Thommen Implant System Implant/Abutment Connection
Transcription
Thommen Implant System Implant/Abutment Connection
Thommen Implant System Implant/Abutment Connection Start with a Solid Connection SWISS PRECISION AND INNOVATION. Thommen Implant System Implant/Abutment Connection Start with a Solid Connection The implant/abutment connection lies The requirements for an optimal on the implant platform. This carries the at the heart of any implant system. At implant/abutment connection can be bulk of non-axial forces and gives the present time there are more than summarized as follows: optimal mechanical stability to the twenty different implant/abutment connections on the market, some of which meet the variousrequirements better than others. This paper presents an overview of how divergent requirements for an implant/abutment connection can be combined to implant/abutment connection. Further, ·Minimum platform height for optimal prosthetic flexibility ·Accurate transfer of the implant position to the master model the reinforcement collar helps to isolate the abutment screw from lateral forces which could otherwise contribute to screw loosening. ·Precise rotational orientation for single-tooth restorations provide a superior esthetic solution ·Maximum mechanical stability Fig. 1: without compromising long-term ·Optimal fatigue resistance The Thommen Implant System reliability. ·Minimized microgap implant/abutment connection: ·Overload protection 1 Reinforcement collar · optimal mechanical stability The Thommen Implant System · focused compression for minimal implant/abutment connection was developed more than twenty years 2 Internal hexagon ago and has proved itself decisively · minimal height for prosthetic flexibility since. The implant/ abutment · rotational stability for single-tooth connection of The Thommen Implant System was one of the first to have an · accurate impression transfer internal hexagon. Internal connections 3 FEM-optimized wall dimensions have a great advantage over external · optimal fatigue resistance microgap implant restorations connections in that they allow a longer engaging surface while reducing the platform height of the implant, which allows more flexibility in designing the emergence profile of the final restoration. The internal hexagon of The Thommen Implant System is manufactured with the highest precision and allows an extremely accurate transfer of the implant position to the master model, which in turn ensures a perfect fit for the prosthesis. The internal hexagon also provides precise rotational orientation and stability for single-tooth implant r estorations thanks to the large, indexed contact surfaces 1 . A unique feature of The Thommen Implant System implant/abutment connection is the reinforcement collar 2 © Thommen Medical 1 2 3 Finally, the reinforcement collar f ocuses the contact area between the implant and abutment, so that there is higher surface compression in the critical perimeter area of the connection with comparatively modest torque used on the abutment screw. This minimizes the microgap between the implant and abutment which in turn r educes the occurrence of bacterial contamination 2 . In determining the design of an internal connection, particular attention has to be paid to the strength of the implant walls: they must be able to withstand significant torque loads placed on the connection during surgical insertion as well as strong occlusal forces without fear of deformation or fracture. For this reason, t he dimensions of The Thommen Implant System implant/ abutment connection were calculated and optimized using the finite element method, and thoroughly tested on our in-house hydropulser