monitoring the incidental mortality of

ACTIVITIES REPORT MARCH 2003 – MARCH 2004 – PROJETO BIOPESCA
MONITORING THE INCIDENTAL MORTALITY OF
CETACEANS IN THE ARTISANAL FISHERY OF SÃO PAULO
(BRAZIL) WITH EMPHASIS ON THE FRANCISCANA
(PONTOPORIA BLAINVILLEI).
Sponsored by:
Presented by:
Msc. Carolina Pacheco Bertozzi
Universidade Monte Serrat
Projeto BioPesca
MSc. Valeria Ruoppolo
Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
Universidade de São Paulo
Projeto BioPesca
MSc. Juliana Marigo
Aquário de Ubatuba
Projeto BioPesca
2
Praia Grande, SP, Brazil
March 2004
1. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND
Mortality in fishing gear is possibly the most important threat to the conservation
of marine vertebrate populations throughout the world (e.g. IWC, 1994). In Brazil,
marine mammals are legally protected and are of no commercial value. Still, several
species are incidentally captured in fishing activities (e.g. Pinedo, 1994; Siciliano, 1994;
Secchi et al., 1997; Zerbini and Kotas, 1998). Many are listed as ‘vulnerable’ or
‘endangered’ by national and international organizations such as the Brazilian
Environmental Agency (IBAMA), the US National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) and
the World Conservation Union (IUCN).
The NGO Projeto BioPesca has been developing research and environmental
education activities since 1998. Its main objective is the conservation of the marine
fauna, with emphasis on the incidental capture of cetaceans and marine turtles in the
artisanal fisheries on the São Paulo coast.
This report summarizes the studies conducted along the past 5 years, in three
main areas: Praia Grande, Mongaguá and Ubatuba.
2. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
This project represents the first long term monitoring of cetacean mortality in
fishing gear in São Paulo State. The survey started with one landing location (Praia
Grande - 6 fishing boats) (Bertozzi and Zerbini, 2002) and expanded to different fishing
communities in Praia Grande (Bertozzi et al., 2003) and other areas (Mongaguá e
Ubatuba), systematically monitoring a total of 20 boats utilizing artisanal fishing
practices.
Among the species incidentally captured by the monitored artisanal fleet is the
franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei), which is believed to be the most impacted cetacean
off the eastern coast of South America (e.g. Secchi et al., 1997), and is the only dolphin
species listed to be in danger of extinction in Brazil (IBAMA, 2003). São Paulo State is
part of the franciscana management area 2 (FMA2) (Secchi et al., 2001), which is the
less known among all franciscana management areas. Franciscanas’ by-catch has
been observed along the coast of Sao Paulo State (SP) since early 1960’s (Carvalho,
1961). Despite that, the characteristics and dynamics of the fishing fleet is poorly
known, mainly because the communities are spread along the coast, some in areas
with difficult access and therefore monitoring of those is of great importance for the
conservation of the species along its distribution.
3
3. OBJECTIVES
a)
Monitor the incidental mortality of marine mammals in the artisanal
fishery of Praia Grande and Mongaguá and strandings in Ubatuba;
b)
Characterize the fishing methods, and gear;
c)
Estimate franciscanas’ by-catch, season and areas of greater mortality;
calculate catch per unit of effort (CPUE) of incidentally captured species
and monitor its trends over time;
d)
Collect samples for biological studies;
e)
Conduct divulging and environmental education campaigns with
fishermen and the local community.
4. SAMPLING METHODS
a) Study area
• Central coast of São Paulo State
The fishing communities monitored are located in the cities of Praia Grande and
Mongaguá, in the central coast of São Paulo State (Figure 1). This area is also known
as “Baixada Santista”, and it is characterized by being highly urbanized, with highly
populated areas, such as the cities of São Vicente, Santos and Cubatão. The area is
also recognized by the most important Brazilian harbor, located in Santos, and by one
of the biggest iron and steel industry areas of the country, the Cubatão pole (CETESB,
1985).
