adelaide symphony chorus - Adelaide Symphony Orchestra
Transcription
adelaide symphony chorus - Adelaide Symphony Orchestra
Adelaide Symphony Orchestra 16 & 17 May, Festival Theatre ADELAIDE SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA 2014 SE N CARMINA BURANA ASO SPECTACULAR Festival Theatre 16 & 17 May Nicholas Carter Conductor Milica Ilic Soprano Paul McMahon Tenor Samuel Dundas Baritone Adelaide Symphony Chorus - Carl Crossin OAM Chorus Director Young Adelaide Voices - Christie Anderson Artistic Director Rachmaninov The Isle of the Dead Symphonic Poem, Op 29 Interval Orff Carmina burana Fortuna Imperatrix Mundi (Fortune, Empress of the World) Primo Vere (In Spring) Uf dem anger (In the Meadow) In Taberna ( In the Tavern) Cour d’amours (Court of Love) Blanziflor et Helena (Blancheflour and Helen) Fortuna Imperatrix Mundi (Fortune, Empress of the World) This concert runs for approximately 105 minutes including interval. Friday evening’s concert will be broadcast live on ABC Classic FM. www.aso.com.au ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES 3 ACCESS ALL AREAS The Advertiser gets you closer to the Adelaide Symphony Orchestra than ever before. More features. More interviews. More exclusive experiences. The Advertiser. Proud sponsor of the arts in South Australia. welcome xxx Adelaide’s No.1 ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES 5 nicholas carter conductor Nicholas Carter is fast establishing a career as a conductor of exceptional versatility, equally at home in the concert hall and the opera house, and fluent in a diverse repertoire. He has been Resident Conductor of the Hamburg State Opera since 2011, as well as serving as musical assistant to Music Director Simone Young. This engagement followed a three-year association with the Sydney Symphony, first as Assistant Conductor, working closely with Vladimir Ashkenazy and a number of the orchestra’s guest conductors, and subsequently as Associate Conductor. Nicholas has recently been appointed Associate Guest Conductor of the Adelaide Symphony Orchestra and from August this year he will take up the post of Kapellmeister at the Deutsche Oper, Berlin. In Hamburg, Nicholas has conducted performances of Barbiere di Siviglia, Die Zauberflöte, Hänsel und Gretel, and Cleopatra by Johan Mattheson. The 2013/2014 season sees him lead performances of Lucia di Lammermoor, Cosi fan Tutte, L’Orontea (Cesti), as well as further performances of Die Zauberflöte and Hänsel und Gretel. Furthermore, as Musical Assistant to Simone Young, he has been heavily involved in the preparation of a vast repertoire, including in the presentation of 10 Wagner operas, from Rienzi to Parsifal, to celebrate the bicentenary in 2013 of the composer’s birth. As guest conductor, Nicholas has conducted the Staatsorchester Braunschweig, the Louisiana Philharmonic, the Dalasinfoniettan Sweden and the Hamburg Philharmonic Orchestra in a Gala with Diana Damrau as soloist. 6 At the invitation of Donald Runnicles, Nicholas has served as Associate Conductor of the Grand Teton Music Festival in Wyoming since 2010. In Australia, Nicholas enjoys collaborating regularly with many of the country’s finest orchestras and ensembles, such as the Sydney, West Australian, Melbourne, Adelaide and Queensland Symphony Orchestras, Orchestra Victoria, Melbourne Chamber Orchestra and the Orchestra of the Australian National Academy of Music. He has also appeared with the Malaysian, and New Zealand Symphony Orchestras. In 2011, Nicholas led a Gala concert with the Sydney Symphony and Anne Sofie von Otter. This year Nicholas Carter will return to both the Adelaide and Melbourne Symphony Orchestras as well as making his debut for State Opera of South Australia conducting La Traviata. What is your personal connection to Carmina burana? I have sung countless performances of Carmina burana over the years, as a boy soprano with the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra. I can’t wait to stand out the front this time and direct the ASO, Adelaide Symphony Chorus and Young Adelaide Voices in this colossal work by Carl Orff. It’s a captivating journey for orchestra, choir and audience alike! I’m looking forward to working with Sam Dundas who will be our baritone soloist. Sam and I were inaugural members of the Victorian Opera Developing Artist Program, and shared many performances together, most notably in Don Giovanni. He is an exceptional talent on course for a huge career! ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES milica ilic soprano Serbian-born Milica Ilic migrated to New Zealand in 1996. She commenced her musical training at a young age undertaking singing lessons with Professor David Griffiths. As a member of the Young Friends of Opera New Zealand, she performed as a soloist and in the chorus. Whilst appearing on the television series Dreams Come True, Milica met Dame Kiri Te Kanawa, which subsequently led to her participating in a weekend workshop hosted by the internationally-renowned soprano. Milica completed a Bachelor of Music Degree at the Queensland Conservatorium Griffith University (QCGU). She also studied German at the GoetheInstitut in Berlin (2005) and voice with Leandra Overmann (Professor of Singing at the Academy of Music in Würzburg in Germany). She has been the winner of the 2008 Australian National Eisteddfod, the Dame Joan Sutherland Vocal Competition (at the youngest recorded age of 19), the Elwyn Barber Memorial Encouragement