equipment to ensure optimal strength and fatigue resistance. All Thommen Implant System components are s ubjected to strict testing in accordance with ISO 14801. This dictates dynamic strength testing parameters of 2 million loading cycles at a frequency of 2 Hz in a saline solution with a temperature of 37º C (to replicate the oral cavity). In the FEM images, the color scale indicates the level of stress – with blue the lowest and red the highest. During the design optimization process, modifications are made and tested Fig. 2: Design optimization with FEM analysis until the ideal distribution of stress – and hence strength – is o btained. © Thommen Medical 3 Fig. 3: Test set-up for implants and prosthetic parts according to ISO 14801 Fatigue testing (ISO 14801) F F 30º 5 mm Load rod 11 m m 8m m 3m m Bone resorption Simulated crown Gold coping Simulated crown Abutment Gold coping 10 mm Abutment Normal bone level (no bone resorption) Implant Implant PMMA Specimen holder PMMA Specimen holder Load F [N] Test conditions Frequency 2 Hz Runouts2 3 106 cycles Environment 0.9 % NaCI/37º C 13 Runout load 33 Load F [N] Runout 2 3 106 cycles Fig. 4: In-house laboratory for fatigue testing 4 © Thommen Medical The Thommen abutment screw The abutment screw plays a central role for the mechanical strength and optimal fatigue resistance of The Thommen Implant System implant/ abutment connection. To begin, let us summarize the requirements of an ideal abutment screw: ·Minimal head diameter ·No loosening ·Optimal fatigue resistance ·Overload protection ·Excellent pick-up and carrying ability The abutment screw of The Thommen Implant System has a small screw head – with a diameter of 1.6 mm respectively Fig. 6: Wheel of a car with the same concept of a conical screw seat 1.9 mm compared with more typical diameters of 2.2 mm to 2.6 mm. The small screw head is possible because it does not need to withstand the higher 1 2 clamping forces which other designs may require (typically 35 Ncm) and it is protected from non-axial loads by the reinforcement collar discussed previously. The small screw head 3 allows The Thommen Implant System abutments to be produced with a narrower screw channel and thicker walls. This in turn gives the dental technician more freedom for prosthetic design and fabrication for a strong and esthetic result. One typical complication of implant/ abutment connections is that the Fig. 5: screw may loosen 3 ,4. This is caused by 1 Small screw head non-axial forces that may lead to narrow screw channel/better relative motions between screw head esthetics and abutment 5 . The abutment screw 2 Conical screw seat of The Thommen Implant System has a to prevent loosening of the screw conical screw seat (conical angle of 3 Reduced diameter shaft 60°) that precludes such relative lateral for optimal fatigue resistance motions and minimizes the risk of the Predesigned breakage point screw becoming loose. The same for overload protection concept has been used for decades in the car industry to keep wheel lug nuts tight. Tests on the hydropulser equipment has shown that after 2 million load cycles no change in the abutment screw’s tightening torque could be observed. The abutment screw utilizes a proven reduced diameter shaft (anti-fatigue shaft) 6 , a common component in engineering that is used in the design of connections that are subject to strong dynamic loads 7 . An anti-fatigue shaft screw differs from a normal screw in that the shaft is subject to deformation when exposed to tension and acts like a spring. Tightening the abutment screw imparts a calculated amount of tension (“pre-load”) on the shaft which compresses the abutment onto the implant to generate