Gila Bend, Arizona - Arizona Geographic Alliance

Transcription

Gila Bend, Arizona - Arizona Geographic Alliance
Gila Bend, Arizona:
On the Road Somewhere Else
KEVIN ROMIG
7H[DV6WDWH8QLYHUVLW\6DQ0DUFRV
ABSTRACT
*LOD%HQG$UL]RQDLVDORFDOHDERXQGLQJZLWKGLFKRWRPLHVO\
LQJRQDZHOOGHÀQHGWUDQVSRUWDWLRQFRUULGRULWKDVUDUHO\EHHQD
GHVWLQDWLRQLWLVDFRPSOH[SODFHDVLWFRQWLQXDOO\UHGHÀQHVLWVHOI
WKURXJKWLPHGXHWRODUJHHFRQRPLFVZLQJVEXWLWVUHVLGHQWVH[WRO
DJURXQGHGYLVLRQRITXLFNÀ[HVWKHWRZQLVORFDWHGLQ0DULFRSD
&RXQW\ZKLFKLVUDSLGO\JURZLQJLQERWKSRSXODWLRQDQGHFRQRPLF
RXWSXW EXW WKH WRZQ KDV EHHQ SODJXHG E\ SRSXODWLRQ VWDJQD
WLRQDQGHFRQRPLFGHFOLQHLWLVVLWXDWHGLQWKHPLGVWRIWKHDULG
6RQRUDQ'HVHUW\HWE\UHJLRQDOVWDQGDUGVLWKDVSOHQW\RIZDWHU
:KLOHWKLVWRZQPD\VHHPWREHE\SDVVHGRQPDQ\GLIIHUHQWOHY
HOVZLWKLQDUHJLRQRILQWHQVHJURZWKWKLVLVDSODFHWKDWXVHVLWV
GHUHOLFWODQGVFDSHDQGSRRUHFRQRP\LQDVWUDWHJLFZD\*LOD%HQG
DFFHSWVWKHXQZDQWHGHFRQRPLFDFWLYLWLHVWKDWEROVWHUWKHJURZWK
LQ WKH UHJLRQ :KHWKHU LW LV SRZHU JHQHUDWLRQ KD]DUGRXV ZDVWH
UHF\FOLQJ RU D ODUJH SULVRQ SRSXODWLRQ *LOD %HQG·V EDFN\DUG LV
RSHQIRUEXVLQHVV
Introduction
ANGLO SETTLEMENT LQ WKH GHVHUW 6RXWKZHVW KDV EHHQ PDUNHG E\
QXPHURXV DWWHPSWV WR VRIWHQ WKH KDUVKQHVV RI D IRUHERGLQJ HQYL
URQPHQW )RU H[DPSOH WKH IHGHUDO JRYHUQPHQW KDV JUDQWHG ODUJH
VXPV IRU PDVVLYH UHFODPDWLRQ SURMHFWV JURXQGZDWHU SXPSLQJ DW
UDSLGUDWHVIHHGVWKLUVW\IDXFHWVDQGODZQVQRQQDWLYHSODQWVSHFLHV
FRPSHWHZLWKGHVHUWDGDSWHGÁRUDDQGFRROLQJWHFKQRORJ\KDVEHHQ
DSSOLHGWRPDNHOLIHLQWKHGHVHUWEHDUDEOH3URPRWLRQDOPDWHULDOV
SULQWHGWRDWWUDFWFDSLWDOJURZWKWRWKHGHVHUWVRXWKZHVWKLJKOLJKWWKH
PLOGZLQWHUVDQGQXPEHURIVXQQ\GD\V,Q$UL]RQDODUJHFHQWHUV
VXFKDV3KRHQL[DQG0HVDGHYHORSHGDJUHHQFRVPRSROLWDQIHHOLQJ
WKHGHVHUWSRVHVDVDVFHQLFEDFNGURSEXWRQHQRWRIWHQHQJDJHG
(OVHZKHUHLQ$UL]RQDVRPHVPDOOWRZQVJURZDQGGHYHORSZKHQ
WKH\DWWUDFWUHWLUHHVZKRÁHHFROGHUFOLPHVLQWKHQRUWKHUQ8QLWHG
33
‹E\WKH$VVRFLDWLRQRI3DFLÀF&RDVW*HRJUDSKHUV$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
03 Romig.indd 33
5/16/06 2:15:09 PM
34
$3&*<($5%22.‡9ROXPH‡
6WDWHVDQG&DQDGD&LWLHVVXFKDV3DUNHUDQG%XOOKHDG&LW\DWWUDFW
PLJUDQWV E\ H[WROOLQJ WKH YLUWXHV RI WKH GU\ ZDUP FOLPDWH RWKHU
SODFHVKRZHYHUFDQQRWUHFRXQWVXFKWDOHVRIJURZWK
*LOD%HQG$UL]RQDLVRQHVXFKSODFH7KURXJKWLPH*LOD%HQG
KDVWHHWHUHGRQWKHEULQNRIH[WLQFWLRQ\HWLWPDQDJHVWRVXUYLYHGH
VSLWHDVHYHUHFOLPDWHDQGDGHSUHVVHGORFDOHFRQRP\&RQWLQXLQJD
ORQJWUDGLWLRQLQFXOWXUDOJHRJUDSK\6DXHU0HLQLJ0DUVK
,GHVFULEHODQGVFDSHFKDQJHLQDQHJOHFWHGSODFHDVPDOOWRZQ
E\SDVVHGDQGQHDUO\IRUJRWWHQ*LOD%HQGKDVDKLVWRU\RIPLQLERRPV
DQGEXVWVDVWDUNERQHGU\SK\VLFDOODQGVFDSHDQGDSRSXODWLRQ
ZKR KDYH HPSOR\HG D FRSLQJ VWUDWHJ\ IRU WKH WRXJK OLIH KHUH E\
WUDQVIRUPLQJHFRQRPLFLQVHFXULW\LQWRVRFLDOVWDELOLW\7KLVWKHQLV
WKHVWRU\RI*LOD%HQG$UL]RQDRQWKHURDGVRPHZKHUHHOVH
7KHEDUUHQSK\VLFDOVHWWLQJRI*LOD%HQGLPSDUWVDQDXVWHUHIHHO
LQJ7KHWRZQ·VQDPHGHULYHVIURPWKHQHDUE\JUHDWEHQGRIWKH*LOD
5LYHUDVLWVGU\EHGERZVDURXQGODUJHJUDQLWLFRXWFURSSLQJVULVLQJ
DERYHEDVDOWÁDWVWKDWDOOXGHWRWKHUHJLRQV·YROFDQLFSDVW)LJXUH
:KLOH*LOD%HQGFXUUHQWO\LVQRWDQDFWLYHYROFDQLFUHJLRQFRPSOHWH
ZLWKODYDÁRZVRQFHUWDLQGD\VLQ-XO\WKHSDYHPHQWRIWKLVGHVHUW
ORFDOHFDQEOLVWHUWKHUXEEHURQWKHVROHVRIVKRHVDOPRVWDVTXLFNO\
DVDIUHVKÁRZRQWKHVORSHRI.LODXHD2QDYHUDJHWHPSHUDWXUHV
UHDFKž)GD\VSHU\HDU.XSHO6XPPHUPRQVRRQVWRUPV
DQGRFFDVLRQDOZLQWHUHYHQWVSURYLGHRQO\DQDYHUDJHRILQFKHV
RIUDLQIDOOD\HDU*LOD%HQGWRWKHFDVXDO
SDVVHUE\ LV D SODFH WKDW VKRXOG QRW H[LVW
,WKDVVHHPLQJO\QRXUEDQDPHQLW\\HW
OLYHKHUH6LQFHWKHVZKHQ
Bullhead
Flagstaff
,QWHUVWDWH E\SDVVHG *LOD %HQG WKH City
GRZQWRZQURDGVLGHVWULSKDVEHHQOHIW
ARIZONA
WRZLWKHUDQGIDGHLQWKHKRWVXQ7KH
WRZQLVUHPRWHWKHUHKDYHEHHQWLPHVRI
10 Phoenix
QRHFRQRPLFRSSRUWXQLW\DQGWKHVXP
Grande
Casa
la
Yuma G i
PHUVDUHLQWHQVHO\EUXWDO\HWSHRSOH
R i ve r
8
Gila Tucson
Ajo
KDYHVWD\HG
Bend
10
3HRSOHIRUJHSODFHLGHQWLW\E\LQ
WHUDFWLQJZLWKWKHLUORFDOHQYLURQPHQW
\HWWKDWSODFHLGHQWLW\FRQWLQXDOO\UH )LJXUH *LOD %HQG DQG LWV
ÁHFWVDQGLVUHPROGHGWKURXJKWLPHE\ HQYLURQV
03 Romig.indd 34
5/16/06 2:15:09 PM
ROMIG*LOD%HQG$UL]RQD2QWKH5RDG6RPHZKHUH(OVH
ORFDOUHVLGHQWVDVSHRSOHFRPHWRXQGHUVWDQGSODFHVWKURXJKH[SHUL
HQFH3HRSOHHQGRZSODFHZLWKWKHLURZQYDOXHV7XDQEXWWKH
PDQ\SHRSOHZKRVWRSKHUHDVDEUHDNLQJSRLQWRQWKHLUZD\VRPH
ZKHUHHOVHUDUHO\H[SHULHQFHWKHUHVLGHQWVWKDWHQJHQGHUDGHHSHU
PHDQLQJWR*LOD%HQG7KLVVPDOOWRZQDORQJWKHURDGVRPHZKHUH
HOVHGRHVKDYHDVWRU\DQLQWHUHVWLQJVWRU\LQXQGHUVWDQGLQJKRZD
WRZQGHDOVZLWKDGYHUVLW\ERWKHFRQRPLFDQGFOLPDWRORJLF,WLVD
VWRU\RIERRPDQGEXVWQRWGLUHFWO\UHODWHGWRPLQLQJJROGFRSSHURU
FRDOEXWWKHERRPVDQGEXVWVLQYROYHGZLWKHYROYLQJWUDQVSRUWDWLRQ
WHFKQRORJ\DQGORFDWLRQLQDUDSLGO\JURZLQJUHJLRQ,WLVDQRGHDW
WKHERWWRPRIDUHJLRQDOXUEDQKLHUDUFK\VLPSO\ZDLWLQJIRULWVWLPH
%XWWKHTXHVWLRQSHUVLVWVLVD3KRHQL[PHWURDUHDWKDWLQFOXGHV*LOD
%HQGDVDEHGURRPFRPPXQLW\D´JRRGWKLQJµIRU*LOD%HQG"
7KLVFDVHVWXG\HOXFLGDWHVWKHSODFHRI*LOD%HQG7RSHUIRUP
WKLV,HPSOR\WKUHHWHFKQLTXHVDUFKLYDOUHVHDUFKODQGVFDSHLQWHU
SUHWDWLRQ DQG VHPLVWUXFWXUHG SHUVRQDO LQWHUYLHZV 7KH DUFKLYDO
UHVHDUFKUHYHDOVYLWDOGHWDLOVDERXWWKHWRZQ·VSDVWDQGPDQ\RIWKH
QHZVSDSHUDUWLFOHVVSRUDGLFDOO\FDSWXUHWKHSODFHLQSHULORXVWLPHV
,DOVRLQWHUSUHWODQGVFDSHFKDQJHRYHUWLPH0DQ\RI*LOD%HQG·V
ROGHU EXLOGLQJV VWDQG LQ SODFH IDGLQJ FUDFNLQJ DQG FUXPEOLQJ
7KHODQGVFDSHLVULGGOHGZLWKGHUHOLFWLRQVLJQLI\LQJWKHVZLQJVRI
FDSLWDOLVWSURGXFWLRQWKDWKDYHSURGXFHGFKDQJH/DVW,LQWHUYLHZHG
VHYHQUHVLGHQWVWRXQFRYHUWKHORFDOVHQVHRISODFHDQGWRJURXQG
WKHUHVHDUFKZLWKWKHUHDOLW\RIGDLO\OLIHLQWKHWRZQ7KHLQWHUYLHZV
VRPHWLPHV UDQJHG IDU IURP WKH VHPLVWUXFWXUHG VHW RI TXHVWLRQV
