Confucianism Daoism Legalism PDF

CONFUCIANISM, DAOISM, & LEGALISM
Section 3
CONFUCIUS
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Born poor
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Became scholar, (failed) local ruler, & teacher
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Never wrote down ideas
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Students wrote his sayings in The Analects
Confucius was not concerned about a relationship with
god/spirits, but rather personal relationships and order
THE ANALECTS
CONFUCIANISM
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Philosophy (system of ideas)
Concerned with worldly goals
• No afterlife
Ensure order
Good government
Honesty, hard work, concern for others
The Golden Rule: Do to others what you would want them to do to
you
FILIAL PIETY
FILIAL PIETY
FILIAL PIETY
FILIAL PIETY
FILIAL PIETY
FILIAL PIETY
FILIAL PIETY
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Respect for parents/elders above all else
FIVE RELATIONSHIPS
Confucius believed that rulers would lead by moral example and
people would behave properly through the example of those
superior to them
1. Ruler
subject
2. Parent
child
3. Husband
wife
4. Elder brother
younger brother
5. Friend
friend
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CONFUCIANISM & GOVERNMENT
Han Dynasty - Confucian ideas/scholars used to bring
peace/order
• Left a permanent mark on China
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Used in later dynasties throughout China’s history
• Civil service exams - people took tests to get into
government
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Confucian ideas spread to Korea & Japan
TODAY’S ASIAN
RELIGIONS/
BELIEFS
DAOISM: THE UNSPOKEN WAY
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Founded by Laozi
Lived during time of Confucius
Less worry about human affairs
Harmony with nature
Focus on the Dao (the way) of the universe
• Things will work out
Don’t tell people how they’re suppose to act
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YIN & YANG
!"!Feminine!
!"!Passive!
!"!Darkness!
!"!Cold!
!"!Weak!
!"!Earth;!
!"!Moon!
!"!Masculine!
!"!Active!
!"!Light!
!"!Warmth!
!"!Strong!
!"!Heaven;!!
!"!Sun!
YIN & YANG
DAOISM & GOVERNMENT
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Govt and attempts to build govt are useless
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Govt leads to competition. Competition leads to fighting
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Less government is better
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War only used for defensive purposes
QUESTION
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Why do you think some teachers are super strict?
Hint: the answer is not because they are jerks
LEGALISM
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Founded by Han Feizei
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The only way to achieve order is strict laws & harsh
punishments
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Strength is important for a ruler
LEGALISM & GOVERNMENT
Qin Dynasty (221 - 202 BCE)
• Shi Huangdi unites China using Legalism
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NO More Feudalism
• 36 Military Districts created
• Noble families forced to live in the capital Xianyang
• Why would he do this?
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ACHIEVEMENTS OF QIN LEGALISM
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Great Wall of China
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Protects the country from invasion
Terracotta Army
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Army to protect Shi Huangdi in the afterlife
Improved road/canal systems
• Uniform writing, weights and measures, currency
• Even the axels on a cart were to be the same width
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QUESTION
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None of these philosophies offer salvation. What religion
do you think spread from India because it provided that
salvation?
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Why do you think this interferes with Confucianism or
Legalism?