3.1.1 Stavros Katsanevas

Transcription

European Conference on Research Infrastructures
Versailles 9-10 December 2008
Astronomy and Astroparticle
Infrastructures
for Europe
Stavros Katsanevas
Deputy Scientific Director IN2P3/CNRS
ASPERA coordinator
Astronomy and Astroparticle
Astronomy and Astroparticle Physics have realised a series
of large RI’s in the recent past thrusting European
scientists in a position of leadership:
Multiwavelength astronomy
Multimessenger astronomy
Dark Matter and Energy
Exoplanets
…
How can this leadership
be preserved?
•
In the following I will present the priorities of the ERANETs of
– Astronomy (ASTRONET)
and
– Astroparticle Physics (ASPERA)
•
ERANET goals:
–
–
–
–
•
Status of the funding methodologies of the field
Priority Roadmap of infrastructures
Launch common calls
Propose legal and formal schemes
Why 2 ERANETS ?
• Communities only partially overlapping
• Different institutional environments defining roadmap context
– ASTRONET: ESO/ESA play a major role
– ASPERA: ApPEC plays a major role (but not yet a common budget) , links to CERN
ASTRONET is the ERA-NET of Astronomy/Astrophysics
Funded by EU FP6 (2.5 M€/4 yr from Sept 2005)
–Coordinator: CNRS/INSU (Jean-Marie Hameury)
– SITE: www.astronet.eu.org
Contractors: STFC (UK), CNRS (France), INAF (Italy), NWO (Netherlands),
PT-DESY/BMBF (Germany), MICINN (Spain), NOTSA(Scandinavia), NCBIR
(Poland) and ESO
Associates:
MPG, DFG (Germany), ESA, Estonia, Sweden, Hungary, Lithuania, Greece,
Switzerland Slovakia , Austria, Estonia, Czech Republic, Romania, Ukraine
Forum Members: Israel, Latvia, Denmark,Finland
ASTRONOMY Science Vision Key Questions
A: Do we understand the
extremes of the Universe? B: How do galaxies form and
evolve?
C: What is the origin and
evolution of stars and planetary
systems?
D: How do we fit in?
Published October2007
Working group, 4 panels
Poitiers Symposium January 2007
ASTRONOMY Roadmap, methodology
Covering both ground & space-based facilities
Based on the Science Vision,
Published 25 November 2008
Roadmap Working group. Chair M. Bode
(5 panels; 60 experts, 40 meetings)
Liverpool Symposium July 2008
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
High energy astrophysics, astroparticle astrophysics*
UVOIR and radio/mm astronomy
Solar telescopes, solar system missions, laboratory studies
Theory, computing facilities/networks, virtual observatory
Education, recruitment and training, public outreach
* Overlap with ASPERA
Large ground-based Projects
Medium and Small ground-based projects
Large Scale Space Missions
Medium Scale Space Missions
ASPERA is the ERA-NET of Astroparticle Physics
Funded by EU FP6 (2.5 M€/3yr from July 2006)
-Coordinator: CNRS/IN2P3 (S. Katsanevas)
- SITE: www.aspera-eu.org
ASPERA arises from the existence of ApPEC
(Astroparticle Physics European Coordination).
Contractors: BMBF/PTDESY, CEA,CNRS,
DEMOKTRITOS, FCT, FECYT/MICINN,
FOM,FRS/FNRS, FZU, FWO, IFIN-HH,NCBIR,
SNF, STFC, VR and CERN
In negotiations with EU for a
continuation (ASPERA2)
starting July 2009 for 3 further
years.
14 countries
+CERN
ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS Key Science Questions
What is the Universe made of ?
Do protons have a finite lifetime ?
What are the properties of neutrinos ?
What is their role in cosmic evolution ?
What do neutrinos tell us about the
interior of the Sun and the Earth, and
about Supernova explosions ?
What is the origin of cosmic rays? What
is the view of the sky at extreme energies
?
What will gravitational waves tell us
about violent cosmic processes and
about the nature of gravity ?
Published September 2008
:
Astroparticle Roadmap Methodology
Roadmap organised by the Peer Review Committee (chair C. Spiering)
6 topical workshops (2005-2006)
7 working groups
(2006-2007)
Meetings on Theory, R&D, Computing
3 large symposia:
Valencia
2006
Amsterdam 2007 Opportunities
Brussels
2008
Priorities
Large international participation at highest level
2 documents (opportunities, priorities)
Special document on R&D and knowledge transfer
Joint programming measures
Roadmap Priorities I
Understand the violent Universe, search for
dark matter
2 construction priorities (in ESFRI roadmap)
Technology defined: construction could start by 2012
Neutrino telescope KM3NeT in the
Mediterranean
Synergy with EMSO (Deep Ocean Observatories)
FP6 Design Study and FP7 Preparatory Phase
Gamma Astronomy CTA
Preserve European leadership in the domain
Possible designs
14
Priorities II
Understand the composition of the Universe.
Underground Science: coordinate underground laboratories sites of a
series of searches of dark matter and neutrino mass*
By 2011-2012, decide the
technology that will increase the
sensitivity of these searches by