The region of Baixada Santista is one of the most productive marine ecosystems
of the Brazilian coast. Despite the intense pollution, still is a zone of production and
growth of many species of commercial interest (Secretaria de Agricultura e
Abastecimento, 1989).
• Northern coast of São Paulo State
The municipality of Ubatuba (~22o 53’S, 45 o 08’W) (Figure 1) has a 100 km of
coast with 74 beaches. Differing from the central coast it does not have high
populational densities, fact that is closely related to the proximity of the coastline to
Serra do Mar, forming a narrow plain and limiting its occupation. The main activities in
the region are tourism and fisheries, being one of the most important fish producers for
the State.
4
(b)
(c)
(a)
(d)
Figure 1. Map: (a) São Paulo’s State coast; (b) Detail of Praia Grande’s region; (c)
Detail of Ubatuba’s region; (d) Detail of Mongaguá’s area.
5
b) Fisheries monitoring
The fisheries are monitored regularly through interviews with fishermen and onboard observations. Information about the fishery is obtained according to the
recommendations of the International Whaling Commission Scientific Committee (IWC,
1994 – Annex E). These include data on gear characteristics, effort, fishing operations,
and composition of target and not target species in the captures. Onboard observations
are carried out whenever possible.
The fishing community of Praia Grande and Mongaguá has been monitored
through interviews with local fishermen and on-board observers with the following main
goals:
1) Understanding the dynamics of the fishing fleet and collect data on the
fishing gear characteristics;
2) Monitoring cetaceans’ incidental catches;
3) Collecting biological data on both target and non-target species.
c) Data analysis
The total fishing effort data of each boat is added seasonally, annually and by
area of fishery for each kind of net, providing us information on the amount of nets
utilized by the artisanal fleet. The data is expressed by: km of net x hours of fishing.
To the incidental capture data analysis we used the relative abundance index
CPUE (capture per unit of effort). This index is calculated as a function of the size of
the net and the time it spends in the water by the total number of franciscanas net
caught x hours of fishing. Which, in this study is expressed by: number of individuals
captured x 1000/ net extension in km x hours of fishing.
The CPUE is calculated for each season, kind of net and fishing area. This
provides information on the season of higher relative abundance of the species in the
study area, higher impact net and higher abundance area for franciscanas,
respectively.
d) Animals
Live captured cetaceans are released from the nets, while dead animals are
landed for biological studies. They are measured and sampled according to Norris
(1961) and Geraci & Lounsbury (1993). Necropsies, sample collection, storage and
analyses are performed by a team of biologists and veterinarians in Faculdade de
Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, at the Universidade de São Paulo (Figure 2).
Samples are stored in the LAPCOM-Marine Mammal Tissue Bank (LAPCOM-MMTB)
6
(Ruoppolo et al., 2002). The goal of the biological specimen banking system is to
provide long-term storage of tissue samples, histological slides, pathogens and images
originated from the material for current and future studies. This biological samples are
already being used for a variety of studies including: age determination; reproduction;
food habits; contaminants; genetics; osteology; pathology; parasites; anatomy and
others (see Results).
Figure 2. Necropsy of different specimens of P. blainvillei incidentally caught by the
artisanal fishery in Praia Grande, SP, Brasil.
f) Environmental education and divulging work
It is important to carry out environmental education and divulging work on several
levels, ranging from the fishermen, their communities and the local population. One
important stage in conservation efforts is community involvement; therefore a number
of activities are being conduced:
1. Continued: destined to the fishing communities. Divulging work focus on
encouraging fishermen to interact with researchers by showing them the importance of
their cooperation to improve the conservation of protected species. Daily contact of
researchers and fishermen communities allows them to learn and participate effectively
on the study, transforming their participation as co-executers. Newspapers, magazines,
pictures and other project results are constantly presented to the fishermen to stimulate
discussions about the subject and increase their knowledge and awareness about the
information they provide.
