Energy Around the World

Transcription

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Students explore energy use in other countries and compare it to energy use in the United States.
e
Grade Levels:
Pri
Ele
Int
Elem
Elementary
Sec
Secondary
Pri
Ele
Int
Intermediate
Sec
Subject Areas:
Science
Social Studies
Math
Language Arts
Technology
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NEED Mission Statement
Teacher Advisory Board
Shelly Baumann
Rockford, MI
Barbara Lazar
Albuquerque, NM
Constance Beatty
Kankakee, IL
Robert Lazar
Albuquerque, NM
Amy Constant
Raleigh, NC
Leslie Lively
Porters Falls, WV
Nina Corley
Galveston, TX
Mollie Mukhamedov
Port St. Lucie, FL
Regina Donour
Whitesburg, KY
Don Pruett Jr.
Sumner, WA
Linda Fonner
New Martinsville, WV
Josh Rubin
Palo Alto, CA
Samantha Forbes
Vienna, VA
Joanne Spaziano
Cranston, RI
Michelle Garlick
Gina Spencer
Virginia Beach, VA
Robert Griegoliet
Naperville, IL
Tom Spencer
Chesapeake, VA
Viola Henry
Thaxton, VA
Jennifer Trochez
MacLean
Los Angeles, CA
Bob Hodash
DaNel Hogan
Tucson, AZ
Greg Holman
Paradise, CA
Linda Hutton
Kitty Hawk, NC
Matthew Inman
Spokane, WA
The mission of The NEED Project is to promote an energy
conscious and educated society by creating effective
networks of students, educators, business, government and
community leaders to design and deliver objective, multisided energy education programs.
Teacher Advisory Board Statement
In support of NEED, the national Teacher Advisory Board
(TAB) is dedicated to developing and promoting standardsbased energy curriculum and training.
Permission to Copy
NEED materials may be reproduced for non-commercial
educational purposes.
Energy Data Used in NEED Materials
NEED believes in providing the most recently reported energy
data available to our teachers and students. Most statistics
and data are derived from the U.S. Energy Information
Administration’s Annual Energy Review that is published
yearly. Working in partnership with EIA, NEED includes easy
to understand data in our curriculum materials. To do further
research, visit the EIA website at www.eia.gov. EIA’s Energy
Kids site has great lessons and activities for students at www.eia.gov/kids.
Joanne Trombley
West Chester, PA
Jen Varrella
Fort Collins, CO
Jennifer Winterbottom
Pottstown, PA
Carolyn Wuest
Pensacola, FL
Wayne Yonkelowitz
Fayetteville, WV
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© 2015
Printed on Recycled Paper
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The information in this
publication is taken from
the U.S. Energy Information
Administration, the CIA
World Factbook, and the
International Energy Agency.
Many entities, organizations,
and countries have different
metrics for measuring the data
sets used within this activity.
The facts and figures used
to describe countries in this
activity are compiled by NEED
from the organizations listed
above for consistency.
© 2015 The NEED Project
8408 Kao Circle, Manassas, VA 20110
Table of Contents
Standards Correlation Information
4
Teacher Guide
5
Sample Script
8
Continent Profiles
9
Continent Maps
13
Country Profiles
19
Evaluation Form
47
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Standards Correlation Information
www.NEED.org/curriculumcorrelations
Next Generation Science Standards
This guide effectively supports many Next Generation Science Standards. This material can satisfy performance expectations,
science and engineering practices, disciplinary core ideas, and cross cutting concepts within your required curriculum. For more
details on these correlations, please visit NEED’s curriculum correlations website.
Common Core State Standards
This guide has been correlated to the Common Core State Standards in both language arts and mathematics. These correlations
are broken down by grade level and guide title, and can be downloaded as a spreadsheet from the NEED curriculum correlations
website.
Individual State Science Standards
This guide has been correlated to each state’s individual science standards. These correlations are broken down by grade level
and guide title, and can be downloaded as a spreadsheet from the NEED website.
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Teacher Guide
& Background
Grade Levels
Countries use many energy resources at different levels of consumption depending on the climate,
available resources, level of industrialization, economic status, and culture. The purpose of this
activity is to introduce students to the different ways that people in other countries produce and
consume energy by providing information on a representative sample of countries throughout
the world. This activity is designed for use with upper elementary, middle school, and secondary
students.
Elementary,

grade 5
 Objectives
Five 45-minute class periods
(plus out-of-class research)
Students

will be able to identify the sources of energy and describe possible uses for each.
Intermediate,

grades 6-8
Secondary,

grades 9-12
 Time
Students

will be able to explain the idea that different countries use energy differently, citing
possible reasons for differences, such as geography, finances, availability, culture, politics, etc.
Concepts
The

world’s energy resources are not equitably distributed throughout the world. Some countries
are rich in resources, while others lack resources.
Industrialized

nations consume a disproportionate share of the world’s energy resources.
The

availability of resources, the climate, culture, level of industrialization, and economic well-being
contribute significantly to the type and amount of resources consumed in different countries.
Countries

in the Northern Hemisphere use more energy resources and are more industrialized than
countries in the Southern Hemisphere.
 Materials
Sample

script for teacher demonstration
United

States profile for comparison and contrast
One

country profile for each student
One

corresponding continent profile and continent map for each student
Poster

board, transparencies, or digital projector for use in presentations
2Preparation
Make

one country profile for each student.
Divide

the country profiles into five continent groups: Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and
South America. Australia, as a country-continent, will be discussed in the teacher demonstration.
Information on Antarctica is also provided for you to present to the students, since it is not an
organized country.
Make

enough copies of each continent profile and continent map so that every student assigned
a country within that continent will have one of each. Attach one continent profile and continent
map to each country profile.
Project

the profile of the U.S., or copy, and provide one for each student.
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Procedure
1. Introduce the activity to the class by explaining that each student will be preparing a short presentation to the class on his/her assigned
country. Students will also work in groups, according to continent, to prepare a short group profile of their continent.
2. Give students a general overview of energy use around the world, and review background information and concepts, using the continent
profiles as a source of information. Refer to NEED’s Energy Infobooks for more background information, if necessary. Infobooks are
available at the elementary, intermediate, and secondary levels and can be downloaded from www.NEED.org.
3. Distribute one country profile to each student and have the students form continent groups.
4. Give students an explanation of Antarctica. Discuss why students will not be tackling Antarctica in their groups. Present the sample
script on Australia. You may choose to get into costume while presenting Australia’s information, to encourage creativity in student
presentations. Example props may include a fake boomerang, bush hat, khaki clothing, or a rugby shirt.
5. After your presentation, restate the important energy information that was given.
6. Briefly discuss the U.S. profile as a class so that the students can compare and contrast their countries’ data and have a familiar context
with which to work. If the students are unfamiliar with some of the statistics, explain the meaning of them at this time. Give the class
the remainder of the class period to familiarize themselves with the information about their individual countries.
7. It should be emphasized that the statistics, on their own, are of little value. It is in the context of comparison with other countries
around the world that they become meaningful. Caution students not to state the statistics themselves in their reports, but to compare
the statistics to those of the U.S. and other countries on their continent, and to think about what those statistics tell them about the
standard of living in their countries.
NOTE: International energy statistics can take several years to reflect recent events. Data for individual countries is often reported
differently and takes longer to compile. Data for these profiles reflects the most recent data for the individual countries and continents,
which in most cases is 2012-2013 data.
8. For many students, an explanation of per capita and gross domestic product may be helpful. The production and consumption statistics,
especially, should be explained to younger students, so that they understand that industry and business are included in these figures.
All students need to understand that the figures represent the consumption and production of the entire country, divided by the
population—and that individuals do not consume or produce the energy reported.
For example: not every individual in the U.S. consumes 309 million Btu of energy per year—but the statistic indicates a highly
industrialized society that consumes a large amount of energy. On the other hand, Greenland in not highly industrialized—why is its
energy consumption per capita so high? The climate and very small population, as well as population density, are factors that should
be considered.
9. Electricity generation data is categorized four ways: Hydropower, Fossil Fuels, Nuclear, and Other Renewables. Discuss the sources of
energy used to generate electricity in each category to help students understand the resources used by each country. Other Renewables
includes solar, wind, biomass, and geothermal.
10.Discuss with students that throughout the profiles, measurements are reported in metric units. Students may want to convert these
measurements for context during their presentations. Ask students why they think all units have been reported in metric units, while
income figures are reported in U.S. Dollars. Go over the following terms of measurements with the class:
1
Btu (British thermal unit) = approximately the amount of energy released by burning one wooden kitchen match.
1
Q (quad—1 quadrillion (1015) Btu). Quads are used to measure very large quantities of energy. The U.S. uses one quad of energy
about every 3.68 days.
1
MMT (million metric ton). A measurement of the amount of carbon dioxide released by fuel use.
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11.Give the students the following instructions:
Each

