PDF of

REN
\NDARE
N I N E T Y-F 0
S t a n d a r d Weights & Measures
EIGHT WEEKS. THE SUN IS 93 MILLION MILES AWAY FROM THE EARTH. THE DEEPEST HOLE EVER DRILLED WAS IN THE KOLA PENINSULA (FORMER USSR) - SEVEN MILES
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JUST THE FACTS
T Te live in a w o r l d
with too much to remember, too much to
keep straight and too many places to misplace
the information we need when we really need it.
This b o o k h a s b e e n designed as a simple tool a n d a single reference for all of us who work in the graphic arts industry. We've tried
to include all the basic weights and measurements for the jobs you do every day.
We hope it makes your work easier and gives you more time to spend doing the things you love to
do. It's part of our commitment at S.D. Warren to helping you make your work the best it can possibly be.
THE HUMAN BODY CONTAINS ABOUT 60,000 MILES OF BLOOD VESSELS. AN ANT CAN LIFT 50 TIMES ITS WEIGHT. HUMAN HAIR GROWS ABOUT ONE INCH EVERY
FORMS, FOLDS & SIZES
1. Standard Form and Folder Breakdowns
2. Standard Advertising Measurements
3. Standard Document Foldings, Scorings and Bindings
4. Post Office Standard Design Formats
5. Standard Envelope Sizes
PRINTING PAPER
1. AFPA Standard Grade Classifications
2. Basis Weight Comparisons and Metric Equivalents
3. Basis Weight Formula
4. PPI Formula
5. Use of AFPA Recycling Symbols
PHOTOGRAPHY
Standard Camera Formats and Sizes
27
GENERAL TABLES
1. Metric Conversion Tables
2. Standard Proof Correction Marks
DOWN. A HURRICANE HAS A WIND SPEED OF AT LEAST 74 MPH. AN ELECTRIC EEL GIVES OFF AN AVERAGE DISCHARGE OF 400 VOLTS. THE HEIGHT OF THE 984-FOOT-TALL
^
^K^
^ ^
. . .. .
Forms, Folds & Sizes
Forms,
Folds & Sizes
i.
Standard Form and Folder Breakdowns
FOUR-PAGE COVER
9"xl2", one up, two out work and turn,
or two out sheetwise
12"
Grippcr
EIFFEL TOWER VARIES BY AS MUCH AS SIX INCHES, DEPENDING ON THE TEMPERATURE THE AIR DISTANCE BETWEEN LOS ANGELES AND NEW YORK CITY IS 2,475 STATUTE
Forms, Folds & Sizes
FOUR-PACE OBLONG
ll"x8W, three out sheetwise
1
-*- — 8V2" -+•
V
- Crippei
SIX-PAGE FOLDER
8 Wx 11" upright, one up, work and tumble, two out
j
r
•
• 1
—8'/2"-»-
- Gripper
EIGHT-PAGE BOOKLET
8V2"xll", one up work and turn, two out
17"
- Clipper -
MILES THE TEMPERATURE AT THE SUN'S CENTER IS 25 MILLION DEGREES FAHRENHEIT. THE PORTUGUESE MAN-O'-WAR'S TENTACLES CAN REACH UP TO 65 FEET WHEN
Forms, Folds & Sizes
TWELVE-PAGE BOOKLET
8WxlF', one up sheetwise
-11"-
- Gripper -
TWELVE-PACE SQUARE BOOKLET
7"x7", one up, work and turn, two out per sheet
1
Gripper -
SIXTEEN-PAGE BOOKLET
6"x9" work and turn, two out
^4— 9"—*-
..t
FULLY EXTENDED. THE WRIGHT BROTHERS' HISTORIC FLIGHT LASTED 12 SECONDS. THE AVERAGE FLEA CAN LEAP ABOUT EIGHT INCHES, MORE THAN 100 TIMES ITS OWN
Forms, Folds & Sizes
SIXTEEN-PAGE BOOKLET
8V2"xll", one out sheetwise
Gripper
EIGHT-PAGE BOOKLET WEB-FORM
8Wxll",
v^-
one up or two 4-pagers, two up
-J\Aj
i
r
-\A
VA-
SIXTEEN-PAGE BOOKLET WEB-FORM
8V2"xll", one 16-pager, one up; or two 8-pagers, two up; or four 4-pagers, four up
-Vv-
l\f^-
•4±
11"
•"
i
vV-
-AAi
HEIGHT. THE SKIN OF THE ADULT HUMAN BODY WEIGHS APPROXIMATELY SIX POUNDS. THE BUMBLEBEE BAT IS THE SMALLEST MAMMAL IN THE WORLD - LESS THAN
Forms, Folds & Sizes
2.
