Sample Inspection Report - Paragliding! Up is Good

Paraglider Inspection Report
Customer Details
Name: Some Customer
Phone :
Wing Details
Manufacturer: Ozone
Model: Mojo 3
Size: XL
Serial Number: 4115S-11-0470
Hours of flight: 60Hr
Checked by: Paulo Zapparoli
Date of receipt : 09/05/2014
Return date : 09/17/2014
1
Figure 1 - Wing Label
Summary
• Canopy and Fabric
o
Visual - There were many small and minor nicks in the wing (all patched with rip-stop tape)
and pictures detail this below.
o
Porosity - The porosity was in near new condition for the entire wing
o
Fabric Strength - This is a pass or fail test, the wing passed.
• Lines
o
Visual and Physical - 4 lines had sheathing cuts and were replaced.
o
Length Check - Shrinkage throughout all lines is common, but the trim of the wing was not
that much difference.
o
Breaking Check - 3 lines were broken and all 3 broke above the listed line strength value.
•
Risers - No damage found
2
Canopy and Fabric
o
Visual - Found 3 cells with small holes (before and after pictures below). No missing stitches or damaged tabs
were found.
Canopy Damage
Cell
1st top
13th top
18th top
Left
Right
X
X
X
Patched inside
X
X
X
Patched outside
X
Picture before repair.
Figure
2,3
4,5
6,7
Picture after repair.
3
o
Porosity - The canopy was measured for porosity values in 8 different areas of the top
and bottom surface. The measurements were made approximately 20 -30 cm inboard from the leading
edge in the approximate positions indicated in the diagram below using a porosity meter.
Position
1
2
3
4
5
Cell
14ª
9ª
1ª
9ª
14ª
Top surface
Side
Time in Sec.
Left
628,5
Left
536,8
Right
682,5
Right
787,4
Right
454,4
Score
8,59
10,06
7,91
6,86
11,88
Position
6
7
8
Cell
8ª
1ª
9ª
Using the industry standard formula, see below, the wing was found to be in near new condition.
Formula --->
5400 / time in seconds (divide 5400 by the time displayed on the MK1)
This is the table used to interpret the results:
Canopy Condition
New
Excellent
Good
Satisfactory
Well Used
Fail
Time (Seconds) Score
>284
<19
283-111
20-49
111-55
50-99
54-37
100-149
36-19
150-299
<19
>300
4
Bottom surface
Side
Time in Sec.
Left
379,6
Right
706,3
Right
602,9
Score
14,23
7,65
8,96
o
Cloth Strength - This is a test for measurement of the tearing resistance of the cloth
by puncturing the cloth in the middle of a panel of the top surface and increase the load until 600g is
achieved. If the material tears more than 5mm before this value is reached then the cloth is deemed too
weak and the glider is un-airworthy. The same test is repeated on a panel of the undersurface.
In the Mojo 3 XL the cloth did't tear in the 2 surfaces tested. Both needle holes were patched on the
inside.
Cloth Strength
Surface
Cell
Load
Tear in mm
Both Directions
Top
9ª Left
600gr
0
Yes, didn't tear
Bottom
3ª Right
600gr
0
Yes, didn't tear
Lines
o
Visual and Physical - A visual check of all line set, for any signs of external damage as
tears, missing stitches, weak inner core , and also the brake handle knots and the brake lines for any
excessive wearing, were performed. I found 3 lines with tears in their coating as seen below.
Right Side
1 - AM3-AR2
1 - AM4-AR2
2 - K3
Line Damage
Description and
location
At sew-back loop
At sew-back loop
Mid-line sheathing cut
K3 right side, coating tear
AM3-AR2 and AM4-AR2 right side, loop coating tear
5
o
Line Length - The overall length (riser lines + mid lines + upper lines) were checked under
exactly 5DaN of tension. The difference between the measured length and the original length should not
exceed +/- 10mm. The length of the line connection tabs is also included in the measurement.
