Traditional Architecture in Syria: a Mediterranean dwelling

CORPUS Levant presents you:
:ºµd Ωó≤j ¿Éaƒd ¢SƒHQƒc
Traditional
Architecture
in Syria: a
Mediterranean
Dwelling
IQɪ©dG
ájó«∏≤àdG
:ájQƒ°S »a
øµ°ùdG
»£`q °SƒàªdG
An account of the ties men and
women sustain with their home,
a very particular kind of dwelling
we call traditional: the homes of
our forefathers. Though old, this
architectural heritage is alive and
enduring in modern Syria.
∫ɢLô˘dG §˘Hô˘J »˘à˘dG á˘bÓ˘©˘dG ø˘«˘Ñ˘j ƒ˘˘g
¢UÉîdG êÉàædG Gòg ,º¡æµ°ùH AÉ°ùædGh
,á˘j󢫢∏˘≤˘J IQɢª˘Y Ωƒ˘«˘dG ¬˘«˘ª˘°ùf …ò˘dG
kÉ«M ≈≤Ñj ƒgh ,OGóLC’Gh AÉHB’G øµ°ùe
.¬eób ºZQ IÉ«ëdÉH ¢†Ñæj Gk Oóéàe
With the support of:
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
MEDA-EUROMED HERITAGE
:™e ¿hÉ©àdÉH
á«HhQhC’G áYƒªéªdG
»aÉ≤ãdG çGôà∏d ó«ehQhCG - Gó«e
Aleppo
Izra’a
Ö∏M
Izra’a
´QREG
´QREG
Ksibei
áÑ«°ùc
Aleppo
A place to rest
Ö∏M
...¿Éµe áMGô∏dh
In spite of the years, this house still offers good shelter. How
ɪa ,¥ó°üf ’ Oɵf ?øeõdG äGô«KCÉJ øe âfÉY »àdG 䃫ÑdG »g √òg πg
many times have you sat outside the door watching the hours of
á˘æ˘«˘fCɢª˘£˘dG ɢæ˘ë˘æ˘e ɢª˘dɢW …ò˘dG ¬˘°ùØ˘f º˘«˘ª˘˘ë˘˘dG ¿É˘˘µ˘˘ª˘˘dG âdGR
the day flow by?
≈dEG â°üæJ É¡«∏Y â°ù∏L »àdG áÑà©dG √òg ôcòJ âdR ÉeCG .á櫵°ùdGh
.øeõdG äGó¡æJ
á°û«©ª∏d
Izra’a
´QREG
A playground
Tiara
GQÉ«J
Palmyra
ôeóJ
Tiara
GQÉ«J
Palmyra
ôeóJ
Tartous
¢SƒWôW
Oronte
»°UÉ©dG
OGhQCG IôjõL
Arwad Island
...¿Éµe Ö©∏dh
Listening from the main room, how often have you heard children
¿ƒÑ©∏j ºgh »ëdG ∫ÉØWCG äGƒ°UCG ∂©eÉ°ùe ≈dEG ≈gÉæJ Iôe øe ºc
skipping and playing in the alleyways? They have always lived wrapped
º˘¡˘Mô˘e ø˘°†à˘ë˘à˘d á˘fƒ˘æ˘ë˘dG á˘bRC’G ¿GQó˘L º˘¡˘H §˘«˘ë˘J ¿hõ˘Ø˘≤˘jh
by these surrounding walls, where life passes, sweet and peaceful.