DQGUHVLGHQWVLQWKHVHPRPHQWVRIIUHHWKRXJKWDQGFRQYHUVDWLRQ
UHYHDOHGLQQHUWKRXJKWVDQGIHHOLQJVDERXWWKHSDVWSUHVHQWDQG
IXWXUHRI*LOD%HQG
7KLV SDSHU ZLOO EH GLYLGHG LQWR WZR VHFWLRQV 7KH ÀUVW SDUW
H[SODLQVWKHKLVWRULFDOJHRJUDSK\RI*LOD%HQG7KHVHFRQGSDUWH[
SODLQVKRZ*LOD%HQGLVFXUUHQWO\DWWUDFWLQJSHRSOHDQGMREVWRWKH
WRZQE\OXULQJXQDWWUDFWLYHHFRQRPLFDFWLYLW\8VLQJWKLVSHUVSHFWLYH
*LOD%HQGLVYLHZHGDVDSHULSKHUDOSODFHLQWKH6RXWKZHVWDVLWLV
ZLOOLQJWRDFFHSWHQYLURQPHQWDODQGVRFLDOULVNVWRNHHSWKHWRZQ
YLDEOH7RNQRZDSODFHLVDOVRWRNQRZWKHSDVW7XDQ7KH
IROORZLQJVHFWLRQKLJKOLJKWVWKHPLQLERRPVDQGEXVWVDQGH[SODLQV
KRZWKHWRZQKDVXVHGLWVORFDWLRQDORQJDWUDQVSRUWDWLRQQHWZRUN
WRUHGHÀQHLWVHOIEDVHGRQWHFKQRORJLFDODGYDQFHV
03 Romig.indd 35
5/16/06 2:15:09 PM
36
$3&*<($5%22.‡9ROXPH‡
The Legacy of Boom and Bust
The People Here Before
$UFKHRORJLFDOHYLGHQFHVXSSRUWVWKHLGHDWKDW1DWLYHLQKDELW
DQWVOLYHGDQGIDUPHGLQWKLVDUHDEHWZHHQDQG$'7ZR
VHSDUDWHVLWHV/D)RUWDOH]DDQG*DWOLQSURYLGHIDGHGJOLPSVHVLQWR
WKH+RKRNDPFLYLOL]DWLRQ7KH+RKRNDPEXLOWODUJHLUULJDWLRQFDQDOV
QHDUO\PLOHVORQJIHHWZLGHDQGIHHWGHHS7KH*DWOLQVLWH
LQFOXGHVDSODWIRUPPRXQGDQGEDOOFRXUWVHYLGHQFHWKDWWKLVORFD
WLRQZDVDFHUHPRQLDOFHQWHU6HYHUDOWKHRULHVDUHHVSRXVHGUHJDUGLQJ
WKHVXGGHQHQGRIWKH+RKRNDPFLYLOL]DWLRQEXWPRVWEHOLHYHWKDW
SURORQJHGGURXJKWEURXJKWSHULODQGGHDWKWRWKHVHFRPPXQLWLHV
&RPHDX[7KH+RKRNDPVLWHVJLYHDQHHULHIHHOLQJWR*LOD
%HQGVHUYLQJDVDUHPLQGHURIDSUHYLRXVWLPHZKHQWKLVORFDOHFRXOG
QRW VXSSRUW D SRSXODWLRQ 0DQ\ SURJUHVVLYH FRPPXQLWLHV PLJKW
UHDOL]HWKHSRWHQWLDOIRUHFRQRPLFJURZWKUHODWHGWRKLVWRULFWRXULVP
7KH*DWOLQVLWHWKRXJKUHPDLQVEDNLQJLQWKHVXQIHQFHGRIIDQG
SHULSKHUDOWRWKHSHRSOHRI*LOD%HQG
The Gila Trail
7R FRQQHFW WKH 6RXWKZHVW DQG &DOLIRUQLD ZLWK WKH UHVW RI WKH
8QLWHG6WDWHVDWUDQVSRUWDWLRQQHWZRUNSURYHGDEVROXWHO\HVVHQWLDO
)LQGLQJ ORFDWLRQV RI VXFK WUDQVSRUWDWLRQ URXWHV ZDV QRW HDV\ DV
PDNLQJ\RXUZD\DFURVVWKHGHVHUWFDQEHSHULORXV:KHQDURXWH
ZDVIRXQGWKDWFRXOGEHFODVVLÀHGDVVRPHZKDWKRVSLWDEOHLWEH
FDPHYLWDOWRWUDQVFRXQWU\WUDQVSRUW2QHRIWKHVHVXFFHVVIXOURXWHV
ZDVWKH*LOD7UDLOZKLFKIROORZHGWKHVRXWKEDQNRIWKH*LOD5LYHU
DFURVVFHQWUDO$UL]RQD8SVWUHDPIURP*LOD%HQGWKHULYHUPDNHVD
ZLGHVLQXRXVWXUQWRWKHQRUWKVRWKHWUDLOZDVIRUJHGYLDDPLOH
RYHUODQGFXWRIIPHHWLQJXSZLWKWKHULYHUDJDLQDWWKHJUHDWEHQGRI
WKH*LOD:KHUHWKH*LOD5LYHUPDGHWKLVVKDUSEHQGDVPDOOJURXS
RI7RKRQR2·RGKDPUHVLGHGLQDFRPPXQLW\NQRZQDV8SDUVR\WDV
VXUURXQGHGE\LUULJDWHGFURSODQG7KLVFRPPXQLW\ZDVLPSRUWDQW
DVDQRDVLVLQWKHPLGVWRIWKHEDUUHQGHVHUWIRUWUDYHOHUVZKRIHDUHG
$SDFKHVWRWKHHDVWDQG<DYDSDLWRWKHZHVW$VWKH*LOD7UDLOEHFDPH
PRUHSRSXODUWKH%XWWHUÀHOG6WDJH&RPSDQ\EHJDQVHUYLFHDORQJ
WKHWUDLOLQ$VWDJHVWRSGHYHORSHGDW*LOD5DQFKORFDWHGMXVW
HDVWRI8SDUVR\WDV:LWKWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIWKHVWDJHVWRSDVPDOO
03 Romig.indd 36
5/16/06 2:15:09 PM
ROMIG*LOD%HQG$UL]RQD2QWKH5RDG6RPHZKHUH(OVH
$QJORWRZQEHJDQWRHPHUJHDQG*LOD%HQGEHJDQLWVWHQXUHDVD
VWRSDORQJWKHZD\VRPHZKHUHHOVH
The Railroad Blows in
2YHU WKH QH[W \HDUV OLWWOH JURZWK WRRN SODFHLQ WKH 8QLWHG
6WDWHVDQGDOVRQRWKLQJPXFKGHYHORSHGLQDQGDURXQG*LOD%HQG
,QWKH6RXWKHUQ3DFLÀF5DLOURDGXVLQJWKHVDPHURXWHDVWKH
ZHOOHVWDEOLVKHG*LOD7UDLOFXWDFURVVWKHGHVHUWOLQNLQJVRXWKHUQ
&DOLIRUQLDZLWKSODFHVHDVW7RDYRLGÁRRGZDWHUVIURPWKH*LOD5LYHU
WKHUDLOURDGE\SDVVHGWKHWRZQDQGUDQPLOHVVRXWKRIWKHULYHU
EDQN,QUHDFWLRQWKHWRZQRI*LOD%HQGPRYHGVRXWKWREHFORVHUWR
WKHUDLOURDGVLQFHWKLVZRXOGSURYLGHERWKHPSOR\PHQWDQGEXVLQHVV
RSSRUWXQLWLHVLQWKHWRZQ*LOD%HQG·VORZHOHYDWLRQSURYHGYDOXDEOH
DVHQJLQHVFRXOGWDNHRQVWHDP$VZLWFKLQJ\DUGGHYHORSHGDQG*LOD
%HQGJUHZDVDUDLOWRZQ,WVORFDWLRQPLGZD\EHWZHHQ7XFVRQDQG
<XPDZDVVWUDWHJLFIRUKRXVLQJUDLOURDGIDFLOLWLHVDQGWKH6RXWKHUQ
3DFLÀFGHVLJQDWHG*LOD%HQGDVD´FKDQJHRYHUµVWDWLRQIRUFUHZV
DQGHTXLSPHQW.XSHO%HFDXVHWKH6RXWKHUQ3DFLÀFFKDQJHG
FUHZV DW *LOD %HQG UHVWDXUDQWV DQG PRWHOV GHYHORSHG WR VHUYH
UDLOURDGHPSOR\HHV7KHUDLOURDGUHODWHGDFWLYLWLHVVSXUUHGPRGHVW
JURZWKLQWKHWRZQ%HWZHHQDQG*LOD%HQG·VSRSXODWLRQ
MXPSHGIURPWR
$ORQJVLGHWKH6RXWKHUQ3DFLÀFWKH7XFVRQ&RUQHOLDDQG*LOD
%HQG5DLOURDGEHJDQRSHUDWLQJLQWRFRQQHFWWKHFRSSHUPLQHV
LQ$MRZLWKVPHOWHUVORFDWHGLQ7XFVRQ'XULQJWKLVSHULRGWKH1HZ
&RUQHOLDPLQHLQ$MRZDVRQHRIWKHPRUHSURGXFWLYHFRSSHUSLWVLQ
WKHVWDWH7KHUDLOOLQHZDVQHYHUH[WHQGHGEH\RQG*LOD%HQGKRZ
HYHUDQGWKHIUHLJKWKDGWRVZLWFKIURPWKLVURDGWRWKH6RXWKHUQ
3DFLÀFOLQHWRWUDYHOHDVW$VWKHYDOXHRIFRSSHURUHUHPDLQHGKLJK
RUHZDVVKLSSHGWKURXJK*LOD%HQGRQLWVZD\WREHSURFHVVHG6LQFH
WKHUDLOURDGZDVWKHHFRQRPLFFHQWHURIWKHWRZQLWGHYHORSHGDVWKH
FXOWXUDODQGVRFLDOFHQWHUDVZHOO%XVLQHVVHVOLQHG0XUSK\$YHQXH
IDFLQJWKHUDLOURDGDQGDORFDWLRQFORVHWRWKHGHSRWZDVLGHDO7KH
WRZQFRQWLQXHGWRJURZEXWWKHUDLOURDGZRXOGQHYHUWUXO\UHFRYHU
DIWHU WKH GHSUHVVLRQ .XSHO DQG WKH WRZQ QHHGHG WR ORRN
HOVHZKHUHWRVXVWDLQLWVJURZWK
03 Romig.indd 37
5/16/06 2:15:10 PM
$3&*<($5%22.‡9ROXPH‡
The Automobile Drives Through Gila Bend
:LWKWKHVXFFHVVRIWKHUDLOURDG*LOD%HQGGHYHORSHGDUHSXWD
WLRQ DV D FURVVURDG ORFDWLRQ LQ WKH 6RXWKZHVW 7KH WRZQ ORFDWHG
ZLWKLQPLOHVRIWKHVWDWHFDSLWDODW3KRHQL[ZDVFRQQHFWHGZLWK
/RV$QJHOHV6DQ'LHJRDQG7XFVRQWKURXJKWKH6RXWKHUQ3DFLÀF
5DLOURDG7ZRPDMRUURDGZD\V86DQG$=DOVRGHVFHQGHGRQ
WKHWRZQ86NQRZQDVWKH´%URDGZD\RI$PHULFDµFRQQHFWHG
3KRHQL[DQG7XFVRQDQGSRLQWVHDVWZLWKVRXWKHUQ&DOLIRUQLDDQG
$= IROORZHG WKH PLOH FXWRII RI WKH *LOD 7UDLO KHDGLQJ HDVW
WRZDUG&DVD*UDQGH)LQOH\$VSRSXODWLRQLQFUHDVHGLQWKH
6RXWKZHVW8QLWHG6WDWHVDQGDXWRPRELOHWUDYHODFFHOHUDWHGLQ3RVW
ZDU$PHULFD PRUH PRWRULVWV PDGH WKHLU ZD\ WKURXJK *LOD %HQG
RQWKHLUZD\VRPHZKHUHHOVH:LWKPRUHPRWRULVWVFRPLQJWKURXJK
WRZQDVHUYLFHRULHQWHGURDGVLGHVWULSODQGVFDSHGHYHORSHGDORQJ
