Controle de Qualidade em Ultra

Nanoscience and nanotechology at
PUCRS
A brief overview
Ricardo M. Papaléo
Interdisciplinary Center of Nanoscience
and Micro-Nanotechnology
Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul
Porto Alegre and Mercosul
PUCRS
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande
do Sul
Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
PUCRS - Quick facts
Ranked as one of the best private universities in Brazil
Number of Programs
Undergraduate
Graduate Lato sensu
Graduate Strictu sensu
MSc (Master Degree)
PhD (Doctoral Degree)
72
74
39
23
16
PUCRS - Quick facts
• Number of students
• Undergraduate
• Graduate
27.500
5.000
• Professors and docents
1.678
• Administrative and technical staff (with São Lucas
Hospital)
4.245
Interdisciplinary Center of Nanoscience
and Micro-Nanotechnology
Core units
Medicine
Physics
Chemistry
Brain
Institute
Biosciences
Pharmacy
Inst of
Biomedical
Research
Engineering
7 Academic units
4 research institutes
> 15 research groups
Odontology
Inst of Toxicology
~ 50 projects on nano
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
Infrastructure
Several labs dedicated to nanoscience research:
• LASINE – Laboratory for Synthesis of Nanomaterials
wet chemistry, nanoparticles, electrospinning
• LMN – Laboratory of Materials and Nanoscience
physical processes, thin film deposition systems, nanohardness
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
Infrastructure
• LOR – Laboratory of Oganometalics
Electrospinning, nanoparticules, nanofibers, nanocomposites
• CEMM – Center for Microscopy and Microanalysis
micro(nano)scopy SEM, TEM, AFM, confocal
XRD, NMR
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
Infrastructure
• 2 controlled clean rooms (class 10,000)
1 for Si technology (210 m2)
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
Infrastructure
1 for coatings and thin film deposition
• Codeposition (up to 4
elements)
• multilayers
• Dynamic control of the
plasma composition
REACTIVE MAGNETRON SPUTTERING + 3 T zones CVD
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
Infrastructure
• Laboratory of Molecular Imaging
in house cyclotron for radioisotope production
small animal in vivo imaging: PET/CT and Optical/RX
• Central animal care facilities
zebra fish , murines
• Toxicology
analytical toxicology, pre-clinical assays
Ion implanters at Porto Alegre (UFRGS)
500 kV and 3 MV Tandetron accelerators
500 kV Implanter
Energy:
~30 keV up to ~20 MeV
Temperatures:
-197 °C - 500°C
3 MV Tandetron
Ion implanters at Porto Alegre (UFRGS)
1)PIXE (Particle-Induced X-ray Emission)
1
4
2)Microprobe
3)Ion Implantation
3
2
4) RBS (Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry)
5) NRA (Nuclear Reaction Analysis)
6
6) MEIS (Medium Energy Ion Scattering)
7) SIMS-MeV
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
Main fields of research
I - nanomedicine
• Multifunctional nanoparticles for medical imaging and therapy
• nanotoxicology
• Nanomaterials for regenerative medicine
• lipidic nanoparticles and nanoemulsions
• Nanoparticle behavior at microgravity
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
Main fields of research
II -
nanostructuring of surfaces and thin films
• Nanostructured coatings for performance-enhancement of surfaces
• Coatings for implants
• Membranes and nanoporous surfaces
• Thermal stability of polymer ultrathin films
III - nanostructured materials for the energy sector
• Electrodes for H2 production
• Solar – highest efficiency solar cell in Brazil
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
Main fields of research
IV – Nanomaterials
for clean technologies
• nanostructured materials for CO2 sequestration
• Capture and conversion of CO2 to commodity chemicals
• nanozeolites
V – High-energy ions in nanotechnology
• Nanostructuring of materials with single high-energy ions
• Radiation effects in nanostructured materials
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
Case I – High-energy ions in nanotechnology
Aim To explore the use of high-energy individual ions as a tool
for the nanostructuring of materials
Ion implantation + radiation effects
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
a) Nanopores with single, high-energy ions
1 nm
Chemical activation
By radiation damage
ion
•nanopore engineering
•Responsive membranes
• templates for synthesis of
nanomaterials
Nanopores of specific sizes induced by
high-energy ions
In cooperation with UFRGS, CNEA (Argentina), GSI (Germany)
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
b) Templates for synthesis of nanomaterials
25nm wide
ZnO
nanowires
PMMA
template
pore
Baptista, Wilne, Papaléo, 2006
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
c) Nanostructures at the surface
Nanodeformations and cavities induced by 4.8 MeV/u Pb in PMMA
a) AFM image
b) MD simulation
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
d) Radiation strength of nanomaterials
PMMA
Si
h= 1- 100 nm
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
Case II – Nanomedicine
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
a) Nanostructured multifunctional contrast agents for biomedical
imaging
Platforms :
a) CLIO (croslinked iron oxide) NPs
NP + dextran+ NH2
NP+dextran+NH2+ flurophore
• T1 and T2 agentes for MRI and optical probes
We have good control of:
average core size (from 8 to 50 nm )
added funcionalities
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
Platforms :
b) Fe3O4@SiO2
• coupled to a benzothiazole an
analogous of PIB.