A Right
Standard
1 7338 7327
2 7291 7276
3 7281 7269
4 7307 7289
5 7327 7312
6 7272 7257
7 7262 7251
8 7246 7228
9 7309 7292
10 7291 7279
11 7167 7155
12 7103 7089
13 7032 7018
14 6952 6935
15 6937 6910
16 6711 6701
17 6465 6458
Dif. Left Diff. B Right
Standard
-11 7338 0 7224 7222
-15 7287 -4 7177 7176
-12 7280 -1 7168 7165
-18 7305 -2 7197 7194
-15 7324 -3 7221 7219
-15 7271 -1 7168 7168
-11 7261 -1 7163 7161
-18 7243 -3 7149 7148
-17 7309 0 7219 7217
-12 7275 -16 7215 7212
-12 7156 -11 7101 7098
-14 7099 -4 7048 7048
-14 7010 -22 6984 6980
-17 6934 -18 6914 6911
-27 6914 -23 6898 6882
-10 6686 -25 6680 6668
-7 6445 -20 6469 6463
Dif. Left Diff. C Right
Standard
-2 7211 -13 7336 7323
-1 7165 -12 7289 7283
-3 7156 -12 7279 7268
-3 7188 -9 7305 7295
-2 7212 -9 7314 7307
0 7160 -8 7263 7260
-2 7152 -11 7259 7256
-1 7139 -10 7249 7240
-2 7211 -8 7316 7304
-3 7199 -16 7275 7264
-3 7084 -17 7158 7154
0 7033 -15 7095 7090
-4 6969 -15 7010 6998
-3 6900 -14 6930 6925
-16 6871 -27 6899 6884
-12 6661 -19 6687 6665
-6 6454 -15 6488 6482
Dif. Left Diff. D Right
Standard
-13 7323 -13 7460 7452
-6 7278 -11 7414 7408
-11 7265 -14 7402 7393
-10 7292 -13 7424 7410
-7 7303 -11 7432 7426
-3 7256 -7 7377 7370
-3 7247 -12 7367 7360
-9 7234 -15
-12 7298 -18 7408 7395
-11 7259 -16 7358 7337
-4 7143 -15
-5 7077 -18 7158 7149
-12 6991 -19 7048 7038
-5 6915 -15
-15 6873 -26 6922 6908
-22 6666 -21 6712 6687
-6 6467 -21 6519 6512
Dif. Left Diff. K Right
Standard
-8 7439 -21 8473 8457
-6 7389 -25 8199 8183
-9 7378 -24 8030 8016
-14 7407 -17 7955 7946
-6 7413 -19 7741 7726
-7 7352 -25 7720 7707
-7 7341 -26 7654 7637
0
0 7537 7522
-13 7392 -16 7584 7563
-21 7333 -25 7539 7517
0
0 7528 7511
-9 7135 -23 7566 7544
-10 7024 -24 7494 7474
0
0 7463 7444
-14 6896 -26 7439 7419
-25 6688 -24 7419 7402
-7 6503 -16
The overall length (riser lines + mid lines + upper lines) were checked under exactly 5DaN of tension.
Length table:
Diff. = Difference
(-) subtraction symbol = shrunk
Measurements are in millimeters
6
Dif. Left Diff.
-16
-16
-14
-9
-15
-13
-17
-15
-21
-22
-17
-22
-20
-19
-20
-17
0
8465
8199
8032
7959
7741
7731
7659
7541
7589
7541
7533
7577
7512
7475
7455
7429
-8
0
2
4
0
11
5
4
5
2
5
11
18
12
16
10
0
Mojo 3 XL line diagram
Line's length variation in comparison to manufacturer's standard, it includes all lines form tabs to quick links.
8
17
7
16
6
15
LEFT WING
4
3
2
1
1
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
A
-20 -25 -23 -18 -22
-4
-11 -16
0
-3
-1
-1
-3
-2
-1
-4
0
B
-15 -19 -27 -14 -15 -15 -17 -16
-8
-10 -11
-8
-9
-9
-12 -12 -13
C
-21 -21 -26 -15 -19 -18 -15 -16 -18 -15 -12
-7
D
-16 -24 -26
K
0
6
14
5
-24 -23
2
8
1
-25 -16
-5
-8
-5
-6
-5
1
6
7
8
9
10
12
13
-3
-3
-2
0
-2
-1
-2
-3
-3
0
-4
-3
-16 -12
-6
-11 -13 -14 -11 -13 -13
-6
-11 -10
-7
-3
-3
-9
-12 -11
-4
-5
-12
-5
-15 -22
-6
-6
-9
-14
-6
-7
-7
-9
-10
-14 -25
-7
-10 -18 -16 -16 -14
-9
-15 -13 -17 -15 -21 -22 -17 -22 -20 -19 -20 -17
Break lines(KR1) were measured from its loop to the break handle knot and the measures found are:
KR1 Left wing : 2601mm, and, KR2 Right wing: 2591mm. The left side break line knot was retied in the correct position,
10mm shorter. In this table all K lines in the left side were subtracted 10mm in their results.
Middle line's length . These measurements results from the average of the differences between all
connection points to its middle lines.
