JUNE 2009 - Acoustic Dimension

JUNE
2009
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a
are
transformers
Again,custom-made
throughout.
for the
employed
used,herewith a toroidaltransformer
powersupply.
is heavygaugesteel,finished
Thechassis
to
with fivecoatsof paint,handrubbedand polished
(thoughunderstated)
finish.lt boasts
an immaculate
throughoutandcomeswith an
highqualitycomponents
highqualityremotecontrolhandsetfor
extraordinarily
volumecontrolandswitchingbetween
sourceselection,
Theremotecontrol
or triodeamplification.
ultralinear
CDplayers.
oneof PrimaLuna's
alsooperates
cheaper- is Pure
In contrast- andconsiderably
and
in appearance
utilitarian
A30,
somewhat
Sound's
minimalist.
valveslookingdecidedly
with its exposed
are somewhatminimaltoo, with an on/off
Features
rotaryswitch,manualvolumecontrolandrotary
selectorto switchbetweenjustthreelineinputs.As
The
with the EARthereis no remotecontroloperation.
6550 output
ElectroHarmonix
430 usesfour Russian
a pairof 6N8Psanda pair
valvesanda pairof 6N9Ps,
but buildqualityis
lt mightlookutilitarian,
of 5Z3Ps.
fineandit'sa lot of amplifierfor the price.Likethe
to triode
it canbe switchedfrom ultralinear
PrimaLuna
reductionin poweroutput.
operationwith a subsequent
is
STP-80
Shanling's
Aswith all its products,
styledwith a highqualityof finish
distinctively'retro'
of four
that beliesits modestprice.Usinga complement
EL34outputvalvesandthree6N3Pvalvesit features
'Primalunamight sound
Italian,but the companyis
basedin the Netherlands'
a dot-matrixVFDdisplayon the front to show source
selectionand volume setting.Thiscan be dimmed
but not entirelydefeated,while a bright blue'power
on' LEDremainsat full brightnessat all times, which
some might find distracting.Sourceselectionis via
up/down buttons on the left-handside of the top plate;
volume control is governed by
a switched-resistor
matching up/down buttons on the right of the top plate.
While perhaps more a case of style over real-world
practicality,these controls matter not - as the amplifier
comes with a full-function remote control handset that
is pleasinglysolid and will operate an entire Shanling
system,not just the STP-80.
P40 integrated,
Finallywe have UnisonResearch's
employinga complement of four EL34s,
two ECC82sand a pair of
ECC83s.This ClassAB model
lacksthe distinctive wooden
56 : www.hifinews.co.uk: JUNE2009
casedetailingof many UnisonResearchmodelsand to
these eyesit looksa little'clunky' in its styling,although
its purposefuland decidedlyretro form was admired
by some visitorsto my listeningroom. Extremelyheavy'
chunky rotary controls cover power on/off, source
selectionand volume. Only the volume operatesby
remote control, UnisonResearchshippingthe P40 with
a wooden-bodiedhandsetthat reallydoesn't match the
amplifier.lt's a handsetfor a UnisonResearchsystem,
festoonedwith about 30 identicaltiny buttons of which
you will use just two: volume up and volume down!
ABOVE:
PrimaLuna's
One
DiaLogue
hasfive line
inputsand
a line-level
'Tape'output.
Additionally
there'sa preout/poweramP
in terminalpair
that PrimaLuna
referto as HT
INTHEGLow
ft ansrcucmany
So
Pass-Thru.
hourswerespent
enjoyable
Forauditioning,
aswith the EAR
usingmyvenerable
to all fiveamplifiers
listening
816this allows
turntablewith matching
RockReference
Townshend
the DiaLogue
fittedwith Ortofon'ssublime
Excalibur
arm,currently
Oneto be used
MCcartridge.Phonostagewasa Graham
Kontrapunkt
Compactdiscswere to drivethe
CramAmp3 Fanfare.
