© M acmillan Education Australia For review purposes only

Transcription

Student
F
9781420203929
9781420203936
9781420203943
9781420261318
9781420261325
9781420261349
9781420261356
9781420261363
No book at
this level
A l s o
9781420261332
A l s o
a v a i l ab l e
Spelling Rules! Teacher Resource Book Ages 5–8
Spelling Rules! Teacher Resource Book Ages 8–12+
9781420204285
Spelling Rules! teacher support on CD
l workbook in IWB-friendly
format
l IWB teaching tips for every unit
l differentiated word lists and
answers in editable format.
Packed with:
l practical background information about spelling development
l teaching tips for each unit
l extra word lists
l guidelines for assessing spelling and diagnosing spelling error
l support for struggling spellers and extension for more able spellers.
9781420204292
TEXTS
a v a i l ab l e
m
9781420276749
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
F
1
2
3
4
5
6
D
4
E
5
F
6
G
7
Supports the New Zealand English Curriculum
Student Book
NZ Level
A
1
B
2
C
3
and
Janelle
Ho
For review purposes only
Supports the Australian Curriculum English
Student Book
Australian
Curriculum Level
n
o
s
r
a
e
P
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l
He
TEXTS
us
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Companion Series
9781420203905 9781420203912
ac
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9781420203899
H e le n P e ars o n a n d J an elle H o
9781420203882
Helen Pearson and Janelle Ho combine many years of teaching experience
with strong backgrounds in linguistics, pedagogical theory and assessment.
Helen teaches as a literacy specialist and is also involved in developing
assessment resources to support learning. Janelle works as the Senior
Assessment Officer for Literacy at Educational Assessment Australia.
Both Helen and Janelle have been involved in establishing the International
Competitions and Assessments for Schools – Spelling.
p
kinaesthetic knowledge
phonological knowledge
visual knowledge
morphemic knowledge
etymological knowledge.
authors
ial
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l
l
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the
er
About
D e v e l o p s:
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S p e l l i n g R u l e s ! is a whole-school spelling program based on sound learning theory
and pedagogy. It is different to other workbook series because it teaches students strategies that move
spelling from working memory into long-term memory—making spelling stick!
SPELLING RULES!
The whole-school program
that makes spelling stick!
Book
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n Education
TEXTS
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For review
purposes
only
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P
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Ho
Hele
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Ma
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F
Name:
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Book
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Class:
Scope
Contents
Scope and Sequence................................................................. 3
Note to Teachers and Parents................................................... 4
Units 1–35................................................................................ 6–75
List Words in Unit Order........................................................... 76
List Words in Alphabetical Order.............................................. 78
Sequence
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Page
Sound-letter
patterns
Skill focus
Prefixes and
suffixes
(morphology)
1
6
plural suffixes
2
8
-ful
3
10
4
12
5
14
6
16
7
18
8
20
9
22
10
24
11
26
12
28
13
30
14
32
ch
Other
morphology
-ous
-ous, -ious
Latin and French
root words
Revision
-logy
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©M
MACMILLAN EDUCATION AUSTRALIA PTY LTD
15–19 Claremont Street, South Yarra 3141
Reprinted 2007 (three times), 2008, 2009, 2010 (twice), 2011
Visit our website at www.macmillan.com.au
Associated companies and representatives throughout the world.
Copyright © Helen Pearson, Janelle Ho/Macmillan Education Australia 2006
Spelling Rules! Book F
ISBN 978 1 4202 0393 6
Editor: Anna Fern
Managing Editor: Tricia Dearborn
Publisher: Sharon Dalgleish
Design by Trish Hayes and Stephen Michael King
Illustrations by Stephen Michael King
Printed in Malaysia
m
Greek root words
-al, -ic, -ally
-able, -ible
double consonants
Topic
words
abbreviations,
acronyms
adverbs of
frequency
word families
current/currant
occupations
acronyms, blends,
eponyms
Revision
aw, or, au
mis-, dis-, antiim-, in-, ir-, il-
34
antonyms
multiple affixes
16
36
17
38
18
40
19
42
qu
20
44
words ending in gue,
que
21
46
22
48
23
50
24
52
25
54
oy, ay, ey
26
56
y as vowel sound
27
58
28
60
29
62
30
64
pause/paws/pores/
pours
antonyms
word families
non-English words
Revision
ui
our
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First published in 2006 by
Homophones/
Confusing words
-ment, -dom,
-ship, -hood
15
Etymology
homophones
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Unit
Download curriculum links at www.macmillan.com.au/primary > Teacher Support tab
er
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Spelling Rules and Tips.............................................................. 80
and
sweet/suite, suit/suite,
crews/cruise
regional spelling
differences
Latin and Greek
root words
Revision
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-ant, -ent
current (adj) and
current (noun)
-ence, -ance
conscience/conscious
31
66
sh sound: s, sh, ch, sch, -tial, -cial,
ss, si, ci, ti
-tious -cious
32
68
long oo sound: ew, oo,
ue, u, ous; ow, aw
33
70
silent letters
34
72
35
74
Revision
Ireland/island
Christmas
Revision of Units 1–34
3
Note
Student Book F
to teachers and parents
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Spelling Rules!
A whole-school spelling program that makes spelling stick!
Some students are natural spellers. They seem to become proficient spellers without any explicit
instruction. But the vast majority of students need formal, systematic and sequential instruction about the
way spelling works and the strategies they can use to become independent, confident spellers and spelling
risk-takers.
p
Learning to spell involves developing different kinds of spelling knowledge. In many cases, particularly in
the upper grades, more than one kind of knowledge is called upon at a time. As they work through the
activities in each Spelling Rules! unit, students will develop:
N Kinaesthetic knowledge—the physical feeling when saying different sounds and words, and when
writing the shapes of letters and words.
N Phonological knowledge—how a word sounds and the patterns of sounds in words.
N Visual knowledge—how letters and words look and the visual patterns in words.
Student Book F contains 35 weekly units of work. See the Scope
and Sequence chart on page 3 for more information.
Word
lists
Spelling lists enable a particular rule, letter pattern, sound pattern,
etymology or morphemic element to be focused on. And they provide
sufficient examples to consolidate the teaching point. In Student Book F,
each unit (except Revision) has a list of fifteen spelling words. This is a
large enough list for students to learn the rule or pattern, but not so
large as to overwhelm students with too many words to learn. Research
shows that even able spellers need worthwhile extra learning activities—
not simply more words to learn.
The core words in the lists have been chosen to support the learning
focus and strategies being taught in the unit. In addition, some confusing
words and topic words are introduced. The words are listed in order
from simplest to more challenging, acknowledging the wide range of
student ability at this age.
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Spelling knowledge
of work
er
The Spelling Rules! program is based on sound linguistic and pedagogical theory. It is informed by recent
research into how students of different ages acquire and apply spelling skills, and how those skills
move from the working to the long-term memory. The program consists of seven Student Books, fully
supported by two Teacher Resource Books.
Units
SLLURP
Each word list begins with a reminder for students to SLLURP. SLLURP
summarises the strategies that will help spelling move from students’
working memory to their long-term memory.
N Morphemic knowledge—the meaning or function of words or parts of words.
N Etymological knowledge—the origins and history of words and the effect this has on spelling patterns.
Tip!
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Rule!
This icon highlights useful spelling rules. The rule is always introduced the first time students
will need it to complete an activity. There is also a handy summary of important rules on
page 80.
This icon tells students that a special clue or hint is provided for an activity. It may be a
spelling, grammar or punctuation convention, or a definition of a useful term.
Spelling Rules! Teacher Resource Book Ages 8-12+
m
Full teacher support for Student Book F is provided by Spelling Rules! Teacher Resource Book Ages 8-12+.
Here you will find valuable background information about spelling development and spelling knowledge,
along with practical resources, such as:
N
N
N
N
N
N
4
teaching tips for every unit in Student Book F
extra word lists
strategies for teaching spelling
guidelines for assessment and diagnosis of errors
activities to support struggling spellers
worthwhile extension for more able spellers.
Say the word carefully and slowly to yourself, Listen to how each part of the word sounds in sequence,
Look at the patterns of letters in the word and the shape of the word, Understand rules, word
meanings and word origins, Remember all the similar words you can already spell and relate this
knowledge to any new word, Practise writing the word until is firmly fixed in long-term memory.
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Icons used in Student Book F
SLLURP reminds students
about strategies they can use
to learn the words
List words support the
learning of the spelling
focus for the unit
Unit banner features
the spelling focus in the
context of a fun quiz
about sport
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Space to practise list
words; to write theme
words, personal words
or extension words;
or to practise other
words with the same
spelling focus. Adapt
this section to suit the
needs of your class
Spelling focus
highlighted in
colour
Spelling tips and
rules introduced
when students need
them to complete
an activity
Sequenced activities
Answer to
the quiz in the
unit banner
Footer shows
the spelling focus
for the unit
5
1
Which of these activities is performed in circuses?
3 Write the singular for each noun.
a. lawn bowls
b. tight-rope walking
c. loose-rope waddling
If a noun ends in s, ss, ch, sh, x or z,
add es to form the plural.
Say Listen Look Understand Remember Practise
Rule!
circuses
t
m
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g
a
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t
y
Exceptions: stomachs (just add s) and
quizzes (double the z before adding es).
stitches
mattresses
p
bus
witness
ostrich
sandwiches
scarves
valleys
chimneys
factories
priorities
waltz
stomach
rash
mattress
stitch
Rule!
crises feet
Nouns that end in o usually add es to form the plural. mosquitoes
Rule! Some exceptions: foreign words (kimonos), abbreviations (rhinos) and words ending in
two vowels (radios).
quiz
fox
videos
potatos
flamingos
videoes
potatoes
flamingoes
photos
mosquitos
photoes
mosquitoes
match
banjos
circus
banjoes
If a noun ends in a vowel + y, add s to
form the plural.
highway
highways
Rule!
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geniuses
dozen er
viruses
sheep 4 Circle the correct plural form.
1 Write the plural ending for each noun.
quizzes
women Nouns that end in f usually change the f to v before adding es to form the plural.
half
halves
All nouns ending in ff, and some nouns ending in f, just add s to form the plural.
cliffs
gulfs
trousers
If a noun ends in a consonant + y, change
the y to i and add es to form the plural.
copy
copies
berry
berries
handkerchiefs
volcanoes
5 Rewrite these sentences, making each noun plural. Change other words when necessary.
One puff of wind blew the scarf away.
donkey
valley
worry tray ac
©M
2 Write the plural.
mystery
chimney
factory
trolley priority trophy
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Unit
The wolf knocked the knife off the shelf.
Eponyms are words that were originally the name of a person or place.
Tip!
6 Match each words to its origin.
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sandwich
rugby
marathon
pavlova
snack named after an Earl who was too busy to eat a proper meal
6
Some words change the vowel or vowels to show the plural.
man
men
foot
feet
crisis
crises
Plural suffixes s, es
meringue-based dessert named after a Russian ballerina
long race named after a place in ancient Greece
game where you run with a ball, named after a school in England
Answer: b
Tip!
Some words do not change in the plural.
dozen
sheep
Plural suffixes s, es
7
2
Which of these animals can be trained to be skilful surfers?
Adding the suffix ful sometimes changes
the spelling of the base word.
pity
pitiful
Tip!
useful
scornful
skilful
wilful
p
wilful
Tip!
grateful
beautiful
6 Write the homophone. Use the picture as a clue.
peaceful
wonderful
awful fanciful
resentful
2 Group the base words of these adjectives.
deceitful
thoughtful
deceitful
playful
colourful
forgetful
peaceful
resentful
ial
beautiful
Homophones are words that sound the same but are spelt differently.
plentiful
Co
er
skilful
peace
great
steel
delightful
successful
plentiful
base word = noun
dutiful
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3 Write a list word that rhymes.
m
Antonyms can be made by:
• adding a prefix
helpful
unhelpful
• changing the suffix
careful
careless
waste
source
Words for quantities sometimes end in ful.