WKHQHZPDLQVWUHHW3LPD$YHQXH*URZWKLQDXWRVHUYLFHVURVHDV
UDLOWUDIÀFZDQHG%\PRWHOVUHVWDXUDQWVDQGÀOOLQJ
VWDWLRQVOLQHG3LPD$YHQXHWRIXOÀOOWKHQHHGVRIPRWRULVWV6KDIIHU
%HLQJORFDWHGLQVXFKDKDUVKFOLPDWLF]RQHPRWRULVWVZRXOG
RIWHQEHLQQHHGRIDXWRPRWLYHVHUYLFHVDQGUHSDLU6LQFHWKHKHDWWRRN
VXFKDWROORQFRROLQJV\VWHPV*LOD%HQGGHYHORSHGWKHQLFNQDPH
´)DQ%HOW&DSLWDORIWKH:RUOGµ:KHWKHUPRWRULVWVZHUHVWRSSLQJ
IRUDELWHWRHDWDWDQNRIJDVROLQHDPRWHOURRPRUDUHSODFHPHQW
IDQEHOW*LOD%HQGVHUYHGWKHQHHGVRISHRSOHFURVVLQJWKHGHVHUW
DQGWKHWRZQFRQWLQXHGWRVHHDQHFRQRPLFERRP
7KHODQGVFDSHRI*LOD%HQGVWLOOUHÁHFWVWKLVVWULSRULHQWHGFKDUDF
WHUGHYHORSHGGXULQJWKHDXWRPRELOHERRP0RVWRIWKHJDVVWDWLRQV
DQGPRWHOVDUHSODFHOHVVVLPLODULQDSSHDUDQFHWRRWKHUIUDQFKLVHV
WKURXJKRXWWKHFRXQWU\7RFDWFKWKHH\HRIDZHDU\WUDYHOHUDÁ\LQJ
VDXFHUKRYHUVRYHU7KH6SDFH$JH/RGJH%XLOWLQWKHWRZQ·VDSH[
RI URDGVLGH GHYHORSPHQW LQ WKLV PRWHO FDSWXUHV WKH DXVWHUH
FKDUDFWHURI*LOD%HQGDQGLWVVXUURXQGLQJODQGVFDSH)LJXUH7KH
ORGJHEXLOWWRUHVHPEOHDQRWKHUPRWHOWKHRSHUDWRURZQHGLQ2UDQJH
&RXQW\&DOLIRUQLDDQGGHVLJQHGDURXQGDVSDFHWKHPHWRPDWFKWKH
OXQDUORRNLQJGHVHUWSODLQUHÁHFWHG$PHULFD·VHSKHPHUDOIDVFLQDWLRQ
ZLWKVSDFHH[SORUDWLRQDQGLVDWUXHORFDOODQGPDUN7KHGLVWLQF
WLYHIXWXULVWLFGFRULQFOXGHVDSRROLQWKHVKDSHRIDOXQDUODQGLQJ
PRGXOHWKHSRROSXPSHQFDVHGE\DJHRGHVLFGRPHEULJKWVSDUNO\
SDLQWWKURXJKRXWWKHSUHPLVHVDQGVKLQ\VLOYHU\PHWDORYHUKDQJV
03 Romig.indd 38
5/16/06 2:15:10 PM
ROMIG*LOD%HQG$UL]RQD2QWKH5RDG6RPHZKHUH(OVH
DGRUQLQJ WKH JXHVW
URRP FRUULGRUV 7KH
ORGJHLVDYLVXDOV\PERO
WUDYHOHUV LGHQWLI\ ZLWK
WKH WRZQ WKRXJK WKH
ORFDOV ÀQG LW XQDPXV
LQJ
$ O R Q J Z L W K W K H
VHUYLFHRULHQWHG EXVL
QHVVHV WKH *LOD %HQG
)LJXUH7KH6SDFH$JH/RGJHDGGVWRWKHDXVWHUH
ODQGVFDSH SDVVHUVE\ DSSUHFLDWH DORQJ WKH URDG *XQQHU\ 5DQJH ODWHU
VRPHZKHUHHOVH3KRWRJUDSKE\DXWKRU6HSWHPEHU UHQDPHG *ROGZDWHU
*XQQHU\ 5DQJH VRXWK
RI WRZQ VDZ D VWHDG\
ULVH LQ VWDWLRQHG VHUYLFHSHUVRQV DV &ROG :DU WHQVLRQV HVFDODWHG
'XULQJ WKH 6HFRQG :RUOG :DU WKH IHGHUDO JRYHUQPHQW UHVHUYHG
PRUHWKDQWZRPLOOLRQDFUHVVRXWKRIWRZQIRUSLORWWDUJHWSUDFWLFH
.XSHO$ORFDOIDFWRU\PDQXIDFWXUHGGRRUVIRUWKHJURZLQJ
SRSXODWLRQRIWKH6RXWKZHVW7KHSULFHRIFRSSHURUHFRQWLQXHGWR
ULVHDQGWKHUDLOURDGVNHSWEXV\3RSXODWLRQÀJXUHVFRUURERUDWHDQ
H[SDQGLQJHFRQRP\DVWKHWRZQJUHZIURPLQWRLQ
7KHPL[RIHPSOR\PHQWLQVHUYLFHVDJULFXOWXUHDQGGHIHQVH
UHODWHG DFWLYLWLHV SURYLGHG HFRQRPLF VWDELOLW\ IRU *LOD %HQG 7KLV
HFRQRPLFVXFFHVVKRZHYHUSURYHGWREHVKRUWOLYHG
A Landscape of Dereliction
7KHURDGVLGHVWULSGHYHORSPHQWWKDWJUHZGXULQJWKHVDQG
VPDVNHGHFRQRPLFSUREOHPVWKDWDWWKHVDPHWLPHFULSSOHGWKH
UDLOURDGLQJVHFWRU'XULQJWKHSHULRGZKHQ$PHULFDQ·VGLVSOD\HG
DQ DUURJDQW ´WKURZDZD\µ PHQWDOLW\ DERXW WKHLU EXLOW ODQGVFDSHV
DGHUHOLFWODQGVFDSHGHYHORSHGKHUH-DNOHDQG:LOVRQ7KH
FRQYHUVLRQWRGLHVHOSRZHUORFRPRWLYHVUHGXFHGWKHQHHGIRUVXSSO\
VWRSVLQ*LOD%HQGDQGWKH6RXWKHUQ3DFLÀFDEDQGRQHGWKHZDWHUDQG
RLOWDQNVWKHGHSRWDQGWKHVKHGVLQWRZQ0DQ\RIWKHVWUXFWXUHV
ZHUH PRYHG VRPH EXUQHG GRZQ EXW IRU PDQ\ \HDUV WKH ZDWHU
WRZHUZDVOHIWWRZHDWKHULQWKHH[WUHPHKHDW,QWKH6RXWKHUQ
3DFLÀFGLVFRQWLQXHGFKDQJLQJFUHZVLQ*LOD%HQGHOLPLQDWLQJQHDUO\
ORFDOMREV0RVWRIWKHEXVLQHVVHVWKDWRQFHOLQHG0XUSK\$YHQXH
03 Romig.indd 39
5/16/06 2:15:10 PM
$3&*<($5%22.‡9ROXPH‡
40
KDGEXUQHGRUEHHQGLVPDQWOHG7KHWHFKQRORJLFDODGYDQFHVLQUDLO
URDGLQJZHUHQRWWKHRQO\ZD\WLPHVLGHVWHSSHG*LOD%HQG
6LQFH WKH WLPH RI :HVWZDUG ([SDQVLRQ LQ WKH 8QLWHG 6WDWHV
WUDYHOHUV KDYH ORRNHG WR TXLFNO\ FURVV WKH HPSW\ LQWHULRU RU WKH
GHVHUW UHJLRQ ,QWHUVWDWH RSHQHG LQ E\SDVVLQJ WKH WRZQ
)LJXUH0RWRULVWVWUDYHOLQJDFURVVWKHVDPHULJKWRIZD\DVWKH
*LOD 7UDLO QR ORQJHU KDG WR SURFHHG VORZO\ GRZQ 3LPD$YHQXH
DQG YLHZ WKH DUUD\ RI ORFDO EXVLQHVVHV WKH\ FRXOG VSHHG DORQJ
,QWHUVWDWH KDUGO\ QRWLFLQJ WKH DVVHPEODJH RI VPDOO EXLOGLQJV WR
WKHQRUWK7KHRQFHWKULYLQJWRZQZDVE\SDVVHGDQGGHUHOLFWLRQ
VHWLQ7KHWRZQZDVIRUWXQDWHHQRXJKWRJDUQHUWZRH[LWVRIIWKH
LQWHUVWDWHRQWKHVRXWKHDVWDQGVRXWKZHVWVLGHRIWRZQEXWWKHPDV
VLYHUHGXFWLRQLQWKURXJKWUDIÀFVLJQDOHGPRUHGLIÀFXOWLHVWRFRPH
$XWRPRWLYH DGYDQFHV LQ FRROLQJ V\VWHPV IXHO HFRQRP\ DQG HI
To Phoenix
Gila Bend
I n d i a n R e s e r va t i o n
RIVER
Indian Rd.
80
Gatlin
Site
Old
U.S
.
Point
of
Rocks
Gila Blvd.
Pima
A
Gila Space Age
Bend Lodge
St.
SOUT
Bu
tte
8
P AC IF
IC
To
R R Maricopa
D
el
O
G I N, C
LA
O
BE RNE
ND
L
RR IA &
85
2 km
84
8
To Tucson
To Ajo, Mexico
TU
CS
2 mi
il
0
N
a
Tr
BEN
GILA
0
rfi
HER
d
To Yuma
Gila Bend
Mun. Airport
pa Rd.
Marico
N
San Lucy
Village
85
L
Teco Power
Plant
Watermelon Rd.
A
A
C
IL
Stout Rd.
G
David Deis • CSUN Geography
)LJXUH0DSRI*LOD%HQG$UL]RQD
03 Romig.indd 40
5/16/06 2:15:11 PM
ROMIG*LOD%HQG$UL]RQD2QWKH5RDG6RPHZKHUH(OVH
ILFLHQF\ DQG VSHHG RI
WUDYHOUHGXFHGWKHQHHG
IRUPRWRULVWVWRUHO\RQ
*LOD %HQG DV D VHUYLFH
FHQWHU)LJXUH
0 X F K I R U W L W X G H
ZRXOG EH UHTXLUHG IRU
DVPDOOWRZQWRZHDWK
HU ERWK WKH ORVV RI WKH
UDLOURDG DQG D PDVVLYH )LJXUH7KHURDGVLGHVWULSODQGVFDSHDORQJ3LPD
GHFOLQH LQ DXWR WUDIÀF $YHQXHLQGRZQWRZQ*LOD%HQG3KRWRJUDSKE\
$ORQJ ZLWK WKHVH VHW DXWKRU1RYHPEHU
EDFNV WKH GRRU IDFWRU\
FORVHGDORFDOIHHGORWFHDVHGRSHUDWLRQVDQGRQHRIWKHODUJHDJUL
FXOWXUDOUDQFKHVFXWLWVZRUNIRUFHE\PRUHWKDQSHUFHQW&KDUQRFN
:KLOHWKHUHVWRI0DULFRSD&RXQW\DQG$UL]RQDJUHZ*LOD
%HQGGLGQRW%\WKHSRSXODWLRQKDGIDOOHQWR'XULQJWKH
VWKHUHZDVQRGUXJVWRUHLQWRZQQRPRYLHWKHDWHUERZOLQJ
DOOH\QRUJROIFRXUVH6RPHIDFDGHVVWLOOUHPDLQHGRIDWLPHJRQH
E\ EXW PDQ\ ORWV ZHQW YDFDQW DQG EXLOGLQJV ZHUH ERDUGHG XS
$QRWKHULVVXHDURVHDVWKHWRZQ·VZDWHUVXSSO\GXULQJWKHVXPPHU
ZDVEUDFNLVKDQGFDPHRXWRIWKHVSLJRWDWž)6LJQVZHUHSODFHG
