Jay Jamali - NFPA 70E

2015 NFPA 70E
Arc Flash Overview
Presented by:
Jay Jamali, CSP, CHMM, CHCM
Enviro Safetech
408-943-9090
2160 Oakland Road
San Jose, CA 95131
www.envirosafetech.com
Causes
3-2015
SLIDE-2
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Arc Flash
SLIDE-3
3-2015
35,000 °F
Molten Metal
Pressure Waves
Sound Waves
Shrapnel
Copper Vapor:
Solid to Vapor
Expands by
67,000 times
Hot Air-Rapid Expansion
Intense Light
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NFPA 70E
3-2015
SLIDE-4
•  OSHA requested National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
to develop a Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace
(70E) which requires:
–  Electrical Safety Program (ESP)
•  Electrical safety procedures
•  Electrical preventative maintenance program
–  Training and job briefing
–  Risk assessment
•  Shock and arc boundary
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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Lock Out Tag Out (LOTO)
Emergency procedures
Contractors, house keeping
Labeling
Energized work permit
Illumination, testing, audit
Special equipment, insulated tools and barriers
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NFPA 70E
3-2015
SLIDE-5
•  This standard applies to hazards associated with electrical
energy during activities such as:
–  Installation (conductors and equipment that connect to the supply of
electricity)
–  Inspection,
–  Operation,
–  Maintenance, and
–  Demolition of electric conductors, electric equipment, signaling and
communications conductors and equipment,
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Risk Assessment
3-2015
SLIDE-6
•  The risk assessment starts with a survey of the facility’s
electrical system, beginning at the electrical utility, then the
electrical service, the main distribution system(s), all panel
boards, all disconnect switches, motors of 50 horsepower and
larger, onsite generators, capacitors and the wiring.
–  Accurate one-line drawings of the electrical system are needed to
perform the risk assessment:
–  The maximum possible fault currents must be calculated throughout the
system.
–  Locations where arc faults are possible should be identified.
–  Generate a hazard label in accordance with NFPA 70E and ANSI and
permanently attach to electrical equipment.
–  The risk assessment must be documented.
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Risk Assessment
3-2015
SLIDE-7
•  The arc flash risk assessment shall be updated when a major
modification or renovation takes place.
–  It shall be reviewed periodically, not to exceed 5 years to account for
changes in the electrical distribution system that could affect the results
of the arc flash risk assessment.
•  Software is available to perform calculations to determine the
arc hazard and develop boundaries and specify level of PPE.
–  Smartphone ap: ArcBlast Calculator (free)
–  Computer software: www.easypower.com
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Program
3-2015
SLIDE-8
•  NFPA 70E requires the employer to implement and document
an overall Electrical Safety Program (ESP) that directs activity
appropriate to the risk associated with electrical hazards.
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Identify and minimize the hazard
Training
Labels
Inspection
Maintenance
Plan every job and document first-time procedures
De-energize,
Protect the employee from shock, burn, blast (PPE)
Insulated tools
Voltage testers
Audit
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Procedure
3-2015
SLIDE-9
•  The ESP shall identify the procedures to be utilized before work
is started by employees exposed to an electrical hazard.
•  The ESP shall include a risk assessment procedure that
addresses employee exposure to electrical hazards.
•  The procedure shall identify the process to be used by the
employee before work is started to carry out the following:
–  Identify hazards
–  Assess risks
–  Implement risk control according to a hierarchy of methods
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Procedure
3-2015
SLIDE-10
•  ESP procedures can include, but are not limited to, the
following:
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Purpose of task
Qualifications and number of employees to be involved
Hazardous nature and extent of task
Limits of approach
Safe work practices to be used
PPE involved
Insulating materials and tools involved
Special precautionary techniques
Electrical diagrams
Equipment details
Sketches/pictures of unique features
Reference data
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Training
3-2015
SLIDE-11
•  NFPA 70E requires safety training for employees who face a
risk of electrical hazard that is not reduced to a safe level by the
electrical installation. Said employees shall be trained:
–  To understand the specific hazards associated with electrical energy.