SleeProjects'
front speakers
recentlyintroducedHD990
spunon HarmanKardon's
ina'Home
DV-868AV|
a Pioneer
[seeHFNMay'09]alongside
and DVD-Audio Theater'(HT)
playerusedfor playingSACDs
universal
system
to
wereconnected
anddigitalsources
discs.Analogue
eachampin turn usingthe sametwo setsof Townshend
wereMonitor
Loudspeakers
DCT300interconnects.
and
with 90dBsensitivity
AudioP1300floorstanders
have
the PL3OOs
lmportantly
6ohmoverallimpedance.
anybig
curvethat will minimise
a smoothimpedance
systemresponse.
swingsin the valveamp/speaker
Listening
firstto familiarCDtracksI beganwith
DianaKraf
l's'My Lovels'from1997'sLoveScenes
816the bassintro
[fmpulseIMP'|2342].ThroughEAR's
wasfull and rounded,but a touchsoftwith somelack
of 'slap'tothe pluckedstrings.MoreoverDianaKrall's
voicesoundeda touchlazyasif it the edgeshadbeen
Gnow
over-polished.Whereas EARamplifiers are renowned for
'not soundinglike typical valve amps' I thought that this
reallydid sound like one. lt was rather laidback,mellow,
and oh-so-smooth.
Switchingto the PrimaLunaDiaLogueOne, the
sound was immediatelymore vibrant and crisp.Far
from lazy,DianaKrall'svocal displayedclearerdiction,
alongsidefast leadingedgesto the pluckedbassstrings
that brought a real senseof occasionto the music.
The Primalunaadded spaceand air to the image that
brought the track alive.Similarin its tonal palette,Pure
Sound's430 alsosoundedup-beatand quick-footed
with this DianaKralltrack. lt was lean comparedwith
the EAR,but as a consequencesoundedfast and highly
in
detailed.I noted it soundeda touch over-exhilarating
upper mid frequencies- with a little'edge'to the vocal
that might prove tiring long-term.
Switchingto Shanling'sSTP-80the double bassintro
was a touch leanerstill.So too was DianaKrall'svoice,
soundingnasalin comparisonto the deliveryfrom the
other amplifiers.Consonantsin her vocal deliverycame
acrosswith clean leadingedges but her tone appeared
bleachedof colour and the percussivefinger-clicks
throughout the track had taken on an unrealcharacter,
soundinglike the 'clack'of wood blocks.
Finallyto the UnisonResearchP40. Thisdelivered
a pleasingenough twang to the pluckedstringsof
the double basswhile Diana'svoice was both light
and simultaneouslyvelvety in texture. But the image
'FureSound's
430 is
the mix. The 816 wasn't as'open'-soundingas I'd have
liked,appearinga touch congested.
Swappingfrom the EARto the Shanlingthis time,
it once again was demonstrablyleanerbut none the
worse foi it as the resultantaudio picturewas clear and
explicit,with more of a 3D image that better allowed
one to pick out female voicesand keyboardlinesfar
back in the mix. Not as bold and powerful-soundingas
the EAR,it neverthelesssoundedfast and clean.This
Cohentrack is a dense mix of keyboardsand backing
vocal linesthat can be swamped by Cohen'sclosemiked,growling vocal deliveryand the composition's
over-the-top bass line. Where the EARsounded a bit
cloying,the Shanlingsoundedmore freshand open.
Pure
ABOVE:
Sound's430 is
m i n i m a l i si n
t
the extreme,
with no remote
controland
just three
line inputs.A
discreettoggle
switchon
the top plate
selectsbetween
ultralinear
andtriode
operation
SPII'[E.TINGIING
Thingsimprovedevenfurtherwhenswitchingto
a high
the PrimaLuna.
TheDialogueone delivered
resolution,
detailedpictureof thisdensemultitrackedrecording,
soundingloudand powerfuland
delicateand refinedthroughthe middle
simultaneously
lt demonstrated
a spine-tingling
seemeda little closed-incomparedwith the PrimaLuna, andupperregisters.
with plentyof
abilityto conveyreallycleantransients,
PureSoundand Shanlingamps that had precededit. lf
'lush',
the EARwas to be describedas
so too was the
airthat allowedme to hearrightintothe densemix.
A30 it
Interestingly,
whenI movedon to PureSound's
UnisonResearchin that it soundedfulsome in the lower
massive
imagethat I hadn't
threwout an uncommonly
registers,with a darkershadingthan the Shanling,Pure
noticedfromthe A30 whenplayingthe DianaKrall
Soundand PrimaLunamodels.
'By
Stayingwith familiarCD tracks I moved on to
The
track.I observed
textureanddetailin backingvocals
with the EARandShanling.
