Untitled

Open-air
Museums
Open-air
Museums
If you are looking for an example of how people used to live and
work in perfect harmony with their natural environment, it can
be seen in folk architecture and building. The builders were not
trained architects and urbanists, often just amateur carpenters,
but nevertheless they had a highly-developed sense of proportion
and their works reflected the integrity of their lives and their
surroundings.
VYCHYLOVKA
ZUBEREC
MARTIN
BANSKÁ ŠTIAVNICA
NITRA
2
SVIDNÍK
STARÁ BARDEJOV
ĽUBOVŇA
PRIBYLINA
HUMENNÉ
Running through Slovakia
there is an imaginary
border between clay
and masonry and
wooden architecture.
The favourable climatic
and soil conditions in the
south of the country had
a considerable influence
on the overall way of life
of the population, who
were involved mainly
with agriculture. In
the past these natural
conditions resulted in the
predominance of clay
buildings with thatched
roofs made of straw or
reeds.
The hilly regions covering
the larger part of Slovakia
are part of what is
known as the Carpathian
arc. The harsh climatic
conditions and poorer
quality of the soil meant
that people here usually
made their living from the
timber industry, sheep
breeding and to a limited
extent agriculture. In
many areas, especially
in the more distant
past, mining was also
important. The extensive
forests provided plentiful
materials for wooden
architecture.
Types of housing as
evidence of a way of life
came to the attention
of people concerned
with world culture in the
second half of the 19th
century. Interest in their
presentation in museums,
however, only crystallised
in the last quarter of the
century. The era of openair museums began in
1891, when the Stiftelsen
Skansen was opened in
Stockholm as an outdoor
exhibition of the Nordic
Museum (Nordiska
Museet). Since then
more than 2000 openair museums have been
established in Europe.
A peasant’s house from
the territory of Slovakia
was first presented at
the Vienna International
Exhibition 1873, with other
exhibition presentations
following. Although there
were isolated efforts to
rescue rare buildings
of folk architecture
involving transporting
them to chosen sites, it
was not until the middle
of the 20th century that
the construction of
open-air museums was
undertaken. Although
Slovakia has so far fewer
open-air museums
in comparison with
western and northern
Europe, their activities
are becoming more and
more attractive every
year and in the summer
months in particular most
of them come to life and
offer a varied programme
of attractions for visitors.
The following pages will
introduce you to 10 openair museums that present
folk architecture, housing
and folk traditions.
3
Martin
Slovak Village Museum
MARTIN
4
The foundation stone
of the Museum of Folk
Architecture was laid
on the occasion of the
75th anniversary of the
founding of the Slovak
Museum Society in 1968
and the exhibition was
officially opened in 1972.
On a site covering over
64 hectares (approx. 160
acres) the aim was to
build a national open-air
museum which would
be divided into two
cultural and geographical
areas: the Danube
and Tisa river basins
representing the lowlands
and gentle hills with a
predominance of clay
and masonry architecture
and the Carpathian,
made up of mountain
and foothill areas with
wooden architecture. The
museum began with the
Orava region, which has
maintained a dominant
position to the present
day and draws the most
visitors. No doubt this is
thanks to the attractive
buildings exhibited,
including a yeoman’s
house from Vyšný Kubín
dated 1748, a craftsman’s
house with a storeyed
pantry from Veličná
from 1886, as well as the
homestead of a rich farmer
from Jasenová dated 1845.
Among the buildings
forming an Orava village
street, the inn from
Oravská Polhora is the
focus of attention and,
as in the past, so today,
it provides refreshments
and is a place where
people meet and enjoy
themselves.
The outstanding feature of
the north-western part of
the museum is a wooden
Roman Catholic church
from Rudno. From here
the visitor passes buildings
from north Orava to
reach those illustrating a
Kysuce village. This part
of Slovakia is represented
by 36 complete farmsteads
and isolated buildings
which are typical dwellings,
farm, social and religious
buildings. The perceptive
visitor can discern in the
exhibition of the life of a
village community from
the second half of the 19th
and the beginning of the
20th century the difference
in culture from other areas
in Slovakia. These are, for
example, the extensive
farming, the breeding of
cattle and sheep, several
characteristic crafts and
home industries, the
customs and preferred
religious denomination.
The Liptov region is
presented in the form of a
village built along a stream
or road. The first two
buildings were opened to
the public last year.
Múzeum slovenskej dediny
Slovenské národné
múzeum v Martine
(Slovak Village Museum
Slovak National Museum,
Martin)
Malá Hora 2
036 80 Martin
tel.: +421-43-413 26 86,
423 94 91, 422 06 12
fax: +421-43-413 26 86
e-mail:
[email protected]
www.snm.sk
Services for visitors
- guided tours
- refreshments and meals
in an inn from Oravská
Polhora
- sale of souvenirs,
postcards, specialised
publications and rural
artefacts
Services on request
- wedding ceremonies in
the Roman Catholic church
from Rudno
- hire of rooms in the
Oravská Polhora inn for
family, corporate and
social occasions
Calendar of events
February - Už sa fašiang
kráti (Shrovetide festivities)
April - Veľká noc ide
(Easter customs); Stavanie
májov (Putting up the May
pole – official opening
of the summer tourist
season)
May - Terchová, Terchová
(traditional folklore);
Detská nedeľa (Children’s
Sunday)
June - Dnes tovariš,
zajtra master (Today a
Journeyman, Tomorrow a
Master); Turčianske halali
(festivities for hunters)
July - Spoznajme sa (Let’s
get to know each other);
Turčianska harmonika
(performance by Turiec
musicians)
August - Vitajte susedia
(folklore a craft traditions
of neighbouring regions);
Dožinky (Harvest Festival)
September - Človek a
príroda (People and
Nature); Na slávu
zemiakov (tasting potato
dishes)
October - Michalský
jarmok (St. Michael’s
Fair); Keď sa zima opýta...
