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Present
Semantic Technology in the Department of Defense, Business Mission Area Dennis E. Wisnosky, DoD BMA CTO & Chief Architect in the Office of the Deputy Chief Management Officer October 28, 2010 DCMO CTO/CA Missions of the DoD Warfighter Business Intel Mission Mission Mission Area Area Area Enterprise Information Environment Mission Area Dennis E. Wisnosky, DoD BMA CTO & Chief Architect in the Office of the Deputy Chief Management Officer (DCMO) Global Reach! 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 1 The Business Operating Environment Reach of the Business Mission Area "The Secretary of Defense is responsible for a halftrillion dollar enterprise that is roughly an order of magnitude larger than any commercial corporation that has ever existed. DoD estimates that business support activities—the Defense Agencies and the business support operations within the Military Departments— comprise 53% of the DoD enterprise. Challenges! 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 2 57% of DoD I.T. Costs are in Infrastructure Issue: Infrastructure SOURCE: http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/e-gov/ Issue: Redundancy DoD Contractors Build Separate Infrastructures & Dictionaries DoD Projects Have Own Data Issue: Data Small Slice of the As-Is 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 3 A Small Slice of the As-Is We Must Make Sense Out of This! Game-Changing Innovations! 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 4 Game-Changing Innovations Common Vocabulary and Primitives If we can precisely state requirements and precisely describe data/services, we will be able to find them and know how to use them to facilitate: – Integration and Interoperability We must describe both the data/services and requirements with enough precision to accomplish the goal We use: – BPMN/Primitives for business mission descriptions – OWL and RDF for domains, services, data, capabilities and requirements descriptions To-Be State 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 5 To-Be State Dynamic, event-driven reconfiguration of services DoD Business Operations Strategy and Roadmap! 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 6 Strategy and Roadmap for DoD Business Operations Transformation Past Future (BOE Execution Roadmap) (BMA Architecture Strategy version 3.0) DoD Strategic Mgmt. Plan (SMP) DCMO/CIO Policies BEA 3.0 Performance Measures CIO – DIEA, Segment Archi. CV & Primitives Initial Arch. Fed. BOE Experience Version 2.4a MDR Biz. Intelligence Federation Implementation Plan BOE Vision Roadmap: Architecture Governance Socialization Services Infrastructure Vision & Strategy Planning & Roadmap Infrastructure Governance Data Integration BOE Service Enablement Business Intelligence Execution 10/28/2010 RDF OWL other Rules/Workflow DBSAE SOA Imp. Strategy (BTI) NCES/CES DBSMC/IRBs Enterprise Stds. Common Vocabulary (Ontologies) Domains HRM/ Med FM Logistics RPILM WSLM/ MSSM Semantic Information Data Sharing and BI Enablement (BMA Federation Strategy version 2.4a) Present Security BEA 8.x CIO/DISA – Federal Cloud DCMO/DCIO; EGB; BECCM DWizOperations DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CASemantic web Solutions Business thru 7 Business Operations thru Semantic web Solutions Semantic Web Initiative – Business IT development methodology 3-step pattern • Modeling the business capability to be deployed • Preparing and populating a modern information model and data store • Implementing the capability by deploying business services – Model-Data-Implement semantic web pattern is designed to field capabilities in 60-90 days; this supports the Departments goal to move away from monolithic systems that take years to deploy – Current application of this pattern to achieve high performing business operations: • Enterprise Information Web (EIW) • Performance Data Automation (PDA) – DCMO is preparing policy and instructions to fully instantiate the Semantic Web initiative and take advantage of W3C and OMG standards and semantic technologies that the commercial sector is widely deploying Modeling: Primitives! 