Trophy, as well as a two-time winner of both the Margaret Nixon Vocal Competition and the South East Queensland Aria and Concerto Competition (2006 and 2008). She was also a three-time semi-finalist at the Australian Singing Competition (2002, 2003 and 2005). Queensland. She also sang the role of Barbarina in Le nozze di Figaro for Macau International Music Festival. In 2010, Milica continued her affiliation with Opera Queensland as a Young Artist and performed in their touring production of The Merry Widow. She also performed in the Opera Gala for the Queensland Symphony Orchestra and gave a private recital in the Utzon Room at the Sydney Opera House. The following year saw many performances as soloist with the QSO. In 2012, Milica appeared as Queen of Night in The Magic Flute for Opera Australia and covered the title role in their new production of Lucia di Lammermoor. She also took soprano solos in several concerts with the QSO and become a major recording artist with ABC Classics. In 2013, Milica Ilic appeared as soloist with the Sydney and Queensland Symphony Orchestras. Her new EP with mezzo-soprano Victoria Lambourn – Lakmé – has recently been released by ABC Classics. Her performances have included the roles of Papagena in Die Zauberflöte, Cupid in Semele and Nannetta in Falstaff (for QCGU). In 2009, Milica created the role of Emma in the youth opera Dirty Apple and appeared in La Traviata - both for Opera ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES 7 paul mcmahon tenor Performing regularly as a soloist with symphony orchestras, chamber music groups and choirs throughout Australia, New Zealand and Asia, tenor Paul McMahon is one of Australia’s finest exponents of baroque and classical repertoire, particularly the Evangelist role in the Passions of J. S. Bach. Career highlights include Bach’s JohannesPassion with the Australian Chamber Orchestra under Richard Tognetti; Bach’s Matthäus-Passion under Roy Goodman; Haydn’s Die Schöpfung under the late Richard Hickox, Mozart’s Mass in C Minor under Masaaki Suzuki and Mozart’s Requiem with the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra under Manfred Honeck. Paul’s recent collaborations include recitals with the renowned pianists Bengt Forsberg and Kathryn Stott, the New Zealand String Quartet and the Australia Ensemble. Paul has appeared as soloist in the festivals of Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane and has given concerts for broadcast on ABC Classic FM and the MBS network. He was a member of The Song Company from 1997 to 2001, touring regularly with this ensemble throughout Australia, Asia and Europe. Paul’s discography includes the solo album of English, French and Italian lute songs entitled A Painted Tale; a CD and DVD recording of Handel’s Messiah; Handel’s Semele; Monteverdi’s L’Orfeo; Purcell’s The Fairy Queen; Mozart’s Requiem and Idomeneo, Carl Orff’s Carmina burana and Fauré’s La naissance de Venus. He is featured on Swoon - A Visual and Musical Odyssey and The 8 Swoon Collection Gold Edition; the Christmas discs Perfect Day, Silent Night and Glorious Night; Prayer for Peace; Eternity; Danny Boy, Ye Banks and Braes, Praise II and the soundtrack to the Australian feature film The Bank. This season, Paul has appeared as soloist in Handel’s Messiah with the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra and St George’s Cathedral, Perth, Haydn’s Theresienmesse with the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra, Mozart’s Requiem with the Auckland Philharmonic Orchestra, Beethoven’s Symphony No. 9 with the Adelaide Symphony Orchestra and Orff’s Carmina burana with the Sydney Symphony. Paul accepted a Churchill Fellowship in 2002 to undertake intensive study in baroque repertoire under the tutelage of Marius van Altena at the Royal Conservatoire in The Hague, Netherlands. He holds a Bachelor of Creative Arts degree from the University of Southern Queensland, a Graduate Diploma of Music from the Queensland Conservatorium Griffith University and a Master of Music (Performance) degree from the Sydney Conservatorium of Music. Awarded a Griffith University Postgraduate Research Scholarship, Paul recently completed his PhD, which examined the delivery of baroque performance practice pedagogy in higher education. His academic research includes publications on works by Handel and Draghi, vocal pedagogy and historical performance practice. An experienced teacher and lecturer, Paul was a member of the academic staff at the University of Newcastle from 2005– 2012. He is currently a Lecturer in Music at the Australian National University, Canberra. ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES samuel dundas baritone Samuel Dundas is a graduate of the Melba Conservatorium of Music and his performance experience encompasses opera, musical theatre and concerts. He has sung in concert throughout Australia and New Zealand, including with the ASO, MSO, TSO, WASO and the Auckland Philharmonia, and his concert repertoire includes Pilatus/Bass soloist in Johannes Passion and Mozart Requiem. In 2010 - 2011, he was a member of the Moffatt Oxenbould Young Artist program at Opera Australia, during which time his roles included Doctor/Inquisitor/Judge/Stanislaus in Candide, Handsome in La Fanciulla del West, Starveling in A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Ceprano in Rigoletto, Yamadori in Madama Butterfly, Pish Tush in The Mikado, Cascada in Merry Widow and Masetto in