Solutions for Coatings, Inks, Adhesives, Elastomers and Sealants

Transcription

Solutions for Coatings, Inks,
Adhesives, Elastomers
and Sealants
NACURE® & K-CURE®
Acid & Blocked Acid Catalysts
K-KAT®
Non-tin Catalysts for Urethanes
K-PURE®
Catalysts for Epoxies
K-FLEX®
Polyols and Reactive Diluents
NACORR®
Rust & Corrosion Inhibitors
K-SPERSE®
Dispersants
K-STAY®
Rheology Modifiers
DEOLINK® & DEOGRIP®
Specialty Silanes & Additives
DISPARLON®
Thixotropes & Surface
Control Additives
King Industries Coatings Additives Division
Technology Overview
Solutions Through
Chemistry
Since 1932, King Industries has been supplying specialty chemical products to a variety of
industries that are performance driven with ever changing requirements. This is especially true for
the coatings, inks, adhesives and sealant markets, the audience for this product guide. While the
brochure covers our standard products, this overview has been designed to give you a summary of
our areas of technical expertise and to urge you to contact us if you feel we may be of assistance for
your specific product needs.
Since 1932
CROSSLINKING CATALYSTS
With over four decades of experience in catalysis, King offers the industry’s broadest spectrum of
catalysts including:

Acid and blocked acid (latent) catalysts for amino thermoset systems

Non-tin, mercury-free catalysts for urethanes

Latent and super acid catalysts for the cationic cure of epoxies

Hydrophobic catalysts for the moisture cure of siloxane functional polymers
POLYOLS & REACTIVE DILUENTS
KING FACILITIES
USA
World Headquarters
King Industries, Inc.
Science Road
Norwalk, CT 06852
Phone: 203-866-5551
Fax: 203-866-1268
E-mail: [email protected]
EUROPE
Technical Sales Office
King Industries International, Inc.
Noordkade 64
2741 EZ Waddinxveen
The Netherlands
Phone: +31 182-631360
Fax: +31 182-621002
ASIA/PACIFIC
Technical Service Lab
Dr. Zhiqiang He
Synlico Tech (Zhongshan) Co., Ltd.
106 Chuangye Building, Kang Le Ave.
Torch Development Zone,
Zhongshan, China
Phone: +760-88229866
Fax: +760-88229896

Unique polyester polyols based upon low molecular weight, linear, saturated aliphatic structures
with pendent hydroxyl groups

Novel, low molecular weight diols with an all urethane backbone

Acetoacetate functional reactive diluents
CORROSION INHIBITION
King offers ferrous and non-ferrous protection for a wide variety of metals and systems based on
several unique platforms:

Sulfonate based rust and corrosion inhibitors

Modified trialzole compounds and amino acid derivatives
DISPERSANT TECHNOLOGY
Whether organic or inorganic pigments/fillers, King offers a variety of dispersant technologies
including:

Solvent free polymeric wetting and dispersing agents for solventless and epoxy systems

Sulfonate based dispersants for non-aqueous, solvent-free and powder systems

Organic wetting/dispersing agents for highly viscous systems such as ceramics, metal pastes
and sand-filled epoxies.
RHEOLOGY MODIFIERS

Unique sulfonate based modifiers for non-aqueous systems

Polyamide based thixotropes for aqueous and non-aqueous

Hydrophobically modified ethoxylated urethane thickeners for waterborne systems
SURFACE CONTROL ADDITIVES & SILANES
In addition to King’s internally developed products, the Disparlon® product line represents over 30
years of a technology alliance with Kusumoto Chemical Ltd. of Japan. The Disparlon line offers a
broad range of leveling, defoaming, anti-popping and anti-cratering additives for aqueous, solvent,
solventless, UV and powder systems. Similarly, King represents D.O.G Deutsche Oelfabrik of
Hamburg, Germany in North America for the technical sales of their products for coatings including
DEOLINK® silanes and DEOGRIP® soft feel/matting/anti-slip additives.
© All materials copyrighted 2012, King Industries, Inc., Norwalk, CT, USA
SB Solventborne
SYSTEMS
WB Waterborne

P
Powder
UV UV
PRODUCTS
PAGE
NACURE® & K-CURE®
SB WB
SB WB
P
SB WB
P
SB WB
K-KAT®
Non-tin Catalysts for Urethanes
UV
K-FLEX®
UV
K-PURE® CATALYSTS
Polyols & Reactive Diluents
Cationic Cure of Epoxies
SB WB
P
UV
NACORR®
SB
P
UV
K-SPERSE®
Rust & Corrosion Inhibitors
Wetting & Dispersing Additives
K-STAY®
SB WB
P
SB WB
P
DEOLINK® & DEOGRIP®
Specialty Silanes & Additives
UV
14
19
27
29
33
36
Rheology Modifiers
SB WB
3
DISPARLON®
Thixotropes & Surface Control Additives
Visit us at: www.kingindustries.com
King Industries, Inc is proud to be:
ISO 9001, 14001 and 18001 Certified
39
40
NACURE® & K-CURE® ACID & BLOCKED ACID CATALYSTS
NACURE® & K-CURE®
Why Use Catalysts?
Today’s need for
E
high solids and
Energy
waterborne
Required
Without
coatings requires
Catalyst
greater use of high
reactivity, low
viscosity resins
and crosslinkers.
Conversion of
these systems into
ECAT
Energy Required
tough, chemically
With Catalyst
resistant, high
performance coatings at reduced cure temperatures can be accomplished
with the use of a catalyst.
Acrylics, alkyds, epoxies and polyesters with reactive
functional groups, such as hydroxyl carbamate, siloxane
or amide can be reacted with melamine, urea and benzoguanamine crosslinkers. The proper use of catalysts
can facilitate the crosslinking reaction resulting in the
following benefits:
Catalyst By Acid Type
Acid
Type
Shorter cure schedules

Lower cure temperatures for thermoset high
solids and waterborne coatings

Energy savings

Improved hardness, gloss, humidity and
corrosion resistance

Improved mechanical properties
Dinonylnaphthalene
Disulfonic Acid
HO3S
C9H19
H19C9
SO3H
NACURE 155
NACURE 3327
NACURE 3525
NACURE X49-110
NACURE 1051
NACURE 1323
NACURE 1419
NACURE 1492
NACURE 1557
NACURE 1953
NACURE 5076
NACURE 5225
NACURE 5414
NACURE 5528
NACURE 5925
K-CURE 1040
K-CURE 1040W
NACURE 2107
NACURE 2500
NACURE 2501
NACURE 2522
NACURE 2530
NACURE 2547
NACURE 4000
NACURE 4054
NACURE XC-235
NACURE 4167
NACURE 4575
K-CURE 129B
NACURE 8924
NACURE XC-194K
DNNSA
Dinonylnaphthalene
Sulfonic Acid
H19C9
C9H19
SO3H
Dodecylbenzene
Sulfonic Acid
C12H25
SO3H
p-TSA
King Industries continues to develop catalysts to meet
the ever expanding needs of a rapidly changing market.
Blocked
Catalysts
DNNDSA
DDBSA

Acid
Catalysts
p-Toluene
Sulfonic Acid
CH3
Free Acid Or Latent Catalyst?
SO3H
While acid catalysts provide the fastest cure and lower
curing temperatures, blocked or latent catalysts are
typically chosen for systems requiring greater package
stability. In addition, troublesome catalyst-pigment
interaction can be reduced or eliminated with the use
of blocked catalysts.
As can be seen in the table which follows, King’s
catalyst line is based upon a variety of acids. The
middle column denotes the free acid versions while the
far right column shows amine blocked or covalently
bonded derivatives for applications requiring extended
package stability.
Phosphates
AAP/PAP
Alkyl Acid Phosphates
Phenyl Acid Phosphates
Other & Mixed
Acids
Product Offerings
Crosslinking Agent
The table to the right, matches the type of crosslinking
agent and the acid catalyst most suitable for each class.
Acid
Types
Strong Acids
pKa<1
P-TSA
DNNDSA
DDBSA
DNNSA
Fully alkylated
monomeric M/F resins:
Fully methylated
Fully butylated
Mixed ethers
Urea formaldehyde resins
Benzoguanamine resins
Glycoluril resins
The type of crosslinker used will also affect the choice of
catalyst. High solids and waterborne coatings are typically formulated with monomeric crosslinkers such as
hexa(methoxymethyl)melamine (HMMM) or mixed ether
melamine; reaction of these crosslinkers with hydroxy or
carbamate functional groups is best achieved with strong
acid catalysts like DNNDSA or p-TSA.
More reactive crosslinkers, which are more polymeric but
contain high levels of -NH groups, respond better to a
weaker acid such as acid phosphates or low dosages of
amine blocked sulfonic acids.
General Acid
Category
Highly alkylated, high
imino M/F resins
Partially alkylated
polymeric M/F resins
Weak Acids
pKa 1-3
Phosphates
Metal Salts
Carboxylic
Acid
RELATIVE ACID STRENGTH:
p-TSA>DNNDSA>DDBSA>DNNSA>Phosphates>Carboxylates
King offers a broad selection of catalysts to satisfy
almost every possible curing parameter. Relative
cure profiles for NACURE Blocked Catalysts are
shown below.
Cure Profiles - Blocked Catalysts
Relative Cure Profiles for NACURE Blocked Catalysts
for Amino Crosslinked Systems
35
30
N-2500
N-8924
N-2530
Cure Time, Minutes
25
N-2558
N-2107
N-2547
N-3327
N-5414
N-3525
N-5528
N-5225
N-5925
X49-110
20
N-1419
N-4575
N-4167
N-1323
15
N-1953
10
5
The chemical structure of the catalyst, as well as the
quantity used, can have a profound impact on film properties such as adhesion, corrosion resistance, flexibility and
impact resistance. These observations are apparent not
only among varying acid types but also among different
products within the same chemical family.
Coil conditions up to 220C
N-1323, N-1953, N-1419, N-1557
0
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130 135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
o
Cure Temperature, C
Pages 3 & 4
Catalyst Selection Chart by Application
PRODUCT SELECTION: The application charts that follow can be used to arrive at good starting point product recommendations based upon King’ s decades of experience in catalysis. However, we strongly recommend given the
complexity of the selection process and the subtle nuances of each individual product that you take advantage of our
Technical Service Department who will be more than happy to assist you. They can be quickly reached either by email:
[email protected] or phone: (203) 866-5551 for assistance.
KEY TO CATALYST TYPE - (PAGE #)
DNNDSA (7)
DNNSA (8)
DDBSA & OTHER (9)
p-TSA (10)
Metal Substrates
Primers
Solventborne
Waterborne
NACURE
1419
NACURE
155
Best Overall
Best Overall
NACURE
3525
Solubility
NACURE
1051
Corrosion
Resistance
NACURE
1323
High
Temperatures
NACURE
3525 &
X49-110
Package
Stability
Topcoats
Coil, Appliance
Can
General Industrial
Solventborne
Waterborne
Solventborne
Waterborne
NACURE
5076*
NACURE
2500
NACURE
1051
NACURE
2500
NACURE
2500
NACURE
2547
Best Overall
Best Overall
Best Overall
Best Overall
Best Overall
Best Overall
NACURE
5925*
NACURE
2558
NACURE
1323 & 1953
NACURE
X49-110
NACURE
155
Package
Stability
NACURE
2500
Blister
Resistance
High Bake
Systems
Package
Stability
Moisture
Resistance
Rapid Cure
NACURE
3525
NACURE
X49-110
Adhesion
Package
Stability
NACURE
X49-110 &
3525
NACURE
155
Moisture
Resistance
NACURE
3525
Adhesion
NACURE
1419
Corrosion
Resistance
NACURE
3525
NACURE
2107
Adhesion &
Stability
Textured
Finish
* Complaint FDA 21 CFR, Sec. 175.300 (b) (3) xii & Xiii (a&b)
Solventborne
Waterborne
Adhesion
Catalyst Selection Chart by Application
Primers
Plastics
Topcoats: Basecoats & Clearcoats
Solventborne
Waterborne
Solventborne
Waterborne
Solventborne
Waterborne
NACURE
X49-110
NACURE
155
NACURE
2500
NACURE
155
NACURE
155
Best Overall
Best Overall
NACURE
5528 &
5225
Best Overall
Best Overall
Best Overall
NACURE
2500
NACURE
5225
Rapid Cure
UV Durability
K-CURE
1040
NACURE
2500
Rapid Cure
Rapid Cure
NACURE
3525
NACURE
2547
Intercoat
Adhesion
Stability
Best Overall
NACURE
3525
Solubility &
Adhesion
NACURE
3525 &
X49-110
Solubility &
Adhesion
Wood & Paper Substrates
Solventborne
Waterborne
K-CURE
1040
K-CURE
1040W
Best Overall
Best Overall
K-CURE
129B
K-CURE
129B
Rapid Cure
Rapid Cure
NACURE
2530
NACURE
8924
Package
Stability
Package
Stability
NACURE
155
NACURE
155
Moisture
Resistance
Moisture
Resistance
Adhesives, Sealants & Inks
Adhesives, Sealants
Inks
Solventborne
Waterborne
Solventborne
Waterborne
NACURE
155
NACURE
155
NACURE
155
NACURE
155
Best Overall
Best Overall
Best Overall
Best Overall
K-CURE
1040
NACURE
3525
NACURE
1051
Rapid Cure
Adhesion
NACURE
3525
Moisture
Resistance
Adhesion
K-CURE
1040W
Rapid Cure
K-CURE
1040W
Rapid Cure
Automotive
Pages 5 & 6
DNNDSA Catalysts
Advantages of Dinonylnaphthalene Disulfonic Acid
(DNNDSA) catalysts include:




The adhesion advantages of DNNDSA are also evident
when compared to DDBSA. A significant improvement
was observed when crosshatch adhesion tests were
conducted on untreated aluminum panels
Excellent adhesion properties
Superior corrosion & moisture resistance
Detergent resistance
Excellent for solventborne and waterborne
coatings
Property
Pencil Hardness
A polyester/HMMM general industrial enamel catalyzed
with blocked DNNDSA catalyst NACURE X49-110
demonstrates (in the chart below) its superior crosshatch
adhesion performance compared to a blocked p-TSA
catalyst at a 150°C cure schedule. Enamels were applied
to iron phosphated and untreated aluminum panels.
DNNDSA
N X49-110
DDBSA
(Blocked Cat.)
Cure Schedule: 15 minutes @ 150°C
ADHESION TESTS
Property
DNNDSA
NACURE 3525
H-2H
H-2H
Pendulum Hardness
116
116
Adhesion to
Untreated Aluminum
90%
20%
P-TSA
(25%, Amine)
Cure Schedule: 15 minutes @ 150°C
Pencil Hardness
H-2H
2-3H
Adhesion to
Phosphated CRS
96%
24%
DNNDSA Acid Catalysts
PRODUCT
Acid Type
Volatile
%
Active
Acid #
or pH
lbs./gal.
Gardner
Color
Minimum
Cure*
NACURE
155
DNNDSA
Isobutanol
55
112-116
8.16
12 max.
RT
Attributes/Uses
General purpose catalyst. Excellent water, detergent and salt spray
resistance.
DNNDSA Blocked Catalysts
NACURE
3327
DNNDSA
NACURE
3525
DNNDSA
NACURE
X49-110
DNNDSA
Isobutanol
Isopropanol
Isobutanol
Isopropanol
Isobutanol
Isopropanol
Better solubility than other amine
blocked DSA catalysts.
25
6.5 - 7.5
7.40
N/A
107C
25
7.0 - 8.5
7.65
10 max
120C
Better solubility than X49-110,
slower curing. Good salt spray
resistance and adhesion.
25
6.5 - 7.5
7.55
10 max
90C
Best overall properties. Excellent
water and corrosion resistance,
and adhesion.
* Cure Schedule: 30 minutes - Resin/Urea (60/40 ratio), ** PMT - Peak Metal Temperature
DNNSA Catalysts