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 8 Standards-based Architecture - Primitives Modeling the business capability to be deployed Standard Symbols Standards • DoDAF 2.0 serves as the foundation for architecture primitives • Use Cases being developed and used to drive pilots 10/28/2010 Architecture Primitives Capacitor symbol PriMo Modeling Guide foundation for Resistor symbol PrOnto Music Language and Symbols: Music Scale symbols Notes symbols This agreed upon representation of music allows a common understanding… Ontology (Lexicon) input for Engineering Language and Symbols: This agreed upon representation of electrical engineering allows a common understanding… influences Best Practices informed by Guide Architecture Primitives Style Different Frameworks Standard ry iona t c i Language (terms D and defini1ons) Well Documented Intentions! DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 9 Architecture Primitives Series Modeling the business capability to be deployed OV-6c DoD Architecture Framework Processes Best-‐Prac1ce h>p://cio-‐nii.defense.gov/sites/dodaf20/journal_exp3.html Primitives lead to Patterns 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 10 Patterns & Primitives Modeling the business capability to be deployed NEWS FLASH! Style OMG Selects DoD Primitives as a BPMN 2.0 Ø Provides basic definitions of the architecture model PrOnto semantics Ø Provides elementary rules for the connectivity of ry iona primitive constructs Dict Ø Provides foundation building blocks for constructing architecture products Ø Caveat: A common vocabulary by itself does not guarantee high quality products Conformance Class! 10/28/2010 PriMo Ø A style guide provides subjective advice that will ensure the design of high quality products Ø A style guide advises on – Choice of words • Which constructs are appropriate in a given situation – Choice of grammar • How to combine constructs to maximum effect 11 Will Industry Care? DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA Guide We Are Underway! Modeling the business capability to be deployed BEA Solution Statement 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 12 BEA Solution Statement Modeling the business capability to be deployed • Virtualization: pull & display (vice store!) enterprise information directly from the authoritative data sources • Agility: plug-and-play federated environment so new systems or analytical needs can come online and go offline without disrupting the overall environment • Federation: build federation into the solution • Standards: leverage BPM and Semantic Web technology standards (RDF/OWL) developed by DARPA and approved by W3C and OMG • Savings: People readable Architecture, Machine readable Architecture, Executable Architecture, Long-term re-use of authoritative data RDF/ OWL BPMN Interoperability 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 13 Interoperability (Federation) in BEA Approach Modeling the business capability to be deployed Federation: P P P P The Interstate highway system The railroad system The United States of America DOD is a federation Steps 1. Build Domain Vocabularies: describe all of the artifacts in each domain using RDF/OWL standards • DoD currently does this description work, but without standards – often in Excel, Word, Powerpoint, Visio, etc 2. Relate Domains: use RDF/OWL based descriptions to say how domains are related • This is the big missing piece of the current standards approaches 3. Relate domain data to Domain Vocabulary: Use RDF/OWL to say how all of the data in each domain is related to the Domain vocabulary 4. Query the Domain Vocabulary for any information Result: BEA Enables Enterprise Information Web 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA Agility 14 Agility in the BEA Approach Preparing and populating a modern information model and data store Agility in process: P Agile development method; quarterly deliverables ; lessons learned influence next deliverable; Agility in product: P Once assets are unambiguously described, whole environment becomes plug and play P Eg: New CIO policy issued: • Today: additions/changes to relational environment very costly • BEA: RDF/OWL graph-based information model is infinitely extensible and inexpensive to change; just add concept to the graph and point to its authoritative data source (ADS) Agility in query development P Queries are machine and human readable P Fast to develop across disparate ADSs 10/28/2010 NOTE: up-front time and labor cost of unambiguously describing assets is not trivial Savings DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 15 Example Savings in this BEA Approach Preparing and populating a modern information model and data store Flexibility & Data accuracy P Current standards approaches force rigid conformity in understanding and representation of data. Result: very painful and expensive retroactive coding. P Semantic approach allows for variation in understanding while prescribing conformity in representation. Result: flexibility at the instance level and accuracy at the enterprise level Tank? Interface development P E.G.: 5 systems require interfaces to each other (20 interfaces). If each system s information model is semantically described, only have to describe 5 interfaces Portfolio Management P Once information assets are unambiguously described, Domain vocabulary can assess gaps and redundancies in