2. Exhibitions: destined to the general public. Environmental education
campaigns bring to the general public's attention the natural world and its problems,
aiming to develop values and feelings of concern for nature and the motivation for
people's participation in environmental improvement and protection. Aiming to reach a
larger number of people, exhibitions were set at areas of public interest, displaying
7
pictures, franciscanas’ assembled skeletons, educational posters presenting the goals
and results obtained by the project, talks about marine mammals and a small play for
children, all about the importance of preserving the marine environment and its
species.
3. Talks: destined to students in schools and universities. Performed by Projeto
BioPesca researchers aiming to introduce the project and its results, as well as to bring
awareness about conservation of the marine environment.
4. Media reports: during its work Projeto BioPesca was subject of many media
reports on newspapers and TV showing the results of our work to the knowledge of a
higher number of people.
5. Webpage: in January 2004 Projeto BioPesca’s webpage was published:
www.biopesca.oceanografia.org. It contains information on the research developed and
educational texts on the threats for the marine environment.
5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
a)
Monitoring of artisanal fishery of Praia Grande, SP, Brazil
The Fisheries
27 fishermen compose the fishing community of Praia Grande. They operate 11
small fishing boats (4.2 to 7.8m long) equipped with outboard engines (18-40Hp) and 2
‘Tamancas’ propelled by paddles by one of the fishermen (Figure 3). Five different
types of gillnets and one beach seine net are used. The gillnets are either set in the
bottom or left adrift for periods ranging from 1 to 22 hours. The fleet operates in coastal
waters (depths of up to 20m) from Praia Grande to Mongaguá and Moela Island –
Guarujá.
8
Figure 3. “Tamanca” paddle propelled boat, Praia Grande, SP, Brasil.
Franciscana by-catch
The relative small size of the fleet operating in the area allowed all fishing boats
to be monitored. Therefore the number of franciscana catches recorded in this study is
considered absolute for the area and period the fishery was monitored.
From August 1998 to June 2003 the local fishing community accidentally took a
total of 51 franciscanas (Figura 4). Three franciscanas were captured in a beach seine
net in November 1998 and were released alive. Such events are uncommon and were
only observed once. Most animals are found dead.
A total of 24 dolphins were landed by the fishermen, been 16 females (length =
69-122cm) and 8 males (length=71-134cm). Females were mostly immature, while the
proportion of juvenile and mature males was equal.
Figure 4. Franciscanas’ by-catch in artisanal nets, Praia Grande, SP, Brasil.
9
CPUE Analysis
Catch per unit of effort (CPUE) analysis was performed for a period of four years,
during which 43 franciscanas were incidentally captured. The CPUE analysis suggests
that a greater mortality occur near Moela Island, in depths of up to 10m and may
indicate that abundance is higher in this location. Captures occurs throughout the year
and in all seasons but CPUE is higher in the fall and indicate that franciscanas are
more vulnerable to net types ‘boeira’ and ‘fundo grossa’.
Up to 10m
20
0.20
15
0.15
CPUE
CPUE
Moela Island
10
0.10
0.05
5
0
0.00
Winter
Pescada
Malhão
Spring
Summer
Fundo Grossa
Boeira
Fall
Winter
Feiticeira
(a)
Pescada
Malhão
Spring
Fundo Grossa
Summer
Fall
Boeira
Feiticeira
(b)
10-20m
0.20
CPUE
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
Winter
Pescada
Malhão
Spring
Summer
Fundo Grossa
Boeira
Fall
Feiticeira
(c)
Figure 5. CPUE: (a) Moela Island; (b) Up to 10m and (c) 10-20m
Conclusion
The annual mortality of franciscanas in Praia Grande seems to be low. However,
Praia Grande is a small fishing community and there are several small communities
similar to this one distributed along the coast of SP. It is possible that the mortality
numbers may become important when summed for the different locations on the whole
state. It is necessary to expand the systematical monitoring to other fishing
communities to be able to evaluate the damage on the FMA2’s population.
10
b)
Monitoring the artisanal fishery in Mongaguá, SP, Brasil
The Fishery
The fishing activities in the municipality of Mongaguá are very similar when
compared to Praia Grande’s fleet. Both communities use gillnets, small fishing boats
equipped with outboard engines and also have other boats that don’t present any kind
of mechanization or equipment on board. Due to the limited autonomy of the fleet the
fisheries are restricted within the 20m isobath.