a stable connection. The appropriate pre-load of the abutment screw is attained by the application of the correct tightening torque. For the reasons described above, the required torque is lower than that used with many other implant systems. It is important not to exceed the specified torque, because this places excessive pre-load on the shaft and actually prevents it from functioning properly. © Thommen Medical 5 Conclusion Zusammenfassung In addition to its physical design, The Thommen Implant System implant/ Im vorliegenden Artikel wird die Funktion der optimal fatigue properties of The abutment connection, combined with Implantat/Abutment-Verbindung des Thommen Im- Thommen Implant System abutment The Thommen Implant System plantatsystems eingehend beschrieben. screw are ensured by the use of a abutment screw, offers an ideal high-strength titanium alloy. The balance of reliability, safety and selected titanium alloy has excellent esthetics. biocompatibility and is widely used in orthopedic devices . 8 ,9 ist eines der wichtigsten Elemente eines Implantatsystems. Es werden verschiedene Anforderungen an die Funktion gestellt wie minimale Bauhöhe für prothetische Flexibilität, präzise Passungen, ·Minimum platform height and head diameter for optimal prosthetic The Thommen Implant System flexibility and excellent esthetic abutment screw also serves as the results. pre-designed breakage point for the Die Verbindung zwischen Implantat und Abutment ·Tight tolerances and precise optimale Ermüdungsfestigkeit etc. Um eine bestmögliche Lösung anzubieten, kommt beim Thommen Implantatsystems eine Innenverbindung, ergänzt mit einem Führungsring, zum Einsatz. Die Innenverbindung ist mit einem Sechskant zur Rotationssicherung ausgebildet und weist im Vergleich zur implant/abutment connection. This production methods ensure an Aussenverbindung eine längere Führung des Abut- minimizes the risk of damaging the extremely accurate transfer of the ments auf. Diese Führung ist ausschlaggebend für implant should the prosthetic be implant position to the master exposed to an overload, which may model, which in turn ensures a occur, for example during an accident. perfect fit for the prosthesis. Prosthetic components may be ·Internal hexagon provides precise die Stabilität. Eine Besonderheit des Thommen Implantatsystems ist der Führungsring: Dieser schützt die Abutmentschraube vor nicht axialen Kräften und verhindert eine Schraubenlockerung. Zusätzlich wird durch den repaired or replaced relatively easily, rotational orientation and stability for Führungsring die Auflagefläche zwischen Implantat but it is critical that the implant be single-tooth implant restorations und Abutment reduziert, wodurch bei gleichem protected in such an event. The thanks to the large, indexed contact optimal breakage point was surfaces. determined through careful FEM ·High surface compression in the Anzugsmoment eine höhere Flächenpressung und somit eine bestmögliche Abdichtung gegen Körperflüssigkeiten ermöglicht wird. Die Abutmentschraube hat einen kleinen Schrau- analysis and thorough testing on the critical perimeter area of the benkopf, damit ein dünner Schraubenkanal ermögli- hydropulser equipment. connection results in a minimal cht wird. Dies ist für eine optimale ästhetische microgap between the implant and Versorgung notwendig. Die optimalen Eigenschaften gegen Ermüdung der Abutment- Finally, convenient and safe handling is the abutment, which in turn reduces an important design requirement for an the occurrence of bacterial klassischen Dehnschaftschraube, wie sie im traditio- abutment screw. The Thommen contamination. nellen Maschinenbau für dynamisch hoch belastete Implant