LQWKHIHZUHPDLQLQJPRWHOURRPVZDUQLQJJXHVWVWKDWKRWZDWHU
SRXUHGIURPWKHFROGWDS$QHZZHOOZDVGXJWRVROYHWKHZDWHU
SUREOHPVDQGWKHWRZQVWXPEOHGRQEXWDVDVKHOORILWVIRUPHUVHOI
%\WKHWRZQKDGÀYHVWUXJJOLQJPRWHOVÀYHJDVVWDWLRQVDQG
QLQHUHVWDXUDQWV7KHVHEXVLQHVVHVZHUHFKDLQHVWDEOLVKPHQWVDQG
WKHIHZDYDLODEOHSRVLWLRQVZHUHDWPLQLPXPZDJH:LWKWKLVEHLQJ
WKHFDVHDQHVWLPDWHGSHUFHQWRIWKHSRSXODWLRQRIUHVLGHQWV
OLYHGDWRUEHORZWKHSRYHUW\OLQHLQWKHODWHV
7KHPRGHVWHFRQRPLFJURZWKWKDWRFFXUUHGGXULQJWKLVSHULRG
ZDVORFDWHGWRZDUGWKHWZRH[LWUDPSVRIIWKHKLJKZD\FUHDWLQJD
ORFDOL]HGSRO\FHQWULFFKDUDFWHUZKLOHWKHFRUHRIWRZQIHOOLQWRUXLQ
7ZRQHZJDVVWDWLRQVRQHQHZUHVWDXUDQWDQGDPRWHORSHQHGFORVH
WRWKHRIIUDPSVVRWKDWPRWRULVWVZRXOGQRWKDYHWREHGLYHUWHGEDFN
WRWKHDEDQGRQHGURDGVLGHVWULS$PHULFDQVDUHREVHVVHGZLWK\RXWK
LQODQGVFDSH-DNOHDQG:LOVRQDQGWKHVSDUNOLQJQHZQHVVRI
WKHGHYHORSPHQWVXUURXQGLQJWKHH[LWUDPSVMX[WDSRVHGWKHIDGLQJ
03 Romig.indd 41
5/16/06 2:15:11 PM
42
$3&*<($5%22.‡9ROXPH‡
SDLQWFUDFNLQJERDUGVDQGUXVWHGPHWDOWKDWOLQHGWKHRQFHEXV\
PDLQWKRURXJKIDUH,WV\PEROL]HGWKHWRZQFOLQJLQJRQZLWKLWVDS
SHQGDJHVZKLOHWKHKHDUWDQGVROHZLWKHUHGEXWWKLVLVWKHVWRU\RI
*LOD%HQGDWRZQWKDWUHSHDWHGO\UHGHÀQHVLWVHOIEDVHGRQWUDQVSRUW
WHFKQRORJLHV7KHJHRJUDSKLFSDWWHUQRIWKHWRZQ·VHFRQRPLFPRYH
PHQW WR WKH KLJKZD\ RIIUDPSV PLPLFV WKH WRZQ PRYLQJ PLOHV
VRXWK WR WKH UDLOURDG \HDUV HDUOLHU 1RWKLQJ UHPDLQV IURP WKH
RULJLQDOWRZQVLWHE\WKHULYHUEXWDIHZPXGG\HURGHGEXLOGLQJ
IRXQGDWLRQV1RWKLQJUHPDLQVIURPWKH*DWOLQVLWHRWKHUWKDQWKH
SODWIRUPPRXQGFRYHUHGZLWKFUHRVRWH0XUSK\$YHQXHDORQJWKH
UDLOURDGLVHPSW\2QHZRQGHUVZKDWWKHURDGVLGHVWULSODQGVFDSH
DORQJ3LPD$YHQXHZLOOORRNOLNHLQWKH\HDUVWRFRPH7KHORFDOV
ORRNHGHOVHZKHUHIRUVRPHWKLQJWKDWFRXOGWXUQWKHORFDOHFRQRP\
DURXQG
Gila Bend’s Backyard Is Open for Business
:KLOHPDQ\PLJKWYLHZWKHGHUHOLFWODQGVFDSHDQGWKHFRQWLQXDO
ERRPVDQGEXVWVDVGHWULPHQWDOWRWKHWRZQ·VJURZWK*LOD%HQG·V
RIÀFLDOVKDYHXVHGWKHVHLQJUHGLHQWVWRSURSHOWKHWRZQLQDQHZ
GLUHFWLRQ$WRZQZLWKDGZLQGOLQJSRSXODWLRQDKDUVKFOLPDWHDQG
DQDPSOHVXSSO\RIZDUPVDOW\ZDWHUPLJKWQRWVHHPOLNHDSODFH
WKDWFRXOGOXUHDQ\NLQGRILQGXVWU\EXWWKLVLVUHVLOLHQW*LOD%HQG
7KHWRZQDWWUDFWHGDVKULPSIDUPZLWKDEOHQGRIPLQHUDOULFKZDWHU
DQGKRWVXQWKDWSURPRWHVKHDOWK\IDVWJURZLQJVKULPS7KHIDUP
SURGXFHV FRPPHUFLDO TXDQWLWLHV RI VZHHW ZKLWH VKULPS DQG KDV
EURXJKWDQHZQRYHOW\WRWKHORFDODJULFXOWXUDOPL[
7ZRODUJHUVFDOHSODQVIHOOWKURXJKRYHUWKHSDVW\HDUV)LUVW
WKH3UXGHQWLDO,QVXUDQFH&RPSDQ\ERXJKWWKHDFUH3DORPD
5DQFK MXVW RXWVLGH *LOD %HQG 7KH UDQFK KDG EHHQ D PRGHUDWHO\
VXFFHVVIXOFRWWRQIDUPEXWSODQVZHUHWRGHYHORSWKHUDQFKDQGXVH
WKHDFFRPSDQ\LQJZDWHUULJKWVWRDFUHIHHWRIZDWHUSHU\HDU
WRGHYHORSDQDUWLÀFLDOODNHWRDWWUDFWUHDOHVWDWHGHYHORSPHQW7KH
GHYHORSPHQWOLNHO\ZRXOGKDYHWDUJHWHGUHWLUHHVPXFKOLNHRWKHU
ZHVWHUQ$UL]RQD WRZQV 7KH SODQ KRZHYHU ODFNHG WKH QHFHVVDU\
IXQGVWRSURFHHGDQGWKHUDQFKUHPDLQVSDUWLDOO\VXEGLYLGHGDQG
HQJDJHGLQOLPLWHGFRWWRQSURGXFWLRQ,QWKHVDPHVSHFXODWLYHYHLQ
*LOD%HQGZDVRQHRIVHYHUDOVLWHVFRQVLGHUHGIRUWKHGHYHORSPHQW
RI D VXSHUFRQGXFWLQJ VXSHU FROOLGHU HDVW RI WRZQ 7KH SURSRVHG
03 Romig.indd 42
5/16/06 2:15:11 PM
ROMIG*LOD%HQG$UL]RQD2QWKH5RDG6RPHZKHUH(OVH
43
PLOHXQGHUJURXQGRYDOZRXOGKDYHDOORZHGVFLHQWLVWVWRFUDVK
SURWRQVWRJHWKHUZLWKHQRUPRXVIRUFH7KHVXSHUFROOLGHULGHDIHOO
WKURXJKDQGWKHWRZQZDVIRUFHGWRORRNHOVHZKHUHIRUJOLPPHUV
RIKRSHIRUWKHIXWXUH
$VWKHWRZQDWWHPSWHGWROXUHHFRQRPLFDFWLYLW\LWVDWWHQWLRQ
VZXQJWROHVVHUGHVLUHGDFWLYLW\,Q*LOD%HQGOXUHGD
VTXDUHIRRW KD]DUGRXV PDWHULDO SODQW DQG MREV WR WRZQ 7KH
*LOD%HQGORFDWLRQZDVFKRVHQRYHU%XFNH\HDQG<XPDLQ$UL]RQD
EHFDXVHRI*LOD%HQG·VFRPPXQLW\HFRQRPLFGHYHORSPHQWSURJUDP
WKDW FRQYLQFHG WKH UHVLGHQWV WR ´ZKROHKHDUWHGO\µ VXSSRUW WKLV
LQGXVWU\ &KDUQRFN 7KLV SODQW ZDV WR LQFLQHUDWH VRLO ODFHG
ZLWKKD]DUGRXVPDWHULDODQGZDVWRSXPSQHDUO\PLOOLRQLQWR
WKHORFDOHFRQRP\EXWRSHUDWLRQVRIWKHSODQWZHUHVSRUDGLFGXH
WRLQVHFXUHIXQGLQJDQGWKHWRZQLVOHIWZLWKDQLQFLQHUDWRUWKDWLV
UDUHO\ZRUNLQJDQGDPRXQGRISROOXWHGGLUW$OVRWZRSULVRQVRQH
DGXOWDQGRQHMXYHQLOHEHJDQRSHUDWLRQVPLOHVQRUWKRIWRZQ*LOD
%HQGRIIHUVZLOOLQJLQH[SHQVLYHODERUWRDWWUDFWDFWLYLWLHVWKDWDUH
XQZDQWHGHOVHZKHUHQHYHUWKHOHVVWKHWRZQ·VODQGVFDSHFRQWLQXHG
WRGHFOLQHWKURXJKRXWWKHV
$PLGWKLVGHFOLQHWKHSRSXODWLRQRI*LOD%HQGKDVEHHQMXVWDV
SHULORXVDVWKHWRZQLWVHOI:LWKWKHDGGLWLRQRIWKHKD]DUGRXVUHF\
FOLQJSODQWDQGSULVRQVWKHWRZQJDLQHGSRSXODWLRQDQGE\KDG
UHVLGHQWV&RPSDULQJWRZQVWDWLVWLFVZLWKWKHUHVWRISURVSHURXV
0DULFRSD&RXQW\LVVREHULQJ7KHPHGLDQKRXVHKROGLQFRPHIRUWKH
FRXQW\LQFOXGLQJ0HWURSROLWDQ3KRHQL[LVFRPSDUHGZLWK
IRU*LOD%HQG(GXFDWLRQDODWWDLQPHQWVKRZVWKHFRXQW\ZLWK
SHUFHQWKLJKVFKRROJUDGXDWHVZKLOH*LOD%HQGKRYHUVDW
SHUFHQW*HRJUDSKLFHFRQRPLFSRSXODWLRQDQGODQGVFDSHPHDVXUHV
LOOXVWUDWHWKDW*LOD%HQGLVVHSDUDWHDQGODJJLQJZLWKLQDUHJLRQRI
JURZWKDQGGHYHORSPHQW
The Surge to the Local Economy
7KHQHZJURZWKLQ*LOD%HQGVXUURXQGVHOHFWULFDOSRZHUJHQ
HUDWLRQ7KH*LOD7UDLOZDVFKRVHQIRUWKH%XWWHUÀHOG6WDJH/LQHWKH
6RXWKHUQ3DFLÀF5DLOURDG,QWHUVWDWHDQGDOVRWKH(O3DVRQDWXUDO
JDV OLQH 7KLV LV D PDMRU QDWXUDO JDV SLSHOLQH VHUYLQJ WKH HQWLUH
6RXWKZHVW IROORZLQJ WKH *LOD 7UDLO WKURXJK *LOD %HQG :LWK WKH
UHOLDEOH VXSSO\ RI QDWXUDO JDV D WRZQ QRW RYHUO\ FRQFHUQHG ZLWK
03 Romig.indd 43
5/16/06 2:15:11 PM
44
$3&*<($5%22.‡9ROXPH‡
HQYLURQPHQWDOVLGHHIIHFWVDQGDORFDWLRQEHWZHHQWKHSRZHUWKLUVW\
PHWURSROLVHV RI 3KRHQL[ 7XFVRQ /DV 9HJDV 6DQ 'LHJR DQG /RV
$QJHOHV*LOD%HQGZDVVHOHFWHGWREHWKHVLWHRIWZRQHZJDVÀUHG
HOHFWULFDO JHQHUDWLQJ SODQWV WKDW ZLOO VXSSO\ PHJDZDWWV RI
HOHFWULFLW\LQWRWKHSRZHUJULGIRUWKH6RXWKZHVW7KHWZRSODQWV
KRZHYHUEULQJOLPLWHGHFRQRPLFDFWLYLW\DQGHPSOR\PHQWRSSRU
WXQLW\WR*LOD%HQG7KH7HFR*LOD5LYHU3RZHU)DFLOLW\KLUHG