the portfolio and the architecture based on factual assessments 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA Svc Member Data Concept System Airman Svc Mem Pers Sys Soldier Svc Mem Pers Sys Sailor Svc Mem Pers Sys Lawyer Svc Mem Pers Sys DV to Arch? (notional depiction only) BEA Ontology 16 DoD BEA Ontology Preparing and populating a modern information model and data store Analytic Requirements References Shows which authoritative documents concepts have been extracted from Description of concepts in Enterprise Domain Domain/ Common Vocabulary Standards Ontologies Description of Standards – definitions, permitted values, usage, business rules, reference documents, etc. 10/28/2010 Models analytic requirements for the Domain Vocabulary and how they relate to the concepts in the Domain Vocabulary, including SPARQL queries Process Ontology ADS Mapping Ontology Mapping of domain vocabulary terms to the physical data elements they represent in the Authoritative Data Sources (ADS) DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA Translation of BPMs to OWL. Activity/Message descriptions include relationships to domain vocabulary terms. Example: SMP-E2E 17 Example SMP to End to End (E2E) Process Priority 5 – Strengthen DoD Financial Management “Procure to Pay” (P2P) Level 1 E2E in the BEA Preparing and populating a modern information model and data store SMP Metrics also to be rolled up to Level 1 SMP Metrics linked at Leaf Level (e.g., Level 2) “Perform Receipt Acceptance & Return” P2P Level 2 E2E in the BEA Leaf Level decomposition used to identify and define requirements “rolled up” to and visualizedCommon at Level 1 Vocabulary is Necessary! 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 18 Common Vocabulary Development Preparing and populating a modern information model and data store Ø Identify information to communicate Ø Agree on terms and contextual use Ø Communicate 10/28/2010 DoD BMA Architecture Methodology DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 19 Building Common Vocabularies Preparing and populating a modern information model and data store What is the architecture supposed to achieve? Capability Define Capabilities Vocabulary Items: • Objectives • Features • Services Capability View 10/28/2010 Which processes/ activities will provide the capabilities? Activity Define Activities Vocabulary Items: • Verbs Which data/ resources will be consumed or produced? Resource Define Resources Vocabulary Items: • Nouns Process View Data & Rule View Who/What will be involved? Performer Define Performers Vocabulary Items: • Roles • Systems • Actors Process View Common Vocabulary in Action! DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 20 Preparing and populating a modern information model and data store Ontology – Based California University of Pennsylvania Information Representation DBpedia (Wikipedia) Dataset DoDAF Wizdom hasTitle Dennis Wisnosky graduatedFrom university hasName hasName hasName University of Dayton book Graph1 hasName University of Pittsburgh writtenBy person Who wrote DoDAF Wizdom ? 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 21 Preparing and populating a modern information model and data store Ontology – Based Information Representation Where was Dennis Wisnosky born? Graph2 hasName DoD HR Dataset 10/28/2010 person bornIn Dennis Wisnosky Washington DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA yearOfBirth 19XX locatedIn Pennsylvania 22 Preparing and populating a modern information model and data store Information Merging California University of Pennsylvania hasName DBpedia (Wikipedia) Dataset DoDAF Wizdom Dennis Wisnosky hasTitle graduatedFrom university hasName hasName hasName University of Dayton book University of Pittsburgh writtenBy person Graph3 Wikipedia Dataset: Who wrote DoDAF Wizdom ? DoD HR Dataset: Where was Dennis Wisnosky born? Combined Dataset: Where was the person who person hasName wrote DoDAF Wisdom DoD HR bornIn born? Dataset 10/28/2010 Dennis Wisnosky Crawl, Walk, Run19XX - EIW Washington DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA yearOfBirth locatedIn Pennsylvania 23 HR Enterprise Information Web (EIW) Implementing the capability by deploying business services • Building an HR Common Vocabulary that will make future integration and development simpler • Building an executable information model to provide accurate and timely enterprise Personnel Visibility for the first time • Making compliance (eg: SFIS, IRB, BEA) exercises simpler, faster, meaningful, easier to maintain EIW Roadmap 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 24 HR EIW Multiple Sources HR HR Data Store Data Store HR Data Store The HR EIW is a mechanism for reaching into service applications to satisfy enterprise HR information needs. It accomplishes three things: Proofs of Delivery Modeling 9/09 Single View DMDC Data Stores Common Vocabulary Implementing the capability by deploying business services DoDI Personnel Data Store Component Data Stores mashup Data Data DataData – Reports real-time, authoritative HR StoreStore Store Store information on-demand. External Data – Supports HR enterprise Services information standards. 