–  In safety-related work practices which provide protection from the
electrical hazards.
–  To identify and understand the relationship between electrical hazards
and possible injury.
•  The degree of training provided shall be determined by the risk
to the employee.
•  The training shall be classroom or on-the-job type, or a
combination of the two.
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Training
3-2015
SLIDE-12
•  Employees exposed to shock hazards shall be trained in
methods of safe release of victims from contact with exposed
energized electrical conductors.
•  Employees responsible for responding to medical emergencies
shall be trained in first aid, CPR and emergency procedures.
–  Refresher training shall occur annually.
•  The electrical safety program shall be designed to provide an
awareness of the potential electrical hazards to employees who
work in an environment with the presence of electrical hazards.
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Training
3-2015
SLIDE-13
•  Employees responsible for responding to medical emergencies
shall be trained in the use of an Automated External
Defibrillator (AED) if an employer’s emergency response plan
includes the use of this device.
–  Refresher training shall occur annually.
•  Employees are to be trained on how to remove the source of
electricity and notify 911.
•  Employers shall verify at least annually that employee training
is current.
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Training
3-2015
SLIDE-14
•  A qualified person shall be trained and knowledgeable of the
construction and operation of equipment or a specific work
method and be trained to recognize and avoid the electrical
hazards that might be present with respect to that equipment or
work method.
–  Such persons shall also be familiar with the proper use of the special
precautionary techniques, applicable electrical policies and procedures,
PPE, insulating and shielding materials, and insulated tools and test
equipment.
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Training
3-2015
SLIDE-15
•  Qualified persons permitted to work within the limited approach
boundary of exposed energized electrical conductors operating
at 50 volts or more shall, at a minimum, be trained in all of the
following:
–  Skills and techniques necessary to distinguish exposed energized
electrical conductors from other parts of electrical equipment
–  Skills and techniques necessary to determine the nominal voltage of
exposed energized electrical conductors
–  Approach distances specified in NFPA 70E and the corresponding
voltages to which the qualified person will be exposed
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Training
3-2015
SLIDE-16
•  Qualified person training shall include training on decisionmaking process necessary to be able to do the following:
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Perform the job safety planning
Identify electrical hazards
Assess the associated risk
Select the appropriate risk control methods from the hierarchy of
controls, including PPE
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Training
3-2015
SLIDE-17
•  Employees shall be trained to select an appropriate test
instrument and shall demonstrate how to use a device to verify
the absence of voltage, including interpreting indications
provided by the device.
–  The training shall include information that enables the employee to
understand all limitations of each specific test instrument that might be
used.
•  Tasks that are performed less often than once per year shall
require retraining before the performance of the work practices
involved.
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Training
3-2015
SLIDE-18
•  The employer shall determine, through regular supervision or
through inspections conducted on at least an annual basis, that
each employee is complying with the safety-related work
practices required by this standard.
•  Retraining shall be performed at intervals not to exceed 3
years.
•  The employer shall document that each employee has received
the training.
–  This documentation shall be made when the employee demonstrates
proficiency in the work practices involved and shall be maintained for the
duration of the employee’s employment.
–  The documentation shall contain the content of the training, each
employee’s name, and dates of training.
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Training
3-2015
SLIDE-19
•  Retraining in safety-related work practices and applicable
changes in this standard shall be performed at intervals not to
exceed three years.
•  An employee shall receive additional training (or retraining) if
any of the following conditions exists:
–  The supervision or annual inspections indicate that the employee is not
complying with the safety-related work practices.
–  New technology, new types of equipment, or changes in procedures
necessitate the use of safety-related work practices that are different
from those that the employee would normally use.
–  The employee must employ safety-related work practices that are not
normally used during his or her regular job duties.