The fleet monitored in Mongaguá was composed by 2 wooden boats (Figure 6)
with 7,6m length and powered by a 9 and 13 Hp centered motor. The nets utilized by
these boats were gillnets. Thee mesh size used ranged between 7 to 30 cm and the
time the nets were left in the water ranged from 2 to 24 hours.
Figure 6. The fishing fleet monitored in Mongaguá, SP, Brasil.
Franciscana’s by-catch
During the period the by-catch of 4 franciscanas was recorded. Two were landed,
necropsied and sampled. The nets involved were bottom nets (mesh 7cm) and surface
nets (mesh 10cm). The area was below the 10m isobath.
The stranding of a live calf was also recorded in Mongaguá. The animal was
rescued but died soon after (Figure 7).
11
Figure 7. Live stranded franciscana’s calf.
Conclusion
Besides the small number of fishing boats monitored the incidental catch of
franciscanas’ was confirmed in the area by artisanal fishermen.
These results suggest that the number of animals caught may be substantial
along this municipality due to the fact that similar boats are found in the area.
c) Monitoring strandings in Ubatuba, SP, Brazil
In December 1996 the institution “Aquário de Ubatuba” started monitoring
strandings. In July 1997 “Project Delphinus” was created and also monitored until May
1998. During this period 15 strandings were recorded. Sotalia fluviatilis was the most
common species recorded (73,3%, 11/15). Two Pontoporia blainvillei, one Delphinidae
and one Balenopteridae were also recorded. Thirteen strandings (87%, 13/15) were
recorded during summer months, when the number of people frequenting the area is
larger and increases observation efforts (Higa et al., 1998).
Since then “Aquário de Ubatuba” has been responding to local calls for live and
dead marine mammals. In 2002, Projeto BioPesca started getting more involved,
helping with the rehabilitation of a franciscana calf and in 2003 one of our researchers
has moved to Ubatuba to collect more data in collaboration with this institution.
Between July 2000 and March 2004, 25 records of marine mammals occurred.
Pontoporia blainvillei and Sotalia fluviatilis were the most common species (28%, 7/25
and 24%, 6/25 respectively) (Figure 8).
12
(a)
(b)
Figure 8. Strandings: (a) stranded franciscana; (b) researcher collecting data.
d) Environmental education and divulging work
As described in methods, the divulging work was conducted in different ways:
constant contact with the fishermen communities and exhibitions in public locations.
1. Continued: The educational work with the fishery communities was performed
by the researchers during frequent interviews. Copies of the research permits were
handed to the fishermen encouraging them to collaborate with information and
specimens without the fear of been punished by law enforcement. Information about
the project and marine animals were constantly presented to them aiming to bring
information of their interest. In addition, posters are being fixed at the landing spots to
inform locals about the project goals and conservation efforts.
2. Exhibitions: Environmental educational campaigns to inform the general public
about the project:
2.1 Universidade Monte Serrat, Santos, SP, Brazil: consisted of a big exhibition
showing educational posters, research results and information on the main species
captured by the fishery communities (franciscanas and sea turtles). Graduation
students from the Oceanography faculty were trained to act as monitors during the
exhibition. The exhibition lasted for (January 27th to February 2nd 2003?) and was
visited by more than 1458 people, who are the ones who signed the guest book (see
pictures sent by mail). The exhibition was published by local newspapers.
13
2.2. “Shopping Boqueirão”. In February 2004 the Projeto BioPesca exhibition II
was set at Shopping Center Boqueirão (a shopping center located at Praia Grande’s
main street). This year’s exhibition had educational posters presenting the results
obtained and information on the main species captured by the fishery communities
(franciscanas and sea turtles); picture panels, franciscanas’ assembled skeletons and
a formalin fixed fetus; other marine species, fishing gear, natural sized franciscanas
and marine turtles made of wood, and a magnifier for observation of zooplankton
(Figure 9). To make the exhibition more dynamic there were daily talks about marine
animals, a play for children and an origami workshop.
