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REGISTERED BY AUSTRALIA POST •• PP3427801OO24
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Cichlid Scene
2
Editorial
Minutes of Previous Meeting
3
4
Spawning Herotilapia multispinosa (The Rainbow Cichlid) 6-9
Rowemin' 'Round
10
,. 16-18
Where the Duckweed?
Body Count
19
21
Jawlockings
Cichwords Solution
23
24
Keyhole
i
CLEANING SYSTEM
Pro-Clean Cllrlll' CII:;lllhll~ ~;y:.It·1I1 I~
the result of 12 IIH)lItll~ ,1l'VdllpIlHlIIl
and tesllng. Ills shllpk III W.ll, h',IVI:S
no harmful residue, Is hllld!·I~I.HI,lltll"
and does NOT hay!: Ill.: 11:111111'111
effects of olher dC<IIICI s.
Under normal" use WILL N( IT
President
Vice-President
Secretary
Editor
Treasurer
Social Secretary
Librarian
Show Secretary
Trading Table
Committee-at-Iarge
HARM YOUR FI8111
I"
ie: I part concentrate to 10
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parl~
w.lh,r
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" LIGHT CARPET & FABRIC STAINS
" I.lGII'!' DIRT STAINS ON PAIN'IEI) SI lHFACES
" BI\TII &; SIIOWEH ImCl~SSES
" TOILET BOWl.'), STOVE TOI'S
"HEFWGEHATOHS, PlASTIC &; I 'VC FUHNI'I'lJW';
"PISII TANI,S, PHE-IAlJNllHY STI\IN HEMOVEH
(I)() NOT I 'SE AT (11 11.1. SllU':NL:TII)
• (nl IER GENEHI\I, API 'I.lCI\TIONS
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Facsimiles
John McCormick
(059) 44 3502
Lynda Haymes
98882183
Graham Rowe
9560 7472
Oaryl Hutchins
9872 3225
Steve Young
93796820
Helen Rowe
9560 7472
Scott Haymes
9888 2183
Travis Hingston
98856818
John Reeves
98034109
Maurice Breward
97522103
Kevin Archibald
9782 1258
Aussie Magnussen
95462974
Jann Reeves
9803 4109
9872 3225/9560 7028
Reprints © Copyright, Victorian Cichlid Society Incorporated 1995.
'~.' :,.~;
.,
c;J
Lite Members: Graham Rowe, Heinz Staude, Kevin Archibald, Ke~h Patford, Oanny Genovese.
Honorary Members: Max Davenport, Or Angus Martin.
Committee Members:
CITRUS
t
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L::::J
":;
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.:;j.:
I
Anyone wishing to reprint material from any edition of 'The Cichlid Monthly' in their regular club
magazine (not other publications which are sold), may do so (unless the article itself carries a
copyright notice) provided due credit is given to the author and 'rCM' and one copy of the relevant
publication is forwarded to the author, care of the Secretary. Enquiries re the use of material in any
other publications may also be directed to:
THE SECRETARY
"
Contact Scott or Lynda on 9888 2183
VICTORIAN CICHLlD SOCIETY INC
c/- 23 Mangana Drive, Mulgrave, Victoria, Australia 3170
SUPPORT OUR ADUERTISERS
THEY ARE SUPPORTING YOU
1ft: NI:Xr MUHI'IN(~ wllll,.lltlild "" tllII IHIIIOlld I~rlday of the month
(11 I >"Ollllllllll' Wilt;) III 11.01l pilI 1111111 P (11111 IrlldlllrJ table opens
0111'11(1) III 1110 (:lIll1IY"ld IIlll"", NIIllllwlldlll1l Civic Centre;
Wllltllhol'llll Ilolld, Mltlllllllll IlilpI'f11 will IItl 1"\1'1111(011 of after the
IlllHilllIll' VlnHolo 11111, 01 00111 tIll, 1110111 wlIlilOlllll,
MINI TAI.K:
MAIN TALK:
()OOH PHllL!O:
"11,,
1"'olIlIlll nhrllllrluu, IlIlI 11111'111"",
m~
(ghri5tma5
Rnb R ORlJltlJ WelU IDettt
I.IlUllIUll,
DftAW PIiIZg9:
(;llIltlllllllrl I hllllplll
I IO/UIl 1Clod !lOll! IU/lY III Aqllllvull.