RiversDark' from LeonardCohen's Ien New Songs album that hadgoneunnoticed
Despiteits pricethe PureSoundwasn'tput in the shade
[Sony5012022]. Listeningto the EAR816 it sounded
by the PrimaLuna
amplifiereither,lackingonlyin its
like the equivalentof a bold, full-bloodedred wine. With
of veryfinebackground
detailsthat were
immenselypowerful and robust basslinesunderpinning resolution
one.
moreeasilydiscerned
with the DiaLogue
this broodingtrack, the EARseemedin its element:
P40hada
Cohen'sdar:kvocalswere uncommonlV
In comparison
UnisonResearch's
thanksto the
clear and thrown to the fore of
tendencyto soundoverwhelming
over-the-top
low bassin this particular
recording,
the image, if to the detriment of
in the midband.
o
delicatedetailsfurther back in
consequently
it waslessopen-sounding
minimalisf in the extreme,
withjustthreeline inputs'
JUNE2009 : www.hifinews.co.uk
5..:..G'*$g+:ss+
CertainlyI was up close and personalwith Cohen's
voice,while the depth and width of the image were
cornmendableindeed.Howeverit requiredmore effort
to listen in to the subtle detailsof keyboardfills and the
female voicesburied far back in the soundstage.
RAISING fiIE BAR
Curious
to hearhow thisclutchof valveintegrateds
I
recordedat highresolution
mightinterpretsources
Musicof Frank
spunup the OmnibusWind Ensemble's
ZappaSACD[Opus3, 19423} Thisis an audiophile
from 1995,madeusinga simple
analoguerecording
arrangement
stereomicrophone
Blumlein
single-point
soundof
whichhascaptureda natural,unembellished
Thedual-layered
in a naturalacoustic.
realinstruments
at CD
hybridSACDallowsoneto listento thisrecording
DSDqualityon the
qualityandthenswitchto higher-res
SACDlayer.I'm usedto playingthisdiscto anyvisitors
curiousto audition'hi-resdigital',my systemnormally
between
morethancapableof showingthe difference
the two layerson the disc.
trulydid justice
Noneof thesefiveintegrateds
Knowingthat the SACDlayershould
to the SACD.
betterportraythe tonalcoloursandtexturesof the
to the
senseof realism
with an increased
instruments,
failedto showthisin
musicalevent,allfiveamplifiers
I could
the obviousmannerto whichI'm accustomed.
oerceivesubtledifferencesbetweenthe CDand SACD
'Noneof thesef,vevaive
integratedstruiy did justice
to the higher-resSACD'
I'veheardthem before;hadI not, I would
layersbecause
andcouldquiteeasilyjump
havebeenunderwhelmed
areno more
that the differences
to the conclusion
in
merelya 'cosmetic'variation
thansubtle,comprising
overalltonalshading.
when'rocking
Similarly
I wasa littleunimpressed
from
ageingrockclassic
out'to a deeplyunfashionable
for
Foreigner,1981'sForeigner4 album,remastered
None
8122743669].
in 2001 [Atlantic/Rhino
DVD-Audio
demonstrated
the 'chalk'n' cheese'
of theseamplifiers
to whencomparing
that I'm accustomed
difference
the CDwith the 24-bitl96kHzDVD-A.Listeningto the
pumpingrhythmof 'JukeBoxHero'it is usuallyapparent
discmakesthe CD
in an instantthat the DVD-Audio
squashed,
anddynamically
versionsoundcompressed
a sparkling
realism
the hi-resversiondemonstrating
better
alongwith substantially
to cymbalcrashes
'
58 : www.hifinews.co.uk JUNE2009
dynamicattackto bassand drums.Of this group of
amplifiers,only the EAR816 and PrimalunaDiaLogue
One did much justiceto the superiorityof the DVD-A
remaster,the others tending to glossover the enhanced
resolutionof the 24/96 version.
Neil Young's1971 classicHarvestalbum is one of
the most fascinatingDVD-Asin my collection[Reprise
9362-48100-91.As well as a 24196multichannelstream
(that can be playedin stereo,of course)it contains
a two-channel24-bitl192kHztrack taken from the
originalstereo master usedto cut the vinyl more than
40 yearsago. When I first acquiredthis disc I was taken
abackto discoverthat the 96kHz versionactually
soundsbetter than the 192kHz version!You can hear
that for the multichannelversionit has been remixed
and subsequentlyremasteredfrom the recording's
multitracktape - a generationback from the stereo
mastertaoe of 1971. Thistime even the EARand
PrimaLunafailed to portray the differencein claritythat
I'm usedto hearing.
