Rural electrification with pv – market potential in Cambodia

RURAL ELECTRIFICATION WITH PV - MARKET POTENTIAL
IN CAMBODIA
Paper for Renewable Energy Policy Dialogue and Working Visit 10-16 Jun 2012, Munich
By Dr BUN NARITH; Deputy Director General Of Energy; Cambodian RE-SNN Focal Point
Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
General Background
Rural Electrification Policy
Rural Electrification Target
Rural Electrification Strategy
Renewable Energy Potential and Utilization
Government’s Initiative undertaken for
Promoting RE Development
Rural Electrification Plan and Investment Cost
Till 2030
Conclusion
General Background
• Cambodia is one of the South East Asia
country, bordered by Lao PDR in the northeast, by Thailand in the west and the northwest , by Vietnam in the east and south and by
Gulf of Thailand in South-West;
• Become a Member of ASEAN in 29 Apr 1999
• Area:181,035Km2;
• Population: 14 million, 85% living in rural area;
• Capital: Phnom Penh with 1.2mio. Population;
• GDP per Capita: US$ 1800 in 2011.
General Background “ Cont’e “
•Power supply capacity (2011) : 635MW in total
(350MW in Phnom Penh);
•Power generation(2011) : 2,515 GWh in total
(1,714 GWh in Phnom Penh);
•About 93 % of power facility are DO & HFO generators (rely
on imported oil) , 3% from Coal & only 4% from RE (3%- HP ;
1%- Biomass);
•Isolated power system ( 22 not-interconnected power
systems in Phnom Penh and provincial towns );
•Electricity Consumption per capita (2011): 190kWh ;
•Electrification Ratio per HH (2011): 34% nationwide ;
and only 14% in Rural Areas ( 2010: Lao-70%;Vietnam95%;Thailand-99%)
Electrified villages in Cambodia in 2010. Brown are villages without electricity,
Yellow are villages with partial access to electricity
Rural Electrification Policy
• The policy of the RGC on Rural Electrification is
to substantially scale-up access to electricity
services for rural area where today only 14% of its
population has access to electricity services.
• The important part of Rural Electrification
Policy is the mobilization of our Renewable
Energy (RE) sources, where they are cost-effective,
and the promotion of RE technologies.
Rural Electrification Target
• By 2020, all villages should have access to electricity
of different forms including from batteries.
• By 2030, 70% of rural households should have access
to grid quality service (24-hours mini-grids or national
grid)
Rural Electrification Strategy
•Grid expansion (extension up to 40 km from 24
provincial centers)
• Renewable Energy (solar PV,micro/mini hydro, wind,
biogas,biomass,biofuel etc…)
• Cross-border power supply from neighboring
countries (Thai, VN, Lao)
Renewable Energy Potential and Utilization
• Cambodia has abundant renewable energy
source such as solar, mini/micro hydropower,
biomass and other.
• At present, the development of RE sources
is very slow because of the lack of experiences
and funds, and inadequate data in this field.
• The utilization of these sources also is
insignificant in the contribution to the total
energy supply mix which is mainly based on
imported-fuel oil for power generation.
• Current status of RE Technologies is mainly in
research, development and demonstration stage.
Renewable Energy Potential and
Utilization “ Cont’e “
Theoretical
Potential (MW)
Installed
Capacity (MW)
300
1.7
Solar
5.1 kWh/m2/day
2MWp
Wind
420
1
2,000
17
Resources
Mini/Micro/Pico
Hydro
Biomass
Pico-Hydropower-5kW in Koh Kong Province
Pico-Hydropower-2kW in Mondulkiri Province
Solar PV for Bridge Lighting and Telecommunication Systems
Solar PV-BCS
NEDO Demonstration Solar PV (50 kW) and Biogas Engine (2x35kW )(Japan Grant
Aid)
CIDA Funded 7 kW Biomass Gasification Project using Leucaena sp. Tree
in Anlong Tamei Village, Banan District, Battambang Province
Government’s Initiative undertaken for
Promoting RE Development
• In order to promote RE development, the RGC has
formulated Rural Renewable Electricity Policy, Strategy
and Plan, where the RGC would put in place an
incentive regime, tariff policy, investment and other
subsidies and financial plan including set up the Rural
Electrification Fund (REF) which promotes a marketdriven, private sector led RE program for Cambodia.
• Reduction on import tax for (since 2009):
- Solar PV component from 30% to 7%
- Biomass and Solar water heating component from
15% to 0%
Rural Electrification Plan and Investment Cost
till 2030
• In March 2011,IED(Inovation Énergie Développement )
under French TA conducted the study on Sustainable Rural
Electrification Plans for Cambodia, the result of this study
indicated the Plan and Estimated Cost which Cambodia
need for achieving 100% of Villages will have access to
electricity of different forms by 2020 and 70% of HH will
be connected to grid quality electricity by 2030 .
• IED included also RE sources in the Plan such as SHS,
community PV, mini/micro hydropower, SBC and biomass
gasification.
• The estimated cost is about 1 Billion US Dollars for the
period of 20yrs (2011-2030).
Rur Electrfn Plan and Invstm’t Cost till 2030
“Cont’ e “
Investment Cost in Rural Areas
(Mio US$) by RE
2011-2015 2016-2020 2020-2030
Micro/Mini HP Mini Grid
Biomass Mini Grid
Sub-Total
SHS
Community PV
Solar BCS
Sub-Total SPV System
31.49
16.37
47.86
6.70
2.20
10.37
19.27
0.86
0.58
2.02
8.27
2.20
10.57
21.04
0.24
0.17
0.41
0
0
0
0
Rur Electrfn Plan and Invstmn’t Cost till 2030
“Cont’ e “
• Breakdown for Stand Alone SPV Projects
Number of Project
SHS (New kits)
Community PV (New Villages)
SBCS (New Villages)
2011-2015
16.744
997
569
2016-2020
20.679
997
455
Conclusion
• These figures shown the depth of potential off grid
market and of private sector investment, as for the time
being, there is no public financing for off grid options
envisaged