TABLE 9t10W:
KA, ~ lhClW 11 CUIlIIIlI Ar "Ill1111 11 Ill,
KI', ~111l1w 11 Ah hlllr , 11IvlII hlllll 11I1l11 "k" Vk:torlans.
Alms: The VCS woo formod \ly olnhllduphllhlll" Mnlah Ill';' n"d IhlllllMlOlIIIIO Iho first specialist
aquarist group in the Stalo of VllJlodll.ltulIlnltl HIt"n lun:
1. To promote the keeping of c1chllllu;
2. To gain and disseminate knowlodgo 01 c1chlklu, 11",11 hhhllll n"d ',UIIIMIIlIIIlhrough the use of
slides, films, books, lectures, practical cJomonlllrnllOJul, locnl lUll I "VUIII(J11I1 magazines, articles
by members and discussions wilh lellow momllOro or IIXI'OIIIIIII tlXl IIlIld;
3. To assist, in any way possible, the eslabliehrnenl and'ollllllhllllllllll<;O 01 opproved public
aquaria;
4. To be involved in the education of the general public with rouurd 10 IlIn bnnlllils 01 fishkoeping
(particularly cichlids), and the potentially harmful effects of animal rnlmnunngoment;
5. To promote fellowship between members;
6. To further the conservation of species and their natural habitats;
7. To further the identification, distribution, breeding, maintenance, and enjoyment of species in
the Family Cichlidae,
Disclaimer: The opinions expressed horein are those of the authors, and are not necessarily
those of the Editor of TCM or the committee of the VICtorian Cichlid Society Incorporated, Commu­
nication on subjects raised is encouraged.
Standing Sub-Committees
Fund-raising: Amanda Genovese - 9527 2546.
Accommodation: Daryl Hutchios.
Handbook: Daryl Hutchins.
BAA: John Reeves,
YES folks ... it's that time again, when even
crusty Editors have to be nice, So on behalf
of the huge, dedicated staff of TCM and myself ...
Mailing: Daryl Hutchios.
Constitution: Daryl Hutchins.
Species Maintenance: John Reeves,
** A Handy Yuletide Hint **
If you insist cm pUffing your fishes' presents in the hmk
on Christmas Eve •• wrap them all up In plastic first '
(the presents that is).
Once this edition is finished I get to have a little lay-off till it is time to put the
February edition together -- most of you will also have a little time on your hands. It
would be nice ~ you could spare a few moments to fax that article you now have the
time to put the finishing touches to (even nicer if you sent a copy on a floppy disk).
Even if you are saVing your masterpiece for the next Editor, please endeavor to
finish it so that you can hand it over at the AGM in March. There is nothing worse,
as a new Editor, than to have nothing to hold the covers apart for the first edition.
The Elaine Turner Memorial Art and Photographic Competition is normally
judged at the December meeting. Due to the fact that this has not been promoted (I
know, my fault) or mentioned at a general meeting, it has been put back to the
February meeting. (Dare I say -- probably a better time anyway?)
First comments have filtered back on Handbook #3. A couple liked it, another
thinks "the constitution is full of holes". Well, what can I say to the latter? Even the
constitution of this country has "holes" and "grey areas".
The society's previous constitution was rearranged by the Constitution
Subcommittee to group related rules together and remove "duplicate" rules. Then
the opportunity was given to all members, over a period of more than two years, to
make suggestions as to how the constitution could be improved. All suggestions
received that were not mutually exclusive (in these cases the subcommittee had to
decide which suggestion prevailed) were incorporated in the draft constitution
distributed to all members prior to the special meeting convened to ratify the final
document.