.º¡JOÉ©°Sh
á°ü°üfl
Aleppo
Damascus
Ö∏M
Homs
¢üªM
Aleppo
≥°ûeO
Homs
¢üªM
Damascus
A place for daily shopping
Ö∏M
≥°ûeO
...¿Éµe ¥ƒ°ùà∏dh
Years go by without our realising; we walk through life caught up
IÉ«ëdG ≈∏Y π≤ãJ áHÉJôdÉa ,∑Qóf ¿CG ¿hO øe ôªJ äGƒæ°ùdG »g Ég
in our daily routine. We must provide for our families: “we need
܃K AGô°T ÖLGƒdG øe ,á∏FÉ©dG á°û«©e ø«eCÉJ ÖLGƒdG øe .á«eƒ«dG
a new dress for the little one, we also need this… and that...” Not
π«îJ ™«£à°ùf ’ ÉæfEG ,¿hôJCG.....,ÖLGƒdG øe ,ÖLGƒdG øe ,Iô«¨°ü∏d
a single morning goes by without our paying a visit to the Souk to
.¥ƒ°ùdG IQÉjR ¿hO øe QÉ¡f
run our errands.
äÉZGôa
´QREG
Izra’a
Damascus
IRƒdO
Dallozeh
≥°ûeO
Mashqita
A place for work
Éà«≤°ûe
Oó°U
Sadad
...¿Éµe πª©∏dh
We come across walls that have withstood the ages through the
IOGQEG ɢ¡˘à˘YQ ...ø˘eõ˘dG äɢjOɢY âehɢb ¿GQó˘L ≈˘˘∏˘˘Y ɢ˘æ˘˘Jô˘˘cGP π˘˘é˘˘°ùf
efforts and fortitude of our grandparents and great-grandparents.
»àdG É¡°ùØf øcÉ°ùªdG »g âdGR ÉeCG iôoJ .ÉfOGóLCGh ÉæFÉHBG äÉYGóHEGh
Perhaps are these walls still our homes today? Such are the
áaÉédG ≥WÉæªdG ±GôWCG ≈∏Y äCÉ°ûf »àdG øcÉ°ùªdG ∂∏J ?É¡«a Éæ°ûY
houses of the Medina: buildings surrounded by dry, harsh and
.á∏MÉ≤dG
inhospitable fields.
ôeóJ
Palmyra
Izra’a
´QREG
Rihan
¿ÉëjQ
Tiara
A place for gathering
GQÉ«J
Ksibei
áÑ«°ùc
...¿Éµe ´ÉªàLÓd
Remember the place where your father used to gather with his
πg ?¬FÉbó°UCG ™e ¬«a ™ªàéj ∑ódGh ¿Éc …òdG ™°VƒªdG ôcòJ πg
friends, where you first met your own, where you used to spend
äóàYG …òdG øcôdG ,∑AÉbó°UCG ¬«a ∂°ùØf âfCG â∏HÉb …òdG øcôdG ôcòJ
your summer nights, and these old walls with fading colours will
ɢ¡˘fGƒ˘dCɢH á˘eô˘¡˘dG ¿GQó˘é˘dG √ò˘gh ?∞˘«˘°üdG »˘dɢ«˘d ¬˘˘«˘˘a »˘˘°†ª˘˘J ¿CG
surely come alive in your memories.
?á≤dCÉàe á«M ∂JôcGP OÉeQ øe ≥ãÑæJ »gh á«°TÓàªdG
ÉæKGôJ øe
In Bosra
iô°üH
My name is Jozeph and my father is the owner of this house, our
òæe Éæà∏FÉY …hCÉj …òdG QGódG √ò¡d ∂dÉe …ódGh ,¿Gójƒ°S ∞jRƒL »ª°SG
family has lived here for many generations. It was built over the
≈dEG Oƒ©j ¿ƒaóe ∫õæe ≈∏Y øµ°ùªdG Gòg »æH ó≤d .IOó©àe ∫É«LCG
vestiges of a now buried Roman house: to enter the court, you walk
∫õæªdG øe »∏°UG º°ùb RÉ«àLÉH AÉæØdG ≈dEG π°üf ,»fÉehôdG ô°ü©dG
through some original parts dug in the rock wall that we have
AGƒjEG πLCG ø˘e á˘jÉ˘æ˘©˘H ¬˘ª˘«˘¶˘æ˘à˘H É˘æ˘ª˘b ó˘≤˘d ,ô˘î˘°üdG »˘a Qƒ˘Ø˘ë˘e
converted into a shelter for animals and a stock area for fodder. All
óLGƒàj å«M ,AÉæØdÉH QGódG ±ôZ πc §«ëJ .∞∏©dG øjõîàdh äÉfGƒ«ëdG
the rooms of the house revolve around the court, in the middle of
,Ωƒj ó©H kÉeƒj AɪdÉH ÉfójhõàH ôªà°ùj …òdGh ÉæaÓ°SCG ó¡Y ≈dEG Oƒ©j ôÄH
which you shall fall upon an ancestral well that has supplied the
.¿ôb ó©H kÉfôbh
family with water day after day, for centuries and centuries.