of you has been assigned a country about which you will prepare a short presentation like the one I’ve just given. A map of
your country should accompany your presentation.
You

will also work as a group to prepare a short presentation on the continent in which your country is located. Using the individual
profiles I have given you, compare and contrast the countries within your continent. Use the data about the United States, too. The
statistics themselves aren’t the only important part of your report. You should also compare your statistics with those of the U.S.
and the other countries on your continent, and report what they tell you about your country. You will need to think about what
your statistics mean. You might need to do some additional research to find some interesting information about your country and
your continent. Be as creative as possible.
Create

a presentation that displays the continent. The location of your countries should be a part of your presentation.
Presentations can be multimedia, including posters, PowerPoints, or animations. In your group, you might want to assign different
tasks to the members. One member might create the presentation, one might do the research, one might write the sample script,
and one might deliver the presentation, for example. You will have the rest of the class period to plan your presentations. Are
there any questions?
12.Monitor group work. Make sure that each group has assigned tasks to each member of the group.
13.Give the groups as many class periods as needed, reserving a few minutes at the end of each class period to check on the progress of
their work. On the day before presentations are due to begin, give the groups 15 minutes to practice their presentations.
14.The presentations should begin with a group presentation of one continent, followed by the individual presentations of the countries
within that continent. If a student has been assigned to present the information on the United States, make this presentation first, so
that students have a firm understanding of their own country and continent before proceeding to the other continents.
15.Once the presentations have been completed, review and discuss the activity concepts.
 Technology Extensions
Encourage

students to make their presentations using multimedia software or devices.
Utilize

software, such as Excel, or another spreadsheet program, that will allow students to perform statistical analysis. Have students
prepare a graphic analysis as part of their presentations.
Evaluation
Use

the grading guide below, or develop your own rubrics to evaluate student work.
Group

