat-Ayat Cinta, unpublished. STAIN Salatiga.
Magnis-Suseno Franz, Model Pendekatan Etika ,Yogyakarta:Kanisius
Sternberg Robert J, encyclopedia of human intelligence first edition, New York:
Macmillan Publishing Company.
Widiastuti, 2008, The Moral Values In Novel Ketika Cinta Bertasbih,
Unpablished Thesis, STAIN Salatiga.
Asri Budiningsih C.Dr, Pembelajaran Moral Berpijak Pada Karakteristik Siswa
dan Budayanya,Jakarta:Rhinneka Cipta.
Barcalow Emmet, Moral Philosophy : Theory and Issue, USA: International
Thomson Publihing.
S.Benninga Jacques, Moral Character and Civic Education in the Elementary
School, New York and London: Teacher College, Colombia
University.
S.Praja
Juhaya,DR. 1997,Aliran-aliran Filsafat
Pengantar,Yayasan Piara:Bandung.
dan
Etika
Suatu
Hurlock B.Elizabeth,Child Development Sixt Edition,Singapore: Mc.Graw-Hill
Book Company.
i
ii
Departemen Agama Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikakan Islam Direktorat
Pendidikan Agama Islam pada Sekolah and Departemen Nasional
Direktorat Jenderal Manajemen Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah
Pertama.2009,Panduan Pembiasaan Akhlak Mulia Pendidikan Agama
Islam Sekolah menengah Pertama,Govermnment.
Kenedy, X.J,Literature: An Introduction to fiction, Poetry and Drama, second
edition.1983. Little Brown and Company.
Webster, Third New International Dictionary, Encyclopedia Britannica, Meriam
Webster Inc.
Mario,Klarer,1999,An introduction to Literary Studies,Routledge.
Astuti,
Tri Yuli.2008,Pola Interaksi Sosial
Autis,Unpablished. UMS Surakarta.
Anak
Autis
di
Sekolah
Prasetyaningtyas Deasylawati, Hades Sang Autis, Yogyakarta: Diva Press.
Akbar,Zainuddin.2010,Man Jadda Wajada,Jakarta:PT.Gramedia Pustaka Umum
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/literature
www.buzzle.com/articles/importance..
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/novel
En..wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral…
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/novel
en.wikipeia.org/wiki/values
www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autism
www.emedicinehealth.com/autism
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hades - 97k
[email protected]
www.deasylawati-p.blogspot.com
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morality - 124k
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_(personal_and_cultural)
iii
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LEMBAR KONSULTASI SKRIPSI
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Progdi: TBI
Judul Skripsi
: Imas Suraida NIM: 11306059
: The Analysis of Moral Values of Deasylawaty
Prasetyaningtyas’s Novel “Hades Sang Autis”
Pembimbing
: Hanung Triyoko,SS,M.Hum,M.Ed
Asisten Pembimbing :
No
1
Hari/Tanggal
24 Februari 2010
Isi Konsultasi Catatan Pembimbing
Proposal
Proposal to be chapter
I and continue until
chapter V
2
26 Mei 2010
Chapter I-V
Grammar,Chapter II,
Chapter IV
3
8 Juni 2010
Chapter I-V
Grammar,Chapter
II,Chapter IV
(Synopsis of the
novel)
4
21 Juni 2010
Chapter I-V
Grammar,Chapter II
(text in the
novel,character)
5
29 Juni 2010
Chapter V
Make simple
paragraph
6
30 Juni 2010
Chapter I-V
Acc
*)Lembar konsultasi ini harus dibawa setiap berkonsultasi dengan
Pembimbing/Asisten pembimbing
**)Coret yang tidak perlu
Asisten Pembimbing
_________________
NIP
Paraf
Salatiga, 30 Juni 2010
Pembimbing
Hanung Triyoko,SS,M.Hum,M.Ed
NIP.19730815199903 1 003
iv
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25
27
Seminar Pelatihan
dan
Pengembangan
Motivasi Diri
PDM Salatiga
Pelatihan
Instruktur Dasar
(LID) IMM
TPQ SD
Muhammadiyah
Plus Kota Salatiga
Komisariat Ibnu
Rusdy IMM
SK Pengesahan
Pimpinan Cabang
SK Pengesahan
Pimpinan Cabang
16 Februari 2009
Panitia
3
23-24 Januari 2010
Instruktur
5
11 Januari-sekarang
Guru TPQ
7
2007-2008
Sekretaris
8
2008-2009
Bendahara
7
2009-2010
Sekbid.
Kaderisasi
6
Jumlah
88
Salatiga, 12 Agustus 2010
Pembantu Ketua
Bidang Kemahasiswaan
H.Agus Waluyo, M.Ag
NIP. 1975 0211 2000 03 1 001
vii
BIODATA OF THE WRITER
NAME
: IMAS SURAIDA
NIM
: 11306059
DATE OF BIRTH
: BOYOLALI AT 27 JULY 1988
ADDRESS
: JL.PERKUTUT 01/II KLASEMAN MANGUNSARI
SALATIGA
EDUCATION
: SD BUGEL 01 SALATIGA
in 2000
SLTP N 3 SALATIGA
in 2003
SMA N 3 SALATIGA
in 2006