AõL kÉ≤M É¡
In Aleppo
What do you think of my hotel? I'm the manager: the orthodox
Ö∏M »a
Ö∏M »a á«°ùcPƒKQC’G á°ù«æµdG ∂∏àªJ ?√ôjOCG …òdG ¥óæØdÉH ºµjCGQ Ée
Greek church of Alep owns Beit Wakil, of which I am the tenant. I
º«eôàdG ∫ɪYCÉH »°ùØæH äô°TÉH ó≤d .…QhóH √ôLCÉà°SCG …òdGh π«ch â«H
started the restoration work myself, to make the hotel as appealing
»∏°UC’G QƒµjódG ¿EG .¿ÉµeE’G Qób øFÉHõ∏d kÉëjôeh kÉHGòL ≈æѪdG π©éd
and comfortable as possible for customers. The original wooden
.ø«dôH ∞ëàe »a ¢Vhô©e ≈æѪdG Gòg ±ôZ ióMEG äÉ«Ñ°ûîd
decoration of one of the rooms of this building is so outstanding
it is now exhibited in a Berlin museum!
¡``fEG ,É¡«a ¢û
In Tiara
GQÉ«J »a
I have always been proud to see our village as very unique in our
øe »≤H πg iôJ .ÉgOôØJh Égõ«ªàHh ,»àjô≤H ôîØdÉH â°ù°ùMCG ɪdÉ£d
area. What a pity there are so few people who can still build earth
∂ÄdhCG ,ºcƒLQCG Gƒ∏°†ØJ ?ÜÉÑ≤dG √òg πãe »æÑj ¿CG ™«£à°ùj Qɪ©e
cupolas. Please, won’t you come in? May I introduce you to my
Ghô©°ûJ ¿CG ºµæµªj ,πNGódG »a Éægh ,IóédG ™e áKÓãdG »FÉæHCG ºg
three children and their grandmother? Inside here, it is always nice
.∞«°üdG »a ¢û©æeh ,AÉà°ûdG »a ∞«£d ƒ¡a ,kɪFGO áMGôdÉH
and warm in winter and cool in summer.
û`«YCG »àdG …Q
In the surroundings of Palmyra
I hardly believe our house is of any interest to you, but please, you
ôeóJ §«ëe »a
á∏FÉY øëf .ΩGôµdG »aƒ«°V Éj ºµeɪàgG ô«ãJ ób …QGO ¿CG ¥ó°UCG OÉcCG ’
are most welcome. We are a large family and need a rather big
AGQh kÉ«©°S π«Mô∏d ô£°†æ°S .ÉæÑ°SÉæJ Iô«Ñc ᪫N ≈dEG êÉàëfh Iô«Ñc
tent for us all. We would like to move on to find greener pastures...
ºLÉ¡J ¿CG ∞°SDƒªdG ɪd ¬fEG ...πLCG ,πLCG ...IQÉ°†fh Iô°†N ôãcCG »YGôe
yes; it is quite a pity wolves so often attack our cattle.
.ºFGO πµ°ûH ÉæfÉ©£b ÜÉFòdG
GO ¤EG Ghô¶fG
In Serqilla
á«°ùæªdG ¿óªdG
ºµd Ωó≤f πg .kÉLRÉW ∫GR Ée õYɪdG Ö«∏M .ÉfQGO ºàaô°T ,Gƒ∏°†ØJ
Please, won’t you come in? We has just finished milking the goats;
øe êQÉN ¬fCÉch ∂d hóÑj πg .Éædõ`æe ƒg Gògh ,…O’hCG ºg Ég ?…É°ûdG
would you care for some tea? We have a son and two daughters.