Tip!
cupful
Uncle Jim refuses to drink tea unless it has a
It should only take one
Che took one
of sugar in it.
of water to wash a car.
of milk and spat it out. It was sour!
8 Proofread this text. Circle the five mistakes and write the words correctly.
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Our neighbour, Mrs Jones, is over 80 but she is still very energetic. Yesterday she waved cheerfuly
as she walked past on her way to the shops. A few minutes later I heard her call out in pain. She
had triped on a crack in the footpath and was lying on the ground. She had torn her trowsers and
blood was dripping down her leg. Mum took her to the doctor and the cut needed five stitchs. Mrs
4 Write an antonym for each word.
ore
7 Use a word with the suffix ful to complete each sentence.
mournful
Antonyms are words that are opposite in meaning.
successful
base word = verb
hateful
insightful
Jones was thankfull that we were nearby when she needed help.
grateful
thoughtful
harmful
useful
Answer: a
8
successful
1 Write the base word for these adjectives.
awful
joyful
t
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a
i
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t
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skilful
Tip!
5 Make an adverb by adding ly to each adjective. Use each adverb in a sentence.
a. dogs
b. cows
c. pandas
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Unit
Adding suffix -ful; homophones
Adding suffix -ful; homophones
9
Unit
What is the greatest depth underwater that a diver
has ever gone without any breathing equipment?
3
5 Each group of words forms a category. Write a list word for each category and add more examples.
a. 40 metres
b. 2000 metres
c. 200 metres
t
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a
i
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t
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Category
local area
measurement
the world around us
amazement
p
use this to make music
achievement
instrument
strum
implement
erosion, recycling, pollution,
trial disagreement item
advertisement
point
disappointment
Tip!
our
Some words ending in ment can function as both nouns and verbs.
7 Use each word as a noun and as a verb.
experiment
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The suffixes ment, dom, ship and hood all form nouns.
The base word does not usually change when ment, dom, ship or hood are added.
compliment
3 Add ment, dom, ship or hood to each word to form the noun.
leader
child
achieve
employ
hard
govern
advertise
equip
m
adult
(noun)
Tip!
(verb)
(noun)
(verb)
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red
neighbourhood
When two or more words start with the same sound, it is called alliteration.
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4 Write the base word for each noun. Circle the word if the spelling of the base word has changed.
8 Add a descriptive word to complete these alliterations.
Charlie cheerfully challenged the
Debbie was
wisdom
movement
argument
boredom
Ann accepted the award in
Erin
champion.
disappointed to miss the dance.
amazement.
explained her experiment to the visiting expert.
Answer: c
10
wonder
rim
championship
tools
boredom
champion
,
Synonyms are words with the same or similar meanings.
sure
environment
,
6 Write a list word that is a synonym.
2 Write the list word that contains the smaller word.
experiment
king
hours, metres, grams,
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equipment
Tip!
,
er
a tool
excitement
free
violin, flute, drum,
1 Write a list word for each clue.
it tries to sell you something
argument
Tip!
Examples
Adding suffixes -ment, -dom, -ship, -hood
Adding suffixes -ment, -dom, -ship, -hood
11
Unit
What sport is Tony Hawk famous for?
4
4 Write a list word to describe each set of nouns.
a. BASE-jumping
b. skateboarding
c. lion taming
: cartoon, riddle, joke
Rule!
famous
dangerous
humorous
p
adjective
5 Write list words.
religious
Newspapers never print
caution
serious
curious
mischievous
cautious
hazardous
curiosity
adventurous
anxious
ridiculous
problem in our community.
achievement,” said Mr Lewis.
Mia blushed because she thought her mistake was
marvel
obvious
“Raising $1,000 is a
letters. Each letter must be signed.
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Graffiti is a
er
marvellous
: gun, electricity, bushfire
: Albert Einstein, Mother Teresa, Ian Thorpe
noun
enormous
: funnel-web spider, viper, stonefish
Words that end in ous are adjectives.
1 Complete the table.
anxious
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
: Uluru, brontosaurus, road train
I am
to everyone.
to know how Grandpa got a scar on his chin.
6 These pairs of words are synonyms. One word in each pair has a spelling error. Circle the misspelt
word and write it correctly.
venom
venomous
mischievous
poisonous – venormous ambitious
anonymous
adventurous – darring danger
anxous – worried furious – angrey famous
Rule!
humour
humourous – amusing humorous
Abbreviations are short forms of longer words. St = Street
Exceptions: words ending in ce or ge.
2 Add the suffix ous.
adventure
nerve
ridicule
m
vigour
rigour
odour
An acronym is a word formed from the initial letters of other words.
7 Write the full word or group of words for these abbreviations and acronyms. Use a dictionary if you
need help.
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anon.
govt
pop.
IT
radar Anzac
UN
PC
Answer: b
12
Tip!
glamour
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fame
If the base words ends in our,
drop the u before adding ous.
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Rule!
If the base word ends in e, drop the
e before adding ous.
Adding suffix -ous; abbreviations and acronyms
Adding suffix -ous; abbreviations and acronyms
13
a. a wreath of olive leaves
b. a basket of pine cones
c. a pie in the face
5 Each word is missing the sound sh, but it can be written in different ways. Write the missing letters.
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
deli — — ous
vi — — ous
syllables you hear.
Tip!
various
Many English words have their origins in words from other languages.
6 Write the list word that has come from each word.
p
er
victorious
precious
Delicia is the Latin word for delight.
Outre is the old French word meaning beyond.
luxurious
conscious
gorgeous
hideous
courteous
courageous
Furia is the Latin word for rage.
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delicious
Precios is an old French word meaning costly.
Cor is the Latin word for heart.
outrageous
7 Write a synonym ending in ous. Use each synonym in a sentence.
contagious
angry
miscellaneous
ac
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2 Circle g if it makes the soft g sound.
contagious
outrageous contagious gorgeous courageous
generous gracious religious glorious
brave
If the base word ends in ce or y, change the e or y to i before adding ous.
various
m
space vice luxury fury grace mystery victory
glory jealous
daring
unsigned
fur tag hide
lane rage cell
Adding suffix -ous to words ending in ce or y
hazardous
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envy 4 Write the list word that contains each smaller word.
14
spa — — ous
suspi — — ous
Etymology is the study of word origins.
envious
Tip!
con — — — ous
ambi — — ous
1 Group the list words according to the number of
furious
vary
cau — — ous
pre — — ous
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5
What did victorious athletes win in the
Ancient Greek Olympic games?
Answer: a
Unit
Adding suffix -ous to words ending in ce or y
15
Unit
6
R evisi0n
Lawnmower motors were once a useful addition to
the equipment used in which sport?
4 Use the clues to complete the puzzle.
1 Add a suffix to each word. Group the new words.
argue
champion
ship
luxury
leader
ment
Write the plural.
patch fortress quiz sheep factory poisonous careful valuable pensive stomach pe
g
ful
eful
2. of use
F
U
L
3. causes harm
F
U
L
4. without conflict
F
U
L
5. very sad
F
U
L
6. very pleasant
F
U
L
7. shameful
6 Write an antonym.
thoughtless scarce box
volcano
7 Write an alliterative word to complete each sentence.
flames devoured the forest.
David devoured a dozen
8
Tom
courteous + a + g
con
m
s
ful
ker
donuts.
Replace the phrases with an adverb ending in ly.
without signing his name
was
ious
neighbour
howl coming from the haunted house.
with humour
Later he watched
wrote a rhyming poem about his teacher, Ms Cross. The poem
worded and praised Ms Cross. Tom left the poem on his teacher’s desk.
with anxiety
as Ms Cross read the poem
with care
.
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His teacher looked at Tom and smiled.
“Tom wrote this poem very well.
That he is the poet is easy to tell,
For in humour does our Tom excel.
What a shame he has not learnt to spell!”
Answer: c
16
ful
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ment
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a
U
wolf precious + v
humorous + n + e
F
conscious We heard a
furious + c
1. terrible
rude
The fire’s
3 Use the clues to make a word.
L
cowardly worried knife U
ial
hood
mischief
5 Write a synonym.
Adjectives
Co
humour
ful
p
ous
wise
2
Nouns
dom
success
F
er
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
a. horse racing
b. triathlon
c. karting
Revision
Revision
17
echo
ache
choir
anchor
chemist
orchid
chronic
orchestra
architect
technology
character
psychology
archaeology
a group of singers a designer of buildings
an internal organ
reach
stomach
machine
anchor
champion
character
lichen
charades
2 Fill in the missing vowels to make list words.
ch — — r
— nch — r
—
C H
3
C H
E
3. chronikos = to do with time
4
C H
S
4. chrysallis = golden case
5
C H
E
2. chroma = colour
M
5. chrysanthemom = golden flower
6 Draw a line to match each logy word to its meaning.
meteorology
archaeology
the study of the mind and behaviour
the study of poisons
psychology
the study of animals
geology
the study of living things
biology
the study of rocks and minerals
zoology
the study of the past by digging up buried objects
cosmology
the study of weather
st — m — ch
chr — n — c
ch — m — st
—
toxicology
rch — — — l — gy
I had an earache. I went to the chemist to buy some drops. (so)
4 Write the plural.
m
echo
chorus
ache
the study of the origins of the universe
7 Join these simple sentences into one logical sentence using the word or words indicated.
Rachel is an archaeologist. Rachel spends a lot of time overseas. (who)
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an exotic flower
orchestra
personality
technology
a group of instruments
character
lasting a long time
stomach
Consonant digraph ch; suffix -logy
rch — str _
ps — ch — l — gy
chemists
18
2
chemist
ac
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3 Write a list word for each clue.
ache
R
ial
stomach
Colour the circle red if ch sounds like k.
Colour the circle green if ch sounds like sh.
C H
er
chorus
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
1 Colour the circle blue if ch makes the sound in chip.
1. choros = song and dance
1
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p
a. figure skating
b. tea parties
c. tennis
a hard ch (sounds like k) that are related to these Greek words.
Co
7
5 Some English words are related to Greek words. Use a dictionary to find English words beginning with
Modern technology is used to measure
the speed of the serve in which sport?
The searchers were able to accurately locate the ancient anchor. They used modern technology.
(by using)
Answer: c
Unit
Consonant digraph ch; suffix -logy
19
Unit
Which event is popular with the
local people of Pamplona in Spain?
8
a. running with the bulls
b. skipping with the chickens
c. swimming with the cows
If a word ends in ic, add ally to form the adverb. magic
1 Make words ending in ical. Group them according to
equal
histor
logical
medical
ident
mus
tragic
historic
heroic
automatic
sarcastic
public
5 These adverbs show frequency. Write them in order from most to least frequent.
usually
vert
log
most frequent
3 syllable words
artificial
identical
exceptional
never
rarely
always
occasionally
often
ial
Co
ical
trop
chem
historical
eventual
tragic
4 syllable words
noun
adjective
medicine
tropical
history
exceptional
ac
©M
2 Complete the tables.
6 Complete each sentence using an antonym of the word in brackets.
noun
adjective
logical
occasion
m
hysteria
rag
vent
art
log
den
his
least frequent
tragic
us
tra
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automatic
The flowers looked beautiful but a sign said they were
The gymnasts each had an
.
length of time to warm up.
I had to rewrite my story as the ending was
.
