Crustaceans (Ostracoda, Cladocera, Copepoda)

Crustaceans (Ostracoda, Cladocera, Copepoda)

(Ostracoda,
Crustaceans
Cladocera,
Copepoda)
from basinsofthe River Tisa Region(Ukraine)
Naralia Novalchuk
Introdaction
Theexistence
of aquaticpopulations
ofany regionis determined
by theamount
andquality of wateraccessingth€ areaThe quality of wat€r in lh€ river is dep€ndenlon interactionsb€twecna numb€r
of prcc€sscscithcr natural or causcd by anlhropogenic agcnts. The form€r
conventionally
refersto the €duction(the so-callcd'self,purification'
process€s)
of
waler.Numerousliving organismspanicipatcin theseprocesses
by withdrawing
organicmatterandacc€ssible
min€ralsubstances
fromth€ water.On the otherhand,
more often, certainhydrobiontsare associat€d
with th€ pollutionof waler with
prcduclsrelatedto thevariouseconomicactivitiesof humans€xtraneous
The mor€
siablea communityof aquaticdwellersis, the mor€ succ€ssful
they will be in
wilhdmwingandtransforming
prcsentin thewater.As
various€xtmneous
admixtures
a resull,betl€rwalerqualitywillbe achieved.
Theknowledge
aboutthestuctureandthcpcculiarities
ofthe functioning
of the
communities
ofaqualicorganisms
is a n€c€ssary
conditionfor theeffectivecontrolof
walerqualityand for the duedetection
ofunfavourable
changes.
Knowledgein this
field servesas basisfor developingpracticalm€asuresofth€ improvem€ntof w?ter
quality.
Und€rthe mounlainous
conditionsof th. Caryathianterritoryof Ukmine,a
relalivelybig river(i... RiverTi$: a larget.ibutaryofRiver Danub€)s€rvcsas the
basicdrain of the arca-Riv€r Tisa is lh€ maior aqueousanery andthe basicsourceof
drinkingwaterin Hungary.
In accordance
with thosemenlionedabove.we considerthat finding oul ih€
species
composition
of conmuniliesinhabilingth€basinsof lh€ RiverTisaregionis
an imporlantstaS€ofthe research
analysing
thc formationofwate.quality.
Keywords:microzoobenlhos,
zooplankton,
crustaceans,
RiverTisa
Mot riah and M.thods
The mat€rialfor the researchwas mainly samplesofmicrozoobenthosand also
periphyton
andzooplankton.
We tooksampl€s
fromrivers,brooks,springsandbasins
383
with stagnant
water.whichw€reassociated
with RiverTisa-Samplingwascarriedout
ov€r7y€ars.mainlyinthesummefperiod.Theprocedure
ofprocessing
thesamples
is
givenin previously
published
papers
(N. Kovalchuk1990,1993,1997).
Resuhsand Discutsion
Microscopic
organisms
andanimalsthatarefineby siz€butarehighlyorganised
in lhisareaoftheTisar€gion,andrepresenl
arepoorlyjnvesligated
specialinreresr.
In
panicular,ihe planklooicandb€nthiccrustaceans
oflhc groupsCopcpoda,Cladocem
and Osiracodaare concerned.
Unfortunat€ly,
ther€hasbeenonly one monograph
(Polishchuk
1986)recentlythatoffersanup-to-datc
r€presentation
andGarasevich,
of
inhabilinEthediversebasins
the richness
ofliving organisms.
includingcrustac€ans.
ofth.regionofRivcrTisain its Ukrdinianrcach.Inlhc monognph(Hydro€colo$/of
theUkruinianr€aches
ofthe Danubeandalliedbasinsr(1993)only lhechaplerby A.
A. Kovalchuk(Protozoans
andthemicrofaunD€onlainsdataon ther€gionofRiver
Tisa,whilerher€stofrhe materials
appearing
ther€aremoregeneral,
dealingwith the
regionsofthe rivcrsTisaandPrut,andalsoincludingaoplanktondata.
As aresultofofoursludieswerevealed
28 spccies
andsubspecies
ofcrustac€ans,
nanclyi 3 speciesfrom the SroupOsracoda,S from Cladocem,
T from Copepoda
and 14 from Cop€poda
Ha+acticoida.