Standard Advertising Measurements
O UT-OF-HOME MEDIA
Unit
Size
Live Copy Area
Mechanical Size
8-sheet poster
5' h x 11" w
58 " h x 130" w
15"hx33" w
8-sheet backlight poster
5' x l l "
58"x130"
10" x 2 2 "
24-sheet poster
8'8" x 19'6"
8'6" x 19'4"
10%" x 2 3 % "
30-sheet poster
9 7 " x 2T7"
9'5" x 2 1 ' 5 "
11%" x26"
14' x 48' backlight poster
14' x 48'
13' x 47'
7" x 2 4 "
9 %" x 27"
11" x 2 8 "
11" x 28" interior bus card
10%" x 2 8 " (card stock)
10%" i 27V
11" x 42" interior bus card
(vinyl)
11
11
10%" x 4 2 " card stock)
1078" 417A" vinyl)
9%" x 4 1 "
11" x 56" interior bus card
107/V' x 5 6 "
9%" x 55"
5%" x 2 8 "
16" x 44" interior bus card
16" x 4 4 "
15" x 4 3 "
8"x22"
21" x 22" interior bus card
21" x 22"
19" x 2 0 "
10%" x l l "
21" x 28" headlight display
21" x 3 8 "
19%" x 3 5 "
10%" x l 9 "
21" x 44" headlight display
21" x 4 4 "
19%" x 4 1 "
10%" x 2 2 "
vinyl headlight display NYC
21"x44"
21" x 4 4 "
10%"x22"
7" x 2 4 "
"
5%" x 21"
"
taillight display
21" x 7 2 "
19%" x 6 8 "
rts iv vinyl rears NYC
14" x 6 0 " (CMC bus)
14" x 6 0 "
4'7,6" x 2 0 "
rts iv vinyl rears
14" x 8 4 "
14" x 8 4 "
4,7.«," x 28"
rts iv vinyl rears
17%" x 5 0 "
17%" x 5 0 "
8%" x 2 5 "
traveling displays
21" x 4 4 "
19'/ 3 " x 4 1 "
10%" x 2 2 "
queen-size bus poster
30" x 8 8 "
27" x 8 5 "
10" x29'7. 2 "
queen-size bus poster
30" x 108"
27" x 105"
10" x 3 6 "
king-size bus poster
30" x l 4 4 "
27" x l 4 1 "
7%" x 3 6 "
super king-size bus poster
30" x 2 4 0 "
5" x 4 0 "
bus stop shelter
47V2" x 6 8 % "
30" x 2 4 0 "
46" x 6 7 "
11" x 14" side-poster car cards 11" x l 3 % "
9%" x 12%"
11" x 1 4 "
11" x 28" side-poster car cards 11" x 2 7 % "
9%" x 2 6 % "
11" x 2 8 "
11" x 42" side-poster car cards 11" x 4 1 % "
9%" x 3 9 % "
5%" x 2 1 "
llVs" x 16%"
top-end car cards NYC
(IND/BMT only)
11" x 2 7 "
9V2" x 2 6 % "
11" x 27"
top-end car cards NYC
(IRT only)
16" x 3 9 "
14%" x 37%"
8 " X 197a"
top-end car cards NYC
(IND/BMT only)
16" x 4 4 "
14%" x 42%"
8" x 22"
PRINT MEDIA
Due to the many variations in sizes of different magazines and newspapers, there are no
industry standards for print advertising specifications. Please contact each publication individually
for production specifications.