(real)
(different)
(logical)
7 These words are sometimes confused. Use each word in a sentence.
hysterical
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historical
vertical
horizontal
identical
identifiable
Answer: a
20
med
p
hyster
hysterical
4 Change each adjective to an adverb.
er
usual
official
publicly
the number of syllables you hear.
local
occasional
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
Rule! Exception: public
magically
Suffixes -al, -ic; adding suffix -ally to words ending in ic; topic words: adverbs of frequency
Suffixes -al, -ic; adding suffix -ally to words ending in ic; topic words: adverbs of frequency
21
9
Augie the world-record-holding dog is capable
of holding how many tennis balls in his mouth?
1 Add ible or able to make a list word.
reli
capable
invis
adorable
ador
available
cap
comfortable
comfort
flex
terr
p
Co
miser
Use a dictionary if you need help.
horrible
terrible
sensible
flexible
impossible
admire sense
forgive collapse argue
convert reverse 6 Add a suitable adjective that ends in able or ible.
edible
able to be drunk
a
visible
able to be heard
an
legible
able to be understood
a
audible
able to be eaten
a
potable
able to be seen
inflatable
able to be read
intelligible
able to be blown up
chair
journey
eligible
illegible
noun
reliability
ac
©M
3 Complete the table to build word families.
adjective
nappy
a
seatbelt
friend
a
organiser
comfortable
suitability
invisible
flexibility
m
7 Complete each sentence using an antonym of the word in brackets.
The soft sofa was very
. (uncomfortable)
My brother even destroys toys that are guaranteed to be
adverb
reliably
baby
shock
The voice on the other end of the phone was
valuable
capability
an
a
invisible
The deep snow made the road
Yusef is
. (mistakable)
! (destructible)
. (passable)
of seeing a ball without throwing or kicking it. (capable)
8 These words are sometimes confused. Use a dictionary to write a definition for each word.
Write a sentence using each word.
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adorably
illegible
definition
in a sentence
eligible
definition
in a sentence
Answer: b
22
response notice
valu
2 Draw a line to match each adjective to its meaning.
desire
ial
valuable
4 Change each verb to an adjective by adding able. 5 Change each verb to an adjective by adding ible.
sens
Some exceptions: noticeable, changeable, likeable, manageable
er
reliable
miserable
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
Rule!
a. three
b. five
c. ninety-two
If the base word ends in silent e, the e is usually dropped before adding ible or able.
believable, collapsible
us
tra
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Unit
Suffixes -able, -ible; word families
Suffixes -able, -ible; word families
23
10
What is the longest time that someone has
juggled a soccer ball with their feet, non-stop?
5 Complete the tables.
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
a. 7 hours, 5 minutes and 25 seconds
b. 45 minutes
c. three and a half years
1 Group the list words according to the number of
syllables you hear.
opposite
applause
p
syllables
necessary
immediate
different
1
syllables
occupation
recommend
announcement
embarrass
2
rat
parallel
if
exaggerate
announcement
intelligence
3
E
L
8
P
P
C
E
10
all
F
ac
©M
L
3 Write as many words as you can using the letters from the word announcement.
4 Draw lines to illustrate the meaning of each word.
C
E
bar Across
L
S
S
12
L
7. learns a trade
10. drives passengers
11. man who works in business
6
12. draws pictures for books
9
Down
S
1. sells fruit and vegetables
S
F
S
11
2. works with precious metals
and stones
L
m
embarrass
5
4
community
accident
E
7
exaggerate
applause
ial
accidental
noun
6 Complete the crossword by naming each occupation.
Co
intelligent
verb
er
possess
noun
opposite
syllables
different
adjective
us
tra
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Unit
S
L
S
3. designs structures and
machines
S
4. member of a local council
5. keeps accounts
6. represents his or her country
8. teacher and researcher at a
university
9. helps customers
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7 Colour the correct homophone.
The raft drifted slowly on the current currant .
The fruit cake was rich in sultanas, raisins and currents currants .
The current currant fashion is to wear bright colours.
Be careful with equipment that uses an electrical current currant .
parallel
horizontal
intersecting
converging
Answer: a
24
vertical
Double consonants; homophones current/currant; topic words: occupations
Double consonants; homophones current/currant; topic words: occupations
25
What do the letters in the word ‘scuba’ stand for?
11
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
Tip!
1 Write a list word you associate with each clue.
desiccated coconut
scuba
French Revolution
radar
windsock
sonar
p
CDs
heliport
diesel
bikini
braille
pasteurised
silhouette
guillotine
saxophone
valentine
smog
brunch
heliport
blog
air traffic control
4 Write the eponym or research the origin of the word.
trucks
milk
Named after a Belgian instrument maker, Adolphe Sax.
jazz music
A day honouring love named after an early Christian saint.
blindness
An Australian cake named after a Queensland Governor’s wife.
bats
braille
swimming
diesel
black and white
morse code
pasteurisation
bikini
ac
©M
An acronym is a word formed from the initial letters of other words. Acronyms are
pronounced normally and do not need full stops.
m
Tip!
Full name
RAM
sonar
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Brand names sometimes become so well known that the name is used for similar products.
5 Write the original brand name that is now used to describe similar products.
2 Complete the table. In each full name, circle the letters used in the acronym.
Acronym
Eponyms are words that were originally the name of a person or a place.
ial
lamington
oxygen tanks
spellathon
3 Write the full words. Circle the letters that are used in the blend.
Tip!
Co
smog
spelling + marathon
er
pollution
laser
Tip!
A blend is formed by joining parts of words together.
a. self-contained underwater breathing apparatus
b. silly cats understand barmy apes
c. sea craft upper breathing air
us
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Unit
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Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
Radio detection and ranging
Answer: a
26
Acronyms; blends; eponyms
Acronyms; blends; eponyms
27
12
R evisi0n
What style of snowboarding makes it
necessary to zigzag down a mountain?
6 Change each word to an adjective by adding ible or able.
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
a. freestyle
b. slalom
c. cancan
1 Write the plural.
stomach kidney muscle artery nerve iris asthma contagion gene an
le
emist
olesterol
asualty
diarhoea comunity
AIDS
flu
pasteurisation
polio
infotainment
misery
p
infection
Pedi is Latin for foot.
8 All the double consonants have dropped out of this recount. Mark the consonants that need to be doubled. ba
riti
olon al
roni
m
m
recomend
Today in asembly it was anounced that we would have no clases after lunch. Instead we would help
our comunity by cleaning up the rubish along the river bank. Our teacher, Mr Patel, gave everyone
a pair of ruber gloves and a bag, and we comenced work. I decided to work on the oposite bank
where my eforts would be more obvious. Before long the bank was clean, so I steped into the mudy
mangroves to continue. My feet imediately disapeared and I began to sink. I shouted to atract
atention and almost the whole clas crosed the bridge to where I was. Some looked alarmed and
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some laughed and aplauded. Eventualy Mr Patel grabed me under each arm and lifted me onto the
bank. I was shoeles and covered in mud. How embarasing!
Answer: b
28
value
Tele is Greek for distance.
5 Write whether each word is an acronym, abbreviation, blend or eponym. Explain the origin or write the
full name for each term.
terror
spine
ac
©M
acident
comfort
originate from these Latin or Greek words.
4 One of the underlined consonants needs to be doubled and the other one doesn’t. Write each word
vacination sense
ough
apendicitis
Auditio is Latin for hearing.
nerve ocasional respect
Visio is Latin for sight.
medicine correctly. Use a dictionary if you need help.
adore
7 Many English words come from other languages. Write as many words as you can think of that
appendix
3 Each word is missing the same sound. Add c, ch, ck or k.
chee
resist
elbow
Co
virus flex
ial
rely
er
2 Write adjectives that contain the suffix al, ic or ous.
us
tra
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Unit
Revision
Revision
29
13
Which game did English women invent because
dribbling was too awkward in long skirts?
5 Use a dictionary to solve each clue.
O R
2
O R
3
O R
chard
4
O R
n — — ghty
— — thor
5
O R
6
O R
7
O R
8
O R
1 Each word is missing the same sound. Add aw, or or au.
awkward
exh — — st
squ — — k
awesome
— —
ordinary
d — — ghter
d — — n
— —
dinary
— —
p
squawk
organise
ganise
f — — tune
1. either a part of your body or a musical instrument
Co
orphan
1
ornament
2. a child whose parents are dead
3. grown without pesticide or other chemical additives
name
orthodontist
4. common
hard
pause
5. a group of musicians playing different instruments
we
naughty
6. used for decoration only
war
audible
ial
orchard
er
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
a. pie throwing
b. hockey
c. netball
7. the scientific study of birds
us
author
8. a dentist who straightens teeth
hen
exhaust
do
authentic
6 Write the correct homophone.
word.
orphan
al awe
ly exhaust
age
ornament
some
authentic
ally
awkward
ion
4 Match a base word and prefix to form a new
ac
©M
3 Match a base word and suffix to form a new
pause
word.
paws
pores
us
tra
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Unit
pours
extra
order Whenever it rains the water
into our back veranda.
dis
ordinary
The dog left the prints of its
in the wet concrete.
in
organic Plants breathe through
non-
audible Ali chattered on and on without needing to
dis
authentic un
organised
m
in their leaves.
for breath.
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7 Write a sentence using each word.
squawk
bawl
hoarse
caterwaul
Answer: c
30
Digraphs aw, or, au; homophones pause/paws/pores/pours
Digraphs aw, or, au; homophones pause/paws/pores/pours
31
Unit
14
What sport involves holding on to a heavy object, turning in a
clockwise or anticlockwise direction, then throwing that object?
4 Write list words.
a. hammer throwing
b. spaniel tossing
c. relay racing
Never
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
The vandals’
1 Form words by choosing an element from each column.
suffix
mislead
mis
clock
ing
misadventure
dis
lead
ed
dismiss
anti
appoint
wise
disease
dis
social
ly
disguise
anti
miss
ful
dis
grace
al
Co
p
base word
disturb
disgust
disorganised
antiseptic
The robber wore a
.
to
Medical equipment is cleaned with
the police.
to prevent the spread of
The camera will not break unless you
The abrupt ending to the story was an
.
it.
.
5 Use a list word and its antonym to show the direction in which each creature moved.
The ant walked around the plate in
a
direction.
ial
prefix
actions filled us with
er
misuse
distress
a swarm of bees!
The caterpillar crawled around the rim of the
pot in an
direction.
6 Write a list word that contains a smaller word to match each clue. Circle the smaller word.
antibiotic
anticlimax
an opening to allow air in or out
antisocial
a blast of wind
anticlockwise
a heavy metal
ac
©M
Rule!
us
tra
l ia
a state of relaxation
If a word starts with s, you usually keep the s when adding mis or dis. disservice
2 Make an antonym by adding mis or dis.
organised
satisfied
treat
appear
7 Replace the underlined words with one word that does not change the meaning of the sentence.
behave
m
I was offside, so my goal was not allowed.
spell
The cake tasted awful as Ghita did not read the recipe correctly.
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3 Make medical words beginning with anti. Use a dictionary to write a definition for each word.
viral
anti
dote
biotic
septic
Bernard’s father did not approve of the tattoo on his ankle.
Answer: a
32
Rose didn’t complete her project on time as she was not well organised.
Prefixes mis-, dis-, anti-
Prefixes mis-, dis-, anti-
33
15
Which of these impractical-looking outfits was
worn in the medieval sport of jousting?
a. a suit of armour
b. a tuxedo
c. a Santa costume
4 Circle the word that doesn’t make sense in each sentence. Rewrite the sentence so it makes sense.
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
“Why did you leave your homework complete?” asked Mr De Silva.