Datafrom our research
Cyclopoida,
andthe
findingsofofter authors
allowto ascenain
lhalprescnlly8? specics
andsubspecies
of
groups(s€eTable)arcknownfromthebasinsofthe
oflhe dislinguishcd
crustac€ans
diverseUkrainianreachof Rive.'l'isa.11is necessary
to emphasiy€
thal th€ group
Osiracoda
hadnot b€€nstudicdsp€ciallyin lhe region.The specificfindingsdo not
give definitive infomation about speciesrichness.The sp€ciescomposilionof
in lhe examinedmassis
Cladocem,
Copepoda
Cyclopoida,
andCopepoda
Calanoida
usualfor planktonic
communili€s.
Te subord€r
Hamaclicoida
is ofsD€cialintercst.Basedon theresultsofresearch
studicsfocusingon lhis groupofcruslac€ros,
somehavebeenassumed
to be species
have considerablyhigh
new for scienceor for the region-Only Harpaclicoida
orSanizalion
in themicroscopic
mng€-Duc to this.asclimaticcondilionschang€din
the coursea long historicperiod,it becamepossiblefor thesespecieslo occupy
differenlecotopes:
lo leaveop€n*aler andinhabilinlerslitialwatersor lhe phrealic
warenofsprings.I n contras(
with largeranimalspccicsdemanding
largeecolopes
wilh
with theirgrcaterquantities,
stableconditions,
it is obviousthatHarpacticoida.
have
richness,
b€enablelo remainin lhe slateofhigh species
andaretodaylive witDesses
of bygoneepo.hs. AU thesemake lhe group cxlraordinarilyintereslingto the
researchers
of lhe evolutionof th€ world fauna,and €sp€ciallylo biogeographers.
Harpacticoids
arc valuablesubj€ctsfor the analysisof the waysin which lbunistic
complexes
andnatuBlsystems
ofpresenttim€ havelbrmed.Theirgroupis a major
objectofecologicalres€archcs
bothin lhe gcnemllheoretical
senscor in thc applied
natureconsewalion
approach.
t84
Conclusions
Theknowledge
aboutcruslaceans
inhabitingthebasinsin theUkrainianreaches
of RiverTisa is unsatisfaclory.
Ceftir groupsof crustaceans
suchas Ostracoda
or
bottom-dwelling
and veg€tation,inhabiting
Cladocerahave nol been investigared
generally.
Ourresultsoflhe studyofthegroupHarpacticoidatestify
lhatrheymayhave
a potentiallyhigh and yet undescribed
speciesrichness.This especiallyconcems
interstitialcruslaceans.
It is necessaryto notethat adversechang€saretaking placein
mountainous
ecosystems.
Theyarecausedby theactiveeconomicactiviiyofhumans
(in particular.mostly by improperfor€stry),which, as regardsits strength,is
comparable
with naturaldisast€rs.
Undersuch
conditions
a numberofaquatic
dwellers
thalprcsenllyensureuscatarobic
water,nay disappffrfromtheEanhssurface,
even
befor€beinsdescribed
by science.
Sufimory
Systematised
dataon the species
composition
anddislributionofcrusraceans
in
the microzoobenthos,
zooplankton
andperiphylonofbasinsin thediverseUkainian
regionof Rivcr Tisa are presented.
ln the final tabl€87 sp€ciesand subspecies
of
crustaceans,
discov€r€d
by tbeauthofandotherr€searchers,
a.eincluded.
ReIercnces
Kovalchuk N.Ye.. Kovalchuk A.A (1990): Noviy vid nkoobEznih (copepod.
P.rastenocaridae)
iz Gorganskoho
masivr UkninskihK pal(Newspecies
ofcrustaceans
(CopepodaPlnstenocaridae)
fto,n the Gor8anmassifof lhe Ukhinian Carpathi.n0.V e s r n iak o l o g i i .- K i y i v . Nl : 7 5 - 7 6( i . R u s s i s )
Kovalchuk
N.Ye.(1993):Faunaiekologiyaharpaklykoid
ShidnihKarpat(Faunaandecolo$/of
Harpaciicoidsofthe
Edl Ca.pathidt. In: FaunaShidnyhKaaat: Such$niyStaniohorcna
- Uzhgorcd:2?9-281(iD
(Farni of the EastCrpaihios. Prcsenrslalefd protection).
KovalchukN.Ye.(1997):Do rczpovsudzltennia
harpatlikoidv mezhahUkdyins'kih Karpat
(On$e distdbution
of Haryacticoids
irr$e UkoinianCarpathiant.I.: Inlemational
aspects
oftbe sludyandconsery.tion
ofbiodiveuityin theC paihians.
