Magical Cards
Transcription
Magical Cards
Magical Cards EXTREME On the Ground Report MAGICAL CARDS Jokowi has introduced a number of pro-poor policies even before he became President of Indonesia, while running as the Governor of Jakarta in 2012. He introduced Jakarta Smart Card (KJP) and Jakarta Health Card (KJS) to help the poor cover basic expenses such as tuition and health care. Since he became President, he extended these cards to become nationwide policy introducing Indonesia Smart Card (KIP), Indonesia Health Card (KIS), and Social Security Card (KKS). Extreme Team went on the ground and talked to some of recepients of these magical cards focusing on KJP. The idea is to find out the details of the implementation process, the feedback, and which listed companies are likely to benefit. Jakarta Smart Card (KJP) was first launched in 2013 when Jokowi became the new Jakarta Governor. The budget was relatively small at under Rp1tn, but has since been upsized quite significantly. KJP is literally a debit card issued by Bank DKI Jakarta, which students can use to purchase items only in stores with EDC but not for cash withdrawal. Extreme Team went to several Ramayana stores and stationery stores in Central Jakarta. Based on our chat with the cashier in one of Ramayana stores, 7 out of 10 shoppers were actually paying using KJP. There are even items in Ramayana supermarket eligible for KJP purchases. Extreme Team thinks Ramayana is clearly benefiting from greater spending by KJP. Part of the rising contribution of Greater Jakarta sales to overall sales in the past year is likely came from KJP spending. Indonesia Smart Card (KIP) is a nationwide equivalent to Jakarta Smart Card (KJP) given to eligible child under Social Security (KKS) family cardholder. KIP is also used as identity card to register in schools, islamic boarding schools, learning groups or other training centers. There is an overlap between KIP and KJP and we understand that only one card is applicable to every students but not both, although the disbursement of KIP is still cash and not direct debit like KJP. The two cards are bound to create confusion among students and the control of usage of money under KIP will be difficult and prone to abuse. We think students prefer KJP as the allowance is greater than KIP. Along with KJP and KIP, Extreme Team also found out every poor household tends to hold a number of other cards as well. These include 3-4 health cards issued by the government in the last five years such as Jamkesmas, ASKES and BPJS. We also discovered that one of the cards, KKS, which provides Rp200k allowance per family per month has been inactive for a year. Bottom line, there is a lot of overlap between cards, socialization among the recepients can be improved and execution is still not smooth. A lot more details, infographics, and pictures from our finding are in the report. Below are some listed companies that we think could benefit from higher spending under the national cards. INDONESIA Economics 27th July 2016 Analysts Felicia Putri Tjiasaka E [email protected] P +62 21 8067 3137 Sandy Ham E [email protected] P +62 21 8067 3138 Figure 1: Listed companies benefiting from magical cards Sector Pharmaceutical Retail Consumer Staples Poultry Company PT Kalbe Farma Tbk. PT Tempo Scan Pacific Tbk. PT Industri Jamu dan Farmasi Sido Muncul Tbk. PT Mitra Adiperkasa Tbk. PT Sepatu Bata Tbk. PT Ramayana Lestari Sentosa Tbk. PT Matahari Department Store Tbk. PT Matahari Putra Prima Tbk. PT Hero Supermarket Tbk. PT Ultrajaya Milk Industry & Trading Co Tbk. PT Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk. PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk. PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk. PT Mayora Indah Tbk. PT Nippon Indosari Corpindo Tbk. PT Siantar Top Tbk. PT Charoen Pokphand Indonesia Tbk. PT Japfa Comfeed Indonesia Tbk. PT Malindo Feedmill