0.32% p-TSA
Hydrophobic catalyst
Excellent corrosion resistance
Overbake resistance
Excellent resistance to telegraphing
Excellent substrate wetting properties
Help reduce conductivity in coating
Excellent for primers and coil coating
applications
Both DNNSA
and DNNDSA
Catalysts
offer superior
corrosion
resistance over
other acid types
such as p-TSA
as shown to the
right. Photos of
300 hours salt
spray.
0.9% DNNSA
In the photographs above, resistance to telegraphing
of surface imperfections over oily substrates is
demonstrated. A skin cream containing oil was
applied to the hand and imprinted onto the steel test
panel prior to coating with a high solids acrylic
enamel. DNNSA catalysis improves wetting and
reduces telegraphing of metal surface variations.
Blocked p-TSA
Blocked DNNSA
DNNSA Acid Catalyst
PRODUCT
NACURE
1051*
Acid Type
Volatile
%
Active
Acid #
or pH
lbs./gal.
Gardner
Color
Minimum*
Cure
50
60-64
8.16
N/A
125C
DNNSA
2-Butoxyethanol
Attributes/Uses
Best water and corrosion
resistance. Recommended for high
temperature applications on metal.
* NACURE 1051 is an excellent catalyst for anodic acrylic electrocoating.
DNNSA Blocked Catalysts
NACURE
1323
DNNSA
Xylene
21
6.8 - 7.5
7.43
N/A
150C
High temperature applications.
Excellent solubility in aromatic
and aliphatic solvents.
NACURE
1419
DNNSA
Xylene/MIBK
30
N/A
7.74
N/A
150C
Electrostatic spray. High bake
applications for water, detergent
and salt spray resistance.
NACURE
1557
DNNSA
25
6.5 - 7.5
7.56
N/A
150C
Resolves solvent popping in thick
films. Excellent humidity and
detergent resistance.
25
6.5 - 6.9
7.48
N/A
150C
High bake amino crosslinked
systems such as coil coatings
and metal decorating.
NACURE
1953
Butanol
2-Butoxyethanol
DNNSA
Butanol
2-Butoxyethanol
* Cure Schedule: 30 minutes - Resin/Urea (60/40 ratio)
Catalysts based on Dinonylnaphthalene (Mono) Sulfonic
Acid (DNNSA) offer the following advantages:
Resistance to Telegraphing
Pages 7 & 8
DDBSA Catalysts & Other Blocked Acid Catalysts
Some of the key benefits of using Dodecylbenzene Sulfonic
Acid (DDBSA) catalysts include:





Broad solubility
High gloss
UV resistance
Excellent compatibility in high solids and waterborne coatings
Excellent for automotive basecoats
and topcoats
CORROSION RESISTANCE
NACURE XC-194K
Coil Primer
500 Hours Salt
Fog Exposure
Cure Schedule:
25 mins. @ 325°C
PMT @ 235°C
Additionally, select DDBSA catalysts comply with FDA 21
CFR, Sec. 175.300 (b) (3) xii & xiii (a&b) and EC Directive
10/2011 as shown below.
Control: Loss of coating
in scribe area and #6-7
medium blisters on
70-80% of the surface.
NACURE XC-194K and NACURE 8924 are newer blocked
acid catalysts designed for specific performance criteria.
NACURE XC-194K is for primers containing anti-corrosive
pigments and NACURE 8924 is for fast cure and stability in
waterborne formulations.
NACURE XC-194K:
No loss of coating in
scribe area after 500
hours salt spray.
DDBSA Acid Catalyst
PRODUCT
Acid Type
Volatile
%
Active
Acid #
or pH
lbs./gal.
Gardner
Color
Minimum
Cure*
NACURE
5076
DDBSA
Isopropanol
70
130-140
8.27
4
RT
Attributes/Uses
Complies with FDA 21 CFR,
Sec. 175.300 (b) (3) xii & xiii (a&b)
and EC Directive 10/2011.
DDBSA Blocked Acid Catalysts
NACURE
5225
DDBSA
Isopropanol
25
6.0 - 7.0
7.40
2
120C
Best solubility in high solids
enamels. Good solubility in
aliphatic solvents.
NACURE
5414
DDBSA
Xylene
25
N/A
8.30
4
130C
Excellent electrostatic spray (nonaqueous). Good intercoat adhesion.
Blister resistant.
NACURE
5528
DDBSA
Isopropanol
25
7.0 - 8.0
7.50
2
120C
Broad solubility.
Excellent color stability.
NACURE
5925
DDBSA
Isopropanol
25
7.0 - 7.5
7.50
2
120C
Complies with FDA 21 CFR, Sec.
175.300 (b) (3) xii & xiii (a&b)
20
12-15
6.70
10 max
140C
PMT**
Amino crosslinked primers containing basic or ion exchange type
anticorrosive pigments
25
8.5
9.1
1
RT
Other Blocked Acid Catalysts
NACURE
XC-194K
OTHER
Hydrocarbons
Ester Solvents
NACURE
8924
OTHER
Water
* Cure Schedule: 30 minutes - Resin/Urea (60/40 ratio), **PMT - Peak Metal Temperature
Balance of rapid cure/stability in
waterborne formulations.
p-TSA/Mixed Acid Catalysts
200°F
225°F
Catalysts based on para-Toluene Sulfonic Acid
(p-TSA) or alkane sulfonic acid blends offer the
following benefits:
250°F
140





Pendulum, cycles
120
100
80
60
Fastest cure response
Low temperature cure
Excellent UV resistance
Excellent gloss
For solventborne and waterborne
coatings
40
The graph to the left demonstrates the low temperature cure capabilities of a blocked p-TSA
catalyst as measured by pendulum hardness.
The coating is a high solids polyester/HMMM
clearcoat formulation that was baked at three
different temperatures for 15 minutes. Superior
hardness develops at 200-225° F bakes when
the p-TSA catalyst is used.
20
0
DDBSA
p-TSA
p-TSA and Mixed Acid Catalysts
PRODUCT
Acid Type
Volatile
%
Active
Acid #
or pH
lbs./gal.
Gardner
Color
Minimum
Cure*
K-CURE
1040
p-TSA
Isopropanol
40
130-140
8.25
1
RT
K-CURE
1040W
p-TSA
Water
40
130-140
9.40
2
RT
As above, non-flammable for
waterborne applications.
K-CURE
129B
Methanol/n-Butanol
50
200-210
8.90
1
RT
Fastest cure.
Wood and paper coatings.
Mixed Acids
Attributes/Uses
Highest gloss. Fast cure. Excellent weathering and exterior
durability.
p-TSA and Mixed Acid - Blocked Catalysts
NACURE
2107
p-TSA
Isopropanol
25
8.0 - 9.0
7.57
1
90C
Good metal mark resistance.
Fast cure.
NACURE
2500
p-TSA
Isopropanol
26
6.0 - 7.0
8.15
1
80C
Low temperature cure.
Excellent stability.
25
6.0 - 7.2
8.01
1
80C
Slightly higher resistivity than
2500. Better ketone solubility.
25
5.7 - 6.5
7.90
1
80C
Low temperature cure.
Low tendency to yellow or
wrinkle.
25
8.6
9.18
1
90°C
Easy incorporation into aqueous
systems
25
4.0
9.60
1
90°C
Effective in controlling wrinkling,
popping & blistering in HS systems
NACURE
2501
NACURE
2530
NACURE
2547
NACURE
2558
TSA
Methanol
Isopropanol
p-TSA
Methanol
Isopropanol
p-TSA
Water
P-TSA
Ethylene Glycol
160
Pages 9 & 10
Weak acid catalysts based on phosphate chemistries are
recommended for:



Partially alkylated, high imino and polymeric
melamine crosslinkers
Hybrids and carboxy-epoxy coatings
Siloxane crosslinking
120
100
They offer:


% Adhesion to Aluminum & Steel
% Adhesion
Phosphate Catalysts
Excellent gloss and chemical resistance
Excellent adhesion properties
80
60
40
20
The graph to the right compares the adhesion advantage
that NACURE 4000 shows in comparison to two commercial
phosphate catalysts when used to catalyze an acrylic/
polymeric melamine clearcoat.
0
Phos. A
Phos.B
Aluminum
N-4000
Steel
Phosphate Acid Catalyst
PRODUCT
NACURE
4000
NACURE
4054
NACURE
XC-235
Acid Type
Volatile
%
Active
Acid #
or pH
lbs./gal.
Gardner
Color
Minimum
Cure*
Alkyl Acid
Phosphate
100
650
11.8
1
80°C
Alkyl Acid
Phosphate
50
155-165
7.59
1
110°C
Acid
Phosphate
75
300
9.25
1
110°C
25
6.8 - 7.5
7.16
2
80C
25
6.5 - 7.5
8.20
2
90C
25
7.0 - 8.0
8.30
2
100C
Attributes/Uses
Broad solubility and excellent
adhesion, Good package
stability.
Excellent adhesion.
Siloxane Crosslinking.
Recommended with high imino
and partially alkylated melamine
type crosslinkers
Phosphate Blocked Catalysts
NACURE
4167
Acid Phosphate
NACURE
4167W
Acid Phosphate
NACURE
4575
Acid Phosphate
Isopropanol
Isobutanol
Water
Isopropanol
Methanol
Butanol
Blocked phosphate for high
NH/polymeric melamines. Siloxane crosslinking.
Aqueous systems using high
NH/polymeric melamines.
High gloss. Superb storage
stability with polymeric amino
resins.
Formulating Information - Use Levels
The two charts which follow provide general information on typical catalyst use levels by acid type based on a 30 minute
cure schedule for a typical binder resin/HMMM ratio of 75/25. The percentage of catalyst shown is as supplied based on
total resin solids. A ladder study of catalyst levels should be conducted to optimize the formulation.
Do not over catalyze. Using too much catalyst can be a costly mistake and one that can cause film properties to suffer
significantly.
Acid Catalysts - Typical Use Levels
2.75
Catalyst Use Level, % by Weight
2.5
N-1051 (DNNSA)
2.25
N-155 (DNNDSA) K-1040 (pTSA) N-5076 (DDBSA)
2
1.75
1.5
1.25
1
0.75
0.5
0.25
0
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
Cure Temperature, °C
Blocked Catalysts - Typical Use Levels
6.5
6
Blocked DNNSA
Catalyst Use Level, % by Weight
5.5
Blocked DNNDSA or DDBSA
Blocked pTSA
5
4.5
4
3.5
In general, the time and temperature conditions of cure will determine the correct catalyst for the application. Strong
acids with typical pKa strengths of approximately 0.5-0.7 should give equivalent rates of cure at equal molar concentrations of the acid group. Blocked catalysts will demand higher temperatures for full activation, and the pKa of the
blocking agent attached to the acid will also influence the rate of reactivity.
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
Pages 11 & 12
0.5
0
60
75
90
105
120
135
150
Cure Temperature, °C
165
180
195
210
Formulating Information - Incorporation
Methods of Incorporation
As with any component in a coating, the level, method and order of addition may mean the difference between formulation success or failure. When incorporating acid and blocked acid catalysts the following factors should be considered:



Method of mixing
Solvents present
Pigments present



pH sensitivity of resins
Temperature at time of addition
Stability/pot life requirements
It is generally good practice in high solids coatings to pre-dilute a catalyst with butanol or isopropanol before adding it
to the paint. Stirring during the addition can help avoid pigment shock and the generation of “hot spots” - although
with amine neutralized or blocked catalysts, these problems are rare.
In some cases, blocked catalysts can even be added to the pigment grind for uniform dispersion and improved
solubility. The decomposition or reactivity temperature of the catalyst, though, should be safely above the grind
temperature.
King Industries’ products are typically supplied in a common solvent such as alcohol that will allow simple
post-addition after milling of pigments and letdown with resins and solvents.
Systems that are viscous, or those sensitive to pH differences induced by an acid component. Such systems
often require further pre-dilution with alcohol. Blend the catalyst with an alcohol such as n-butanol or isoproponal at
1:1 ratio. Extremely sensitive systems may require the use of a blocked acid catalyst with a neutral or basic pH value.
Mixed solvent systems with some products that are less soluble than others. In these cases, incorporate the
catalyst in the more compatible resins and solvents before adding less soluble components.
Waterborne systems that can suffer from rapid pH changes. Waterborne systems are generally formulated to a
final pH range of 8-9. Use of a blocked catalyst in such systems will prevent the rapid pH changes that can upset the
balance of resin solubility and cause a flocculated or gelled formulation.
Formulations that include a pigment with high oil absorption characteristics. Hydrophilic catalysts such as
p-TSA are not recommended in such cases. A more hydrophobic blocked catalyst such as DNNSA is recommended.
The chart below shows the relative hydrophobicity of different catalyst types.
Hydrophilic
p-TSA > DDBSA > DNNDSA > DNNSA
Hydrophobic
K-KAT® Non-Tin, Mercury-Free Urethane Catalysts
K-KAT catalysts additionally offer a number of
performance advantages, including:

K-KAT® catalysts are metal compounds that are designed
to accelerate the reaction of polyols with isocyanates.
These catalysts are more environmentally acceptable than
catalysts that contain tin or mercury.





Selectivity in the presence of moisture,
less gassing
Improved pot life/cure time relationship
Mercury-like cure profile in elastomers
Less toxic than tin and mercury catalysts
Catalysis of secondary hydroxyl groups
Cold temperature cure response
K-KAT Catalyst Selection Chart - Coatings
Tin alternative (Coatings)
2K Polyurethane
1K Blocked NCO
Waterborne
Solventborne
Solventless
Solventborne
Waterborne
K-KAT XK-614
K-KAT XK-635
Add to polyol side
Efficient/Selective
Highly Efficient
Non-yellowing
K-KAT XK-635
K-KAT 6212
Add to NCO side
Selective
K-KAT XK-635
K-KAT XK-635
Good Gloss
With MEKO
Blocked NCO
Efficient
K-KAT XC-B221
K-KAT XK-614
Good Hydrolytic
Stability
Good Hydrolytic
Stability
K-KAT XK-639
K-KAT XK-639
DMP Blocked
NCO
Good Hydrolytic
Stability
K-KAT® URETHANE CATALYSTS
K-KAT catalysts are used in a wide range of urethane
applications including coatings, elastomers and in
prepolymer synthesis.
K-KAT 4205
Selective
Fast tack free time
Prepolymer Synthesis
K-KAT 5218
Long pot life
with 2,4-PD
K-KAT XC-B221
Efficient
Non-persistent
K-KAT 6212
Add to NCO side
Selective
Pages 13 & 14
K-KAT Catalyst Selection Chart - Elastomers
Mercury Alternative (Elastomers)
Aromatic NCO
Aliphatic NCO
(Cure Profile - Closest to Hg)
(Cure Profile - Closest to Hg)
K-KAT XK-618
K-KAT XK-604
Best Compatibility
Best Selectivity
(less gassing)
K-KAT XK-617
K-KAT XK-617
K-KAT XK-604
Best Selectivity
(less gassing)
K-KAT Catalysts for Coatings
Use Levels
K-KAT
Metal
XC-B221
Bi carboxylate
0.03-2.0
Similar to DBTDL - effective in 2K and blocked isocyanate coatings.
Specially designed for European formulations.
348
Bi carboxylate
0.03-1.0
Similar to DBTDL - effective in 2K and blocked isocyanate coatings.
Al Chelate
1.0-2.0
Excellent 2K urethane pot life when used with 2,4-pentanedione. Add
pentanedione to polyol component before K-KAT 5218 addition.
XK-614
Metal Complex
0.05-1.0
Most versatile. Effective in 2K waterborne and blocked isocyanate
systems. Also effective in urethane elastomers. Add to polyol.
XK-635
Metal Complex
0.1-1.0
Very effective in solventborne and solventless 2K urethanes and 1K
blocked isocyanate systems. Good with MEKO Blocked NCO.
XK-639
Metal Complex
0.5 - 1.5
Effective alternative to tin catalysts for DMP Blocked NCO.
4205
Zr chelate
1.0-2.0
Good pot life, recommended for 2K coatings. Selective catalysis (less
gassing)
6212
Zr chelate
0.3-2.0
Selective coating/elastomer catalysis (less gassing). Good elastomer
gel profile. Add to NCO
5218
Attributes
(% on resin solids)
K-KAT Catalysts for Elastomers
XK-604
Mixed carboxylate
0.1-1.0
Very good gel profile in ambient cure 2K urethane elastomer systems
XK-617
Mixed carboxylate
0.1-1.0
Excellent gel profile in ambient cured 2K urethane elastomer systems
Slightly less selective than XK-604
XK-618
Mixed carboxylate
0.1-1.0
Best gel profile in ambient cured 2K urethane elastomer systems Less
selective than XK-617
K-KAT Performance In Coatings
Bismuth Carboxylates & Complexes
K-KAT XC-B221 & K-KAT 348
K-KAT bismuth carboxylates are recommended for two
component urethane systems offering:
Properties comparable to tin catalysts
Excellent exterior durability
Non-yellowing characteristics
Excellent gloss retention
Catalysis of secondary OH groups
Dry Time/Pot Life - K-KAT 5218/DBTDL
Polyester/HDI Trimer, Effect of 2,4-PD on Pot Life
Bismuth carboxylate catalysts work best in dehydrated
systems.
7
6
5
Hours
Both provide a cure profile similar to DBTDL in 2K and
blocked NCO systems without the environmental
concerns.
4
3
2
1
Zirconium Chelates
0
DBTDL
K-KAT 4205 and 6212
DBTDL/1.8%PD
Surface Dry
K-KAT 4205 and 6212 are zirconium chelates used in
2K urethane coatings. Advantages include:




Fast cure, selective catalysis (less gassing)
Effectiveness in extreme conditions such as
cold or humidity
Good pot life
K-KAT 4205 is a zirconium catalyst that can be added to
the polyol side. It is recommended for solventborne 2K
coatings.
K-KAT 6212 must be added to the isocyanate component. It is recommended for 2K waterborne systems,
2K high solids coatings and RIM applications where
plural component and in-line mixing systems are used.
K-KAT 5218
K-KAT 5218/1.8%PD
2X Viscosity
Metal Complexes
K-KAT XK-614, K-KAT XK-635 & K-KAT XK-639
K-KAT XK-614 is a zinc complex catalyst for urethane
coatings. Advantages include:




Excellent hydrolytic stability
Better pot life in 2K WB urethanes than DBTDL
Selective catalysis of the polyol/isocyanate
reaction in the presence of moisture
Excellent film properties





The graph below demonstrates the potential improvement
in the relationship between dry time and pot life when
K-KAT 5218 is used with 2,4-Pentanedione. The graph
shows dry times and double viscosity times of a 2K polyester/HDI trimer catalyzed with K-KAT 5218 and DBTDL,
both with and without 1.8% 2,4-Pentanedione. While pot
life extension of the DBTDL system was evident, the
increase was much more significant in the K-KAT 5218
system.
K-KAT XK-614 has demonstrated excellent hydrolytic
stability and an increased tendency to selectively
accelerate the polyol/isocyanate reaction in the
presence of moisture. These two characteristics make
K-KAT XK-614 suitable for 2K waterborne urethane
coating systems.
Aluminum Chelate
K-KAT 5218
K-KAT 5218 can be used in both baked and ambient
cured 2K urethane systems offering:


Optimum synergy with pot life extenders such
as 2,4 - Pentanedione
A good indicator of pot life, or workable time, of a 2K
waterborne urethane paint is gloss of cured films cast
with aged paint. After the two components are combined, the aging process begins in the pot as polyol and
water compete for free isocyanate groups. Gloss of
films cast with aged paint is reduced as more water
reacts with isocyanate in the pot.
Pages 15 & 16
K-KAT Performance In Coatings
The graph below demonstrates superior selectivity of
K-KAT XK-614 in a white 2K waterborne urethane
system. The graph plots gloss of films cast immediately
after mixing and films cast on hour intervals after mixing.
GLOSS STUDY - K-KAT XK-614/DBTDL
60° Gloss
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
101
100
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
X K- 6 14
DBTDL
No Ca ta lyst
20° Gloss, %
DBTDL
60° Gloss, %
K-KAT XK-635
K-KAT XK-635 & K-KAT XK-639 Performance
in Blocked NCO Systems
0
1
2
3
4
5
Paint Age - Hours
Metal Complex
K-KAT XK-635
K-KAT XK-635 is very effective for solventborne and
solventless 2K urethanes as well as blocked NCO
solventborne, waterborne and solventless coatings. It is
an environmentally friendly alternative to DBDTL offering:





2K SB Acrylic/NCO, Air Dry
K-KAT XK-635 & K-KAT XK-639 have proven to be effective in blocked isocyanate systems offering equivalent
or improved cure over DBTDL. As shown below, K-KAT
XK-635 over a range of cure temperatures offered performance as good or superior to DBTDL as measured by
MEK resistance in a 1K Acrylic/MEKO Blocked NCO.
Catalysts were used at 0.5% level on total resin solids
with a 20 minute bake schedule. The bottom graph
shows similar results were achieved with K-KAT XK-639
in a 1K Acrylic/DMP Blocked NCO system.
2X MEK Rubs - K-KAT XK-635/DBTDL
1K Acrylic/MEKO Blocked NCO, 20 Minute Bake
Good pot life in 2K systems
Similar cure
Good hydrolytic stability
Non-yellowing
150°C
140°C
K-KAT XK-635 Performance in 2K Urethanes
130°C
As shown in the next two graphs, K-KAT XK-635 displayed better tack-free times and gloss than DBTDL
when tested in an air dry 2K urethane.
120°C
0
20
40
no catalyst
TACK-FREE TIME - K-KAT XK-635/DBTDL
60
DBTDL
80
100
XK-635
2K SB Acrylic/NCO, Air Dry
2X MEK Rubs - K-KAT XK-639/DBTDL
1K Acrylic/DMP Blocked NCO, 20 Minute Bake
Surface dry,
hours
120
100
2X MEK Rubs
2K WB Acrylic/Modified NCO
GLOSS K-KAT XK-635/DBTDL
Set to touch,
hours
Hours
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
80
60
40
20
0
DBTDL
K-KAT XK-635
140°C
no catalyst
150°C
DBTDL
XK-639
K-KAT Performance In Elastomers
Mercury Catalyst Alternatives
K-KAT XK-604, K-KAT XK-617 & K-KAT XK-618
K-KAT XK-604, K-KAT XK-617 and K-KAT XK-618 are
organometallic complexes that are environmentally acceptable alternatives to toxic mercury catalysts. Advantages
include:
Excellent gel profile in elastomeric systems
Contains no mercury, tin or lead
Efficiency
Cost advantage
GEL PROFILE STUDY - Catalyst Concentration
Polyether Triol/MDI Prepolymer
Moisture content of 2K urethane elastomers should be
minimized to avoid gassing. However, some degree of
moisture being present is often inevitable. Of the three,
K-KAT XK-604 would be recommended if gassing is a
concern.
GEL PROFILE STUDY - K-KAT XK-618
Polyether Triol/MDI Prepolymer
4500
K-KAT XK-618
Viscosity (Pa.s)
3500
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
Hg Catalyst
XK-604
XK-617
XK-618
Urethane elastomer formulations are often modified with
low molecular weight chain extending diols to enhance
certain properties. A commonly used low molecular
weight diol is 1,4-butanediol. Compatibility of metal
carboxylate catalysts in 1,4-butanediol is limited. As
demonstrated in the image below, K-KAT XK-618 is
much more compatible with 1,4-butanediol compared to
a bismuth carboxylate catalyst. K-KAT XK-618 can be
used in non-foam applications provided a very low moisture content is maintained.
5000
4000
0.6
% Catalyst
The graphs below depict gel profiles of a polyether triol
crosslinked with an MDI prepolymer catalyzed with K-KAT
XK-618 and the triol crosslinked with an aliphatic HDI
trimer catalyzed with K-KAT XK-604. Both gel profiles are
comparable to the mercury catalyzed profiles.
Mercury Catalyst
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
10
20
30
40
Time (min.)
K-KAT XK-618
Catalyst
Compatibility
LMW Diols




There is a potential cost advantage with K-KAT
XK-604, K-KAT XK-617 and K-KAT XK-618 compared
to commercially available mercury catalysts. The catalyst levels used in the gel profile study are illustrated in
the graph below. These catalyst levels provided similar
gel times. Along with lower dose requirements, the
K-KAT catalysts have a lower price compared to commercial mercury catalysts.
GEL PROFILE STUDY - K-KAT XK-604
Polyether Triol/Aliphatic HDI Trimer
14000
Viscosity (Pa.s)
12000
K-KAT XK-604
10000
8000
Mercury Catalyst
6000
4000
2000
0
Pages 17 & 18
0
10
20
30
Time (min.)
40
50
K-FLEX® RESIN MODIFIERS
K-FLEX® Polyester Polyols,
Urethane Diols and Specialty Modifiers
K-FLEX® describes three distinct product lines of specialty
polyols and resin modifiers consisting of the following
chemistries:
K-FLEX URETHANE DIOLS are novel, hydroxyl functional, water soluble low molecular weight diols with an
all-urethane backbone.
K-FLEX POLYESTER POLYOLS are based upon low
molecular weight linear, saturated, aliphatic structures
with primary hydroxyl groups. They are used in both
coatings and elastomers.
K-FLEX SPECIALTY PRODUCTS include two 100%
active, acetoacetate functional reactive diluents. K-FLEX
XM-B301 and 7301 are particularly effective in epoxy/
polyamide primers and systems crosslinked with amino
resins or polyisocyanates.
PRODUCT SELECTION CHARTS
Melamine/Urea Crosslinked Systems
Primer
Basecoat
Topcoat/Clearcoat
Solvent Based
Waterborne
Solvent Based
Waterborne
Solvent Based
Waterborne
K-FLEX XM-366
K-FLEX
UD-350W
K-FLEX 188
K-FLEX
UD-350W
K-FLEX 188
K-FLEX
UD-350W
Flow & Leveling
K-FLEX 188
Plastics
Adhesion
Flow & Leveling
Adhesion,
Hardness and
Co-solvent
Replacement
Hardness
Flexibility
Flow & Leveling
Hardness
Co-Solvent
Replacement
K-FLEX XM-366
Lower VOC
Best Exterior
Durability
Hardness &
Flexibility
Co-Solvent
Replacement
Higher Gloss
K-FLEX XM-366
Flexibility/Hardness
K-FLEX 7301
Corrosion
Resistance
K-FLEX 188
Lowest VOC
More Hydrophobic
Better Flexibility
Improved flexibility
& salt spray
K-FLEX A308
K-FLEX 188
Improved
flexibility & salt
spray
Best Mar/Scratch
Resistance
2K Urethanes
SOLVENT
BASED
2K Epoxy, Primers
and
Adhesives
K-FLEX XM-332
K-FLEX A308
Solvent Based
Solventless
Waterborne
Cast Elastomers
(2K Polyurethane)
K-FLEX XM-B301
Most
Hydrophobic
K-FLEX 7301
Lighter Color
Lower Viscosity
K-FLEX 188
K-FLEX XM-366
Exterior Durability
Balance Hardness
and Flexibility
Good Balance
Hardness/Flexibility
K-FLEX XM-359
K-FLEX XM-332
Clearcoats
Softer
Lowest VOC
K-FLEX XM-366
Softer - Lower VOC
Good Balance
K-FLEX XM-332
Lowest VOC
K-FLEX 188
K-FLEX XM-337
Most Hydrophobic
Best Hydrolytic
Stability
Highest Tg/Hardness
K-FLEX A308
Good Resiliency
K-FLEX 188
Easier
Incorporation
K-FLEX A308
Lowest Tg/Softest
K-FLEX® Polyester Polyols
HOCH2  R CH2OOC—/W\—COOCH2—R—CH2OH
Solubility & Compliant Coatings
Use in Coatings
The low molecular weight and narrow molecular weight
distribution of K-FLEX polyesters allow the formulation of
higher solids coatings. Primary hydroxyl groups provide
high reactivity for lower temperature cure. K-FLEX
polyester polyols are used to:





Increase film flexibility
Improve resistance properties
Reduce VOC’s - increase solids
Achieve higher crosslink density
Improve cure adhesion including plastics
PRODUCT
Hydroxyl #
On Solids
Viscosity
Tg
The narrow MWD also provides for an efficient reduction in viscosity with a low
level of solvent to achieve
VOC compliance. The K-FLEX polyesters tend to be soluble in most solvents, but not in aliphatic hydrocarbons or in
water. Ketones tend to be very efficient solvents for them
and one can achieve a spray viscosity at about 80% solids
in MIBK.
Attributes/Uses
25C (cPs)
K-FLEX
188
230
10,000
-32˚C
Improves flexibility, salt spray and humidity resistance while maintaining hardness. Highest reactivity. Excellent adhesion to many
substrates including plastics. Highly recommended for 2K
urethane applications.
K-FLEX
A308
260
1,500
-59˚C
Similar to 188 but the low viscosity combined with the higher
hydroxyl number gives good hardness and adhesion while allowing lower VOC levels. Best mar/scratch resistance.
K-FLEX
XM-366
270
2,000
-45°C
Newest polyester polyol offering excellent flexibility, gloss and
hardness.
K-FLEX
148
235
3,750
-42˚C
Improves flexibility and adhesion. Recommended for primers.
Good flow and leveling. Excellent intercoat adhesion properties.
K-FLEX
A307
140
5,400
-50˚C
Flexibility modifier for acrylic/isocyanate and acrylic/melamine
systems. The low hydroxyl number minimizes the crosslinker
demand.
K-FLEX
XM-332
265
400
-68°C
K-FLEX
XM-337
220
70,000
-20°C
K-FLEX
XM-359
230
9,800
* OXSOL® is registered trademark of Makhteshim Agan Group.
-32°C
K-FLEX® POLYESTER POLYOLS
K-FLEX 100% active polyester polyols are used primarily
as modifiers for acrylic, alkyd, epoxy and polyester formulations with melamine or polyisocyanate crosslinkers.
Typical modification levels are 5 to 15% on total resin
solids.
Most K-FLEX polyesters have a narrow molecular weight
distribution (MWD). As a result, they have excellent compatibility with a wide range of resins and excellent solubility
across a broad range of solvents and solubility parameters
including some of the more difficult solvents like
PC - propylene carbonate, DMC - dimethyl carbonate,
acetone, TBA - t-butyl acetate and p-Chlorobenzotrifluoride
(OXSOL® 100*). Additionally, as shown in the photo,
K-FLEX polyesters can be
used to compatibilize other
resins into these solvents.
Lowest viscosity for lowest VOC. Softest films.
Offers high hardness and high modulus in 2K urethanes.
Optically clear systems. Designed to provide long pot life in 2K
urethanes and to prevent yellowing caused by benzotriazole type
UV absorbers.
Pages 19 & 20
Use & Performance In Coatings
Use In Light Stable Cast Elastomers
Coatings: Isocyanate Crosslinked Systems
For example, the table below details the VOC reduction and
improvement of mechanical properties of a high solids 2K
acrylic polyurethane system, modified with 16% K-FLEX
188 (King Formulation API-5).
K-FLEX XM-359
Mechanical Properties - 1/4” Casting*
K-FLEX/HDI Biuret (1:04:1.00 ratio)
Performance
Control
2K Acrylic/ PU
16 % K-FLEX 188
Modification
Mechanical
Properties
VOC, lbs/gal.
3.28
3.02
Tensile Strength*, psi
Tensile
Strength (psi)
2,900
3,300
% Elongation
22.7%
51.8%
119
(mg loss)
87
(mg loss)
(ASTM D 412)
Modulus*, psi
Taber Abrasion
Resistance
(ASTM D 412)
Strain at max*, (%)
(ASTM D 412)
Shore A**
(ASTM D 2240)
Florida Exposure - Exterior Durability
Shore D**
As shown below, an acrylic clearcoat over a white base
coat was modified with K-FLEX 188 at 16% TRS and subjected to three years of Florida Exposure resulting in minimal change in gloss where the control showed a steady
and significant reduction in gloss over time.
3 Years Florida Exposure (5° South)
Acrylic Clearcoat (Paraloid™ AU-946*/Desmodur® N 3300**)
89
87
(ASTM D 2240)
K-FLEX
XM-337
K-FLEX
XM-359
K-FLEX
XM-332
3,821
3,723
250
141,232
4,600
812
79
146
36
95+
95+
70
80
67
27
* 1/4” Thick Casting, ** 5/8” Thick Casting
Formulating With K-FLEX Modifiers
K-FLEX polyesters and urethane diols can be added to
the grind or letdown with no special incorporation techniques. To formulate a high solids pigment grind the
addition of at least 5% of a high solids acrylic resin is
recommended in combination with a K-SPERSE
dispersant.
85
20° Gloss
K-FLEX polyester polyols are effective modifiers for most
2-component polyurethane systems. Performance advantages include lower VOC, improved adhesion, increased
flexibility and elongation, higher tensile strength, humidity
resistance and abrasion resistance.
K-FLEX polyester polyols have proven to be effective
in light stable cast elastomers where a combination of
optical clarity and mechanical
properties are sought. In addition
to the mechanical properties
shown in the table that follows,
K-FLEX XM-359 offers excellent
optical clarity and transparency as
shown in the photo to the left.
Isocyanate Ratios
83
81
79
77
75
0
6
12
18
24
30
36
M on th s in F lorid a
K-FLEX 188
The high hydroxyl number of K-FLEX products necessitate a careful calculation of the isocyanate ratio to
assure complete crosslinking of the polyol hydroxyl
groups. A NCO:OH ratio of 1.04:1.00 to 1.10:1.00 is
typical. K-FLEX A307 has the lowest isocyanate
demand.
Acrylic Control
* Dow Chemical Company, **Bayer Material Science
Adhesion Studies
K-FLEX polyester polyols have demonstrated excellent
adhesion to many substrates including many plastics.
K-FLEX 188, A307 and A308 were found to have excellent
adhesion to Xenoy®*, ABS, RIM, RRIM, SMC, PVC and
polycarbonate using both an HMMM crosslinker and HDI
isocyanurate crosslinker.
* Xenoy® is a registered trademark of SABIC Innovative Plastics
Melamine Ratio
Due to the high hydroxyl number of K-FLEX modifiers
(with the exception of A307), a ratio of K-FLEX / HMMM
of 60 / 40 is normally recommended. This provides a
1 / 1 equivalent of hydroxyl group to methylol group,
assuming an equivalent weight of 160 g/eq for HMMM.
Properties may be adjusted for higher hardness with a
lower K-FLEX / HMMM ratio or improved flexibility with
a higher K-FLEX / HMMM ratio. K-FLEX A307 has a
lower crossliner demand and therefore does not require
the higher levels of HMMM. Adjustments in melamine
levels should be made based on equivalent weights for
other types of melamines (high imino, polymeric, etc…).
K-FLEX® Urethane Diols
HO
O
O
O CN
NCO
O H
Advantages In Waterborne Coatings

