Nothing Down: How to start your GIS project with little or no cost
Transcription
Nothing Down: How to start your GIS project with little or no cost
Nothing Down: How to start your GIS project with little or no cost Ruslan Rainis (Prof) Opensource GIS Research Group School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia Minden 11800, Penang, Malaysia Email: [email protected] Geoinformation Science in Transforming Education and Research for Sustainable Tomorrow and ‘the Bottom Billions’ Background • Well-known that GIS is useful to many organizations for various routine, tactical & strategic decision making process. • But still many organizations do not yet implement/use GIS for various reasons. • One major reason – cost – Can we start GIS project with little or no cost? GIS 101 COMPONENTS OF GIS • Not just a technology - an integration of five basic components provides functions and tools to store, analyze, and display geographic information. Software Data Hardware integration of spatial data and tabular data (attributes) computer system on which a GIS operates Methods People GIS specialists vs end users Source: ESRI A successful GIS operates according to a well-designed implementation plan and business rules GIS COMPONENT (1) • hardware – computers to run software – other related software • software – computer program to process data • custom-written software • generic programs are more popular • data – processed for information retrieval – most costly compared with hardware and software – longer life span – at times, have legal value GIS COMPONENT (2) • People/Institution – individual and organisation that uses or implements GIS – critical components - decides the success of implementation • need for GIS professional to analyze, research, design complex GIS systems • difficult to change humans to adapt with new technology – always overlooked GIS Software functions Capture Analyze Store Display Query Output GIS SOFTWARE SUBSYSTEM (1) • data acquisition – define, entry and preliminary processing data – digitizer, scanner, survey equipment, etc. • data management – control existence, update, recall and deletion of data – database management system GIS SOFTWARE SUBSYSTEM(2) • analysis of data – generation of information from data archives – spatial analysis software – value of GIS depends on the analytic functions it provides • information output – generated information conveyed to the users – information managed by computers can be plotted, printed or exported into other systems. A Quick look at the cost of GIS implementation Some strategies how to implement gis with little or no cost • Use freely or opensource softwares – many available of many kinds • Use insider talents not money – use talents of existing staff • Exchange data with other organisations • Barter trade – offset cost of data capture with other equivalent values – E.g. give resell right to data (at agreed time period) • Rent instead of purchase • Provide incentive to staffs – extra leave or sponsor to family day Some strategies how to implement gis with little or no cost…2 • Sell ads space in newsletter to generate income to cover cost of GIS implementation – newsletter related to GIS. • Setup membership site – let say sharing experience & giving support using opensource GIS – Just imagine if you charge RM20/month & have 500 members, total income RM10,000 per month (make money while you sleep). How to implement gis with little or no cost What is Open Source and How Does it Work Freely available software and source code with limited licensing restrictions on distribution Collaborative, community-based software development process Proactively engages software users with software developers The Internet provides the backbone for a virtual software development team Tpyes of OpenSource GIS • Software Development – Desk-top – Web-based (mapserver) – Libraries • Development team – Individual-based – Collaborative networks – Corporation based Why Opensource GIS? • The Future of GIS – GIS for ALL & SpatiallyEnabled Society Why Increasing Interests in OS GIS (Benefits of the Open Source Model) Lower Software Cost - No licensing fees Resources are allocated to building applications and enhancing software, not licensing multiple machines • • Independence from proprietary technology Security – risks especially sensitive applications such as e-government, e-procurement • Enables development of highly customized applications based on organisation’s needs – greater control Development priorities are driven by end-user needs Issues can be resolved in-house Vibrant user community – include corporate support Standards support – Open GIS Consortium Software quality - improved Examples of OS GIS Examples of OS GIS • • • • • • • Google Map Quantum GIS Open Jump DIVA GIS MapWindow gvSIG SPRING GoogleMap Quantum GIS OpenJUMP GIS DIVA-GIS MapWindow MapWindow MapWindow SPRING Example Projects Thank you for listening GIS for Lembah Bujang Archeological study • Use GoogleMap & MapServer – for easy access – Locational data using GPS. GIS for Secondary School • Use MapServer (web-based) & Open Jump (desktop) – Case study Form 1 Geography Subject The uses of OpenJUMP in teaching geography subject