7
14
15
8
-1
-13 -21
11
7
-2
-8
5
6
-7
-6
4
5
-11 -15 -12 -18 -15 -15 -11 -18 -17 -12 -12 -14 -14 -17 -27 -10
-10
3
4
17
-8
2
RIGHT WING
3
16
-26 -25 -19 -17 -24 -25 -21
1
2
LEFT WING
8
7
A
B
-20
-22
C
D
-18
-27
RIGHT WING
4
6
5
4
3
2
1
1
2
3
5
6
-21
-10
-1
-2
-2
-2
-13
-15
-15
-16
-20
-19
-19
-16
-10
-9
-11
-13
-2
-3
-1
-2
-2
-8
-24
-18
-15
-9
-14
-12
-10
-11
-5
-8
-7
-11
-32
-27
-19
-22
-19
-20
-7
-12
-7
-10
-18
-12
Canopy Average Line Offset Chart - (below is a table that shows the offset comparison between the
actual line lengths we measured, compared to the original line specifications)
LEFT WING
8
7
6
5
4
RIGHT WING
3
2
1
1
2
3
4
A
-6
-15
B
-13
-3
C
-14
-8
D
-23
-10
5
6
Canopy Pitch Offset Chart - (below is a table that shows the offset comparison between the A and B line,
combined average lengths. We then compare this offset to the C and D line averages)
LEFT WING
8
A
7
6
5
4
RIGHT WING
3
2
1
1
2
3
4
-10
-9
-18
-9
B
C
D
Total difference between front and back of wing = 8 MM
Total difference between front and back of wing = 0 MM
8
5
6
7
8
-11
-7
-22
-7
o
Breaking Check - All lines tested above the manufacturer's specifications.
Line Damage
Right Side Location
AM3-AR2 Loop
AM4-AR2 Loop
K3
Line
Breaking check
Breaking Point Standard
181kg
140 kg
193kg
140kg
89kg
70 kg
Risers
Risers are in visually good condition with no abrasion damage and no stitches missing, maillon hang
loops and the main suspension loop don't have signs of damaged. It shows a normal wear for a 60 hr.
riser.
9
Useful information
Paraglider Porosity Check
Paraglider porosity is the measurement of the amount of time it takes for a certain volume of air to pass through
the paraglider canopy fabric. To test the porosity of a glider, we use the JDC MK 1 Porosimeter, which is the
most used porosity meter in the paragliding industry. The MK 1 measures the time necessary for 0.25 liters of air
under 4hPa pressure to go through 38.5 cm2 of cloth.
So how does porosity affect your glider?
New gliders are tested by various agencies/organizations to determine their performance and safety
(See Paragliding Rating System). When these agencies test gliders, the gliders are new from the factory and
have very little porosity. Because the structure of paragliders is formed by pressurization, the porosity of a glider
also relates to its pressurization. The behavior of a glider will change as the porosity increases. This change in
behavior might be, among other things, glide ratio, speed, resistance to collapses, recovery from collapses,
handling in turns, and surging. In addition to the performance being affected, the durability is affected as well. If a
glider is more porous, it means the material has degraded and it is weaker than it was when you first bought it. If
the material is weaker, it can tear easier. These tears might occur when you are launching or landing near rocks
or sticks. However, if the material of your glider is significantly weaker, it may even tear during an event while
flying, such as a large frontal collapse. Tearing of a glider from a collapse is very unlikely, but it has happened
before.
How do you take care of your glider to slow down the again process?
The most popular source of the aging of a glider is UV exposure. You should always keep your glider out of UV
when possible. If you are on launch or in the LZ and your glider is unpacked, cover it up with something to prevent
UV exposure. If you fly in places where UV is strong, such as Australia, or towards the equator, your glider will
age faster than it would in places where there is less sunshine, or less UV.
Is water bad for my glider?
Water is bad for your glider if it is stored in a damp state. The continued exposure to moisture will weaken the
canopy, and the lines. If you get your glider wet, its important to let it dry out as quickly as possible. No need to
frantically dry it out, but don't let your glider sit overnight, packed up without letting it dry out first. However, we
recommend letting the glider air out at room temperature, out if direct sunlight. Exposing a wet glider to direct
sunlight can affect the materials (such as lines and stitching). Lines can shrink and weaken when wet and
exposed to direct sunlight. If your glider has somehow ended up in saltwater, we recommend hosing it off with
some fresh water to get the salt particles off the glider and let it dry in the shade, or inside.
What about abrasion?
Abrasive materials, such as sand and dirt can degrade the protective coating on the canopy. A common protective
coating is a layer of silicone on the inside of the canopy material. So, if you fly in places where you're ending up
with sand in your glider, you should do your best to remove these materials from your canopy so they don't
continue to wear on your canopy. We've seen some grasshoppers in places that actually take bites out of the
canopy material to get themselves out.
Where should I avoid storing my glider?
To increase the lifespan of your glider, store it in a dry cool place. Keeping a glider in the trunk of your car in the heat can
weaken the protective coating, or affect the lines.
10