FRQVWUXFWLRQZRUNHUVWREXLOGWKHPDVVLYHFRPEXVWLRQJDVWXUELQH
SODQW EXW WKH PRVWO\ DXWRPDWHG SODQW HPSOR\V RQO\ IXOOWLPH
HPSOR\HHV)LJXUH7KLVLVWKHODUJHURIWKHWZRJHQHUDWLQJVWD
WLRQVDQGKDVWKHDELOLW\WRSURGXFHPHJDZDWWVRISRZHU$VDQ
LURQLFSDUDGR[EHWZHHQWKHKLVWRU\DQGIXWXUHRIWKHWRZQWKLVQHZ
SODQWLVORFDWHGGLUHFWO\DFURVVWKHVWUHHWIURPWKH*DWOLQ+RKRNDP
FHUHPRQLDOFHQWHU7KHÀYHVWRU\ERLOHUVGZDUIWKHIRRWHURGLQJ
SODWIRUPPRXQG7KHVPDOOHUSODQWWKH*LOD%HQG3RZHU3DUWQHUV
SODQWORFDWHGQRUWKZHVWRIWRZQZLOOHPSOR\FRQVWUXFWLRQZRUN
HUVWREXLOGDQGIXOOWLPHHPSOR\HHVWRRSHUDWHDQGZLOOSURGXFH
PHJDZDWWVRIHOHFWULFLW\$VDLUFRQGLWLRQHUVKXPWKURXJKRXWWKH
6RXWKZHVWDQG$PHULFDQVFRQVXPHPRUHHQHUJ\WKHQHFHVVLW\IRU
VXSSO\LQJWKHUHJLRQ·VSRZHUQHHGVDFFHOHUDWHV7KHSULYDWL]DWLRQRI
SRZHUGHYHORSPHQWRSHQHGWKHGRRUVIRUFRPSHWLWLRQLQGLIIHUHQW
PDUNHWV7KHSRZHUEHLQJSURGXFHGLQ*LOD%HQGGRHVQRWQHFHV
VDULO\VLJQDOLPSHQGLQJJURZWKDQGGHYHORSPHQWWR*LOD%HQGEXW
RQFHDJDLQWKHWRZQLVVHUYLQJDVDVPDOOSODFHDOORZLQJRWKHUFLWLHV
LQWKH6RXWKZHVWWRFRQWLQXHWRJURZ7KHSRZHUSURGXFHGKHUHLV
RQ LWV ZD\ VRPHZKHUH
HOVH
:LWK WKH LQIOX[ RI
FRQVWUXFWLRQZRUN
HUV LQWR D VPDOO WRZQ
KRXVLQJEHFDPHVFDUFH
7KH QXPEHU RI UHQWDO
XQLWV FRXOG QRW NHHS
XS ZLWK WKH WHPSRUDU\
GHPDQG IRU KRXVLQJ
$ ERRQGRFNLQJ FDPS )LJXUH &RQVWUXFWLRQ RI WKH 7HFR 3RZHU SODQW
HPHUJHG ZKHUH 59V RXWVLGH *LOD %HQG 3KRWRJUDSK E\ DXWKRU
DQG WUDLOHUV SDUNHG 6HSWHPEHU
03 Romig.indd 44
5/16/06 2:15:12 PM
ROMIG*LOD%HQG$UL]RQD2QWKH5RDG6RPHZKHUH(OVH
DORQJWKHVLGHRIWKHURDG7KHIRXUWUDLOHUSDUNVLQWRZQWKDWKDG
EHHQQHDUO\YDFDQWIRUWKHSDVW\HDUVEHJDQÀOOLQJXSDQGVRPH
RIWKHGHUHOLFWDQGDEDQGRQHGPRWHOVUHRSHQHGRIIHULQJZHHNO\UDWHV
IRUFRQVWUXFWLRQODERUHUV)LJXUH,QDQWLFLSDWLRQRIWKHZHOO
SD\LQJIXOOWLPHMREVQHZKRXVHVKDYHEHHQEXLOWWROXUHSHRSOHWRD
SODFHZKHUHOHVVLVPRUH,QWKHSDVW\HDUVDQHZJURFHU\VWRUHKDV
EHHQEXLOWDQGWKHIDGHGIDFDGHVRIVRPHURDGVLGHHVWDEOLVKPHQWV
KDYHUHFHLYHGDIDFHOLIW)RUUHVLGHQWVZKRKDYHHQGXUHGPDQ\KDUG
VKLSVWKHVXFFHVVLVWDNHQLQVWULGH7KH\KDYHVHHQWKHERRPVDQG
EXVWVDQGWKH\VKRZJHQXLQHFRQFHUQIRUWKHWRZQDQGUHDOL]HWKDW
WKHFRQVWUXFWLRQMREVDUHWHPSRUDU\0RVWRIWKHFRQVWUXFWLRQZRUNHUV
DUHQRWORFDOV7KH\UHIHUWRWKHWRZQDV´*LOD+HOOµDQGORRNIRUZDUG
WROHDYLQJWKHKHDWLVR
ODWLRQ DQG WKH WRZQ
WKDWUHIXVHVWRGLH
Power Development
in the Southwest
7RWDO HQHUJ\ FRQ
VXPSWLRQLQWKH8QLWHG
6WDWHVLVSURMHFWHGWRLQ
FUHDVHIURPWR
TXDGULOOLRQ%ULWLVKWKHU
PDOXQLWV%WXEHWZHHQ
DQGDQDYHU
DJH DQQXDO LQFUHDVH RI
SHUFHQW7KH6RXWK
ZHVW 86 LV RQH RI WKH
IDVWHVWJURZLQJUHJLRQV
LQWHUPVRISRSXODWLRQ
WKH WRS IRXU VWDWHV LQ
SH UFHQ W SRS XODWL R Q
JURZWK EHWZHHQ DQGZHUH1HYDGD
$UL]RQD&RORUDGRDQG
8WDK 86 %XUHDX RI
WKH&HQVXV:LWK
LQFUHDVLQJ SRSXODWLRQ
03 Romig.indd 45
)LJXUH$UHERUQGHUHOLFWODQGVFDSH7KHXSSHU
SKRWRJUDSKGHSLFWVWKHGHUHOLFWLRQRIGRZQWRZQ
*LOD%HQG,QWKHORZHUSKRWRWKLVPRWHOKDGUH
RSHQHGGXHWRWKHKRXVLQJFUXQFKFDXVHGE\WKH
LQÁX[ RI FRQVWUXFWLRQ ZRUNHUV 3KRWRJUDSKV E\
DXWKRUXSSHU1RYHPEHUORZHU6HSWHPEHU
5/16/06 2:15:13 PM
46
$3&*<($5%22.‡9ROXPH‡
FRPHV LQFUHDVLQJ GHPDQG IRU UHVLGHQWLDO DQG FRPPHUFLDO HQHUJ\
7KH &DOLIRUQLD HQHUJ\ FULVLV VKRZHG WKH UHJLRQDO YXOQHUDELOLW\ RI
SRZHUVXSSO\DQGZDVYLHZHGE\VRPHDVDVWLPXOXVIRUPRUHHQHUJ\
GHYHORSPHQWWRPDWFKVXSSO\ZLWKGHPDQG$PDMRUFRQVLGHUDWLRQ
IRUHQHUJ\PDUNHWVWKURXJKZLOOEHWKHDYDLODELOLW\RIDGHTXDWH
QDWXUDOJDVVXSSOLHVDWFRPSHWLWLYHSULFHVWRPHHWJURZWKLQGHPDQG
(QHUJ\,QIRUPDWLRQ$GPLQLVWUDWLRQ:LWKLWVORFDWLRQDORQJ
WKH(O3DVR1DWXUDO*DVOLQH*LOD%HQGZDVLQDJRRGSRVLWLRQJHR
JUDSKLFDOO\WROXUHHOHFWULFDOSRZHUSURGXFWLRQIDFLOLWLHV
:KLOHXUEDQJURZWKFRQWLQXHVWKHJURZWKRISRZHUIDFLOLWLHV
LQ WKH :HVW KDV EHHQ OHVV SUHGLFWDEOH ,Q WKH SDVW \HDUV SODQ
QHUVKDYHUHFRJQL]HGWKHODUJHVRFLDOGLPHQVLRQVRIORFDWLQJSRZHU
SODQWV&RUWHVHUHVLGHQWVKDYHEHFRPHLQFUHDVLQJO\VNHSWLFDO
RU1,0%<OLNHDERXWSRZHUJHQHUDWLRQRIDOONLQGVLQFOXGLQJZLQG
SRZHULQ&DOLIRUQLD3DVTXDOHWWLDQGTXHVWLRQVKDYHDULVHQ
DERXWWKHXVHDQGGHVWUXFWLRQRIUHJLRQDOKDELWDWVE\GDPVSURYLGLQJ
ZDWHUDQGSRZHULQWKH6RXWKZHVW*UDI(DFKJURZLQJORFDOH
QHHGVSRZHUEXWQRERG\ZDQWVWKHIDFLOLW\LQWKHLUEDFN\DUGGXH
WRSRWHQWLDOSROOXWLRQEHLWQRLVHDLURUYLHZVKHG8UEDQGZHOOHUV
DUHFRQFHUQHGZLWKNHHSLQJDVHHPLQJO\DWWUDFWLYHVHWWLQJIRUWKHLU
KRPHWRLQFUHDVHWKHYDOXHRIWKHLULQYHVWPHQW7KHQHZKRPHVLQ
WKHXUEDQSHULSKHU\RI3KRHQL[7XFVRQDQG/DV9HJDVDUHPDVVLYH
VTXDUHIRRWGZHOOLQJVWKDWLQWKHLUVKHHUVL]HEDVLFDOO\QXO
OLI\WKHWHFKQLFDODGYDQFHPHQWVLQKRPHKHDWLQJDQGFRROLQJPDGH
LQ WKH SDVW IHZ \HDUV 7KH\ KDYH WR JHW WKHLU SRZHU VXSSO\ IURP
VRPHZKHUHHOVH,QWKLVLQVWDQFH*LOD%HQGLVVRPHZKHUHHOVH0DQ\
LQWRZQTXHVWLRQWKHPDVVLYHSXPSLQJRIJURXQGZDWHUWRFRROWKH
ERLOHUVEXWWKHWRZQEHLQJVRGHVSHUDWHIRUHPSOR\PHQWFODLPVWKH
SODQWVSXPSIURPDGLIIHUHQWDTXLIHUWKDQWKHRQHSURGXFLQJZDWHU
IRUPXQLFLSDOXVHUV7KHWUDGLWLRQDOZD\RIORRNLQJDWUXUDOHQHUJ\
GHYHORSPHQWKDVEHHQWRGUDZFRQFOXVLRQVOLQNLQJSRZHUVXSSO\
ZLWKLQGXVWULDOGHYHORSPHQWEXWZLWKWKHSULYDWHFRQWURORISRZHU
PRVWRIWKHHOHFWULFDOSRZHUEHLQJJHQHUDWHGLQ*LOD%HQGLVVROGRQWR
WKHUHJLRQDOSRZHUJULGDQGLVWUDQVPLWWHGHOVHZKHUH7KHSRZHU
SURGXFHG KHUH E\SDVVHV *LOD %HQG ,Q WKLV ZD\ RI WKLQNLQJ *LOD
%HQGDFFHSWVWKHPDQ\YDULHGW\SHVRISROOXWLRQVRWKDWUHVLGHQWVRI
6FRWWVGDOH+HQGHUVRQDQG6DQWD0RQLFDFDQÁLSRQDVZLWFKDQG
UHFHLYHHOHFWULFDOSRZHUZLWKRXWDFRQVFLHQFH
03 Romig.indd 46
5/16/06 2:15:13 PM
!"#$%*LOD%HQG$UL]RQD2QWKH5RDG6RPHZKHUH(OVH
The Future in Gila Bend
7KHVLWXDWLRQRI*LOD%HQGSUHVHQWHGWKXVIDUOHDGVRQHWREHOLHYH
WKLVWRZQKDVDEOHDNIXWXUH7KHSK\VLFDOORFDWLRQLVXQGHVLUDEOH
WKHEXLOWHQYLURQPHQWLVQRWDWWUDFWLYHWKHHFRQRP\LVVOXJJLVKDQG
WKHORFDOHQYLURQPHQWLVSROOXWHG+RZHYHUVSHFXODWLRQDQGJURZWK
LQ$UL]RQDLVDIIHFWHGE\ZDWHUULJKWV0RVWORFDWLRQVLQWKH8QLWHG