VINYI, ADDICTIONS
The majority of valve amplifieraficionadosdon't need
me to tell them that there is musicalmagic hidden
'the black stuff'. Sureenough,as
within the depths of
I spent many hours ploughingthrough a selectionof
favourite LPs(and a few 12in singlesthat haven'tseen
daylightfor a long while, from the likesof Depeche
Mode, Heaven17 and FrankieGoesto Hollywood),not
one of these five amplifiersleft me feelingwanting
for much more when playingrecords.lf you're of a
mind that that you need a pair of Krellmonoblocks
to do justiceto the thumping, pumping basslinesof
'Relax',think again. Eventhe modest power of
Frankie's
PureSound'sA30 proved more than enough to shake
the rafterswithout any feeling of strain or dynamic
'SlaveTo The Rhythm'
compression.And CraceJones'
soundedaltogether more dynamic,powerful and o
ABOVE:
Shanling's
STP-80hasfour
line inputsand
a fixed-level
lineoutput
for recording
whateversource
is playing.The
suppliedRC-09
handsetallows
remote control
of volumeand
sourceselection
- a n dw i l l
alsocontrola
S h a n l i nC
g D/
SACDplayer.A
VFDon the front
paneldisplays
input selection
andvolume
setting.lt can
be dimmed.but
not defeated
organicon vinyl than my CD copy with its sibilant,hard
edge and complete absence of the infrabasssynth
notes that are cut into the vinyl release.The EAR816
'SlaveTo The Rhythm', as did the
truly kicked with
UnisonResearchP40. Both modelswere at home with
the driving bassand percussion,while their smooth
charactertook any sting out of the track'stendency
toward stridency.With such a heavilyprocessed
electronictrack the Primalunafailed to shinequite so
much and the Shanlingand PureSoundamps sounded
'electronic'when quicklycompared
a little anaemicand
back-to-backin this group.
EASY ON THE E,AR
Choosing a treasured copy of the LPO'sArnold Overtures
2LPset as a referencesourcefor analyticallistening
[ReferenceRecordingsRR-48],this brightly-lit18-yearold recording from Watford Town Hall sounded powerful
and majesticthrough the EAR.The opening minutes of
'A Sussexoverture' had crispnessas well as delicacy,
soundingvivid, open, and transparent,with an easyon-the-earqualitythat managed not to exaggeratethe
bright tonal quality of the recording.With the Shanling
'oomph'compared with the EAR,
there was a lack of
the sharp rasp of the brasssection
I
felt
that
although
and crashing cymbals were better portrayed. Less
comfortableon the ear, perhaps,and lighter in balance,
the Shanlingsoundedreallyexplicit.
A valveampcan createa
musicalexperiencefull of
dramaand ex'oression'
So too did the PrimaLuna,but with broadertonal
shadingthat made the brasssound palpablymore real.
Moreoverthe shimmer of the cymbalswasn't buried by
'crash'.The massivekettle drum had more of
their initial
the power and weight displayedby the EAR,as well.
Moving on to the PureSound,once again the A30
demonstratedits exceptionalimage width and depth
capability.lt didn't havethe thunderousbasspower
of EAR's816 but it wasn't far short, being the equal of
the PrimaLuna.Meanwhileit had tremendousDresence
through the midband that, unlikethe other amps,
brought the orchestraright into the room.
lf I'd been a little underwhelmedby the Unison
Researchuntil now, the P40 came into its own with this
LPOanaloguerecording.Along with basspower that
seemedthe equal of the EAR,it unraveledlayersof inner
detail to convey hall ambienceand low-leveldynamic
inflectionson a wide, deep soundstage,renderingthis
wonderful audiophilerecordingwith startlinglylifelike
realism.Fabulousstuff.
Assumingthat you don't want to listenat
extraordinarilyhigh sound pressurelevels,and that
speakerload matching is carefullyattendedto as well, a
valve amplifiercan create a natural musicalexperience
full of drama, expressionand listenerinvolvement.All
five integrateds tested here displayed a seductively
liquid sound character,rich in texture and dynamic
expressionalong with a low fatigue factor that should
haveyou enjoyingmusicfor hourson end. Without
'character'.And each
doubt each amplifierhas its own
amplifierseemsto vary dependingon sourcematerial,
soundingbetter with simple recordingsthan with
dense,complicatedtracks.Be preparedto investtime
auditioningvarioustypes of musicthrough your choice
of speakersbefore making a choice.The experienceof a
specialistdealer must not be undervaluedhere.