¿CG ÉfhôÑNCGh ø«æ°S ™°†H òæe ø««°UÉ°üàN’G ¢†©H ÉfQGR ó≤d ?ïjQÉàdG
And this house, you may ask? Yes, it does seem quite old, doesn’t
.ΩÉjC’G øe Ωƒj »a ¬d kÉæµ°ùe √òîJG ¿ƒµj ób kÉ«fÉehQ kɪcÉM
it? A few years ago, specialists paid us a visit and alleged a Roman
governor had maybe lived here at one stage.
Sfireh
IÒØ°ùdG
Tradition is culture
Damascus
≥°ûeO
çGôJ ó«dÉ≤àdG
Indeed, heritage symbolises culture. Monuments are not its only
,IQɢ°†ë˘dG ɢgó˘Mh â°ù«˘d ó˘HGhC’Gh ,IQɢ°†ë˘∏˘d 󢫢°ù颢J ƒ˘˘g çGô˘˘à˘˘dG
form: traditional architecture is also one of the gems of our country.
,ÉæJQÉ°†M ó≤Y »a á°ù«Øf IQóc ÉgQhóH º¶àæJ ájó«∏≤àdG IQɪ©dÉa
Every dwelling can represent and constitute Syrian heritage.
.ájQƒ°ùdG IQÉ°†ëdG øe kGAôL ¿ƒµj ¿CG øµªj øµ°ùe πch
Aleppo
Ö∏M
Aleppo
Ö∏M
Damascus
Ö∏M
Damascus
≥°ûeO
Aleppo
Damascus
≥°ûeO
Aleppo
Urban house with a court
≥°ûeO
ájhɪ°ùdG áë°ùØdG hP »fóªdG øµ°ùªdG
From the street, perhaps the least noticeable house, the most mysterious
øëfh ¬¶ë∏f Oɵf ’ ÉæfEG ?¢Vƒª¨dG Gòg πc Ée ?∫õ`æªdG Gòg ƒg øjCG
dwelling. Hidden behind compacted earth walls, life resides within,
ø«£dG øe ᵫª°S ¿GQóL ∞∏N ôàà°ùj ƒg Ég .´QÉ°ûdG ôÑY Üôà≤f
concealed in the deepest intimacy. But once the threshold is crossed,
∫ƒNódG ôªe ôÑ©f ¿EG Ée ...øµdh ,á≤«ªY ᫪«ªëH kÉ«Øàîe ,∑ƒcóªdG
what refreshing coolness! What peace and quiet!
.Ahó¡dGh á櫵°ùdGh ¢TÉ©àf’G øe ƒéH •Éëf ≈àM
Al Kasqunia
Bosra
á«fƒµ°ùµdG
Sfireh
IÒØ°ùdG
Sadad
Oó°U
iô°üH
Bosra
iô°üH
Bosra
iô°üH
Rural house with a courtyard
ájhɪ°ùdG áë°ùØdG hP »ØjôdG øµ°ùªdG
The rooms of the house surround an inside courtyard on two or
πµ°ûàa ,çÓK hCG ø«à¡L øe ájhɪ°ùdG áë°ùØdG ∫ƒM ±ô¨dG ™°VƒàJ
three sides. These are simple houses with wooden ceilings or earth
íàØJ òaGƒfh ,ø«£dG øe áÑb hCG Ö°ûîdG øe ∞≤°ùH kÉ£«°ùH kÉæµ°ùe
cupolas, with windows opening on a patio. The latter is used as a
á«HôJh Iô°†î∏d ΩRÓdG ÆGôØdG øeDƒJ »àdG .ájhɪ°ùdG áë°ùØdG ≈∏Y
court, a farmyard and a place for family feasting and gathering.