(When winter asks...)
December - Vianoce na
dedine (Christmas in the
Countryside)
The museum is open all
year round
Opening hours
1. 5 – 30. 6
9.00 – 18.00
(daily except Monday)
1. 7 – 31. 8
9.00 – 18.00
(daily)
1. 9 – 31.10
9.00 – 17.00
(daily except Monday)
1. 11 – 30.4
10.00 – 14.30
(daily except Monday and
Saturday)
How to get there
From Martin, bus nos. 10, 11, 20,
41 to terminal in Ľadoveň, from
there approx. 20 min. walk
5
Banská
Štiavnica
Slovak Mining
Museum
BANSKÁ ŠTIAVNICA
6
As early as the 17th century
the mining activities in
the Banská Štiavnica area
were exceptional in the
context of both Europe
and the world. It was here
that black powder was
first used to shatter rocks
(1627) and new extraction
methods, unique watercolumn pumping and
driving machines were
invented. Here you could
find what was at that time
the longest continuous
mining construction with
the highest embankment
dam and a system of sixty
artificial reservoirs. The
first factory in the world
for the production of steel
cables twisted by machine,
the first international company for the development
of mining and metallurgy
and, moreover, the first
mining school in the world
(1735) were all established
here. In 1927 the State
Mining Museum of Dionýz
Štúr was founded with the
aim of documenting and
presenting the town’s glorious history.
Two kilometres from Banská Štiavnica, in the Ondrej
shaft below the Klinger
reservoir, there is the largest exhibition of mining
technology in Slovakia
and one of the largest in
Europe. The public has
access to two surface sites,
those around the Ondrej
shaft and Bartolomej drift,
where there are buildings
displaying remarkable
mining equipment from
the second half of the 19th
and the beginning of the
20th century. Some of the
most interesting buildings
are the “Cachovňa” – a
miner’s room and a smith’s
workshop, but the whole
site of the “Prachárne” is
remarkable. This was the
main store of black powder for the entire Banská
Štiavnica ore district and
one of the first lightning
conductors was installed
here as early as the seventeen eighties. Various
types of mining houses
from Smolník, Ľubietová
and Nižná Boca have been
transferred to this site and
they form the core of an
exhibition of folk architecture demonstrating the
way of life and housing
arrangements of the
miners. One real attraction for the visitors is the
possibility of going down
into the mine, where in this
authentic setting they can
imagine how the one-time
miners felt. There are dozens of shafts and hundreds
of underground galleries in
Banská Štiavnica and the
surroundings. The exhibition beneath the surface
consists of two working
levels of the Ondrej shaft
from the end of the 17th
century. These drifts were
created manually, using
simple tools and with the
help of black powder.
Dates carved in the walls,
the oldest from 1664,
provide documentary
evidence of the times.
In 2003 a geological exhibition was opened in the
grounds of the Outdoor
Mining Museum, being the
first and so far the only one
to present the geological
structure of Slovakia in
the form of 80 samples of
rocks collected by leading
Slovak geologists.
Banské múzeum v prírode
(Outdoor Mining Museum)
J. K. Hella 12
969 00 Banská Štiavnica
tel.: +421-45-691 29 71
fax: +421-45-692 07 61
The Mining Museum is part
of the Slovak Mining
Museum:
Slovenské banské múzeum
Kammerhofská 1
969 00 Banská Štiavnica
tel.: +421-45- 691 15 41
fax: +421-45-691 27 64
e-mail: [email protected]
Services for visitors
- guided tours
- individual tours of the
exhibition
- extended tour – coal mining exhibition
- sale of souvenirs, minerals and the museum’s
booklets, brochures, etc.
- snack bar for light refreshments
Calendar of events
May - Festival kumštu a
remesla (Festival of Crafts
and Trades)
June - Tradičný banícky
juniáles (Traditional miners’ festivity)
July – September - Noc
na starom zámku (Night
tours of the Old Castle)
December - Štiavnický
vianočný jarmok (Christmas Fair in Banská
Štiavnica)
www.muzeumbs.sk
The museum is open
all year round with
limited opening hours
Opening hours
1.5 – 30.9
9.00 – 16.00
daily except Monday
1.10 – 30.4
Tuesday – Friday
8.00 – 15.00
Saturday – Sunday –
telephone bookings only
How to get there
The Outdoor Mining
Museum is 2 km from
the centre of Banská
Štiavnica in the direction of
Levice. Public transport is
infrequent.
7
Zuberec
Orava Village
Museum
Zuberec in the Orava
region is becoming more
and more well known.
People come here to ski
even late in the spring,
and for hiking and a folk
festival called Podroháčske
folklórne slávnosti in the
summer. In Brestová there
is an open-air museum,
the only in Slovakia to be
ZUBEREC
8
owned and administered
by the village of Zuberec.
You can travel here from
Dolný Kubín, but also from
the Liptov region through
Liptovské Matiašovce, via
Veľký and Malý Borov and
Huty.
There are several integral
parts to the Orava Village
Museum, representing the
housing, social and cultural
traditions of the region. A
town square from southern Orava (Dolnooravský
rínok) represents the
oldest settled part of the
region and its highlight is
a yeoman’s house from
Vyšný Kubín. The street
named Zamagurská ulica
is an example of a row of
cottages forming a street
beside a stream and it has
a number of interesting
buildings. Goralské lazy
presents the dwellings and
way of life of the shepherds living in scattered
homesteads on the northern slopes of the Beskid
mountains.