System abutment screw ·Optimal mechanical stability and satisfies this requirement with its fatigue resistance thanks to a unique 4-lobe head design. The 4-lobe superior design and durable head is specially tapered to allow easy material. and secure pick-up of both abutment ·Built-in protection from screw schraube werden einerseits durch das Design einer Verbindungen verwendet wird, andererseits durch die Verwendung einer hochfesten Titanliegierung ermöglicht. Das Thommen Implantatsystems wurde mittels FEM-Berechnungen optimiert und die Ermüdungsfestigkeit ausgiebig getestet. Dabei screw sizes using a single screwdriver. loosening with proven design wurde das System so ausgelegt, dass im Falle einer Further, the 4-lobe head is more techniques. Überbelastung, wie zum Beispiel bei einem Unfall, resistant to deformation than a · Easy and convenient handling. comparably sized hexagon. With over twenty-five years of proven results, The Thommen Implant System implant/abutment connection and abutment screw is indeed a solid connection on which to build a lasting, beautiful restoration. 6 © Thommen Medical die Abutmentschraube als Sollbruchstelle agiert und somit das Implantat vor e iner Beschädigung schützt. Résumé Riassunto Resumen Cet article donne une description détaillée de la Nel presente articolo viene illustrata in dettaglio la En el presente artículo se describe de forma deta- fonction de la liaison implant/abutment du système funzione della connessione impianto/abutment del llada la función de la unión implante/pilar del sistema d’implants Thommen. La liaison entre l’implant et sistema Implantare Thommen. La connessione tra de implantes Thommen. La unión entre el implante y l’abutment est un des éléments les plus importants l’impianto e l’abutment è uno degli elementi più im- el pilar es uno de los elementos más importantes de d’un système d’implants. Différentes exigences sont portanti di un sistema implantare. Vengono richiesti un sistema de implantes y debe satisfacer diferen- posées à la fonction, comme la hauteur minimale de diversi r equisiti alla funzione, come un’altezza mini- tes requisitos, como una altura de construcción mí- construction pour la flexibilité prothétique, des adap- male per la flessibilità protesica, accoppiamenti pre- nima para permitir flexibilidad protésica, además de tations précises, une résistance à la fatigue opti- cisi, r esistenza ottimale alla fatica ecc. unos ajustes precisos, una resistencia a la fatiga óp- male, etc. Le système d’implants Thommen utilise Per offrire la migliore soluzione possibile nel sistema tima, etc. une liaison intérieure associée à une bague de gui- Implantare Thommen viene impiegata una connes- Para poder ofrecer la mejor solución posible, en el dage afin d’offrir la meilleure s olution possible. La sione interna integrata da un anello di guida. La con- sistema de implantes Thommen se ha empleado liaison intérieure est formée d‘un hexagone assurant nessione interna è dotata di un esagono con fun- una unión interior complementada con un anillo la protection antirotationnelle et présente, par rap- zione a ntirotazionale e, rispetto alla connessione guía. Dicha unión está formada por un hexágono port à la liaison e xtérieure, un guidage plus long de esterna, presenta una guida dell‘abutment più lunga. para bloquear la rotación y, en comparación con la l‘abutment. Ce guidage est décisif pour la stabilité. Tale guida è d eterminante per la stabilità. unión exterior, presenta una guía del pilar más larga. La bague de guidage est une particularité du Una particolarità del sistema Implantare Thommen è Esta guía es determinante para la estabilidad. système d’implants Thommen: elle protège