As much as I dislike stating the obvious _. the aforementioned special meeting
was the point at which you were expected to fill-in the holes. Unfortunately, only four
non-committee members (including myself) turned up. In your absence the
committee of the time decided to have a meeting of its own prior to the constitution
meeting. Despite having started late as a result, more than 90 minutes of the special
meeting was wasted on totally pointless discussion of whether a rule was new or
used, what number pre-existing rules usedto be and similar inane rubbish. The
point of this discussion is that ~ you don't put in when you have the opportunity, you
have no right to complain about the result. Gardeners have a happy knack of putting
rubbish into a bin and getting back good rich compost. Societies are more like
computers -- you put garbage in, you get garbage out.
Incidentally, the present constitution has fewer problems than the previous ones
and the things that have allowed problems to occur in the past have been rectified.
For inst.ance, a new-born baby can no longer run ~ __,
for preSident.
~\_
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ld: : : :
Minutes of the Previous General Meeting
The moeling oponod ul 11,10 pili with Ihu prullldunl In tho chair. He welcomed all who had
vonlurod oul in Iho rWIlY wllllllwr, All pl'llUunt, uxcupl lor .lason Pearson and Elias
lIiopoulo~ had rocolvod Ihulr IlIllUIlI,hlll, ApoloUlull woru roceived on behalf of Danny
Gonovoso, Michool COllurulI, AIIIII rllllllll/lllf, .hlllnlloovuG olld Allan Hawkins. Minutes
of tho proviQIIG muutlllU wuru /I(;(;Oplu(/ QIl 11 1110 11 on Illovud hy Corl Senlin and seconded
by .Jollrfly SI(\u<.lu,
ronsuror'o Ropoll: ()pllllinU IJrdwlUu
i\Ofj,II'l
hlCorllU
'1 i\ei\,OI~
(AIIOlloll unci Rafflo circa $650)
xpulldillll U
bi\O.O·'
Gloulnu I)ol(lll(:u
'130~.'JO
Torlll I)op0rllt: 15,707.33
This roport woo rocolvotl 011 u motioll movod by Aut/ulu MnUlIlIooulI and oeconded by
Maurico Broword,
Now mumbor Moliooo AIcQlrl wno lIul prulJullt to I'lll)ulvu lUll bud\lu.
Correspondonco: RollJh Flrmlll
UAA Inlormutlon
(incoming)
Mlchnol Trun
Mom!Jor6hlp Oppllclltlllll
noquollllul dohlldll 101 i"tulluctually disabled
AichllnJ Mllrphy
plloulluru
PAl
Avullublo"cichlid lIot
EDAS
Invllotlon to Ghriullrlu/l bronk-up
FNZAS
Information 1'0 roprllll
Whitehorse Council
1996 hall·hlro dotuulr Hlo confirmation
Jersey Shore AS
Chango of odclro
Correspondence was received on a motion movod by Sluw Huwklns and seconded by
Steve Young. After reminders of upcoming avonts, John Ruuvo!l gavo his auction report.
He felt that overall it had been a good auction. Tho VCS mado obout $650 from the day.
Prices were fair and reasonable fot sellers. It was a good sQllor!l and a good buyers day.
He thanked his helpers: Dave Thorn and Michael Collerell (moneychongors), Sen Thorn,
Stuart Ford and Travis Hingston (runners), Maurice Sreward and Lynda Haymes (ticket
sellers). He thanked Kathy Sreward for the magnificent bear. He thanked Helen Rowe
(supported by Graham) for her catering efforts. Last but definitely not least he thanked
Heinz Staude for his wonderful effort as auctioneer. He also thanked all those who turned
up. He was thanked from the floor for organising it.
In Fishheads, Scoll Haymes defeated Lynda Haymes and Cal'l Sentin. In
Cichlidheads, Daryl Hutchins defeated Jeffrey Staude and John Groves. All contestants
received small prizes from OSllmports. After a short break, a brief mini-auction was held.
Daron Proudlock, John Groves and Daryl Hutchins were thanked for their donations.