During summer the traditional rural crafts are the
dominating feature of the
museum. In July and August there are “craftsman’s
Wednesdays and Sundays”, when visitors can
watch a woman weaving,
a man carving a whistle
or a fujara, the traditional
musical instrument, while
they can also try out a potter’s wheel, some tinker’s
techniques and other
crafts. These programmes
illustrating different trades
include demonstrations of
the use of various buildings for mangling, pressing
oil from seeds or grinding
grain in a mill. Those who
can still remember the
old days in Orava villages
describe to visitors the
traditional methods for
processing plant fibres to
make linen and fleece to
make woollen cloth.
The Orava open-air museum can also be visited
when you are on your
winter holiday. Whereas
many outdoor museums
have limited opening times
in the winter and complain
of having too few visitors,
there is no such problem
in Zuberec. For several
seasons already winter
evening visits by torchlight
have been organised. This
interesting opportunity is
taken up by many holiday
skiers, who take advantage
of the snow-covered slopes
during the day and when
darkness falls they can
come to the museum. The good
news passes
around and
at 5 pm on
certain days a large
unorganised group
gathers inside the museum. The museum’s curator
in the traditional warm
woollen costume personally takes charge of them,
lending each visitor an
archaic wooden lamp with
a candle, so that they can
do the evening tour of the
village without coming to
harm. The visit ends in St.
Elizabeth’s chapel (Kostolík sv. Alžbety), which
has a beautiful wooden
Late Gothic ceiling painted
with floral designs. In an
atmosphere of peace
and wonder the visitors
can take in this beauty to
the accompaniment of a
Baroque organ. Finally
they all meet in a heated
wooden cottage to warm
themselves over a cup of
hot mead while listening to
lively folk music.
The museum also offers
accommodation.
Múzeum oravskej dediny
(Orava Village Museum)
Zuberec-Brestová
027 32 Zuberec
tel.: +421-43-539 51 49
The museum is under the
management of the Zuberec
Municipal Office:
Obecný úrad Zuberec
tel.: +421-43-539 51 03
e-mail: [email protected]
www.zuberec.sk
Services for visitors
All year round
- guided tours for booked
groups
- individual tours with a
textual guide in 10 languages
- refreshments in a traditional Koliba restaurant
Special events in the
winter season
Nativity plays
Seasonal
Sale of Trstená ceramics, craft products and
souvenirs
The opportunity to try
out a potter’s wheel
seum, followed by a drink
to the accompaniment of
folk music
April - Hej Máj zelený,
official opening of the
season and putting up
May poles
June - Múzeum deťom, a
programme for children
July - Oživené oravské
remeslá (Reviving
Orava’s Crafts)
August – Podroháčske
folklórne slávnosti (a folk
festival); Rozlúčka s letom
(Saying Goodbye to Summer)
Calendar of events
July – August
Every Wednesday demonstrations of craftsmanship
Religious services and
concerts in the Gothic
wooden church from
Zábrež
Calendar of events
January – March (every
Wednesday) - Večer
v múzeu – an evening
lamplight tour of the mu-
The museum is open
all year round
Opening hours
October – May
8.00 - 15.30
(daily except Monday)
June
8.00 - 17.00 daily
July – August
8.00 - 18.00 daily
September
8.00 - 17.00 daily
How to get there
By bus from Liptovský
Mikuláš in the direction of
Trstená, change in Zuberec
for a bus going to Zverovka. By train from Kraľovany,
change in Podbiel for a bus
going to Zuberec – Zverovka. By car from Kraľovany
via Dolný Kubín and Podbiel or from Ružomberok
via Bešeňová and Liptovské
Matiašovce.
9
Nitra
Bardejov
Slovak Agricultural
Museum
NITRA
The museum is open
all year round with
limited opening hours
in winter
Opening hours
1.4 – 31.10
Tuesday – Saturday
9.00 – 16.00
Sunday
10.00 – 16.00
1.11 – 30.3
Tuesday – Saturday
10.00 – 15.00
Sunday
13.00 – 16.00
How to get there
From the centre of town
by public transport buses,
individual transport to the
Agrokomplex site
10
Nitra’s Slovak Agricultural
Museum has its headquarters in the grounds of the
Agrokomplex trade fair.
Many of its visitors find it
most enjoyable during the
famous summer agricultural exhibition. That is the
time when the museum
really comes to life. The
exhibitions in the different
buildings are given a fresh
look and various activities
take place in the museum’s
open spaces, in order to
involve the largest possible
number of visitors. These
are in particular demonstrations of threshing grain
on a historical steam or
motor threshing machine,
while in the mill you can
see the processes involved
in turning grain into flour.
The enticing smell of fresh
bread wafts from the
museum’s bakery and few
visitors can resist tasting
it. The process of pressing
oil from various seeds and
fruits is also interesting
to watch. A screw press
over one hundred and
fifty years old can produce
eighteen litres of high-quality oil in eight hours. Oil
from hemp seeds was said
to be particularly good and
was added to sauerkraut
salads to give it a special
spicy flavour. In the Nitra
open-air museum you can
also see some true rarities
– a device for pressing
beeswax from honeycombs, historical beehives,
as well as dairy equipment
for processing milk. It is the
only museum that collects
and exhibits a wide range
of agricultural machines
– from simple ones driven
by human, animal, water
or wind power, to various
motor-driven machines.