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Qualified Person
3-2015
SLIDE-20
•  This standard defines a qualified person as one who has skills
and knowledge related to the construction and operation of the
electrical equipment and installations and has received safety
training to recognize and avoid the hazards involved.
–  Unqualified persons shall not be permitted to approach nearer than the
limited approach boundary of energized conductors.
•  Where there is a need for an unqualified person to cross the
limited approach boundary, a qualified person shall advise them
of the possible hazards and continuously escort the unqualified
person while inside the limited approach boundary.
–  Under no circumstance shall the escorted unqualified person be
permitted to cross the restricted approach boundary.
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Qualified Person
3-2015
SLIDE-21
•  Only qualified persons following the requirements for working
inside the restricted approach boundary shall be permitted to
defeat or bypass an electrical safety interlock over which the
person has sole control, and then only temporarily while the
qualified person is working on the equipment.
•  Employees who perform maintenance on electrical equipment
and installations shall be qualified persons.
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Shock & Arc Boundaries
3-2015
SLIDE-22
SLID
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Shock Boundary
3-2015
SLIDE-23
•  Limited Approach Boundary:
–  An approach limit at a distance from an exposed energized electrical
conductor within which a shock hazard exists.
•  Restricted Approach Boundary:
–  An approach limit at a distance from an exposed energized electrical
conductor within which there is an increased risk of shock, due to
electrical arc-over combined with inadvertent movement, for personnel
working in close proximity to the energized electrical conductor.
•  NOTE: Prohibited approach boundary has been DELETED
from 2015 NFPA 70E.
•  Shock boundaries apply only if employees are exposed to
energized electrical conductors.
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Shock Boundary
3-2015
SLIDE-24
•  Unqualified persons shall not be permitted to approach nearer
than the limited approach boundary of energized conductors.
•  Where unqualified persons are working at or close to the limited
approach boundary, the designated person in charge of the work space
where the electrical hazard exists shall advise the unqualified persons of
the electrical hazard and warn them to stay outside of the limited
approach boundary.
•  The shock protection boundaries and the arc flash boundary
are independent of each other.
–  In certain instances, the arc flash boundary might be a greater distance
from the energized electrical conductor than the limited approach
boundary.
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Shock Boundary
3-2015
SLIDE-25
•  Qualified persons shall not approach or take any conductive
object closer to exposed energized electrical conductors
operating at 50 volts or more, than the restricted approach
boundary set forth in NFPA 70E, unless :
–  The qualified person is insulated or guarded from the energized electrical
conductors or
–  The energized electrical conductors are insulated from the qualified
person and from any other conductive object at a different potential.
•  To cross the restricted approach boundary and enter the
restricted space, qualified persons must do the following:
–  Have a plan that is documented and approved by management
–  Use PPE that is appropriate for working near exposed energized
conductors and is rated for the voltage and energy level involved
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Shock Boundary
3-2015
SLIDE-26
•  Where there is a need for an unqualified person(s) to cross the
limited approach boundary, a qualified person shall advise them
of the possible hazards and continuously escort the unqualified
persons while inside the limited approach boundary.
–  Under no circumstance shall escorted unqualified persons be permitted
to cross the restricted approach boundary.
•  The following tables are used to determine the limited and
restricted approach boundaries for AC and DC currents:
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Boundary
3-2015
3-20
32015
20
15
SLIDE-27
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Arc Flash Boundary
3-2015
SLIDE-28
•  The arc flash boundary shall be
the distance at which the
incident energy equals 1.2
calories per centimeter squared
(second degree burn).
–  The following table shall be used to
determine the arc flash boundary:
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Arc Flash Boundary
3-2015
SLIDE-29
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Arc Flash Boundary
3-2015
SLIDE-30
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PPE
3-2015
SLIDE-31
•  Where it has been determined that work will be performed
within the arc flash boundary, PPE shall be selected based on
the incident energy exposure of the worker by either:
–  Calculating the incident energy or
–  Using NFPA 70E PPE table
•  2015 NFPA 70E has deleted PPE HRC 0 because the PPE
table should only show requirements where arc-rated clothing
was required.
