A Common Vocabulary for SOA - Reducing Risk and Costs While

Dennis E. Wisnosky,
Primitives and Style: A Common
Vocabulary for SOA - Reducing
Risk and Costs While
Improving
Collaboration and Agility
DoD BMA CTO &
Chief Architect in the
Office of the Deputy Chief
Management Officer
July 13, 2010
DCMO CTO/CA
Missions of the DoD
Warfighter
Mission
Area
Business
Mission
Area
Intel
Mission
Area
Enterprise Information Environment
Mission Area
Dennis E. Wisnosky, DoD BMA CTO &
Chief Architect in the Office of the
Deputy Chief Management Officer (DCMO)
Global Reach!
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The Business Operating Environment
Reach of the Business Mission Area
"The Secretary of Defense is responsible for a halftrillion dollar enterprise that is roughly an order of
magnitude larger than any commercial corporation that
has ever existed. DoD estimates that business support
activities—the Defense Agencies and the business
support operations within the Military Departments—
comprise 53% of the DoD enterprise.”
The Challenge!
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The Challenge
Issue: Infrastructure
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57% of DoD I.T. Costs are in Infrastructure
SOURCE: http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/e-gov/
Issue: Data
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DoD Projects Have Own Data
Issue: Redundancy
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DoD Contractors Build Separate
Infrastructures & Dictionaries
Small Slice of the As-Is
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A Small Slice of the As-Is
We Must Make Sense Out of This!
How is Industry Addressing the Problem?
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XX, Inc - Business Transformation Program
2004 to 2008
Reduce number of applications from 5,000 to 1,500.
Reduce the number of servers from 19,000 to 10,000.
Increase server utilization from 20% to 80%.
Consolidate 100 world sites for IT development to 29.
Consolidate 85 data centers to six.
Build a data warehouse to be SOA accessible.
Reduce I.T. workforce from 19,000 to 8,000, and
–  Reduce contractors from 11,000 to < 5,000.
!  80% of staff on new projects, 20% on maintenance.
!  IT Budget 2004 = $3.04B – IT Budget 2008 = $2.11B
! 
! 
! 
! 
! 
! 
! 
Magic Sauce
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Magic Sauce: BPR + SOA
(Services Oriented Architecture)
!  Example experiences of global organization with: 90
million transactions daily - 7000 business rules
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
1100 C programs consolidated into 40 Services
3 months from prototype to practice
More than 90% development time savings
12 week C development estimate reduced to 1 week
Had 10 Servers, now 5 with 2X band width
Had 73.5 FTEs, now 13 fewer FTEs and doing more
There is a DoD Economic Imperative
Transformation Through SOA!
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Transformation through SOA
“The DoD and IC share a vision for a services-based environment that
leverages technologies to provide access to information and business
processes, and interoperable infrastructure and standards to enable discovery,
availability and trust.”
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SOA Objectives
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What is the Objective of SOA in DoD?
! The capacity to:
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–  Discover Applications Anywhere;
–  Display the Capabilities of All Applications;
–  Discover Network Data from a Data Registry;
–  Mediate the Extraction of Data from Data Bases;
–  Execute Requests from Multiple Servers;
–  Provide Credentials Validation to Everyone;
–  Deliver Results at “Google Speed” of <0.25
second;
–  Operate Network with Downtime of < 5 minutes/
year.
2025
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2025 SOA Forecast: >1,000 Billion
Transactions / Hour
Enterprise Architecture
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Enterprise Architecture requires
Humans to Communicate…
…So Systems and Services
can talk to each other
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Why is this hard?
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Enterprise Architecture
! Many Frameworks
! Many Views
! Many Techniques
–  UML, IDEF, BPMN, RAD, EPC, PowerPoint and
many, many others...
Game-Changing Innovations!
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Game-Changing Innovations
!  If we can precisely state requirements and precisely describe
data/services, we will be able to find them and know how to use
them to facilitate
–  Integration and Interoperability
!  We must describe both the data/services and requirements with
enough precision to accomplish the goal
!  We use
–  BPMN/Primitives for business mission descriptions
–  OWL and RDF for domains, services, data, capabilities and
requirements descriptions
Common Vocabulary and Primitives
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As-Is : To-Be
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As-Is:To-Be
Source: What’s New!
IBM SOA Maturity Model
DoD Business Operations Strategy and Roadmap!
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Strategy and Roadmap for DoD Business Operations
Transformation
Past
Present
Future
(BMA Federation Strategy version 2.4a)
(BOE Execution Roadmap)
(BMA Architecture Strategy version 3.0)
BEA 3.0
DoD Strategic Mgmt. Plan (SMP)
Performance Measures
CIO – DIEA, Segment Archi.
CV & Primitives
Initial
Arch. Fed.
BOE
Experience
Version
2.4a
MDR
Biz. Intelligence
Federation
Implementation
Plan
BOE Vision
Roadmap:
Architecture
Governance
Socialization
Services
Infrastructure
Vision & Strategy
Planning & Roadmap
Infrastructure
Governance
Data Integration
BOE Service
Enablement
Business Intelligence
Execution
DBSAE
SOA
Imp.