1/1,000 THE LENGTH OF THE BLUE WHALE. FLIGHT TIME BETWEEN LOS ANGELES AND NAIROBI IS 17,1 HOURS. THE WIND SPEED INSIDE A TORNADO IS 310 MPH. IF THE DIS-
Forms, Folds & Sizes
10
3.
Standard Document Foldings,
Scorings and Bindings
FOLDINGS
4-page
1 fold, upright
4-page
1 fold, upright
6-page with flap
3 parallel folds
6-page
2 parallel folds
6-page
2 folds, accordion
4-page with flap
2 parallel folds, oblong
8-page
3 parallel folds
8-page
3 parallel folds
*£j/ /
/
ry.
-page with 2 cut corners
2 folds, right-angle
*&ilL CLi±oA
8-page
3 accordion folds
Don't try this at home.
8-page short fold
2 folds, right-angle
8-page with flap
2 parallel and
1 right-angle fold
8-page die-cut
3 parallel folds
6-page special
die-cut piece
8-page
2 folds, right-angle
12-page
3 parallel folds
f 2-page
1 parallel, 2 rightangle folds
16-page
3 parallel folds
16-page
3 folds, right-angle
TANCE SEEN THROUGH A CLOUD IS BETWEEN 0.6 AND 1.25 MILES IT'S CALLED MIST. LESS THAN 0.6 MILE VISIBILITY IS CONSIDERED FOG. A FLYING FISH CAN GLIDE AS FAR
11
Forms, Folds & Sizes
SCORINGS
Standard Scoring Rule Method
Sheet to be creased (face up)
-Standard rounded-edge
creasing rule
^ ^ = T
Beveled cardboard counter die
Heavy cardboard pasted directly
to platen or cylinder
Fold stock so that the '"hinge'' is formed with the depression outside.
String Scoring Method
"High" slug or lead
Round face rule-
1
Stock to be creased
(face down) —
Cut Scoring Method
Heavy board (face up
Press platen
— Sharp cutting rule
(cut partway through
heavy board)
Inside fiber exposed
AS 330 FEET IN THE AIR. A 1/4-INCH SQUARE SILICON CHIP HAS THE CAPACITY OF THE ORIGINAL 1949 ENIAC COMPUTER, WHICH TOOK UP AN ENTIRE CITY BLOCK. THE
12
Forms, Folds & Sizes
BINDINGS
Spiral Wire
Saddle Wire Stitched
Wire-0
Side Wire Stitched
Plastic Comb
Perfect
Binding Post - Loose-Leaf
Case Bound - Sewn
GREATEST WEIGHT EVER LIFTED BY A HUMAN WAS 6,270 POUNDS (2,844 KILOGRAMS) - EQUAL TO THE COMBINED WEIGHT OF THREE DOZEN FULLY GROWN MEN. SATURN
13
Forms. Folds & Sizes
4.
Post Office Standard Design Formats
2.96 inches
(NOTE: The diagram above is not actual size. Please enlarge by 233% on your copier before using as a template for your mailing
h«
1-1/4 inch(
pieces.)
1-3/4 inches
Bar lop must be within
1/8 inch of envelope edge
and may extend to the edge.
5/8 inch
FOR PERMIT
HOLDER'S USE
NO POSTAGE
NECESSARY
IF MAILED
IN THE
UNITED STATES
BUSINESS REPLY MAIL
FIRST CLASS MAIL
PERMIT NO. 0000
ANYTOWN
STATE
POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE
At least
~ 1 inch
Name of Permit Holder
Information/Attention Line
Delivery Address
Post Office State ZIP Code
2-1/4 inches
II. ,1,11
CARDS: Thickness not less than .007"nor
IL,l,l,,,ll,,,ll,,llmll,,,l,,l,,,ll
more than .0095" LETTERS:
Not less
than 1/2 inch
between
ZIP Code
and horizontal
bars
Thickness not less than .007"nor
, inch clear
5/8
for bar code,
as shown
more than
.25".