Presentation — 40 points
Individual

Presentation — 60 points
Evaluate

the activity with the class using the Evaluation Form on page 47.
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Sample Script: Australia
“G’day, mates! M’name’s Mathilda and I’m from the land down under—Australia, that is. Australia might be the smallest continent, but it’s
the sixth largest country in the world. One continent—one country. Technically speaking, the Commonwealth of Australia is really bigger
than the continent, because it includes the island of Tasmania.
Australia is located south of Japan, way south, in the Southern Hemisphere, between the Indian and Pacific Oceans. (Use a world map to
show relative size, location, and other islands.) It’s part of a large group of islands called Oceania. These islands include New Zealand, Fiji,
and New Guinea.
There are a few mountain ranges in Australia and even a little tropical rain forest, but most of the land is hot, flat, and dry—especially the
interior and the north and west coasts. In fact, a lot of the interior, or outback, is grazing land or desert, and nearly deserted. On average,
there are only eight people per square mile, compared to the United States that has 84.
Most of us Aussies (89 percent) live in cities on the east and southeast coasts, where the climate is temperate, a lot like your California. A
city-slicker isn’t your idea of the typical Australian, is it?
I guess you can tell that English is the official language in Australia. The native Australians—the Aborigines—make up less than one
percent of the population. The other 99 percent are immigrants or descendants of early settlers, mostly English and Irish.
We Australians live a pretty good life. There’s one car for every two people. Just like in the United States, everybody has to go to school here
until they’re 15 or 16, and 99 percent of the people can read and write. Most of us have cell phones, televisions, and computers. We live in
a democracy—just like you—and have the same freedoms.
Australia has lots of natural resources, too. It used to be that most of our money came from exporting wool, meat, and wheat, all grown on
that vast interior land I told you about. But today, things have changed. We discovered that we have vast deposits of coal, iron ore, gold,
uranium, and bauxite (the ore from which aluminum is extracted). Now mining is our major industry. In fact, Australia is the second largest
exporter of coal in the world. We export most of our coal to Japan and other Asian countries.
We’ve discovered oil and gas fields, too. We’ve begun building long pipelines to move the oil and gas to industrial areas.
About 87 percent of our electricity comes from fossil fuels—burning coal and natural gas, mostly. The rest comes from hydropower plants
and other renewable energy sources. There are only a few areas here that have enough rainfall to power hydro plants. We have a lot of
sun, though, and in the last few years, development of solar facilities has begun. Even though we have huge deposits of uranium, we don’t
produce electricity in nuclear power plants.
Using fossil fuels produces carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas. Australia emits a lot of carbon dioxide—almost 19 metric tons per person.
That’s slightly more than the average American produces. The Australian government signed the 1997 Kyoto Protocol to limit greenhouse
gas emissions.
A lot of people in Australia are also worried about mining coal, uranium, and other minerals, and the effect it has on the environment. We
Australians are very protective of our beautiful country, and our laws make environmental concerns an important part of every decision
that is made.
So long, mates. If you have any questions, I’d be glad to try to answer them before I head down under.”
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CONTINENT PROFILE
Australia
Continent
Size
Population
Australia
7,741,220 square kilometers, the smallest of the seven continents
22,507,617 People
89.3% Urban, 10.7% Rural
Government
Language
Gross Domestic Product
Per Capita in U.S. Dollars
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Federal parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm
Electricity Generation
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total
12.925 Q
Total
5.991 Q
English
$46,600
545 cars per 1,000 people
99%
Most of Australia is very hot and dry; much of the interior is desert. The coastal areas of the east, southeast,
and southwest (where most people live) are the only temperate regions.
7%
87%
6%
226.18 million Btu/capita
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
420.6 MMT (18.69 metric tons/capita)
Resources
Australia is a major world producer and leading exporter of coal. Its coal reserves are immense. It also has
significant reserves of oil and gas, large deposits of uranium, and hydropower potential.
Environmental Concerns
Australians are very concerned about environmental issues. They are concerned about soil erosion from
overgrazing, industrial development, urbanization, and poor farming practices. They are also concerned
about soil salinity rising due to the use of poor quality water. Other concerns include desertification; habitat
preservation of threatened species; protecting the Great Barrier Reef off the northeast coast; and limited
natural freshwater resources. As coal mining continues, a watchful eye is kept on the mining industry.
Exports over half of the energy it produces, mostly coal. Australia is the world’s second largest exporter of
coal.
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CONTINENT PROFILE
Antarctica
Continent
Size
Antarctica
13,998,886 square kilometers, fifth largest continent
About one and a half times the size of the United States
Population
4,400 people in summer; 1,100 in winter
Transient population—mostly researchers from many countries working at remote research stations. Few
researchers stay more than two years.
Government
The Antarctica Treaty of 1959 allows for an international group to govern. The Treaty requires that Antarctica
only be used for peaceful purposes.
Language
Transportation
Climate
None
Each research station has its own generator. Use of alternative energy sources to fossil fuels is encouraged,
especially solar and wind generators.
Energy Resources
The potential energy and mineral resources under the ice of Antarctica have not been fully explored.
Locked in the ice is an enormous amount of methane, but there is no known method at this time to extract
it without damaging the ecology. There are some countries that are calling for Antarctica to be declared a
world park with a ban on mining. Other countries, especially Chile and Argentina, see this ban as a threat
to their territorial rights.
Climate change and the depletion of the ozone layer may have adverse effects on the fragile ecology and
marine food chain. The waters around Antarctica are feeding grounds for whales.
Mostly by ship and airplanes with skis. There are no cars in Antarctica.
Antarctica is almost entirely covered by ice more than one mile thick. It is the coldest and windiest continent
with temperatures rarely climbing above freezing. About 70 percent of the fresh water in the world is locked
in the ice of Antarctica.
North America and Central America
Population
Resources
542.1 million people
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Energy Balance
Total 109.304 Q
Total
120.025 Q
10
North America is the third largest continent. Much of North America is rich in minerals. There is abundant
coal and uranium and vast reserves of petroleum and natural gas, especially in offshore deposits. There
is potential for expanded use of geothermal energy. Most countries have potential for expanded use of
hydropower.
Imports and exports vary greatly by country. As a whole, the continent imports about 10 percent of the
energy it consumes.
CONTINENT PROFILE
South America
Population
Resources
South America is the fourth largest continent. Located in the Southern Hemisphere, it has one of the world’s
most important resources—the Amazonian rain forest. The rain forest is a major source of oxygen for the
planet. The Amazon River, which flows through South America, is one of the world’s longest rivers and
carries one-fifth of all the water that runs off the Earth’s surface to the oceans.
South America is rich in energy resources, many of them not yet measured. The largest petroleum deposits
are located in Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Colombia has large deposits of
coal, with lesser amounts found in Brazil, Venezuela, and Chile.
Large deposits of natural gas are found in Venezuela and Argentina, with lesser reserves in Colombia,
Brazil, and Bolivia. Chile, Peru, and Ecuador also have natural gas deposits. Argentina has large deposits of
uranium.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Energy Balance
Total 29.547 Q
Total
24.840 Q
Exports petroleum. Imports coal. Exports about 16 percent of the energy it produces.
Africa
Population
Resources
1.049 billion people
Africa is the second largest continent and contains almost one-sixth of the world’s population. It rests in
both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, with the Equator running through its middle. Much of the
northern half of the continent is part of the Sahara Desert. Tropical rain forest lies along the Equator, and
large tropical grasslands fill much of the remaining interior. The more temperate areas of the extreme north
and south are the best agricultural lands.
The central and southern parts of the continent are rich in minerals. Deposits of petroleum and natural
gas are found in some of the northernmost countries. Many of the resources of Africa have not been fully
explored yet, and few are fully utilized.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Energy Balance
Total 35.997 Q
Total 17.335 Q
Exports petroleum, natural gas, and hydroelectric power. Exports about half of the energy it produces.
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CONTINENT PROFILE
Europe
Population
Resources
Europe, the sixth largest continent, has a wide variety of countries, cultures, and climates. Most of the
countries have abundant resources. There are major deposits of coal, petroleum, and natural gas in many
areas. Many of the countries have hydropower potential.
Offshore oil and gas deposits in the North Sea could be immense. France has a well-developed nuclear
program. A large portion of eastern Europe is suffering from contamination from the Chernobyl nuclear
accident and other nuclear and chemical discharges.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Energy Balance
Total 44.004 Q
Total 81.450 Q
Imports petroleum, natural gas, and coal. Imports just under half of the energy it consumes.
Asia and the Middle East
Population
Resources
4.323 billion people