Strategy
(BTI) NCES/CES
DBSMC/IRBs
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Enterprise
Stds.
Common Vocabulary
(Ontologies)
Domains
HRM/ Med
FM
Logistics
RPILM
WSLM/
MSSM
Semantic
Information
Data Sharing and
BI Enablement
DCMO/CIO Policies
RDF
OWL
other
Rules/Workflow
Security
BEA 8.x
CIO/DISA – Federal Cloud
DCMO/DCIO; EGB; BECCM
Possible Semantic Information Approach
18
BEA - Solution Concept
API
Sources
Controlled
Vocabularies
API
Mapping Rules
Query
Builder
Service API
Service
Service
Service
Rules
Engine
Semantic Cache
Query
Dispatcher
API
OWL Models
Results
Processor
Controlled
Vocabularies
Triple Store
SPIN
Query Broker
Transform
Services Controller
SPARQL
End Point
Import
API
API
Adaptor(s)
Service
API
Service
BEA 360
Query
Orchestrator
OWL Models
Models
TDB
XMI
DM2 OWL Metamodel(s)
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No Adaptors, No Time!
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Provide Industry and DoD Leadership
Standards-based Architecture
We Have a Plan!
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Q1
Q2
FY08
Q3
CTO CA Master Planning
Q4
Q1
Federation
Strategy and
Roadmap
v2.4a
Q2
Q4
Q1
Q2
FY10
Q3
BEA 6.0
BEA 7.0
Market Research Cycle 1
Q1
Q2
PriMo/
PrOnto
Draft
SOA
e-Learning
2
SOA
e-Learning
3
BOE Strategy
and Roadmap v3
AV-2
Primitives
Prototype1.0 Release
SOA
e-Learning
Assessment
and Feedback
SOA
e-Learning
4
DoDAF 2.0
Journal Released
FY11
Q3
Q4
Q1
BEA 8.0
Use Case: JCAS
Mission Thread
as PrimitivesCompliant OV-6c
Capabilities
Vocabulary
UPDM
Primitives
EA Methodology 1.0
DCMO
BECCM
COI Memo
Common Vocabulary –
Governance BECCM
OMG BPMN 2.0 Primitives
Primitives
Conformance
Class
BPMN 2.0
Draft
First
BECCM
UoM
Standard
BECCM
CONOPS
Heat
Map v1
BTA SOA
Implementation
Strategy
Common Vocabulary –
Logical to Physical
BTA Data
Integration
Strategy
Portal
IFA
POD 1
Semantic Environment - EIW
Heat
Map v2
SV-4
SV-10c
Extended
Primitives Primitives CARP
BECCM
Topics
APUID
Assessment
Address
Standard
POD 2
POD 3
Program
Standard
ESM
IFA
BTA-FDA
Pilot
BTA SOA
Implementation
Strategy v2
Hosting
IFA
EA Methodology 2.0
Heat
Map v3
Standard
POD 4
Semantic
Primitives (2.0)
Common
Vocabulary/
Semantic
Information
OV-6a
Primitives
DBSAE Systems
DoD/IC
BTA-GEX Mediation
Engineering CONOPS
Pilot
Strategy
Data
Integration
IFA
Q4
Future SOA e-Learning
SV 1,2
AV-2
Primitives
1.0 Release
FY12
Q3
Interoperable
Architectures
Primitives/BEA, DoDAF 2.0
AV-2
Draft
Q2
3rd SOA
Symposium
Market Research Cycle 2
SOA
e-Learning
1
Primitives/
Lexicon
Kick-Off
Q4
2nd SOA
Symposium
1st SOA
Symposium
BEA 5.0
CTO CA Core Support
FY09
Q3
POD 5
BAM
IFA
POD 6
BTA-FAA
Pilot
Data
Virtualization
Pilot
Service-Enabled
**SECURE**
Cloud
POD 7
POD 8
BI Team
In-Place
Universal BI
Enterprise Standards
Milestones
Early
Standards
Analysis tool
First Ab initio
Analysis tool
Tool
application to
Enterprise
Standards
VIPS
PDA RFP
V1.1
High-Level
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PDA
Follow
Procurement
BI
BEIS BI
Integration
CV Pilots –
Standards,
Data Integration,
Tool use for Kick-off CV CV Data
Data Store Store POC Compliance CV v1.2
UoM
Complete
Future
PDA
v1.2
CV v1.3
BI Policy Documents:
DTM 8260/8321, Arch,
Governance, Use of
BI Shared Services Policy
Services, PfM
Business
Intelligence
Programs
Interoperable Architectures!
DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA
BI PMO Study
Kick-off
21
SMP- E2E - BEA
Common way of Building Architecture!
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Building Common Vocabularies
What is the
architecture
supposed to
achieve?
Capability
Vocabulary
Define Capabilities
Items:
•  Objectives
•  Features
•  Services
Capability
View
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Which data/
resources will
be consumed
or produced?