IS 886.7 MILLION MILES FROM THE SUN. THE OZONE HOLE OVER ANTARCTICA IS ESTIMATED TO BE A L M O S T THREE TIMES THE AREA OF THE UNITED STATES. METEOROLO-
Form.s, Folds & Sizes
14
5.
Standard Envelope Sizes
COMMERCIALS AND OFFICIALS
Standard correspondence style envelopes.
Open-side style with gummed flaps. Made in
wide range of Bond and Kraft. Commercial
sizes range from No. 5 to No. 63A. Official
sizes range from No. 7 to No. 14.
BOOKLET
For use with booklets, folders and other
types of direct mail. Open-side design per-
No.
mits overall printing.
5
37i6 x 57 2
6
37s x 6
674
37 2 x 6
672
3 7 6 x 674
674
37 8 x 672
7
374 x 674
772
374 x 77s
774 (Monarch)
37 8 x 772
Data Card
37 2 x 77«
8 7 s (Check)
37s X 87e
9
37e x 87 8
10
47s x 972
107 2
472 x 9 7 2
11
472 x 107i
12
474x11
14
5x1172
Jo.
Size
272
4 7 2 x 57a
3
474 x 672
474
5 x 77 2
472
57 2 x 772
5
57 2 x 87 2
6
57* x 87»
672
6x9
674
67 2 x 97 2
7
674 x 97«
774
7x10
772
772x1072
8
8 x117s
9
874x1172
972
9x12
0
97 2 x 127«
3
10x13
GISTS MEASURE THE AMOUNT OF CLOUD COVER IN THE SKY IN UNITS CALLED OKTAS; ONE OKTA REPRESENTS ONE-EIGHTH OF THE SKY, SO WHEN THE SKY HAS FOUR
15
Forms, Folds & Sizes
TICKET
REMITTANCE
Open-side envelopes for theater tickets. Often
Large flap can be printed to contain any
printed with advertising.
message. Used for coupons, credit information, applications, statements, etc.
No.
Size
3
1V.6 x 47,6
No.
Size
67*
37 2 x 6
(37a Flap)
672
372 x 674
(37a Flap)
674
37a x 672
9
37a X 87a
(372 Flap)
WINDOW
Permits name and address typed on enclosure to show. Used for invoices, statements, checks, receipts, etc.
No.
674
Size
372 x 6
674
37a x 67 2
7
374 x 674
774
37a x 772
87«
37« x 87a
9
37a X 87a
10
47a x 972
11
472 x 107a
12
474x11
14
5 x117a
POLICY
Primarily used for insurance policies. Also
to hold bonds., mortgages, legal papers.
No.
9
Size
4x9
10
47a x 97 2
11
472 x 107a
12
474 X 107a
14
5x1172
OKTAS OF CLOUD, HALF OF IT IS COVERED BY CLOUDS. THE GREAT PYRAMID OF KING KHAFU IS SO BIG THAT 10 FOOTBALL FIELDS COULD FIT ONTO THE GROUND AREA
16
Forms, Folds & Sizes
METAL CLASP
Strong and durable. Ideal for mailing
bulky papers. Can be opened and closed
many times.
No.
CATALOG
Size
0
27 2
5
37s x 572
x
474
Open-end style. Wide seams with heavy
10
37» x 6
gummed flaps provide good protection for
11
47 2 x 107s
14
5x1172
mail handling of catalogs, magazines,
reports, etc.
15
4 x 67s
25
4 7 8 x 674
35
5 x 77 2
50
57 2 x 874
No.