–  HRC 0 would mean the worker was outside the arc flash boundary and
did not need arc-rated PPE.
•  ALL AR clothing is Flame Resistant (FR), but not all FR clothing
are Arc Rated.
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PPE
3-2015
SLIDE-32
•  Clothing consisting of fabrics, zipper tapes, and findings made
from flammable synthetic materials that melt at temperatures
below 600°F shall not be used. Example:
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Acetate,
Acrylic,
Nylon,
Polyester,
Polyethylene,
Polypropylene, and
Spandex,
Either alone or in blends.
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Face Protection
3-2015
SLIDE-33
•  Face shields shall have an arc rating
suitable for the arc flash exposure.
–  Face shields with a wraparound guarding to
protect the face, chin, forehead, ears, and neck
area shall be used.
–  Face shields without an arc rating shall not be
used.
–  Eye protection (safety glasses or goggles) shall
always be worn under face shields or hoods.
•  Most arc rated faceshields are tinted and
can reduce visual acuity and color
perception.
–  Additional illumination of the task area might be
necessary when these types of arc protective
face shields are used.
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Head Protection
3-2015
SLIDE-34
•  An arc-rated balaclava shall be used
with an arc-rated faceshield when the
back of the head is within the arc flash
boundary.
–  An arc-rated hood shall be permitted to be
used instead of an arc-rated faceshield and
balaclava.
•  An arc-rated hood shall be used when
the anticipated incident energy
exposure exceeds 12 cal/cm2 .
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Hand Protection
3-2015
SLIDE-35
•  Hand and arm protection shall be worn
where there is possible exposure to arc
flash burn.
•  Employees shall wear rubber insulating
gloves with leather protectors and
rubber insulating sleeves where there is
a danger of hand and or arm injury from
electric shock due to contact with
energized electrical conductors.
•  Rubber insulating gloves shall be rated
for the voltage for which the gloves will
be exposed.
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Hand Protection
3-2015
SLIDE-36
•  Gloves are assigned class and color code based on rating.
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Glove Inspection
3-2015
SLIDE-37
•  Insulating electrical gloves shall be
inspected daily.
•  Daily inspection includes a visual
inspection and an air test prior to use.
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PPE
3-2015
SLIDE-38
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•  Electrical protective
equipment shall be
subjected to periodic
electrical tests.
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PPE
3-2015
SLIDE-39
•  Where it has been determined that work will be performed
within the arc flash boundary, PPE shall be selected based on
the incident energy exposure of the worker (in calories per
square centimeter).
–  The incident energy exposure level shall be based on the distance of the
employee’s face and chest from the arc source for the specific task to be
performed.
•  The following NFPA 70E tables list tasks that require PPE and
which do not.
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PPE Required
3-2015
SLIDE-40
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PPE
3-2015
SLIDE-41
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PPE
3-2015
SLIDE-42
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PPE
3-2015
SLIDE-43
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PPE Category 1
3-2015
SLIDE-44
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PPE Category 2
3-2015
SLIDE-45
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PPE Category 3
3-2015
SLIDE-46
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PPE Category 4
3-2015
SLIDE-47
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Analysis Required
3-2015
SLIDE-48
•  An incident energy analysis shall be required for the following
(tables cannot be used):
–  Tasks not listed in NFPA 70E
–  Power systems with greater than the estimated maximum available
short-circuit current
–  Power systems with longer than the maximum fault clearing times
–  Tasks with less than the minimum working distance
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Job Briefing
3-2015
SLIDE-49
•  Before starting each job, the employee in charge shall conduct
a job briefing with the employees involved.