.ÉgOÉ«YCGh Iô°SC’G äÉ©ªéàdh kÉæ«M øLGhódG
ÉfOÓH
Ö∏M
Aleppo
Arwad Island
OGhQCG IôjõL
Hamra
GôªM
Ma’lula
’ƒ∏©e
Houses in Riwaq or Iwan
Ma’lula
’ƒ∏©e
Arwad Island
OGhQCG IôjõL
¿GƒjE’G hCG ¥GhôdG hP øµ°ùªdG
Who hasn’t noticed these houses near a sunny hillside? Their arcades
É¡«∏Y â£≤°S óbh ∫ÓàdG ÖfGƒL ≈∏Y 䃫ÑdG √òg ßMÓj ºd Éæe øe
provide shelter in the external spaces where most household activities
ƒëf ìƒàتdG ºFÓªdG ¿ÉµªdG É¡àbhQCG â∏µ°T óbh ,¢ùª°ûdG á©°TCG
are undertaken: a place for children’s games and a resting place for
Qɨ°üdG Ö©∏d ¿Éµe »¡a ,á«eƒ«dG äÉ«dÉ©ØdG Ö∏ZCG ºàJ å«M êQÉîdG
the elderly, sometimes even storage room for farming tools.
.áØ∏àîªdG áYGQõdG äGhOCG É¡«a ∑ôàJ ób m¿É«MCG »ah ,QÉѵdG áMGQh
‘ 䃫ÑdG
ôeóJ
Palmyra
Palmyra
ôeóJ
Palmyra
ôeóJ
Palmyra
ôeóJ
Nomad housing
Tents have always been part of the landscape in certain parts of
Palmyra
ôeóJ
…hóÑdG øµ°ùªdG
ájQƒ°ùdG ≥WÉæªdG ¢†©Ñd »˘©˘«˘Ñ˘£˘dG ó˘¡˘°ûª˘dG »˘a Ωɢ«˘î˘dG è˘eó˘æ˘J
Syria. It is an ancestral mobile type of housing, deeply enrooted in
Qòéàe π≤æàe øµ°ùc ∫É«LC’G É¡àKQGƒJ ,á©«Ñ£dG øe kGAõL íÑ°üàa
these hostile lands. Through the centuries, the tent technique has
᫪c Oôée øe ôãcCG √ò«ØæJ á«æ≤J Ö∏£àJ ,»°SÉ≤dG §«ëªdG Gòg »a
required little more than canvas, wooden stakes and rope.
.OÉJhCGh ∫ÉÑëH •ƒHôªdG ¢Tɪ≤dG øe
êPɉ ≈∏Y
Zahra
GôgR
Sulas
¢S’ƒ°S
The basic house
Oronte
Mashqita
»°UÉ©dG
Éà«≤°ûe
Bosra
iô°üH
Izra’a
´QREG
»dhC’G â«ÑdG
So much has been built with very little means. The house may
,IôgɶdG ¬àWÉ°ùH ºZQ ,ƒgh ,ᣫ°ùH äÉ«fɵeEÉH ô«Ñc RÉéfEG øe ¬d Éj
indeed seem very basic and simple, but it is nonetheless most
™°Sƒàf ¿CG ™«£à°ùf ∂dòd áLÉëdG ƒYóJ Éeóæ©a ,ô«Ñc óM ≈dEG »∏ªY
practical. When it proves necessary, we will enlarge it on the right-
ìƒØ°S ≈∏Y hCG ∫ƒ¡°ùdG »a ÉædƒéJ Ée GPEGh .∫ɪ°ûdG äGPh ø«ª«dG äGP
hand side or on the left. This kind of house can be found easily in
™e kÉéeóæe kɢë˘jô˘°U kɢ뢰VGh ɢæ˘d Rô˘Ñ˘j ɢe ¿É˘Yô˘°S á˘jQƒ˘°ùdG ∫É˘Ñ˘é˘dG
plains or huddled up against the slopes of Syrian mountains, where
.§«ëªdG
it blends remarkably well with the landscape.