Tbk. Ticker Mkt. Cap (Rp tn) KLBF TSPC SIDO MAPI BATA RALS LPPF MPPA HERO ULTJ ICBP UNVR INDF MYOR ROTI STTP CPIN JPFA MAIN 78.0 9.0 9.1 7.3 1.1 8.2 61.7 9.8 4.7 12.1 102.3 353.1 67.2 35.6 8.4 5.1 63.8 14.4 3.7 PE (x) 2016E 2017E 35,56 31,46 14,25 12,71 19,99 17,34 36,6 20,24 22,68 20,28 28,11 24,21 63,89 35,08 19,13 15,99 29,06 26,37 53,69 48,03 17,24 15,24 26,14 21,91 28,13 23,83 23,49 19,56 17,58 14,38 18,91 14,08 PB (x) 2016E 2017E 6,66 5,93 1,97 1,84 3,42 3,23 2,34 2,12 2,3 2,18 29,31 19,74 3,5 3,29 4,33 3,59 5,92 5,27 64,93 59,1 2,26 2,06 5,62 4,7 5,9 4,86 4,39 3,76 2,24 1,95 1,98 1,79 Dividend Yield 2016E 2017E 1,2 1,39 3,79 4,17 4,11 4,33 0,06 0,35 2,21 2,41 2,15 2,6 0,88 1,02 1,54 1,86 1,76 1,96 2,34 2,85 0,95 1,07 0,55 0,63 0,99 1,17 0,5 1,09 0,65 1,06 Source: Bloomberg, Sucorinvest July 2016 2 Magical Cards “The test of our progress is not whether we add more to the abundance of those who have much; it is whether we provide enough for those who have too little.” – President Franklin D. Roosevelt Jokowi has introduced a number of pro-poor policies even before he became President of Indonesia, while running as the Governor of Jakarta in 2012. He introduced Jakarta Smart Card (KJP) and Jakarta Health Card (KJS) to help the poor cover basic expenses such as tuition and health care. Since he became President, he extended these cards to become nationwide policy introducing Indonesia Smart Card (KIP), Indonesia Health Card (KIS), and Social Security Card (KKS). The three national cards are to replace the older Social Security Card (KPS), which was previously used for distribution of poverty aids. There are now five cards in total and we like to call them “magical cards” as they indeed deliver significant relief to the poorest segment of the society. We sympathize with Jokowi’s focus on pro-poor policies as Indonesia ranks poorly in Human Development Index at 110 out of 118 countries globally and fourth place in ASEAN-5, ahead of only Phillipines. The average years of schooling is 7.6 years, lower than the nine year Compulsory Education set by the government. In the health sector, Indonesia’s average life expectancy is 69.1 years, again only ahead of Phillipines in the ASEAN-5. Extreme Team went on the ground and talked to some recepients of these magical cards focusing on KJP. The idea is to find out the details of the implementation process, the feedback, and which listed companies are likely to benefit. Figure 2: Introduction to “magical cards” Jakarta Indonesia KJP Abbreviation KJS Kartu Jakarta Pintar KIP KIS KKS Kartu Jakarta Sehat Kartu Indonesia Pintar Kartu Indonesia Sehat Kartu Keluarga Sejahtera Health Social Security Sector Education Health Education Recipients Primary - SHS students in Jakarta who register & be verified Low income citizens in Jakarta who register & be verified 6 - 21 y.o children who are registered in the list Type of funding Non-cash / Debit card Identity card Cash Identity card Cash 210 - 390 / child / month Free medical treatment + medicines 225 - 500 / child / semester Free medical treatment + medicines 200 / family / month Nominal (Rp '000) Families who are registered in previous Social Security Card (KPS) or in list of TNP2K Source: Govt of Jakarta, TNP2K, Sucorinvest Figure 3: ASEAN-5 Human Development Index 2015 Figure 4: ASEAN-5 Human Health Index 2015 Years 140 12 110 120 115 10 93 100 8 80 Years 90 % 83.1 5 75,0 80 74.9 69.1 68.5 70 3 50 62 6 60 4 40 40 2 30 20 2 11 20 0 0 Singapore Malaysia Thailand HDI Rank (LHS) Source: UNDP 2015, Sucorinvest July 2016 Indonesia Philippines Mean Years of Schooling (RHS) 4 60 1 10 0 0 Singapore Malaysia Life Expectancy Thailand Indonesia Philippines Public health expenditure (as % of GDP) Source: UNDP 2015, Sucorinvest 3 Magical Cards July 2016 4 Magical Cards Jakarta Smart Card (KJP) was first launched in 2013 when Jokowi became the new Jakarta Governor. The budget was relatively