Without doubt one of
the greatest attractions of
the museum is the narrow-gauge railway. It once
served a large 3400 hectare
estate in Želiezovce, where
its 64 kilometres of tracks
linked every farm to a
central station, the sugar
refinery and the mill and
served to transport tons of
crops, materials, animals
and people. Now reconstructed and restored to
working order, it transports
visitors to the museum and
throughout the whole of
the exhibition grounds.
Slovenské poľnohospodárske
múzeum v Nitre
(Slovak Agricultural Museum,
Nitra)
Dlhá 22,
950 50 Nitra
tel: +421-37-652 33 59, 657 25 53
Riaditeľstvo Slovenského
poľnohospodárskeho múzea
(Office of the Director
of the Agricultural Museum)
Areál Agrokomplex
950 50 Nitra
tel: +421-37-657 25 53
e- mail: [email protected]
www.agrokomplex.sk
Services for visitors
- guided tours
- special train rides with a
steam or diesel locomotive
- demonstrations of rural
crafts
- restoration of paintings,
statues, sculptures and
frames
- sale of souvenirs, booklets, brochures, etc.
- refreshments and meals
in restaurants near the
museum
Calendar of events
April - Veľká noc vo
zvykoch (Easter Customs);
Stavanie Mája (Putting up
the May pole and opening
the field railway)
May - Posviacka vinohradov (Blessing of the
Vineyards)
June - Deň detí (Children’s
Day); Včelárska nedeľa
(Beekeepers’ Sunday)
October - Ukončenie
návštevníckej sezóny (Official closing of the visiting
season)
Šariš Museum
A combination of spa
treatment, tourism and the
presentation of rescued
historical folk architecture
– that would be one way
to describe the exhibition
of the open-air museum in
Bardejov Spa (Bardejovské
Kúpele). It is the oldest exhibition of folk architecture
in Slovakia, open since the
summer season of 1965.
Nowadays it looks like an
“ethnopark”. In an area of
less than 2 hectares there
are 22 buildings showing
the skill of those who built
them from the north Šariš
and northeast Zemplín
regions.
It is a great experience
for the visitors to view
the museum’s oldest
restored building. This is
a little wooden Orthodox
church dated 1730 from
Mikulášová – Nikľová near
Bardejov, which was the
first building to be moved
here in 1926 – 1932. It has
an eye-catching tower,
topped by a Baroque roof
(a so-called “Italian hat”)
with polychrome
mouldings,
a balustrade and a painted
clock symbolically showing
eleven thirty. The church is
regularly used for religious
services. The second
church in the grounds of
the museum comes from
the village of Zboj in the
easternmost valley of
north-east Slovakia, on the
border with Ukraine and
Poland. It was built in 1706
and 260 years later was
transferred to the museum.
Visitors can learn more by
looking round the exhibition in the Rákóczi villa,
where there are exhibitions
of folk costumes, crafts
and techniques of home
production, as well as of
folk and religious art.
Services for visitors
- guided tours
- individual tours using the
information system
- sale of souvenirs, booklets, brochures, etc.
- guided tours of the
exhibition (every Saturday
at 9.30 )
- sightseeing tours of
Bardejov – tour of the
Bardejov urban heritage
site and the museum’s exhibitions (May-September,
every Saturday at 14.00 )
- refreshments in the
grounds of Bardejov Spa
Special events and services
on request
- performances by folk
song and dance ensembles
and folk music
Šarišské múzeum
- demonstrations of the
08631 Bardejovské Kúpele work of craftsmen and folk
tel.: +421-54-472 20 72
musicians
- excursions to the wooden
The open-air museum
churches in the grounds of
is part of the Šariš
Bardejov Spa
Museum:
Šarišské múzeum
Radničné námestie 13
085 01 Bardejov
tel./fax: +421-54 -472 49 66
e mail: [email protected]
www.muzeumbardejov.sk
Calendar of events
May – Deň remesiel
(Crafts Day)
June – Hrnčiarska nedeľa
(Potter’s Sunday)
July – Obec v skanzene
(The Village in the Museum); Prehliadka rusínskeho a šarišského folklóru
(Presentation of Ruthenian
and Šariš Folklore)
August – Matičná nedeľa
– a Sunday presentation of traditional songs,
customs and dances
performed by local
folklore ensembles
BARDEJOV
The museum is open
all year round
Opening hours
1.5 – 30.9
Monday
12.30 – 16.30
Tuesday – Sunday
9.30 – 12.00, 12.30 – 16.30
1.10 – 30.4
Tuesday – Sunday
9.30 – 12.00, 12.30 – 15.00
How to get there
Direct connections by coach
(including international lines)
to Bardejov Spa; local bus
services from the town of Bardejov.
Sufficient parking places for
individual transport.
11
Pribylina
Liptov
Village Museum
The Liptov Village Museum in Pribylina is the
only open-air museum in
Slovakia where you will
find not only traditional
folk architecture, but also
medieval stone buildings.
When tourists turn off the
motorway before Liptovský
Hrádok and go in the direction of Podbanské, their
PRIBYLINA
How to get there
The museum is situated
beyond the village of Pribylina
in the direction of Podbanské. Turn off the motorway at
Liptovský Hrádok. Also by bus
from Liptovský Hrádok, Liptovský Mikuláš and the High
Tatras (Vysoké Tatry).
12
attention is caught by the
tower of an Early Gothic
church among the trees
in the distance. For many
centuries it stood on a hill
in the village of Liptovská
Mara. It has been possible
to erect a faithful copy of
it, using all the original
architectural elements. In
the interior of the church
there are restored fragments of the original wall
paintings from the second
half of the 14th and 15th
centuries. The main features of the interior are the
Early Baroque pulpit, the
main and side altars, the
Renaissance benches and
the font.