HI.RES FUIT'RE
I was disappointedto find that none of them fully
did justiceto higher resolutionrecordings.lf you
feel that your entertainmentfuture will soon involve
downloadinghi-resdigital filesyou might be best
advisedto consideramplifiersother than these.
While it's common for LPloversin particularto
swear by valve amplifiers,one can't help feelingthat in
many instances- especiallywhere listenerscomplain
'hard'- a valve amplifier
that CD soundsbleachedand
might prove a perfect tonic for tired ears. lf your system
becomeswearing after an evening'slistening,perhaps
you shouldconsiderinvestingin a sweet-soundingvalve
amplifiersuch as one of these! G>
:Iiii':*
60
www.hifinews.co.uk JUNE2009
ABOVE:
Unison
P40
Research's
integratedhas
four line inputs,
one fixed level
lineoutput
labelledTape,
and a variable
(preamp)
output
disingenuously
labelledSub
(L+R)Out. As
with other
UnisonResearch
amplifiers,
there'sa socket
for providing
powerto the
company's
'SimplyPhono'
add-onphono
stage
VAI,VE AMPLIFIER VERDICT
Withonlythreeinputsandnoremote
control the PureSound430 is decidedly
minimalistand its exposedvalvesmight
precludeit from some family households.
However, it representsexcellent value
a n d d i s p l a y fsa b u l o u ss p a t i a li m a g i n g
'open'sound character.
along with a fresh,
Lessimpressivein terms of image threedimensionalityyet commendablyfast and
engaging,Shanling'sSTP-80also represents
very good value- if its slightlygregarious
EAR816
Despiteits 'ClassA operation,
powerconsumptionstill
increases
from 285W (idle)
to 330w at its rated 2x50w
output. Powerinto lower
impedancesis heldto -30W
(-50W dynamic)via its Sohm
tap but at leastdistortionis
loW just -0.05%
impressively
through upperbassand
m i d r a n g ea t 1 O w 8 o h ma n d
increasing
to 1%at zokHz.
gentlywith
THDalsoincreases
at 1W 0.5%
output,from O.O2%
at 50W and 4%at 75w8ohm.
Theseare exemplaryfigures
for a valveamp! Output
impedancewas a little higher
than anticipatedat -1.4ohm .
and an increasein white noise
(ratherthan hum) meansthe
A-wtdSiNis just 72d8. PM
stylingdoesn'tput you off. lt comeswith
too. Withthe
full remotecontroloperation,
modelsin thisgroup,
two moreexpensive
P40and EAR816,bass
the UnisonResearch
wasextendedwith goodrhythmicdriveon
Butin my system
recordings.
appropriate
'heavy',
both modelssoundeda touch
that made
of
authority
with
a
sense
albeit
works
orchestral
of large-scale
recordings
Frombothof theseamplifiers
enthralling.
and
I'd havelikeda tad morepresence
PRIMATUNA DIALOGUE 1
Rumourhasit that the
DialogueOne is reallya
DialogueTwo runningwith
EL34sratherthan KT88s.
Whilethe 2x50W maximum
power output (into both 8 and
4ohm) is the same,distortion
was certainlya lot higher
in this sample,particularly
throughthe right channel.At
10W8ohm distortionfallsto
a minimumof 1.6%(left)and
3.2%(right)with a maximumof
7.5%at zoHzl The high output
impedanceis,er, higherstill
at -5ohm and this \^/illadd
further colourby modifying
response.
The
the amp/speaker
A-wtdS/Nis on par at 82dB (re.
OdBW),channelbalancegood
at 0.3d8 and separationalso
at >58d8. PM
satisfactory
poweroutput
poweroutput Craph
below:Dynamic
Dynamic
Craphbelow:
(red)
and
(red),
2ohm intoSohm
into8ohm(black),4ohm
{black),40hm
2ohm(blue)
{blue)and lohm (gfeen)
sparkle.TheP40hasremotecontrolof,
volume,whilethe 816isstrictly'manual'.