•  The briefing shall cover:
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Hazards associated with the job,
Work procedures involved,
Special precautions,
Information on the energized electrical work permit, if required.
Energy source controls,
PPE requirements.
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Job Briefing
3-2015
SLIDE-50
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Job Briefing
3-2015
SLIDE-51
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Testing
3-2015
•  Only qualified persons shall
perform tasks such as
testing, troubleshooting, and
voltage measuring within the
limited approach boundary of
energized electrical
conductors operating at 50
volts or more or where an
electrical hazard exists.
•  Test instruments, equipment,
and their accessories shall
be rated for circuits and
equipment to which they will
be connected.
SLIDE-52
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Testing
3-2015
SLIDE-53
•  Example on how not to do testing
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Testing
3-2015
SLIDE-54
•  Example on correct way of testing
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Energized Work
3-2015
SLIDE-55
•  Energized work shall be permitted where the employer can
demonstrate that:
–  De-energizing introduces additional hazards or increased risk or
•  Examples of additional hazards or increased risk include, but are not limited to,
interruption of life-support equipment, deactivation of emergency alarm systems, and
shutdown of hazardous location ventilation equipment.
–  The task to be performed is infeasible in a de-energized state due to
equipment design or operational limitations.
•  Only qualified persons shall work on electrical conductors that
have not been put into an electrically safe work condition.
–  When working within the limited approach boundary or the arc flash
boundary of exposed energized electrical conductors that are not placed
in an electrically safe work condition, work to be performed shall be
considered energized electrical work and shall be performed by written
permit only.
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Permit
3-2015
SLIDE-56
•  A permit shall not be required if a qualified person is provided
with and uses appropriate safe work practices and PPE under
any of the following conditions:
–  Thermography and visual inspections if the restricted approach boundary
is not crossed
–  Access to and egress from an area with energized electrical equipment if
no electrical work is performed and the restricted approach boundary is
not crossed
–  General housekeeping and miscellaneous non-electrical tasks if the
restricted approach boundary is not crossed
–  Testing, troubleshooting, and voltage measuring
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Permit
3-2015
SLIDE-57
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Permit
3-2015
3-20
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SLIDE-58
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Permit
3-2015
SLIDE-59
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Insulated Tools
3-2015
SLIDE-60
•  Employees shall use insulated tools
when working inside the limited
approach boundary of exposed
energized electrical conductors
where tools might make accidental
contact.
–  Insulated tools shall be rated for the
voltages on which they are used.
–  Insulated tools and equipment shall be
inspected prior to each use.
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Maintenance
3-2015
SLIDE-61
•  An Electrical Preventive Maintenance (EPM) program should be
conducted on a routine basis to ensure safe operation.
–  An EPM not only helps the equipment work better, but it also identifies
potential hazards before they cause an accident.
–  As part of an EPM, electrical equipment should be thoroughly cleaned
and routine inspections should be conducted by qualified personnel who
understand how to identify loose connections, overheated terminals,
discoloration of nearby insulation, and pitted contacts.
–  Using corrosion resistant terminals and insulate exposed metal parts if
possible
–  Sealing all open areas of equipment to ensure rodents and birds cannot
enter
–  Verifying that all relays and breakers are set and operate properly
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Label
3-2015
SLIDE-62
•  Electrical equipment such as
switchboards, panelboards, industrial
control panels, meter socket enclosures,
and motor control centers, that are likely
to REQUIRE examination, adjustment,
servicing, or maintenance while
energized, shall be field marked with a
label containing the following information:
–  Nominal system voltage
–  Arc flash boundary
–  And at least one of the following:
•  Available incident energy and the corresponding
working distance or arc flash PPE category but not
both
•  Minimum arc rating of clothing
•  Site specific PPE
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Label
3-2015
SLIDE-63
•  The method of calculating and data to support the information
for the label shall be documented.
•  Labels applied prior to September 30, 2011, are acceptable if
they contain the available incident energy or required level of
PPE.