Asia is the largest and most populated continent in the world. Asia is home to 55 percent of the world’s
population. China alone contains about twenty percent of the world’s people, and India another 18 percent.
Japan, with few resources of its own, is the most industrialized country.
The huge areas of China and Russia have vast resources of coal—most of it underdeveloped. The arid
countries of the south have the major petroleum and natural gas deposits in the world. Many countries
also have vast hydropower potential.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Energy Balance
12
Total 305.490 Q
Total 274.434 Q
Exports 10% of the energy it produces. The Middle East exports a large amount of petroleum; parts of Asia
import large amounts of coal and petroleum.
CONTINENT MAP
Antarctica
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CONTINENT MAP
North and Central America
GREENLAND
CANADA
ST. PIERRE AND
MIQUELON
PACIFIC
OCEAN
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
ATLANTIC
OCEAN
BERMUDA
THE BAHAMAS
TURKS AND CAICOS
MEXICO
HAITI
CUBA
BELIZE
JAMAICA
HONDURAS
GUATEMALA
EL SALVADOR
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
NICARAGUA
COSTA RICA
14
PUERTO RICO
PANAMA
CONTINENT MAP
South America
VENEZUELA
GUYANA
FRENCH GUIANA (FRANCE)
SURINAME
COLOMBIA
ECUADOR
PERU
BRAZIL
BOLIVIA
PACIFIC
OCEAN
PARAGUAY
CHILE
ATLANTIC
OCEAN
ARGENTINA
URUGUAY
FALKLAND
ISLANDS (U.K.)
SOUTH
GEORGIA
ISLAND (U.K.)
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CONTINENT MAP
Africa
TUNISIA
MOROCCO
ALGERIA
WESTERN
SAHARA
MAURITANIA
MALI
NIGER
SUDAN
ERITREA
BURKINA
FASO
GUINEA
SIERRA
LEONE
EGYPT
CHAD
SENEGAL
THE
GAMBIA
GUINEA
BISSAU
LIBYA
DJIBOUTI
BENIN
COTE D’IVOIRE
(IVORY COAST)
LIBERIA
NIGERIA
TOGO
GHANA
SOUTH
SUDAN
CENTRAL
AFRICAN
REPUBLIC
CAMEROON
ETHIOPIA
UGANDA
EQUATORIAL
GUINEA
REPUBLIC
OF THE
GABON CONGO
ATLANTIC
OCEAN
DEMOCRATIC
REPUBLIC
RWANDA
OF THE
BURUNDI
CONGO
SOMALIA
KENYA
TANZANIA
ASCENSION
INDIAN
OCEAN
MALAWI
ANGOLA
ZAMBIA
ST. HELENA
MOZAMBIQUE
MADAGASCAR
ZAMBABWE
NAMIBIA
BOTSWANA
SWAZILAND
LESOTHO
TRISTA DA CUNHA
16
SOUTH
AFRICA
CONTINENT MAP
Europe
SVALBARD
JAN MAYEN
ICELAND
SWEDEN
FAROE ISLANDS
FINLAND
NORWAY
RUSSIA
NORTH
SEA
ESTONIA
ISLE OF MAN
LATVIA
DENMARK
LITHUANIA
IRELAND
UNITED
KINGDOM
ATLANTIC
OCEAN
BELARUS
NETHERLANDS.
BELGIUM
GERMANY
POLAND
GUERNSEY
UKRAINE
JERSEY
CZECH
REPUBLIC
LUXEMBOURG
FRANCE
SLOVAKIA
MOLDOVA
LIECHTENSTEIN
AUSTRIA
SWITZERLAND
HUNGARY
ROMANIA
SLOVENIA
SAN MARINO
ANDORRA
PORTUGAL
MONACO
ITALY
SPAIN
CROATIA
BOSNIA
AND
SERBIA
HERZEGOVINA
BULGARIA
BLACK
SEA
MONTENEGRO
KOSOVO
MACEDONIA
ALBANIA
VATICAN CITY
TURKEY
GREECE
MEDITERRANEAN
SEA
GIBRALTAR
CYPRUS
AKROTIRI
MALTA
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DHEKELIA
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18
SUDAN
EGYPT
MEDITERRANEAN
SEA
RED
SEA
QATAR
BAHRAIN
KUWAIT
IRAQ
UZBEKISTAN
OMAN
TAJIKISTAN
INDIAN OCEAN
PAKISTAN
SRI LANKA
NEPAL
MALDIVES
INDIA
KYRGYZSTAN
KAZAKHSTAN
AFGHANISTAN
UNITED ARAB
EMIRATES
IRAN
TURKMENISTAN
GULF OF ADEN
YEMEN
PERSIAN
GULF
IRAN
CASPIAN
SEA
ARMENIA
AZERBAIJAN
GEORGIA
RUSSIA
SAUDI ARABIA
SYRIA
JORDAN
ISRAEL
LEBANON
CYPRUS
TURKEY
BLACK SEA
RUSSIA
Asia and the Middle East
BANGLADESH
BHUTAN
MYANMAR
(BURMA)
CHINA
VIETNAM
INDONESIA
EAST TIMOR
SOUTH KOREA
NORTH KOREA
PHILIPPINES
TAIWAN
INDONESIA
BRUNEI
PARACEL
ISLANDS
HONG KONG
MACAV
SPRATLY
ISLANDS
SINGAPORE
MALAYSIA
CAMBODIA
THAILAND
LAOS
MONGOLIA
PALAU
JAPAN
PAPUA
NEW GUINEA
PACIFIC OCEAN
CONTINENT MAP
COUNTRY PROFILE
United States
Continent
Size
Population
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
North America
9,826,675 square kilometers
18.6% Rural
Government
Multiparty democracy, constitutionbased federal republic
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
English
Electricity Generation*
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
Resources
The U.S. is rich in energy resources.
There are vast deposits of coal. There
are abundant petroleum and natural
gas reserves, especially in Alaska and
offshore. There is also the potential
to increase energy production from
geothermal,
hydropower,
solar,
biomass, and wind.
Many urban areas suffer from air
pollution, caused mainly from
vehicle use. Being a large carbon
dioxide emitter from burning fossil
fuels, global climate change is of
great concern. However, there is
opposition to increasing the use of
nuclear power to reduce fossil fuel
consumption. Offshore drilling for
petroleum is monitored carefully for
its environmental impact. There is
increasing emphasis on renewable
energy, conservation, and recycling.
People in western states must
manage limited freshwater resources.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total
19.139 Q
Total
13.354 Q
99%
The United States has a broad range
of climates. The interior north and
Alaska can have severe winters and
cool summers. The south is generally
hot in the summer, the east is humid,
and the west is dry.
7.6%
76.3%
9.8%
6.2%
*Due to independent rounding, total does not add to 100%.
Canada
Population
34,834,841 people
Slightly larger than the U.S.
81.6% Urban
Government
A parliamentary democracy, a
federation, and a constitutional
monarchy
English and French
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Canada is a world leading exporter
of forest products and producer of
uranium. It has vast coal, hydropower,
and natural gas reserves. Canada also
has vast oil reserves, including the
Alberta Tar Sands. Additional oil and
gas are thought to exist in the Arctic
regions. Oil and gas are exported to
the U.S. It is also a major producer of
hydropower.
Ozone depletion is a major concern
along with air pollution from industry
and vehicle emissions. Acid rain is
causing damage to lakes and forests.
$44,500
99%
Canada, the world’s second-largest
country, takes up the northern part
of the continent. Its climate ranges
from polar in the north to cool in the
south, with the interior colder than
the coastal areas.
Imports 16.7 percent of the energy it
consumes, mostly as petroleum.
18.4% Rural
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
95.058 Q
5,270 MMT (16.53 metric tons/capita)
North America
Total CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
$54,000
Continent
Size
79.212 Q
318,892,103 people
81.4% Urban
Total 54.1%
31.3%
9.1%
5.5%
1.800.875.5029
www.NEED.org
Exports 30.2 percent of the energy it
produces.
19
COUNTRY PROFILE
Cuba
Continent
Size
North American island country
Population
11,047,251 people
110,859 square kilometers
Slightly smaller than Pennsylvania
77.0% Urban
23.0% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Communist state
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
Spanish
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 0 .165 Q
Total 0.395 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Cuba’s major resource is sugar. It also
has mineral deposits and petroleum
reserves that it is beginning
to develop. It has chronic fuel
deficiencies and trades petroleum
from Venezuela for services of
Cuban medical personnel.
Cuba’s main concern has been
deforestation for fuel, and the
resulting loss of biodiversity. Air and
water pollution are also concerns.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 35.76 million Btu/capita
$10,200
99.8%
Cuba’s sub-tropical climate is hot—
very hot in the summer. There is
plentiful rainfall in the mountains
and to the north, but very little in
the south.
Imports about 58 percent of the
energy it consumes.
1.0%
98.8%
0.2%
Greenland
Continent
Size
Population
North American island
2,166,086 square kilometers total
410,449 square kilometers of land area
About three times the size of Texas
57,728 people
86.0% Urban
14.0% Rural
Government
Parliamentary democracy within a
constitutional monarchy
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Danish and Greenlandic (East Inuit)
Fossil Fuels
20
$38,400
Total 0Q
.015 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
A depletion of fishing stock is a
concern. Also, ensuring the protection
of the Artic environment.
Imports all of the energy it consumes.
Fishing and fish processing are the
key industries. However, mining is an
increasing part of the economy.
No data available
100%
The climate is polar. All but the narrow,
rocky costal areas are covered by polar
ice cap.
100%
COUNTRY PROFILE
Guatemala
Continent
Size
North America (Central America)
Population
14,647,083 people
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Slightly smaller than Tennessee
51.1% Urban
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
0.082 Q
Total 0.242 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Guatemala has large oil reserves
and hydropower potential that
have not been exploited. Most
of its electricity comes from one
hydropower plant that has been
shut down on occasion because of
lack of rain. Agriculture is a large
income source.
More than half of its forests have
been destroyed. Soil erosion and
water pollution are problems.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 0.002 Q
Total 0.030 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Haiti has few energy resources
except hydropower.
Most of its forest land is gone and
much of its soil is eroded—it is
one of the most environmentally
damaged countries in the world.
Lack of safe drinking water is a
problem.
48.9% Rural
Constitutional democratic republic
Spanish
$7,500
78.3%
The coastal regions are tropical
(average temperature 28 degrees
Celsius) with more temperate
climate in the mountains of the
interior.
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
Total Imports 66.1 percent of the energy
it consumes.
31.7%
55.8%
12.5%
Haiti
Continent
North American island country
(Central America)
Size
Slightly smaller than Maryland
Population
9,996,731 people
57.4% Urban
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
42.6% Rural
French and Creole
$1,800
48.7%
Haiti’s climate is tropical equatorial/
oceanic with less humidity than
average in the Caribbean.
Imports 93.3 percent of the energy
it consumes.
22.7%
77.3%
1.800.875.5029
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21
COUNTRY PROFILE
Mexico
Continent
Size
North America
Slightly less than three times the size of
Texas
Population
120,286,655 people
79.0% Urban
21.0% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Federal republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
Spanish
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
8.713 Q
Total 7.754 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Mexico has vast undeveloped coal
and hydro resources as well as large
reserves of petroleum and natural
gas. It is one of the largest producers
of oil, most of which comes from
offshore wells in the Gulf of Mexico.
The government considers the lack
of clean water and deforestation to
be national security issues. Serious
air and water pollution surrounds