The museum in Pribylina
looks like a little medieval
town and like many such
towns to be found in the
past in the Liptov region.
Apart from the wooden
houses of peasants
and craftsmen,
there were manor
houses belonging to
wealthy yeomen. In
Pribylina there is a
Gothic and Renaissance manor from
Parížovce, which
is the oldest yeoman’s residence
with an excellent ground
plan. Its
history is associated with
the last Sunday in May and
the name of King Matthias
the rearing of an original
Corvinus and his son John
breed of black sheep, it is
Corvinus, a Liptov duke
possible to buy a comwho used it as a huntbined ticket at a reduced
ing lodge. A reminder of
price so that you can also
these times can be seen in
visit a specialised Sheepan original wall painting
farming Exhibition in the
from the end of the 15th
Ethnographic Museum in
century, which depicts a
Liptovský Hrádok.
coat-of-arms with a rook
The upper part of the muthat belonged to King
seum grounds can boast
Matthias. In front of the
of a splendid exhibition of
manor there is a space for
a little old forest railway.
the gentry divided off from
The “Kačena” steam
the village by a wall, beside engine has been returned
which there is a pillory with to the museum after a
metal fetters and chains for general overhaul and it will
offenders. Under a small
no doubt be the museum’s
roof the symbol of a sword greatest attraction.
confirms the town’s right
to carry out executions. In Múzeum liptovskej dediny
the square there is a village (Liptov Village Museum)
magistrate’s house from
032 42 Pribylina
Liptovský Trnovec, a large tel.: +421-44-529 31 63
building which is a house The open-air museum
and farm building under
is part of the Liptov
one roof.
Museum:
The fascinating buildings
Liptovské
múzeum
and exceptional cultural
Š.N.Hýroša
10
and historical setting have
034
50
Ružomberok
attracted the makers of a
historical film, some scenes tel.: +421-44- 432 24 68
of which are being shot
fax: +421-44-432 24 69
in this open-air museum.
Národopisné múzeum
Thanks to them an interLiptovský Hrádok
esting inn has also been
(Liptovský Hrádok
added.
Ethnographic Museum)
The museum of the Liptov
Partizánska 153 ,
village is not intended to
033 01 Liptovský Hrádok
reflect just the culture of
tel/fax: +421-44-522 24 85
the landlords, so a new
e mail: narmuzeum@post.
feature has been added
– that of sheep farming. In www.liptovskemuzeum.sk
addition to showing how
the head shepherd lived,
the programme Ovčiarska
nedeľa (Shepherds’
Sunday) that takes places
every year on
Services for visitors
- guided tours
- sale of rural craft products, postcards, booklets,
brochures, etc.
- photography and filming
in the grounds and museum exhibitions
- horse riding
- refreshments in the
Humno snack bar
Special events and services on request
- demonstrations of rural
crafts and traditional production techniques and
processes
- school for rural crafts,
performances by folk
ensembles
- concerts in the Early
Gothic church and Renaissance manor
- demonstrations of historical combat and falconry
- tasting traditional dishes,
spirits, mead, wine and
cheeses in the Renaissance
manor
- corporate days, events
pre-booked by travel agencies
- civil and church wedding
ceremonies
Calendar of events
April – Sviatky jari (Spring
Festival)
May – Ovčiarska nedeľa Ovenálie 2006 (Shepherds’
Sunday)
July – Detská nedeľa (Children’s Sunday); S parou
na kolesách (entertaining
afternoon with the forest
railway); Nedeľa rodákov
(Compatriots’ Day)
July – August
Kuchyňa starých materí
(Sunday enhanced with
traditional Liptov boiled or
roasted dishes)
August – Remeselnícka
nedeľa (Craftsmen’s
Sunday); Včelárska nedeľa
(Beekeepers’ Sunday)
September – Nedeľa sv.
Huberta (St. Hubert’s
Sunday)
December – Mikuláš v
skanzene (St. Nicholas’
Day in the Museum),
Vianoce v Liptove
(Christmas in Liptov)
The museum is open
every day all year
round
1.11 – 30.4
9.00 – 15.30
(last admission 14.30)
1.5 – 30.6
9.00 – 16.30
(last admission 15.30)
1.7 – 15.9
9.00 – 18.30
(last admission 17.30)
16.9 – 31.12
9.00 – 16.00
(last admission 15.00)
13
Vychylovka
Kysuce Village
Museum
To visit the Kysuce Village
Museum you must turn
off the main road running from Žilina to Čadca
in Krásna nad Kysucou
and drive as far as Nová
Bystrica – Vychylovka.
However, once you reach
VYCHYLOVKA
your destination, you
will be entranced by
the beauty of the landscape and all that the
human hand has built
here. When choosing
the site for the museum,
its founders were influenced not only by the
local natural conditions,
but an important factor that helped them to
decide was the existence
of part of a historical
forest railway. The track
belonging to the museum
was constructed by joining two original forest
narrow-gauge railways
in the Kysuce and Orava
regions, which
used to transport timber
on the Lokca – Zakamenné – Oščadnica section
of the line. Many visitors
come here primarily to
see the railway. They are
not only interested in the
ingenious switchback
system used to cover an
elevation difference of
217.5 metres, by which the
wagons are alternately
pulled and pushed, but
they also want to experience a ride in a train
pulled by a steam or
diesel locomotive.