Graham Rowe and Scoll Haymes then conducted an interactive slide forum. They
were thanked for Iheir efforts. The SMC chairperson then mentioned that most members
had received their Cichlid Register. He thanked PCS, Scoll Haymes, Graham Rowe, Aart
Langelaar and Heinz Staude for their input. He would welcome input from any member.
Travis Hingston announced the Wardleys Table Show results and presented the
ribbons: KA -- 3rd Emie Hicks (Angel), 2nd Irene Alger (Angel), 1st John Groves (Discus).
KP -- 2nd Maurice Breward (Princess), 1st Scoll Haymes (Julidochromis dickfeldl). PC-­
Irene Alger's Angel. John Reeves was thanked for judging. The 3-month Encouragement
Award went to Maurice Sreward. Draw prize: 1st All Aquarium gift voucher -- John
McCormick, 2nd Aquavell-· Jeffrey Staude, 3rd Fuschia·· Lynda Haymes. Door prizes,
courtesy of OSllmports, were won by Maurice Sreward, Carl Bentin, Daron Proudlock,
Justin Hawkins, Erin Toal and John GrovesThe meeting adjourned al1 0.35 pm.
FRESHWATER FISH SPECIALIST
OPEN 6 DAYS
TUESDAY and WEDNESDAY
THURSDAY and FRIDAY
SATURDAY
SUNDAY
10.30
10.30
9.00
10.00
6.00 PM
9.00 PM
6.00 PM
6.00 PM
3 OLSEN ST, FRANKSTON
Phone 9783 2204
TRADE·INS OF LIVESTOCK WELCOME
From 'Kitsap Aquarian', July 1995.
Spawning Herotilapia multispinosa
(The Rainbow Cichlid)
By Rich and Pat Coogan
Where found: Costa Rica and Nicaragua.
Temperament: Tends to be a quiet fish most of the time, except
when spawning. Can be placed in a community tank.
Water
conditions:
Hardness and pH do not seem to be critical,
although extremes should be avoided. Temperature
range is between 22°C and 26°C. Ours were kept
between 23°C and 24°C, at a pH of 7.4 and a
hardness of 140 ppm.
Size:
Up to about 10 centimetres, although they have
been known to spawn at half this size.
Food:
Will generally eat anything. We fed a mixture of live
foods, frozen foods, freeze-dried foods and flakes.
Vegetable materials such as spirulina and zucchini
were added and eagerly taken.
Description:
Generally, are a golden-brown with a black lateral
stripe and blue highlights. The eye is red. They are
reported to develop a gray to black belly when
spawning or guarding fry, although this was not
noted in our fish (which may have been due to the
generally Iow-light conditions they were kept in).
There is no noticeable difference between the males
and females unless she is full of eggs according to
the reports we've read, although our females seem
to be consistently smaller.
ABOUT a year ago, Chuck and Jean Hall stopped by here when they
came into town from Portland for a dog show. They had brought us a pair
of Blue-Eyed Cichlidsabout which we have already written, and 15
Rainbow Cichlid fry from one of their spawnings. The only problem at that
time was that this was only a couple of months before the annual show,
and right in the middle of our kids' baseball season (if you have ever had
three kids involved on three different sports teams, you know just what I am
talking about). This meant that the fry were placed into a planted, 38-litre
tank (with a submersible heater and sponge-filter), and more or less
forgotten at other than feeding times. As we noted earlier, the fish were
provided with one or two meals a day (depending how many ball games
and practices there were) consisting of a wide variety of fish foods, about
half of which were live. We also gave away six of these fry to another
member of the club to work with, leaving us with nine 13-mm fry in the
38-litre tank.
Following our usual pattern of benign neglect, the fry prospered and
grew rapidly. Water changes were done every 10 days to two weeks, with
between 15 and 25 per cent of the water being changed each time. When
had the fry for about four months, Pat noticed that some of the smaller fish
were looking like they were being picked on. This led her to watching the
tank more closely and noticing what seemed to be spawning behavior,
although the specific players seemed to change.
She removed all but the two largest to another tank and placed three
rocks into the tank: a flat one on the right side, a vertical one in the middle
of the tank, and another vertical one to back of the left side. While Pat was
not certain that these two fish were a pair, we kind of figured that if nothing
..