1
imperfect
Each list word consists of a prefix + base word.
Underline the base word in each list word.
Colour the correct word.
impatient
Each base word is an antonym synonym of the
impractical
list word.
An information report should include as much irrelevant information as impossible.
p
insane
“Come on!” shouted Rada patiently.
indirect
inappropriate
inconvenient
irregular
irrelevant
irresponsible
Rule!
ial
Co
incomplete
In gymnastics you score 10 out of 10 for an imperfect routine.
er
immature
Terry was scolded for using appropriate language.
5 Rearrange the letters in each word to make logical sentences.
The prefixes in and un can be used in front
of base words beginning with most letters.
Umm fnids chcoolaet dum kace talltoy riressitebil.
irresistible
illegal
im can only be used in front of m or p.
impossible
immortal
We selpt duner het sarts becuaes it saw niconvineent to ptu up teh tnets.
ir can only be used in front of r. irreversible
illogical
il can only be used in front of l. illegible
Nane’s argumntes weer lilocigla nad mimatuer.
mature
pure
regular
certain
eligible
responsible
ac
©M
2 Make antonyms by adding un, in, im, ir or il as a prefix. Use a dictionary if you need help.
direct
logical
proper
legible
rational
sane
possible
lucky
legal
3 Circle the hidden list words in these sentences.
“I’m practically finished,” I told Mum proudly.
m
The archaeologist found a fossil leg, although it was badly damaged.
us
tra
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Unit
6 These songs were recorded by bands whose names match the theme of the song. Use list words to
complete the name of the song or the band.
Song
“Still Totally Mad”
“Still a Baby”
“
Band
Heartbeat”
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Uneven Pulse
Our emergency kit contained safety pins, an elastic bandage and antiseptic cream.
“Come here! Ute’s ill!” Ogi called urgently.
The baby screamed when she woke up in completely unfamiliar surroundings.
“I’m Pati!” enthusiastically announced the new girl.
Answer: a
34
Prefixes im-, in-, ir-, il-
Prefixes im-, in-, ir-, il-
35
16
Which independent racing birds can find
their own way home?
a. pigeons
b. penguins
c. dodos
A word family consists of different words related to a base word.
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
1 The first eight list words are nouns. The number in
excellence
the circle shows the number of prefixes and suffixes
that have been added to the base word. Underline
the base word and circle the prefixes and suffixes
that have been added.
fascination
attendance 1
misbehaviour
ridiculous ness
2
disbelief
embarrassment
acknowledgement
imaginative
depend
1
excellence
1
fascination
1
misbehaviour
independent
5 Use a prefix and a suffix or suffixes to make a related word that completes each sentence.
2
disappearance
sincerely
responsibility
excitedly
appear
The plumber apologised for the
2
supply.
2
It was
convenient
independent
inconveniently
extravagantly
1
2
embarrass
The principal received a certificate
Asha smiled
ac
©M
fortune
adjectives
m
in + depend + ent =
un + fortune + ate + ly =
in + convenient + ly =
excite
acknowledge
our efforts in Clean Up Australia Day.
as she was handed the trophy.
it rained heavily all weekend on our camping trip.
6 Write a letter of apology for an April Fool’s Day joke that went wrong. Use as many words as you
2 The remaining list words are adjectives or adverbs. Use these prefix and suffix sums to make list words.
adverbs
it would cause when he turned off our water
when Mario tripped over as he walked onto the stage.
embarrassment
unfortunately
sincere + ly =
ial
Co
responsibility
4 Write word families for these base words. Use one related word in a sentence.
er
disappearance
Related words: encourage, discourage, encouragement, courageous, courageously
believe
p
disbelief
Base word: courage
Tip!
us
tra
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Unit
can that contain prefixes and suffixes.
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A
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3 Make a noun by adding the suffix. The base word changes in each case. Use a dictionary if you need help.
assume + tion =
describe + tion =
deny + al =
suspect + ion =
Answer: a
36
Adding multiple affixes
Adding multiple affixes
37
Unit
Different levels of karate are distinguished
by the colour of which item of clothing?
17
2 Group these food words according to their original language.
This week, the list words are on a map because English has adopted many
words from other languages. Add your own words to the map.
champagne zucchini quiche calamari
camembert spaghetti crème brûlée broccoli nougat
bazaar
kayak
Co
bouquet
camouflage mandarin
kaleidoscope
p
French:
tsunami
moccasin
sushi
kimono
yoga
but unfortunately he is allergic to soy sauce.
Successful
karate
batik
3 Choose one of the Japanese words on the map to complete each sentence.
Luke loves eating
bonsai
requires skilful use of both roots and branches.
The pale colours of her
origami
contrasted with her shiny black hair.
I learn
but my sister learns kung-fu.
Riad enjoys craft so he borrowed a book on
corroboree
Italian:
ial
spaghetti
cappuccino er
trek
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
Tip!
a. the underpants
b. the cloak
c. the belt
Many food words come from French and Italian. Italian words often end in a vowel
sound. French words often end in a silent consonant or silent e.
.
kiwi
4 These words are based on Indigenous names for Australian or New Zealand animals.
Add c or k.
definition
ookaburra
ea
oala
urrawong
us
tra
l ia
ac
©M
in scope to match each clue.
Look through this to see a beautiful pattern.
language
Astronomers say the bigger the better!
Hindi
Some things are too small to be seen without one.
m
physical and spiritual exercise
shoe made of soft leather
open-air market
a method of printing on cloth
destructive wave caused by an earthquake Japanese
closed canoeInuit (Canadian Eskimo)
a journey on foot
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Algonquian (Native American)
Persian
Malay
Every submarine has one.
6 Mandarin has three meanings: a fruit, a leader in ancient China and a language of northern China.
Write a sentence for each meaning.
Dutch
Answer: c
38
word
iwi
5 The word element scope comes from the Greek skopein, which means ‘look at’. Write a word that ends
1 Write a list word that matches each definition and language.
angaroo
Non-English words
Non-English words
39
Unit
18
R evisi0n
Which building did bungee jumper A. J. Hackett
leap off in front of awestruck onlookers?
4 Use the clues to find words you have learnt. Each word rhymes with the underlined word. The words in
brackets give the meaning.
a. the Eiffel Tower in France
b. the Sky Tower Casino in New Zealand
c. the shed in his backyard
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
I argued my cause without
. (a break)
This book is superb, so please do not
1 Group these words as verbs or nouns, then complete the table. The first one has been done for you.
Ms Jones apologised
me. (interrupt)
for having spoken so severely. (with clarity)
We were forced to repair the
believe
organisation
dependence
behave
appear
system on our car. (expulsion of gases)
Shari gave a
as her fork fell to the floor. (harsh noise)
I will devise a way to
attend
attention
antonym formed by adding
a prefix
inattention
5 These words come from other languages. Draw a line to match each word to its origin.
mosquito
the French form of an Arabic word meaning kneeling place
monsoon
a French word for a table on which food is served
tsunami
a Spanish word meaning little fly
mosque
the Dutch form of an Arabic word meaning strong wind
buffet
an Eskimo word meaning house
igloo
a Japanese word meaning big wave
ial
Co
p
noun
er
verb
myself so no one will recognise me! (conceal identity)
2 These sentences do not make sense. Rewrite them so they make sense, without using the word not.
The satisfied customer demanded to speak to the manager.
6 Not all the words with an or sound are correctly spelt. Circle the five misspelt words and write them
correctly.
In my imagination, I am a famous awthor. I see myself
writing about noughty children getting into all sorts of
mischief. Fautunately, they seem to be able to organise
Your story would be more interesting if you left out all the relevant information.
Mum blew the horn patiently to hurry us up.
m
their way out of trouble as well as into it. The awsome
adventures of my characters certainly do not reflect my
oardinary life!
Carlos was the only one who chose his research topic, so he worked dependently.
3
di — a — ear (s, p)
di — gus — ing (s, t)
i — ature (m)
ina — ro — riate (p, p)
7 Use a dictionary to find the meaning of this word. Write the meaning, then use the word in a sentence.
indiscriminately
exce — ence (l)
Answer: b
40
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These words need single or double consonants added. Write the words correctly using the consonants
in brackets.
emba — a — ment (r, s)
us
tra
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ac
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Vandalising public property is social behaviour.
Revision
Revision
41
19
What aquatic sport involves aerobics
in a swimming pool?
a. aquarobics
b. aquabotics
c. aquatic tiddlywinks
5 Write list words.
1 Circle each syllable. Write the number of syllables in
the box.
aqua
liquid
aqua
frequent
tranquil
eloquent
2 Add the missing vowels to make a list word.
queue
quality
r — q — — st
q — — — —
r—q— —r—
l—q— —d
q— — q — — nt — ty
—l—
You must take
supplies of water if you are travelling in the desert.
I was surprised by the large
of sugar you
6 Complete the puzzle. Use a dictionary if you need help.
1
Q U
I
2
Q U
E
3
Q U A
4
Q U A
5
Q U O
6
Q U O
7
Q U
E
8
Q U
I
q — — nt
q — — l — ty
—d—q— —t—
—
quarantine
inquisitive
—
need amount sufficient obtain ac
©M
3 Write a list word that is a synonym.
cq — — r — calm curious
ask squeeze
m
2. a journey in search of a goal
4. a dispute
5. the answer to a division sum
6. use of someone else’s spoken or written words
7. an Australian state
8. five babies born at the same time
7 Aqua is the Latin word for water. Write as many words as you can that begin with aqua. Use a
dictionary if you need help.
8 Use a dictionary to find the meaning of the words eloquent and loquacious. Write the meanings, then
use each word in a sentence.
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A
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The a in squat and qualify does not make its usual short vowel
sound. Instead, it sounds like a short o. Some common words where
a makes the short o sound are was, what, want, watch, wash.
4 Write three list words in which a makes the short o sound.
1. a series of questions
3. a common mineral
quantity
to make jam.
ial
Co
quarantine
disease.
er
p
tranquil
liquid
request
eloquent
loquacious
Answer: a
42
adequate
squash
require
Tip!
frequent
queue
adequate
sitting on the beach watching the moon rise.
officers check all animal and agricultural products arriving in Australia for
squash
acquire
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
It was so
us
tra
l ia
Unit
Letter pattern qu
Letter pattern qu
43
20
Polo is usually played on horseback. What other
animal plays in a unique version of the game?
a. elephant
b. emu
c. piglet
4 Choose the correct words to complete the table.
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
church
1 Say the gue list words aloud. Listen to the sound gue
makes. Write the word in which gue sounds different.
tongue
2 Use each clue to find a smaller word inside a list
unique
antique
technique
boutique
mosque
plaque
list word
opposite of in
place of worship
leader
Christian
5 Uni is from the Latin word meaning one. Unique means one of a kind. Use a dictionary to find other
words beginning with uni.
boutique
a common pet
insect
opposite of off
6 Colour the correct word.
The barley crop was ruined by a plaque plague of locusts.
Using dental floss regularly helps reduce plaque plague and tooth decay.
A brass plaque plague marks the spot where the time capsule is buried.
Rewrite each sentence without changing its meaning by including a list word.
I knew where to find the book because I had looked in the list of books owned by the library.
Tiredness can be a problem when you are travelling long distances.
m
Brodie’s science teacher demonstrated a safe way to mix the chemicals.
My cousin invited many of the people she works with to her wedding.
7 Add a list word to fit each category.
scoundrel knave rascal tiredness weariness lethargy conversation debate discussion ancient historical second-hand 8 Write about a unique experience. Use as many list words as you can.