In the grounds of the
open-air museum covering about 40 hectares
there are five groups of
buildings,
which, together with the
and oats, other archaic
exhibited outbuildings,
crops are grown, for
illustrate the special feaexample, flax. Growing
tures of folk architecture
in the little fields there is
in the Kysuce region.
a strain of rye with small
The largest group is
grains that was an immade up of houses from
portant cereal in the diet
the villages of Riečnica
of forest labourers and
and Harvelka that no
lumberjacks.
longer exist, as they now Múzeum kysuckej dediny
lie beneath the waters
(Kysuce Village Museum)
of a reservoir. Visitors
023 05 Nová Bystrica
admire in particular the
– Vychylovka
massive doors to the
tel.: +421-41-439 72 19
houses, set in a right-an439 73 50
gled or archivolt portal
The exhibition of the
decorated with inscripopen-air museum is part
tions, dates, Christoof the Kysuce Museum:
grams, solar rosettes or
Kysucké múzeum
other signs.
Moyzesova 50
The Kysuce Village Mu022 01 Čadca
seum is the only opentel.: +421-41-432 13 86
air museum in Slovakia
fax: +421-41-433 52 90
that has several remote
e-mail:
hillside dwellings from
[email protected]
eastern Kysuce with the
authentic reconstructed www.kysuckemuzeum.sk
and working heating
Services for visitors
facilities. Throughout
- guided tours
the whole of the tourist
- sale of the railway museseason traditional dishes
um’s souvenirs, booklets,
are prepared in these
brochures, etc.
ovens for visitors to taste. - refreshments in a period
Simple flat cakes are the
pub from Korňa, specifavourite.
alities of traditional rural
One of the activities precuisine, also inside a
sented by the museum is
cottage in the exhibition
an example of three-field
(cabbage cakes, potato
crop rotation. Apart from
pancakes and other local
the traditional potatoes
specialities)
Calendar of events
May – Official opening
of the season; Spring
Customs; Jubilee Railway
– 80th anniversary of the
rail connection between
the Kysuce and Orava
regions.
June – Skanzen deťom
(Children’s Day at the
Museum); Od baču
syra, od gazdinej koláča
(Cheese from the Shepherd, Cakes from the
Housewife); the Kysuce
Village Museum’s 25th
birthday (traditional cuisine through to October);
Jánske zvyky na Kysuciach
(Midsummer Customs in
Kysuce)
July – Drevená nedeľa
(presentation of rural
artefacts from wood);
Orava, Orava (presentation by the village of
Oravská Lesná);
Hrajže mi muzička
(folk music); Hrnčiarska
nedeľa (Potters’ Sunday)
August – Jarmok
ľudových remesiel (Rural
Crafts Fair); Medonosná
včielka (Honey Bee);
Ospievané Beskydy – traditional family customs;
Drotárska nedeľa (Tinkers’ Sunday)
September – Poľovnícka
nedeľa (Hunters’ Sunday); Jeseň na dedine
(Autumn in the Village);
Vandrovné remeslá
(Wandering Trades)
October – Rozlúčka so
sezónou (Parting with the
Season)
Open daily
Monday – Friday
9.00 – 17.00
Saturday – Sunday
9.00 –18.00
The narrow-gauge forest
railway runs daily
Monday – Friday
9.00 – 17.00
diesel locomotive
Saturday – Sunday
9.00 – 18.00
steam locomotive
How to get there
By bus or private transport –
turn off the main Žilina – Čadca
road in Krásna nad Kysucou for
Nová Bystrica – Vychylovka. By
train from Čadca station, from
there by bus to Vychylovka.
14
15
Stará
Ľubovňa
Ľubovňa
Museum
IIn 1985 Ľubovnianske
múzeum, an outdoor
museum in a beautiful natural setting, was
opened to the public at the
STARÁ
ĽUBOVŇA
How to get there
The open-air museum is
situated at the foot of the
castle Ľubovniansky hrad,
next to the road to Prešov.
Bus services from the town
of Stará Ľubovňa.
16
foot of the medieval castle,
Ľubovniansky hrad. It is a
popular destination mainly
for visitors from Poland,
who also come to see the
nearby castle, which once
belonged to the Zámoyski
family. This year a medieval military camp will
be completed below the
castle, adding a further
attraction for tourists,
which may increase even
more the interest in the
open-air museum, where
some scenes from the epic
film being made about the
folk hero Juraj Jánošík have
been shot.
The outdoor ethnographic
exhibition of rural archi-
tecture and dwellings
shows the wealth of the
culture in the ethnically
mixed territory of northeast Spiš. Ten homes in
the museum illustrate the
various architectural styles
and different ground plans
that were typical in this
area until the beginning
of the 20th century. The
house with the simplest
and oldest ground plan
and characteristic of Ruthenian communities, had
two rooms, one for living
in and a “pitvor”, which
was a kind of anteroom
or simple entrance hall.
Houses divided into three
spaces, where the pitvor
was in between the living
room and a pantry and
the gable end of the house
faced the road, was most
usual in Slovak villages. A
house with a passageway
was characteristic of the
homes of Spiš Germans.
It differed from Slovak
houses in appearance,
construction and ground
plan. The Goral house
would face southwards,
extend widthwise and the
long side of the house
formed the façade. The
most noticeable feature of
the houses was the façade,
which is why people in the
past devoted particular
attention to their appearance. In particular there
was the underpinning wall,
which was adapted to the
configuration of the terrain. It was whitewashed
or painted bright blue, as
were the gaps between
the timbering. The gables
of the houses in the Spiš
region were reminiscent of
the Gothic style, regardless
of whether the village was
of German or Slovak origin.