Don Giovanni. Since 2005, when Samuel made his operatic debut with Opera Queensland, he has gone on to perform with More than Opera, the AYO and has been involved with Victorian Opera both as a freelance artist and a member of the Artist Development program. Roles he has performed with VO include Guglielmo in Così fan tutte, Belcore in The Elixir of Love, the Second Soldier in The Love of the Nightingale, Creon/The Messenger in Oedipus Rex and Chief Clerk in Metamorphosis, as well as Schaunard in the Puccini: The Sacred and Profane gala. Recently, he performed Priest in The Magic Flute, Guglielmo in Così fan tutte, Fiorello in The Barber of Seville, Yamadori in Madama Butterfly for Opera Australia and the title role in Oz Opera’s tour of Don Giovanni. Other recent engagements have included Papageno in The Magic Flute for Victorian Opera, soloist in Brahms Requiem with the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra Chorus and his debut with Sydney Sinfonia in a Discovery series concert at the City Recital Hall, Sydney. 2009 saw Samuel make his role debut in the title role in Victorian Opera’s production of Don Giovanni. Other performances included Harlequin in Ariadne auf Naxos, also for Victorian Opera; bass soloist in Fauré Requiem for the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra; the inaugural concert at the new Melbourne Recital Centre in Vaughan Williams Serenade to Music; Opera Australia’s annual Williamstown concert; and an Opera Gala concert in Morundah. Samuel’s 2013 engagements included Marcello in La Bohème, Morales in Carmen (Handa Opera on Sydney Harbour), Gaoler in Tosca, Dr Malatesta in Don Pasquale and Sid in Albert Herring all for Opera Australia and Brahms German Requiem with Sydney Philharmonia Choirs. Samuel is also the winner of the 2013 Lady Fairfax New York Scholarship. ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES 9 adelaide symphony chorus Incorporating Elder Conservatorium Chorale & Marryatville High School Choir Carl Crossin OAM Chorus Director Aldis Sils Assistant Chorus Director, Conductor, Marryatville High School Choir Karl Geiger Repetiteur & Assistant Chorus Director The Adelaide Symphony Chorus was formed in 2000 to perform the large orchestral repertoire with chorus with the Adelaide Symphony Orchestra. Since then the Chorus has collaborated with the Adelaide Symphony Orchestra on many occasions performing such choral/orchestral masterpieces as Beethoven’s ‘Choral’ Symphony, Mahler’s 2nd, 3rd and 8th symphonies, Bernstein’s Mass, Brahms’ Requiem and Schicksallslied, Orff’s Carmina burana and Britten’s War Requiem. Consisting of over 100 selected experienced choral singers from all over Adelaide, the Chorus is directed by one of Australia’s leading choir directors, Carl Crossin, currently Artistic Director and Conductor of Adelaide Chamber Singers, and Director of the Elder Conservatorium of Music at the University of Adelaide. 10 The Adelaide Symphony Chorus stands as a valuable showcase of the city’s strong choral traditions, a tribute to the many dedicated people who continually give of their time and effort, voluntarily, to create this vibrant choral scene. The core of the Chorus are the members of the Elder Conservatorium Chorale supplemented with selected singers, chosen by audition, from the wider choral community. For this performance of Carl Orff’s Carmina burana, we also welcome the singers from the Marryatville High School Choir. The Adelaide Symphony Chorus is an initiative of the Adelaide Symphony Orchestra, The Elder Conservatorium Chorale and the Adelaide Chamber Singers. Chorus Director, Carl Crossin, appears courtesy of the Elder Conservatorium of Music. ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES SOPRANOS ALTOS TENORS BASSES Catherine Bateman Susan Brooke-Smith Rachel Bruer-Jones Jennifer Brunton Lisa Catinari Verity Colyer Alison Day Megan Fishers Alison Fleming Georgina Gold Cassandra Humble Grace Joyce Heather Karmel Katrina Mackenzie Nicky Marshal Margaret May Alison McDougall Madeline Mitchell Katherine Morgan Siobhan Owen Phoebe Paine Deepika Phadke Courtney Sandford Kay Thorp Kiera Turner Wendy Wakefield Emma Wu Dorothy Zweck Penny Baker Georgia Balchin Deborah Baldassi Paulina Brinkworth Petrina Byrnes Alison Campbell Rachel DeAngelis Lisa Fechner Carol Fort Anna Freer Ashleigh Geiger Jodie Grainger Amelia Holds Sarah Horne Yunhe Huang Thalia Huston Judy Jaensch Jennifer Jarman Charlotte Kelso Sarah Klein Stephanie Neale Sarah O’Brien Frances Owen Melinda Pike Emily Ravenscroft Katherine Samarzia Olivia SandersRobinson Melanie Sandford- Morgan Georgia Simmons Renée Stevens Imogen Telfer Deb Tranter Michelle Zweck Harrison Atwell Mitchell Bartel Joshua Belperio Gil Costes Martin Day Andrew O’connor Martin Penhale Jo Pike Christopher Rawlinson Mark Sales Thomas Shepherd Judy Szekeres Sean Tanner Colin Telfer Chris Tonkin Matthew Winfield Graham Yuile Anthony Zatorski Ron Abelita Jason Bensen Paul Black Ian Brown Thomas Bubner Andrew Chatterton Peter Deane Christian Evans Aidan Foyel Oliver Grenfell Scott Gunn Andrew Heitmann Macintyre HowieReeves Ian Li Julian Opie Adrian Ozols Neil Piggott Mark Roberts David Rohrsheim Chris Steketee Bradley Tucker ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES 11 young adelaide voices Christie Anderson Artistic Director Karl Geiger Accompanist Young Adelaide Voices is a unique South Australian Choir School, catering for young people aged 5 – 35. This