la vis l’anello di guida: questo protegge la vite per Una particularidad del sistema de implantes Thom- d’abutment des forces non axiales et empêche un abutment dalle forze non assiali e impedisce un al- men es el anillo guía: este elemento protege el torni- desserrage de la vis. lentamento della vite. llo de pilar de las fuerzas no axiales y evita que el tor- La bague de guidage réduit de plus la surface d’ap- Inoltre l’anello di guida riduce la superficie di nillo se afloje. pui entre l’implant et l’abutment, ce qui offre une appoggio tra impianto e abutment rendendo Además, mediante el anillo guía se reduce la superfi- pression superficielle plus élevée avec le possibile, a parità di coppia di serraggio, una pres cie de apoyo entre el implante y el pilar, de modo même couple de serrage et donc une meilleure sione superficiale più elevata e, di conseguenza, la que con un mismo apriete se permite una mayor étanchéification contre les liquides corporels. migliore tenuta possibile contro i liquidi corporei. presión superficial además del mejor sellado posible La tête de la vis d’abutment est petite, ce qui per- La vite per abutment presenta una testa di piccole frente a los fluidos corporales. met d’obtenir un canal de vissage plus fin, dimensioni, per ottenere un canale di avvitamento El tornillo de pilar tiene una cabeza pequeña que nécessaire pour un soin esthétique optimal. Les più stretto. Ciò è necessario per una ricostruzione permite utilizar un canal más fino. Esta característica caractéristiques de fatigue optimales de la vis ottimale dal punto di vista estetico. Le proprietà ide- es necesaria para una reconstrucción estética óp- d’abutment sont dues d’une part à la conception ali di resistenza alla fatica della vite per abutment si tima. Las propiedades de fatiga óptimas del tornillo d’une vis à tige allégée classique, telle qu’utilisée devono da un lato al design di una classica vite con de pilar se consiguen, por un lado, gracias al diseño dans la construction mécanique traditionnelle pour gambo scaricato, del tipo tradizionalmente impie- de un tornillo de dilatación clásico —como los em- des liaisons soumises à de fortes charges, et d’autre gato nella costruzione di macchine per connessioni pleados en la construcción tradicional de maquinaria part à l’utilisation d’un alliage titane à résistance soggette ad un carico elevato dal punto di vista di- para uniones dinámicamente sometidas a una ele- élevée. namico, dall’altra all’impiego di una lega di titanio vada carga—, y, por otro, mediante el uso de una Le système d’implants Thommen a été optimisé par estremamente resistente. aleación de titanio extraordinariamente resistente. des calculs par éléments finis et la résistance à la fa- Il sistema Implantare Thommen è stato ottimizzato El sistema de implantes Thommen ha sido optimi- tigue a été largement testée. Le système a été grazie a calcoli FEM e la resistenza alla fatica è stata zado mediante cálculos por el método de elemen- conçu de sorte que la vis d’abutment agisse en tant ampiamente testata. Il sistema è stato progettato in tos FEM y la resistencia a la fatiga ha sido amplia- que point de rupture en cas de surcharge, par modo tale che, in caso di sovraccarico, come ad mente probada. En este sentido, el sistema ha sido exemple d’un a ccident, et protège ainsi l’implant esempio in caso di incidente, la vite per abutment concebido de modo que, en caso de sobrecarga, d’un dommage. funge da punto di rottura prestabilita proteggendo como sucede por ejemplo en un accidente, el torni- l’impianto da eventuali danni. llo del pilar actúe como punto de rotura nominal para proteger el implante contra los daños. 