A typical feature of the
exhibitions in the Ľubovňa
Open-air Museum is the
presentation of family life.
We are shown how feast
days and anniversaries
were celebrated and seasonal customs. The most
important events in people’s lives are illustrated,
such as the birth of a child,
a wedding, as well as the
death of a member of the
family. The dominating feature of the museum is the
wooden Greek-Catholic
Church of St. Michael the
Archangel, dating back to
1833, which was moved to
the exhibition site in 1979
and in 1991 was re-consecrated. Religious services
in Old Slavic are held here
on important days in the
church calendar.
Ľubovnianske múzeum
Zámocká 107,
064 01 Stará Ľubovňa
tel.: +421-52-432 24 22
432 20 30, 432 3982
fax: +421-52-432 23 02
The open-air museum
is part of the Ľubovňa
Museum:
Ľubovnianske múzeum
- Hrad
Zámocká 22
064 01 Stará Ľubovňa
e-mail:
[email protected]
www.muzeumsl.sk
Services for visitors
- guided tours
- photography and filming,
sale of souvenirs, booklets,
brochures, etc.
- meals and refreshments
in the museum’s facilities
Calendar of events
April – Official opening of
the summer tourist season
May – International Day of
Museums and Galleries
June – Hrad a skanzen
deťom (Children’s Day at
the Castle and Open-air
Museum)
July – Sviatok sv. Cyrila a
Metoda (Cyril and Methodius’ Day), Greek-Catholic
service in the amphitheatre
or in the wooden church in
the open-air museum
August – Folk Festival of
the national minorities
September – Múzeum
školám (programme for
schoolchildren)
October – Official closing of the summer tourist
season
The museum is open
daily all year round
Opening hours
1.5 – 30.9
9.00 – 18.00
1.10 – 30.4
10.00 – 15.00
17
Svidník
Open-air
Humenné
Vihorlat
Museum
Museum of
RuthenianUkrainian Culture
SVIDNÍK
The museum is open
all year round with
limited opening times
in winter
Opening hours
1.5 – 30.10
Monday - Friday
8.30 – 18.00
Saturday – Sunday
10.00 – 18.00
1.11 – 30.4
advance bookings only
How to get there
1 km from the centre of
town, 300 m from the main
road in the direction of
Bardejov
18
On the edge of the town
of Svidník, there is an interesting open-air museum
of Ruthenian-Ukrainian
culture set in an area of 10
hectares. People belonging
to this ethnic group live
in about 220 villages fairly
close to each other along
the Slovak-Polish border in
the north east of Slovakia.
Since 1975, when the first
building was moved to
the museum, about fifty
of them altogether have
been rebuilt on this site.
They are not just houses
for living in, but also
outbuildings and constructions such as a watermill, a
water-driven sawmill and
other smaller buildings
strung out along the banks
of a river.
The supreme examples
of the building skills and
artistic talent of the Ruthenian Ukrainians are their
wooden churches. There
are exactly ten of them
in the Ruthenian villages
around Svidník. One of the
most beautiful of these is
in the open-air museum
itself. It is a wooden church
from the village of Nová
Polianka (Mergeška) dated
1766, originally dedicated
to St. Paraskieva. The
building is divided into the
sanctuary, the nave and
standing space near the
entrance. The division of
the ground-plan into three
parts is emphasised on
the outside by the three
towers. The church has a
valuable mid 18th century
iconostas taken from the
village of Pravrovce. Other
rare icons are exhibited in
the Dezider Milly Gallery in
the centre of Svidník.
- demonstrations of traditional crafts
- recreation areas for visitors with children
Special events and services on request
- individual tours with a
guide
- ethnographic programmes
SNM – Múzeum ukrajinsko - programmes of authentic
folklore, customs associ– rusínskej kultúry
ated with family events and
(Museum of Rutheniananniversaries
Ukrainian Culture)
- family celebrations and
089 01 Svidník
social occasions in an attel.: +421-54-752 29 52
The museum is part of the tractive setting
- corporate occasions, sitSlovak National Museum
ting round a log fire
Centrálna 258
- christenings and wedding
089 01 Svidník
ceremonies in the wooden
tel.: +421-54-788 21 00-2
church of St. Paraskieva
fax: +421-54-788 21 02
e-mail: [email protected] - riding on horseback or in
a horse-drawn coach
www.muk.sk
Calendar of events
Národopisná expozícia
May – Official opening of
- skanzen
the summer season; Inter(Ethnographic exhibition
national Day of Museums
– open-air museum)
and Galleries
Nad Svidníckym
June – Deti deťom (From
amfiteátrom
Children for Children);
tel.: +421-54-752 29 52
Religious service in St. Paraskieva’s Church; Poklady
Services for visitors
ľudu (Folk Treasures – an
- guided tours
ethnographic programme)
- photography, filming and
September – Plody jesene
video recording
(Exhibition of fruits,
- sale of souvenirs, bookvegetables and flowers),
lets, brochures, etc.
Pirohy 2006 (international
- refreshments in a “draychampionships in makman’s pub”
ing traditional “pirohy”);
- religious services in the
Chodníkami A. Pavloviča
wooden church from 1766
(Following in the footsteps
of A. Pavlovič)
Vihorlatské múzeum
The upper Zemplín area,
in the north-eastern
corner of Slovakia, near
the borders with Poland
and Ukraine, is rich in
local cultural traditions
and the customs, dances
and songs can be seen
every year at folk festivals.
The wealth of the material
culture has been preserved
and presented in the Vihorlat Museum in Humenné,
which ever since 1960 has
had its home in a magnificent Renaissance manor
house dating back to 1641.