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Answer: a
44
priest
Jewish
pester
ac
©M
3
clue
Co
synagogue
synagogue
ial
catalogue
p
fatigue
dialogue
imam
er
word. Write the list word, underlining the smaller
word that matches the clue.
colleague
intrigue
religion
mosque
Muslim
rogue
plague
rabbi
us
tra
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Unit
Words ending in gue, que
Words ending in gue, que
45
21
a. Kabaddi, kabaddi!
b. Kabaddi, kaboodi!
c. Aussie, Aussie, Aussie – oi, oi, oi!
1
fruit
p
guide
pursuit
suitable
As a single vowel sound, ui can be
pronounced different ways, for example
short i as in guilty, long oo as in suit,
long i as in guide.
inquire
sane stable bit
Sweet and suite are homophones. Suit and suite are often confused.
7 Write the correct word to complete each sentence.
Mum was furious when I spilt hot chocolate on the new lounge
On Father’s Day I gave Dad a tie to match his new
.
.
and sour chicken.
In a deck of cards, hearts is a red
.
nuisance
juice Rule!
If a word ends in silent e, drop the e
when adding y to make an adjective.
ac
©M
3 Make an adjective by adding y.
sugar crumble 4 Add the suffix to make a new word. Use the new word in a sentence.
m
5 Write compound words to match each picture.
premon
ice
ition
inhib
a feeling of shyness
ability to grasp the truth without evidence
a desire to do well
a forewarning
amb
Crews and cruise are homophones.
Tip!
crews = groups of people who work together
cruise = to travel smoothly, as on a large ship
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9 Write about a holiday, using the words cruise and crews.
Answer: a
46
tar
intu
intuition
inquire + y
put 8 Make words ending with ition. Match each word to its definition.
bruise
suit + able
nut
My favourite meal is
2 Write list words where ui makes the long oo sound.
guitar
bus
Tip!
Co
biscuit
guy ial
Tip!
juice
ice er
suitcase
fruit t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
Ui usually makes a single vowel sound. However,
in three list words, the u and i belong to different
syllables. Write the three words.
ruin
guilty
Write the list words. Underline the letters that make the small words.
lid fluid
fluid
6 Some letters have been removed from the list words. The remaining letters form these small words.
Kabaddi is a game of team pursuit played in some Asian countries.
What must the players chant throughout the game?
us
tra
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Unit
Letter pattern ui; homophones sweet/suite, crews/cruise; confusing pair suit/suite
Letter pattern ui; homophones sweet/suite, crews/cruise; confusing pair suit/suite
47
Unit
22
What annual yacht race starts in
a harbour on Boxing Day?
a. The Sydney to Hobart
b. The Paris to Dakar
c. The Melbourne Cup
4 Write these numbers as words.
37 = thirty-seven
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
1 Add the missing consonant to these words ending
in our.
fla — our
flour
vi — our
course
har — our
flavour
p
de — our
colourful
beha — iour
harbour
nourish
honour
odour
va — our
mournful
detour
behaviour
tournament
444
ho — our
source
I like vanilla ice-cream served with chocolate
hu — our
course
Of
fa — our
flour
Make bread dough with
Black is the traditional colour of
sa — iour
source
48
5 Write the homophone or homophones. Then choose the correct spelling to complete the sentence.
mourning
journal
104
flourish
savour colonel
your
pour
I like to
.
she likes birthday parties!
ial
Co
humour
er
o — our
favourite
co — our
14
, water and yeast.
.
going!
Watch where
over joke books.
Ouch! My dog has a thorn in his
.
Scruffy has fleas again.
contour power
scornful barber
6 Make words starting with tour. Use each word in a sentence.
ist
tour
nament
There’s a nasty od
out in the corrid
Lemons have a pleasant flav
The police inspect
but they are very s
has kept a j
A customer dropped a bag of fl
!
ac
©M
3 Complete each word by adding or or our.
.
m
nal for over thirty years.
on the escalat
. What a mess!
Some words are spelt differently in Australian and American English. When you use a
computer spellchecker, make sure you have the language set to Australian English.
7 Draw a wriggly red line under the words that are spelt incorrectly in Australian English.
Write the words correctly.
My uncle Bob is my favorite relative. He has a wicked sense
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A
n Education
We all stood to hon
the arrival of the govern
Divers found an anch
from a 19th century shipwreck at the bottom of the harb
of humor and always wears crazy, colorful clothes. Whenever I
can, I go sailing with him on Sydney Harbor. He calls me “Able
Seaman” and I call him “Honorable Cap’n”. After we go sailing,
we sometimes buy gelato at the shop near the wharf. Bob always
.
gets pistachio, because he loves that flavor.
Answer: a
48
.
Tip!
us
tra
l ia
niquet
Letter pattern our; Australian and American spellings
Letter pattern our; Australian and American spellings
49
23
Which sport was once popular in Britain,
but is now illegal?
a. fox hunting
b. rubber ducky shooting
c. pig flinging
1
popular
3 Make words using the endings in the box. Write a definition for each word.
Latin
manual
liber = book
library
p
universe
inhabitare = dwell
circular
magni
mono
mono
4 These prefixes and word elements come from Latin numbers. Write as many related words as you can.
demos = people
dependent
monotonous
uni = one
bi = two
microscope
mikros = small
magnificent
tri = three
quad = four
contradict
oct = eight
ac
©M
5 Say each word aloud. Underline the stressed syllable.
popular 2 Write the missing letters, using the definition as a clue.
deli — — — — fine or dainty
deli — — — — — pleasing in taste
equa — — — midway between North and South Poles
equa — — — — to make equal
circu — — — circu — — shaped like a circle
a track that ends up
where it started
inhabitable bene — — — an advantage
bene — — — — — — helpful
m
dependent independent
uninhabitable equality inequality
6 Circle the word in the sentence that does not make sense. Rewrite each sentence so it makes sense.
Astronomers use radio and optical microscopes.
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popul — — popul — — — — — people who live in a town, city or country
depend — — — relying on another for support
depend — — — — unpopular liked by many people
Be careful of the sharp corners on the circular table.
We won the debate as our arguments were persuasive and contradictory.
able to be relied upon
Answer: a
50
–ficent
contra
Greek
democracy
–ry
ial
benefit
–rail
magni
manus = hand
equator
–fy
contra
Co
delicate
–tonous
er
inhabit
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
Write the list word that is derived from the Latin
or Greek word. Use a dictionary to find two more
words with the same origin.
–dict
us
tra
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Unit
Etymology: Latin and Greek root words
Etymology: Latin and Greek root words
51
Unit
24
R evisi0n
1
4 These words have been spelt incorrectly. Say the word aloud, then write the correct spelling. The first
What do you do in the game of squash?
a. squeeze as many people as possible into a phone booth
b. hit a small rubber ball inside a walled court
c. make orange juice
Complete the tables.
adjective
noun
adjective
eloquence
squashed
one has been done for you.
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
suit
p
Co
dependence
Roger rapidly realised that his
Dad’s
yoonaverse
mycraskope
tung
5 Most of the vowels have been left out of these sentences. Write each sentence correctly.
The clrfl ychts on the hrbr were a mgnfcnt sght.
The hvy stcse I tk on our hldy was a nsnce.
(often)
was unreasonable.
The TV program on poisonous parasites was very
froot
honour
intriguing
has a collection of curious coins.
Tan won a trophy at the tennis
intreeg
ial
flies to France
unique
skwosh
If my fvrt bscts were nt so pplr, I wld gt to eat mny more!
2 Use alliteration to complete each sentence. The meaning of the missing word is in the brackets.
Fran
plark
er
mournful
humorous
yooneek
verb
technical
guilt
(what he asked for)
6 Complete the puzzle. Use the definitions and the Latin words in brackets as clues.
(person he works with)
.
.
(liked by most people)
1
(contest)
3
3 Some phrases are not meant literally. Write a sentence to show the meaning of each expression.
tongue-twister
forked tongue
mother tongue
5
6
8
7
9
10
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A
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5. place to sunbake in artificial light (solaris)
7. tank for fish (aqua)
8. person who relies on someone (dependere)
9. state or condition (qualitas)
10. joined together (uni)
Down
1. very old (antiquus)
2. funny (humor)
3. number of people (popularis)
4. works by hand (manus)
6. special importance (honor)
Answer: b
52
m
4
us
tra
l ia
slip of the tongue
ac
©M
tongue in cheek
Across
2
Revision
Revision
53
5 Write the homophone. Then choose the correct spelling to complete the sentence.
a. a baton
b. a kitten
c. a lot of wind
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
annoy
tray quay
The map’s symbols are explained in the
slay
The prince’s quest was to
prey
Some people close their eyes to
loyal
employ
glory enjoy
she dismay
2 Change one letter to make a list word.
slay
relay
quay
survey
convey
stay grey
stored repay
prey
— — — — — —
a message
— — — — — — —
great courage
express — — — — — —
a — — — — — — — mood
— — — — — — —
evidence
a — — — — — companion
ial
display
conduct a — — — — — —
undertake a — — — — — —
sway
Co
buoyant
7 Choose two of the expressions in question 6. Use each expression in a sentence.
royal dismal
8 While on holidays, Dan’s grandfather wrote him a postcard. Each space can be filled using a list word,
storey
usually with a suffix added. The first letter is given as a clue.
destroy loyal 4 Write list words.
We conducted a class
Crocodiles drag their
An empty container is only
employ m
buoyant
My dear Dan,
I was d
.
if it is watertight.
. I disembarked
and strolled to the market to admire the d
fresh fruit. The shopkeepers e
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A
n Education
of
many tricks to lure
me to their stalls. I felt as if they were the hunters and I was their
a sense of sadness.
underwater.
that our voyage to the island was so
rough. At dawn we tied up to the q
to find the most popular sport.
The gangplank made it safer to step onto the
The poet used long vowel sounds to
ac
©M
3 Make a noun by adding a suffix. The base word will change in some cases.
p
!
Please c
my love to your parents.
Your loving Grandpa
Answer: a
54
.
er
voyage
annoy an invisible dragon.
6 Write a list word to complete each expression.
destroy
.
delay
us
tra
l ia
25
What do you pass in a running relay?
p
Unit
Letter patterns oy, ay, ey
Letter patterns oy, ay, ey
55
26
What do the five rings of the Olympic Games symbolise?
a. the different continents of the world
b. the number of gold medals won at the very first Olympic Games
c. the number of hoops a poodle can jump through
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
Y can make either a short or long i sound.
Tip!
type
byte
— ynonym
p
g — mnastics
rhythm
ox — gen
m — ster —
p — gst — t — p — cal
horr — f — sat — sf —
p — jamas
s — mpath —
m — th
rh — thm
Co
symbol
pyjamas
physician
silk cotton rayon
century
corduroy wool polyester felt
tragedy
Made from natural fibres
ac
©M
Made from synthetic fibres
— ympathy
to indicate when the
3 Write the missing letters, using the definition as a clue.
relating to the body
m
a chemist shop
P H
P H
P H
a doctor
study of truth and knowledge
should sound. (cymbal, symbol)
I thought the octopus was about to
black
when I saw it squirt
into the water. (die, dye)
The
arrived at the opening ceremony riding on a grey
. (mare, mayor)
6 Computer memory is measured in bytes. Write what each computer abbreviation stands for.
MB
In words of Greek origin, ph sounds like f.
P H
— ylinder
nylon P H
— yllable
The percussionist’s music used a
sympathy
Tip!
— ymmetry
5 Write the correct homophone in each space.
2 Group these fabrics.
gypsy
GB
7 Write the appropriate word in each space.
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A
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the use of a camera to make images
paralyses
Blue-ringed octopuses are
century
deadly
tragedy
oxygen
to humans. Their sting
the
victim’s muscles. This means they can’t breathe and will die from lack of
Fortunately in the 21st
this
.