community based, not-forprofit organisation provides a excellent quality choral education within a friendly and positive environment. There are 6 choirs in YAV, including a newly-formed Male Voice Choir. Our Carmina Chorus is made up of choristers from four YAV choirs, aged 9 – 14. Young Adelaide Voices teaches excellence in singing, performing and musicianship with music from all genres and eras and concerts for every choir, young and old! Young choristers grow in skill and maturity as they progress through the choirs and they develop in music, confidence and teamwork. YAV also enjoy a great social environment as part of their weekly rehearsals and performances as well as a rehearsal camp each year and the bonds of music and friendship reverberate throughout their lives. The choristers have also represented Australia in many international festivals and in their international tour to the USA in 2012, Young Adelaide Voices won First Prize in all the Youth Choir sections in the 9th International Golden Gate Youth Choir Festival in San Francisco plus a Silver medal in the World Choir Games in Cincinnati. YAV also represented Australia in the Serenade! Festival in Washington DC (including workshops on Australian music) and gave friendship concerts in Fairfield Connecticut and Hamilton, Ohio. Previously, Young Adelaide Voices has represented Australia in the World Festival of 12 Children’s Choirs in China and Hong Kong and the European Youth Choral Festival in Neerpelt, Belgium. It is in Belgium where they have twice received Festival honours, 1st Prize cum laude (2008) and 1st Prize summa cum laude (1996). They have recorded 10 CDs, the latest We are as one released in December 2012. YAV has performed with many other artistic organisations in addition to the ASO, including the Band of the SA Police, The Idea of North and the State Opera of South Australia. They also perform at other community and professional events, including the Adelaide Festival Centre’s Something on Saturday, Tasting Australia, The Cranio-facial Foundation, primary school tours, the Credit Union Christmas Pageant , Carols by Candlelight, the Lord Mayor’s Christmas Reception and the SA Great Awards. YAV are also recipients of The Key of the City of Adelaide for their excellent contribution to music-making in the state. In Adelaide, Young Adelaide Voices has performed and collaborated with the Adelaide International Festival of Arts and the International Fringe Festival, the Adelaide Symphony Orchestra and the State Opera of South Australia, where they have sung in programs as diverse as the Children’s Chorus in Mahler Symphony No 8 Symphony of a Thousand (Adelaide Festival 2010), Humperdinck’s Hansel and Gretel, Leonard Bernstein’s Mass (Adelaide Festival 2012) and performing the film score to Peter Jackson’s The Lord of The Rings – The Fellowship of the Ring with the Adelaide ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES Symphony Orchestra (2012). In 2013 they were involved in the Art Gallery of South Australia’s Start Day children’s programs, performed with Katie Noonan and Karin Schaupp in Songs of the Southern Skies for the Adelaide Festival Centre, OzAsia’s Moon Lantern Festival , and they were the Children’s Chorus in Britten’s War Requiem with the Adelaide Symphony Orchestra. YAV has a composer in residence program and fully supports the composition of new Australian choral works for youth choirs of all ages. Eliza Allan Olivia Allen Makayla Anderson April Bell Ivy Bell Rhianna Bell Danae Bettison Clara Chiodi-Reveruzzi Olivia Christie Julia Culver Sarah Cusack Emily Mohan-Ram Laura Mohan-Ram Daisy Madigan Katrina Ogierman Jack Overall Chloe Pettit Ashley Piper Emily Potter Martin Quinn Mia Sander Jessica Wadsworth Eleanor Fulton Tatyana Gooding Jordan Hall Crystal Iluno Lana Kotro Olivia Lagos Anton Levings David Linn Charlotte Loipersberger Monique Lymn Isobel Martin www.youngadelaidevoices.asn.au ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES Lauren Ward Ruby Washington Jemma Wellens Ruby Wheaton Matilda Whittaker Jessica Williams Jaci Wilmott 13 Adelaide Symphony Orchestra Principal Guest Conductor and Artistic Advisor Arvo Volmer Artist in Association Nicholas McGegan Associate Guest Conductor Nicholas Carter Concertmaster Natsuko Yoshimoto Musical Chair sponsored by ASO Chair of the Board Colin Dunsford AM & Lib Dunsford VIOLINS Elizabeth Layton** (Guest Concertmaster) Cameron Hill** (Guest Associate Concertmaster) Shirin Lim* (Principal 1st Violin) Musical Chair supported by Dr Georgette Straznicky Michael Milton** (Principal 2nd Violin) Musical Chair supported by The Friends of the ASO ~ Lachlan Bramble (Associate Principal 2nd Violin) Musical Chair supported by Robert & Deborah Pontifex Ann Axelby Erna Berberyan Minas Berberyan Musical Chair supported by Merry Wickes Gillian Braithwaite Julia Brittain Hilary Bruer Musical Chair supported by Marion Wells Jane Collins Frances Davies Belinda Gehlert Alison Heike Anne Horton Danielle Jaquillard Alexis Milton Jennifer Newman Julie Newman Emma Perkins Musical Chair supported by Peter & Pamela McKee Alexander Permezel Judith Polain Marie-Louise Slaytor Kemeri Spurr VIOLAS Juris Ezergailis** Musical Chair supported in the memory of Mrs JJ Holden ~ Imants Larsens Lesley Cockram Martin Butler Anna Hansen Rosi McGowran Carolyn Mooz Michael Robertson Cecily Satchell Asha Stephenson CELLOS Simon Cobcroft** Ewen Bramble~ Musical Chair supported by Barbara Mellor