6WDWHVIDOOXQGHUWKH5LSDULDQV\VWHPRIZDWHUGLVWULEXWLRQ,QWKH
5LSDULDQV\VWHPHDFKSHUVRQKDVHTXDODFFHVVWRZDWHUDQGFDQXVH
DVPXFKDVWKH\VHHÀW6KLYD+RZHYHU$UL]RQDIDOOVXQGHU
WKH$SSURSULDWLRQ'RFWULQHZKLFKDFFRUGVOHJDOULJKWVWRDYDLODEOH
ZDWHUWRSHUVRQVZKRFODLPZDWHUEDVHGRQÀUVWVHWWOHPHQW:RUVWHU
7KHDJULFXOWXUDOSDVWRI*LOD%HQGSOD\VDQLPSRUWDQWSDUW
LQWKHIXWXUHRIODQGGHYHORSPHQWLQWKLVSDUWRIWKHVWDWH0DQ\RI
WKHFRWWRQUDQFKHVVXUURXQGLQJ*LOD%HQGKDYHORQJVWDQGLQJZDWHU
ULJKWVPDNLQJWKDWODQGYHU\YDOXDEOHLQDQDULGUHJLRQ:KHWKHU
WKH\XVHWKHZDWHUWRLUULJDWHFURSVRUQRWWKHVHUDQFKHVXVHWKHLU
DOORWWHGZDWHUVRWKDWWKH\ZLOOFRQWLQXHWREHDSSURSULDWHGWKHVDPH
DPRXQWIRU\HDUVWRFRPHWKXVNHHSLQJWKHLUODQGYDOXDEOH7KHIDFW
WKDWWKHZDWHUULJKWVDUHVRVWURQJVXSHUFHGHVORFDOGHUHOLFWLRQDQG
WKHODQGERRPLQ*LOD%HQGLVDSURFHVVEHLQJGLVFXVVHG
7KH0DULFRSD$VVRFLDWLRQRI*RYHUQPHQWV0$*LVWKHPHW
URSROLWDQJRYHUQLQJERG\IRUPHWUR3KRHQL[0$*LVLQFKDUJHRI
SURYLGLQJJURZWKHVWLPDWHVWRNHHSXSLQIUDVWUXFWXUHIRUWKHJURZLQJ
SRSXODWLRQVXUURXQGLQJWKHVL[WKODUJHVWFLW\LQWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV
$OWKRXJK*LOD%HQGLVFXUUHQWO\QRWFRQVLGHUHGSDUWRIPHWURSROL
WDQ3KRHQL[EHFDXVHLWLVSDUWRI0DULFRSD&RXQW\0$*KROGVDQ
LQWHUHVW LQ WKH WRZQ 5HFHQWO\ 0$* UHOHDVHG SRSXODWLRQ JURZWK
HVWLPDWHVIRUWKHUHJLRQWKURXJK7KHVHJURZWKHVWLPDWHVDUH
JHQHUDOO\FRQVLGHUHGKLJKEXWWKHWUDFNUHFRUGRIJURZWKLQWKH9DO
OH\RIWKH6XQSHUPLWVWKHXVHRIKLJKJURZWKSURMHFWLRQV*LOD%HQG
DFFRUGLQJWRWKH0$*VWXG\LVSURMHFWHGZLWKDSRSXODWLRQLQ
RIRYHU7KLVLVQRWQHFHVVDULO\DQLQFUHPHQWDOFKDQJHHLWKHU
%\WKHSRSXODWLRQLVH[SHFWHGWRJURZWRDVLJQLÀFDQW
ULVHEXWQRWDWWKHVFDOHRIWKHJURZWKDIWHU%HWZHHQDQG
WKHSRSXODWLRQLVH[SHFWHGWRGRXEOHWREXWE\WKH
WRZQLVH[SHFWHGWRULVHWRDQGE\UHDFK7KHVH
SURMHFWLRQVDUHEDVHGRQÀOOLQJRIODQGLQWKH:HVW9DOOH\WRZQVRI
$YRQGDOH%XFNH\HDQG*RRG\HDULQWKHQH[W\HDUVDQGKRXVLQJ
03 Romig.indd 47
5/16/06 2:15:13 PM
$3&*<($5%22.‡9ROXPH‡
GHYHORSPHQWOHDSIURJJLQJWR*LOD%HQGLQWKHSHULRG²GXH
WRVWURQJZDWHUULJKWVDQGDYDLODEOHODQG
:KHQDVNHGDERXWWKHSRVVLELOLW\RIPDVVLYHJURZWKPRVWRI
WKHWRZQVSHRSOHZHUHKLJKO\VNHSWLFDO7KH\FRPPRQO\XVHSKUDVHV
OLNH´,GRXEWLWµRU´,GRQ·WVHHLWµWRH[SUHVVWKHLUWKRXJKWVDERXW
0$*SRSXODWLRQSURMHFWLRQV0RVWRIWKHUHVLGHQWVZHUHFDXWLRXVO\
RSWLPLVWLFDERXWWKHQHZSRZHUSODQWVEXWZHUHXSVHWWKDWPRUH
ORFDOVZHUHQRWKLUHGDQGWUDLQHGDVWHFKQLFLDQV'XULQJLQWHUYLHZV
FRQGXFWHGLQ -XO\ WKHTXHVWLRQ WKDW FDXVHG WKHPRVW YDULHG
UHVSRQVHVZDV´:KHQZRXOG\RXVD\WKHWRZQZDVLQLWVPRVWGLI
ÀFXOWVLWXDWLRQ"µ7ZRUHVSRQGHGZLWKWKHUHFHQWHYHQWRIWKHKRXVLQJ
FUXQFKDQGFRQVWUDLQWVFDXVHGE\WKHLQÁX[RIFRQVWUXFWLRQZRUNHUV
RQH SHUVRQ FODLPHG LW ZDV WKH E\SDVVLQJ RI WRZQ E\ ,QWHUVWDWH RQHORQJWHUPUHVLGHQWFLWHGWKHRLOVKRUWDJHRIWKHVDQRWKHU
KLJKOLJKWHGWKHPLOLWDU\EDVHFXWEDFNVDQGRQHVDLGWKDW*LOD%HQG
KDVDOZD\VEHHQLQDSUHFDULRXVVLWXDWLRQ
7KLVOHDGVLQWRDGLVFXVVLRQDERXWHFRQRPLFGHYHORSPHQWDQG
WHPSRUDOVFDOHVRISODQQLQJ7RWKHFDVXDOREVHUYHUWKHPDQWUD´JURZ
DWDQ\FRVWµVHHPLQJO\HVSRXVHGE\WKHWRZQ·VERRVWHUVOLPLWVWKH
IXWXUH JURZWK SRWHQWLDO RI WKLV ODQGVFDSH +LJKHUHQG UHVLGHQWLDO
GHYHORSPHQWLVOLNHO\QRWJRLQJWREHGUDZQWRWKHVKDGRZVRIPDV
VLYHFRROLQJWRZHUVRUVKRUHVRIWKHVKULPSSRQGV'HFLVLRQVPDGH
LQ WKH SDVW \HDUV DUH FUHDWLQJ D IXWXUH EHGURRP FRPPXQLW\ RI
3KRHQL[ZKHUHKRXVLQJPD\EHDIIRUGDEOHEXWWKHRSHUDWLYHZRUGLV
´PD\µ7RZQVSHRSOHKDYHKHDUGDERXWUHVLGHQWLDOJURZWKIRUDORQJ
WLPHEXWLWKDVQRWFRPH2QHUHVLGHQWVDLG´7KH\·YHEHHQWDONLQJ
DERXWEXLOGLQJDOOVRUWVRIWKLQJVLQ3DORPD5DQFKIRUDERXW\HDUV
EXWODVWWLPH,FKHFNHGLWZDVVWLOOMXVWFRWWRQÀHOGVDQGLUULJDWLRQ
GLWFKHVµ,WLVWKLVPHQWDOLW\WKDWDOORZHGHQYLURQPHQWDOO\TXHVWLRQ
DEOHJURZWKWRRFFXULQ*LOD%HQG,QDQLQFUHDVLQJO\FRPSOH[DQG
FRPSHWLWLYH UHJLRQDO UXVK IRU FDSLWDO *LOD %HQG KDV QRW KDG WKH
OX[XU\WREHVRXJKW´<RXWDNHZKDW\RXFDQJHWµ,QDQDSSDUHQWO\
KDSKD]DUGZD\*LOD%HQGLVJURZLQJLQWRDQDIIRUGDEOHHWKQLFDOO\
PL[HGFRPPXQLW\VRPHWKLQJTXLWHUDUHLQFHQWUDO$UL]RQD:LWKLQ
DUHJLRQRIFDUHIXOO\FUDIWHG3ODQQHG8QLW'LYLVLRQVWKHPRVWFDUH
IXORISODQVSURGXFHWKHPRVWVHJUHJDWHGDQGHOLWLVWFRPPXQLWLHV
5RPLJ*LOD%HQGDFFRUGLQJWR&HQVXVKDVDOPRVWDQ
HTXDOPL[RI$QJORVDQG/DWLQRV7DEOH7KHPD\RU&KULV5LJJV
!" $%&i(.in++ ,-
./01/!1 230.30" 45
ROMIG*LOD%HQG$UL]RQD2QWKH5RDG6RPHZKHUH(OVH
VWDWHG´:HSULGHRXUVHOYHVLQRXUHWKQLFGLYHUVLW\DQGWKHIDFWWKDW
ZHDOOJHWDORQJµ7KHIDFWWKDWWKLVODQGVFDSHUHSHOVSULYDWHKRXVLQJ
LQYHVWPHQWPD\HQGXSEHLQJDODWHQWVRFLDOUHZDUG
Table 1. Population characteristics of Gila Bend.
Ethnicity
>OP[L
(MYPJHU(TLYPJHU
(TLYPJHU0UKPHU
/PZWHUPJVY3H[PUV
;V[HS
Pop (2000)
Percent
:V\YJL!<:)\YLH\VM[OL*LUZ\Z
:KLOHVRPHWRZQVSHRSOHPLJKWWKLQNUHVLGHQWVZD[QRVWDOJLF
DERXWWKHJRRGROGGD\VZKHQWKHWRZQZDVPRUHYLDEOHSHRSOHKHUH
DUHPRUHLQWHUHVWHGLQGLVFXVVLQJWKHSRVLWLYHDVSHFWVRIWRZQOLIH
VXFKDVWKHLUQHZUHYHUVHRVPRVLVZDWHUV\VWHPZKLFKUHSRUWHGO\
PDNHV*LOD%HQG·VZDWHUWKHEHVWWDVWLQJPXQLFLSDOZDWHULQWKHVWDWH
RU´KRZSHRSOHZDWHUWKHLUODZQVDQGGRGLVKHVZLWK52>UHYHUVH
RVPRVLV@ZDWHUµRUKRZWKH\JHWPRUHDQGPRUHVQRZELUGVHYHU\
\HDU7KHSHRSOHOLNHWKHWRZQDUHUHVLOLHQWDQGWDNHWKHERRPVDQG
EXVWVLQVWULGH5HVLGHQWVVHHWKDW´1RERG\OLYHVLQ*LOD%HQGZKR
GRHVQ·WZDQWWREHKHUHµ0RVWRIWKH\RXQJDQGHGXFDWHGKDYHOHIW$
IHZUHWXUQZKHQWKH\ZDQWWRH[SHULHQFHWKHVPDOOWRZQIHHOLQJWKH\
HQMR\HGJURZLQJXSDQGRWKHUVFRPHDVPLJUDQWVZRUNLQJLQWKH
VXUURXQGLQJDJULFXOWXUDOÀHOGVRQWKHLUMRXUQH\WRÀQGWKH$PHULFDQ
'UHDP7\SLFDOFRPPHQWVDUH´,OLNH*LOD%HQGEHFDXVH,IHHOVDIHDQG
NQRZHYHU\RQHµDQG´,NQRZHYHU\RQHLQWRZQ,PLJKWQRWNQRZ
WKHLUQDPHEXW,VXUHDVKHOOFRXOGUHFRJQL]HWKHLUIDFHµ*LOD%HQG
LVWKHIULHQGO\WRZQWKDWKDVKHOGRQWRWKDWVPDOOWRZQIHHOLQJ,WLV
DFKDUPIRXQGLQURRWHGQHVVEHLQJDFFHSWHGDQGZHOFRPHGDQG
ZHDWKHULQJWKHFOLPDWHDQGWKHWRZQ·VPLVIRUWXQHV