, rapid medical assistance can sometimes avert
.
Answer: a
56
— ymphony
l — brar —
ial
typical
— yclone
g — ps —
er
b — c — cle
myth
— ygnet
— ystem
1 Write i or y.
rhyme
synthetic
Tip!
4 Write c or s to complete each word. Write a definition for each one.
oxygen
C makes an s sound when it is followed by y.
us
tra
l ia
Unit
Y as a vowel sound
Y as a vowel sound
57
a. cowboy hats
b. Wellington boots
c. wedding dresses
variety
poverty
charity
simplicity
sincerity
maturity
majority
minority
familiarity
speciality
opportunity
authority
curiosity
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
nouns verbs adjectives adverbs .
2 Write the list words that have the form
base word + ity .
base word
list word
is the spice of life.
begins at home.
is the mother of invention.
breeds contempt.
Tom apologised, but his words lacked sincerity insincerity .
Showing off is often a sign of maturity immaturity .
I enjoy sport, so I was disappointed that the majority minority of my friends wanted to watch a
movie.
During the drought, many African families suffered great wealth poverty .
3 Write the list words that have base words ending in e.
killed the cat.
ial
personality
The list words are all
5 Complete these sayings. All the words end in ty, but only four are list words.
er
creativity
p
27
981 people in New Zealand displayed their sporting creativity
when they ran in a race wearing what item of clothing?
Co
Unit
7 Make a noun ending in ty that belongs to the same word family. Use the noun in a sentence.
base word
list word
active
ac
©M
cruel
4 Use the clues to find a smaller word inside a list word. Write the list word, underlining the smaller word
that matches the clue.
clue
person who does not tell the truth
floor rug
person who writes books
boy child of parents
to consume
large town
goblin
place where ships dock
list word
familiarity
m
8 Choose two list words. For each word, write a sentence that uses alliteration.
Craig’s creativity often causes complete chaos.
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Answer: b
58
authorise
us
tra
l ia
safe
Nouns ending in ty
Nouns ending in ty
59
28
What was Golden Flame, the brilliant athlete who broke
a high-jumping record when he jumped 46 cm?
5 Write the list word that could replace the underlined word or words in each sentence.
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
Dad rushed to the shops as we didn’t have enough candles for Grandma’s birthday cake.
a. a chimpanzee
b. a rabbit
c. a flea
1
differ
brilliant
conveni
p
hesitant
6 Cross out the redundant words in each sentence.
confident
obedient
consistent
incident
tolerant
important
sufficient
obedient
efficient
consistent
a noun.
efficient
The lawyer labelled the document “Very Urgent”.
We used a bucket for a letterbox until Mum built a permanent one that would last.
The fruit cake contained
ac
©M
8 Write list words.
I like current affairs shows. (adjective)
There’s a strong current further out to sea. (noun)
Dear Inspector,
This new kind of car is powered by an electrical current. (noun)
I am writing to you about a curious
Write whether current is used as an adjective or a noun in each sentence. Then write your own
sentence for each usage.
(
Current (noun):
(
m
)
currents currants as well as sultanas and raisins.
The river flowed smoothly, with a swift current currant .
Current can be used as both an adjective and a noun.
Journalists report current events for news bulletins.
Harry’s current currant swimming coach once represented Australia.
If you don’t insert the batteries correctly, the electricity current currant cannot flow.
— — — — — — — —
The raft drifted away in the strong current.
Shorten your report by leaving out the extra redundant information.
3 Write the one list word that can only be used as
sufficient
4
Each person’s fingerprints are very unique.
permanent
Tip!
ial
2 Make an antonym by adding un, in or dis.
urgent
Tip!
extravag
Co
consist
toler
People sometimes use unnecessary words. For example, you do not need to describe a
result as very excellent, as excellent already tells you the result is superb. The unnecessary
words are described as redundant.
er
ignor
Only use a highlighter to mark really significant information.
magnific
confid
tolerant
excell
Don’t use that pen on the board! It’s a always there marker.
Lena stepped up to the microphone looking very sure she would succeed.
brilli
urg
important
current
hesit
ignorant
redundant
Complete each word by adding ent or ant.
us
tra
l ia
Unit
that it is
that you know about it, though I was initially
Last Thursday evening, a
flash in the night sky alerted me to the presence of
an alien spaceship. The spaceship’s rockets have left
marks in the grass of my
backyard, where it landed.
I feel that this matter requires
will undertake such an enquiry in an
Current (adjective):
to
contact you, in case my report was doubted.
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)
that occurred last Thursday night. I feel
investigation. I am
that you
manner.
Yours sincerely,
A. Nutt
Answer: b
60
Words ending in ant, ent; current as adjective and noun
Words ending in ant, ent; current as adjective and noun
61
Unit
Which of these sports requires the most balance?
29
4 These words were originally French. Match each word to its picture.
a. rollerblading
b. crumpet eating
c. orienteering
Tip!
assistance
p
adjective
noun
Conscious (an adjective) = aware
Tip!
Conscience (a noun) = the internal faculty that tells right from wrong
violent
surveillance
reluctance
significance
resistant
reassurance
absence
audience
conscience
absence
tolerant
experience
5 Use each word in a sentence.
conscious
magnificence
violence
evident
evidence
ignorance
conscience
6 Complete the puzzle. Each clue is a noun and the solution is a verb. Both words belong to the same
word family.
distant
2
ac
©M
Nouns can also end in ency or ancy.
3
4
5
2 The number in the circle is the number of syllables in the complete word. Use this information to help
you work out the ending for each noun.
audi
buoy
3
effici
3
bal
4
4
2
experi
frequ
m
urg
7
3
10
reluct
3
Put your hand up if you need assistant assistance .
Don’t forget to bring a note if you are absent absence .
12
14
Words ending in ence, ance; confusing pair conscience/conscious
13
9
11
6
Across
1. appearance
4. hesitancy
9. excellence
10. reassurance
11. significance
13. tolerance
14. resistance
Down
1. avoidance
2. attendance
3. performance
5. assistance
6. residence
7. maintenance
8. neglectfulness
9. existence
12. obedience
Answer: a
62
8
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A
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3
Mum was surprised to receive a phone call from a distant distance relative in Canada.
Our car was badly damaged during a violent violence hailstorm.
us
tra
l ia
1
Tip!
ial
Co
significance
er
Sometimes people confuse conscience with conscious.
resistance
biscuit
If the adjective ends in ant, the noun
usually ends in ance.
balance
maintenance
silhouette
If the adjective ends in ent, the noun
usually ends in ence.
distance
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
surveillance
Words ending in ence, ance; confusing pair conscience/conscious
63
Unit
What is the furthest distance travelled
in one hour on a unicycle?
30
R evisi0n
1
6 Write as many words as you can that belong to each word family. Use prefixes, suffixes and different
word classes to add to your list.
a. 10.65 km
b. right along the Great Wall of China
c. 3000 kilometres
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
sign: signify, signifies, signified, signifying, significant, insignificant, significance, insignificance, significantly
assist:
Write a rhyming word that starts with the letter or letters indicated.
persistence
climb
wipe
residence
pea
as — — — — — — — —
r — — — —
t — — —
e — — — — — — —
obey:
qu — —
special:
p
storey
add ed
add ing
story
deny
century
annoy
myth
7 Use the clues to make a word.
var
ety
op
tunity
su
ent
balance
survey
ignore
vary
ial
Co
word
er
2 Write the plural.
curio
consis
main
10 ance
8 Proofread this text. Circle the errors and write the words correctly.
Yuki loves circuses. She laughs louder than anyone else in the
the trapeze act, hoping that no dangerous insident will occur.
1. needing immediate action
N T
1
U
2
C
N T
3
V
N T
4
H
5
R
6
P
2. happening now
3. antonym of gentle
The last time she went to a circus, there was a display of
gypsy dancing. The women wore colourful dresses that swirled
4. unsure whether to act
to the rhythem of the music as the men wove complex patterns
N T
5. synonym for unwilling
between them. What a magnificant sight!
N T
6. antonym of temporary
N T
m
i l la
A
n Education
5 Change the circled letter to make a new word. Two of the word pairs are homophones.
relay
royal stay
h ype
pray
currant
dismal moth topical
Yuki wants the circus to come back to her town soon, so she
can experiance the many magical moments all over again.
Answer: a
64
us
tra
l ia
ac
©M
audiance when the clowns perform. She holds her breath during
4 Write a word ending in ent or ant to match each clue.
Revision
Revision
65
Unit
Who was worshipped by the Ancient Roman
people as the god of wrestling and gymnastics?
31
worship
companionship
1
machinery
suspicious
appreciate
confidential
influential
pa
ence
squashing
cashew
cau
on
splashed
brushes
worship
dic
onary
rubbishy
crashed
cushion
na
onality
sh in middle of base word
essential
para
ute
accompli
fa
ionable
2
4
member
hard
scholar
court
m
kin
schedule
ceremony
lieutenant
ate
artifi
al
deli
ous
con
ence
musi
an
con
ous
fero
ous
2. of benefit
3. not natural; not real
4. absolutely necessary
6
6. with the authority of a particular office
citizen
1
2
owner
3
i l la
A
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4
5
6
3 These words are pronounced differently in Australian and American English. Say each word both ways.
Which pronunciation is used in each country?
appre
5. on the surface; not deep
us
tra
l ia
ac
©M
leader
ure
7. having influence
Hidden word:
6 Use the clues to write adjectives ending in tious or cious. Write the hidden word.
2 Add ship to each word. Then choose two to use in your own sentences.
companion
pre
5
The suffix ship is added to words to indicate a general condition.
For example, censorship refers to the practice of censoring information.
ion
ure
1. in confidence
friend
impre
edule
3
conscientious
ion
5 Use the clues to write adjectives ending in tial or cial. Write the hidden word.
sh at end of base word
ambitious
permi
rivel
1
complexion
7
8
laboratory
1. bad or violent
2. having ambition
3. of great value
4. believing in the supernatural
5. acting according to conscience
6. fierce
7. food that is good for you is . . .
8. having suspicion
Hidden word:
Answer: b
66
al
inery
ial
ferocious
influen
ma
on
fashion
Co
tension
on
exten
Sort the words into two groups depending on
whether sh is in the middle or at the end of the
base word.
p
permission
ten
er
schedule
Tip!
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
4 Write the sh sound for each word. The words in each group use the same letter pattern.
Sh rarely comes in the middle of a base
word.
Tip!
There are many ways to write the sh sound: s, sh, ch, sch, si, ci, ti, ss and sci.
Tip!
a. Madonna
b. Mercury
c. Pocahontas
Letter patterns making the sh sound: s, sh, ch, sch, ss, si, ci, ti; suffixes -ship, -tial, -cial, -tious, -cious
Letter patterns making the sh sound: s, sh, ch, sch, ss, si, ci, ti; suffixes -ship, -tial, -cial, -tious, -cious
67
Unit
What are sumo wrestlers not
allowed to do during a match?
