Fuze Modelling - Defence Research Reports

Canadian Fuze Program
F. Côté and E. Gagnon
TTCP TP-7 Workshop on Fuzes
Kansas City, MO, 14 May 2010
Defence Research and
Development Canada
Recherche et développement
pour la défense Canada
Canada
Presentation Plan
• Self-destruct device
• Fuze modelling
• Course correction fuzing (CCF)
Defence R&D Canada
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RIGHTTRAC Technology Demonstration Program
Green/IM propellant
More reliable fuzing system
with self destruct mechanism
Fuze
Green/IM explosive
Objective:
•
RIGHTTRAC TD will demonstrate that green and IM
munitions have better properties than current munitions and
that it is feasible to implement a solution that would ease the
environmental pressure on CF ranges and training areas
(RTAs), and decrease the health hazards for the users.
Defence R&D Canada
• R & D pour la défense Canada
Fuze Sub-System
Objective:
• Develop of a self-destruct capability to current artillery fuzing system
in case of a failure of the primary fuze (due to operator handling or soft
impacts or age-related failures).
• Implementation of the self-destruct device (SDD) in the existing
C32A1 multi-options fuze for artillery (MOFA).
• SDD located in booster cup
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Main Components of Self-Destruct Device
• Piezo-generator instead of a
battery
• Low Energy Exploding Foil
Initiator (LEEFI) as a detonator
• MEMS accelerometer
• Microcontroller
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Fuze Project Status
•
Technical Assistance Agreement (TAA) approved by U.S.
State department allowing GD-OTS to work with Perkin
Elmer
•
Main circuit components were delivered (sensors, Blue chip
detonator, etc.)
•
Preliminary drawings were made to verify available space
and possible configurations inside the fuze
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Precision Effects Chain Analytical
Framework , PRA 13ni
Clients: CFAWC/AFEC
Project Manager: M Lauzon
Delivery by: DRDC Valcartier,
Start-End: April 2008 – March 2011
Outputs and Deliverables:
• Demonstrated analytical framework (DSTO
Objectives:
WSAF)
• Final report
• Develop analytical framework(CapDEM,DSTO
• Weapon analysis capability requirements,
WSAF)
status, gaps and roadmap
• Precision weapons analysis M&S reqts, gaps,
• Current & proposed EC concepts, trade,
investment plan, implementation
sensitivity analyses
• Precision effect chain analysis M&S reqts, gaps, • Objective precision effect chain M&S capability
investment plan, implementation
Desired Outcome:
• Trade-off analysis of future (5-10yr) effect chains “Improved ability to analyze, characterize and
concepts, and benefits re. current
manage
effect
chains •forR &precision
targeting
Defence
R&D Canada
D pour la défense
Canada and
engagement of critical targets in challenging
environments”
Fuze Modelling
RF Seeker & Fuze
• Populate our M&S framework with various fuze models
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• Use of KTA 7-17 architecture to implement seeker and fuze models
Fuze Modelling (cont’d)
Geometry
rc
RCS Prediction
Radar trajectory
Pirates (Dstl)
Target
lc
Modified PO
+30 m
xc
Closest point
of approach
zc
0m
yr
xr
Radar position
Angle between cylinder
and trajectory
-50 m
Distance from CPA (m)
•
Use of near-field radar signatures
•
Use of ellipsoid vulnerability model (KTA 7-12) for
quick analysis and SLAMS for detailed analysis
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12qj - Concepts for Artillery
Precision Guided Munitions
DRDC Valcartier
Project duration: April 2006 – March 2010
Sponsor: DLR 2 under TAG ACT 12qj
Objectives:
Key outcomes:
• Develop a modeling and experimentation
environment that enable APGM concept
evaluation and trade-off studies on sub-155mm
munitions.
• In-depth knowledge on guidance and autopilot
software development for a state-of-the-art
GPS/IMU device.
• Predict optimized APGM configuration and
quantify inter-relationships between the
components, sources of error and system
performance.
• Catalog of airframe and control surface
concepts for a family of APGM concepts.
