presentation

Architect, Professor tutor in UNED, Master in
design engineering and researcher in architecture
3D printing and design engineering
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1.
PRESENT SITUATION
1. ANALYSIS
ANÁLISISOF
DETHE
LA SITUACIÓN
ACTUAL
2. STUDY OF THE CHANCES AND LIMITATIONS
3. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
TYPES OF MODELS USED IN ARCHITECTURE
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
TYPES OF MODELS USED IN ARCHITECTURE
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
3D PRINTING DEVELOPMENT
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
HOW CAN THE ARCHITECTURE OFFICES USE
THIS TECHNOLOGY IN THEIR WORK?
FIRST OF ALL, WE MUST THINK ABOUT THE
3D PRINTER FEATURES
REMIND! YOU CAN BUY A PRINTER, OR JUST
ORDER A MODEL TO A SPECIALIZED COMPANY
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
3D PRINTER FEATURES
- Costs (from 600 to 40.000 €)
- Weight and size (build volume)
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
3D PRINTER FEATURES
- Layer resolution: from 0,250 mm to 0,015 mm
EnvisionTEC Digital Dental Printer
Layers 25 - 100 microns
Photosensitive resin
Concept Laser MLAB 90
Layers 20 - 100 microns
Metal Alloy Cobalt Chromium
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
3D PRINTER FEATURES
- Working material
ABS
Metal
PLA
Nylon
Concrete
Many others: resins, chocolat, flour…
Wood
Salt
Ceramic
Sugar
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
THEN, WE MUST THINK ABOUT THE
CURRENT EQUIPMENT AND PERSONAL SKILLS:
- ENOUGH POWERFUL COMPUTER
- WORKERS WHO KNOW HOW TO USE IT
- TIME TO DEVELOP THE VIRTUAL MODELS
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
FROM VIRTUAL TO REAL MODELS
Phases:
- Modeling (according to the
scale and joints)
- Conversion from virtual model
to printing format (layers)
- Printing
- Post-production
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
FROM VIRTUAL TO REAL MODELS
Modeling
Adapting the model: scale and unnecessary elements
Adapting the model: joints
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
FROM VIRTUAL TO REAL MODELS
Post-production
Remove the “staircase effect”
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
FROM VIRTUAL TO REAL MODELS
Post-production
Painting, enamelling, varnishing or polishing
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
THE ARCHITECTURE OFFICES ARE ALSO
PRINTING AT 1:1 SCALE
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
1:1 SCALE
DUS Architects: plastics
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
1:1 SCALE
Bioplastics
Softkill Design + Lab Stuart-Smith's + Materialise
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
1:1 SCALE
Sand + magnesium oxide + chlorine
Enrico Dini + Shiro Studio
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
1:1 SCALE
Lunar soil
UK Monolite + Enrico Dini + Foster and Partners + ESA
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
1:1 SCALE
Concrete + composite fibres
Khoshnevis Behrokh - University of Southern California
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
2. STUDY OF THE CHANCES AND LIMITATIONS
3. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS
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2. FUTURE: CHANCES AND LIMITATIONS
WHAT IS IT FOR, THE MODEL I WANT TO PRINT?