(a)
(
b)
(c)
(d)
Figure 9. II Projeto BioPesca Exhibition: (a) & (b) general view of the exhibition; (c)
supervisor showing biological material to the public; (d) detail of the wooden built
models of franciscana.
14
The puppets play was entitled “The deep sea” and lasted 15 minutes, played
several times a day. It presented the incidental capture threat and the importance of
the pollution of the beaches in a ludic way (Figure 10). Videos were exhibit during all
day and a children area was set where kids could paint marine animal pictures.
Members of the project were available for questions and mini lectures (Figure 11).
(a)
(b)
(c)
Figure 10. Puppets play “The deep sea”: (a) scenary; (b) presentation; (c) BioPesca’s
actors.
T-shirts were given to the fishermen at the exhibition encouraging them to attend
and learn more about the project, the animals and their importance. The exhibition
lasted for a week (February 2 –8, 2004) and was visited by at least 1458 people, which
are the ones who signed the guest book (see pictures sent by mail). The exhibition was
divulged by local newspapers, radio and TV (see newspapers sent by mail).
15
(a)
(b)
Figure 11. Supervisors in action: (a) monitored visit to the exhibition; (b) daily talks on
marine mammals were given.
3. Talks: Researchers from the project have been invited to give talks in different
schools, high schools, universities and other events related to the marine environment,
for example: Universidade Santa Cecília, Santos, SP; CEESMAG, Praia Grande, SP
and Aquário de Ubatuba, Ubatuba, SP.
6. FUTURE :
It is necessary to continue our divulging work with this and other fishing
communities in order to clear the importance of their participation, becoming more
involved and participating of the research team, rather than just being simple
‘collectors’.
The success of management and conservation actions of species threatened by
by-catch depends on how well the biology of the species, the structure of the fisheries
and its interaction is known.
Therefore, the continuity and expansion of this monitoring study is extremely
important for the evaluation of the impact of fisheries on franciscana’s population in
São Paulo State and to propose appropriated actions of management for its
conservation.
16
6. PAPERS PRESENTED BY PROJETO BIOPESCA :
a) Publications in Scientific Journals:
Bertozzi, C. P. and Zerbini, A.N. 2002. Incidental mortality of franciscana,
Pontoporia blainvillei, in the artisanal fishery of Praia Grande, São Paulo State, Brazil.
Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals 1(1): 153-160.
Danilewicz, D.; Rosas, F.; Bastida, R.; Marigo, J.; Muelbert, M.; Rodriguez, D.;
Lailson-Brito Jr., J.; Ruoppolo, V.; Ramos, R.; Bassoi, M.; Ott, P.H.; Caon, G.; Rocha,
A.M.; Catao-Dias, J.L. and Secchi, E.R. 2002. Report of the Working Group on Biology
and Ecology (Report of the Fourth Workshop for the Coordinated Research and
Conservation of the Franciscana. Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals 1 (1):2542.
Marigo, J., Rosas, F.C.W., Andrade, A.L.V., Oliveira, M.R., Dias, R.A. and
Catão-Dias, J.L. 2002. Parasites of Pontoporia blainvillei from São Paulo and Paraná
States, Brazil. Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals 1 (1):115-122.
Ott, P. H.; Secchi, E. R.; Moreno, I. B.; Danilewicz, D.; Crespo, E. A.; Bordino, P.;
Ramos, R.; Di Beneditto, A.P.; Bertozzi, C. P.; Bastida, R.; Zanelatto, R.; Perez, J. E.
& Kinas, P. G. 2002. Report of the working group on fishery interactions.
Latin
American Journal of Aquatic Mammals 1(1): 55-64.
Ramos, R. M. A.; Di Beneditto, A. P. M.; Siciliano S.; Santos, M. C. de Oliveira;
Zerbini, A. N.; Bertozzi, C. P.; Vicente, A. F. de Castro; Zampirolli, E.; Alvarenga, F. S.
