Dr. Thiago Souza
Transcription
Dr. Thiago Souza
South Asia Biosafety Conference September 18‐19, 2013 Taj Ambassador Hotel, New Delhi, India Dr. Thiago Souza Embrapa Rice & Beans Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil [email protected] +55 (62) 3533‐2129 +55 (62) 8127‐0254 Outline Considerations for the Commercialization of Embrapa’s Virus Resistant Common Bean (Embrapa 5.1) Overview on the common bean crop in Brazil Brief history of the Embrapa 5.1 technology Stewardship Program Post‐approval field trials for cultivar registration Seed production (breeders seed, pre-basic and basic seed) Technical perspectives on commercial release Dry Beans ‐ Brazil Brazil is the second largest producer of dry beans in the world after India Production in 2011 was estimated at 3.43 million tonnes (US$ 1.98 billion) FAOSTATS Source: IBGE (2012), modified by Embrapa Rice and Beans. Some Embrapa’s common bean cultivars BGMV ‐ Bean Golden Mosaic Virus • Losses in grain production may range from 40 to 100% / 90‐to‐280,000 tonnes per year. • Annual losses would be enough to feed from six to 20 million of adult Brazilians. • At least 200,000 ha became impractical for bean growth in Brazil due to the BGMV; about 10% of the total common bean growing area. BGMV ‐ Bean Golden Mosaic Virus Deformation of pods and grains BGMV ‐ Bean Golden Mosaic Virus This geminivirus is transmitted by the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil – March 2013 Severe foliar yellow mosaic symptoms Effective resistance has not been identified in P. vulgaris germplasm over 40 years of conventional breeding efforts in Brazil Dr. Francisco Aragão Embrapa Cenargen Dr. Josias Faria Embrapa Rice & Beans Embrapa ‐ Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Brazilian Government. Embrapa’s BGMV Resistant Bean ‐ Event Embrapa 5.1 RNAi Technology No new protein d 35S CaMV sense intron antisense nosT alça Aragão & Faria (2009) Nature Biotechnology 27: 1086‐1088. Transformation Process ‐ Event Embrapa 5.1 Method patented by Embrapa PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT OR BIOLISTICS Event Embrapa 5.1 Official Biosafety Assessment CTNBio ‐ National Technical Commission on Biosafety Multidisciplinary consultative body established under the Ministry of Science and Technology to provide technical and advisory support to the Federal Goverment for the implementation of the national biosafety policy Brazilian Biosafety Policy Law (Law No. 11,105/2005) Molecular characterization Agronomic characterization Environmental risk assessment Nutritional composition analysis Food security assessment Biosafety Assessment Project Leader: Dr. Josias Faria Embrapa Rice & Beans Production of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) crop in Brazil per State % Embrapa’s BGMV Resistant Bean ‐ Event Embrapa 5.1 Commercial Approval ‐ Sep. 16, 2011 CTNBio: http://www.ctnbio.gov.br/ Cristalina, GO, Brazil – 15/Aug/2013 Field Meeting ‐ Common Bean Farmers Second largest (by volume) producer of transgenic crops in the world, in 2012 Brazil planted over 36 million ha of transgenic soybean, corn and cotton. Source: James (2012). Brazilian Commercial Approvals (up to September 2013) Soybean: 5 traits Corn: 19 traits TOLERANCE TO HERBICIDES AND INSECT Cotton: 12 traits Common bean: Embrapa 5.1 Brazil ‐ Very Attractive Seed Market Estimated at over US$ 2 billion (third largest market in value) Embrapa 5.1 BGMV Resistant Bean Cultivar Development BC Program Transgene Estability Event Embrapa 5.1 Olathe GM Pérola and BRS Pontal Backcrossing (BC) Program Credited to Dr. Josias C. Faria Final field trials # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Genotype 1-4-8-2-3-NIL PÉROLA 1-10-6-1-2-NIL PÉROLA 1-16-10-2-NIL PÉROLA 10-5-6-1-2-NIL PÉROLA 094-NIL Pontal 097-NIL Pontal 107-NIL Pontal 125-NIL Pontal 132-NIL Pontal 138-NIL Pontal Pérola BRS Pontal IPR Eldorado BRB 169 CNFP 15882 Embrapa code CNFCT 16201 CNFCT 16202 CNFCT 16203 CNFCT 16204 CNFCT 