• Development of precision guided gun-launched
projectile concepts with associated
performance predictions.
Defence R&D warhead
Canada • concepts.
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• Directional
Example of Course Correction Fuzes
1-DOF Concepts
SPACIDO
LCCM
2-DOF Concepts
Projectile with CCF
United Defense CCF
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Course-Correction-Fuze Concepts Study
•
Roll-Decoupled CCF with Canards
•
CCF with a Drag Brake
•
CCF with a Spin Brake
•
All these CCF concepts were driven with continuous feedback
guidance and control
•
External dynamic forces were determined and applied on the
projectile nose
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Guidance and Control Functions
• Roll-Decoupled CCF with Canards
Projectile x-position
Expected
y and z-position
+
Guidance
-
Expected pitch
and yaw rates
qn* , rn*
+
+
Control
Fy* , Fz*
Airframe
Projectile pitch and yaw rates q* and r*
Projectile y and z-position
ƒ Only some points of the reference ballistic profiles need to be stored in
the CCF computer at launch.
ƒ These points are interpolated in flight with piecewise cubic splines to
generate the complete profiles.
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Guidance and Control Functions
• CCF with a Drag Brake
Projectile flown time
Expected covered
distance
Expected
velocity
+
Guidance
-
Vn +
+
Control
Fx
Airframe
³
Projectile velocity V
Projectile covered distance h
ƒ Only some points of the reference ballistic profiles need to be stored in
the CCF computer at launch.
ƒ These points are interpolated in flight with piecewise cubic splines to
generate the complete profiles.
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Guidance and Control Functions
• CCF with a Spin Brake
Projectile x-position
Projectile flown time
Expected
y-position
+
Guidance
-
Expected
roll rate
pn
+
+
Control
Fs
Airframe
Projectile roll rate p
Projectile y-position
ƒ Only some points of the reference ballistic profiles need to be stored in
the CCF computer at launch.
ƒ These points are interpolated in flight with piecewise cubic splines to
generate the complete profiles.
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Simulation Results
Muzzle velocity
Std = 2m/s
Azimuth & Elevation
Std = 0.5 mils
Wind velocities
Std = 2m/s
All sources
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•Miss distances
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•200 rounds on each graph
Simulation Results (cont’d)
Muzzle velocity
Std = 2m/s
Azimuth & Elevation
Std = 0.5 mils
Wind velocities
Std = 2m/s
All sources
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•Miss distances
• R & D pour la défense Canada
•200 rounds on each graph
Simulation Results (cont’d)
PE of the CCF concepts studied without actuator saturation limit.
Longitudinal PE (m)
Lateral PE (m)
No CCF
CCF with drag brake
CCF with spin brake
CCF with drag brake and spin brake
Roll-decoupled CCF + four canards
Roll-decoupled CCF + four canards + drag brake
Perturbations
Muzzle
velocity
Gun
orientation
Wind
All
25.53
0.0001
1.65
0.0001
25.57
0.008
1.65
0.0001
26.82
0.04
3.36
0.0005
1.53
6.50
2.81
6.50
1.65
1.25
2.85
1.33
0.05
0.23
0.02
0.23
75.79
53.64
3.04
53.94
75.55
1.86
4.04
1.53
73.96
20.57
4.67
20.57
79.56
53.84
4.41
53.96
79.49
2.26
5.10
2.07
78.33
20.53
5.78
20.57
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Summary of the simulation results
•
Course correction fuzes provide an effective solution for
munition control.
•
Meteorological conditions (wind) can have a high effect on
the projectile dispersion at impact.
•
A CCF combining the drag and spin brakes was found to be a
better overall choice than the other configurations studied.
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Future CCF work
• To perform an extensive study to determine the
correction capacity and the critical source of
dispersion by varying:
– Nominal firing conditions (muzzle velocity,
gun elevation, range & bearing disturbances)
– Wind conditions (headwind and crosswind)
– Guidance delay
– Gun orientation
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Conclusion
• Development of a self-destruct device
• Development of M&S fuze models
• Extensive study underway to determine the
correction capacity and the critical sources of
dispersion of CCF concepts
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