& Lima, N. R. W. 2002. Morphology of the franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei) off
southeastern Brazil: sexual dimorphism, growth and geographic variation. Latin
American Journal of Aquatic Mammals 1(1): 129-144.
Rosas, F.C.W.; Monteiro-Filho, E.L.A.; Marigo, J.; Santos, R.A.; Andrade, A.L.V.;
Rautenberg, M.; Oliveira, M.R. and Bordignon, M. O. 2002. The striped dolphin,
Stenella coeruleoalba (Cetacea:Delphinidae), on the coast of São Paulo State,
southeastern Brazil. Aquatic Mammals 28(1): 60-66.
Secchi, E.R.; Danilewicz, D.; Ott, P.H.; Ramos, R.; Lazaro, M.; Marigo, J. and
Wang, J.Y. 2002. Report of the Working Group on Stock Identity (Report of the Fourth
Workshop for the Coordinated Research and Conservation of the Franciscana). Latin
American Journal of Aquatic Mammals 1 (1): 47-54.
b) Abstracts presented at national and international conferences:
Bertozzi, C. P.; Barbosa, E.; Marigo, J.; Ruoppolo, V.; Zerbini, A.N.: Incidental
captures of franciscana, Pontoporia blainvillei, in the artisanal fishery of Praia Grande,
17
Southeastern Brazil. Proceedings 15th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine
Mammals. Greensboro, Noth Carolina, USA – 15-19 December 2003.
Marigo, J.; Catão-Dias, J.L. Comparative pathology of the main parasitic
diseases of marine mammals found in the south and southeastern coasts of Brazil.
Abstracts 15th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals, 14-19
December 2003.
Bastos, L., B.; Marigo, J. Occurrence of pulmonary nematodes in cetaceans
stranded along the coast of Bahia state, Brazil. Abstracts 15th Biennial Conference on
the Biology of Marine Mammals, 14-19 December 2003.
Bertozzi, C. P.; Katsuragawa, M. Análise preliminar da pesca artesanal na região
da Praia Grande (SP), no período 1999-2001. Simpósio Brasileiro de Oceanografia.
Instituto Oceanográfico USP - IOUSP, 26 - 30 August 2002.
Bertozzi, C. P. Zerbini A. N.; Katsuragawa, M. Capturas acidentais de tartarugas
marinhas pela frota pesqueira artesanal da Praia Grande (SP). Simpósio Brasileiro de
Oceanografia. Instituto Oceanográfico USP - IOUSP, 26 - 30 August 2002.
Bertozzi, C. P.; Zerbini A. N. Capturas acidentais de franciscana, Pontoporia
blainvillei
(CETACEA:
PONTOPORIDAE),
e
avistagens
de
cetáceos
em
monitoramentos da pesca artesanal da Praia Grande, São Paulo. In: Resumos do 6º
Simpósio de Biologia da Unisanta, 2001, Santos, Brasil. p43.
Bertozzi, C. P.; Zerbini A. N. Capturas acidentais de franciscana, Pontoporia
blainvillei, na pesca artesanal de Praia Grande, São Paulo, Brasil. In: Resumos da 90
Reunión de Trabajo de Especialistas en Mamíferos Acuáticos de América del Sur.
2000, Buenos Aires, Argentina. p14.
Bertozzi, C. P.; Namora R.; Gadig, O. B. Elasmobrânquios capturados pela
pesca artesanal de Praia Grande, SP. In: Resumos 20 SBEEL, 2000, Santos, Brasil.
p39.
Marigo, J.; Rosas, F.C.W.; Andrade, A.L.V.; Oliveira, M.R.; Bertozzi, C.P.;
Ruoppolo, V.; Dias, R.A.; Catão-Dias, J.L. (2002) Parasites of franciscana dolphins
(Pontoporia blainvillei) from São Paulo and Paraná States, Brazil. Proceedings of the
Annual Meeting of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, p. 424-425.
Wisconsin, U.S.A.