small at under Rp1tn, implying Rp1.1mn subsidy per student per year but has since been upsized quite significantly. The average subsidy per student per year stood at Rp3.9mn in 2015, up more than threefold compared to 2014. KJP, the old version, was literally a debit card issued by Bank DKI Jakarta, with which students could withdraw cash from ATM to purchase school-related items, up to late 2015. However given that it was pure cash handout, there was no control in place on whether the funds were used for school related items or other consumptive purposes. In late 2015, the new Jakarta governor, Ahok who was Jokowi’s deputy previously, came up with a new idea and changed the system of disbursement into non-cash. Now students can use the KJP debit card to purchase items only in stores with EDC and not for cash withdrawal. The stores act as a control mechanism for which items can be purchased using the KJP. Figure 4: Budget allocation for KJP (Rptn) 2.30 0.70 Figure 5: Total number of KJP recepients 2.50 2.20 573.089 26.3% 73.7% 0.67 2014 561.408 531.007 41.5% 41.6% 58.5% 58.4% 2.39 2015 2016 Budget Allocation Budget Realization Source: DKI Provincial Budget, Sucorinvest 2014 2015 Private Public 2016 Source: DKI Education Agency, Sucorinvest Figure 6: Visit to poor homes in Bendungan Hilir and Kampung Bali Source: Sucorinvest July 2016 5 Magical Cards July 2016 6 Magical Cards Extreme Team explored the slum areas in Jakarta such as Bendungan Hilir, Kampung Bali, Angke, Kota, Tanah Abang, and Cipinang to understand how KJP is being implemented. Above are some of the pictures from our trips and also infographics on how to apply for KJP. One slum area, Kampung Bali, was located right next to the river and we asked if any child had ever fallen to the river. The mothers laughed and said: “Luckily none. The children even jumped into the river and played. Sometimes, we joined them too.” Most of the children in Kampung Bali attended schools with KJP funding. Some of their parents worked as newspaper deliverymen, street singers, or not doing anything at all. Under the KJP scheme, students are given monthly allocation. Part of this monthly allocation is disbursed to students while the remaining is saved by the government to be disbursed at the start of new semester (Figure 7). Students who are attending more expensive private schools are also given additional allowance. The allowance varies by grade. By 2017, the Jakarta governor plans to extend the subsidy to university students providing up to Rp18mn per year for those who are accepted to a university. Figure 7: KJP allowances in 2016 Primary (SD/MI/SDLB) Monthly allocation (Rp '000) 210 Monthly disbursement (Rp '000) 100 Semesterly disbursement (I & II) 500 Additional for private school / month 130 Junior HS (SMP/MTs/SMPLB) 260 150 500 170 Senior HS (SMA/MA/SMALB) 375 200 500 290 Vocational (SMK) 390 200 500 240 Non-Formal (PKBM) 210 100 500 - Level Jan 100 Feb 100 Mar 100 KJP disbursement for 1 child / year (Primary School) - Rp '000 Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct 100 100 600 100 100 100 100 Nov 100 Dec 600 Total 2200 Source: Govt of Jakarta, Sucorinvest Below are the type of stores that can accept KJP and also the type of items that can be purchased. Students have to keep the bill of all purchases to be reported on every semester. We also list the companies that could benefit from higher sales due to KJP. Figure 8: List of stores, brands and price ranges available for KJP recipients Type of stores Name of stores Health Store Apotheque / Drugstore Trade center / retail stores which have EDC machines, mostly in Pasar Jatinegara, Asemka, Senen and Tanah Abang Optical Stationaries & tools Clothes & shoes store BATA Shoes store Department store Ramayana & Matahari Department Store Supermarket & foodstore Carrefour, Hypermart, HERO, Supermarket Ramayana, SPAR, Robinson Bookstore