Amino crosslinked systems
2-component polyurethanes
Blocked Isocyanates
Prepolymer synthesis
The K-FLEX UD aliphatic urethane backbone provides
excellent hydrolytic stability. It also allows the incorporation of aliphatic urethane functionality without the use of
isocyanates.
K-FLEX urethane diols are soluble in water and most
polar organic solvents, in the absence of surfactants,
neutralizing amines and co-solvents. They are not
soluble in more hydrophobic solvents like aliphatic
hydrocarbons or aromatics. However, varying levels of
hydrophobic solvents can be tolerated depending on the
solubility parameters of the other solvents present.
PRODUCT
Composition
K-FLEX
UD-350W
88% Active
Urethane Diol
In Water
K-FLEX
UD-320
82% Active Urethane
Diol in Propylene
Glycol MonoMethylether Acetate
K-FLEX
UD-320-100
100% Active
Urethane Diol
On Solids
Hydroxyl Acid
Number
Number
K-FLEX UD-350W was used to replace 2-butoxyethanol
co-solvent in a Joncryl 540 / HMMM white baking enamel
at 5%, 10% and 15%. This co-solvent replacement
resulted in significant VOC reductions, as can be seen
below. (King Formulation UDW-12)
1.8
1.6
VOC (lbs/gal)




Lowering VOC’s In Waterborne Systems
1.4
1.2
1
0 .8
0 .6
0 .4
0 .2
0
0
5
10
15
% K- F LE X UD - 350W M o dificatio n o n T R S
Viscosity
25C (cPs)
350
<1
4,000
350
<1
9,000
350
<1
7,000
at 50°C
K-FLEX® URETHANE DIOLS
K-FLEX Urethane diols are low molecular weight (MW)
diols with an aliphatic urethane backbone and a narrow
MW distribution. They allow the formulation of higher
solids, lower VOC waterborne (WB) coatings. They have
been developed to help achieve VOC compliance with the
added benefit of improved film performance. Their low
molecular weight provides a higher crosslink density
yielding harder films with greater exterior durability. The
urethane diols are useful in various industrial systems,
such as:









Replace volatile co-solvents with a
non-volatile reactive diol
Lower VOC (higher solids)
Higher film build without an increase in viscosity
Improved flow and leveling
More continuous film/higher gloss
Improved resistance properties
Higher hardness
Improved wet adhesion
Improved stain resistance
Anti-skinning thermoset dip
Attributes/Uses
Water soluble in absence of surfactants,
amines and co-solvent. Higher solids, improved flow, gloss, hardness and resistance
properties. Also available as UD-320W.
Increases application solids and hardness.
Improves chemical resistance, exterior durability and hydrolytic stability.
Prepolymer synthesis. For water or solvent.
Preparation of polyester urethanes.
Pages 21 & 22
Performance In Coatings
Waterborne Systems
Solventborne & Solventless Systems
Improved Flow/Leveling & Higher Gloss
Advantages In Solventborne and
Solventless Systems
The water solubility of the urethane diol provides improved
wetting over various substrates, as well as, improved flow
and leveling. The end result is higher gloss waterborne
coatings, as can be seen below.
HMMM Baking Enamels, Gloss Improvement
Gloss 60º/20º, % Reflectance
% K-FLEX UD-320W On TRS
Joncryl 540
Acrylic Emulsion
0%
10%
15%
84/15
92/29
93/73
91/65
94/76
—
(King Formulation UDW-12)
Kelsol 3961-B2G-75
Chain Stopped Alkyd
Acrysol WS-68
Water Reducible Acrylic
90/67
89/69
89/74
Joncryl 540 - BASF Resins, Kelsol 3961-B2G-75 - Reichhold, Inc.
Acrysol WS-68 - Dow Chemical
Improved Resistance Properties


Higher solids (lower VOC)
Higher hardness
Improved resistance to humidity, QUV and
exterior exposure
Improved resistance to solvents and chemicals
Greater viscosity stability
Performance In Solventborne Systems
Even with low level K-FLEX UD-320 modification, a
decrease of VOC is possible while boosting
performance of the overall formulation
Low level modification of melamine crosslinked systems
resulted in harder films with improved QUV resistance
and exterior durability. Modification of 2-component
acrylic and polyester polyurethanes provided harder and
more flexible films with improved exterior durability.
3 Years Florida Exposure (5° South)
5% K-FLEX UD-320-100 Modification - Polyester Clearcoat Over White Basecoat
The urethane backbone of the urethane diols provides
excellent hydrolytic stability for long term storage in waterborne formulations. This excellent hydrolytic stability also
provides improvements in the humidity, salt spray and
boiling water resistance of fully crosslinked films. The
results shown demonstrate these improvements for two
waterborne polyester/HMMM baking enamels.
HMMM Crosslinked Baking Enamels Resistance Properties
11% K-FLEX Modification On Total Resin Solids
95
1
90
1
85
1
20° Gloss
K-FLEX® URETHANE DIOLS
System



80
1
1
75
1
70
System
Polymac
WR 72-7203
Water Reducible
Polyester
(King Formulation
UDW-16)
Kelsol 301-W-39
Water Reducible
Polyester
(King Formulation
UDW-17)
Humidity
Resistance
(350 hrs)
60º Gloss*
Salt Spray
(350 hrs)
Blister/
mm
creep**
Boiling
Water
Resistance
(1 hour)
Blister
Control
5
4D/2
8D
UD-350W
59
4F/1
10
Control
79
4D/10
6D
UD-350W
82
4D/3
10
* ASTM D 2247, ** ASTM B 177, D=Dense, F=Few, M=Medium,
Blisters: 10 = no attack.
Polymac 72-7203 - Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Kelsol 301-W-39 - Reichhold Inc.
1
65
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
27
Months in Florida
K-FLEX UD-320-100
Control
30
36
K-FLEX® Reactive Diluents
Key features include:
K-FLEX XM-B301 and 7301 are low viscosity,
acetoacetate functional reactive diluents with excellent
compatibility with a wide range of resins. They can be
used in solvent based and solventless systems.







Reduced induction time & faster cure
Excellent adhesion
Improved salt fog wet adhesion
Improved humidity resistance
VOC and viscosity reduction
Elimination of solvent popping and pinholes
Faster low temperature cure epoxy/amine
PRODUCT
Equivalent
Weight
Composition
Viscosity
25C (cPs)
Attributes/Uses
(Active Hydrogen)
K-FLEX
XM-B301
100% Active
Reactive Diluent
190
1,100
K-FLEX
7301
100% Active
Reactive Diluent
125
150
Most hydrophobic
Lower viscosity and lighter color.
K-FLEX XM-B301 Performance
K-FLEX XM-B301 was used to modify an epoxy polyamide formulation (King Formulation EAP-1). The study
monitored the effect on induction time, cure and potlife,
as well as film properties. A summary can be found in the
tables which follow.
K-FLEX XM-B301 Effect On Cure
Epoxy/Polyamide Modification
% Modification
on Total Resin Solids
Control
0%
3%
6%
Induction Time (mins) to good
appearance
90
40
40
Time to Double Viscosity (hrs)
5
3
2
9.8
7.2
4.2
*Surface Dry Time (hours)
A Solventless Epoxy/Amine
System - shows improved
salt spray fog protection
Control
With 10%
from a 10% K-FLEX
XM-B301
XM-B301 modification. In
addition to improved salt spray, humidity resistance and
wet adhesion, the K-FLEX XM-B301 modification
allowed for a faster low temperature (5°C) cure. (King
Formulation EAP-2)
Solventless 2K Epoxy Adhesive
Knoop Hardness
22.6
15.0
17.9
Impact Strength (in./ lbs)
Forward/reverse
40/5
50/10
50/20
13
10
12
4
8
3
* Pot life could be extended with the use of ketones.
XM-B301 has demonstrated the following advantages in
a solventless 2K epoxy adhesive formulation (King
Formulation EAP-4).

Effect On Film Properties
Salt Fog (mm creep)
Cold Rolled Steel, 350 Hrs.
Galvanized, 672 Hrs.
Salt Fog
& Wet Adhesion
K-FLEX® REACTIVE DILUENTS
They are primarily recommended for use in 2-component
epoxy coatings and adhesives based on epoxy/polyamine
and epoxy/polyamide hardened systems.