Marigo, J.; Rosas, F.C.W.; Andrade, A.L.V.; Oliveira, M.R.; Bertozzi, C.P.;
Ruoppolo, V.; Dias, R.A.; Catão-Dias, J.L. (2002) Parasites of franciscana dolphins
(Pontoporia blainvillei) from São Paulo and Paraná States. XIII Semana Científica do
Departamento de Patologia (FMVZ - USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
Ruoppolo, V.; Marigo, J. e Catão-Dias, J.L. (2002) Creating a marine mammal
tissue bank in Brazil. Proceedings of the 10ma Reunión de Trabajos de Especialistas en
18
Mamíferos Acuáticos de América del Sur e 4o Congreso de La Sociedad
Latinoamericana de Especialistas en Mamíferos Acuáticos, p.113, Valdivia, Chile.
Ruoppolo, V.; Marigo, J.; Catão-Dias, J. L. (2002) Pathological anatomy and
parasitology of Atlantic spotted dolphins, Stenella frontalis, incidentally captured in
fishing net in São Paulo. Proceedings of the 6th Congress and 11th Meeting of the
Brazilian Association of Wildlife Veterinarians (VI ABRAVAS), p. 71. Guarapari, Espírito
Santo, Brazil.
Souza, S. P.; De Sanctis, B.; Ruoppolo, V.; Catão-Dias, J. L. (2002) Occurrence
of the dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) in the northern coast of the State of São Paulo.
Proceedings of the 10ma Reunión de Trabajo de Especialistas en Mamíferos Marinos
de América del Sur, p. 116. Valdívia, Chile.
c) Master’s dissertations defended:
Bertozzi, C. P. 2002. Analysis of the artisanal fisheries at Praia Grande, São
Paulo, Brazil between 1999-2001. Master thesis presented at the Oceanographic
Institute, Universidade de São Paulo.
Ruoppolo, V. 2003. Comparative pathology of cetaceans and pinnipeds. Master
thesis presented to the School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo.
Marigo, J. 2003. Comparative pathology of the main parasitic diseases of marine
mammals found in the south and southeastern coasts of Brazil. Master thesis
presented to the School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo
d) In collaboration with Projeto BioPesca (provided samples):
Yogui, G. 2001. Occurence of organochlorine compounds (Pesticides and PCBs)
in marine mammals of the São Paulo coast (Brasil) and the King George Island
(Antarctica). Master thesis presented at the Oceanographic Institute, Universidade de
São Paulo.
Higa, A.; Hingst-Zaher, E. and de Vivo, M. 2002. Size and shape variability in the
skull of Pontoporia blainvillei (Cetacea: Pontoporiidae) from the Brazilian Coast. Latin
American Journal of Aquatic Mammals 1(1): 145-152.
19
7. BUDGET
Table 1 – Budget from the past research proposal.
RECEIVED IN JUNE 11TH 2003 = US$ 1765,83
DIVULGATION MATERIAL
Amount Item
asked
500
Folders
100
T-shirts
SUPPLIES
Amount
asked
15
30
3
5
4
30
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Item
Disposable photographic cameras
Packages of ice
Printer cartridge (B&W and color)
Package of printer paper
Package of plastic bag (100 units)
Research permit copies
Freezer
Film (36 pictures)
Recordable CD
Disposable gloves
Metric tape
Telephone line filter
CD box
TRAVEL EXPENSES
Amount
Item
asked
1400
Liters of fuel
45
Freeway toll coupons
FILM PROCESSING
Amount
Item
asked
30
Film processing
Amount
used
2000
145
Amount
used
0
29
2
1
0
30
1
3
10
12
2
1
1
Amount
used
931
10
Amount
used
7
Unit price
(US$)
0.13
2.33/1.66/1.8
3
Extension
(US$)
253.33
300.77
Sub total
554.10
Unit price
(US$)
0
1.26/2.00
20.3/20.6
4.77
0
0.5
263.33
4.63
0.63
0.66
0.33
3.30
4.13
Extension
(US$)
0
42,85
40.93
4.77
0
15.22
263.33
13,90
6.30
7.96
0.66
3.30
4.13
Sub total
403.35
Unit price
(US$)
0.67
3.2/3.93
Extension
(US$)
608.33
143.90
Sub total
752.23
Unit price
(US$)
7.16
Extension
(US$)
50.3
Sub total
50.3
Sub total
6.69
BANK TAXES
20
US$
1766.67
TOTAL AMOUNT SPENT
* Original receipts follow by mail
8. RENEWAL PROPOSAL
Table 2 presents the budget necessary to keep working with the fishing
communities in São Paulo between March 2004- March 2005.
