docRanunculaceae Berberidaceae Papaveraceae
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Ranunculaceae Berberidaceae Papaveraceae
3/8/2010 Ranunculales 7 families 3490 species Ranunculaceae Berberidaceae Papaveraceae Eupteleaceae Menispermaceae Go Native William Tanneberger Kruipende Boterbloem 1 3/8/2010 Papaveraceae Ranunculales 40 Genera 770 species 7 families 3490 species Mainly north temperate. Many cultivated and medicinal plants, especially Papaver somniferum (opium). Mostlyy herbs,, some soft wooded shrubs. With milky or colored latex in ‘lactifers’. Leaves alternate, simple to compound. Typically with pinnate venation. Predominantly herbaceous habit. Toothed to lobed to compound palmately veined leaves. Presence of alkaloids. Hypogynous flowers with many stamens and typically distinct carpels. missouriplants.org Go Native William Tanneberger Kruipende Boterbloem robsplants Papaveraceae Papaveraceae 40 Genera 770 species 25 Genera 200 species Showy, bisexual flowers. Calyx of 2-3 deciduous sepals. Corolla of 4-6 4 6 or 88-12 12 petals in two series series. Petals often ‘crumpled’. Numerous stamens in several whorls. Picacho Peak State Park Capsules opening by valves or pores. Many small seeds per capsule. Rick Swartz Gynoecium of 2-many fused carpels. Superior. Fruit a capsule. p Rick Swartz Steven Buchan 2 3/8/2010 Sanguinaria canadensis bloodroot Papaveraceae Only native Papaveraceae species in Maryland 6 non-native genera. Eastern Tennessee State University JoJan James Dean Design Invasive species introduced from Eurasia. Chelidonium majus greater celendine Papaveraceae Ranunculaceae 62 genera, 2525 species Herbs (mostly) rarely vines (Clematis) or shrubs. Leaves typically lobed or compound, lacking stipules stipules. Leaves alternate in all genera except Clematis. Flowers typically perfect (having both male and female parts); Clematis often has separate male and female flowers. Sepals resemble petals in some species. 4-numerous. When sepals Wh l andd petals t l are differentiated, they are in 5’s. Many anthers. Typically many separate carpels in one flower, each with only one ovule. Special nectar producing structures called nectaries. Kruipende Boterbloem 3 3/8/2010 A few examples… Ranunculaceae Delphinium Ranunculus 62 genera, 2525 species Flowers often single and terminal. Radially or bilaterally symmetrical. Gynoecium superior. C Carpels l usually ll distinct. di ti t Fruit usually an aggregate of follicles or achenes; rarely a berry. Thalictrum Niche Gardens 16 Ranunculaceae genera in Maryland Aquilegia Hydrastis canadensis goldenseal Ranunculaceae Herbaceous perennial. Sepals fall early; no petals. When in bloom, flowers only have stamens and carpels. Palmately lobed leaves. A popular medicinal plant Listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). Grows under much of deciduous forest canopies throughout southern and eastern seaboard in the U.S. and north into Canada. Ranunculus ficaria lesser celendine Ranunculaceae Mandy Tu Invasive species introduced from Eurasia. Plant Conservation Alliance J.R. Crellin Les Mehrhof Les Mehrhof 4 3/8/2010 Clematis virginiana virgin’s bower Ranunculaceae Clematis ochroleuca curly heads Ranunculaceae Derek Ramsey missouriplants.org L fl 3 or 2. Leaflets 2 Leaflets with coarse sharp teeth . Leaflets 3 or 2. Entire to lobed. missouriplants.org Flowers in panicles. Derek Ramsey Flowers solitary. David G. Smith Clematis viorna leather flower, vasevine Ranunculaceae Patrick Coin Clematis terniflora sweet autumn clematis Ranunculaceae Jeanne Frett Northeast Ohio Native Plant Society Leaflets 3-7, with 2-3 lobes. Flowers solitary on long peduncle. Seneca Hill Perennials 5 3/8/2010 Clematis terniflora Berberidaceae Berberidaceae 15 Genera 650 species 15 Genera 650 species Shrubs or perennial herbs. Leaves simple or odd-pinnately compound. Plants often spiny p y Leaves often spiny-toothed. Inner bark and wood commonly yellow. University of Connecticut Flowers bisexual, radially symmetrical. Parts most often in 6’s (can be 4-numerous). Petals often secrete nectar. Stamens 6, usually opposite the petals. Anthers open by 2 flaps at base. Single superior carpel. Fruit a berry. University of Connecticut 6 3/8/2010 Podophyllum peltatum mayapple Berberidaceae Perennial herb in rich moist woods. Jeffersonia diphylla twinleaf Berberidaceae Typically on limestone. Common perennial herb in moist woods Relatively infrequent in Maryland. More common in piedmont and mountainous t i regions i than th on coastal plain Stephen Baskauf James Henderson James T. Powell Stephen Baskauf U. of Connecticut Berberis Woody plants Spiny vegetation One Berberis species native in MD -- in the Appalachian Mountains. Berberis canadensis American barberry Berberidaceae Low shrub in dry woodlands and open fields. Mahonia Berberis julianae wintergreen barberry U. of Connecticut Berberis ×gladwynensis ‘William Penn’ William Penn barberry Pinnately compound leaves Michelle St. Sauveur Alan Cressler 7 3/8/2010 Berberis thunbergii Japanese barberry Berberidaceae • Put in figure 9.1 from text University of Connecticut University of Connecticut Invasive in eastern North America 8