Mexico City, a large metropolitan
area.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 0.051 Q
Total 0.258 Q
$17,900
94.2%
Total The Pacific coast areas are tropical,
while the interior mountains and
central plateau are warm and very
dry.
18.9%
75.7%
2.1%
3.2%
Exports 11 percent of the energy it
produces.
Panama
Continent
Size
North America (Central America)
Population
3,608,431 people
Slightly smaller than South Carolina
66.3% Urban
33.7% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Constitutional democracy
Hydro
Fossil Fuels
22
Spanish
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Panama has large deposits of copper.
It has great hydropower potential
and is pushing development of
hydropower plants to reduce
dependence on oil imports. It has
large areas of rain forests.
The rain forest is being destroyed
at alarming rates, resulting in soil
erosion. There is also concern over
pollution from copper mining.
$20,300
94.1%
Panama has a tropical climate—hot
and humid with more rain in the
north than south.
56.5%
43.5%
it consumes.
COUNTRY PROFILE
Argentina
Continent
Size
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
South America
Slightly smaller than 3/10 the size of
the U.S.
Population
8.4% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
3.115 Q
Total 3.665 Q
43,024,374 people
91.6% Urban
Total CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
196 MMT (4.56 metric tons/capita)
Resources
Argentina has a wealth of natural
resources, many not yet developed.
Known
resources
include
hydropower, oil, natural gas, coal,
iron, zinc, lead, and uranium. Nuclear
energy has been encouraged and
oil and gas exploration is increasing.
Argentina has typical environmental
concerns for an industrialized
country, including deforestation
and air and water pollution. It is a
world leader in setting voluntary
greenhouse gas emission reduction
targets.
Spanish
$22,100
97.9%
Argentina makes up most of the
southern half of South America.
The northeast is sub-tropical, the
mountains in the north are dry, and
the south is snowy. There is desert
in the western lowlands, while the
plains have a temperate climate
with heavy rain in the summer.
Imports 15% of the energy it
consumes.
28.4%
68.3%
2.9%
0.4%
Brazil
Continent
Size
South America
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
69.3%
18.8%
1.6%
10.4%
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 9.758 Q
Total 12.095 Q
Slightly smaller than the United States
Population
202,656,788 people
85.4% Urban
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
14.6% Rural
Federal republic
Portuguese
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
$15,200
Resources
Brazil has large reserves of coal,
oil, and uranium. It has plans to
build additional power plants.
Hydropower development has been
successful and has great potential.
Brazil is the second largest producer
of ethanol in the world.
The biggest concern has been
destruction of the rain forest due to
expanded agriculture. Urban and
industrial pollution are also major
problems.
91.3%
Half of Brazil is in the Amazon Basin—
the world’s largest rain forest. The
climate here is hot and wet all year
round. Most of the rest of Brazil is
a plateau, where the temperature
varies greatly throughout the year,
with cool winters and hot summers.
1.800.875.5029
www.NEED.org
it consumes.
23
COUNTRY PROFILE
Chile
Continent
Size
Population
South America
Slightly smaller than twice the size of
Montana
17,363,894 people
89.4% Urban
10.6% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
Spanish
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
0.329 Q
Total 1.419 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Chile is the world’s most important
copper producer and also produces
a large amount of gold. It has
reserves of natural gas, petroleum,
and coal, as well as hydropower
potential.
The environment is not well
protected in Chile. The major
concerns are smog in cities and
logging in the south. Water
pollution from untreated sewage is
also a problem.
$23,200
98.6%
Total Because of its shape, Chile has a
varied climate. The north has the
world’s driest desert, and is cool for
its latitude. The central regions have
mild winters and hot, dry summers.
The Andes have an alpine climate
with glaciers and year-round snow.
The south is usually rainy and wet.
it consumes.
33.1%
60.6%
6.3%
Colombia
Continent
Size
Population
South America
Slightly less than twice the size of
Texas
46,245,297 people
76.2% Urban
23.8% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
24
Spanish
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 1.545 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Large petroleum and coal deposits
and well developed hydropower
make Colombia self-sufficient in
terms of energy. It also has reserves
of natural gas and gold. It exports
coal to Europe and the U.S., and
produces a majority of the world’s
emeralds.
Deforestation, pollution in rivers
and soil from overuse of pesticides,
combined with air pollution
from vehicle emissions are rising
concerns.
93.6%
67.2%
32.4%
0.4%
5.352 Q
$13,500
The interior lowlands and coastal
regions are hot with abundant rain,
while the mountainous regions
of the Andes are temperate with
seasonal variations.
Total Exports 71.1 percent of the energy
it produces.
COUNTRY PROFILE
Ecuador
Continent
Size
South America
Population
15,654,411 people
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Slightly smaller than Nevada
63.5% Urban
Republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other renewables
1.247 Q
Total 0.640 Q
36.5% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Total Spanish
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Ecuador has an abundance of oil. It
also has great hydropower potential.
Ecuador is a large net exporter of
petroleum and its economy is fairly
dependent on its earnings.
Drilling for oil in the Amazon is
disturbing the habitat of nomadic
tribes that have had no contact
with civilization. Tourism in the
Galapagos Islands has severely
damaged the ecosystem.
$11,400
93.3%
The climate is hot in the lowlands
and mild in the mountains.
42.0%
56.0%
1.9%
Exports 48.7% of the energy it
produces.
Peru
Continent
Size
South America
Population
30,147,935 people
Slightly smaller than Alaska
78.3% Urban
Constitutional republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Spanish, Quechua, and Aymara
1.011 Q
Total 1.093 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Peru has large, untapped oil reserves
that are now being explored. Peru
opened its first liquefied natural gas
(LNG) plant and exports natural gas.
There is concern that industrial
pollution
is
damaging
the
coastal fishing industry, and that
widespread spraying of chemicals
to destroy cocoa plants (used to
make cocaine) is polluting the rivers.
$12,000
93.8%
Peru is located just south of the
Equator, but has many different
climates. The coastal region is
mostly desert, with low clouds and
fog causing cool winters. The slopes
of the Andes have a wide range of
temperatures, while the tropical
Amazon Basin receives year-round
rain.
Total 36.25 million Btu/capita
21.7% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Imports 7.5% of the energy it
produces.
40.4 %
59.6 %
1.800.875.5029
www.NEED.org
25
COUNTRY PROFILE
Venezuela
Continent
Size
Population
South America
Slightly more than twice the size of
California
28,868,486 people
88.9% Urban
11.1% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Federal republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
26
Spanish
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 3.364 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Petroleum is the most important
resource to the economy. Venezuela
also has large reserves of coal,
bauxite (aluminum ore), iron, and
gold. It has enormous hydropower
potential.
The destruction of the rain forest
and oil pollution of Lake Maracaibo
are major concerns. Also of concern
is urban and industrial pollution
along the Caribbean coast.
The coast is very hot and dry. The
plains alternate between flooding
and drought, while the highlands to
the south are cold.
7.256 Q
$17,900
95.5%
it produces.
64.3%
35.7%
COUNTRY PROFILE
Algeria
Continent
Size
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Africa
Slightly less than 3.5 times the size of
Texas
Population
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Total 2.235 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Algeria has large reserves of
petroleum, uranium, and natural
gas. It exports natural gas to Europe
and to the U.S. Algeria must import
food and grain.
Desert land is expanding because of
stripping of vegetation for firewood
and animal stock. Rivers are
polluted from petroleum refining
and industrial and sewage wastes.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 0.186 Q
Total 0.110 Q
70.1% Urban 29.9% Rural
Republic
7.198 Q
38,813,722 people
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Total Arabic
$14,300
72.6%
The coastal climate is temperate.
South of the Atlas Mountains, the
rest of the country is desert.
Exports 68.9 percent of the energy
it produces.
2.2%
98.0%
Cameroon
Continent
Size
Africa
Population
23,130,708 people
Slightly larger than California
53.8% Urban
46.2% Rural
Government
Republic, multiparty presidential
regime
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
English and French
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Cameroon has oil and natural
gas resources as well as bauxite
(aluminum ore). Timber is a major
export, along with agricultural
products.
Deforestation, overgrazing, and
overfishing are all concerns.
Waterborne diseases are abundant.
$3,000
71.3%
The coast is tropical with semi-arid
portions and the north is hot and
dry.
it produces.
71.4%
28.6%
1.800.875.5029
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27
COUNTRY PROFILE
Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
Continent
Size
Africa
Population
22,848,945 people
Slightly larger than New Mexico
53.5% Urban
46.5% Rural
Government
Republic, multiparty presidential
regime
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
French
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 0.121 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Cote d’Ivoire has significant
offshore reserves of petroleum
and natural gas, but they are
un derdeveloped. The potential
for hydropower is abundant.
Much of the interior is forested.
Cote d’Ivoire is the world’s largest
producer and exporter of cocoa
beans.
Deforestation due to overuse
and export of timber is the main
concern. Water pollution from
industry, agriculture, and untreated
sewage is also a concern.
41%
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
0.157 Q
$2,900
Located just above the Equator, the
average temperature is nearly 27.5
degrees Celsius. The coastal areas