AESTHETICS
FUNCTIONALITY
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2. FUTURE: CHANCES AND LIMITATIONS
STUDY CASES
Industrial building
V-Flash. 3D Systems
resin polymerisation
layers 0,11 mm
Scale 1:850
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2. FUTURE: CHANCES AND LIMITATIONS
STUDY CASES
Museum
V-Flash. 3D Systems
resin polymerisation
layers 0,11 mm
Scale 1:700
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2. FUTURE: CHANCES AND LIMITATIONS
STUDY CASES
Arts Centre
RepRap Prusa (+ waspmod)
Fused Filament Fabrication. ABS
layers 0,25 mm
Scales 1:1000 and 1:250
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2. FUTURE: CHANCES AND LIMITATIONS
STUDY CASES
Market and vegetable garden
Dimension. Stratasys
Fused Deposition Modelling. ABS
layers 0,33 mm
Scale 1:225
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2. FUTURE: CHANCES AND LIMITATIONS
STUDY CASES
Market and vegetable garden
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2. FUTURE: CHANCES AND LIMITATIONS
STUDY CASES
Single-family house
Z Printer. 3D Systems
cianocrilate adhesive + powder plaster
Layers 0,1 mm
Scale 1:150
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2. FUTURE: CHANCES AND LIMITATIONS
STUDY CASES
Single-family house
V-Flash. 3D Systems
resin polymerisation
layers 0,11 mm
Scale 1:150
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2. FUTURE: CHANCES AND LIMITATIONS
STUDY CASES
Single-family house
Dimension. Stratasys
Fused Deposition Modelling. ABS
layers 0,33 mm
Scale 1:100
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2. FUTURE: CHANCES AND LIMITATIONS
STUDY CASES
Presentation models
Z Printer. 3D Systems
cianocrilate adhesive + powder plaster
Layers 0,1 mm
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1. ANALYSIS OF THE PRESENT SITUATION
2. STUDY OF THE CHANCES AND LIMITATIONS
3. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS
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3. CONCLUSIONS
- ADAPTING THE DIGITAL MODEL
THE SCALE IS NOT UNIFORM
(REMOVE ELEMENTS, ENLARGE OTHERS…)
- TRY TO ELIMINATE THE POST-PRODUCTION
PHASE (IT CAN BE VERY TIME-CONSUMING)
- REUSE THE MATERIALS
(MONEY, TIME, SPACE IN THE STUDIO)
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3. CONCLUSIONS
- PRINTING WITH MORE THAN TWO MATERIALS
(IT DEPENDS ON THE TECHNOLOGY)
- ADDING OTHER ELEMENTS WHILE PRINTING
(USING A ROBOT ARM OR SIMILAR)
- PRINTING ON MODELS THAT ALREADY EXIST
(TO DEVELOP MORE COMPLEX PROJECTS)
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THANK YOU
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1. ANÁLISIS DE LA SITUACIÓN ACTUAL
DESARROLLO DE LA IMPRESIÓN 3D
1976 Estereolitografía. Charles Hull (3D Systems) – comercialización en 1988
1980 Sinterización selectiva por láser. Carl Deckard y Joseph Beaman
1980 Modelado por deposición fundida. S. Crump Scott (Stratasys)
1993 Impresión 3D con aglutinante. Jim Bredt y Tim Anderson (Z Corporation )
2004 Proyecto RepRap. Adrian Bowyer
2009 Makerbot Industries. Bre Pettis, Adam Mayer, y Zach “Hoeken” Smith
2008 Prótesis de pierna a medida, impresa en 3D
2009 Bio-impresión de tejidos orgánicos: vaso sanguíneo (Organovo)
2011 Impresión 3D de oro de 14 kilates y plata de ley (Materialise)
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1. ANÁLISIS DE LA SITUACIÓN ACTUAL
CARACTERÍSTICAS DE UNA MÁQUINA DE IMPRESIÓN 3D O DE PROTOTIPADO RÁPIDO
Material de trabajo: investigaciones en el MIT
Densidad variable
4D
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1. ANÁLISIS DE LA SITUACIÓN ACTUAL
ANÁLISIS DE MATERIALES Y PROCESOS
Comparación de equipos y tecnologías
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1. ANÁLISIS DE LA SITUACIÓN ACTUAL
PASOS PARA LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LOS MODELOS
Impresión 3D
Comparación entre dos posiciones de cara a la optimización en la construcción
Posicionado en origen del eje Y
Paralelo al eje Z
Tiempo estimado: 3h 55min
Posicionado al final del eje Y
Paralelo al eje X
Tiempo estimado: 1 h 11min
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2. FUTURO: POSIBILIDADES Y LIMITACIONES
LOCALIZACIÓN DE DIFICULTADES
Prestaciones de la maqueta en función del uso final
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