Which
processes/
activities will
provide the
capabilities?
Activity
Define
Activities
Vocabulary
Items:
•  Verbs
Resource
Define
Resources
Vocabulary
Items:
• Nouns
Process
View
Data &
Rule View
Who/What
will be
involved?
Performer
Define
Performers
Vocabulary
Items:
•  Roles
•  Systems
•  Actors
Process
View
What Common Vocabulary Enables!
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Common Vocabulary in Action
California University of Pennsylvania
hasName
DBpedia
(Wikipedia)
Dataset
Graph1
DoDAF Wizdom
hasTitle
Dennis Wisnosky
graduatedFrom
university
hasName
hasName
hasName
University of Dayton
book
University of Pittsburgh
writtenBy
person
Who wrote “DoDAF Wizdom”?
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Common Vocabulary in Action
Where was Dennis Wisnosky born?
Graph2
hasName
DoD HR
Dataset
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person
bornIn
Dennis Wisnosky
Washington
DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA
yearOfBirth
19XX
locatedIn
Pennsylvania
25
Information Merging
California University of Pennsylvania
hasName
DBpedia
(Wikipedia)
Dataset
DoDAF Wizdom
hasTitle
hasName
University of Dayton
University of Pittsburgh
writtenBy
hasName
Graph3
university
hasName
hasName
book
DoD HR
Dataset
Dennis Wisnosky
graduatedFrom
person
bornIn
Dennis Wisnosky
Washington
yearOfBirth
19XX
locatedIn
Pennsylvania
Wikipedia Dataset:
Who wrote “DoDAF
Wizdom”?
DoD HR Dataset:
Where was Dennis
Wisnosky born?
Combined Dataset: Where was the person
who wrote DoDAF
Wisdom born?
Must Have Common Way to Build Common Vocabularies!
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Other Disciplines Can Do It!
Not This
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But This:
DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA
Primitives!
27
Standards-based Architecture - Primitives
Standard
Symbols
Standards
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PriMo
foundation
for
Modeling Guide
PrOnto
Music Language and
Symbols:
Ontology (Lexicon)
input for
Architecture Primitives
Engineering Language
and Symbols:
• DoDAF 2.0 serves as the
foundation for architecture
primitives
• Use Cases being developed and
used to drive pilots
influences
Best Practices
informed
by
Guide
Architecture Primitives
Style
Different
Frameworks
DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA
DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA
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Common
Vocabulary!
28
Common Vocabulary Development
! Identify information to
communicate
! Agree on terms and
contextual use
! Communicate
Well Documented Intentions!
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Architecture Primitives Series
OV-6c
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Primitives lead to Patterns
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Patterns & Primitives
NEWS FLASH!
OMG Selects DoD Primitives
as a BPMN
!  Provides basic definitions
of the architecture model PrOnto
semantics
!  Provides elementary rules
for the connectivity of
y
onar
i
t
c
i
primitive constructs
D
!  Provides foundation
building blocks for
constructing architecture
products
!  Caveat: A common
vocabulary by itself does
not guarantee high quality
products
Conformance Class!
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Guide
PriMo
!  A style guide provides
subjective advice that will
ensure the design of high
quality products
!  A style guide advises on
–  Choice of words
•  Which constructs
are appropriate
in a given
situation
–  Choice of grammar
•  How to combine
constructs to
maximum effect 31
Will Industry Care?
DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA
Style
We Are Underway!
Use of a Pattern!
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BI Service Vision
Ad Hoc and Standard
Displays
DCMO
Business
Operations
Performance
Service Level
Agreements
E2E
Virtual
Project Teams
Source
Data Values
Query
Service
Service Pulls Data
Authoritative Process Data
Primitives Compliant
Business Process
Model
The HR Enterprise
Information Web (EIW)
is the
E2E
E2E
first application of the BI Design Pattern
Owners make data
available
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HR EIW BI Example
Multiple Sources
HR
Data
Store
HR
Data
Store
Single view
HR
Data
Store
DMDC Data Stores
HR
Source
HR
Source
HR
Source
Services Data Stores
Common Vocabulary
HR
Source
Combine and
Analyze
External Data
Combine multiple data and service sources into single view
The rest of the story!
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All of the Pieces Together!
Data Presentation
Authoritative Data Stores
HR
Data Store
HR
Data Store
HR
Data Store
DoDI Personnel
Data Store
Common Vocabulary
Data
Store
Data
Store
Data
Store
Data
Store
Governance Processes
Common Vocabulary
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Interoperable and Federated
7/13/2010
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0)'/
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0)'/
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0)'/
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0)'/
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0)'/
"+'',
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/*+,
/*+,
/*+,
/*+,
*+,
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Services Layer
Primitives & Design Patterns
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End-to-End Processes
Getting the Word Out
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Websites for SOA and Business Operating Environment Updates
http://www.bta.mil/products/training/SOA/index.html
http://www.bta.mil/products/bea_7_0/BEA/html_files/soa.html
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Thank you!
Questions?
[email protected]
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