Next to the manor and
the adjoining park there
is an open-air museum.
It is attractive for visitors
not only because it is easy
to reach from the centre
of the town, but above all
because it is a monument
to traditional rural architecture. The first building
was moved to the museum
in 1970. This was a wooden
church – the Church of
St. Michael the Archangel
from Nová Sedlica, dating
back to the middle of the
18th century. The division
Expozícia ľudovej
of the ground
architektúry a bývania
plan into three areas is
emphasised on the outside (Vihorlat Museum
by its three cupolas. The Exhibition of Folk
Architecture and Housing)
beam over the entrance
bears the date of the build- Park mieru
ing – 1754. Similar churches 066 01 Humenné
have been preserved in a tel.: +421-57-775 22 40
number of the villages in The open-air museum is
the surroundings – Uličské part of the Vihorlat
Museum:
Krivé, Topoľa, Ruský
Potok, Kalná Roztoka and Vihorlatské múzeum
Hrabová Roztoka. All these Námestie slobody 1
religious timber buildings 066 01 Humenné
tel./ fax: +421-57-775 22 40
have their own original
e mail: [email protected]
constructional design,
interior decoration and
Services for visitors
social significance and
- guided tours
are therefore part of our
- photography and filming
cultural heritage and pro- sale of souvenirs and
tected as national cultural
the museum’s booklets,
monuments.
brochures, etc.
Other buildings are among - meals and refreshments
the attractions of the muse- available in Humenné’s
um. Apart from the houses catering facilities
where people lived and
Calendar of events
their nearby outbuildings,
May – International Day of
there is a mill from Vyšná
Museums
Jablonka, a blacksmith’s
June – Detská nedeľa (Chilforge from Nechvaľová
Polianka, or a house with a dren’s Sunday)
July – Insita - rezbársky
potter’s workshop that beplenér (Naïve art – woodlonged to Master Halamka
carving out-of-doors);
from Snina.
Medová nedeľa (Honey
Sunday)
August – Deň sv. Huberta
(St. Hubert’s Day)
HUMENNÉ
The exhibition is open
during the tourist
season
Opening hours
1.5 – 31.10
Monday – Sunday
9.00 – 18.00
(out of season the museum
is opened for pre-booked
visits)
How to get there
The open-air museum is
approx. 300 m from the
Vihorlat Museum, which
is in a Renaissance manor
house north-east of Park
mieru in the centre of the
town of Humenné
19
Slovak Tourist Board offices abroad
© Slovak Tourist Board
Slovenská agentura pro cestovní ruch
Jilská 16, 110 00 Praha 1, Česká republika
Tel.: +420 2 249 46 082, Fax: +420 2 249 46 082
e-mail: [email protected]
Slovenská agentúra pre cestovný ruch
Nám. Ľ. Štúra 1, P.O.Box 35
974 05 Banská Bystrica, Slovenská republika
Tel: +421 48 413 61 46, Fax: +421 48 413 61 49
e-mail: [email protected], www.slovakiatourism.sk
Narodowe Centrum Turystyki Slowackiej
ul. Krakowskie Przedmiescie 13 pok.17
00-071 Warszawa, Polska
Tel.: +48 22 827 00 09, Fax: +48 22 827 00 09
e-mail: [email protected]
Slowaaks Verkeersbureau
WTC Amsterdam, Strawinskylaan 623
1077 XX Amsterdam, Nederland
Tel.: +31 20 575 2181, Fax: +31 20 575 2182
e-mail: [email protected]
www.slowaaks-verkeersbureau.nl
Словацкое управление по туризму
Посольство Словцкой Республики
Ул. Фучика 17/19, 123 056 Москва, Российская Федерация
Тел.: 007 495 251 76 31, Факс: 007 495 251 76 45
e-mail: [email protected]
Slovakische Zentrale für Tourismus
Prinz-Eugen-Str. 70, Stiege 2, 1.Stock
1040 Wien, Österreich
Tel.: +43 1 513 9569, Fax: +43 1 513 9763
e-mail: [email protected]
Slowakische Zentrale für Tourismus
Vertretung Deutschland
Zimmerstrasse 27, 10969 Berlin, Deutschland
Tel.: +49 30 25 94 26 40, Fax: +49 30 25 94 26 41
e-mail: [email protected]
e-mail: [email protected]
Ministry of Economy SR
Governing body for the Sector Operational Programme
Industry and Services
Mierová 19, 827 15 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
e-mail: [email protected]
www.economy.gov.sk
Published with the support of the European Union
Branch office Bratislava
Záhradnícka 153, P.O. Box 97
820 05 Bratislava 25, Slovenská republika
Tel: +421 2 507 00 801, Fax: +421 2 555 71 649
e-mail: [email protected], www.slovakiatourism.sk
Regional office
Reimannova 9
080 01 Prešov
Tel./fax: +421 51 756 03 61
e-mail: [email protected], www.slovakiatourism.sk
Editorial board
Silvia Šuleková Kolláriková (chairperson)
Kamila Hanáková
Daniel Kollár
Viera Dvořáková
Gabriela Užovičová
Robert Bunča
Editor -in-chief
Bedrich Schreiber
Photographs
BoArt, M. Eliáš, A. Jiroušek, A. Vojček
Graphic layout and publishing
REMARK/CMA s.r.o.
Rozmarínová 31, 821 04 Bratislava
Tel.: +421 2 434 153 60-62, Fax: +421 2 434 153 59
www.remark.sk
English translation
Heather Trebatická
Volume XL/2
RČ MK 6/47