32
6 Write the homophone or homophones.
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
a. step outside of the ring
b. pick their noses
c. have a cup of tea
1 Write the past tense.
cockatoo
blow
shampoo
grow
didgeridoo
draw
fly
rendezvous
nephew
know
flour due you
road bough new nor aloud
foul choose no or
rose throne sow pores
chew
Co
2 Add the letter to make a new word. (Do not use s
curfew
draw slay
p
throw through er
jewel
7 Use each clue to write a list word.
interview
ial
as a suffix.)
from the Hindi word champo meaning to press or squeeze
dew + r
review
from the Haitian word barboka meaning to cook on an open fire
grow + l
barbecue
a Latin word meaning in readiness. Nowadays it means without preparation.
down + r
impromptu
a French word for meeting or meeting place
crew + s
vowel
from the Malay word ka katua, meaning parrot
low + g
a time after which people are expected to be at home
allowed
power + d
gnaw
a precious stone
own + g
drawer
the son of your brother or sister
fellow bowel ac
©M
3 Change the circled letter to make a new word.
s w allow gnat flaw
4 Add a word containing ew, ow or aw to make a compound word.
cork
see
paper
scare
m
sill
us
tra
l ia
to bite persistently
8 Find a list word that rhymes with the underlined word. Write an ending for each sentence that includes
the list word.
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A
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flake
I painted a cockatoo on my didgeridoo.
Martin fought a duel
5 Make as many words as you can using the letters from the word barbecue.
The politician later withdrew
Arti vowed
It was quite a chore
Answer: a
68
Letter patterns making the long oo sound: ew, oo, ue, u, ous; digraphs ow, aw
Letter patterns making the long oo sound: ew, oo, ue, u, ous; digraphs ow, aw
69
33
What activity is a modern-day
version of sword fighting?
4 Use the clues to write the names of five body parts that have a silent letter.
a. fencing
b. gating
c. knitting
bus — ness
s — ord
i — land
gnome
si — n
knuckle
—
soften
resign
nit
—
nock
—
riggle
plum — er
—
naw
recei — t
ex — austed
p
lis — en
—
autum — rong
—
rinkle
doubtful
bom —
ex — ibit
Ireland and island are homophones.
island
Tip!
wrinkle
wrestle
sword
handsome
autumn – autumnal
wrap – unwrap
honesty – dishonesty
resign – resignation
Ireland = a country
solemn – solemnity
soft – soften
island = a small body of land surrounded by water
castle – castellated
receipt – receptive
6 Make words ending in some. Use each word in a sentence.
honesty
Ireland Island is famous for shamrock and
exhibit
leprechauns.
business
Although Christmas Ireland Island is in the Indian
ac
©M
Ocean, it is part of Australia.
— — — — —
— — — —
a garden dwarf
m
hand
lone
some
burden
trouble
7 Use silent letters to complete the riddles.
Q: Why should you never carry two fifty-cent coins in your pocket?
3 Use the clues to find words with the same silent letter. Write the letter in the circle.
A: Two halves make a
— — — — — —
— — — — —
chew on something hard
quit a job
grind teeth together
— — — —
— — — — — —
— — — —
peaceful
serious
song sung in church
— — — —
— — — — — — — —
— — — — — — —
Q: What is a
A: S
hole and you might lose your money.
night’s favourite fish?
ordfish.
i l la
A
n Education
— — — — — —
Q: What did the skeleton say when it got a com
season after summer
A: I’ll never part with it!
for Christmas?
— — — —
Q: What do you get when a young sheep gives a karate demonstration?
explosive device
A: A lam
money you owe not sure
works with pipes and drains
— — — — —
— — — — — — —
— — — — —
— — — — — —
a weapon
a crease
ruin of a ship
circular arrangement of flowers
chop.
Answer: a
70
letter is silent in one word of a pair but pronounced in the other, draw a square around the letter that
is pronounced.
ial
Co
—
5 These pairs of words belong to the same word family. Draw a circle around each silent letter. If the
er
rap calm
debt
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
1 Write the missing silent letter.
finger joint — — — — — — — part of the hand — — — — —
between hand and arm — — — — —
between upper and lower leg — — — —
part of the lower leg — — — —
us
tra
l ia
Unit
Silent letters; homophones Ireland/island
Silent letters; homophones Ireland/island
71
Unit
What is a traditional Christmas activity?
34
5 Circle the Christmas words hidden inside the tree. Write each word you find next to the matching clue.
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
made from cocoa beans
ur
et
bl
se
i ng
ue
t
mnvrs
er
lim
tin
en
al
et
ou
rig
ial
eioou
vegetarian
h
Co
ig
do not always have the same spelling as the country!
aouoe
flavoursome
provide a festive look
6 Use the names of these countries as clues to complete the sentences. Take care: the words you need
eiue
savoury
made from egg whites
le
rm
p
i ng
spadecorationselebrate
eie
ingredients
sung at Christmas
dd
recipe
pu
2 Add the missing consonants to complete each list word.
roasted at Christmas
ga
traditional
scaroll
er
gourmet
provided by pigs
rn
tangel
chclt festive
te
meringue
la
crnvrs
l
chocolate
sparkly and decorative
co
pddng ho
pudding
describes exotic food
oc
trky served hot with custard
caken
shame
turkey
often drawn with a halo
tin
1 Add the missing vowels to complete each list word.
ins
ke
y
a. pudding hurling
b. cracker pulling
c. hunting for chocolate eggs
Wales
Turkey
Norway
ieie carnivorous
herbivorous
Greece
Granddad stirs in two teaspoons of sugar to
omnivorous
conditional bouquet bravery 4 Write the names of different animals to fit each category.
carnivores
carnis = flesh (Latin)
vorus = devouring (Latin)
72
Topic words: Christmas
herbivores
herba = plant (Latin)
the spider scared her!
Sagittarian
m
harangue
At Christmas, I am
using too much
for
his coffee.
: she dropped them on the ground when
, but only if it has not been baked
.
For some Japanese people, meat from
omnivores
Sweden
is a delicacy.
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A
n Education
omnis = all (Latin)
Answer: b
ac
©M
us
tra
l ia
Little Miss Muffet ate neither curds nor
Hungary
Topic words: Christmas
73
Unit
What equipment is used in the sport
of curling, famous in Scotland?
35
R evisi0n
6 One of the underlined consonants needs to be doubled and the other one doesn’t. Write each word
correctly.
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
a. round stones and ice
b. a snuggly bed and a doona
c. curling tongs
1 Make a new word by adding a suffix from the box. Use each suffix at least once.
–some
–ship
–ion
–ness
–ery
–ive
–y
–ful
–ous
–ation
diferent paralel
exagerate
acidental comunity ocupation
necesary oposite recomend
7 Each sentence contains the hidden name of a city or country. Circle the letters that spell the name or
that sound like the name. Write the name of the city or country correctly at the end.
jewel
Oh no! First I broke my zipper, then the buttons popped off.
wrinkle honest flavour
carnivore companion Don’t forget your coat or you’ll be chilly.
calm resign expense trouble p
machine exhibit
Wash your hands often as you may pick up a germ any time.
doubt
ial
Co
Chile
The jeweller traded only in diamonds and rubies.
citizen
When I saw the snake I ran away.
2 Circle the redundant word or words in each sentence. Rewrite each sentence, without the redundancy.
The fake flavours were artificial.
Perth
er
appreciate Fran celebrated her birthday at the beach.
I wish this pain in my hand would go away.
The timber lining in our hallway was rotten.
Hand me that pole and peg so I can start putting the tent up.
The worried parents were very anxious.
8 Proofread this text. Circle the five mistakes and write the words correctly.
The vase she made in pottery class was very unique.
flo
strea
ba
wards
ee
riti
al
wee
ly
rome
s
ool
emist
lo
al
Whenever one gets me, the bite itchs like crazy. My little brother
4 Make a word by adding mis, dis or anti.
appear
clockwise
organised
use
m
biotic adventure
satisfied
leading
flex
desire
rely
admire
notice
value
collapse
reverse
argue
the time. He worrys that one of these morninges he will wake up
and be one big mosquito bite!
miss
Answer: a
74
usually gets bitten even worse than me. He scratchs himself all
i l la
A
n Education
appointment
5 Change each verb to an adjective by adding able or ible.
us
tra
l ia
ch, ck or k.
ac
©M
3 Each word is missing the same sound. Add c,
I hate it in summer when mosquitos get into our room at night.
Revision
Revision
75
Unit 15
imperfect
impatient
impractical
immature
insane
incomplete
indirect
inappropriate
inconvenient
irregular
irrelevant
irresponsible
irresistible
illegal
illogical
Unit 8
local
equal
logical
usual
medical
occasional
official
hysterical
historical
artificial
identical
exceptional
eventual
tragic
automatic
Unit 2
useful
scornful
awful
skilful
wilful
grateful
beautiful
peaceful
wonderful
resentful
deceitful
thoughtful
delightful
successful
plentiful
Unit 5
furious
envious
various
victorious
precious
delicious
luxurious
conscious
gorgeous
hideous
courteous
courageous
outrageous
contagious
miscellaneous
Unit 9
reliable
capable
adorable
available
comfortable
miserable
valuable
horrible
terrible
sensible
flexible
impossible
invisible
eligible
illegible
Unit 13
squawk
awkward
awesome
ordinary
organise
orphan
orchard
ornament
orthodontist
pause
naughty
audible
author
exhaust
authentic
Unit 16
disbelief
excellence
fascination
misbehaviour
disappearance
responsibility
embarrassment
acknowledgement
imaginative
independent
sincerely
excitedly
unfortunately
inconveniently
extravagantly
Unit 3
argument
measurement
amazement
excitement
achievement
equipment
instrument
experiment
implement
environment
advertisement
disappointment
boredom
championship
neighbourhood
Unit 7
echo
ache
choir
chorus
anchor
chemist
stomach
orchid
chronic
orchestra
architect
technology
character
psychology
archaeology
Unit 10
opposite
different
applause
possess
necessary
intelligent
accidental
immediate
occupation
recommend
announcement
embarrass
exaggerate
community
parallel
Unit 14
misuse
mislead
misadventure
dismiss
disease
disguise
distress
disturb
disgust
disorganised
antiseptic
antibiotic
anticlimax
antisocial
anticlockwise
Unit 17
kiwi
batik
trek
mocha
yoga
bazaar
mandarin
spaghetti
kayak
moccasin
tsunami
sushi
kimono
bonsai
karate
origami
bouquet
camouflage
corroboree
kaleidoscope
slay
relay
quay
survey
convey
prey
storey
suitable
guitar
inquire
bruise
intuition
nuisance
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
Unit 19
squash
liquid
aqua
acquire
adequate
require
request
frequent
tranquil
eloquent
queue
quality
quantity
quarantine
inquisitive
Unit 20
tongue
rogue
plague
colleague
fatigue
intrigue
dialogue
catalogue
synagogue
unique
antique
technique
boutique
mosque
plaque
Unit 22
flour
course
flavour
favourite
colourful
humour
harbour
journal
nourish
honour
odour
mournful
detour
behaviour
tournament
Unit 26
type
byte
rhyme
myth
rhythm
oxygen
synthetic
typical
pyjamas
symbol
physician
gypsy
sympathy
century
tragedy
ial
Co
p
Unit 4
famous
dangerous
humorous
enormous
marvellous
anxious
serious
curious
obvious
cautious
adventurous
ridiculous
venomous
mischievous
anonymous
er
Unit 11
scuba
radar
sonar
laser
smog
heliport
lamington
diesel
bikini
braille
pasteurised
silhouette
guillotine
saxophone
valentine
Unit 1
circuses
stitches
mattresses
quizzes
viruses
geniuses
sandwiches
scarves
valleys
chimneys
factories
priorities
trousers
handkerchiefs
volcanoes
ac
©M
76
words in unit order
m
Unit 23
popular
manual
library
inhabit
universe
delicate
circular
equator
benefit
democracy
dependent
monotonous
microscope
magnificent
contradict
i l la
A
n Education
Unit 21
fruit
fluid
ruin
suitcase
guide
guilty
juice
biscuit
pursuit
Unit 27