Sarah Denbigh Christopher Handley Musical Chair supported by Johanna and Terry McGuirk Sherrilyn Handley Musical Chair supported by Johanna and Terry McGuirk Gemma Phillips David Sharp Musical Chair supported by Aileen Connon AM Cameron Waters BASSES David Schilling** Musical Chair supported by Mrs Maureen Akkermans ~ Esther Toh (Guest Associate) Jacky Chang Harley Gray Musical Chair supported by Bob Croser Belinda Kendall-Smith David Phillips Musical Chair supported in thanks of David’s father for improving my sight – Betsy FLUTES Julia Grenfell** Musical Chair supported by Chris & Julie Michelmore Rebecca Johnson PICCOLO Lisa Gill* OBOES Celia Craig** Musical Chair supported by Penelope & Geoffrey HackettJones Renae Stavely Elizabeth Collins 14 ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES COR ANGLAIS Peter Duggan* Musical Chair supported by Dr JB Robinson CLARINETS Dean Newcomb** Musical Chair supported by the Royal Over-Seas League SA Inc Darren Skelton E FLAT CLARINET Darren Skelton* BASS CLARINET Mitchell Berick* Musical Chair supported by Nigel Stevenson & Glenn Ball BASSOONS Mark Gaydon** Musical Chair supported by Pamela Yule Leah Stephenson Musical Chair supported by Liz Ampt CONTRA BASSOON Jackie Hansen* Musical Chair supported by Norman Etherington & Peggy Brook HORNS Sarah Barrett** (Acting Principal) Heath Parkinson~ (Guest Associate) Bryan Griffiths Philip Paine Alice Dyer Anna Handsworth TRUMPETS Matt Dempsey** Musical Chair supported by R & P Cheesman ~ Robin Finlay (Guest Associate) Gregory Frick David Khafagi TROMBONES Cameron Malouf** Musical Chair supported by Virginia Weckert & Charles Melton of Charles Melton Wines Ian Denbigh BASS TROMBONE Howard Parkinson* TUBA Peter Whish-Wilson* Musical Chair supported by Ollie Clark AM & Joan Clark TIMPANI Robert Hutcheson* Paul Simpson-Smith PERCUSSION Steven Peterka** Musical Chair supported by The Friends of the ASO Gregory Rush Jamie Adam Amanda Grigg Andrew Penrose Paul Simpson-Smith HARP Suzanne Handel* CELESTE Katrina Reynolds* PIANOS David Barnard** Jamie Cock* ** denotes Section Leader * denotes Principal Player ~ denotes Associate Principal ASO BOARD Colin Dunsford AM (Chair) Anthony Steel AM (Deputy Chair) Jillian Attrill Col Eardley Karen Hannon Chris Michelmore Michael Morley Robert Pontifex Nigel Stevenson ASO MANAGEMENT Executive Vincent Ciccarello - Managing Director Margie Corston - Assistant to Managing Director Artistic Simon Lord - Director, Artistic Planning Sophie Emery - Artistic Administrator Emily Gann - Learning and Engagement Coordinator Finance and HR Bruce Bettcher Business and Finance Manager Louise Williams Manager, People and Culture Karin Juhl - Accounts/Box Office Coordinator Sarah McBride - Payroll Emma Wight - Administrative Assistant Operations Heikki Mohell - Director of Operations and Commercial Karen Frost - Orchestra Manager Kingsley Schmidtke - Venue/Production Supervisor Bruce Stewart - Librarian David Khafagi - Operations Assistant Marketing and Development Paola Niscioli - General Manager, Marketing and Development Vicky Lekis - Director of Development Annika Stennert Marketing Coordinator Kate Sewell - Publicist Tom Bastians - Development Assistant FRIENDS OF THE ASO EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Elizabeth Bowen - President Alyson Morrison - Past President Alison Campbell and Michael Critchley Vice Presidents Honora Griffith - Honorary Secretary John Gell - Assistant Secretary/ Membership Judy Birze - Treasurer ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES 15 Sergei Rachmaninov The Isle of the Dead Symphonic Poem, Op 29 Rachmaninov’s symphonic poem takes its title from a painting by Swiss artist Arnold Böcklin (1827-1901), one of a series on the same subject. It is the only mature work Rachmaninov admitted was the result of literary or pictorial stimulus, although it is thought that extramusical stimuli lay behind many of his pieces. Rachmaninov came across the painting in 1906 while living in Dresden, where he had gone to live in order to have more time for composition than his commitments as pianist and conductor allowed him. Böcklin’s painting depicts Charon, the ferryman of the dead in Greek mythology, rowing a wrapped corpse across the Underworld river of Styx. There is some argument as to whether Böcklin based his setting on the group of Ponzo islands north of the gulf of Naples, or Pondikonisi off the coast of Corfu. It is a lonely island landscape with mournful cypresses surrounded by high cliffs which becomes the Isle of the Dead of Böcklin’s imagination. The mood of this picture stirred Rachmaninov’s imagination greatly. He was subject to a persistent melancholia – traceable perhaps to the psychological collapse which accompanied the failure of his First Symphony – but we should not underestimate the 19th century’s fascination with death and commemoration. Böcklin said that this painting was meant to achieve a dream-like quality, an effect of stillness, and Rachmaninov brilliantly achieves a similar effect at the beginning of his tone poem; the 16 1873-1943 five-note motif introduced by cellos is suggestive of a boat slowly plying through waters or waves lapping at its sides. Sustained brass tones emerge from this music. By reference to the painting one can imagine the cliffs looming over the approaching cargo. There is the occasional tragic countermelody. Rachmaninov’s symphonic poem describes a simple dynamic pattern, building a couple