2 orders of magnitude
Example: DM search:
LHC
reach
150 kg Xe/Ar
1 ton
EURECA
or
Xenon/Ar
gon
*Underground space equally important for proton decay searches , neutrino
astrophysics and gravitational waves
15
Priorities IV
Projects that will be conducted in a global
framework
– To be discussed in the OECD Global
Science Forum on Astroparticle Physics
1. Charged Cosmic Rays : Auger-North
–
Medium cost for Europe
2. Megaton Scale detectors for proton decay,
neutrino astrophysics and neutrino
properties (mid 2010s)
–
–
FP7 Design study LAGUNA
Also DUSEL (US) and Hyperkamioka (Japan)
3. Underground Gravitational wave antenna
Einstein Telescope (>2016)
–
FP7 Design Study E.T.
16
Astrophysics and Astroparticle Science in a global context
MA
TA
OECD GSF
Coordination with
US Decadal plan of Astronomy
US HEPAP
ESA/NASA
0
30
GEO
600
VIRGO
H
1
H
2
An example of distributed global
coordination:
LIG
O
GW antennas
LIGO
Common global infrastructure:
AUGER
Astroparticle physics networks exhibit a natural
synergy with climate and risk monitoring studies
or geoscience observation networks.
1)The atmosphere, the ocean and earth are both
the target and detecting medium
2)They need to deploy large variable geometry
networks of autonomous “smart” sensors in
sometimes hostile environments
Compare e.g.
AUGER:1600 autonomous stations covering
3000 km²of the pampa
or KM3 100 lines covering 1km² of ocean floor
(oceanography, geosciences, biodiversity)
With EMSO/EPOS or US (see talk J.Delaney)
Relationships with ESFRI roadmap
Priorities have a large overlap with ESFRI Roadmap:
E-ELT, SKA, KM3, CTA
PLUS:
Calendar and milestones
Budget constraints
Global context considerations
ASPERA
Budget considerations (ground only):
Astrophysics: 10000 FTE and 100 M€/year national investment +ESO 160 M€/year
Astroparticle: 2500 FTE and 70 M€/year national investment
Space budget: ESA 400 M€/year + 250-300 M€/year national budgets
ASPERA roadmap:
1,0 B€ in 10 years
50% increase (including 25-30 M€/y for current program and R&D)
ASTRONET ground roadmap (without KM3/CTA):
1,6 B€ in 10 years
40-50% increase (assuming 0,4 B€ will be spent by ESO + existing facility operation)
20% increase if one adds space and ground
Efforts of worldwide sharing to reduce the increase.
LEGAL/FORMAL STRUCTURES
Large experience in infrastructure schemes, no size fits all
Good experience with European Organisations, international foundations and
private companies under host country law.
For new infrastructures: ERIC could be an improved framework, provided
it has certain features (e.g. VAT exemption)
Astrophysics and Astroparticle Physics have a long tradition in large
research infrastructures that have assured European leadership in many
domains of the field.
European « decadal plans » of priority on Astroparticle and Astrophysics
have been established and they are, despite their independent elaboration,
remarkably convergent.
The major recommendations also converge with the ESFRI priorities:
E-ELT, SKA, KM3 and CTA
The roadmap exercise prevented fragmentation to nationally/regionally
limited initiatives. European Technical Design studies are in preparation.
Site issues will be tackled with dedicated program committees.
The international dimension is also a tradition of the field and a large
fraction of the new infrastructures will be global.
Astronomical and Astroparticle RI’s for society
Astronomical and Astroparticle RI’s
Address fundamental questions about the Cosmos exciting public interest to science
Urge to pan-European or even global coordination through their scale and complexity
Promote new technologies and high level quality assurance procedures
Transfer knowledge to adjacent fields and industry
e.g. large monitoring networks, handling of large data sets, state of the art sensors
Astronomical and Astroparticle RI’s
Are public research initiatives promoting large scale industrial realizations (mirrors,
sensor matrices, large volume vacuum, autonomous distributed acquisition, large
underwater systems,..)
They are also sustaining a network of smaller industrial partners with high-level niche
technologies and know-how. These last fall usually victims of large industrial
concentrations or market scale considerations despite the fact that they produce key
components for energy/climate and national defense systems
The Astronomical and Astronomical RI’s proposed above:
Will be open and public access instruments
Principal Investigator preferential access, for a limited period, will only be necessary
for instruments where background conditions demand an intimate knowledge of the
detector, for instance direct dark matter searches

3.1.1 Stavros Katsanevas

Transcription

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