have two rainy and one dry season,
while the inland north has a small
amount of rain year round.
Total 39.7%
60.3%
it produces.
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Continent
Size
Population
Africa
Slightly less than one-quarter the size
of the U.S.
77,433,744 people
42% Urban
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
28
58% Rural
Republic
French
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
0.105 Q
Resources
The DRC has immense natural
resources, especially minerals, oil,
and hydropower potential. Sixty
percent of the DRC is covered with
rain forest. It also has reserves of
uranium. Its hydropower potential,
if developed, could supply much of
Africa. Mismanagement has made
the DRC one of the world’s poorest
countries, but it could be one of
Africa’s richest.
The DRC’s rain forest contains 50
percent of Africa’s woodlands.
Because of poor transportation,
major industrial destruction of the
woodlands has not begun, but
much is being used for firewood.
The environmental impact of the
mining industry is a concern.
61.2%
98.6%
1.4%
Total CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
0.121 Q
$700
The Democratic Republic of
the Congo (DRC) has a tropical
climate—warm and humid with
little change throughout the year.
Average temperature is 25 degrees
Celsius; average rainfall is 150-230
centimeters.
it produces.
COUNTRY PROFILE
Egypt
Continent
Size
Africa
Slightly more than three times the size
of New Mexico
Population
86,895,099 people
43.1% Urban
56.9% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
Arabic
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
3.810 Q
Total 3.540 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Egypt has large reserves of oil and
natural gas, as well as uranium. Most
of the oil production is consumed
locally. Egypt’s Aswan Dam provides
most of the hydroelectric power,
and natural gas provides most of
the thermal production.
There are chronic water shortages
in most of Egypt. The damming
of the Nile to produce electricity
contributes to the shortage. Heavy
industrial pollution and rapid
growth in population are major
concerns.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 0.063 Q
Total 0.172 Q
$11,100
73.9%
Egypt is mostly desert, except for
the area in the Nile Valley. Summers
are very hot, winters cooler, with
significant rainfall only in winter
along the Mediterranean coast.
Total 8.0%
90.0%
2.0%
produces.
Ethiopia
Continent
Size
Africa
Texas
Population
96,633,458 people
19% Urban
81% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Federal republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
Amarigna, English, and Arabic
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Ethiopia has potential natural gas
reserves, but they have not been
explored. It also has great potential
for hydropower. The main energy
sources for most people are still
firewood and dung.
Erosion from destruction of forests
for firewood and overgrazing. Poor
water management practices cause
shortages.
$1,500
1 car per 1,000 people
39%
Climate is temperate in the
mountain regions, which make
up most of Ethiopia. The west has
plentiful rainfall. The desert areas
of the northeast and southeast
are very hot and dry with frequent
drought.
it consumes.
88.7%
9.6%
1.8%
1.800.875.5029
www.NEED.org
29
COUNTRY PROFILE
Kenya
Continent
Size
Population
Africa
Nevada
45,010,056 people
25.2% Urban
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
74.8% Rural
Republic
Kiswahili and English
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 0.238 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Kenya may have petroleum
reserves in its South Lokichar basin;
exploration is currently underway.
Kenya produces electricity from
geothermal energy, with installed
capacity of about 580 megawatts,
and the potential to produce 10,000
megawatts from this resource.
Currently most petroleum used in
Kenya is imported.
Kenya has an important wildlife
tourist trade, so emphasis on
environmental stewardship has
begun to grow. Water pollution from
urban, industrial, and agricultural
wastes is a concern.
15 cars per 1,000 people people
72.2%
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
0.059 Q
$3,100
The coast and the Great Rift Valley
are hot and humid, the interior
plateau region is temperate, and the
desert in the northeast is hot and
dry.
Total 44.0%
37.0%
19.0%
it consumes, mostly petroleum.
Libya
Continent
Size
Africa
Population
6,244,174 people
Slightly larger than Alaska
78.4% Urban
Operates under a transitional
government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Arabic
Fossil Fuels
Total 3.514 Q
Total 0.695 Q
21.6% Rural
Government
30
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Libya has large petroleum and
natural gas reserves. Water is scarce.
Libya imports about 80 percent of
its food.
Most of Libya is desert wasteland.
The major concern is limited water
supply that is poorly managed.
$16,600
89.9%
Libya’s climate is mostly hot desert
except for on the coast, which has a
warm temperate climate with mild,
wet winters and hot, dry summers.
it produces, mostly petroleum and
natural gas.
100%
COUNTRY PROFILE
Nigeria
Continent
Size
Africa
California
Population
177,155,754 people
46.9% Urban
53.1% Rural
Government
Language
Federal republic
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
English
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 6.692 Q
Total 0.903 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Nigeria is rich in energy resources
with large deposits of petroleum,
natural gas, and coal. Biomass is
used in rural areas for cooking and
heating.
Pollution, especially from the oil
industry, is a major concern. Rapid
deforestation is leading to soil
degradation and desertification.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 6.296 Q
Total 5.678 Q
$6,100
51.1%
The desert north is very hot and
dry with only one rainy season; the
south is hot, rainy, and humid most
of the year. The highlands are more
temperate.
it produces.
32.8%
67.1%
South Africa
Continent
Size
Africa
Texas
Population
48,375,645 people
Government
Language
Republic
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
$12,700
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
South Africa is rich in natural
resources, especially minerals. It
is a world leader in production of
gold and diamonds, and has huge
coal and uranium reserves, but little
petroleum. Most of the electricity
produced is from coal-fired plants.
Coal and natural gas are used to
make synthetic gasoline. Many of
the rural parts of the country have
no electricity. Solar power is being
developed.
The majority of concerns center on
water—demand out-pacing supply,
pollution from agricultural and
urban sources, and lack of extensive
water conservation and control
measures.
11 official languages, including
English and Afrikaans
93.7%
The temperate climate is dry, with
drought as a constant threat.
1.5%
93.6%
4.3%
0.6%
1.800.875.5029
www.NEED.org
produces.
31
COUNTRY PROFILE
Belarus
Continent
Size
Europe
Population
9,608,058 people
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Slightly smaller than Kansas
76.3% Urban
Republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
0.074 Q
Total 1.184 Q
123.23million Btu/capita
23.7% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Total Belarusian and Russian
$18,200
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Belarus has very few energy
resources, just small reserves of
petroleum and natural gas. Peat is
the major mineral resource.
The southern part of the country
was contaminated by radioactive
fallout from the Chernobyl disaster
in neighboring Ukraine. Many
people continue to get sick from
radioactivity. Much of the land and
water remains contaminated.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 1.064 Q
Total 1.572 Q
99.7%
The climate is cool and moist in the
summer and very cold in the winter.
0.2%
99.7%
0.1%
it consumes, mostly from Russia as
coal, petroleum, and natural gas.
Czech Republic
Continent
Size
Europe
Population
10,627,448 people
Slightly smaller than South Carolina
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
$28,400
Resources
The Czech Republic has petroleum,
natural gas, coal, and uranium
resources.
Air and water pollution in specific
regions present health risks. Acid
rain is damaging forests.
73% Urban
32
27% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Parliamentary democracy
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
Czech
99%
The climate is a moderate
continental climate with cool
summers and cold, cloudy winters.
it consumes, mostly oil and natural
gas, and exports low-Btu coal.
5.2%
63.6%
19.7%
11.5%
COUNTRY PROFILE
France
Continent
Size
Europe
Population
66,259,012 people
Slightly less than the size of Texas
79.3% Urban
20.7% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
French
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 10.694 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
France is the world’s most dedicated
user of nuclear power. It is not a
major oil or gas producer. It is a
leader in high-speed train and
airplane technology. Tourism is a
major part of the economy.
France
has
instituted
strict
anti-pollution
laws
and
is
environmentally active, but air
pollution from industrial and
vehicle emissions as well as water
pollution are still concerns. Acid rain
has caused damage to forests.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 4.804 Q
Total 13.466 Q
France has a varied climate—hot in
the east, wet in the northwest, and
dry in the south.
5.076 Q
$40,400
99%
Total 14.9%
24.7%
51.2%
9.3%
it consumes.
Germany
Continent
Size
Europe
Population
80,996,685 people
Slightly smaller than Montana
75.1% Urban
24.9% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Federal republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
German
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Germany has few energy resources,
with small reserves of coal,
petroleum, and natural gas. It
imports most of the oil and about
half of the gas it uses. They are
phasing out their nuclear power and
increasing renewable resources. It is
one of the world’s leading users of
wind and solar power.
Germany has strong pollution
controls, but air pollution from
power plants and industries remain
a concern. Acid rain has caused
damage to forests.
$44,700
99%
The climate is temperate. Winters
and summers are both cool, cloudy,
and wet.
6.0%
51.0%
7.0%
36.0%
1.800.875.5029
www.NEED.org
it consumes.
33
COUNTRY PROFILE
Greece
Continent
Size
Europe
Population
10,775,557 people
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Slightly smaller than Alabama
77.7% Urban
Parliamentary republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
0.408 Q
Total 1.225 Q
22.3% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Total Greek