All Aquarium & Pet Supplies P/L
(Cichlidarium)
8 Dunoon Crt, Mulgrave. Vic 3170
(off Police Road)
We specialise in
CICHLlDS. NATIVES, KILLlFISH. MARINES
and all other rare species.
EVERYTHING FOR THE AQUARIUM
Phone: (03) 9546 1025
Business hours:
Man-Sat 9 am-] pm; Sunday 11 am-5 pm.
Wednesday Closed.
Victoria's First and Original Cichlid Centre
happened for a period of time, we could begin playing "musical tanks" with
various fish until the magical combination occurred.
About a week later, Pat did a 20 per cent water change. The next day
we noticed eggs on the vertical side of the rock in the centre of the tank.
Unfortunately, the next day the eggs were gone, having been eaten by the
parents.
Talking with Wayne Yamashita one day, Pat happened to mention this
and Wayne suggested moving the rock to provide them with some privacy.
So, Pat switched their "chosen" spawning rock in the centre of the tank
with the one in the back left corner. A couple of weeks passed and once
again, following a water change, the fish spawned -- only to eat their eggs
again within 24 hours.
Beginning to get a little frustrated with these recalcitrant fish, Pat talked
to Wayne. This time they decided that leaving the lights on all the time
would discourage nocturnal snacking. After the next water change and
subsequent spawning, the lights were left on. This time it took the fish two
days to eat all the eggs. Progress, yes, but still a big disappointment.
The next time Pat talked to Wayne, he suggested adding a dither fish to
allow the parents to focus their aggression outside, away from their brood.
This might make them think that they needed to protect their eggs. Grab­
bing one of the smaller Rainbow
Cichlids from the other tank, it was
A VARIETY
introduced to the pair who immedi­
OF FOOD
ately took out their aggression on
it. Consequently, it hid away be­
hind the rock on the right-hand side
of the tank, and this seemed to
make the pair happy.
Following another water
change, the parents once again
spawned. This time, the eggs were
there for three days before
disappearing. Were the eggs eaten
or had the parents moved wrigglers
to a secluded pit? Not wanting to
upset things, we resisted the urge
to search for fry at this point.
Looking around a week later, Pat
was able to find one fry hiding in
the floating plants. One lone fry!
Must have been that the parents
AQUAVELL
had moved the fry after hatching
FROZEN FOOD
and then eaten them.
PACKAGED AND PRODUCED BY KIEBODY
Once again, a water change
PTY LID AUSTRALIA
brought about a spawning a couple
Keeps Your Fish
Happy and Healthy
of weeks later. This time, rather than letting the parents rear the fry (after
all, they were already convicting of eating their own babies), Pat removed
the dither fish and both parents after the fry had reached the free-swimming
stage. The reason for waiting this long was that the parents had already
demonstrated that they were able to care for the fry to this point and we
were stilt hoping to get the parents to raise them. Although, our patience
was growing rather thin by then.
It seemed like every time we passed the tank, we tried to find the fry and
make sure they were ok. We were never really sure that any were still
there, however, as the parents had moved them into a pit directly behind
the spawning rock. Finally, by the time they rose from the gravel in a cloud
of fry, the pressure and suspense just became too much and the adult fish
were pulled to make sure that the fry would survive.
The fry were fed newly hatched brineshrimp, powdered fry food, or finely
crushed spirulina flakes, two to three time a day. Their rearing tank
received a 10 per cent water change every three days for the first month
and then weekly thereafter. Of the approximately 100 fry that hatched, we
were able to raise about 40 of them to the 30-day mark and beyond. Since
we never found any dead fry, we suspect that the larger fry munched on
their smaller siblings.