Fe O @SiO
20
• HBT molecules also add photoactive
(by ESIPT) functionality to the probe
3
Fluorescence (a.u.)
• Such class of hydroxybenzothiazole
(HBT) compounds has the ability to
bind to amyloid-beta proteins
present in patients with AD
3
4
2
Fe O @SiO - HBT
4
2
15
10
5
450
500
550
600
Wavelength (nm)
650
700
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
c) Nanotoxicology
•
Zebra fish facility for animal models
•
Several behavioral tests implemented, including for larvae
•
Capabilities for different biomarkers (neurotoxicity, oxidative stress, gene
expression as a response to toxic compounds RT-qPCR / PCR-Array )
•
Member of the National Network on Nanotoxicology: “Enviromental and
Occupational Nanotoxicoloy: developing experimental basis to regulation and
risk assessment” (MCTI/CNPq)
•
Different nanocompounds synthesized at PUCRS have been investigated :
CLIO-NH2, graphene oxide, polymer nanofibers
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
c) Nanotoxicology
Transient modulation of acetylcholinesterase activity caused by exposure to
dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles in the brain of adult zebrafish
Safe limits – dose curves
• Doses 20 a 200 mg/Kg.
• Only highest level show toxicity
• Such Dose is much larger than
those used for imaging
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2014;
162:77-84
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
c) Nanotoxicology
Transient modulation of acetylcholinesterase activity caused by exposure to
dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles in the brain of adult zebrafish
• Dose 200 mg/Kg
• Toxicity 24 h after exposure
• Control levels after 48h
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
c) Nanotoxicology
Behavioral tests
Fe in the brain
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
c) Lipid nanoparticles and nanoemulsions for drug encapsulation
•
Solid lipid nanoparticles and antioxidant topical nanoemulsion based on
natural products were developed through phase inverse temperature without
the need of sophisticated equipment. lipid core is made of natural wax
•
For the emulsion, an ethoxylated emulsifier, one vegetable oil and one
natural extract were used.
•
Results indicate low polydispersity (~0,1), long term estability (over a year)
and very good reproducibility. (patent submitted)
Nanoscience and technology at PUCRS
Full support and integration to the university Tech Park
(TECNOPUC) and Innovation System
• Research projects in nanoscience and nanotechnology can be easily
integrated into the Incubation and Innovation systems and the Tech Park
• Interfacing between university and industry for joint project development
• Project management
• Soft landing and legal issues
Contacts:
•Interdisciplinary Center for Nanoscience and Micro-Nanotechnology
Prof. R. Papaleó - Coordinator ([email protected])
•Implants and Coatings
Profs R. Hübler ([email protected])
•
Nanotoxicology
Prof. M. Bogo ([email protected])
• Polymer nanocomposites
Prof. R. Ligabue ([email protected])
Prof. Nara Basso ([email protected])
Prof. Sandra Einloft
• Nanostrucutred materials for the energy sector
Prof. A. Feil
•
Organic nanoparticles and drug delivery
Prof. Temis Furlanetto Corte [email protected]
•
Nanostructured Contrast agentes
Prof Mara Lise Zanini
Contacts:
• Radiation effects in nanoscale systems
Prof. R. Papaléo ([email protected])
•Conversion of CO2 to commodity chemicals
Prof. Sandra Einloft ([email protected])
•Nanocomposites for regenerative medicine
Prof. Nara Basso ([email protected])