6/10 12/10 – Supports IT flexibility. Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 1 Publish Stds Increment 1 Increment 2 Transition Publish Stds 9/15 Sustainment Map OSD HR to Service Ontologies Compensate Publish Stds Increment 3 9/12 Develop, etc Federated Ontology DIMHRS & CHRIS Alignment Increment 4-n Publish Stds Modeling RDF Store Delivered 18 Dec 09 Process/Rules Mgt SME RDF Modeling 12/31 RDF Info Services 3/31 10/28/2010 Adv Mash-ups HR Domain Ontology Sustainment SPARQL Federation 6/30 12/10 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 9/12 25 HR Domain Ontology Implementing the capability by deploying business services Information discovery, interoperation, and integration all depend on description – If we do not know what something is we cannot possibly know how to integrate it with other things or even how it should be used If we describe everything, we are in a position to have a knowledge-based web – Rich analytics • Requirements gap analysis • Authoritative Data Source discovery • Answer any Personnel & Pay question – Integrate and interoperate RDF & OWL are the technology used to describe things – both machines and people can understand the descriptions BPM Informs Ontology 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 26 Implementing the capability by deploying business services BPM Methodology Goal: Develop correct, consistent, human and machine readable, high quality business process models BPMN Primitives Guidance SME Feedback Approach: Systematically Designed Architecture Products Input Process Artifacts Input Output Initial Semantic Models Output Collaboration takes place in CommonVocabulary.mil BP Modeler Questions Input Benefits: • Consistent, semantically aligned (end- to- end HR) business processes • Communicate effectively with the Services 10/28/2010 SME Feedback Output • Machine readable (queryable) business processes • Perform gap analysis • Standards based models result in fewer errors during implementation Collaboration DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 27 Community Workspace: www.Common Vocabulary.army.mil https://www.commonvocabulary.army.mil/ui/groups/HR_EIW Implementing the capability by deploying business services HR EIW & H2R E2E 10/28/2010 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 28 28 28 HR EIW and H2R E2E Implementing the capability by deploying business services Personnel Visibility not possible if DoD doesn t understand the Enterprise H2R E2E processes, information flows, data sources, integration points, standards and exceptions Eg: how does the Pay process work across DoD in the E2E? 10/28/2010 Need to know: where in E2E, which ADS, semantics (meaning) of data, 90 Day Deliverables – POD 1 and access DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 29 Implementing the capability by deploying business services S3 Backend PoD1 Architecture S4 Target Database DIMHRS Objectives Achieved: Data Virt ETL D M D C S1 S2 App Server ETL Server DV Server App Server Firewall DMZ Proxy Server ü Web Service ü DKO CAC Authentication ü Data Virtualization ü ETL Process ü DMDC MOU ü P&R HR Ontology Models ü DIMHRS Reuse HTTPS Port 443 for web traffic SOAP/XML XML File Web Service Call (bind) DKO 10/28/2010 Voluntary Retirement HTTPS Port 443 open for web traffic to DMDC HTML EIW POD: Transition (1/1/2008 – 11/1/2009)* 90 Day Deliverables – POD 2 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 30 RDF Warehouse Architecture (POD2) NIPRNet / Internet Host Network HTTPS Presentation & Business Logic Implementing the capability by deploying business services SPARQL SPARQL Data Access SPARQL Wiki Content Modeling User Agent (Web Browser) Web / Application Server ü Model Driven Analytics API ü Triple Store SPARQL Endpoint Schema Triples RDF Triple Store RDF Load RDF/ Relational Mapping SQL DIMHRS – HRTS2 Scrambled DB Relational Data Source ETL (Semantic Mapping) ü Model Driven ETL Real Time Interface Batch Process 90 Day Deliverables – POD 3 API 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 31 RDF Web Extensibility (POD3) Implementing the capability by deploying business services NIPRNet / Internet DMDC Network Real Time Interface User Agent (Web Browser) Presentation & Business Logic Batch Process HTTPS SPARQL Data Access Wiki Content API SPARQL SPARQL SPARQL Modeling API POD3 Goals • Support multiple triple stores • Map/Load/Query multiple data