Although this is a cichlid that is generally touted as being a good one for
beginners to work with,.as they spawn quite easily, it can be seen from this
that even "easy" fish can give someone trouble. Looking back on this
story, I suspect that our problem might have been that the parents were a
little too young and were just learning how to care for their fry. I believe that
if we had just been more patient, we would have been able to report, as
have so many others, that these fish are good parents and had the
pleasure of watching them care for their young. However, anyone
attempting to try to spawn these fish needs to remember that they do tend
to spawn every few weeks. At this time they become quite aggressive and I
have a hunch that if any fry remain in the tank during this time, they would
be seen as a threat to the new brood and harassed by the parents.
For the second Central American cichlid that we have attempted, I
suppose this story is pretty typical of hobbyists moving into a new portion of
the hobby, including all the phone calls to, and assistance from, more
experienced hobbyists.1t is because of all the help that we have received
over time that we have been able to spawn the number if fish that we have.
Hopefully, by writing articles like this, and talking with other hobbyists, we
can pay back some of the help that we have received in the past, as well as
what we continue to receive even today. To all of you -- thank you very
much.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Axelrod, Or H. R. et al. 'Exotic Tropical Fishes', expanded edition. Neptune City: TFH
Publications, Inc 1986.
Loiselle, P. V. 'The Cichlid Aquarium', 3rd edition. Morris Plains: Tetra Press 1985.
~.i~~l.l.ii.,)(
...
-- OlU etttittt l~+
~~~) t9lottttb l~+
"
~ ~O!
..
,~'J1UHIl1il
~~ MRIFL:
Phew! Another safe trip negotiated.
~ 'Cichlidae Communique'
'Cichlidae Communique'
+ ~ 'Cichlid Chatter'
.+.-~
+
l~
~
+
May/June
March/April ~
SepVOct
•
November ~
November
November
~
November •
AFC
November
'Sunfish'
EDAS
SCAS
October
November
'Shoreline'
Jersey Shore AS
October
~ Declined:
, 'Fishtales'
+~l
l-.~+
Pacific Coast CA
Pacific Coast CA
Greater Chicago CA
Pacific Coast CA
Great Laes CS
Tucson CA
NSW CS
, 'Cichlid Blues'
. - 'Cichlid Evening Post'
'Tucson Cichlid News'
~ 'Cichlid Circular'
, 'Revue Franyaise
des Cichlidophiles'
~
Ho! Ho! So many pine
trees, reindeer and inebriated ~
..
drivers that we would really ~
ere~
have to watch our step this
l~,>
month if there were any
'-' invitations we had to answer .~+
-- but for once, there are none. ~
~
~~
~
+
l~+
l~+
~fff'ffff'
Lapis fmxls are
and freshness.
f;"t"r1!':
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in Germany using the most advi'inGf:!d
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FERNTREE GULLY
AQUARIUMS
ESTABLISHED 23 YEARS
A Large range of Drygoods
Cichlids, Tropical and
Coldwater Fish
21 JANUARY 1996 .- 10 am-4 Dm
NOWATFTG
IN THE PICNIC AREA BEHIND NUNAWADING POOL,
HUSBAND ROAD NUNAWADING
BBQs -- Swimming -- and don't miss the inaugural
ves V EDAS VOLLEYBALL CHAMPIONSHIP
FULL WATER ANALYSIS
AUTOPSIES
PROBLEM SOLVING
LAB HOURS:
Friday - 6 pm to 9 pm
Saturday -- 10 am to 5.30 pm
Sunday - 10 am to 5.30 pm
Reptiles and all accessories.
Tanks made-up to
ANY SHAPE or SIZE.
Plants, Livefood, Rocks, Ponds.
Any enquiries? Ring George --
OPEN
7 DAYS
9758 2044
63 Station Street, Ferntree Gully
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can double their numbers in three days or less (the record is 16
hours) and a square-inch can cover more than an acre in less
than two months.
Second, it is has an exceptionally high protein content
compared with say, lucerne (17%) or even soybeans (37%).
Coupled with its rapid reproduction rate, this means that one
acre of Duckweed can produce as much crude protein in a year
as 60 acres of soybeans.