3ODFHLVGHÀQHGDVWKHFKDUDFWHULVWLFVWKDWLPSDUWPHDQLQJLQD
ODQGVFDSH:KLOHPRVWSDVVHUVE\VHHWKHGHFD\DQGVWDUNQHVVDQG
EHOLHYH*LOD%HQG·VGHUHOLFWLRQUHÁHFWVDG\LQJWRZQVSLULWWKLVLV
QRWWKHFDVH7KHUHVLGHQWVRIWKHWRZQWKURXJKFRQWLQXDOO\IDFLQJ
HFRQRPLF LQVHFXULW\ KDYH UHVSRQGHG E\ EXLOGLQJ VRFLDO VWDELOLW\
03 Romig.indd 49
5/16/06 2:15:13 PM
$3&*<($5%22.‡9ROXPH‡
7KH\KDYHZHDWKHUHGWKHXSVDQGGRZQVWRJHWKHUDQGWKH\DSSUH
FLDWH*LOD%HQGRQDGLIIHUHQWOHYHO7KLVVRFLDOVWDELOLW\KRZHYHULV
ZKDWWKHODUJHXUEDQFHQWHUVLQWKHUHJLRQODFN7KHDUWLÀFLDOJDWHG
SDUDGLVHVWKDWVKDSHWKHSDWFKZRUNSRVWPRGHUQPHWURSROLVHVPD\
HQMR\DFHUWDLQOHYHORIHFRQRPLFVHFXULW\EXWWKHVRFLDOFDSLWDOERQGV
DUHQRWDVVWURQJLQSVHXGRXWRSLDQVHWWLQJVDVWKH\DUHZKHQDWRZQ
PXVWPDNHDVHHPLQJG\VWRSLDOLYDEOH7KHVWDUNQHVVRI*LOD%HQG·V
ODQGVFDSHLVFHOHEUDWHGDV´WKHNLGVXVHWKHGHVHUWDVDSOD\JURXQGµ
7KHGHVHUWLVHQJDJHGDQGLVQRWMXVWDVFHQLFEDFNJURXQGKHUH,QD
UHJLRQRISODFHOHVVQHVVDQGVLPXODFUD%DXGULOODUG*LOD%HQG
LVDUHDOJURXQGHGSODFH,WPD\EHE\SDVVHGGHUHOLFWDQGDUHJLRQDO
DQRPDO\LQWHUPVRIHFRQRPLFKDUGVKLSVEXWEHLQJGLIIHUHQWLQWKLV
UHJLRQPD\EHDJRRGWKLQJ
Conclusion
7KURXJKGLIIHUHQWWHFKQRORJLFDOHUDV*LOD%HQGKDVUHGHÀQHGLWV
EXLOWHQYLURQPHQWDURXQGEHLQJDVWRSDORQJWKHZD\VRPHZKHUH
HOVH,WLVDORFDOHRIGXDOLWLHVDQGFRPSOH[LW\\HWWKHORQJVXIIHULQJ
UHVLGHQWVWDNHLWDOOLQVWULGH,WVORFDWLRQDVDQRDVLVDORQJDWUDQVSRUW
QHWZRUNLQWKHPLGVWRIWKHGHVHUWNHHSVFDSLWDOFLUFXODWLQJWKURXJK
WKHWRZQLQERRPDQGEXVWIDVKLRQ,WLVDE\SDVVHGSODFHEXWQRW
DV URPDQWLF DQG LQWULJXLQJ DV D ORFDWLRQ DORQJ 5RXWH VXFK DV
6HOLJPDQ$UL]RQD,WLVDORQJ+LJKZD\DOHVVÁDVK\URDGZLWK
QRWHOHYLVLRQVKRZRUSRSXODUVRQJ,WLVDWRZQRIKLVWRU\ZLWKRXWD
EXLOGLQJRUORFDWLRQRQWKHQDWLRQDOKLVWRULFUHJLVWU\*LOD%HQGLVWKH
XJO\GXFNOLQJ,WWDNHVVRPHRQHZLWKDUDUHODQGVFDSHDHVWKHWLFWR
ÀQGIDVFLQDWLRQZLWK*LOD%HQGDQGLWLVKRSHGWKDWWKHFRQWUDGLFWLRQV
DQGFRQWLQXDOVRFLDOIRUWLWXGHRIWKHUHVLGHQWVGLVSOD\HGLQWKLVVWRU\
LOOXPLQDWHWKHVZDQTXDOLWLHVHPEHGGHGLQWKLVSODFH:KLOHRWKHU
VPDOO$UL]RQDWRZQVWU\WROXUHFDVXDOWRXULVWVDQGVQRZELUGVWKH
DXVWHULW\RI*LOD%HQGRIWHQJRHVXQQRWLFHGDQGWKHWRXULVWVVSHHG
RQWRVRPHZKHUHHOVH7KHSRZHUJHQHUDWLRQDQGSULVRQVZLOONHHS
WKLVSODFHDÁRDWIRUWKHPHDQWLPHEXWDFDVLQRDQGDQRLOUHÀQHU\
KDYHEHHQSURSRVHGQHDUWKHWRZQWKHODWWHUEHLQJDNQHHMHUNUHDF
WLRQWRDQRLOVKRUWDJHLQ3KRHQL[GXULQJWKHVXPPHURI,IWKH
ODUJHXUEDQFHQWHUVQHHGLWEXWGRQRWZDQWLWDQGLWFDQQRWJRVRXWK
RIWKHERUGHULWZLOOHQGXSKHUH7KHRQO\TXHVWLRQLVZKDWLVit"
03 Romig.indd 50
5/16/06 2:15:14 PM
ROMIG*LOD%HQG$UL]RQD2QWKH5RDG6RPHZKHUH(OVH
*LOD%HQGLVDE\SDVVHGSODFHRQPDQ\GLIIHUHQWOHYHOV7KHWRZQ
ZDVE\SDVVHGE\WKHUDLOURDGEXWLWDGMXVWHGE\PRYLQJWKHWRZQ
PLOHVVRXWK7KH,QWHUVWDWHE\SDVVHGWKHGRZQWRZQSDUWRI*LOD%HQG
(OHFWULFLW\E\SDVVHVWKHWRZQDVLWLVJHQHUDWHGKHUHEXWLPPHGLDWHO\
PRYHVQRUWKRQODUJHZLUHVRQWRWKHUHJLRQDOSRZHUJULG&DSLWDODQG
LQYHVWPHQWE\SDVVWKHGRZQWRZQIRUWKHRIIUDPSSDUFHOV(YHQWKH
1,0%<SKHQRPHQRQE\SDVVHG*LOD%HQG7KHWRZQKDVDWWHPSWHG
WRVWRSWKHÁRZRIFDSLWDOPRYLQJVRPHZKHUHHOVHE\DSSHDOLQJWR
HFRQRPLFRSSRUWXQLW\WKDWKDVIHZVXLWRUV$VWKHODUJHXUEDQFHQWHUV
LQWKH6RXWKZHVWJURZPRUHXQZDQWHGVXSSRUWLQJDFWLYLWLHVZLOOEH
QHHGHGDQG*LOD%HQGZLOODQVZHUWKHFDOO
Literature Cited
%DXGULOODUG-HDQAmerica/RQGRQ9HUVR
&KDUQRFN5LFKDUG´%UHDNVRU/DFNRI7KHP'LFWDWHG7RZQV·
*URZWK*LOD%HQG5HIXVHVWR6XUUHQGHU+RSHµArizona Republic
0D\$
&RPHDX[0DOFROPArizona: A Geography%RXOGHU:HVWYLHZ3UHVV
&RUWHVH&)´7KH6RFLDO,PSDFWVRI(QHUJ\'HYHORSPHQWLQWKH
:HVW$Q,QWURGXFWLRQµThe Social Science Journal²
(QHUJ\,QIRUPDWLRQ$JHQF\Annual Energy Outlook with Projections
to 2025KWWSZZZHLDGRHJRYRLDIDHRLQGH[KWPO
)LQOH\(US 80 Highway Travelers’ Guide, Phoenix to San Diego.
3KRHQL[1DUURZ5RDG&RPPXQLFDWLRQV
*UDI:LOO/´6FLHQFH3XEOLF3ROLF\DQG$PHULFDQ5LYHUVµ
Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers²
-DNOH-RKQDQG'DYLG:LOVRQDerelict Landscapes: The Wasting of
America’s Built Environment6DYDJH0'5RZPDQDQG/LWWHÀHOG
.XSHO'RXJODV(´5RDGVLGH5HVW)URP6WDJH6WDWLRQWRWKH6SDFH
$JHLQ*LOD%HQGµJournal of Arizona History²
0DUVK%HQMDPLQ´&RQWLQXLW\DQG'HFOLQHLQWKH$QWKUDFLWH7RZQV
RI3HQQV\OYDQLDµAnnals of the Association of American Geographers
²
0HLQLJ'RQDOG:HGThe Interpretation of Ordinary Landscapes
1HZ<RUN2[IRUG8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV
3DVTXDOHWWL0DUWLQ-´:LQG(QHUJ\/DQGVFDSHV6RFLHW\DQG
7HFKQRORJ\LQWKH&DOLIRUQLD'HVHUWµSociety and Natural Resources
²
5RPLJ.HYLQ´6RFLDO,PSDFWVRI*DWHG&RPPXQLWLHVLQ6FRWWVGDOH
$UL]RQD$&ULWLFDO3HUVSHFWLYHµCity and Community²
03 Romig.indd 51
5/16/06 2:15:14 PM
$3&*<($5%22.‡9ROXPH‡
6DXHU&DUO2Morphology of Landscape8QLYHUVLW\RI&DOLIRUQLD
3XEOLFDWLRQVLQ*HRJUDSK\²
6KDIIHU0´*LOD%HQG3UHGLFWV%RRP1RW*ORRP$KHDGIRU
7RZQµArizona Republic1RY%
6KLYD9DQGDQD:DWHU:DUV3ULYDWL]DWLRQ3ROOXWLRQDQG3URÀW.
&DPEULGJH0$6RXWK(QG3UHVV
7XDQ<LIX´3ODFH$Q([SHULHQWLDO3HUVSHFWLYHµThe Geographical
Review²
³³³Space and place: The perspective of experience.0LQQHDSROLV
8QLYHUVLW\RI0LQQHVRWD3UHVV
86%XUHDXRIWKH&HQVXV7DEOH6WDWHV5DQNHGE\3HUFHQW
3RSXODWLRQ&KDQJHWRKWWSZZZFHQVXVJRY
SRSXODWLRQFHQSKFWWDE[OV
:RUVWHU'Rivers of Empire: Water, Aridity, and the Growth of the
American West.1HZ<RUN3DQWKHRQ
Dr. Kevin Romig (.HYLQURPLJ#DOXPQLXVFHGX is Assistant Professor
in the Department of Geography at Texas State University-San Marcos.
His primary research interest is in social community development, speFLÀFDOO\H[DPLQLQJPRGHUQPDQLIHVWDWLRQVRIFRPPXQLW\LQWHUDFWLRQDQG
engagement. This manuscript began as a term paper in Malcolm Comeaux’s
Arizona Geography course at Arizona State University.
03 Romig.indd 52
5/16/06 2:15:14 PM