Thismightbe an importantfactorin any
you sit nextto
purchasing
decisionunless
yourrackof kit.Thestarof the groupwas
DialogueOne.lts midrange
the PrimaLuna
thanthe others,
hada bit morepresence
a broadtonalpalettethat was
displaying
richlytextured.Withenoughinputsto cover
andfull remotecontrol,
mostrequirements
it isjudgedthe bestvalueof thisgroup.{D
P4O
UNISONRESEARCH
PURESOUNDA3O
STP-80
SHANL!NG
Testedin ultralinearmode,the
A30 showsa distortiontrend
uniformlywith
that increases
output,so the amp achieves
around2x2ow at 1%THDand
2x35Wat 2%THD.lt even
maintainssome2x25Wat
20H2.TheA30 is a true Class
A designand eatsaround
260W from the wall at idleor
full output,but it's alsovery
slightly'buzzy'with extended
PSUharmonics(upto 2kHz)
compromisingthe overall
78.5dBSiNratio.Distortion
on
is high at bassfrequencies
the left channelbut otherwlse
'O,2%
at
hitsa minimumof
'1.85%
at
100Hz and a max.of
20kHz.The 1.5-2.4ohmoutput
impedancewill incura variable
resp.with somespeakers.PM
valve
Thisultralinear-mode
Cainis a high +44d8 but
amplifieris capableof
there'sno shortfallin power
sustaining2x59Winto 8/4ohm
which meets
from the STP-80
loads(only50W dynamic)
at a
its 2x35Wspecification
t h r o u g ht h e m i d r a n g ea n d ,
good 2x47Winto both 8 and
4ohm loadsvia its 8 and 4ohm thanksto its substantialoutPut
down to as low
Nevertheless transformers,
taps,respectively.
as 20Hz in the bass.Thesingle
the amp doesnot betterthe
<0.1%THDquoted in the
output tap is ratedat 6ohm
manual.In fact distortionnever and offers a practicalsource
impedanco
ef 1.3-1.5ohm
fallsto 0.1%from 1-40Wand
is typically0.2%(rightchannel) which will incursomeresponse
accordingto the
irregularities
andO.45%(leftchannel)from
speakerload.
risingat higher
2OHz-1okHz,
8ohm,
Into a non-reactive
We'veseenthis
frequencies.
the responseis -1 .1dB/20kHz
difierencein L/Rdistortion
'character'in severalprevious with distortionaround0.5%
up to 1OkHz,beyondwhich it
Shanlingproducts,but at
quicklyincreases
above1%.The
leastthe 10.1dB response,
-0.65ohm output impedance P40 is the 'quietest'amp in our
test with an A.wtd S/Nratio of
and 79dBA-wtdSINare
85dB (re.OdBW).PM
consistentbetween L/R. PM
poweroutput
Craph
below:Dynamic
(red),
2ohm
into8ohm(black),4ohm
poweroutPut
Dynamic
poweroutput Craph
below:
CEphbelow:Dynamic
(red)
and
(black),4ohm
(red),
2ohm intoSohm
into80hm(black),4ohm
2ohm{blue)
andlohm{green)
{blue)
(blue)and lohm {greeo)
E
trl
E
t
e
N
I
z
TESTPAMMETERS/ MODET
EAR8L6
1
PRIMALUNA
DIALOGUE
€
{
€
e
PURESOUNDA3O
STP.8O
SHANL1NG
2x4aw| 2x47w
P4O
UNISONRESEARCH
2 x 5 B W/ 2 x 5 B W
Power output (<I %IH D, B/4ohm)
2x55W/ 2x29W
2 x 5 0 W/ 2 x 5 0 W
2 x 3 5 W/ 2 x 3 8 W
Dynamic power (Blal2llohm)
66w/4BW/23W/low
72Wl71wl13W
43Wl42Wl4OWl14w s3w/s2wl54wl46W 5owi50w/ew
Output impedancel2OHz-2OkHz) 1.22-2.7oohm
Frequencyresponse(20H2-2okHz) - 0 . 3 d 8 t o l . 2 5 d B
5.05-5.35ohm
1.5-2.4ohm
0.60-0.65ohm
1.29-l.36ohm
-0.55d8 to -0.45d8
- 0 . 2 5 d 8t o - 0 . 3 0 d B
- 0 . 1d Bt o - 1 . 2 dB
- 0 . 1d Bt o - 1 . 1d B
at l0W)
Distortion {20H2'2okHz
0.043-1.0%
RcnJ
1.6-3.2%{3.2-7.5%
0 . 2 1- 1 . 8 5 %
(0.17-0.8%
Rc h )
0.95-1.0%
0.32-1.30%
A-wtd S/N ratio (re.odBW)
72.OdB
82.3d8
78.5d8
78.9dB
84.9d8
>55d8
>60d8
Stereo separation(20H2-20kHz)
>50d8
>58d8
48dB
JUNE2009 , lvUvw.hifinews.co.uk 63