Improved lap shear strength to metallic and
non-metallic substrates
Faster bond strength development
Lap Shear Strength, psi - 2.5% Modification
Substrate
Control
+ 2.5% K-FLEX B-301
Cast Iron
816
1739
Polished Steel
1593
1974
Copper
1073
1662
ABS
350
892
Styrene
434
695
Bond Strength Development, psi
4 hours
939
1397
24 hours
943
1375
Pages 23 & 24
APPLICATION - QUICK REFERENCE CHART
SYSTEM KEY (Font Color)
Solvent Based
100% Solids
Waterborne
Powder
UV
APPLICATIONS (A-I)
Adhesives
NACURE® & K-CURE® CATALYSTS
1040, 155
1040W, 155, 3525
K-PURE® CATALYSTS
CXC-1615,1612,1614,1612 &
1614 CXC-1615, CXC-1612
K-KAT® CATALYSTS
XC-B221, XK-604
XK-614, 6212
Aerospace
Appliances
Automotive
Primers
1051, 1323, 1953
X49-110, 3525
X49-110, 3525
155, 3525, X49-110
5218, XC-B221,
XK-614, 6212
XK-635, XK-639
XK-635, XK-639
XK-635, 6212
XK-614, 6212
148, A307, XM-366
188, A308
188, A307, XM-366
188, A308,
188, A307, XM-332
188, A308
188, A307, XM-366
188, A308
K-FLEX® URETHANE DIOLS & SPECIALTIES
7301, XM-B301, UD-350W,
XM-B301
7301, XM-B301
320, 320-100
350W
320
320W, 350W
K-STAY® RHEOLOGY MODIFIERS
730, 740
501, 511, 555
501, 730
152, A503, 6501
152, A503
1151, 1552, 1352, 1652
6402
1552, 1151
1352, 1652
K-SPERSE® DISPERSANTS
A503, A504, 5100
NACORR® CORROSION INHIBITORS
DISPARLON® THIXOTROPES
6100, 6200, 6300, 6100, 6200
6300
6900-20X, PFA-231
AQ-600, AQ-607, AQH-800
DISPARLON® DEFOAMERS
UVX-188, 189,190
OX-60, OX-70
1970, LAP -10
AQ-501, AQ-7533
DISPARLON® DISPERSIANTS
DA-325, KS-873
KS-873
KS-873
DISPARLON® LEVELING AGENTS
LCN-400, L-1980, L-1984
LCN 400, L-1984
LHP-91, LHP-95, NSH-8430HF
AQ-7120,
Maintenance
Marine
Metal Decorating
Paper
X49-110, 155, 1040
155, 3525, 1040W
APPLICATIONS (I-Z)
Inks
NACURE® & K-CURE® CATALYSTS
155, 1051
155, 3525, 1040W
1040, 155, 3525
K-PURE® CATALYSTS
CXC-1615, CXC-1612
CXC-1615
CXC-1615, CXC-1612
CXC-1615
K-KAT® CATALYSTS
XC-B221, XK-614
XK-614, 6212
5218, 4205, XK-635
XK-614, 6212
XK-635, XK-639
XK-635, XK-639
188, A307, XM-337,
188, A308
188, XM-366, XM-337
188, XM-366
188, A307, XM-366
188, A308
188, A308, XM-366
188, A308
K-FLEX® URETHANE DIOLS & SPECIALTIES
320-100
350W
7301, XM-B301
320
350W
320, 320-100
350W
K-SPERSE DISPERSANTS
®
501, 511, 555, 730
131, 152, A504
NACORR® CORROSION INHIBITORS
6900-20X,
AQ-607, AQ-610, AQH-800
DISPARLON® DEFOAMERS
DISPARLON® DISPERSANTS
AQ-320, AQ-330, AQ-340,
AQ-380
DISPARLON® LEVELING AGENTS
LS-430, AQ-7120
730
152, A503
152, A503, 6501
1151, 1552, 1352, 1652
1151,1552, 1352, 1652
6402
F-9030, 6300, 6500, 6650
AQ-607, AQ-610
6900-20X, PFA-231
OX-60, OX-70
LAP-10, LAP-20
UVX-188,189,190
DA-325
L-1983, L-1984
LCN-400, L-1984
PL 545, UVX 35,36
A504
While not all inclusive, this quick reference chart has been designed to offer starting point product choices by application,
solvent based systems (font-black), solventless (font-green), waterborne (font-blue), powder (font-brown) and UV (fontpurple). Please refer to each product section for additional choices, systems and selection criteria.
Automotive
Basecoat/Topcoat
Can
Coil (PCM)
E-Coat
5225, 5528, 2500, 3525
2500, 5225, 2547
5076, 5925, 155, 3525
2500, 2558, 3525
1323, 1419, 1953, 2107,
XC-194K, 2500, X49-110, 3525
1051, NACORR 1552
Acrylic Anodic
Elastomers/Foam
General Industrial
2500, 155, X49-110
2547, 2500, X49-110, 3525
CXC-1615, CXC-1612
CXC-1615,CXC-1612, CXC-1615
XK-635, XC-B221
XK-614, 6212
XK-635
XK-614
XK-635, XK-639
XK-635, XK-639
XM-359, A308, XM-366
188, A308
188, A307, XM-366
188, A308
188, A307, XM-337
188, A308
320
320W, 350W
320,
350W
320
350W
320
350W
501, 511, 555
501, 511, 555, 730
A503, A504
188, XM-332, XM-337
148,188, A308
152, A503
1352, 1552
XK-635, 5218, XC-B221
XK-614, 6212
188, A308, XM-332
188, A308
188, XM-366, XM-337
188, A308
A504
1352, 1552
6900-20X, PFA-231, NS-5500
AQ-600, AQ-607, AQH-800
OX-60, OX-750HF, OX-883HF
XK-604, XK-618
LAP -10
1151, 1552, 1352, 1652
6402
6100, 6200
6900-20X, PFA-231, AQ-600,
AQ-607, AQH-800, 6100, 6200
OX-60, OX-70
OX-60,OX-70, LCN-400
UVX188,189,190
DA-325, AQ-320, AQ-330,
AQ-340, AQ-380
DA-325, KS-873, AQ-340, AQ-380
LHP-91, LHP-95, AQ-7120
PL-545
Prepolymers
152, A503, 5100, 6501
LCN 400, L-1984
Refinish
Resin Synthesis
155, 1040
155, 1040W
LCN-400, L & LAP Series,
AQ-7120, PL 545
Sealants
Stain/Varnishes
1040, 155
1040W, 155
Wood
2500, 5225, 4000
2547, 155, 8924
CXC-1612, CXC-1614
CXC-1612, CXC-1756
6212, XC-B221
6212, XK-614
4205, 5218, XK-635
XK-614, 6212
6212, XC-B221
6212, XK-614
XC-B221, XK-604
XC-B221, XK-604
XK-614, 6212
188, A308, XM-332
188, A308
188, A307, XM-366
188, XM-366
188, A308, XM-366
A307, A308, A307, A308
188, XM-366, XM-337
188, A308
320-100
320-100
XM-B301, 7301
320-100
A307, A308
320, 320-100
320W, 350W
501, 511, 555
A503, A504
152, A503
1151, 1552
1352, 1652
6900-20X, PFA-231, NS-5500
AQH-800
6500, 6200, 6300
6100
A671-EZ, NS-5500, 670-20M
AQ-607, AQ-610, AQH-800
A671-EZ, NS-5500, 670-20M
AQ-607, AQ-610, AQH-800
OX-60,OX-70, LCN-400
UVX188,189,190
1958
1958, LAP-10, LAP-20, LAP-30
LHP 90, 95
UVX 35,36
UVX 35,36
LHP Series, L-1984
UVX 35,36
K-PURE CXC Catalysts for epoxy/hydroxyl and anhydride systems are most commonly used in solvent less
systems.
One component, high solids or solvent less systems for
high speed or low temperature applications can be
obtained using this technology.
K-PURE CXC-1612 and CXC-1614
The unique blocking group under goes a chemical
re-arrangement upon activation, that eliminates any
volatile components to be generated during cure.
These catalysts are based on super acids, hexafluoroantimonate or triflic acid and can be used in conjunction with
cycloaliphatic epoxies, glycidyl ester and glycidyl ether
resins.
Polymerization of the epoxy resin occurs via a cationic
mechanism, thus allowing co-polymerization with hydroxyl, lactone, oxetane or vinyl functional groups.
Additional Offerings
King offers additional catalysts for epoxy systems under its
K-PURE® tradename. Found on King’s web site, this family
of catalysts developed for the electronics industry includes
non-antimony catalysts with higher activation temperatures
and higher purity.
Performance
Cycloaliphatic Diepoxide
BADGE/MHHPA Case Study
DSC Ramp - 5°C per minute
CXC-1612
CXC-1614
Cast parts with BDMA, CXC-1756 and 2,4-EMI cured:
1 hr ,100ºC (demold) + 1 hr, 120ºC + 3 hrs, 180ºC
Cast parts with CXC-1765 cured:
1 hr ,120ºC (demold) + 1 hr, 140ºC + 3 hrs, 180ºC
CXC-1615
4
Heat Flow, W/g
3.5
3
BDMA
K-PURE
CXC-1756
K-PURE
CXC-1765
2,4-EMI
% by Weight
2
1
3
0.5
Shore D
80
82
80
80
96°C
119°C
134°C
122°C
2
5
10
3
140.5
147.8
139.1
155.8
Modulus, PSI
327,00
323,000
372,000
242,000
Strength, PSI
14,500
12,000
15,000
12,000
1.6
1.6
2.1
1.5
Catalyst/Curative
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
DSC Onset Point,
0
- 0.5 0
50
100
150
200
Temperature
Stability Days
at 25°C
Tg, °C Mechanical
Flexural Testing
Effect of CXC-1612 Concentration
on Glass Transition Temperature
BADGE (Bisphenol-A diglycidylether) Cure: 1 Hour
Glass Transition, °C
K-PURE® CATALYSTS FOR EPOXY SYSTEMS
K-PURE® Catalysts for Epoxy Systems
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Water Immersion
47 Days
weight gain
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
Color Comparison
1/4” Castings
Cast in
Aluminum Mold
0.5% CXC-1765
CXC-1612 Concentration, %
Temperature:
100°C
120°C
177°C
More K-PURE® product information can be obtained by contacting King Industries Specialty Markets Group
0.5% EMI
Catalyst Selection for Epoxy Systems
Acid
Anhydride
Epoxy or
Hydroxyl
K-PURE® CXC-1756
®
K-PURE CXC-1765
Cure 130°C <
Longer Pot-life
Low color
Solvent-less
Various
K-PURE CXC-1612
K-PURE CXC-1615
1K Systems
SB & 100% Solids
1K Systems
SB & WB
Cure 80°C <
Cure 120°C <
K-PURE CXC-1614
K-PURE CXC-1756
1K Systems
SB & 100% Solids
2K Systems
SB & 100% Solids
Cure 100°C <
Cure 110°C <
Catalysts for Solvent Less Epoxy Systems
PRODUCT
Composition
K-PURE
CXC-1612
Ammonium
Antimony
Hexafluoride
K-PURE
CXC-1614
Ammonium
Triflic acid
K-PURE
CXC-1756
Organometallic
complex
K-PURE
CXC-1765
Organometallic
complex
%
Active
Specific
Gravity
25°C
100
na
100
na
100
1.15
60
1.05
(catalyst solids on
total resin solids)
Activation
Temperature
Range
Off
White
powder
0.5 - 2%
80-100°C
Cationic cure of inks, adhesives
and coatings, zero VOC, zero
out-gassing
Off
White
powder
0.5 - 3%
100-120°C
and coatings, zero VOC, zero
out-gassing
0.5 - 3%
110-120°C
2 - 5%
130-150°C
Form
Typical Use Levels
Straw
Liquid
Straw
Liquid
Attributes/Uses
Casting, encapsulating and potting type systems
Low color epoxy-acid systems.
Supplied in reactive diluents
Catalyst for Solvent & Water Based Epoxy Systems
K-PURE
CXC-1615
Amine Salt of
Triflic Acid in
Water/Solvent
60
1.16
Light
Amber
Liquid
0.5 - 3%
110-120°C
and coatings for solvent or waterborne systems
K-PURE® CATALYSTS FOR EPOXY SYSTEMS
Cure 110°C <
Shorter Pot-life
Formulating Considerations
Solid Catalysts (CXC-1612 and 1614) - These solid catalysts are soluble in most liquid epoxies at the recommended
use levels, but making a concentrate with reactive diluents
makes screening easier. Propylene carbonate is a common
diluent, but liquid anhydrides and citrate esters are also suitable. These concentrated solutions are less stable than the
solid catalyst (manifested by color change), and aged concentrates may change the formulation stability. Therefore, it
is recommended that all pre-dilutions be made and used as
needed. Pre-diluting in di-functional epoxy or vinyl ether
functional diluents is not recommended.
Base Sensitivity - Super acids (CXC-1612, 1614 and
1615) are sensitive to basic materials. Thus, cure can be
inhibited by basic substrates, pigments or resins.
Ambient Cure - These catalysts are not designed to
cure epoxy systems at ambient temperatures.
Pages 27 & 28
Pages 19 & 20
NACORR® Rust & Corrosion Inhibitors
NACORR® RUST & CORROSION INHIBITORS
Mechanism
The NACORR molecules have a polar metal sulfonate
group and a long hydrophobic tail. The NACORR products prevent corrosion by two distinct mechanisms
including:

Polar metal sulfonate is attracted to the metal substrate where it helps to electrically passivate any potential
anodic sites
Introduction
King Industries’ NACORR® Rust & Corrosion Inhibitors
provide formulators the means to impart corrosion resistance to aqueous, non-aqueous and powder systems.
NACORR can be used as the primary corrosion inhibitor
or in combination with environmentally friendly anticorrosive pigments. They are compatible with a wide variety of resins used in primers and direct to metal topcoats
for a multitude of industrial applications. Benefits include:






The hydrophobic tail is oriented outward away from
the metal substrate, excluding water from any potential
anodic sites. This eliminates the electrolyte, one of the 4
required elements for corrosion (anode, cathode, conductor and electrolyte)
Improved corrosion protection in clearcoats and
highly pigmented systems
Liquid materials make for easier incorporation
Synergy with anti-corrosive pigments to replace
chromates and other environmentally
unacceptable anti-corrosive pigments
Improved pigment dispersion and gloss when
added to the pigment grind (for solventborne
coatings)
Enhanced cure rates of amino crosslinked
systems, especially with NACORR 1552 (zinc salt)
Hydrophobic Barrier Layer
Created by NACORR
Coating
Metal Substrate
Anode
NACORR's are metal or amine salts of a hydrophobic
sulfonic acid. They are available in different solvents to
accommodate the broad range of coating technologies
currently used. Standard solvents are Mineral Spirits or
2-Butoxyethanol.
NACORR Selection Chart by System
WATERBORNE
SOLVENTBORNE
NACORR 1352
NACORR 1151
General Purpose
Alkyd & Urethane
Best Corrosion
Performance
NACORR 1652
Improved Compatibility
With Water
NACORR 4426
NACORR 1754
Emulsions
Metal-free
NACORR 1652
NACORR 1552
Synergy With Heavy
Metal Free
Pigments
Best Synergy With
Zinc Anticorrosive
Pigments
POWDER
NACORR 6402
Urethane Polyester
Cementitious products
Solvent
%
Active
Attributes/Uses
NACORR
1151
Barium
Mineral Spirits
50
Best compatibility in solvent based systems. Best for low pH
systems
NACORR
1352
Calcium
2-Butoxyethanol
50
Excellent in waterborne applications.
NACORR
1552*
Zinc
2-Butoxyethanol
50
Excellent adhesion. Excellent for solvent based primers. Catalytic in amino systems.
NACORR
1652
Magnesium
2-Butoxyethanol
50
Hardest films in thermoset coatings.
NACORR
1754
Amine
2-Butoxyethanol
n-Butyl Alcohol
35
Excellent compatibility on water based systems. Effective on
steel, galvanized steel and aluminum.
NACORR
4426
Sodium
Complex
Polymer/Water
NA
Excellent in water based emulsion systems. Effective on steel,
galvanized steel and aluminum.
NACORR
6402
Calcium
N/A
50
Free flowing powder for easy incorporation. Silica carrier, especially designed for powder coatings.
* NACORR 1552 is an excellent catalyst and corrosion inhibitor for anodic acrylic electrocoating.
NACORR Performance
NACORR liquid organic corrosion inhibitors provide
improved corrosion resistance alone in coatings formulations. They allow the formulation of anticorrosive
systems without anticorrosive pigments as may be
required for high gloss direct to metal topcoats and
clearcoats.
Performance - Powder Systems
This formulation is indicative of the level of performance that can be achieved in the salt fog exposure test
using 3% (on total formulation weight) NACORR 6402
in a hybrid polyester/urethane powder system. (King
Formulation CI-301)
Performance - Waterborne Systems
500 Hours
Salt Fog Exposure
(ASTM B 117-90)
Cold Rolled
Steel
Control
Control
Sulfonate
PRODUCT
+ 3% NACORR 6402
NACORR 1151 NACORR 1352 NACORR 1652
In the above air dry alkyd water reducible systems, a
noticeable improvement in salt spray resistance over
iron phosphated steel was shown with the addition of
2% NACORR liquid corrosion inhibitors.
Pages 29 & 30
NACORR Synergy With Anti-corrosive Pigments
To achieve the level of corrosion resistance found with
chromates and other environmentally unacceptable anticorrosive pigments, the NACORR products are often
used synergistically with more environmentally friendly
anti-corrosive pigments.
Please find below a table of King Industries, Inc. formulations demonstrating synergy with a wide variety of commonly used anti-corrosive pigments, including; borates,
phosphosilicates and phosphates.
FORMULATION
System Type
Synergy With
NACORR
CI-101
WB Acrylic Primer
Halox® SZP-391 (strontium zinc phosphosilicate)
1351 & 1651
CI-102
WB Acrylic Primer
Halox® SW-111 (strontium phosphosilicate)
1651 & 1652
CI-103
WB Acrylic Primer
Boroguard® ZB (zinc borate)
1351 & 1651
CI-104
WB Acrylic Primer
Busan® 11M-1 (barium metaborate)
1351 & 1651
CI-106
WB Acrylic Primer
Nalzin® 2 (zinc hydroxy phosphate)
1754
CI-107
WB Acrylic Primer
Wacor® ZBP-M (borate modified zinc phosphate)
1651
CI-108
WR Alkyd Topcoat
Nalzin® 2 (zinc hydroxy phosphate)
1352 & 1754
CI-109
WR Alkyd Primer
Novinox® PZ-02 (zinc phosphate)
1552
CI-110
WR Epoxy Ester Primer
Heucophos® ZPA (zinc aluminum phosphate hydrate)
1754
CI-112
WB Polyurethane
Primer
Heucophos® ZZMP (zinc molybdenum phosphate hydrate)
1352 & 1552
CI-113
WR Alkyd Primer
Halox® SW-111 (strontium phosphosilicate)
1151 & 1651
CI-120
WB Acrylic Primer
Heucophos® ZBZ (basic zinc phosphate silicate hydrate)
1352, 1552 & 1652
CI-121
WB Acrylic Primer
Heucophos® ZPZ (basic zinc phosphate hydrate)
1352, 1552 & 1652
CI-201
HS Chain Stopped
Alkyd
Wacor® ZBP-M (borate modified zinc phosphate)
1352, 1652
CI-206
Polyester/HMMM Coil
Shieldex® AC-3 (calcium ion exchanged silica gel)
1551 & 1754
CI-207
Polyester OEM Primer
Halox® SZP-391 (strontium zinc phosphosilicate)
1351
Performance - Synergy With Anti-corrosive Pigments In Waterborne Systems
King Formulation CI-102 demonstrates the synergistic
effect of NACORR 1652 with a strontium phosphosilicate
in a waterborne air dry acrylic primer. Please note the
improved corrosion resistance of the anti-corrosive pigment compared to the control. The use of NACORR
1652 in synergy with the anti-corrosive pigment provided
a significant improvement in the corrosion resistance.
WB Acrylic Primer - 500 Hours Salt Spry
Strontium Phosphosilicate & NACORR 1652
Control
Strontium
Phosphosilicate
Strontium Phosphosilicate
& 2% NACORR 1652
Performance - Synergy With Anti-Corrosive Pigments In Solvent Based Systems
The photos to the right demonstrate the improvement
in wet adhesion of the salt spray panels when
NACORR 1352 is combined with the anti-corrosive
pigment in a solvent based chain stopped TOFA air dry
alkyd primer. The NACORR liquid organic corrosion
inhibitor was added at a 2% level as supplied on total
formulation weight.
Synergy - Air Dry Alkyd Primer
NACORR 1352 and Calcium/Zinc Phospho-molybdate
+ Calcium/Zinc
Phospho-molybdate
+ NACORR 1352
King Formulation (CI-201)
Use Levels & Incorporation
Generally, addition levels of 1-3% based on total weight of the paint are effective in enhancing corrosion protection. Due
to the polarity of the metal sulfonate, highly pigmented systems or pigments with high surface areas may require higher
levels of NACORR. This is due to the affinity of NACORR for the pigment surface. If active pigments are reduced or
eliminated, they should be replaced with inert pigments to maintain solids and critical pigment volume concentrations.
The NACORR products are based on a variety of different metal salts. The NACORR metal salts appear to be very
system specific. Some work better than others, depending on the resin system, type of anti-corrosive pigment, and
other formulation components. It is best to evaluate several of the NACORR products in your formulation to find the best
performing product. Once a product is selected, it can be optimized by conducting a ladder study to determine a use
level that best meets your performance needs.
SYSTEM
Incorporation Method
Solvent Based
Can be post added with mild agitation or added to mill base.
Water Reducible
With Water In Mill Base
If possible, remove water from base and add it to the letdown. Otherwise post-add under high agitation.
No Water In Mill Base
Add 0.5 -1.0% to mill base by premixing the NACORR, solvent and resin prior to pigment. Add balance to
letdown prior to any water addition
Emulsions, Colloids & Dispersions
No Co-solvents
Post-add under high agitation during letdown prior to any water addition
With Co-solvents
Premix with coalescing solvent prior to addition. A typical ratio of 1:1 is recommended. Next add mixture
under high agitation prior to any water addition.
Control
With Co-solvents & Amines Premix with coalescent and amine. Add under high agitation prior to any water. A typical starting ratio for
premix: 50% Nacorr, 45% coalescent and 5% amine by weight.
Powder
Dry blend with the premix at 1% to 3% based on total weight.
Pages 31 & 32
K-SPERSE® Dispersants for Non-Aqueous Systems
K-SPERSE Powder Dispersants – These monomeric
dispersants supplied in powder form were developed for
dispersing pigments into powder coatings and other
solventless systems. Advantages include:
K-SPERSE additives are highly effective amine free
dispersing agents for organic and inorganic pigments
used in non-aqueous and solvent-free coatings and inks.
They can be categorized into three distinct groups:
K-SPERSE Liquid Monomeric Dispersants – These
liquid products were designed as cost effective dispersants in a wide variety of formulations. They can be
utilized with a broad range of resins including acrylics,
alkyds, bitumen, epoxies, polyesters and polyurethanes.
K-SPERSE 152 can be used with commercial polymeric
dispersants that require the use of a synergist.
Advantages include:









Ease of use – free flowing powder
Improved hiding power at low film thickness
Low cost
K-SPERSE Polymeric Dispersants – These liquid
polymeric dispersants were developed as dispersants for
“hard-to-disperse” organic and carbon black pigments
used in solventborne and solvent free liquid formulations.