Septenber
25-27,1997.Ukaine.Rakhiv:99-l0l (in UkEinio)
Koval.huk. A.A. (1993)r Prosteishiyei mikrofauna(Protozoansand micrcfauna).,
HidroekoloSia
ukninskogouchdlkaDunayrisopredel'nih
vodoyomov(Hydrcecology
of
theUkoiniansiteofRiverDarubeand.llied basis).- Kiyiv.NaukovaDunka: I I 9-I 48rin
385
Monch..ko V.I. ( | 981): Noviyc dlia fauni SovebkohoSouzsisiklopi (Crusbcd, Cyclopoida)
(Cyclopoids (CrustaceaCyclopoida)new io thc fauna of the Sovier Union). - Vestrik
@losii. - Kiyiv,N 6:29-35(in R6sian)
ParchukG.V. (193): Zooplanklon.In: Hydrc.colo$ ofthe ljliairid silc ofthc Darubc.nd
alliedb.sins.- Kiyi%NaukowDumka:149{63 (in Russian)
PolishchukV.V., Ga'"gitch |.G. ( | 9E6):Biososnficheskiye dpekri izuchmiya vodoyoDov
bals€inaDunayav pEd.lah SSSR(BioAdgriphical dFcts of the study of bdins in the
r€gionofRivcr Ddube ovq its @ge in th€ USSR).- Kiyiv, NaukovaDumka:212p. (in
Russid)
Carpakian EcologicalClub ( Ruthenia,
PrcspectSwboQ 34/29
294018 Uzheorod
386
ll
c{don! ssnrl,sc.o.srt
ryrridopsisp@r G.w.Mul
c.riodaphni, porch.lr. ss
Table,Crustaceans
(Ostracoda,
CladoceraCop€poda)
ofbasinsin theresionofRiver Tisa
lin Ukrain€)
1r(r nolspecifred.
(mb, - nicrcbob€nlhos.
(pphD- periphytoi.
cp) - zooplankton,
Notes.
'": (1" - rcgionoflributary.
(!lD- smallrive6.
(lll) - springs.
(insl,)-inteBtitial.
brcoks,
dV, - plddlesandolherlempomry
basirs,(vD - lak. Sinevir.+*r: - (A' - nountain
(Br - lbothillrcaches
reaches
oflheTisa.egion.
of theTkaregion(figurcsl-7 in thelasl
serialnDmbeis
of the litenturelisli 8 - G.V.
two cololnnsreferto thecorespondins
Parch!k.
connunication).
Dersonal
38?
2
3
5
6
7
8
l0
t2
ll
2 l Chydorus
sph&icus(O.F.
22
2l
24
75
27
28
29 Dispelonr rottdta rcstnh
3 0 I lyGryFc erdidus(Li.vin,
l-.ydish hydisii (Scho.dlcr)
32 vtccro$rix latiomn (Jurire)
lt
'1
tl
'l
6,3
35
7
l 6 Pl€urormrdnc.rN o.F. Mul.
7
1
RhFchoblo.a
oslBt!
(Kch)
3 scaphol.b.ris nucronar. (O.F
Mu!.)
,9 Sidaclys1!llina
{O.F.Mul.)
40 TElo.cpnahmbisuo (Lill).)
3
1
I AcDr|odiapton$ d.nii.onis
t2
7
l.l
Acantioyclops amcriqnus
Tabl€conlinue
388
1
3
5
1 a I
l0
A. .. spitoe (Moncbciro)
7
A. vcmllis v.rn lis(Fiscn.r)
5t
52
5l
D bicnspidatusI od.ssn.
Eucyclops
nrcruroidcs(Lillj.)
53
1
59
50 vtac@yclopsalbdus (rurioe)
62 M.iocyclopsleuckM'(Claus)
3 \ Merlcyclops gEcilE (trllj )
'1
8
65
Tablecontinue
389
9
2
t2
l0
66 Pmyclopspopp.i (Rehb)
[email protected]
COPEPODAH.DNticod!
arctidampius Irccophilus
Ad.yelli
$a$
(C.O.Sats)
70
Bry( amp'u,minuNs(Chut
'11
7
7l B. spinulosus
v. Miderralis
B holradskyi
Bootky
'16
11 cdrhermpius sephylinus
390
u. popD<rpoPp.r {Mtur)
v8ur.nh
tsrdN
(MzlrJ
Tableconrinue
39t