Size
55
6x9
1
6x9
63
6V2 x 972
174
67 2 x 97 2
68
7x10
2
67 2 x 10
75
772x10
3
7x10
80
8x11
6
77 2 x 107 2
83
87 2 x 117 2
7
8x11
87
874 x 1174
8
87 4 x 1174
90
9x12
9V2
87 2 x 107 2
93
97 2 x 1272
974
874x117*
94
974x1472
1072
9x12
95
10 x 12
127 2
97 2 x 1272
97
10x13
1372
10x13
98
10 x 15
1474
1174x1474
105
1172x147
14 72
1172x1472
110
12 x 1572
COVERED BY THE PYRAMID THE AMERICAN FOOTBALL FIELD IS 160 FEET WIDE AND 100 YARDS LONG (FROM END ZONE TO END ZONE). THE END ZONES MEASURE 160
17
Forms, Folds & Sizes
BARONIAL
Formal envelopes with deep pointed flap.
ANNOUNCEMENT TEXT
Widely used for invitations, announce-
Made for use with wide range of matching
ments and greeting and social cards.
text and cover papers. Many have deckleNo.
edge flaps.
Size
2
37.6 x 474
No.
Size
4
37s x 47a
A-2
A-6
A-7
A-8
A-10
Slim
43A x 5Vs
43A x 67-2
5'A x 71A
57s x 87s
674 x 97 8
37a x 87s
5
4'A x 5'A
574
474 x 5'A
57 2
47s X 5 7 :
6
5x 6
Sizes vary .
ircling l:o manufacturer. Check wil.li your local supplit
COFN
Used for paper currency as well as coins
WALLET FLAP
by banks and individual companies.
Deep flap and heavy-weight paper for
bulky correspondence. Much stronger than
standard commercial envelopes.
No.
Size
1
274x372
3
2'A x 4'A
No.
Size
4
3 x 4'A
10
4'A x 97 2
4'A
3 x 47s
11
4 7 2 x 107s
5
27s x 5'A
12
474x11
57 2
378x572
14
5 x 1172
3'A x 6
16
6 x 12
6
7
372x672
FEET BY 10 FEET. THE HUMAN TONGUE HAS APPROXIMATELY 9,000 TASTE BUDS, A MOSQUITO HAS 47 TEETH, FORTY-SEVEN CZARS ARE BURIED WITHIN THE KREM-
Printing
Paper
19
Printing
Paper
AFPA Standard Grade Classifications
ALL FINISHES
Quality
Brightness (C.E.)
Number 1
85.0 to 87.9 incl.
Number 2
88.0 to 84.9 incl.
Number 3
79.0 to 82.9 incl.
Number 4
73.0 to 78.9 incl.
Number 5
72.9 and below
LIN. THE LARGEST GOLD NUGGET EVER FOUND WEIGHED IN AT 200 POUNDS. AN AVERAGE GIRAFFE HEART WEIGHS 25 POUNDS AND IS TWO FEET LONG. THE
20
Printing Pape
2.
Basis Weight Comparisons and Metric Equivalents
A.
Ream Weight a n d M Weight Formulas
To calculate the ream weight (1 ream = 500 sheets) of any sheet size, multiply the sheet length by the sheet width
by the basis weight and divide by the number of square inches associated with the basis weight.
Example:
20 x 30 Basis x 80 Cover
520 square inches
92.3076
To calculate the M weight (1,000 sheets) for sheets smaller than 24 x 36,
adjust the ream weight to the nearest half-pound and multiply by 2. For sheets 24 x 36 and larger,
adjust the ream weight to the nearest pound and multiply by 2.
B.