Gramedia, Toko Buku Gunung Agung Sport store Sport Station Type of things allowed Dental aids, hearing aids, walking aids, visual aids, glasses Medicine, vitamin School shoes and bags Nutritious F&B Student's needs ie. note book, drawing book, text book, exercise book, USB, scientific calculator School uniform Stationaries ie. ruler, crayon, spidol, paints, compass Brand of things allowed Brands sold in the stores KLBF, TSPC, SIDO Shoes (100-250k) Bags (150-300k) Homyped, Speed, Ardiles, Palazzo, Tracker, Export Kasogi, League, MAPI Milk & Juice Nugget Biscuit Cereal CPIN, UNVR, ICBP, ULTJ, ICBP, Nestle, JPFA, MYOR, INDF, KLBF, UNVR MYOR MAIN ROTI, STTP Kiky, Sido, Sinar Dunia, etc. Local / unbranded (75-90k) Luna, Faber Castel, Staedtler, etc. Extracurricular cost not funded by subsidy (BOP & BOS) - TransJakarta free ride by showing KJP and school uniformed (Mon-Sat at 5-7 am and 1-6 pm) - Source: Govt of Jakarta, Sucorinvest July 2016 7 Magical Cards Extreme Team notices a few spending patterns among KJP recepients. Firstly, students tend to save the monthly allowance until the start of new semester in order to buy more expensive items such as shoes, uniforms, and bags. These typically make up the bulk of the spending for the average student. Secondly, there is greater preference to shop in the modern channel mainly driven by availability of EDC for payment, but also for greater discounts and better shopping environment. Extreme Team went to several Ramayana stores and stationery stores in Central Jakarta. We investigated if store owners or cashiers were willing to conspire in issuing fake receipts and the good news is all of them have no interest in profiting by abusing KJP. We went to one of Ramayana stores in Palmerah and the cashier told us that 7 out of 10 shoppers were paying using KJP. There are even items in Ramayana supermarket eligible for KJP purchases. Figure 9: How students allocate their spending Others 10% F&B 10% Spending of Semester Allowances Shoes 25% Books 15% Uniforms 15% Value (Rp '000) Percentage (%) 1 Shoes 150 30% 1 Bag 150 30% 2 Uniform 150 30% Others 50 10% Total 500 100% Purchase Bags 25% Source: Sucorinvest Figure 10: Visit to Ramayana in Palmerah and Sabang promoting usage of KJP Source: Sucorinvest Extreme Team thinks Ramayana is clearly benefiting from greater spending by KJP. Part of the rising contribution of Greater Jakarta sales to overall sales in the past year from 32.7% to 33.4% iin 2015 was likely helped by KJP spending. We estimate if 30% of KJP budget were to be spent in Ramayana stores, it will add Rp750bn to the company’s existing revenue base or equivalent to additional 10% growth. July 2016 8 Magical Cards Extreme Team also visited ASEMKA stationery center in Central Jakarta and Gramedia Gajah Mada. Interestingly, contribution from KJP is not significant for both stores. Sales have also been rather flattish in the past months possibly due to students waiting for the start of new semester before making their purchases. Figure 11: Visit to stationery centers in ASEMKA Source: Sucorinvest Extreme Team explored further to test the boundaries on what can be purchased under KJP. In the rules, snacks and instant food are not considered nutritious food and thus cannot be purchased using KJP. However, we found out that food is a grey area and as long as the cashier accepts, the items can be bought using KJP. Figure 12: Food products are often grey area under KJP Source: Sucorinvest Some abuses in KJP do happen; they are documented and can be accessed in the KJP website. Most abuses typically occur in gas stations and jewellery stores. Figure 13: List of KJP abuses No School Level Abuse Value (Rp '000) No School Level Abuse Value (Rp '000) 1 SD (Primary School) 2 SD 700 11 SMP 650 Jewellery store 500 12 SD 600 Electronic store 3 SD 500 4 SD 500 13 SD 331 Solaria 14 SMK (Vocational School) 412 Travel agency 5 SD 6 SD 280 