variety
poverty
charity
creativity
simplicity
sincerity
personality
maturity
majority
minority
familiarity
speciality
opportunity
authority
curiosity
us
tra
l ia
List
Unit 25
annoy
destroy
loyal
voyage
employ
buoyant
display
dismay
Unit 28
brilliant
ignorant
important
tolerant
hesitant
redundant
current
urgent
confident
obedient
consistent
incident
permanent
sufficient
efficient
Unit 29
distance
balance
assistance
maintenance
resistance
significance
surveillance
reluctance
reassurance
absence
audience
experience
violence
evidence
conscience
Unit 31
worship
companionship
machinery
schedule
permission
tension
ferocious
suspicious
appreciate
essential
confidential
influential
complexion
ambitious
conscientious
curfew
interview
review
barbecue
impromptu
vowel
allowed
gnaw
drawer
Unit 33
calm
soften
resign
gnome
knuckle
debt
doubtful
island
wrinkle
wrestle
sword
handsome
honesty
exhibit
business
Unit 34
turkey
pudding
chocolate
meringue
festive
gourmet
traditional
recipe
ingredients
savoury
flavoursome
vegetarian
carnivorous
herbivorous
omnivorous
Unit 32
jewel
cockatoo
shampoo
didgeridoo
rendezvous
nephew
77
calm
camouflage
capable carnivorous
catalogue cautious century championship character
charity chemist chimneys chocolate
choir
chorus chronic circular circuses cockatoo colleague colourful comfortable
community
companionship complexion
confident confidential
conscience conscientious conscious consistent contagious contradict convey corroboree
courageous
course courteous creativity curfew curiosity curious current Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
33
17
9
34
20
4
26
3
7
27
7
1
34
7
7
7
23
1
32
20
22
9
10
31
31
28
31
29
31
5
28
5
23
25
17
5
22
5
27
32
27
4
28
dangerous debt deceitful delicate delicious delightful democracy dependent destroy detour
dialogue Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
4
33
2
23
5
2
23
23
25
22
20
didgeridoo diesel
different disappearance disappointment disbelief disease disguise disgust dismay dismiss disorganised
display distance distress disturb doubtful drawer Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
32
11
10
16
3
16
14
14
14
25
14
14
25
29
14
14
33
32
frequent fruit furious Unit 19
Unit 21
Unit 5
geniuses gnaw
gnome gorgeous gourmet
grateful guide
guillotine guilty
guitar
gypsy
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
1
32
33
5
34
2
21
11
21
21
26
handkerchiefs handsome harbour heliport herbivorous
hesitant hideous historical honesty honour horrible humorous humour hysterical Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
1
33
22
11
34
28
5
8
33
22
9
4
22
8
identical ignorant illegal
illegible illogical imaginative
immature immediate impatient imperfect implement important impossible impractical impromptu inappropriate incident incomplete
inconvenient inconveniently independent
indirect influential ingredients inhabit inquire inquisitive insane
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
8
28
15
9
15
16
15
10
15
15
3
28
9
15
32
15
28
15
15
16
16
15
31
34
23
21
19
15
instrument intelligent interview intrigue intuition invisible irregular irrelevant irresistible irresponsible island
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
jewel
journal juice Unit 32
Unit 22
Unit 21
kaleidoscope karate
kayak
kimono kiwi knuckle Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
17
17
17
17
17
33
lamington laser
library liquid
local
logical loyal
luxurious Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
11
11
23
19
8
8
25
5
machinery magnificent
maintenance
majority mandarin manual marvellous mattresses maturity measurement medical meringue
microscope
minority misadventure misbehaviour miscellaneous mischievous
miserable mislead misuse moccasin monotonous
mosque mournful myth
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
31
23
29
27
17
23
4
1
27
3
8
34
23
27
14
16
5
4
9
14
14
17
23
20
22
26
3
10
32
20
21
9
15
15
15
15
33
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
echo
Unit 7
efficient Unit 28
eligible Unit 9
Unit 19
eloquent embarrass Unit 10
embarrassment Unit 16
employ Unit 25
enormous Unit 4
envious Unit 5
environment Unit 3
equal
Unit 8
equator Unit 23
equipment Unit 3
Unit 31
essential eventual Unit 8
Unit 29
evidence exaggerate Unit 10
excellence Unit 16
exceptional
Unit 8
excitedly Unit 16
excitement Unit 3
exhaust Unit 13
exhibit Unit 33
experience
Unit 29
experiment
Unit 3
extravagantly Unit 16
naughty Unit 13
Unit 10
necessary neighbourhood Unit 3
nephew Unit 32
Unit 22
nourish nuisance Unit 21
obedient obvious occasional occupation odour
official omnivorous
opportunity
opposite orchard orchestra orchid
ordinary organise origami ornament orphan orthodontist
outrageous oxygen Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
28
4
8
10
22
8
34
27
10
13
7
7
13
13
17
13
13
13
5
26
m
factories familiarity famous fascination fatigue favourite ferocious festive
flavour flavoursome
flexible flour fluid
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
1
27
4
16
20
22
31
34
22
34
9
22
21
recipe
recommend
redundant relay reliable reluctance rendezvous
request require resentful resign
resistance responsibility review rhyme
rhythm ridiculous rogue
ruin Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
34
10
28
25
9
29
32
19
19
2
33
29
16
32
26
26
4
20
21
sandwiches
savoury saxophone scarves schedule scornful scuba
sensible serious shampoo significance
silhouette simplicity sincerely sincerity skilful
slay smog
soften
sonar
spaghetti speciality squash squawk stitches stomach storey
successful sufficient suitable suitcase surveillance
survey sushi
suspicious sword
symbol sympathy Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
1
34
11
1
31
2
11
9
4
32
29
11
27
16
27
2
25
11
33
11
17
27
19
13
1
7
25
2
28
21
21
29
25
17
31
33
26
26
parallel pasteurised
pause
peaceful permanent permission personality physician plague plaque plentiful popular possess poverty precious prey priorities psychology
pudding
pursuit pyjamas Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
10
11
13
2
28
31
27
26
20
20
2
23
10
27
5
25
1
7
34
21
26
quality quantity quarantine quay queue
quizzes Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
19
19
19
25
19
1
radar
reassurance
Unit 11
Unit 29
us
tra
l ia
29
32
17
17
2
22
23
11
21
17
3
17
20
11
28
21
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit 25
Unit 33
Unit 26
p
balance barbecue batik bazaar beautiful behaviour benefit bikini biscuit bonsai boredom bouquet boutique braille
brilliant bruise
buoyant business byte ial
29
10
7
3
16
19
19
9
4
3
32
3
31
7
10
25
4
14
14
14
20
14
14
4
10
31
19
7
7
3
8
29
13
29
13
13
27
8
9
13
2
13
er
absence Unit
accidental Unit
Unit
ache achievement
Unit
acknowledgementUnit
Unit
acquire adequate Unit
adorable Unit
adventurous
Unit
advertisement Unit
allowed Unit
amazement
Unit
Unit
ambitious anchor Unit
announcement Unit
Unit
annoy
anonymous
Unit
antibiotic Unit
anticlimax Unit
anticlockwise Unit
antique Unit
antiseptic Unit
antisocial Unit
anxious Unit
applause Unit
appreciate Unit
Unit
aqua archaeology
Unit
Unit
architect argument Unit
artificial Unit
assistance Unit
audible
Unit
audience Unit
authentic Unit
author
Unit
Unit
authority automatic Unit
Unit
available awesome Unit
Unit
awful
awkward Unit
ac
©M
78
words in alphabetical order
Co
List
i l la
A
n Education
synagogue synthetic Unit 20
Unit 26
technique technology
tension terrible thoughtful tolerant tongue tournament traditional
tragedy tragic
tranquil trek trousers tsunami turkey
type typical Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
20
7
31
9
2
28
20
22
34
26
8
19
17
1
17
34
26
26
unfortunately unique universe urgent
useful
usual
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
16
20
23
28
2
8
valentine valleys valuable variety various vegetarian venomous victorious violence viruses volcanoes vowel
voyage Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
11
1
9
27
5
34
4
5
29
1
1
32
25
wilful
wonderful worship wrestle
wrinkle Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
2
2
31
33
33
yoga
Unit 17
79
Spelling Rules
and
tips
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
Adding able or ible
If the base word ends in silent e, the e is usually dropped before adding ible or able.
believable, collapsible
Some exceptions: noticeable, changeable, likeable, manageable
Adding ally
p
magic
magically
automatically
publicly
Suffixes ence, ance, ency and ancy
ial
Co
Exception: public
automatic
er
If a word ends in ic, add ally to form the adverb.
If the adjective ends in ent, the noun usually ends in ence.
absence
absent
If the adjective ends in ant, the noun usually ends in ance.
distant
distance
Nouns can also end in ency or ancy.
efficient
efficiency
buoyant
buoyancy
Adding in, un, im, ir and il
The prefixes in and un can be used in front of base words beginning with most letters.
immortal
ir can only be used in front of r.
irreversible
il can only be used in front of l.
illegible
impossible
c
Ma
Adding ous
us
tra
l
im can only be used in front of m or p.
If a base word ends in ce or y, change the e or y to i before adding ous.
m
grace
gracious
vary
various
If the base words ends in our, drop the u before adding ous.
humour
humorous
i l la
A
n Education
Adding mis or dis
If a word starts with s, you usually keep the s when adding mis or dis.
80
disservice
misspelt
F
About
kinaesthetic knowledge
phonological knowledge
visual knowledge
morphemic knowledge
etymological knowledge.
the
authors
Helen Pearson and Janelle Ho combine many years of teaching experience
with strong backgrounds in linguistics, pedagogical theory and assessment.
Helen teaches as a literacy specialist and is also involved in developing
assessment resources to support learning. Janelle works as the Senior
Assessment Officer for Literacy at Educational Assessment Australia.
Both Helen and Janelle have been involved in establishing the International
Competitions and Assessments for Schools – Spelling.
f
n
o
s
r
a
e
P
n
e
l
He
ial
Co
l
l
l
l
l
er
p
S p e l l i n g R u l e s ! is a whole-school spelling program based on sound learning theory
and pedagogy. It is different to other workbook series because it teaches students strategies that move
spelling from working memory into long-term memory—making spelling stick!
Book
SPELLING RULES!
t
m
h
g
a
i
r
t
y
The whole-school program
that makes spelling stick!
D e v e l o p s:
Student
9781420203899
9781420203905 9781420203912
9781420203929
9781420203936
9781420203943
9781420261318
9781420261325
9781420261349
9781420261356
9781420261363
No book at
this level
c
Ma
A l s o
9781420261332
A l s o
a v a i l ab l e
Spelling Rules! Teacher Resource Book Ages 5–8
Spelling Rules! Teacher Resource Book Ages 8–12+
m
9781420204285
9781420204292
us
tra
l ia
Companion Series
9781420203882
H e le n P e ars o n a n d J an elle H o
a v a i l ab l e
Spelling Rules! teacher support on CD
l workbook in IWB-friendly
format
l IWB teaching tips for every unit
l differentiated word lists and
answers in editable format.
Packed with:
l practical background information about spelling development
l teaching tips for each unit
l extra word lists
l guidelines for assessing spelling and diagnosing spelling error
l support for struggling spellers and extension for more able spellers.
i l la
A
n Education
TEXTS
9781420276749
Supports the Australian Curriculum English
Student Book
Australian
Curriculum Level
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
F
1
2
3
4
5
6
D
4
E
5
F
6
G
7
Supports the New Zealand English Curriculum
Student Book
NZ Level
A
1
B
2
C
3
TEXTS
TEXTS
and
Janelle
Ho

© M acmillan Education Australia For review purposes only

Transcription

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