–  Where the review of the arc flash hazard risk assessment identifies a
change that renders the label inaccurate, the label shall be updated
(NEW).
•  The owner of the electrical equipment shall be responsible for
the documentation, installation, and maintenance of the fieldmarked label (NEW).
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Overhead Line
3-2015
SLIDE-64
•  When unqualified persons are
working on the ground or in an
elevated position near overhead
lines, the location shall be such
that the employee and the
longest conductive object the
employee might contact do not
come closer to any unguarded,
energized overhead power line
than the limited approach
boundary in Table 130.4(C).
–  Objects that are not insulated for the
voltage involved should be
considered to be conductive.
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Contractors
3-2015
SLIDE-65
•  Where the host employer has knowledge of hazards covered by
NFPA 70E that are related to the contract employer’s work,
there shall be a documented meeting between the host
employer and the contract employer.
•  The host employer shall inform contract employers of the
following:
–  Known hazards that are covered by this standard, that are related to the
contract employer’s work, and that might not be recognized by the
contract employer or its employees
–  Information about the employer’s installation that the contract employer
needs to make a hazard assessment on
•  The host employer shall report observed contract employer
related violations of this standard to the contract employer.
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LOTO
3-2015
SLIDE-66
•  The employer shall:
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Establish LOTO procedures for the organization,
Provide training to employees,
Provide equipment necessary to execute the details of the procedure,
Audit execution of the procedures to ensure employee understanding/
compliance, and
–  Audit the procedure for improvement opportunity and completeness.
•  The audit shall be conducted at least annually by a qualified
person and shall cover at least one LOTO in progress and the
procedure details.
•  LOTO retraining shall be provided:
–  When LOTO procedures change and
–  At least once every 3 years.
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Audit
3-2015
SLIDE-67
•  The ESP shall be audited to verify the principles and
procedures of the ESP are in compliance with the latest NFPA
70E.
–  The frequency of the ESP audit shall not exceed 3 years.
•  Field work shall be audited to verify the requirements contained
in the procedures of the ESP are being followed.
–  When the auditing determines that the procedures of the ESP are not
being followed, the appropriate revisions to the training program or
revisions to the procedures shall be made.
–  The audit shall be documented.
–  The frequency of the field audit shall not exceed 1 year.
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Special Equipment
3-2015
SLIDE-68
•  NFPA 70E has additional sections on special equipment:
–  ARTICLE 310 Safety-Related Work Practices for Electrolytic Cells
–  ARTICLE 320 Safety Requirements Related to Batteries and Battery
Rooms
–  ARTICLE 330 Safety-Related Work Practices for Use of Lasers
–  ARTICLE 340 Safety-Related Work Practices: Power Electronic
Equipment
–  ARTICLE 350 Safety-Related Work Requirements: Research and
Development Laboratories
–  Informative Annex L Typical Application of Safeguards in the Cell Line
Working Zone
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OSHA
3-2015
SLIDE-69
•  Although OSHA has not adopted the
NFPA 70E standard it has issued
citations federally under the general
duty clause (5a) and in California using
the Injury and Illness Prevention
Program (IIPP) GISO 3203 regulation.
–  Training
–  Inspection
–  Personal Protective Equipment
–  Recordkeeping
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OSHA
3-2015
SLIDE-70
•  Fed-OSHA’s new standard on the construction of electric power
transmission and distribution lines and equipment which went
into effect July 10, 2014.
•  This standard requires employers to:
–  Make reasonable estimates of incident energy starting January 1, 2015.
–  Ensure that each employee exposed to hazards from electric arcs wears
the required arc-rated protective equipment when the estimated incident
energy exceeds 2 calories per centimeter squared (cal/cm2) starting April
1, 2015.
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OSHA
3-2015
SLIDE-71
•  Revised minimum approach distances become effective on
April 1, 2015.
–  Information to help employers establish minimum approach distances
appears in appendices to the standards.