Similar documents

NTM Sampler 5 - Natural Transitions

NTM Sampler 5 - Natural Transitions FRYHUHGLQDUDLQERZRIÁRZHUVJHPVWRQHVWHDUVDQG SHDFH

More information

View - RV Lifestyle

View - RV Lifestyle RQGDU\URXWHVIUHHIURPWKHKHDY\WUDI ILF DQG WKH SUHVVXUH RI GDVKLQJ WR \RXU GHVWLQDWLRQLQWKHVKRUWHVWSRVVLEOHWLPH  7UDYHOOLQJ WKH UHJLRQDO URDGV WDNHV \RX WKURXJK WKH VPD...

More information

SEPT. 22-23-24

SEPT. 22-23-24 %\7HUU\DQG.LP.RYHO YHU\FKLOGKDVWROHDUQWKHDOSKDEHWEHIRUHOHDUQLQJWRUHDGVRVRPHWR\V IRUWKRVHXQGHUÀYH\HDUVROGKDYHEHHQ´WHDFKLQJWR\Vµ%ORFNVZHUHWKH ÀUVW7KHROGHVWPHQWLRQ...

More information

Soldier Burial Locations - Friends of the Little Bighorn

Soldier Burial Locations - Friends of the Little Bighorn r.{d, Jde MoC@. Rrcheln bried h Rclime Pl5lfu c.daery, I nilo N. of Rdimq sD Jobn& Pacbr\ daldicr Fl@i@,Flo6s.r,/Flosn coops DEi€n wm. cJd wt, Rind.ll R.ben JnlyIl, l917inLrdmco.,sD, Ii!v.droud4lhi...

More information