Third, Duckweed is relished by ducks and other waterfowl, by
cattle and pigs and even humans. Some fish also wolf it down -­
notably the Grass Carp which can convert two kilos of
Duckweed into one kilo of fish flesh, a better conversion rate
than rabbits (2-2.3), broilers (2.3), ducks (3.1-3.5) and pigs
(3.2-3.5) on their standard rations.
Duckweed also makes an excellent food for many
Il. plant-eating cichlids. The Texas Cichlid, for example, will eat
i'll! almost as much as you can put into the tank. Try it and you will
I
.,.
soon see which of your cichlids will eat it. Set up a large tank
outdoors (say under a tree where the leaves can fall into the
tank and break down to fertilise it) and throw some Duckweed
Il. into it. You will soon have the water in the tank covered with
I'll! Duckweed and you will be able to harvest it about three times
per week or more in the summer. (Make sure that the tank does
not overflow during heavy rain and wash your Duckweed out.)
,
But probably the most unique feature of Duckweed is its
Il. ability to scavenge metals from the water in which it grows. For
I'J! example, it concentrates boron (toxic to many plants and fish)
10 times more than any other plant. It can also concentrate
aluminium 60,OOO-fold, iron over 30,OOO-fold and copper 80,000,
fold.
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~ Lemna minor: the Common Duckweed
WHERE the Duckweed, which blankets your pond all
summer, stands in your estimation may be unprintable -­
:i.-but for ducks, some fish ("Heros" carpintis), and even
..,.. some people, Duckweed can be a staff of life.
A
Traditionally, Duckweed is collected in Africa, India and
~ south-east Asia, and used as manure or a fodder for cattle, pigs
and waterfowl. In northern Thailand, the tiniest species is
cultivated and forms a significant part of the diet as a poor
people's food.
There are several common genera of Duckweed. The one we
have around Sydney, Lemna minor, is worldwide -- but we also
have a version of the one eaten by the Thais, Wolffia arriza,
which is the size of a pinhead and is, in fact, the smallest
flowering plant on Earth.
..... The first remarkable thing about Duckweed is its phenomenal
. , . reproductive rate -- as every pond owner knows. The tiny plants
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Of course, Duckweed as we know it, has its limitations. It
i'll! blankets our fish ponds and is an almost ineradicable pest on
.,
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.,
.,
.,
small hydro-electric dams. Moreover, some species of Lemna
have large amounts of oxalic acid, which limits their use in
animal feeds.
A particular botanical problem is that Duckweed seldom sets
seed. This is a good thing, if the strain you want to propagate
has desirable properties, because then you can be sure that
each daughter plant is an exact copy of its parent.
But, on the other hand, if the Duckweed in your area has an
Il. undesirable trait (for instance, it is too high in oxalic acid) then it
I'll!t..Will, similarly, continue to reproduce plants with the same
undesirable trait through vegetative propagation.
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Ridding a whole area of
.,,- Duckweed with an undesirable
trait is obviously very difficult to
do mechanically. Oddly enough,
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an alternative .s~rategy coul~ ~e
by use of aspirin, yes, aSpirin,
&.
that time-honored remedy for the
relief of human aches and pains.
Well-documented research has
shown that many plants contain aspirin or aspirin-like
substances and that Duckweed in particular responds to a dose
of aspirin by growing bigger, greener and more profuse "fronds"
(as the tiny leaves are called) and, what is more important,
comes into bloom when normally it shouldn't.
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Once the undesirable Duckweed has flowered and set seed,
sexual reproduction will ensure a range of types with the
possibility that a more desirable type may take over. True, the
chances of an improvement may not be all that bright, but at
least the pond keeper, beset with this type of headache, has two
options -- he can either dose his Duckweed or for a more certain
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Bring along your
little ones and be in
the fun.
There is a trophy for
the Best Baby Under
3 Months and the
Best Baby 3-6 Months.
persons who belonged to an aquarium
club. Their names were Josephine
Somebody, George Anybody, Jaqueline
Everybody, and Samuel Nobody.
Everybody thought that she would like
to go to a club meeting but she figured
that Somebody wouldn't be friendly with
Anybody, so Nobody went.
