FISHERIES VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT OF CARAMOAN
Transcription
FISHERIES VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT OF CARAMOAN
FISHERIES VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT OF CARAMOAN, CAMARINES SUR R. Muallil, S. Mamauag, M. Deocadez, F. Panga, J. Cababaro, L. Peñaflor WORKSHOP ON KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT TOOLS Acacia Hotel, Jakarta, Indonesia, 11-12 April 2013 RARE PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE FISHING IN THE PHILIPPINES (Philippines 2 Cohort) Friday, April 12, 13 TURF Scoring Exercise Demonstration Site: Caramoan, Camarines Sur v v v v Friday, April 12, 13 Vulnerability Exposure Sensitivity Potential Impact Adaptive Capacity Vulnerability Friday, April 12, 13 Vulnerability Assessment Potentia l Impact Adaptiv e Capacity Exposure Sensitivity Ability of the system to cope with changes Friday, April 12, 13 Vulnerabilit y IPCC 2007, Allison et al. 2009 TURF: Tool for Understanding Resiliency of Fisheries Friday, April 12, 13 S Sensitivity Fisheries Reef Ecosystem Friday, April 12, 13 Socioeconomic S Dominant Catch CRITERIA LOW 1 to 2 points MEDIUM 3 to 4 points HIGH 5 points What are the dominant catches in the area? catch predominantly pelagics (tuna, mackerel, etc) catch a mix of demersal and pelagic species catch predominantly demersal fish e.g. groupers Brgy. Score Bikal 5 Daraga 4 Gata 3 Oring 4 Friday, April 12, 13 S Catch Rate LOW 1 to 2 points MEDIUM 3 to 4 points HIGH 5 points > 8 kg per fisher per day (or equivalent CPUE) 3 to 8 kg per day (or equivalent CPUE) < 3 kg per day (or equivalent CPUE) CRITERIA What is the average catch rate in the area? Brgy. Score Bikal 4 Daraga 4 Gata 4 Oring 5 Friday, April 12, 13 S Gear dependence LOW 1 to 2 points CRITERIA What types of gears are predominant (dependence on habitats)? Brgy. Score Bikal 5 Daraga 4 Gata 4 Oring 3 Friday, April 12, 13 mostly mobile fishing gears (e.g. drift gill nets) MEDIUM 3 to 4 points HIGH 5 points considerable number of presence of both habitat-associated gears (e.g. types fixed on seagrass beds) S Abundance of exposure (wave)tolerant species LOW 1 to 2 points MEDIUM 3 to 4 points HIGH 5 points Pectoral-swimming fishes (labrids, scarids, acanthurids) greater than 50% mix of site-attached and mobile fish species; 15-50% pectoralswimming fish more abundant siteattached butterflyfish, angelfish, damsel fish; <15% pectoral-swimming fish CRITERIA How significant are wave-tolerant species, relative to the total abundance? Brgy. Score Bikal 4 Daraga 4 Gata 5 Oring 4 Friday, April 12, 13 S Density of coral-dependent fish species CRITERIA LOW 1 to 2 points MEDIUM 3 to 4 points HIGH 5 points What is the % to the total density of coral-dependent fish species in the area? (butterflyfishes) < 5% of the total density 5-10% of the total density > 10% of the total density Brgy. Score Bikal 2 Daraga 3 Gata 2 Oring 2 Friday, April 12, 13 S Habitat quality CRITERIA How much is the coral cover (%) in the area? Brgy. Score Bikal 3 Daraga 4 Gata 3 Oring 3 High Friday, April 12, 13 Low LOW 1 to 2 points MEDIUM 3 to 4 points HIGH 5 points > 50% coral cover between 25% and 50% coral cover < 25% coral cover S Population Density LOW 1 to 2 points CRITERIA < 200 per square kilometer (not crowded; sparsely distributed) What is the population density of the area? Brgy. Score Bikal 1 Daraga 1 Gata 1 Oring 1 Friday, April 12, 13 MEDIUM 3 to 4 points between 200 to 400 persons per square kilometer (moderately crowded) HIGH 5 points > 400 persons per square kilometer (very crowded) S Fisheries Ecosystem Dependency LOW 1 to 2 points CRITERIA What is the percentage of fishers to the total population? Brgy. Score Bikal 1 Daraga 5 Gata 3 Oring 5 Friday, April 12, 13 < 15% of the total population are fishers MEDIUM 3 to 4 points HIGH 5 points 15%-30% of the total > 30% of the total population are fishers population are fishers E Exposure: Wave Brgy. Bikal Daraga Gata Oring Friday, April 12, 13 Score AC Adaptive Capacity Fisheries Reef Ecosystem Friday, April 12, 13 Socioeconomic AC CRITERIA How large are the fishing grounds? Brgy. Score Bikal 3 Daraga 5 Gata 5 Oring 5 Friday, April 12, 13 Habitat Size and Condition LOW MEDIUM HIGH 1 to 2 points 3 to 4 points 5 points small areas of habitatlarge areas of habitatdependent fisheries (relative to intermediate