±ô©àæd
IÒØ°ùdG
Sfireh
Damascus
≥°ûeO
Aleppo
Ö∏M
A quest for know-how and quality
Damascus
≥°ûeO
á«YƒædGh áaô©ªdG øY kÉãëH
Should we give up plumbing systems, electricity, or cars to live in
πLCG øe IQÉ«°ùdG øY hCG ,AÉHô¡µdG ,AɪdG øY »∏îàdG ÖLGƒdG øe πg
traditional homes? Of course not! We must just find a compromise
OÉéjEG áWÉ°ùÑHh ÖLGƒdG øe ,ó«cCÉàdÉHh ,Óc ?…ó«∏≤J ∫õæe »a ¢û«©dG
between modernity and the heritage transmitted to us by our parents.
.OGóLC’G Éæd É¡côJ »àdG ádÉ°UC’Gh áKGóëdG ø«H Ée ájƒ°ùJ
?ΩÉY áÄe
¤EG Oƒ©J QG
Damascus
Sfireh
Damascus
≥°ûeO
Maloula
≥°ûeO
IÒØ°ùdG
’ƒ∏©e
Aleppo
Ö∏M
The stone cutter, the carpenter, the plasterer, etc
¿ƒfÉgódGh ¿hQÉéædGh ôéëdG ƒJÉëf
We suffer from a lack of such craftsmen. We don’t need these men
’h ,IójóL äGQÉM AÉæH πLCG øe ’ ,ø««aôëdG A’Dƒg πc ≈dEG êÉàëf ÉæfEG
of the art to build whole new districts or make homes "pretty" with
≈dEG êÉàëf ÉæfEG .π«ªéàdGh áaôNõ∏d äÉæ«jõàdG ¢†©H π«µ°ûJ πLCG øe
decorative ornaments, no: we need their know-how to rehabilitate
äÉÑ∏£àªdGh ≥aGƒààd øcÉ°ùªdG ≥fhQ IOÉYEG πLCG øe á«aôëdG º¡JGQÉ¡e
traditional houses, to adapt homes to modern needs while preserving
Gòg ¢Uƒ°üîH ÉÄ«°T Gƒ∏©aG .…ó«∏≤àdG øØdG ≈∏Y ®ÉØëdG ™e áãjóëdG
the traditional art. You can act upon this point: ask your local
»a √ƒcô°TCG ,ºµdõæe øe Üô≤dÉH óLGƒàªdG »aôëdG øY GƒãëHG ,ôeC’G
craftsman for help, and entrust him with your project.
.´hô°ûªdG Gòg
O ‘ ¢û«©f
Aleppo
Damascus
Hafr
Ö∏M
≥°ûeO
ôØM
Bosra
iô°üH
Bosra
iô°üH
Damascus
Aleppo
Ksibei
Ksibei
áÑ«°ùc
Oronte
»°UÉ©dG
≥°ûeO
Ö∏M
áÑ«°ùc
Oronte
Al Aababe
»°UÉ©dG
IOÉÑY
It’s not too late
ó©H ¿GhC’G âØj ºd
Look at the decoration in traditional buildings: stuccos, earth and
á«°üédG ±QÉNõdG :ájó«˘∏˘≤˘à˘dG äƒ˘«˘Ñ˘dG »˘a äÉ˘æ˘«˘jõ`à˘dG äó˘gɢ°T π˘g
straw renderings, stone lintels... Don't you recognise them? Haven’t
»a É¡aOÉ°üJ ºdCG ?É¡˘«˘∏˘Y ±ô˘©˘à˘J º˘dCG ?ÜGƒ˘HC’G äÉ˘Ñ˘à˘Yh ,᢫˘æ˘«˘£˘dGh
you not already often come across them in so many villages in the
?ájQƒ°S Ö∏b »a iô≤dG øe ójó©dG
very heart of Syria?