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Greece has small reserves of coal.
There is hydropower potential in
some areas.
Air and water pollution are major
concerns. Heavy smog around
Athens has damaged many of the
oldest Greek monuments. Local
fishermen are working to prevent
pollution of local waters.
$25,800
97.7%
The climate in Greece varies—the
mountains in the north are very cold
and the islands in the south are subtropical.
consumes.
11.4%
70.4%
15.1%
Iceland
Continent
Size
European island
Population
317,351 people
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Slightly smaller than Kentucky
34
Constitutional republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
0.166 Q
Total 0.207 Q
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Total CO2 Emissions
3.505 MMT (11.04 metric tons/
capita)
Energy Balance
consumes, mostly for transportation
fuels.
Resources
Iceland has no mineral resources,
but
abundant
hydropower
and geothermal resources that
produce all of its electricity. Heat
from geothermal plants is nearly
free. Transportation fuels must
be imported. Fishing is the main
industry.
Depletion of fish stock is a concern.
Water pollution from agriculture is
also an issue.
Icelandic and English
$42,600
99%
Summers are damp and cool,
winters are windy but mild.
70.6%
4.5%
24.9%
COUNTRY PROFILE
Italy
Continent
Size
Europe
Population
61,680,122 people
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Slightly larger than Arizona
68.8% Urban
Republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
1.414 Q
Total 7.174 Q
31.2% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Total Italian
$34,500
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Italy has few energy resources.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 9.568 Q
Total 1.943 Q
99.2%
Italy has a mediterranean climate in
the south, and moderate climate in
the north. Summers are hot and dry,
winters are cold and snowy in the
mountainous north, and milder in
the south.
it consumes, mostly natural gas and
petroleum.
Environmental priorities are high
and there are laws to protect the
environment. Most concerns are
related to industry—emissions
causing air pollution, effluents
causing water pollution, and
inadequate waste treatment and
disposal.
12.8%
66.3%
20.9%
Norway
Continent
Size
Europe
Population
5,147,792 people
80.2% Urban
19.8% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Constitutional monarchy
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
93.2%
4.6%
2.2%
1.800.875.5029
Norwegian
$65,900
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Norway has large petroleum, natural
gas, and hydropower reserves.
Norway is Europe’s largest energy
exporter. Timber, mineral deposits,
and abundant fishing are also
resources.
Environmental priorities are high.
Acid rain is causing damage to both
forests and fish stocks. Air pollution
from vehicle emissions is a concern.
100%
Norway’s west coast is warmer than
the rest of the country because
of the effect of the North Atlantic
Current, however, their climate is still
subarctic.
www.NEED.org
it produces, mostly petroleum and
natural gas.
35
COUNTRY PROFILE
Poland
Continent
Size
Europe
Population
38,346,279 people
Slightly smaller than New Mexico
60.6% Urban
39.4% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
Polish
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
99.8%
2.694 Q
Total 3.905 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Natural gas and coal are Poland’s
major energy resources. Several
types of metals and minerals are
also resources.
Environmental
priorities
are
growing. Urban and industrial
pollution are major concerns, as
well as water pollution. Acid rain has
caused forest damage.
$24,400
Total Poland has a continental climate
with wet and mild summers, and
very cold winters.
it consumes.
2.9%
91.5%
5.6%
Spain
Continent
Size
Population
Europe
Oregon
47,737,941
79.4% Urban
20.6% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Parliamentary monarchy
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
Castillian Spanish
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
98.1%
The coasts are mild, while the
interior plateau has clear, hot
summers and cloudy, cold winters.
1.547 Q
Total 6.029 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Spain lacks abundant natural
resources. It has some reserves of
coal, petroleum, and uranium, with
access to some hydropower. Spain
must import most of its oil and gas.
Water pollution from the offshore
oil and gas industry is a concern. Air
pollution and deforestation are also
issues.
$33,000
Total Imports 74.3 percent of the energy
it consumes.
19.6%
43.0%
7.7%
30.0%
36
COUNTRY PROFILE
Sweden
Continent
Size
Europe
Population
9,723,809 people
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Slightly larger than California
85.7% Urban
Constitutional monarchy
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
1.543 Q
Total 2.203 Q
14.3% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Total Swedish
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Sweden has giant forests and rich
deposits of minerals and uranium,
but little coal, oil, or natural gas.
Timber, hydropower, and iron ore
are major resources.
Swedes
give
environmental
concerns high priority. Acid rain
from other European countries
is polluting lakes and damaging
forests.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 0.633 Q
Total 1.274 Q
$44,700
99%
Sweden has cool summers, and the
east is much colder than the west in
the winter.
46.8%
7.1%
26.5%
19.6%
it consumes.
Switzerland
Continent
Size
Europe
Slightly less than twice the size of New
Jersey
Population
8,061,516 people
73.8% Urban
26.2% Rural
Government
Formally a confederation but similar
in structure to a federal republic
Language
French, German,
Romansch
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
$55,200
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
Italian,
and
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Switzerland has few energy
resources, except for water, which
provides three quarters of its
electricity. Timber is a natural
resource.
Environmental issues are a very high
priority in Switzerland. Air pollution
from vehicle emissions is a concern.
Acid rain and water pollution are
also issues.
99%
Switzerland has a mountainous
continental climate with wide
fluctuations because of the varied
elevations of the Alps. South of
the Alps it is generally warmer and
sunnier.
it consumes, mostly petroleum and
natural gas.
75.6%
3.0%
17.9%
3.5%
1.800.875.5029
www.NEED.org
37
COUNTRY PROFILE
United Kingdom
Continent
Size
Europe
Population
63,742,977 people
Slightly smaller than Oregon
82.3% Urban
38
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Constitutional
monarchy
commonwealth realm
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
English
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
5.900 Q
Total 8.628 Q
17.7% Rural
Government
Total and
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
The U.K. has the largest energy
resources of any European country.
It has large oil and gas reserves
offshore and abundant coal. It
plans to increase the use of nuclear
energy to help meet demands. The
U.K. also uses wind power.
The U.K. is a leader in reducing
greenhouse gas emissions. It also
has reduced levels of industrial,
commercial, and household wastes.
$37,700
99%
The U.K. has a mild, temperate
climate that changes with the
seasons. The U.K. has rain year
round.
it consumes.
4.8%
76.0%
11.2%
8.0%
COUNTRY PROFILE
China
Continent
Size
Asia
Population
1,355,692,576 people
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Slightly smaller than the U.S.
54.4% Urban
Total 101.781 Q
Total 105.882 Q
45.6% Rural
CO2 Emissions
10,000.0 MMT (7.38 metric tons/
capita)
Government
Language
Communist state
Energy Balance
Mandarin, Mongolian, Uighur, and
Tibetan
consumes, mostly oil.
Resources
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
$12,900
China has vast energy resources. It
is the world’s largest producer and
consumer of coal. China was an
exporter of petroleum in the past,
but known fields are becoming
depleted and offshore reserves are
not yet productive. It has increased
both its production and its
consumption of natural gas. China
has the world’s largest hydropower
potential.
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
Of major concern is air pollution
due to coal use. Water pollution and
water shortages are also issues.
96.4%
The north and west regions of China
are arid with major temperature
variations. The south and southeast
regions are warm and humid with
year-round rainfall.
22.5%
69.1%
1.2%
7.2%
Democratic People’s Rublic of Korea (North Korea)
Continent
Size
Asia
Population
24,851,627 people
Slightly smaller than Mississippi
60.7% Urban
39.3% Rural
Government
Communist state one-man
dictatorship
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Korean
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 0.832 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
North Korea has coal and uranium
deposits and some mineral
resources. It has begun a politically
controversial nuclear program.
Water
pollution,
inadequate
supplies of safe drinking water,
and waterborne diseases are major
concerns. Deforestation and soil
erosion are also problems.
100%
North Korea has a temperate climate
with four seasons; its winters are dry
and cold, and its summers are hot
and humid.
1.076 Q
$1,800
No data available
it produces.
52.6%
47.4%
1.800.875.5029
www.NEED.org
39
COUNTRY PROFILE
India
Continent
Size
Population
Asia
Slightly more than one-third the size
of the U.S.
1,236,344,631 people
32.4% Urban
67.6% Rural
Government
Language
Federal republic
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
$5,800
Hindi, English, and 14 other official
languages
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 23.916 Q
CO2 Emissions
1,831.0 MMT (1.48 metric tons/
capita)
Energy Balance
it consumes, mostly coal and
petroleum.
Resources
India has large reserves of coal and
hydropower potential, but cannot
meet the demand for electric power.
Recently natural gas reserves have
been discovered, but India plans to
continue using imported gas. About
836 million people rely on biomass
for cooking.
There is widespread soil erosion
because of deforestation. Tap water
is not safe to drink throughout
the country. Natural resources are
strained due to the large population.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 16.282 Q
Total 6.424 Q
71.2%
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
15.874 Q
The north is very hot in summer, and
temperate in winter. The south has
lesser extremes. The country is very
dry except for monsoons in summer.
Total 17.7%
67.9%
2.1%
12.3%
Indonesia
Continent
Size
Southeast Asia
Slightly less than three times the size
of Texas