S t a n d a r d Sheet Areas
Sheet Areas of Basic Sizes
25 x 38 = 950 — Book
1 7 x 2 2 = 374 — Bond, ledger, writing, vellum
20 x 26 = 520 — Cover
22V2 x 28'A = 641 — Bristol
1
1
25 A x30 /2 = 7 7 8 — I n d e x
24 x 36 = 864 — Kraft, tag, newsprint
Basis Weight Comparisons
Based on Ream
Weights
Book
25 x 38
Bond and
Ledger
17x22
Cover
20 x 26
Printing
Bristol
22V2 x 28'A
Index
25'A x 30'A
Tag
24x36
30
12
16
20
25
27
44
40
16
22
27
33
36
59
45
18
25
30
37
41
67
Book
50
20
27
34
41
45
74
(Basis Weights
60
24
33
40
49
55
89
in Bold)
70
28
38
47
57
64
104
80
31
44
54
65
73
118
90
35
49
60
74
82
133
100
39
55
67
82
91
148
120
47
66
80
98
109
178
Metric
CSM*
*GSM — Grams per square meter
LARGEST PAINTING IN THE WORLD - 'THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG" IS 410 FEET LONG, 70 FEET HIGH AND WEIGHS 11,792 POUNDS. THREE SQUARE FEET OF FINE-
Printing
21
Paper
Basis Weight Comparisons
Based on Ream Weights
(continued)
Book
Bond and
Ledger
Cover
Printing
Bristol
Index
Tag
25 x 38
17x22
20 x 26
22 Vi x 28 ] A
257=x30'/2
24 x 36
Metric
GSM*
33
13
18
22
27
30
49
41
16
22
27
33
37
60
Bond and
51
20
28
34
42
46
75
Ledger
61
24
33
41
50
56
90
(Basis Weights
71
28
39
48
58
64
105
in Bold)
81
32
45
55
67
74
120
91
36
50
62
75
83
135
102
40
56
69
83
93
150
100
40
55
68
82
91
149
110
43
60
74
90
100
162
170
115
45
63
78
94
105
Cover
119
47
65
80
97
108
176
(Basis Weights
124
50
68
85
103
115
184
iti Bold)
146
58
80
99
120
134
216
164
65
90
111
135
149
243
183
72
100
124
150
166
270
201
79
110
136
165
183
298
219
86
120
148
179
199
325
147
100
39
54
67
81
91
Printing
120
47
65
80
98
109
175
Bristol
148
58
81
100
121
135
219
(Basis Weights
176
70
97
120
146
162
263
in Bold)
207
82
114
140
170
189
307
237
93
130
160
194
216
351
Index
110
43
60
74
90
100
163
(Basis Weights
135
53
74
91
110
122
199
in Bold)
170
67
93
115
140
156
253
208
82
114
140
170
189
308
*GSM - Grams per square meter
EXAMPLk: a 50-pound book paper is equivalent to a 20-pound bond paper.
QUALITY PERSIAN RUG CONTAIN AS MANY AS ONE MILLION KNOTS. APPROXIMATELY 22 PERCENT OF THE TOTAL GROUND AREA IN LOS ANGELES IS SAID TO BE
22
Printing
Paper
Basis Weight Comparisons
Based on Ream Weights
•
(continued)
Book
25 x 38
Bond and
Ledger
17 x 22
Cover
20x26
Printing
Bristol
22'A x 28'A
Index
25'A x 30'A
Tag
24 x 36
Metric
GSM*
110
43
60
74
90
100
163
Tag
137
54
75
93
113
125
203
(Basis Weights
165
65
90
111
135
150
244
in Bold)
192
76
105
130
158
175
285
220
87
120
148
180
200
326
275
109
151
186
225
250
407
*GSM - Grams per square meter
Basis Weight Formula
To calculate the difference between basis weights, use the following formula:
Known Weight = Unknown Weight
Basis
Basis
Example:
80 Book = X Cover
950
520
PPI Formula
NUMBER OF PAGES PER INCH
To calculate the number of pages per inch, caliper eight pages (four sheets),
then divide the number of points into 8.
Example:
To calculate the pages per inch for eight pages, caliper .016.
Moo =
500 PPI
.016
COMMITTED TO AUTOMOBILES. NEW YORK HAS 570 MILES OF SHORELINE. THERE CAN BE ENOUGH ENERGY IN 10 MINUTES OF ONE HURRICANE TO MATCH THE
Printing Paper
23
Use of AFPA Recycling Symbols
For products that contain some, but not all, recycled fiber, the recycling emblem
is filled in white, with the chasing arrows in black. The percentage of recycled content
claim is predominant, with any subsidiary claim presented directly below it.
50%
TDTAL RECOVERED FIBER
10% POST-CONSUMER FIBER
Paper made entirely from recovered fiber is identified by a recycling emblem
that is filled in black, with the chasing arrows in white.