•  The degree of training must be determined by risk to the worker
for the hazard involved.
–  Qualified workers must have training to recognize and control or avoid
electrical hazards present at the worksite.
–  Line-clearance tree trimmers must have training to distinguish exposed
live parts and to determine the voltage on those parts, and they must
have training in minimum approach distances and how to maintain them.
•  Host and contract employers must share information with each
other on safety-related matters and must coordinate their work
rules and procedures.
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Cal/OSHA
3-2015
SLIDE-72
•  High voltage electrical safety orders section 2940.2 states that
employees shall not be permitted to approach or take any
conductive object without an approved insulating handle closer
to exposed energized parts than shown in Table 2940.2-1
through Table 2940.2-3 unless:
–  The employee is insulated or guarded from the energized part (gloves
rated for the voltage involved shall be considered insulation of the
employee from the energized part), or
–  The energized part is insulated or guarded from the employee and any
other conductive object at a different potential.
Enviro
Safetech
Cal/OSHA
3-2015
SLIDE-73
Enviro
Safetech
Cal/OSHA
3-2015
SLIDE-74
•  ESO 2940.6 requires that insulating equipment designed for the
voltage levels to be encountered shall be provided and the
employer shall ensure that they are used by employees.
•  The employer is responsible for the periodic visual and
electrical re-testing of all insulating gloves, sleeves and
blankets.
•  The employer shall ensure that each employee who is exposed
to the hazards of flames or electric arcs does not wear clothing
that, when exposed to flames or electric arcs, could increase
the extent of injury that would be sustained by the employee.
–  This subsection prohibits clothing made from the following types of
fabrics, either alone or in blends, unless the employee can demonstrate
that the fabric has been treated with flame retardant: acetate, nylon,
polyester, and rayon.
Enviro
Safetech
Cal/OSHA
3-2015
SLIDE-75
•  Gloves, sleeves, and blankets that have been electrically tested
but not issued for service shall not be placed into service unless
they have been electrically tested within the previous twelve
months.
–  Gloves, sleeves and blankets shall be marked to indicate compliance
with the re-test schedule and shall be marked with either the date tested,
or the date the next test is due.
–  When not being used, insulating gloves and sleeves shall be stored in
glove bags or suitable containers.
–  Insulating blankets shall be stored in a canister or other means that
offers equivalent protection.
–  Insulating equipment shall be stored away from direct sunlight,
steampipes, radiators and other sources of excessive heat and shall be
protected from physical damage.
Enviro
Safetech
Cal/OSHA
3-2015
SLIDE-76
–  Gloves, sleeves and blankets shall not be folded while in storage;
however, blankets shall be permitted to be rolled for storage.
•  Insulating equipment shall be visually inspected for defects and
damage, and shall be cleaned prior to use each day.
–  Rubber gloves shall be air and water tested at the beginning of each
work period and at any other time when the glove's condition is in doubt.
–  The gloves shall be visually examined over their entire inner and outer
surface for any defects, i.e., burns, cuts, cracks, punctures and weak
spots; and
–  Have the cuff stretched to detect abrasions and weak spots.
Enviro
Safetech
Cal/OSHA
3-2015
SLIDE-77
•  ESO 2940.10 When employees are performing work on or
associated with exposed lines or equipment energized at 50
volts or more, persons trained in first aid including CPR shall be
available as follows:
–  For field work involving two or more employees at a work location, at
least two trained persons shall be available.
•  Exception: Only one trained person need be available if all new employees are trained
in first aid, including CPR, within 3 months of their hiring dates.
–  For fixed work locations such as generating stations, the number of
trained persons available shall be sufficient to ensure that each
employee exposed to electric shock can be reached within 4 minutes by
a trained person.
–  Exception: Where the existing number of employees is insufficient to
meet this requirement (at a remote substation, for example), all
employees at the work location shall be trained.
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Safetech