1Binon PP. The Effect of Implant/Abutment Hexagonal Misfit on Screw Joint Stability. Journal of Prosthodontics Vol. 9, 1996; 149–160 2Steinebrunner L, Worfart S, Bössmann K, Kern M. In Vitro Evaluation of Bacterial Leakage Along the Implant-Abutment Interface of Different Implant Systems. JOMI Vol. 20, Number 6; 2005; 875–881 3Jung RE, Pjetursson BE, Glauser R, Zembic A, Zwahlen M, Lang NP. A systematic review of the 5-year survival and complication rates of implant supported single crowns. Clin. Oral Impl. Res.19, 2008; 119–130 4Kreissl ME, Gerd T, Muche R, Heydecke G, Strub JR. Technical complications of implant-supported fixed partial dentures in partially edentulous cases after an average observation period of 5 years. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 18, 2007; 720–726 5Schwarz MS. Mechanical complications of dental implants. Clin Oral Impl Res. 2000; 11 (Suppl.): 156–158 6DIN 250-1: Bolted Connections with Reduced Shank; Survey, Range of Application and Examples of Installation. 1974–09 7Köhler H, Jende S. Motorverschraubung. GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Lexikon Motorentechnik, Der Verbrennungsmotor von A bis Z; Wiesbaden 2004 8ASTM F1295-05 Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-6 Aluminum-7 Niobium Alloy for Surgical Implant Applications 9 ISO 5832 Wrought Titanium-6 Aluminum-7 Niobium Alloy; 1994-09-01 © Thommen Medical 7 letzter Stand: 10.11.2011 Headquarters 7KRPPHQ0HGLFDO$* +DXSWVWUDVVHG :DOGHQEXUJ_6ZLW]HUODQG 7HO )D[ LQIR#WKRPPHQPHGLFDOFRP Subsidiaries/National Distributors Austria 7KRPPHQ0HGLFDO$XVWULD*PE+ 7HFKQRORJLH]HQWUXP1HXVLHGO /XGZLJ%ROW]PDQQ6WUD¼H 1HXVLHGODP6HH_$XVWULD 7HO )D[ LQIR#WKRPPHQPHGLFDODW Benelux 7KRPPHQ0HGLFDO%HQHOX[%9 (GLVRQZHJ%_/%,-VVHOVWHLQ 3RVWEXV $.,-VVHOVWHLQ_1HWKHUODQGV 7HO )D[ LQIREHQHOX[#WKRPPHQPHGLFDOFRP Canada 7KRPPHQ0HGLFDO&DQDGD,QF %XUORDN'U_6XLWH %XUOLQJWRQ21//%_&DQDGD 7HO 1RUWK$PHULFD )D[ 1RUWK$PHULFD LQIR#WKRPPHQPHGLFDOFD China 6KDQJKDL<XMLQJ7UDGLQJ&R/WG 5RRP*_)ORRU_-LD)D%OGJ 1R'D7LDQ5G 6KDQJKDL_&KLQD 7HO )D[ South Korea 'DPL0HGLFDO&R/WG )+DSMHRQJGRQJ0DSRJX 6HRXO_6RXWK.RUHD 7HO )D[ ZZZGDPLPHGLFDOFRP Italy 'HQWDO7UH\6UO 9LD3DUWLVDQL )LXPDQD_3UHGDSSLR)&_,WDO\ 7HO )D[ LPSODQWRORJLD#GHQWDOWUH\LW ZZZGHQWDOWUH\LW Spain/Portugal ,63,PSODQWH6XL]RGH3UHFLVLÐQ &/RVTXLQWRVQ &R[$OLFDQWH_6SDLQ 7HO )D[ LVS#GHQWDFDUHHV Japan -0RULWD&RUSRUDWLRQ FKRPH(VDNDFKR 6XLWD&LW\_2VDND_-DSDQ 7HO )D[ KWWSVSLGHQWDOSOD]DFRP Middle East 6WDU6FLHQFH,QWHUQDWLRQDO*PE+ -XSLWHUVWUDVVH %HUQ_6ZLW]HUODQG 7HO )D[ VWDUVFLHQFH#EOXHZLQFK Poland &:LWWL6SÐĜND6S]RR 7RUXĞXOİZ.DWDU]\Q\_3RODQG 7HO )D[ ZZZFZLWWGHQWDOSO ELXUR#FZLWWGHQWDOSO Switzerland 7KRPPHQ0HGLFDO6FKZHL]$* 3RVWIDFK_1HFNDUVXOPVWUDVVH *UHQFKHQ_6ZLW]HUODQG 7HO )D[ LQIR#WKRPPHQPHGLFDOFK Taiwan 7LQJ6LQJ7UDGLQJ&R/WG 1R_6HF_&KDQJ$Q(DVW5RDG 7DLSHL_7DLZDQ_52& 7HO )D[ ZZZWLQJVLQJFRPWZ USA 7KRPPHQ0HGLFDO86$//& Thommen Medical USA L.L.C. ,GHD&HQWHU_(XFOLG$YHQXH 1375 Euclid Avenue, Suite 450 &OHYHODQG2+_86$ Cleveland, OH 44115 | USA 7ROOIUHHSKRQHQXPEHU Toll-free phone number: +1-866-319-9800 )D[ Fax+1-216-583-9801 LQIRXVD#WKRPPHQPHGLFDOFRP [email protected] 5XVVLDQ)HGHUDWLRQ -6&*HRVRIWGHQW %XLOG$S\D0\WLVKFKLQVND\DXO 0RVFRZ_5XVVLDQ)HGHUDWLRQ 7HO)D[ ZZZJHRVRIWUX WKRPPHQ#JHRVRIWUX 6LQJDSRUH )21'$&23WH/WG .DNL%XNLW5RDG (XQRV7HFKQR/LQN 6LQJDSRUH_6LQJDSRUH 7HO )D[ IRQGDFR#IRQGDFRVJ 12/09 oF_o_22d150. 4 2d 6 0 0 .0 2001 1/ 11 narin i commun ica tions Tca MUS | Cleveland,OH France 7KRPPHQ0HGLFDO)UDQFH DYHQXH*DEULHO3LHUQÆ 5RLVV\HQ%ULH_)UDQFH 7HO )D[ LQIRV#WKRPPHQPHGLFDOIU Germany 7KRPPHQ0HGLFDO'HXWVFKODQG*PE+ $P5DWKDXV :HLODP5KHLQ_*HUPDQ\ 7HO )D[ LQIR#WKRPPHQPHGLFDOGH SWISS PRECISION AND INNOVATION. www.thommenmedical.com
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