of times to climaxes, the last perhaps expressive of the soul’s grief at parting from the world, before finally subsiding quietly into the irresistible mood of the opening. One of Rachmaninov’s most typical features, the quoting of the Dies irae melody from the Latin Mass for the Dead, is heard in various guises throughout, never in full, but perhaps most noticeably after the main climax, where it is heard above a plodding funereal accompaniment. What is remarkable, considering that the Dies irae is never heard complete, is that the whole of this work is imbued with the effect of lamentation such that we could divine the subject matter even without benefit of title. G.K. Williams - Symphony Australia © 1997 Rachmaninov completed The Isle of the Dead in 1908 and premiered it the next year in Moscow. The Adelaide Symphony Orchestra first performed the work on 29 June 1973 under conductor Tibor Paul, and most recently in July 1992 with Muhai Tang. Duration 20 minutes. ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES HEAR ALL YOUR FAVOURITES GOLDFINGER, SKYFALL, DIAMONDS ARE FOREVER, NOBODY DOES IT BETTER, LIVE AND LET DIE AND FOR YOUR EYES ONLY CONDUCTOR GUY NOBLE VOCALS DEBORA KRIZAK & BLAKE BOWDEN JAMES PLAYS BOND 27 & 28 JUNE 8PM FESTIVAL THEATRE TICKETS FROM $33.30 BOOK AT BASS.NET.AU / 131 246 The ASO receives Commonwealth funding through the Australia Council; its arts funding and advisory body. carl orff 1895-1982 Carmina burana In the 1803 a large collection of medieval poetry was discovered in the abbey of Benediktbeuern in Bavaria. Its 320 poems, written on vellum and richly illustrated with illuminated capital letters, represent an anthology of styles and languages: they are mainly written in medieval Latin, but include texts in Old French and Middle High German. It seems that it was compiled in the 13th century for the court of the Bishop of Seckau in Austria. The Bishop must have been a worldly churchman as the collection includes examples of religious and ‘moral’ songs, those of springtime and love as well as drinking songs. In the mid-1930s the collection came to the attention of Carl Orff who later remarked: “Fortune smiled on me when she put into my hands a Würzburg secondhand books catalogue, in which I found a title that exercised on me an attraction of magical force: Carmina burana: Latin and German songs and poems of a 13th-century manuscript from Benediktbeuern, edited by J.A. Schmeller.” Orff spoke more truly than he knew: certainly Carmina burana (‘Songs of Beuern’) would make his fortune, at least artistically, but the blind goddess, as celebrated in the first section of Orff’s piece, is inconstant like the moon. Carmina 18 burana was Orff’s greatest success – he was only half joking when he wrote to his publisher ‘Everything I have written to date, and which you have, unfortunately, printed, can be destroyed. With Carmina burana, my collected works begin.’ But its success put much of his subsequent achievement in the shade. Orff was born in 1895 into a military family with intellectual and artistic interests and studied music from an early age including, significantly, research into non-European music. His early opera Gisei, for instance, is based on Japanese Nōh drama. In 1917 he enlisted in the German army, but was wounded and invalided out. The 1920s saw the gradual development of the music-education theories for which, apart from Carmina burana, he is best remembered today. With Dorotheé Günther he founded the Güntherschule, where the curriculum centred on music, gymnastics and dance; out of this evolved the Orff-Schulwerk, a method of teaching music through repetition, improvisation and with a focus on percussion. At this time too he and Günther made ‘free adaptations’ of operatic works of Monteverdi, notably Orfeo. Orff’s own compositions during the 1920s show an increasing interest in the use of percussion often with piano (a ‘clean’ sound derived in part from that of Stravinsky’s Les Noces), harmony which is essentially diatonic but which avoids the ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES goal-directed feel of traditional tonal music, and rhythm characterised (again, after Stravinsky) by the use of repeated figurations. These musical techniques reached their first realisation in 1931’s Catulli Carmina, settings of one of the great Roman poets. Carmina burana followed a few years later, and was first performed in Frankfurt in 1937. It made an immediate impact. Richard Strauss wrote some years later praising Orff’s ‘purity of style and unaffected musical language, free from any posing and any digressions to left or right’. 1937 was of course a time when Hitler and the Nazis were doing their utmost to win the hearts and minds of Germany partly, as Richard Taruskin has noted, by launching a propaganda offensive against the Christian churches and playing up the pagan roots of Aryan culture. Orff was never a member of the Nazi party, nor, so far as we know, were any of his close friends, and there is no evidence that he cultivated a Nazi aesthetic in his music. In fact the New Yorker critic Alex Ross argues that precisely because Orff’s music lends itself so well to advertising is evidence that it contains no ideological message. But the fact remains that such an approachable, stirring and overwhelming piece as Carmina burana comes perilously close to the kind of music favoured by the regime; the cheerfully hedonistic poetry (‘I am the Abbot of