¿CG Ωƒ«dG Éæd
Al Frouqlos
Izra’a
Aleppo
¢ù∏bôa
´QREG
Ö∏M
Ksibei
áÑ«°ùc
Aleppo
Ö∏M
What about traditional trades and craftsmen?
?ø««aôëdGh ájó«∏≤àdG äÉ«æ≤àdG øY GPÉeh
Let us not be mistaken, it is impossible to preserve heritage without
ájó«∏≤àdG ø¡ªdG ≈dEG ´ƒLôdG ¿hO øe çGôàdG ≈∏Y ßaÉëf ¿CG åÑ©dG øe
traditional trades. Traditional constructions are simple in concept
ɪ«a ≥«bO ¬æµdh π¡°S ájó«∏≤àdG ∫RÉæªdG AÉæÑa .É¡H áfÉ©à°S’Gh
but meticulous in their building processes. The worse choice consists
A»˘°T …CG ∫ó˘Ñ˘à˘°ùf ¿CG ø˘µ˘ª˘ª˘dG ô˘˘«˘˘Z ø˘˘e .Aɢ˘°ûfE’G ᢢ«˘˘∏˘˘ª˘˘Y ¢üj
in pulling together four concrete blocks and covering them with
á©«ÑW äGP á«fó©e áë«Ø°Uh áfÉ°SôîdG øe ÖdGƒb ™HQCG ΩGóîà°SÉH
sheet-metal roofing; this cannot be the right solution.
.áLƒªàe
æd øµÁ πg
Hamra
GôªM
Hama
GôªM
Ma’lula
’ƒ∏©e
Sfireh
Aleppo
Ö∏M
As times change, so do dwellings
Aleppo
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Damascus
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It is no doubt preferable not to live lingering in the past; we must
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turn to the future. Yet, inevitably, forgetting what we once were
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portends losing some of our past values. We stop in the middle of
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a street; we raise our eyes to the surrounding buildings: yes, we
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certainly could improve the preservation of this worthy heritage.
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Mugla, Turkey
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Mugla, Turkey
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Lindos, Greece
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Málaga, Spain
Ibouharen-Fasha, Morocco
… a bridge of blue sea
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Tunis, Tunisia
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The Mediterranean basin, both so far and so near, holds so much
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traditional heritage. In any given country, one can come across
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similar problems to ours, and therefore find solutions that are
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identical to ours. Thus let us face the future together, and let mutual
trust and confidence show the way.
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Ghardaia, Algeria
Chaouen, Morocco
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Tozeur, Tunisia
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Neighbouring lands
Elmali, Turkey
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Our towns and cities resemble so many other towns and cities in
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the Mediterranean area. Let us remember this, and better
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acknowledge the invaluable worth of traditional architecture in
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Syria, a true Mediterranean way of life.
Traditional Architecture in Syria:
a Mediterranean Dwelling
Produced by:
CORPUS Levant
CORPUS Levant is a consortium with:
Ecole d’Avignon
Direction Générale des Antiquités du Liban
General Direction of Antiquities and Museums of Syria
Col·legi d’Aparelladors i Arquitectes Tècnics de Barcelona
With the support of:
European Commission
MEDA-EUROMED HERITAGE
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Team Syria (DGA):
Direction:
Tammam Fakouch
Co-ordination:
Maan Chibli,Hazar Emmran
Collaborators:
Kamal Bitar, Oqba Fakouch, Yarob Badr,
Dalia Mokayed, Ghada Rifai,
Dina Mouffock, Laila Helou
Team France:
Direction:
Co-ordination:
Gilles Nourissier
Christophe Graz
Team Spain:
Direction:
Co-ordination:
Xavier Casanovas
Ramon Graus and Joan Casanovas
Collaborators:
Montse Villaverde
Graphic Design: LM,DG – Stella Moreno
Printed by:
Leogravure
Acknowledgements:
To each one of the Syrian families whom nobility has
permitted the birth of this little tribute to the traditional
architecture of Syria.
Damascus, February, 2004
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