The 100% recycled content claim is prominent, with
any additional claims (like those for state regulations or customer demand)
presented directly underneath.
100%
TOTAL RECOVERED FIBER
10% POST-CONSUMER FIBER
Only one symbol or the other can be used, depending on the total recycled content
of your paper product.
Fiber percentages
shown are examples
only.
NUCLEAR STOCKPILES OF THE WORLD. BAMBOO MAY GROW THREE FEET IN 24 HOURS. THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA (2,500 MILES LONG) STRETCHES OVER ONE-
I
•BHBM.:
Photography
25
v -=* J t i
Photography
Standard Camera Formats and Sizes
8 x 10 iii
'/•t plate
6x9<
24 x 6 cm (panoramic)
4.5 x 6 cm
2.4 x 3.6 cm (35 mm film size)
2.8x2.8 cm (126)
2.4 x 1.8 cm
1.3x1.7 cm (110)
I I
0.8 x 1 cm
|_J
(NOTE: Illustration
1 7 x 6 cm (panoramic)
±
does not reflect actual size.)
TWENTIETH OF THE EARTH'S CIRCUMFERENCE. LIGHTNING STRIKES THE EARTH 100 TIMES EVERY SECOND. EVERY CUBIC MILE OF SEAWATER HOLDS OVER 150 MIL-
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General Tables
•11
ilHl
General
Tables
Metric Conversion Tables
U.S. AND METRIC WEIGHTS
1 ounce
=
28.349 5 grams
1 pound
=
0.453 6 kilogram
1 short ton (2,000 1b.)
=
907.18 kilograms
1 metric ton (2,204.6 lb.)
=
1 000 kilograms
1 long ton (2,240 1b.)
=
1 016.05 kilograms
1 gram
=
0.035 3 ounce
1 kilogram
=
2.204 62 pounds
1 000 grams
=
1 kilogram
1 000 kilograms
=
1 metric ton
LION TONS OF MINERALS. MOUNT EVEREST IS A FOOT HIGHER TODAY THAN IT WAS A CENTURY AGO. THE BIGGEST BLAST FURNACES ARE 200 FEET HIGH AND PRO-
28
General Tables
INCHES TO MILLIMETERS
Inches
Millimeters
to Nearest T e n t h
Millimeters
Rounded
8V4
209.6
210
8V2
215.9
216
11
279.4
279
14
355.6
356
17
431.8
432
177 2
444.5
445
19
482.6
483
20
508.0
508
22
558.8
559
22 'A
571.5
572
23
584.2
584
24
609.6
610
25
635.0
635
2572
647.7
648
26
660.4
660
28
711.2
711
2872
723.9
724
29
736.6
737
3072
774.7
775
34
863.6
864
35
889.0
889
36
914.4
914
38
965.2
965
44
1 117.6
1 118
45
1 143.0
1 143
To convert from inches to millimeters, multiply by 25.4.
CUCE 10,000 TONS OF IRON A DAY. NEARLY ONE-THIRD OF THE EARTH IS COVERED WITH TREES. EVERY DAY THE HUMAN POPULATION INCREASES BY ABOUT 200,000
General Tables
29
CONVERTING STANDARD SIZES IN
MILLIMETERS TO SQUARE MILLIMETERS
English Size
Metric Size
Rounded Off
Square
Millimeters
17x22"
432 x 559 m m
241 488 mm 2
20 x 26"
508 x 660 m m
335 280 mm 2
2272x2872"
572 x 724 m m
414 128 mm 2
2572x3072"
648 x 775 m m
502 200 mm 2
23 x 35"
584 x 889 m m
519 176 mm 2
24 x 36"
610 x 914 m m
557 540 mm 2
25 x 38"
635 x 965 m m
612 775 mm 2
U.S. AND METRIC MEASURES
1 inch
=
25.4
millimeters
1 fool
=
304.80
millimeters
1 yard
=
914.40
millimeters
1 millimeter
=
0.039 37
inch
1 centimeter
=
0.393 7
inch
1 decimeter
=
3.937
inches
1 meter
=
39.37
inches
1 meter
=
3.28
feet
1 square inch
=
0.000 645
meter
1 square millimeter
=
0.001 55
square inch
1 square meter
=
10.764
square feet
PEOPLE A SINGLE OUNCE OF GOLD CAN BE BEATEN INTO A FILM SO FINE THAT IT WOULD COVER 100 SQUARE FEET. THE GIANT SEQUOIA TREE BEARS SEEDS SO SMALL
30
General
Tables
METRIC RULES
GRAMMAGE = basis weight stated in grams per square meter.