SUPPLIES
Quantity
30
100
4
2
8
4
50
20
1
Item
Packages of ice
T-shirts
Printer cartridge (B&W)
Printer cartridge (color)
Package of printer paper
Package of plastic bags (100 units)
Research permit copies
Disposable gloves
Digital camera
TRAVEL EXPENSES
Quantity
Item
1100
Liters of fuel
45
Freeway toll coupons
Unit price (US$)
1,43
2,33
32,95
35,24
4,30
2,87
0,57
0.70
500,00
Extension (US$)
42,98
233,00
131,80
70,48
34,4
11,46
28,50
14.00
500,00
Sub total
1066,62
Unit price (US$)
0,74
4,20
Extension (US$)
814,00
189,00
Sub total
1003,00
TOTAL AMOUNT
US$ 2069,62
9. TIME SCHEDULE
Table 3 – Time schedule for the future research proposal.
2004
Month
Apr May Ju Jul Aug Sep Oct
n
Data collection
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Public
campaigns
Data Analysis
Report
Nov
Dec
X
X
Ja
n
X
X
X
2005
Fe Mar
b
X
X
X
X
X
21
10. ANNEXES FOLLOWING BY MAIL
10.1 Abstracts presented at the 15th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine
Mammals. Greensboro, Noth Carolina, USA – 15-19 December 2003;
10.2 The NGO’s Register at the Cadastro Nacional de Entidades Ambientalistas
(CNEA);
10.3 Invitation letter for BioPesca’s participation at the III Encontro Nacional de
Pesquisadores de Mamíferos Aquáticos (III ENCOPEMAQ – III National Meeting of
Aquatic Mammal Researchers), in Bahia, April 2004. BioPesca has participated in
different round tables to discuss the by-catch problematic, biological sample
collection and aquatic mammals in captivity;
10.4 Gratitude letter from Universidade Monte Serrat to Projeto BioPesca for providing
a one year exhibition at the Oceanographic Institute. Information posters on bycatch and scientific information were available for the visitors;
10.5 Press releases.
22
11. PROJECT COORDINATOR AND STAFF
MSc. Carolina P. Bertozzi (Biologist, coordinator)
Projeto BioPesca / Universidade Monte Serrat, Santos, SP
Address for correspondence:
Rua Paraguai, 241
Guilhermina - Praia Grande, SP
11702-070 Brazil
phone: (13) 3473.5414, (13) 9706.7831
email: [email protected]
MSc. Valeria Ruoppolo (Veterinarian)
Projeto BioPesca / Departamento de Patologia
Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo
Address for correspondence:
Av. Benedito Ferreira Silva, 472
04786-000 São Paulo - SP, Brazil
email: [email protected]
MSc. Juliana Marigo (Veterinarian)
Projeto BioPesca / Aquário de Ubatuba
Address for correspondence:
R. Dr. Gabriel dos Santos, 420 ap. 42
01231-010 São Paulo - SP, Brazil
email: [email protected]
Juliana Viotto (Biologist)
Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas
Universidade de São Paulo
email: [email protected]
Janaina Ribeiro (Biologist)
Projeto BioPesca, Praia Grande, SP
email: [email protected]
23
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de espinhel de superfície na ZEE Brasileira e em águas internacionais. Semana
Nacional de Oceanografia, 11, Rio Grande, RS, 18-24 Outubro 1998, p 579581.Bertozzi, C. P. and Zerbini, A.N. 2000. Capturas acidentais de franciscana,
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