to Form 1 students. Web-based tourist information system • Use MapServer – to find shortest distance from origin to various tourist destinations Sistem Bantuan Pengurusan KETENGAH-GIS ( SBPK-GIS ) http://gis.ketengah.gov.my Courtesy of Spatialworks Sdn Bhd SBPK-GIS KETENGAH An online web-GIS application for data sharing among division in KETENGAH. Functionalities: • • • • • • • • System Administration and User administration module Online map navigational Module Online dynamic Map Feature Search module Online attribute editing module Online dynamic map composition and printing module Online document/photo upload to feature User access and security control System log Online SBPK-GIS: http://gis.ketengah.gov.my Toggle Button System Admin. Zooming tools Pan Information Select Rectangle Upload Data layer list Query Ruler Eraser Print ONLINE Map Viewing Online SBPK-GIS 97 layers of topo data 48 layers of as-built plan data 271 layers of scanned images 30 layers of other data layers Total: 446 data layers in SBPK-GIS Development of Pilot GIS for the KETARA and Trans Perak Irrigation Scheme Online Irrigation Schemes Information System ( OISIS ) http://bpsp.moa.my/website/ http://spatialworks.mine.nu/website/ Courtesy of Spatialworks Sdn Bhd OISIS System Modules Scheduling Monitoring Maintenance Benchmarking GIS Administrator • to support irrigation scheduling • to measure the ••to •effectiveness to support support water irrigation ofsupply spatial database •irrigation to support monitoring infrastructures against atsystem intake management of administration function points paddy management and productivity water and level irrigation infrastructures that include assigning maintenance in the paddy field user ids, passwords, and their access level Contoh Sistem Pangkalan Data GIS Berpusat - Sistem Maklumat Pemetaan & Geospatial (SiMPeG), DBKK http://spatialworks.mine.nu/dbkk/ Open Source GIS Application for DBKK Open Source GIS Application for DBKK Shortest Path Routing Application using Open Source http://spatialworks.mine.nu/fastroute/ EIA-GIS Web GIS Application (DOE) Open Source GIS Application for JKNNS Vehicle Tracking System Comparison of several opensource gis softwares • Task – Find a suitable site for a new university aquaculture lab using the following selection criteria: • Preferred land use is brushland (i.e. locode = 300 in landuse.shp) • Choose soil types suitable for development (i.e. suit >= 2 in soils.shp) • Site must be within 300 meters of sewer lines – Calculate the total area of the suitable site(s). Comparison of geoprocessing operations in open source GIS and Commercial GIS (GIS A). No Indicators OpenJump gvSIG QGIS 1.4.0 QGIS 1.5.0 GIS A 1 Time (minute:second) to 'Create 300m buffer of sewers.shp' 00:02 00:03 00:01 00:01 00:02 2 Time (minute:second) soils.shp and landuse.shp' 'Union 00:05 00:06 00:05 00:05 00:03 3 Time (minute:second) to 'Intersect result of step 1 (buffer) and step 2 (union)' 00:06 00:03 00:03 00:02 00:03 4 Time (minute:second) to 'Dissolve final selected polygon' 00:01 00:03 00:02 00:01 00:02 5 Number of steps required to complete the task 8 10 9 9 8 6 Total time (minute:second) to complete the task 04:09 07:31 05:15 04:04 03:47 7 Total of suitable area (m2) 48158.3 47205.8 47618.2 47618.2 48171.0 to The Future for Open Source Technologies More accessible Internet Adoption of open standards Tighter integration among open source technologies More demanding applications Rapidly maturing and growing user and developer communities Summary & Conclusion • It is possible to start GIS project with little or no cost if there is willingness to try & change in mindset. • One possible approach is to use Opensource GIS software to minimize software licensing cost. • Most OS GIS softwares provide at least the basic GIS functions – data capture, management, manipulation, analysis & display – sufficient to start using GIS – especially for data input. Summary & Conclusion • Increasing availability of Open source GIS will enable new users to start using GIS for free or low-cost – suitable for developing countries – In long-run all interested parties will have access to GIS and able to optimise the use of digital data – create spatially-enabled society. Geoinformation Science in Transforming Education and Research for Sustainable Tomorrow and ‘the Bottom Billions’ Acknowledgment: This research partly benefitted from Science Fund research grant for “The design and development of Open Source Web-based GIS for promoting spatial thingking/skills in secondary school education” sponsored by MOSTI. Open Source GIS Training Series To learn more about Open Source GIS: • GIS for All – Training on Open Source GIS, 5-7 August at USM – cost only RM600. • Report – Opensource GIS Softwares: A Comparative Study (RM50) email: [email protected] Geoinformation Science in Transforming Education and Research for Sustainable Tomorrow and ‘the Bottom Billions’ Announcement • New Malaysia GIS Users Community Forum setup in May 2010. • Free and independent • All are invited to join. • Maintained & supported by Prof. Ruslan & Opensource GIS Research Group, USM. http://gismalaysia.org/forum Thank you for you yourfor attention Thank listening