Cockaigne’) similarly reflects the growing anti-clericalism in 1930s Germany. Orff moreover profited from the official ban on Jewish music when he accepted a commission to write music for A Midsummer Night’s Dream to replace Mendelssohn’s score, but this may have been genuinely naive, like his setting of words by left-wing writers like Brecht. For this reason we need to take with a grain of salt Orff’s assertion that the work never got a good review in Nazi Germany. It was indeed savaged in one party newspaper for its unintelligible language (that is, Latin) and its ‘jazz influences’, but as Taruskin has pointed out, other critics praised the work in language redolent of much Nazi propaganda, noting its ‘radiant strength-filled life-joy’ and its mixture of ‘storminess’ and ‘discipline’. Orff never joined the party, nor did he repudiate it; Carmina burana continued to be heard even when Orff’s teaching methods were considered suspect. Only after the war did he attempt to paint himself as a member of the White Rose resistance group, a claim which has been seriously called into question. Wherever it has been performed, Carmina burana retains its ability to evoke what Alex Ross calls ‘primitive, unreflective enthusiasm’. And that’s partly because of the nature and subject matter of the texts. Orff described the effect of reading the collection: “On opening it I immediately found, on the front page, the long-famous picture of ‘Fortune and her wheel’ and under it the lines O fortuna/velut luna/statu variabilis … Picture and words seized hold of me … a new work, a stage work with singing and dancing choruses, simply following the illustrations and texts, at once came into my mind.” The ‘O Fortuna’ chorus bookends the whole work with its mighty choral and orchestral forces and implacable rhythms. The body of the work, which uses 23 of the published poems, is divided into three main sections. The first, ‘Springtime’ and ‘On the Meadow’, uses the conventional genres of pastoral poetry: spring returns, the sun warms the earth, the forests awaken, and a young person’s thoughts turn to love. But not before a brief spell ‘In the Tavern’, a male-dominated environment in which Orff creates a number of memorable characters such ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES 19 as the Abbot of Cockaigne whose constituents (all the world) are drinkers. None is more memorable though, if only musically, than the Roasting Swan, a high tenor whose lament is for the loss of his whiteness as much as for his imminent consumption. Finally ‘The Court of Love’ takes up the erotic threads of ‘Springtime’, contrasting delicacy and robust humour before the soaring soprano solo of ‘Dulcissime’ and ecstatic chorus to ‘Blanziflor and Helena’. The ecstasy will, of course, be swept away by Fate, so the music returns to the opening hymn to Fortune. As Michael Steinberg has noted, one wouldn’t guess from the music that the last line of the poetry is ‘mecum omnes plangite’ (come, weep with me). The Adelaide Symphony Orchestra first performed Carmina burana on 9 October 1959 under conductor Norman Chinner, and most recently in October 2006 under Arvo Volmer, with soloists Sara Macliver, David Hamilton and José Carbó. Duration 65 minutes. Gordon Kerry © 2006 Enjoy going to ASO concerts but don’t enjoy the drive? Let us take you! We offer a bus service to a number of ASO concerts throughout the year for just $20. Our pick points are • • • • Goolwa Middleton Port Elliot Victor Harbor Phone 08 8555 2500 or visit www.goolwabuscoach.com.au 20 ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES “With Beethoven you never stop learning.” Claudio Abbado, conductor with a lifetime dedicated to music s u a H n n’s Ope e v o h t e Be COME & PLAY BEETHOVEN Saturday 13 September 10am - 12.30pm Adelaide Town Hall Nicholas McGegan Conductor Here is your chance to join the Orchestra! Spend the morning rehearsing Beethoven’s extraordinary Symphony No 5 led by our wonderful Beethoven Festival conductor. Belinda Kendall-Smith, Bass Join us! Apply to take part at www.aso.com.au/learning. Applications close 1 August 2014 Part of the SA Power Networks Learning Program musical chair sponsored players We thank the following Musical Chair donors, and the fabulous musicians they support. For more information about this individual and rewarding program, please contact Vicky Lekis, Director of Development on (08) 8233 6260 or [email protected] Concertmaster Natsuko Yoshimoto Associate Concertmaster Ike See Musical Chair sponsored by ASO Chair of the Board Colin Dunsford AM & Lib Dunsford Musical Chair supported in memory of Maria & Johann Baska Principal 1st Violin Shirin Lim Principal 2nd Violin Michael Milton Musical Chair supported by Dr Georgette Straznicky Musical Chair supported by The Friends of the ASO Associate Principal 2nd Violin Lachlan Bramble Violin Hilary Bruer Musical Chair supported by Robert & Deborah Pontifex Musical Chair supported by Marion Wells Violin Minas Berberyan Violin Emma Perkins Musical Chair supported by Merry Wickes Musical Chair supported by Peter & Pamela McKee Principal Viola Juris Ezergailis Musical Chair supported in the memory of Mrs JJ Holden Associate Principal Cello Ewen Bramble Musical Chair supported by Barbara Mellor Cello Sarah Denbigh Cello Chris Handley Musical Chair supported by an anonymous donor Musical Chair supported by Johanna and Terry McGuirk Cello Sherrilyn Handley Cello David Sharp Musical Chair