~
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Everybody was asked to help run the
club but she figured surely Anybody
would want to, and at least Somebody
would do it, but Nobody did.
DON'T FORGET TO
BRING THE BABIES
Yes, the Baby Show will be
judged at the December
meeting.
~
~
~
~
...
When there is a job to do Everybody
agrees with Anybody that Somebody
will do it, but Nobody does it. So, let's
give Nobody a rest, and involve
Everybody and Anybody, so that we can
say our members are Somebody.
~
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~aWI.ckings
ne P/eddeftt It'Itd eOIlfIlf/ttee
oftltte
MOST people have a pretty heavy schedule at this time of year, but
hopefully, you can fit in one or two of these exciting excursions.
The one not to miss! The 1996 International Cichlid Conference in New
Orleans next July. Ring Gary on 0011 1 708 4336051 and he will tell you
who to talk to.
The Cichlid Classic is coming -- May/June next year. Bob, on 0011 1
708 736 9495, would love to hear from you so he can tell you all about it.
IPkltt ~ott It'ftd ~ott/ {It'lIft'ltj
&/1tie l!etlf Pea
(0/ eltt/ktllftW
It'ftd tltte NaP t(elt'/
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On 13 January, at Pacific Coast CA in San Jose, AI Castro will be telling
all about his travels in Belize. More details from Jojo on 0011 1 408 946
0392.
Envy Corner:
All prices are in US dollars, the currency of the country where these
beautiful fishes are being offered at these beau-ti-ful prices.
"Haplochromis" ovatus
2"
4.00
Aulonocara sp "Yellow Tanzania"
2"
3.50
Julidochromis ornatus
2"
2.00
"Haplochromis" moori
1"
1.00
Aulonocara sp "Blue"
1.5"
1.50
"Haplochromis Flameback"
2"
2.00
Cyphotilapia frontosa 6-bar
2"
7.00
Cichlasoma salvini
1"
.50
Geophagus steindachneri
1"
1.50
Aulonocara hueseri
1.75"
5.00
Copadichromis borleyi"Chilande"
2.25"
4.00
Pseudocrenilabrus philander victoriae
1"
3.00
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,_~""f~';:"" ~ ,.:4i~ . ",;~ •. '/I.~J::'. l't~", .. ...tI\'~ ••.• ~ ... ~"
y,~~.~.~.~.~.~.~.
. ;:l-iC niCXt
Gi:ni:~ALiOn
IN FISH FOOD HAS ARRIVED!
Introducing Ocean Star International
innovative Cichlid and Spirulina
floating/sinking pellets -- as well as the
best flake foods available.
ASK AT YOUR FAVORITE RETAILER
1­
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~·(fi-===­
MALVERN
".(g~,?
AQUARIUMS & Pet Supplies
IMPORTERS OF TROPICALS AND GOLDFISH
TANKS MADE TO ORDER
FULL RANGE OF PET ACCESSORIES
EXTENSIVE RANGE OF "BEnACARE" PRODUCTS
OPEN 6 DAYS -- CLOSED WEDNESDAY
54-56 Glenferrie Road, Malvern
Phone: 9509 1141
Present your VCS Membership Card and receive a 10% discount.
fA .SOLUTION TO LAST MONTH'S
CICHWORDS
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Keyhlle
"Keep your ear to the ground
and your eye to the Keyhole"
AFRICAN voyeurs will enjoy the view through the
keyhole this month. But all this information came from
the one source. Don't feel that your little snippet is too
small, or that everyone already knows -- ring or fax the
Editor or Secretary now. Participation breeds.
• Some very nicely colored Sciaenochromis fryeri (Electric
Blueslahli) have surfaced.
• A new bloodline of Neolamprologus ocellatus has been
imported.
• A new color/location form of Aulonocara ethelwynnae
has also been imported.
• Two other interesting Aulonocaras have also come into
the country recently -- "Eureka Red" and "Blue Neon".
Worth watching to see what they grow up to look like.
• Tropheus duboisi "Maswa" have also become available
recently.
(j()~II~(_ IJI)