SEPARATE DIGITS in groups of three, using a space rather than a comma.
Example: 1 000 000
A number LESS THAN 1 should appear with a zero to the left of the decimal point.
Example: 0.41
PERIODS are not used after abbreviations.
METER is the spelling likely to be used in the U.S. England and France use "metre."
MILLIMETERS are to be rounded off to the nearest whole number; i.e.. if the dimension is
0.5 m m or more, increase to 1.
In stating a SHEET SIZE in millimeters, add "mm" after last dimension only.
Example: 432 x 559 mm
A SPACE should be left between number and abbreviations.
Example: 432 mm
2.
Standard Proof Correction Marks
MARGIN MARK
a~7 or J^ or ~gf
MEANING AND TEXT MARKING
Delete (takeout)
^~~
Clos^e up;
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D e l e t e and close up
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C^PS
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SC
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JcC
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P"f"
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THAT 3,000 OF THEM WEIGH ONE OUNCE. BEES MUST COLLECT NECTAR FROM 2 MILLION FLOWERS TO MAKE ONE POUND OF HONEY. KING HENRY I OF ENGLAND DECREED
General
bP ifcls
Tablet
31
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THAT THE STANDARD FOOT SHOULD BE ONE-THIRD THE LENGTH OF HIS ARM-12 INCHES. A WOODCHUCK BREATHES 2,100 TIMES AN HOUR; WHEN HIBERNATING, A WOOD-
Weights and Measures Stocking Information
Warren Patina is an elegant matte paper providing a smooth, non-glare surface and distinctive
tone with excellent ink holdout for a wide range of color reproduction. Patina also has a
unique "hand," which means that it feels as good as it looks. In addition. Patina is
known for its legendary reliability on press. Patina is available in 60 (89 GSM),
70 (104 GSM), 80 (118 GSM) and 100 lb. (148 GSM) book;
105 lb./7 pt. (155 GSM) postcard; and in 65
(176 GSM) and 80 lb. (216 GSM) cover.
Production Notes
PRINTING
Printed in the USA on Patina 100 lb. text and 80 lb. cover on a 6/c 40" press.
TYPOGRAPHY
Bauer Kiodoni, Monotype Univers and Helvetica Compressed.
PHOTOGRAPHY
All photography by Maria Robledo, New York City. All images screened
at 200 line from 4 x 5 transparencies.
INK SEQUENCE
Text: K„ C, M, Y, special orange, tinted spot gloss varnish.
Cover: K, C, M, Y, special orange, spot satin varnish on outside only.
WARREN
S.D. Warren Company
A Subsidiary of Scott Paper Company
225 Franklin Street, Boston, MA 02110
(617)423-7300
We are grateful to the following publications for the use of material represented in this issue of The Warren
Standard;
'"Walden's H a n d b o o k for P a p e r Salespeople a n d Buyers of Printing P a p e r " ; "Graphic Master - Fifth Edition."
While every effort has been made to provide dependable data on the subject matter covered in this publication, all parties involved
do not warrant that the data herein is complete or accurate and shall not be held liable for errors contained herein or
incidental or consequential damages in connection with furnishing, performance or use of this information.
CHUCK BREATHES ONLY 10 TIMES AN HOUR. THE GREYHOUND CAN REACH SPEEDS OF UP TO 41.7 MILES PER HOUR. ©1994, S.D.WARREN COMPANY, 94-5184.
*
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