Best jettness with carbon black
Simplicity of use - no need for synergist
No effect on cure of amino resins or
isocyanates – amine free
Widest range of solubility (alcohols to aliphatic
hydrocarbons)
Low dosage – highest pigment loading
Highly efficient dispersing TiO2
Better color development and gloss
Fast dispersion time
Hydrophobic - Not moisture sensitive
K-SPERSE Selection Chart
ORGANIC PIGMENTS
ORGANIC & INORGANIC PIGMENTS
and FILLERS
MONOMERIC DISPERSANTS
POLYMERIC
DISPERSANTS
K-SPERSE 5100
Epoxies and Polyesters
K-SPERSE A503
General Purpose
Polyesters and Acrylics
K-SPERSE A504
Solventless Systems
Solventborne Systems
Solventless Systems
K-SPERSE 152
K-SPERSE 6501
General Purpose
General Purpose
K-SPERSE 131
Zinc-free,
No catalytic effect
PRODUCT
Composition
%
Active
lbs./gal.
50
7.7
Use in formulas containing driers/accelerators including
alkyds, urethanes and epoxies
50
8.3
General purpose. Can be used at 1/3 to 1/2 the level of
typical commercial dispersants. Synergist for competitive
polymeric dispersants.
50
7.9
55
N/A
Free flowing powder developed specifically for powder and
solvent-free systems.
Attributes/Uses
Monomeric Dispersants
K-SPERSE
131
Calcium Sulfonate
Mineral Spirits
K-SPERSE
152
Zinc Sulfonate
2-Butoxyethanol
K-SPERSE
152/MS
Zinc Sulfonate
Mineral Spirits
Mineral spirits version of K-Sperse 152.
Powder Dispersants
K-SPERSE
6501
Zinc Sulfonate
Precipitated Silica
K-SPERSE
A503
Polymeric Dispersant
Butyl Acetate
40
7.9
General purpose for use in solvent based coatings, inks
and pigment concentrates.
K-SPERSE
A504
Polymeric
Dispersant
100
8.5
For use in 100% solids formulations including coatings,
inks, pigment concentrates and plastics
K-SPERSE
5100
Polymeric Wetting
& Dispersing Agent
100
9.4
Solvent-free dispersant for epoxy and polyester systems.
High Efficiency
K-SPERE Performance
K Sperse monomeric products are designed for use in
non aqueous systems. These easy to use liquid products are effective at 50 to 75% lower loading than other
dispersants. They are particularly efficient at dispersing
TiO2 and iron oxides.
The table below shows the typical K-Sperse 152 use
levels compared to other dispersants based on the
manufacturers’ recommendations.
Better Color Development
Higher color strength can be obtained with the use of
K-Sperse 132 & 152. Black dispersions were prepared
using K-Sperse 152, a polymeric dispersant and an
amphoteric dispersant to tint a white base to determine
the color strength developed by each after milling for 8
hours in a steel ball mill.
Polymeric Dispersants
Comparison: Weight % on Pigment
Pigment
K-Sperse
152
Other
Dispersants*
Phthalo Blue
3.5%
10 - 33%
Transparent
Iron Oxide
5%
7 - 30%
Iron Oxide
1.5%
2.5%
Chromopthal Red
8%
12-15%
Titanium Dioxide
0.6%
1.2%
Furnace Black
7 - 35%
100%
Channel Black
7%
17 - 100%
Carbon Black
* Hyperdispersant, Polymeric and Amphoteric
K-SPERSE 152
Polymeric Disp. B
Amphoteric Disp. A
K-Sperse 152 – Synergist and Catalytic Effects
K-Sperse 152 is very effective as a synergist with polymeric
dispersants to optimize carbon black and red shade phtalo
blue dispersions.
Formulators should be aware of a possible catalytic effect
with K-Sperse 152. The zinc in K-Sperse 152 may
complex with the driers and accelerators used in air
oxidized paints. K-Sperse 152 can also contribute to the
cure response in thermoset HMMM systems. K-Sperse
131/132 should be used in place of K-Sperse 152 to avoid
these catalytic effects.
Pages 33 & 34
K-SPERSE Powder Products
K-SPERSE Polymeric Performance
K-Sperse 6501 Powder Product
K-Sperse Polymeric Dispersants Performance
K-SPERSE 6501 demonstrates similar performance to
the liquid monomerics and should be added at the
pre-mix stage of production typically at 1 to 10% as
supplied on total pigment weight.
The accompanying photograph shows a comparison of
color development after 4 hours of mixing. A Quinacridone
red pigment dispersion was added to a white tint base in
order to compare the color development between the
various dispersants.
K-SPERSE Polymeric Dispersants
Fast Color
Development
K -Sperse A503 and A504 are acid functional (amine
free) dispersants that do not require a synergist as
some commercial polymeric dispersants do. K- Sperse
A503 is a good general purpose dispersant for organic
pigments, and was designed to provide optimum
jettness of carbon blacks and simplicity of use.
K -Sperse A504 was designed for solventless systems.
Advantages include:




Best jettness with carbon black
Increased potlife in 2K urethanes
Small effect on melamine cure rates
Excellent flood float resistance
Disp.
A-1
K-SP
A503
Disp.
B
The test results as
evidenced in the photograph to the left show that
K-SPERSE A503 (center)
provides faster color
development.
Excellent Flood/Float Resistance
When tested in a gray melamine baking system,
K-SPERSE A503 provided excellent flood/float resistance
when compared to three competitive dispersants.
K-Sperse 5100
K-SPERSE 5100 is a solvent free dispersing agent for
solventborne and solvent free systems. It is particularly
effective in 100% solids epoxy systems. This low
molecular weight polymer contains hydroxyl and
carboxyl functionality and is recommended for both
organic and inorganic pigments/fillers. It can be used as
the sole dispersing resin or as a modifier for resins with
poor wetting characteristics.
The graph below demonstrates the effectiveness of
K-SPERSE 5100 to disperse white and black pigments
in a 100% solids, epoxy resin.
The pigment to binder ratio was: White: 1:1, Black: 7:1.
K-Sperse levels were at 5% on pigment for the TiO2 and
50% for the black.
10000
Control
K-5100
TiO2 (R900)
Lamp Black
1000
Viscosity, cPs
K-Sperse Polymeric Dispersants
100
10
1
TiO2 (R960)
Gray Melamine Baking System
Disp. A-1
K-SPERSE
A503
Disp. A-2
Disp. B
K-STAY® Rheology Modifiers
The 700 Series - based on Hydrophobically Modified
Ethoxylated Urethane Associative Thickeners (HEUR) for
waterborne systems, offering
K-STAY rheology modifiers are available for both
solvent-borne and waterborne coatings. Specifically:
The K-STAY 500 Series - based on unique sulfonate
technology for non-aqueous pigmented systems, offering:
Excellent anti-sag and pigment suspension
High efficiency - low use levels
High gloss
Ease of use - pourable liquids
Effectiveness in a wide range of resin systems
Excellent sag control
Zero VOC’s
Ease of incorporation
Pseudoplastic profile
Liquid and 100% solid free flowing powder
products
Both series offer shear thinning capabilities for spray, dip,
roller or brush application.
Product Selection Chart
Solvent Based Systems
Waterborne Systems
K-STAY 555
General Purpose
Liquid Product
Powder Product
K-STAY 730
Liquid HEUR
K-STAY 740
Powder HEUR
Paint, Caulk and
Sealants
Paint, Caulk and
Sealants
K-STAY 501
Most Versatile
K-STAY 511
Low Dosage with TiO2, high
gloss in urethanes
PRODUCT
Composition
%
Active
Treat
Levels
Attributes/Uses










For Solvent-borne Systems
K-STAY
501
Overbased Calcium
Sulfonate
Light Aromatic Naphtha
50
1 - 5%
K-STAY
511
Sulfonate
Light Aromatic Naphtha
50
1 - 5%
Ultra high efficiency in TiO2 containing paints.
Excellent gloss in urethane formulations.
K-STAY
555
Overbased Calcium
Sulfonate/Light
Aromatic Naphtha - MS
57
1 - 5%
General purpose anti-sag and anti-settling for
solvent-borne systems. Economical, efficient and
easy to use.
For solvent-borne systems, including polyester/
melamine, acrylic/melamine, alkyd/melamine,
2K urethanes and epoxies
Associative Thickeners For Waterborne Systems
K-STAY
730
K-STAY
740
HEUR* Thickener
Water
HEUR Thickener
50
100
0.5 - 4%
0.2 - 1%
High shear thinning, used to increase low and
medium shear viscosity. Well suited for high film
build, spray applied applications.
Supplied as solid free flowing powder. Shear
thinning, provides increase to low and medium shear
rate viscosities. Easy to handle.
* HEUR - Hydrophobically Modified Ethoxylated Urethane Thickener
Pages 35 & 36
K-STAY 500 Series
for Pigmented Solventborne Systems
The K-STAY 500 Series are used in pigmented solventborne coatings based on a variety of resin systems
including acrylics, alkyds, epoxies, polyester and
urethanes.
Unlike some rheology
modifiers, the K-STAY
500 Series products are
pourable liquids for
ease of use in the
production process.
As demonstrated in the performance examples that
follow, specific products within the 500 Series impart:



Excellent intercoat adhesion
Improved thermal sag resistance
K-STAY 501 Performance
K-STAY 501 was evaluated
against other common rheology modifiers in a polyester
melamine bake coating at their
recommended use levels .The
K-STAY 501 modified coating
had the best gloss and best
sag resistance. Performance
is shown in the table to the
right.
K-STAY
501
Organo
Clay
Oxidized
Polyethylene
Fumed
Silica
1
1
2
1
6 mil
3 mil
1.5 mil
1.5 mil
93
44
88
47
Brookfield Viscosity
6 rpm, cPs
1800
440
360
940
Brookfield Viscosity
60 rpm, cPs
530
250
270
370
Shear Thinning Index STI 6/60
3.4
1.8
1.3
2.5
Performance Criteria
Use level, %
Sag, 350°C
60° Gloss
The photo on the left shows, the sag
resistance achieved with the addition
of 0.5% K-STAY 511 in a 2K Urethane.
As shown to the right, the addition did
not adversely impact gloss as some
other types of rheology modifiers are
known to do.
Sag Resistance
Control
0.5% K-STAY 511
Gloss Retention
Control
K-STAY 511
As shown in the photos to the left,
K-STAY 555 at a 2% dosage level
provided effective sag control at a
10 mils film thickness of a 2K
Acrylic/Urethane white marine
topcoat over a heavy duty, marine
2K gray epoxy primer.
Gray Primer
1st Topcoat
20° Gloss 90.4
60° Gloss 96.3
2nd Topcoat
20° Gloss 83.7
Without K-STAY 555
60° Gloss 95.5
With 2% K-STAY 555
K-STAY 700 Series
for Waterborne Systems
The graph below illustrates the rheological profiles of the
K-STAY 700 Series for waterborne systems. The bottom
brown line represents the control formulation.
As shown, adding a low to medium shear thickener
(K-STAY 740) provides some shear thinning and is
suitable for coatings applications i.e. roll, brush or dip.
Adding a high shear thinning modifier (K-STAY 730)
provides excellent spray properties.
K-STAY 730
K-STAY 730 is a zero VOC, Hydrophobically modified
urethane thickener with pseudoplastic characteristics.
It is ideally suited for high film build, spray applied
formulations.
K-STAY 740
K-STAY 740 is 100% solids free flowing powder. It
complies with FDA 21 CFR 175.105 (indirect contact such
as adhesives for food packaging) and 175.300 for direct
contact coatings. It is ideal for use in paints, caulks and
sealants.
K-STAY 700 Series
Rheology Profiles
The photo to the right, shows after
2 coats of the white topcoat, 100%
crosshatch adhesion was maintained. Additionally, good gloss
was retained.
Incorporation
Viscosity
K-STAY 730 can be added in grind or let-down where
predilution with water will ease incorporation.
K-STAY 730 - for spray applications
K-STAY 740 can be added directly to the pigment grind. If
post-added, it is recommended to prepare a pourable gel
prior to addition.
K-STAY 740 - for roll, dip,
flow and brush applications
Control
Shear Rate
Pages 37 & 38
DEOLINK ® Silanes & DEOGRIP® Additives
DEOLINK® SILANES & DEOGRIP ADDITIVES
Introduction to D.O.G
The product listings below are merely representative and
not all inclusive of D.O.G performance products, King
has to offer.
King is proud to represent D.O.G - Deutsche Oelfabrik of
Hamburg, Germany in North America for the technical
sales of their products for coatings including DEOLINK
silanes and DEOGRIP additives for anti-slip and soft-feel
coatings.
Please visit our web site, www.kingindustries.com
or contact your King representative for additional
products and information.
DEOLINK Silanes
®
Specific Advantages:
 Increased adhesion
 Improved scratch resistance
 Increased abrasion resistance
 Permanent chemical bond of the filler to
the polymer
 Reduced filler agglomerates
 Non Yellowing
Deolink Silanes form a covalent bond or molecular
bridge between the organic polymer and the inorganic
substrate. Adhesion between the coating and the substrate
is particularly strong displaying a wide variety of improvements on the physical properties of your coating.
100% ACTIVE - LIQUID SILANES
Amino
TE-100
50% ACTIVE - DRY PELLETIZED SILANES
Epoxy
TM-100
Ethoxy Silane
Methoxy Silane
3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane
[3-(2,3-Epoxypropoxy)propyl]
trimethoxysilane
Epoxy TE
Amino TE
Deolink MX
Ethoxy Silane
Wax Carrier
Ethoxy Silane
Wax Carrier
Blocked Mercapto Silane
Wax Carrier
PRODUCT RECOMMENDATIONS BY SYSTEM TYPE:  Excellent  Good
LIQUID SILANE
PRODUCTS
Deolink Amino
TE-100
Deolink Amino
TM-100
Deolink Epoxy
TE-100
Deolink Epoxy
TM-100
1K PU
Solvent / Water




2K PU
Solvent / Water




PUR
Dispersion




Epoxy Resin
Waterborne




Epoxy Resin
Solvent




Epoxy Resin
Baking Enamel




Powder
Coatings
Dry Silanes
As Above

DEOGRIP Micro S - Matting /Anti-slip/skid Additive
DEOLINK Micro S is a matting and antislip agent for
solvent based systems that can be used to create a
soft-touch feel while providing a good grip.
Based on a radically modified castor oil, DEOGRIP
Micro S is typically used at 5 to 15% range to obtain the
aforementioned effects.
DISPARLON® Additives
for Surface Control and Thixotropy
Disparlon additives are manufactured by Kusumoto
Chemicals Ltd. of Tokyo, Japan. Through a technology
partnership spanning over three decades, King Industries,
Inc. serves as exclusive sales, technical service and
marketing arm in North and South America.
DISPARLON® Thixotropes
Introduction
Disparlon thixotropes offer today’s formulators a wide
choice of unique products for conventional, high solids
and aqueous coatings, as well as specialty additives for
inks, adhesives, gel-coats, sealants and caulks. Their
primary advantages over other types of thixotropes
(organo-clay, castor wax or fumed silica) are:





Superior shear thinning
Non-seeding
Maximum anti-sagging/anti-settling
Excellent stability on aging
Superior performance in high gloss systems
Disparlon anti-sag and anti-settling agents can be
characterized into two functional types:
NON-PIGMENT DEPENDENT - These types of
thixotropes, which include polyamide powders and
pastes function by forming a three dimensional network.
Since these thixotropes are non-associative by nature,
they do not require the presence of pigments or fillers to
function. These thixotropes can be used in pigmented or
clear systems.
PIGMENT DEPENDENT - These products are dependent
on the type and level of pigment in the formulation, since
they adsorb onto pigment surfaces to provide thickening
efficiency.
Also included in the pigment dependent type are
“Hybrids”, polyamide waxes that are coated with pigment
dependent polyethylene waxes. These “Hybrids” offer
excellent pigment suspension plus sag control.
DISPARLON® ADDITIVES
The Disparlon trade name is applied to a series of
functional additives used in paint, ink, adhesive and
sealant markets worldwide. Major product types include,
thixotropes, dispersants and surface control agents.
Originally designed for solvent systems, the Disparlon line
has expanded in recent years to include high performance
additives used in aqueous, powder and uv systems.
.
Types Of Thixotropes
NON-PIGMENT DEPENDENT TYPE
Magnification of Disparlon 6900-20X
under an electron microscope, illustrative
of polyamide based thixotropes.
PIGMENT DEPENDENT TYPE
Magnification of Disparlon 4200-10 under an
electron microscope showing oxidized polyolefin particles that will absorb on the surface
of pigments and other thixotropes.
“HYBRID” PIGMENT DEPENDENT
Magnification of Disparlon NS-30
under an electron microscope showing
polyamide coated with oxidized
polyolefin.
DISPARLON® is a registered trademark of Kusumoto Chemicals Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
Pages 39 & 40
Disparlon Powder Polyamide Thixotropes
Powder thixotropes (100% active) require heat and/or
hydrogen bonding to activate. By heating these thixotropes
to the appropriate temperature in the formulation using
good agitation, the polyamide will swell and disperse
(activate), and provide very efficient thickening.
Hydrogen bonding from materials such as amine
functional and hydroxyl functional solvents and resins will
help lower the activation temperature. Products are
available for coatings, sealants and adhesives.
Powder Thixotropes Selection Chart
DISPARLON 6500
Sealants & Adhesives
Lower activation temperatures
Activation Temperature:
60°C to 65°C in solvent or monomer
90° to 110°C in resins
For use in coatings and sealants
Excellent recoatability
DISPARLON 6300
Activation Temperature: 60°C to 70°C
High efficiency, maintenance coatings
DISPARLON 6600
DISPARLON 6100
Lowest activation temperature
MMA, adhesives and sealants
Coatings
Lowest activation temperature
For use in coatings and adhesives
DISPARLON 6650
Activation Temperature: 60°C to 70° C
Cost effective, maintenance coatings
DISPARLON 6200
Low activation temperature
Sealants and adhesives
DISPARLON 6700
High solids and 100% solids epoxy
Composition
Volatile
Solids %
Form
Additive Level
By Total Weight
Attributes/Uses
DISPARLON
6100*
Polyamide
_
100%
Powder
0.5 - 3.0%
Sag/Slump control. Lowest activation
temperature. Designed specifically for MMA,
adhesives and sealants.
DISPARLON
6200*
Polyamide
_
100%
Powder
0.5 - 3.0%
Sag/Slump control. Low activation
temperature. Designed specifically for
adhesives and sealants.
DISPARLON
6300
Polyamide
_
100%
Powder
0.5 - 2.0%
Ideal for use in formulations where a low
activation temperature is needed such as
100% solids epoxy coatings and adhesives.
DISPARLON
6500
Polyamide
_
100%
Powder
0.5 - 2.0%
Sag control. Most versatile. General purpose
coatings and sealants.
DISPARLON
6600
Polyamide
_
100%
Powder
0.5 - 2.0%
Sag control with improved recoatability for
coatings, such as epoxy primers.
DISPARLON
6650
Polyamide
_
100%
Powder
0.5 - 2.0%
Cost effective sag control with improved
recoatability for coatings, such as
epoxy primers.
DISPARLON
6700
Polyamide
-
100%
Powder
0.5 - 2.0%
Sag control in heavy-duty paints. Particularly
effective in 100% solids epoxies and epoxy
coatings containing polar solvents.
PRODUCT
* DISPARLON 6100 and 6200 are not available in the EU.
Powder Thixotropes Incorporation
The polyamide powder thixotropes need to be activated
(swelled and dispersed) in the system. Add the powder to
the pigment grind portion of the formulation. While
grinding the pigments, allow the temperature of the grind
to rise to the temperatures shown in the selection chart
above. Once at the “activation temperature” continue to
grind for 15 minutes to get full activation of the polyamide.
After activating the polyamide, it is generally best to mix
slowly during the first 20ºC of cool down. The slow mixing
during cool down will give the system the most uniform
and reproducible rheology.
Please note, these materials will activate at lower
temperatures than shown in the chart when in the
presence of alcohols or amines, due to increased
hydrogen bonding.
Disparlon Preactivated Polyamide Thixotropes
The preactivated polyamide thixotropes are ready to use.
They do not require heat for activation, and can be added
directly to the formulation. These materials can be used
in clear as well as pigmented systems, and offer good
anti-sag and anti-settling properties. The preactivated
polyamides are commonly used in coatings such as aerosol paints, clear coats, architectural stains, auto refinish,
industrial and maintenance coatings. They can also be
used to orient metallic pigments and flattening pigments
in oil modified urethanes.
DISPARLON 6900-20X
General Purpose
10 micron particle size - Best in films <1 mil
Industrial Coatings
DISPARLON A670-20M
DISPARLON A650-20X
Satin & flat oil modified
DIY urethanes and stains
20 micron particle size
Best in films over 1 mil, most efficient
Moisture Cured Urethanes
DISPARLON A603-20X
Alcohol free version of 6900-20X
Moisture cure urethanes
DISPARLON F-9030
DISPARLON A671-EZ
Benzyl alcohol carrier
Use in 100% solids epoxies
Easier incorporation
DIY urethanes and stains
DISPARLON PFA-231
HAPS free version of 6900-20X
DISPARLON PFA-240
0 VOC version of 6900-20X
DISPARLON BB-102
Ultra fine particle size. Post Addable.
PRODUCT
Composition
Volatile
Solids %
Form
DISPARLON
A603-20X
Pre-activated
Polyamide Wax
Xylene
20%
Paste
0.5 - 5.0%
Moisture cure urethane systems
DISPARLON
A650-20X
Pre-activated
Polyamide Wax
Xylene
Alcohols
20%
Paste
0.5 - 5.0%
Primers and industrial maintenance
coatings. Best efficiency in thick films.
DISPARLON
A670-20M
Pre-activated
Polyamide Wax
Mineral Spirits
Alcohols
20%
Paste
0.5 - 5.0%
DIY and industrial stains for good antisettling of pigments. DIY varnishes for
suspension/spacing of flattening pigments.
DISAPRLON
A671-EZ
Pre-activated
Polyamide Wax
Mineral Spirits
Alcohol
10%
Paste
0.5 - 5.0%
Easier to use version of A670-20M
DISPARLON
6900-20X
Pre-activated
Polyamide Wax
Xylene
Alcohols
20%
Paste
0.5 - 1.5% anti-settling
1.0 - 5.0% anti-sagging
General purpose. Best gloss in thin films &
clears or with metallic and pearlescent
pigments.
DISPARLON
F-9030
Pre-activated
Polyamide Wax
Benzyl
Alcohols
30%
Paste
0.4-4.0%
100% solids epoxy systems and epoxy floor
paints.
DISPARLON
BB-102
Pre-activated
Polyamide Wax
Butyl Acetate
Alchols
10%
Paste
0.5 - 5.0%
Pourable paste. Post addable, HAPS free
for best overall appearance and easiest
incorporation.
DISPARLON
PFA-231
Preactivated
Polyamide Paste
Hydrocarbons,
Ethanol/IPA
20%
Paste
0.5 - 5.0%
Haps-free version of 6900-20X.
DISPARLON
PFA-240
Pre-activated
Polyamide Wax
PCBTF
20%
Paste
0.5 - 5.0%
0 VOC version of 6900-20X.
Preactivated Thixotropes Incorporation
The preactivated pastes are best added to the end of the
grind and dispersed with good agitation before the
letdown step. It is also recommended to incorporate the
pastes by making a master batch. This method involves
Additive Level
By Total Weight
Attributes/Uses
pre-dispersing the paste in a resin/solvent medium
(4 parts resin/1 part solvent/1 part Disparlon). It is
important to avoid air entrapment. Please mix with a
vortex only to the shaft. Please refer to individual
technical data sheets for more information. Disparlon
A671-EZ and BB-102 can be post added.
DYI - Urethane & Stains
Preactivated Thixotropes
Selection Chart
Pages 41 & 42
Performance Comparison
Additive Type:
A:
B:
C:
D:
E:
F:
G:
H:
I:
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
Blank
EVA Copolymer Wax (10% Xylene)
DISPARLON 4200-10
DISPARLON 6900-20X
DISPARLON 6900-20X/4200-10 (NS-5500)
Organo Clay (1)
Organo Clay (2)
Organo Clay (3)
Fumed Silica
Formulation:
Acrylic melamine metallic base coat. 2 weeks after
adjusting viscosity to 15 sec., #4 FORD Cup
Disparlon Pigment Dependent Thixotropes
This type of thixotrope imparts rheology by setting up a
network structure with pigments, fillers, and even particle
swelling thixotropes. These thixotropes are designed for
pigmented systems only and help control flood/float,
prevent settling and provide good sag resistance
properties.
Pigment Dependent Thixotropes Selection
Hybrid Thixotropes
Polyamide/Polyolefin
Anti-setting and Anti-sagging
Oxidized Polyolefin
Anti-settling Agent
DISPARLON NS-30
Maintenance coatings, zinc rich primers, and 2K epoxies (amide side)
DISPARLON 4200-20
Use in epoxies, acrylics and urethanes
DISPARLON NS-5500
DISPARLON 4200-10
Metallic flip/flop improvement
Excellent pigment suspension
Use in epoxies, acrylics and urethanes
Liquid: can be post-added
DISPARLON F-9050
Solvent free
Excellent pigment suspension
Composition
Volatile
Solids %
Form
DISPARLON
4200-10
Oxidized
Polyethylene
Xylene
10%
Liquid
1.0 - 5.0%
All non-aqueous pigmented systems.
Anti-Settling Agent. Complies with FDA 21CFR
Section 175.300 (b) (3) xii & xiii (a) & (b)
DISPARLON
4200-20
Oxidized
Polyethylene
Xylene
20%
Paste
0.3 - 1.0%
All non-aqueous pigmented systems Anti-Settling
Agent. Complies with FDA 21 CFR Section 175.300
(b) (3) xii & xiii (a) & (b)
DISPARLON
NS-30
Hybrid of Oxidized
Polyethylene
with Polyamide
Xylene
15%
Paste
1.0 - 5.0%
For polyamide side of 2K epoxy maintenance
coatings. Not recommended for high gloss coatings.
Anti-sag & settle.
DISPARLON
NS-5500
Hybrid ofOxidized
Polyethylene
with Polyamide
Aromatic 100
Alcohols
7.5%
Liquid
2.0 - 5.0%
Easy to use fluid paste for improved flip/flop with
metallics and orientation and anti-settling of flattening silica and inorganic pigments. Post-add.
DISPARLON
F-9050
Hybrid of Oxidized
Polyethylene
with Polyamide
Low
Volatility
Diluent
20%
Paste
1.0 - 5.0%
Solvent free anti-sag and anti-settling agent.
PRODUCT
Additive Level
By Total Weight
Attributes/Uses
Pigment Dependent Thixotropes Incorporation
For best results these thixotropes should be added to the
grind portion of the formulation and attain a temperature of
50⁰C.
DISPARLON 4200-10 and NS-5500 can be added to the
letdown or post added.
Disparlon Thixotropes for Aqueous Systems
The DISPARLON AQ Series of anti-settling and pigment
orientation agents are recommended for use in waterborne coatings, inks, varnishes and stains. They are extremely shear thinning which allows for easy application
by spray, dip, brush or roller, while maintaining excellent
anti-settling in the container. The AQ Series is designed
to suspend dense materials such as metallic, pearlescent
and iron oxide pigments, while maintaining low “in can”
viscosity and good sag resistance.
Thixotropes for Aqueous Systems Selection
DISPARLON AQH-800
Water Reducible Systems
Emulsions and Dispersions
General purpose - Very shear thinning
Easy to use as post add
DISPARLON AQ-607/AQX-60
Dispersions and emulsions
Very Efficient
DISPARLON AQ-870
DISPARLON AQ-610/AQX-61
Liquid version of AQ-600
Emulsions and dispersions
AQ Series Performance
Excellent Anti-Settling**
Excellent Sag Control**
Excellent Pigment Orientation
75 µ
100 µ
150 µ
200 µ
250 µ
Blank
AQH-800
ASE Type
Urethane
ASE Type
Urethane
2% AQ-600
Blank
PRODUCT
Volatile
Solids %
Water
20%
Gel
1.0 - 3.0%
Water reducible systems.
17%
Gel
1.0 - 3.0%
Dispersions and emulsions.
Best compatibility. Excellent efficiency.
17%
Gel
1.0 - 3.0%
Dispersions and emulsions.
15%
Liquid
1.0 - 3.0%
Water reducible systems.
Liquid version of AQ-600.
10%
Liquid
1.0 - 3.0%
General purpose anti-settle and antisag. Post addable. Easiest to use.
Recommended for all waterborne
Composition
AQH-800
Blank
** All samples tested at application viscosity:
FC #4 - 27 sec. (25℃)
Additive Level
Attributes/Uses
DISPARLON
AQ-600
Polyamide
DISPARLON
AQ-607
Polyamide
DISPARLON
AQ-610
Polyamide
DSPARLON
AQ-870
Polyamide
DSPARLON
AQH-800
Polyamide
Hybrid
DISPARLON
AQX-60
Polyamide
Water
15%
Gel
1.0 - 3.0%
Co-solvent free version of AQ-607
DISPARLON
AQX-61
Polyamide
Water
15%
Gel
1.0 - 3.0%
Co-solvent free version of AQ-610.
7% Propylene Glycol
Mono Methyl Ether
Water
5% Propylene Glycol
Water
4% Propylene Glycol
Mono Butyl Ether
Water
8% 2-ethylhexanol
N, N, trimethylethanolamine
Water
8% Propylene Glycol
Mono Methyl Ether
DISPARLON AQ-600
Water reducible systems
AQ Series Thixotropes Incorporation
Disparlon AQ-600, 607, 610, AQX-60, AQX-61 should be prediluted before addition:
 Mix AQ with water (4 parts water/1 part AQ), at low to medium shear for 20 minutes, and add to the batch
with good mixing. Water should be preneutralized and mix without vortexing to the blade.
 Disparlon AQH-800 & AQ-870 should be post added.
Pages 43 & 44
Disparlon Surface Tension Modifiers
The L Series and LCN-400 are leveling agents.
The LHP series eliminate cratering due to surface contamination by lowering the surface tension of the coating.
The LAP series eliminate popping in high solids and coil
coatings.
Surface Tension Modifiers for Solventborne Systems Selection Chart
Less Polar
More Polar
1958
OX-70
OX-60
Long Oil
Alkyds
Epoxies
Acrylics &
Polyesters
L-1983
L-1982
LCN-400
L-1984
Epoxies
Epoxy Phenolic
Can Coatings
General
Purpose
Polyesters
Acrylics
OX-750HF
Acrylics &
Polyesters
1970
High Solids
Polyester
Coil Coatings
L-1980
L-1985-50
Polyesters
Acetone
Alcohol Ctg.
LAP-10
LAP-20
LAP-30
High Solids Ctgs.
General Purpose
High Solids Ctgs.
High Solids Ctgs.
OX-883HF
Acrylics &
Polyesters
LHP-90
LHP-95
Wetting & Leveling
Primers & Topcoats
Wetting & Leveling
Primers & Topcoats
NSH-8430HF
LHP-91
MODIFIER’S FUNCTION
Best surface wetting
Topcoats
Topcoats
Defoaming
Anti-popping
Leveling
Anti-cratering
LHP-96
Lower Surface Tension
DISPARLON® SURFACE TENSION MODIFIERS
A comparison of defoaming, leveling, anti-cratering and
anti-popping additives as arranged by polarity is shown
below. The products are acrylic and vinyl based and give
excellent recoatability. The OX series are designed to
release air from the coating.
Topcoats
Defoamers for Solventborne Systems
PRODUCT
Composition
Volatile
Solids%
Form
Additive Level
By Total Weight
Attributes/Uses
DISPARLON
1958
Vinyl Polymer
Mineral Spirits
20%
Liquid
0.2 - 1.0%
For use with long oil alkyds.
DISPARLON
1970
Acrylic Polymer
Xylene
Mineral Spirits
40%
Liquid
0.2 - 0.8%
Baking enamels: automotive, coil.
DISPARLON
OX-60
Acrylic Polymer
Xylene
50%
Liquid
0.2 - 1.0%
Ambient cure and Bake Finishes.
Acrylic and polyester coatings.
Excellent in urethane coatings.
DISPARLON
OX-70
Acrylic Polymer
Toluene
Mineral Spirits
30%
Liquid
0.2 - 1.0%
Epoxy coatings. Ambient cure.
DISPARLON
OX-750 HF
Acrylic Polymer
Solvent Naptha
10%
Liquid
0.5 - 1.5%
Bake coatings. Automotive. HAPS
free.
DISPARLON
OX-883 HF
Acrylic Polymer
Solvent Naptha
30%
Liquid
0.2 - 1.5%
Bake coatings. Automotive. HAPS
free.
Anti-popping Agents for Solventborne Systems
Additive Level
By Total Weight
Composition
Volatile
Solids %
Form
Attributes/Uses
DISPARLON
LAP-10
Acrylic Polymer
Naphtha
n-Butyl Acetate
20%
Liquid
0.3-2.0%
All high solids systems.
Select based on coating polarity.
Coil coatings.
DISPARLON
LAP-20
Acrylic Polymer
n-Butyl Acetate
20%
Liquid
0.3 - 2.0%
Intermediate polarity coatings.
DISPARLON
LAP-30
Acrylic Polymer
n-Butyl Acetate
20%
Liquid
0.3 - 2.0%
High polarity coatings.
Leveling Agents for Solventborne Systems
DISPARLON
L-1980
Acrylic Polymer
DISPARLON
L-1982
Acrylic Polymer
DISPARLON
L-1983
Acrylic Polymer
DISPARLON
L-1984
_
100%
Liquid
0.1 - 0.5%
Polyesters, can, coil.
Complies with FDA 21 CFR*
100%
Liquid
0.1 - 0.5%
Epoxy phenolic can coatings.
_
100%
Liquid
0.1 - 0.5%
Epoxy coatings.
Complies FDA 21 CFR*
Acrylic Polymer
_
100%
Liquid
0.1 - 0.5%
Most versatile. Acrylic & polyester
based coatings. Automotive
coatings.Complies FDA 21 CFR*
DISPARLON
LCN-400
Acrylic Polymer
n-butyl
acetate
50%
Liquid
0.1 - 1.0%
General purpose, cost effective,
easy to use.
DISPARLON
L-1985-50
Acrylic Polymer
Toluene
50%
Liquid
0.1– 1.0%
Coatings containing very polar
solvents such as, ethanol,
methanol, or acetone.
-
Anti-cratering Agents for Solventborne Systems
DISPARLON
LHP-90
Vinyl Polymer
Naphtha
Ethyl acetate
N-Butyl alcohol
50%
Liquid
1.0 - 2.0%
Excellent substrate wetting and
leveling. Eliminates surface defects. Silicone free. Auto refinish
and industrial coatings.
DISPARLON
LHP-91
Vinyl Polymer
Silicone Modified
Naphtha
Ethyl acetate
N-Butyl alcohol
50%
Liquid
1.0 - 2.0%
Silicone modified version of
Disparlon LHP-90.
DISPARLON
LHP-95
Acrylic Polymer
Naphtha
50%
Liquid
1.0 - 2.0%
Excellent substrate wetting and
leveling. Eliminates surface defects. Silicone free. Auto refinish
and industrial coatings.
DISPARLON
LHP-96
Acrylic Polymer
Silicone Modified
Naphtha
50%
Liquid
1.0 - 2.0%
Silicone modified version of
Disparlon LHP-95.
DISPARLON
NSH-8430 HF
Acrylic Silicone
Copolymer
Solvent naphtha,
butyl acetate
10%
Liquid
0.5 - 2.0%
Silicone acrylic copolymer. Excellent wetting and leveling with good
recoatability. Primers and topcoats. Bake systems.
PL Series Surface Tension Modifiers for Solventless - Powder Systems
DISPARLON
PL-545
Vinyl Polymer
Castor Oil Derivative
100%
Powder
0.5 - 3.0%
General purpose leveling.
Complies FDA 21 CFR*
* FDA 21 CFR Section 175.300 (b) (3) xii & xiii (a & b)
DISPARLON® SURFACE TENSION MODIFIERS
PRODUCT
Pages 45 & 46
Surface Tension Modifiers for Aqueous Systems Selection Chart
Disparlon AQ-501
Disparlon AQ-7533
Anti-popping
DISPARLON® UVX ADDITIVES FOR UV SYSTEMS
Defoaming & Anti-popping
Disparlon AQ-7120
Wetting & Leveling
Excellent Recoatability
FUNCTION KEY:
Defoaming
Anti-popping
Wetting & Leveling
Disparlon LS-430
Strong Wetting & Leveling
Anti-cratering
Lower Surface Tension
More Polar
Less Polar
AQ Series Surface Tension Modifiers for Aqueous Systems
PRODUCT
Composition
Volatile
Solids%
Additive Level
Attributes/Uses
DISPARLON
AQ-7120
Silicone acrylic
copolymer
2-Ethylhexyl
Alcohol
30%
Liquid
0.5 - 1.5%
Excellent wetting and leveling with
excellent recoatability.
DISPARLON
LS-430
Polyether
modified silicone
Propylene glycol
monmethylether
50%
Liquid
0.03-1.0%
Strong wetting, leveling and anticratering.
DISPARLON
AQ-501
Vinyl Polymer
Surfactants
Petroleum
Naphtha
85%
Liquid
0.3 - 1.0%
Anti-popping agent for waterborne
bake systems.
DISPARLON
AQ-7533
Vinyl Polymer
Surfactants
Hydrocarbon,
2-ethylhexyl alcohol
30%
Liquid
1.0-3.0%
Universal defoamer and anti-popping
agent for all types of waterborne
coatings.
Disparlon Dispersants & Anti-flood/Anti-float Additives
The Disparlon dispersing agents are formulated for
effectiveness depending upon the pigment type and the
system’s polarity, to:




Improve color strength and gloss
Prevent flocculation
Reduce grinding time
Reduce-eliminate flood & float problems
PRODUCT
Composition
While all products are well suited in eliminating floating
problems, each has specific strengths in terms of other
characteristics such as the prevention of flooding and
Bernard cell formation, as well as imparting superior
pigment wetting and stabilization of the pigment
dispersion. Dispersants should be added to the vehicle
before pigment addition; KS-273N and KS-873N can be
post added.
Volatile
Solids %
Form
Additive Level
By Total Weight
Attributes/Uses
Anti-flood & Anti-float
DISPARLON
KS-273N
Amine Salt of
Polyester with Acrylic
Polymer
Xylene
45%
Liquid
0.2 - 1.0%
Mixed organic and inorganic
pigments. Prevents
flocculation and flood/float.
DISPARLON
KS-873N
Anionic Surfactant
Xylene
45%
Liquid
0.2 - 1.0%
Mixed organic and inorganic
pigments. Prevents
flocculation and flood/float.
% Pigment Weight
Dispersants
DISPARLON
DA-325
DISPARLON
DA-375
Amine Salt of
Polyester
Phosphate Ester
Polyether Phosphate
-
-
100%
Liquid
1-20% (Inorganic
100%
Liquid
1-20% (Inorganic
Pigments/Fillers)
30-100% (Organic
Pigments/Carbon Black)
Pigments/Fillers)
30-100% (Organic
Pigments/Carbon Black)
Solvent-free. Dispersing of
organic pigments.
Solvent-free. Dispersing of
organic pigments.
AQ Series Dispersants for Aqueous Systems
The DISPARLON AQ series of dispersants for waterborne
systems were designed for two distinct types of pigments.
DISPARLON AQ-320 and AQ-330 are recommended for
pearlescent and metallic pigments while DISPARLON
AQ-340 and AQ-380 were designed for dispersing carbon
black and other organic pigments.
Carbon Black & Other Pigments
Metallic & Pearlescent Pigments
DISPARLON AQ-380
Containing Co-solvents
Without Co-solvents
General Purpose
DISPARLON AQ-320
DISPARLON AQ-330
DISPARLON AQ-340
PRODUCT
DISPARLON
AQ-7120
Composition
Silicone Acrylic
Polymers
2-Ethylhexyl
Alcohol
Volatile
Solids %
30%
Form
Liquid
Additive Level
0.5 - 1.5%
By Total Weight
Attributes/Uses
DISPARLON
DISPARLON
AQ-320
AQ-501
Polyether
Vinyl Polymer
Phosphate
Surfactants
Petroleum
Naphtha
100%
85%
Liquid
Liquid
1-20% (Inorganic
Pearlescent and metallic pigment
0.3 - 1.0%
Anti-popping agent for water reducible
Pigments), 30 to 100%
dispersions made with cosolvent
and emulsion bake systems.
(Organic Pigments)
such as butylglycol.
DISPARLON
DISPARLON
AQ-7533
AQ-330
Polyether
Phosphate
-
100%
Liquid
1-20% (Inorganic
(Organic Pigments)
Pearlescent and metallic pigment
dispersions made without
cosolvent.
DISPARLON
AQ-340
Amine Salt of
Polyether
Phosphate
Water,
Propylene glycol
monomethylether
30%
Liquid
3-30% (Inorganic
(Organic Pigments)
Specifically designed to disperse
carbon black and organic pigments
in waterborne formulations.
DISPARLON
AQ-380
Acrylic
Polymer
Propylene glycol
monomethylether
30%
Liquid
3-30% (Inorganic
(Carbon Black & Organic
Pigments)
Specifically designed to disperse
carbon black and organic pigments
in waterborne formulations.
Excellent wetting and leveling with
excellent recoatability.
AQ Dispersants Performance
Dispersion of Aluminum
Paste - WB Basecoat
Dispersion of Pearlescent
Paste - WB Basecoat
WB Acrylic/HMMM Coating
20° Gloss - Control: 53.8, With AQ-380: 91.4
(Containing co-solvent)
Control
Control
With
1.5% AQ-330
DISPARLON® ANTI-FLOOD & ANTI-FLOAT AGENTS
AQ Dispersants Selection Chart
With
1.5% AQ-320
Control
With 16% AQ-380
Pages 47 & 48
Disparlon UVX Series Additives for UV Systems
DISPARLON® UVX ADDITIVES FOR UV SYSTEMS
A comparison of solvent free defoaming, leveling, and
wetting additives as arranged by polarity is shown below.
The UVX series are designed specifically for use in
UV formulations. The products are based on acrylic,
vinyl and silicone acrylic polymers and give excellent
recoatability.
Surface Tension Modifiers for UV Systems Selection Chart
Less Polar
More Polar
UVX-190
UVX-189
UVX-188
Epoxies
General
Purpose
Acrylics
L-1983
UVX-36
UVX-35
Epoxies
Acrylics
Highest
Polarity
UVX-272
Lowest surface tension
Acrylic Silicone Copolymer
KEY: MODIFIER FUNCTION
Defoaming
Leveling
General Purpose
Wetting
UVX Performance
Defoaming In wet urethane acrylate clearcoat
Onset
(0 Minutes)
Control
UVX-189
Wetting Comparison
Urethane Acrylate Clearcoat - 50µ on Polypropylene Film
Comp.
Elapsed
Time
(90 Minutes)
PRODUCT
BLANK
Composition
Solids%
Form
Additive Level
By Total Weight
UVX-272
Fluorocarbon
Attributes/Uses
DEFOAMERS
DISPARLON
UVX-188
Vinyl Polymer
100%
Liquid
0.5 - 1.0%
For use in cationic epoxy based UV systems.
DISPARLON
UVX-189
Vinyl Polymer
100%
Liquid
0.5 - 1.0%
General purpose. For use in cationic epoxy and acrylic
based UV systems.
DISPARLON
UVX-190
Vinyl Polymer
100%
Liquid
0.5 - 1.0%
For use in acrylic based UV systems.
LEVELING ADDITIVES
DISPARLON
L-1983
Acrylic Polymer
100%
Liquid
0.5 - 1.0%
For use in epoxy based UV systems. Complies with
FDA 21 CFR Section 175.300 (b) (3) xii & xiii (a & b)
DISPARLON
UVX-35
Vinyl Polymer
100%
Liquid
0.5 - 1.0%
For use in highly polar UV systems.
DISPARLON
UVX-36
Vinyl Polymer
100%
Liquid
0.5 - 1.0%
For use in acrylic UV systems.
1000%
Liquid
0.5 - 1.0%
General purpose, fluorocarbon replacement. For use in
cationic epoxy and acrylic UV systems.
WETTING ADDITIVES
DISPARLON
UVX-272
Acrylic Silicone
Polymer
King Global Network
In addition to coatings additives, King manufacturers and markets specialty products for the lubricant
industry, electronics industry, rubber industry, inks, sealants and adhesives. For additional information on
King products or our global network of technical sales representatives, please contact our primary offices
as shown below.
WORLD HEADQUARTERS
ASIA-PACIFIC OFFICE
EUROPEAN OFFICE
King Industries, Inc.
1 Science Rd.
Norwalk, CT 06852
Phone: 203-866-5551
Fax: 203-866-1268
Email: [email protected]
Synlico Tech (Zhongshan) Co., Ltd.
106 Chuangye Building, Kang Le Ave.
Torch Development Zone,
Zhongshan, China
Phone: 86 760 88229866
Fax: 86 760 88229896
King Industries, International
Noordkade 64
2741 EZ Waddinxveen
The Netherlands
Phone: 31 182 631360
Fax: 31 182 621002
COATINGS TECHNICAL SUPORT
With decades of experience, King’s technical service and research scientists are ready to assist you in the
development of your specific requirements for your particular formulations. From answering a quick question to collaborative development projects under secrecy agreements, we view intensive technical support
of our products as the foundation of our business. Please contact as shown above if we can assist you.
Additional Information - Visit us at: www.kingindustries.com
Detailed product data sheets for each product and performance reports are available by contacting the
King offices as shown above or emailing; [email protected].
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE & CONTACT INFORMATION
King Industries is headquartered in Norwalk, CT, USA and maintains technical sales offices in
Waddinxveen, The Netherlands and Zhongshan, China. A network of technical sales representatives and
distributors serve King customers in virtually every industrialized country of the world.
WARRANTY OF INFORMATION
The conditions of your use and application of our products, technical assistance and information (whether verbal, written or by way of product evaluations),
including any suggested formulations and recommendations, are beyond our control. Therefore, it is imperative that you test our products, technical
assistance and information to determine to your own satisfaction whether they are suitable for your intended uses and applications. Such testing has not
necessarily been done by King Industries, Inc. (“King”). The facts, recommendations and suggestions herein stated are believed to be reliable; however, no
guaranty or warranty of their accuracy is made. EXCEPT AS STATED, THERE ARE NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS OR OTHERWISE. KING SHALL NOT BE HELD LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR
EXEMPLARY DAMAGES. Any statement inconsistent herewith is not authorized and shall not bind King. Nothing herein shall be construed as a
recommendation to use any product(s) in conflict with patents covering any material or its use. No license is implied or granted under the claims of any
patent. Sales or use of all products are pursuant to Standard Terms and Conditions stated in King sales documents.
CGB-112012
Pages 49 & 50
Pages 37 & 38

Solutions for Coatings, Inks, Adhesives, Elastomers and Sealants

Transcription

Similar documents

protint 751 update

LIGHTED SIGN FACES AND TRADESHOW OVERLAM

coatings performance

acrylic coatings - Renner Sports Surfaces

presentation

DURANAR® Coatings Innovations

prefinished lp® smartside® trim and siding

Kalcor High-Performance Coatings for Cosmetics Packaging

Improving waterborne coatings using a formulated nanoparticle