sources • Army (DIMHRS), USMC (MCTFS) • Model based ETL with COTS • Increase analytic capability • Army & USMC data from single query • Drill down by Service/Component • Expand Transition queries (TBD) • Compensation queries (TBD) • Demo at least one report (TBD) • Scenario based demo (scenarios TBD) SPARQL Endpoint Web / Application Server Ontology API Triples Triple Store SPARQL Endpoint OWL + Relational Mappings Manual File Transfer (No System Interface) Data Scramble // Scrambled USMC Records USMC Records (Relational) MCTFS ODSE – USMC Test Records (No PII) USMC Network 10/28/2010 Triples Triple Store Army + USMC (Triples) (No PII Allowed) MCTFS ODSE Ontology ETL (Model Based) DIMHRS – Army Test Records (No PII) Army + USMC (Triples) Identical data loaded into both triple stores. Army Records (Relational) DRAFT 04-22-2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA Use Case! 32 Operations – Country View: User Defined Query Semantics is a Team Sport! 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 33 Semantics is a Team Sport: EIW Extended Team • BTA: Developer of the EIW • OUSD (P&R): Functional sponsor and owner of the HRM Enterprise Standards (HRM ES) & Common Human Resource Information Standards (CHRIS) • Joint Staff, COCOMs, OSD analysts: Future User Community • DMDC: Future hosting site for the EIW • DCMO: Oversight • DFAS: Assessing HR-related pay requirements for the EIW Military Services: Identifying ADSs, providing functional SMEs, & Interoperability through: validating modeling Model – Data – Implement! 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 34 Interoperability through Model-Data-Implement 1.0 Common Vocabulary Process merge Referral from BECCM COI Send Issue to BECCM COI Enterprise-level Decision 3.0 Oversight Decision Enterprise-level Decision DCMO Who will work on Issue? BECCM 2.0 Assess Issue 7.0 Discuss Recommendation BECCM Mediation Receive Issue from COI COI WG Yes Approved? 4.0 Formulate Scope and Guidance Enterprise-level Decision 5.0 Designate SMEs Send Issue to COI No 6.0 BECCM WG Process WG BECCM Consensus Process 8.0 Update all appropriate Documents Yes Agreement? No Enterprise Data Issue Notification DCMO/PSA Domain COI/PSA Governance Topic is identified Policy, Processes & Tiered Accountability Common Architecture Methodology Phased Implementations Authoritative Data Sources HR Data Store HR Data Store HR Data Store DoDI Personnel Data Store Composite Service Composit e Service Composite Service Common Vocabulary Standard Representation and Composition Business Service Business Service Business Service Business Service Business Service Business Service Business Service Business Service Services Layer Common Vocabulary Component Data Stores Data Store Data Store Data Store Data Store Infra-‐structure Service External Data Services Semantic Technologies Infra-‐structure Service Infra-‐structure Service Infra-‐structure Service Infra-‐structure Service Infra-‐structure Service End-to-End Processes Agile Business Services Delivery Primitives 10/28/2010 & Design Patterns DoD Semantic Landscape DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 10/28/2010 35 DoD Business Operations Semantic Landscape Enterprise Standards RDF, OWL, Pronto, etc. Upper Ontology Semantic Foundation Common Vocabulary Provide semantic foundation and mappings to drive data integration (mediation & transformation) Semantic Data Mediation & Transformation Systems & Services Interoperability Business Rules (W3C Rules Interchange Format for standard exchange of rules) Domain Ontologies Provide semantics-based facts (RDF) and connections to Common Vocabulary (Ontologies) and Rules for machine reasoning Shape and Control the Transformation 02 PPT Transactional Data Stores 10/28/2010 Transform Business Intelligence: Data Sharing Reporting Ad Hoc Query Knowledge Exploration RDF Triple Stores EIW is first BI realization of this Achieving Net-Centricity: The One Takeaway DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA Data Sharing 36 Agile, Architecture-Driven, DoD Business Capability Delivery Governance Policy , Processes, Tiered Accountability Model Common Architecture Methodology Common Vocabulary Standard Representation and Composition Primitives and Design Patterns Data Authoritative Data Sources Semantic Technologies Implement Phased Implementations Agile Business Services Delivery Model to Guide Transformation Data to Improve Performance Implement to Deliver Capabilities 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 37 My own transformation… 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 38 Thank you! Questions? [email protected] 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 39 10/28/2010 DWiz DoD DCMO BMA CTO & CA 40
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