15 SMK 100 Karaoke 1900 16 SMK 403 Grand Indonesia 7 SD 200 8 SD 370 17 SMK 494 Grand Indonesia 18 SMK 350 9 SD 500 Clothing store 19 SMK 453 Automotive store 10 SMP (Junior HS) 500 Abuse Location Abuse Location Gas station Jewellery store Source: Govt of Jakarta July 2016 9 Magical Cards July 2016 10 Magical Cards July 2016 11 Magical Cards Indonesia Smart Card (KIP) is a nationwide equivalent to Jakarta Smart Card (KJP) given to eligible child under Social Security (KKS) family cardholder. KIP is also used as identity card to register in schools, islamic boarding schools, learning groups or other training centers. There is overlap between KIP and KJP and we understand that only one card is applicable to every students but not both, although the disbursement of KIP is still cash and not direct debit. The two cards are bound to create confusion among students and the control of usage of money under KIP will be difficult and prone to abuse. We think students are likely to prefer the Jakarta Smart Card (KJP) as the allowance is larger than KIP. It is worth noting that KIP is also a continuation program of Poor Student Assistance (BSM) launched in 2014. The government targets a total of 19.5mn students to receive KIP cards in 2016. Figure 17: KIP allowances are way lower compared to KJP Level Cash distribution per 6 months (Rp '000) Primary (SD/MI/SDLB) 225 Junior HS (SMP/MTs/SMPLB) 375 Senior HS (SMA/SMK/MA/SMALB) 500 Source: Ministy of Education Along with KJP and KIP, Extreme Team discovered that every poor household tends to hold a number of other cards as well, numbering to more than 10 cards for example in one mother’s wallet. These include 3-4 health cards issued by the government in the last five years such as Jamkesmas, ASKES and BPJS. We also found out that one of the cards, KKS, which provides Rp200k allowance per family per month has been inactive for a year. Bottom line there is a lot overlap between cards, socialization among the recepients can be improved and execution is still not smooth. Figure 18: Typical wallet for the poor containing a number of cards issued by the government Source: Sucorinvest July 2016 12 Magical Cards Extreme Team visited the local clinics, Puskesmas, to understand how the health cards work. We found out the administrative staffs in the clinics actually treat patients with health cards differently compared to those without the cards. The process is often more complicated for those with health cards, sometimes requiring referral letters before the patients can receive medical treatment. This is despite the severity of the patients’ conditions. Patients, however, are still grateful for these health cards from our chats with them. They have the opportunity to receive medical treatment for free and generic medicines were also provided for free or at small nominal cost of only Rp2,000. Figure 19: Visit to Puskesmas in Jakarta Source: Sucorinvest Lastly, Extreme Team visited the local district office to find out the process of obtaining the letter to become receipient of national cards. The process is very manual with paper applications submitted, amounting to thousands per week. The only online process currently applies to Jakarta Smart Card (KJP). It takes about two weeks to obtain the clearance letter certifying that the recepient is indeed in the poor income category. For students, the application process start at school and the school will submit the applications to the local distric office. Figure 20: Visit to the local district office Source: Sucorinvest July 2016 13 Magical Cards Following our EXTREME series... and more to go... 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Ketintang, Surabaya 60231 Ph: (+62-31) 8297123 Sector Transportation, Infra Property Extreme On The Ground Extreme On The Ground Consumer Banking Economist Research Assistant Email [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 16