Population
253,609,643 people
53% Urban 47% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
Bahasa Indonesia
$10,200
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Indonesia has many energy
resources, including fossil fuels,
geothermal
resources,
and
hydropower potential. Known oil
resources are becoming depleted,
but it is a leading exporter in both
coal and natural gas.
Environmental priorities are low. The
biggest concerns are exploitation of
the tropical forests and urban and
industrial pollution.
93.9%
The climate is predominantly
tropical, with slight variations due
to latitude.
12.4%
84.7%
3.0%
it produces, mostly liquefied natural
gas.
40
COUNTRY PROFILE
Islamic Republic of Iran
Continent
Size
Asia (Middle East)
Population
80,840,713 people
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Slightly smaller than Alaska
72.9% Urban
Theocratic republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
13.644 Q
Total 9.645 Q
27.1% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Total Persian
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Iran has large oil and natural gas
reserves, as well as coal, metals, and
salt. It is a leading world producer
and exporter of oil.
Environmental issues are not a major
concern, yet urban air quality is poor.
Pollution from oil in the Persian Gulf,
inadequate supplies of safe drinking
water, and deforestation are also
concerns.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 0.095 Q
Total 1.044 Q
$16,500
86.8%
Most of the country is desert except
around the Caspian Sea, where it is
temperate.
13.4%
86.5%
0.2%
produces, mostly petroleum.
Israel
Continent
Size
Asia (Middle East)
Population
7,821,850 people
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Parliamentary democracy
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
Slightly larger than New Jersey
Hebrew and Arabic
$33,400
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Israel has few energy resources,
but natural gas fields were recently
discovered.
Since there are limited freshwater
resources, groundwater pollution
from industry, agriculture, and
domestic wastes is a concern.
97.8%
The climate includes hot desert and
Mediterranean conditions, which
have hot, dry summers and wet,
mild winters.
consumes.
97.4%
5.2%
1.800.875.5029
www.NEED.org
41
COUNTRY PROFILE
Japan
Continent
Size
Asian island
Population
127,103,388 people
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Slightly smaller than California
93% Urban
Total 1.568 Q
Total 20.306 Q
7% Rural
CO2 Emissions
1,276 MMT (10.04 metric tons/
capita)
Government
Parliamentary government with a
constitutional monarchy
Energy Balance
consumes.
Language
Transportation
Japanese
Resources
Japan has few natural resources,
besides hydropower potential. It is
the world’s largest importer of LNG,
second largest importer coal, and
third largest importer of oil.
Japan has a strong reverence for
nature. Environmental concerns
are a high priority, but air pollution
and acid rain are still issues. Japan
had previously been among the
top nuclear generation nations, but
following the Fukushima incident
they cut off nuclear generation for
environmental concerns.
$37,800
Railroads are the most important
mode of transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
99%
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
The climate is hot, wet, and muggy
in the summer, cool in winter.
Mountainous areas to the north stay
cooler and have snow in winter.
8.5%
87.0%
0.5%
4.0%
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Continent
Size
Asia (Middle East)
Population
27,345,986 people
Slightly more than one-fifth of the U.S.
82.9% Urban
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Monarchy
Fossil Fuels
42
17.1% Rural
Arabic
$52,800
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
The climate is very hot in the
summer, and cool in the winter.
Only the far south receives sufficient
rainfall.
100%
23.520 Q
Total 9.314 Q
CO2 Emissions
capita)
Energy Balance
produces, all of it petroleum.
Resources
Saudi Arabia has the world’s second
largest reserve of petroleum and
the fifth largest of natural gas. Its
economy is based on the export of
petroleum.
Industrial pollution of water is a
major concern. There has been
little environmental control until
recently, when the government
has begun trying to limit industrial
development to specific areas. Lack
of available fresh water is also a
problem.
94.7%
Total Energy Around the World
COUNTRY PROFILE
Kuwait
Continent
Size
Asia (Middle East)
Population
2,742,711 people
Slightly smaller than New Jersey
98.3% Urban
1.7% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Constitutional emirate
Fossil Fuels
Arabic
$71,000
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Arid desert with extremely hot
summers, cooler winters.
6.502 Q
Total 1.580 Q
CO2 Emissions
capita)
Energy Balance
produces, all petroleum.
Resources
Kuwait has large reserves of
petroleum and natural gas. Demand
for electricity has grown faster than
supply, and rolling blackouts are
common.
Lack of fresh water is a major
concern,
but
sophisticated
desalination plants provide most
of the water. Desertification and
air and water pollution are also
concerns.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 3.037 Q
Total 1.027 Q
96.3%
Total 100%
Oman
Continent
Size
Asia (Middle East)
Population
3,219,775 people
Slightly smaller than Kansas
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Monarchy
Fossil Fuels
Arabic
$44,100
CO2 Emissions
capita)
Energy Balance
produces, mostly petroleum.
Resources
Oman has large deposits
petroleum and natural gas.
Water is scarce. Coastal pollution
from oil spills and an increase in soil
salinity are also concerns.
91.1%
of
Oman’s climate is dry and desertlike along the coast and it is hot and
dry in the interior.
100%
1.800.875.5029
www.NEED.org
43
COUNTRY PROFILE
Pakistan
Continent
Size
Population
Asia
California
196,174,380 people
38.3% Urban
61.7% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Federal republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
Urdu, Panjabi, and English
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
57.9%
1.809 Q
Total 2.644 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Pakistan has petroleum, coal, natural
gas, and hydropower resources.
Exploration for oil and gas has
begun. Pakistan recently expanded
its nuclear power capacity.
As most of the population does not
have access to safe drinking water,
pollution from industry, agriculture,
and untreated sewage is a major
concern. Deforestation, soil erosion,
and desertification are also concerns.
$4,700
Total Most of the country is hot desert
with a mountainous region to the
north.
28.9%
68.0%
3.3%
0.2%
consumes, mostly petroleum.
Republic of Korea (South Korea)
Continent
Size
Asia
Population
49,039,986 people
Slightly larger than Indiana
82.4% Urban
Republic
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
Other Renewables
Total 1.558 Q
Total 11.520 Q
17.6% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
44
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
CO2 Emissions
capita)
Energy Balance
natural gas.
Resources
South Korea has few energy
resources. It depends on nuclear
power for much of its electricity
production and imports coal,
petroleum, and natural gas.
Industrial and urban pollution is a
problem. Acid rain is also a concern.
Korean and English
$35,400
97.9%
South Korea has four seasons, with
winters being dry and cold, and
summers that are hot and humid.
2.1%
72.4%
23.4%
2.1%
COUNTRY PROFILE
Russia
Continent
Size
Asia and Europe
Population
142,470,272 people
Almost twice the size of the U.S.
73.9% Urban
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Federation
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Nuclear
26.1% Rural
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 31.522 Q
CO2 Emissions
1,782 MMT (12.51 metric tons/
capita)
Energy Balance
it produces, mostly natural gas, coal,
and petroleum.
Resources
Russia has vast reserves of
petroleum, natural gas, hydropower,
and coal. It is a world leader in
production of electricity. Many
resources have not been developed.
Air pollution from heavy industry,
power plants, and vehicle emissions
is a concern. There is major
radioactive pollution in the Barents
Sea and many rivers have severe
damage from industrial pollution.
Deforestation and urban solid waste
management are also concerns.
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
Total 1.381Q
Total 5.054 Q
99.7%
The climate consists of mainly warm
summers and very cold winters with
variations by region.
55.296 Q
Russian
$24,800
Total 20.2%
69.2%
10.6%
Turkey
Continent
Size
Asia (Middle East)/ Europe
Population
81,619,392 people
Slightly larger than Texas
72.9% Urban
27.1% Rural
Government
Republican parliamentary
democracy
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Turkish
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Turkey has reserves of petroleum,
coal, and natural gas, as well as
hydropower
resources.
Dambuilding projects on the Tigris and
Euphrates rivers are controversial.
Water pollution from poor waste
management practices is a concern.
Deforestation and urban air
pollution are also concerns.
$19,600
95%
Turkey’s coastal areas have a
Mediterranean climate; the interior
has hot, dry summers and cold,
snowy winters.
natural gas.
31.8%
62.8%
5.4%
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45
COUNTRY PROFILE
Vietnam
Continent
Size
Asia
Population
93,421,835 people
33% Urban
67% Rural
Government
Language
Transportation
Literacy Rate
Climate
Communist state
Hydropower
Fossil Fuels
Other Renewables
Vietnamese
Energy Production
Energy Consumption
45.0%
55.0%
0.1%
Total 2.326 Q
CO2 Emissions
Energy Balance
Resources
Vietnam has reserves of petroleum
and natural gas, as well as coal. It has
greater hydropower potential. It is
an exporter of oil, and its resources
could make it a powerful country, if
wisely developed.
Soil erosion caused by deforestation
is a major concern. Water
pollution and overfishing are also
problems. Urban centers have poor
environments due to industry and
large populations.
The climate in the south is warm
year round, while the north has
cool winters. There are periods of
drought and flood.
2.576 Q
$5,600
94.5%
Total Exports 9.7 percent of the energy it
produces.
46
Evaluation Form
State: ___________
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8. Were the students interested and motivated?
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9. Was the energy knowledge content age appropriate?
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Please explain any “no” statements below
How would you rate the activity overall?
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Other Comments:
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