16205 CNFCT 16206 CNFCT 16207 CNFCT 16208 CNFCT 16209 CNFCT 16210 BGF7384 CNFC7813 IPREldorado BGF8419 CNFP15882 Note Transgenic Transgenic Transgenic Transgenic Transgenic Transgenic Transgenic Transgenic Transgenic Transgenic Conventional Conventional Conventional Conventional Conventional National Assay Network Final field trials to evaluate the agronomic performance of the bean transgenic lines Embrapa’s Units: 1) Arroz e Feijão 2) Trigo 3) Milho e Sorgo 4) Agropecuária Oeste 5) Cerrados 6) Tabuleiros Costeiros 7) Rondônia 8) Soja 9) SPM (6 ETs) 10) CTAA 11) Semi-Árido Partners: 1) UFLA 2) UFV 3) UFU 4) UFG 5) Epamig 6) Empaer MT 7) EBDA 8) IPA 9) Cooperativas e Consultores Stewardship Program Ensure that “Embrapa 5.1 Technology" WILL NOT get in the market BEFORE its COMMERCIAL RELEASE Stewardship Program Detailed guidance on best practices to ensure containment, segregation, control and traceability of transgenic materials Stewardship Program Trainings on best practices for different activities Almost 100 employees trained since 2011 Stewardship Program Transgenic seed collection (seed bank) Stewardship Program Field Trials ‐ Sowing GPS coordinates 10m Stewardship Program Field Trials ‐ Harvesting Stewardship Program Clean‐up Protocol Final Field Trials ‐ Finalized # Loc Season 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 First/2012 First/012 Second/2012 Third/2012 Third/2012 Third/2012 Third/2012 First/2013 First/2013 First/2013 First/2013 First/2013 Trial ID F11VCT001 F11VCT002 F11VCT003 F11VCT005 F11VCT007 F11VCT008 F11VCT009 F11VCT011 F11VCT013 F11VCT012 F11VCT006 F11VCT010 Location State Santo Antônio de Goiás Anápolis Santo Antônio de Goiás Sete Lagoas Ponta Grossa Santo Antônio de Goiás Brasília Londrina Santo Antônio de Goiás Brasília Sete Lagoas Dourados GO GO GO MG PR GO DF PR GO DF MG MS Three field trials in course - Season: Second/2013 Final Field Trials ‐ Main Conclusions # Genotype Embrapa code Note 1 1-4-8-2-3-NIL PÉROLA CNFCT 16201 Transgenic 2 1-10-6-1-2-NIL PÉROLA CNFCT 16202 Transgenic 3 1-16-10-2-NIL PÉROLA CNFCT 16203 Transgenic 4 10-5-6-1-2-NIL PÉROLA CNFCT 16204 Transgenic 5 094-NIL Pontal CNFCT 16205 Transgenic 6 097-NIL Pontal CNFCT 16206 Transgenic 7 107-NIL Pontal CNFCT 16207 Transgenic 8 125-NIL Pontal CNFCT 16208 Transgenic 9 132-NIL Pontal CNFCT 16209 Transgenic 10 138-NIL Pontal CNFCT 16210 Transgenic 11 Pérola BGF7384 Conventional 12 BRS Pontal CNFC7813 Conventional 13 IPR Eldorado IPREldorado Conventional 14 15 BRB 169 CNFP 15882 BGF8419 CNFP15882 Conventional Conventional Status Potential No selected No selected SELECTED Potential Potential SELECTED Potential Potential No selected Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil – December 2012 Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil ‐ August 2013 Seed Production is on Schedule (breeders and pre‐basic seed) Technical target for the commercial release: 2015/2016 ‐ 50,000 ha (25%) Handle large growing areas for agronomic performance observation and certified seed production following the Stewardship Program is challenging… We’re still working on the business plan for the Embrapa 5.1 technology... Development of new transgenic bean cultivars Backcrossing (BC) Program Assisted by Molecular Markers Doador x Recurrent PCR F1 4 months x Recurrent PCR BC1F1 4 months x Recurrent PCR BC2F1 4 months x Recurrent PCR + FP BC3F1 4 months >99% (93,75%) PCR BC3F2 4 months Homozigosity 4 months BC3F2:3 24 months %GR = 100 x [1‐(0,5)n+1] Embrapa common bean cv. BRS Estilo Embrapa’s Common Bean Breeding Team Research Scientist Adriane Wendland Helton Pereira Leonardo Melo Luis Cláudio de Faria Thiago Souza Senior Research Assistant Jose Luis Cabrera Mariana Cruzick Nilda Pessoa Research Assistant João Donizete Puríssimo Marcos Ataíde Paulo Fernando Vicente Henrique Thank you! Dr. Thiago Souza Embrapa Rice & Beans Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil [email protected] +55 (62) 3533‐2129 +55 (62) 8127‐0254