sizes dependent fisheries the waters) AC Average size/amount of adult LOW 1 to 2 points CRITERIA MEDIUM 3 to 4 points What is the size composition mostly small, immature abundant of small but and the relative abundance of fish with few large fishes the catch? Brgy. Score Bikal 2 Daraga 2 Gata 5 Oring 2 Friday, April 12, 13 Inquire from the participants HIGH 5 points more abundant large fishes AC CRITERIA How frequent the occurrences and how abundant are the juveniles that are important in the fisheries? Occurrences of Juveniles LOW 1 to 2 points MEDIUM 3 to 4 points HIGH 5 points absence to minimal occurrence of juveniles (no known peak occurrence) few to medium level abundance during peak occurrence abundant juveniles during peak occurrence Brgy. Score Brgy. Bangus (milkfish) Tutus (Siganid) Lapu-lapu (grouper) Bikal 4 Bikal no Yes Yes Daraga 4 Daraga No Yes Yes Gata 4 Gata No Yes Yes Oring 4 Oring No Yes Yes Friday, April 12, 13 Others AC Change in Catch Composition CRITERIA LOW MEDIUM HIGH 1 to 2 points 3 to 4 points 5 points How significant are the changes in considerable changes in few changes in the no change in the catch the catch composition in the last 2 the last 2 decades last 2 decades composition decades? Friday, April 12, 13 Brgy. Score Bikal 1 Daraga 1 Gata 4 Oring 1 AC CRITERIA How large /small are the reef areas relative to the coastline? Brgy. Score Bikal 3 Daraga 5 Gata 5 Oring 5 Friday, April 12, 13 Extent of Habitats (coral reefs) LOW 1 to 2 points MEDIUM 3 to 4 points HIGH 5 points small reef areas; fragmented intermediate size of areas large reef areas AC CRITERIA Are there are adjacent habitats? What is the condition of the habitat? Brgy. Score Bikal 3 Daraga 5 Gata 5 Oring 5 Presence and Condition of Adjacent Habitats (Corals, Mangroves and Seagrass beds) LOW 1 to 2 points poor adjacent habitat quality/no adjacent habitats one habitat is of poor quality or very far HIGH 5 points presence of adjacent habitats w/ good conditions Corals Yes Yes Yes Yes Mangroves Yes Yes Yes Yes None Yes Yes Yes Dara ga Gata Oring Seagrass beds Bikal Poor Friday, April 12, 13 MEDIUM 3 to 4 points Fair Good Excellent AC LOW 1 to 2 points MEDIUM 3 to 4 points Per capita income is below the provincial poverty threshold If income is higher than the provincial poverty threshold up to 60% CRITERIA What is the annual per capita income from fisheries? Brgy. Score Bikal 4 Daraga 3 Gata 3 Oring 2 Friday, April 12, 13 Annual Per Capita Income from Fisheries HIGH 5 points If income is higher than 60% of the provincial poverty threshold AC LOW 1 to 2 points CRITERIA What is the % of the total where fishers have other sources of income? Brgy. Score Bikal 5 Daraga 2 Gata 5 Oring 4 Friday, April 12, 13 Percent of Fishers with Other Sources of Income MEDIUM 3 to 4 points HIGH 5 points < 40% of fishers have > 60% of the fishers 40%-60% of fishers have other sources of have other sources of other sources of income income income AC Annual Total Cumulative Income from All Other Sources LOW 1 to 2 points CRITERIA What is the total amount of all income? MEDIUM 3 to 4 points total cumulative income is total cumulative income total cumulative income below provincial poverty is higher than poverty is greater than 60% of threshold threshold up to 60% the poverty threshold Fishers with alternative livelihood Brgy. Score Bikal 3 Daraga 2 Gata 4 Oring 4 Friday, April 12, 13 HIGH 5 points Occupation of fishers’ wives Computation for Potential Impact (PI): 1 (S) Add the scores of the components of “Sensitivity”. 2 Convert scores into L, M and H categories “Rank” Friday, April 12, 13 Put it in “Total” cell. 4 From exposure model (E) 2 S and E to derive “Potential Impact” Use Computation for VULNERABILITY (V): Add the scores of the components of “Adaptive Capacity” 1 “Total” 2 “Rank” Convert scores into L, M and H categories Friday, April 12, 13 P.I. score (from previous (AC). Put it in 3 cell. 4 slide) AC and PI to derive “Potential Impact” Use 1 Reference to convert scores into L, M and H categories (“Rank”) 2 Reference to derive “Potential Impact” Reference to derive 3 “VULNERABILITY” Mamauag et al. Under review Friday, April 12, 13 Computation for Overall Vulnerability H Friday, April 12, 13 M L Results Friday, April 12, 13 Fisheries Friday, April 12, 13 Reef Ecosystem Friday, April 12, 13 Socioeconomic Friday, April 12, 13 Friday, April 12, 13