supported Johanna and Terry McGuirk Musical Chair supported by Aileen Connon AM Principal Bass David Shilling Bass Harley Gray Musical Chair supported by Mrs Maureen Akkermans Musical Chair supported by Bob Croser Bass David Phillips Musical Chair supported in thanks of David’s father for improving my sight – Betsy Principal Piccolo Julia Grenfell Musical Chair supported by Chris & Julie Michelmore Principal Cor Anglais Peter Duggan Principal Flute Geoffrey Collins Musical Chair supported by Pauline Menz Principal Oboe Celia Craig Musical Chair sponsored by Penelope & Geoffrey Hackett-Jones Principal Clarinet Dean Newcomb Musical Chair supported by Dr JB Robinson Musical Chair supported by Royal Over-Seas League SA Inc Principal Bass Clarinet Mitchell Berick Principal Bassoon Mark Gaydon Musical Chair supported by Nigel Stevenson & Glenn Ball Bassoon Leah Stephenson Musical Chair supported by Liz Ampt Principal Trumpet Matt Dempsey Musical Chair supported by R & P Cheesman Principal Tuba Peter Whish-Wilson Musical Chair supported by Ollie Clark AM & Joan Clark Principal Percussion Steven Peterka Musical Chair supported by The Friends of the ASO Musical Chair supported by Pamela Yule Principal Contra Bassoon Jackie Hansen Musical Chair supported by Norman Etherington & Peggy Brock Associate Principal Trumpet Martin Phillipson Musical Chair supported by Rick Allert AO Principal Trombone Cameron Malouf Musical Chair supported Virginia Weckert & Charles Melton of Charles Melton Wines Violin Janet Anderson Musical Chair supported by... Is this you? our inspirational donors A sincere thank you to all our donors who contributed in the past 12 months. All gifts are very important to us and help to sustain and expand the ASO. Your donation makes a difference. Diamond Patron ($25,000+) Friends of the Adelaide Symphony Orchestra Mr & Mrs Anthony & Margaret Gerard Ms Merry Wickes Plus one anonymous donor Platinum Patron ($10,000 - $24,999) Dr Aileen F Connon AM Rymill House Foundation Plus two anonymous donors Gold Patron ($5,000 - $9,999) Richard Hugh Allert AO Mr & Mrs Keith & Sue Langley & the Macquarie Group Foundation Terry & Johanna McGuirk Peter & Pamela McKee Mrs Diana McLaurin San Remo Macaroni Company Pty Ltd Mr & Mrs Norman & Carol Schueler Silver Patron ($2,500 - $4,999) Mrs Maureen Akkermans Mrs Barbara Mellor Ms Liz Ampt Mrs Pauline Menz Dr Margaret Arstall Mr & Mrs Chris & Julie Michelmore Mr Ollie Clark AM & Mrs Joan Clark Robert & Deborah Pontifex Legh & Helen Davis Royal Overseas League South Australia Incorporated Mr Colin Dunsford AM & Mrs Lib Dunsford Mr Nigel Stevenson & Mr Glenn Ball Mr Donald Scott George Dr Georgette Straznicky Mrs Jacqelyn Green Virginia Weckert & Charles Melton of Charles Melton Wines Geoffrey & Penelope Hackett-Jones Dr Betsy Williams & Mr Oakley Dyer Mr & Mrs Simon & Sue Hatcher Mrs Pamela Yule Mr Robert Kenrick 24 Plus three anonymous donors ADELAIDE SYMPHONY SPECTACULAR SERIES Maestro Patron ($1,000 - $2,499) ASO as winner of Adelaide Critics Circle ACColade Mr Neil Arnold Prof Andrew & Mrs Elizabeth Bersten Mrs Susan Bethune The Hon D J & Mrs E M Bleby Peter & Helen - Bilpin NSW Mrs Patricia Cohen Mrs Jane Doyle Mrs Lorraine Drogemuller Mr L J Emmett Elizabeth Flint OAM L L & S J Greenslade Mr P R Griffiths Mr Volker Hirsinger FR & VG Horwood Mrs M Janzow Dr I Klepper Mr Ian Kowalick AM & Mrs Helen Kowalick Mrs Joan Lyons Mrs Skye McGregor Dr & Mrs Neil & Fay McIntosh Mr & Mrs Peter & Rosalind Neale Dr Don & Mrs Chris Perriam Ms Marietta Resek Mr & Mrs Andrew & Gayle Robertson Mr Richard Ryan AO & Mrs Trish Ryan Mr Roger Salkeld Philip Satchell AM & Cecily Satchell Larry & Maria Scott Mr & Mrs H W Short Mr Ron Sinclair Dr & Mrs Nigel & Chris Steele-Scott OAM Ms Guila Tiver Dr D R & Mrs L A Turner Dr Richard & Mrs Gweneth Willing Plus nine anonymous donors Soloist Patron ($500 - $999) Aldridge Family Endowment Mr & Mrs David & Elaine Annear Dr E Atkinson & Mr J Hardy Ms Dora Avella-O’Brien Barbara Bahlin Mr John Baker Mr & Mrs R & SE Bartz Dianne & Felix Bochner Liz & Mike Bowen Mr Rob Broughton Mr Vincent Ciccarello Mrs Josephine Cooper Tony & Rachel Davidson Mr Bruce Debelle AO Dr C F A Dibden Mrs A E Dow Dr Laurence J Ferguson Mr & Mrs Jiri & Pamela Fiala Mr Douglas Fidock Dr Noel & Mrs Janet Grieve Mrs Eleanor Handreck Dr Robert Hecker Dr Douglas & Mrs Tiiu Hoile Dr Wilfrid Jaksic Dr Helen James Mr & Mrs G & L Jaunay Ms Elizabeth Keam AM Ms Patricia Lescius Mrs Beth Lewis Lodge Thespian, No. 195 Inc Mr Melvyn Madigan Mr Peter McBride Ms Fiona Morgan Dr & Mrs David & Kerrell Morris Dr Kenneth and Dr Glenys O’Brien Dr John Overton Ms Jocelyn Parsons Mr Tom F Pearce Mr Martin Penhale Mr & Mrs John & Jenny Pike J M Prosser Mr & Mrs David & Janet Rice Mr Mark Rinne Mrs Janet Ann Rover Mr A D Saint Ms Linda Sampson Mr & Mrs W Scharer Mrs Deborah Schultz Dr Peter Shaughnessy Beth & John Shepherd Mr W & Mrs H Stacy Mr Christopher Stone Mr & Mrs John & Diana Todd Ms Christine Trenorden The Honourable Justice Ann Vanstone Plus eight anonymous donors Tutti Patron ($250 - $499) Mr Rob Baillie Mr Brenton Barritt Dr Gaby Berce Mr Ben Beresford Dr Adam Black Mr Mark Blumberg Dr & Mrs J & M Brooks R W & D A Buttrose Mrs J Y Clothier Mrs Bridget Conybeare Dr R B Cooter Mr Stephen Courtenay Mr & Mrs Michael & Jennifer Critchley George & Ilana Culshaw Mrs M D Daniel OAM Fr John Devenport Dr Alan Down Lady Mary Downer Mr & Mrs Stephen & Emma Evans Mr J H Ford Mr Otto Fuchs Mr John Gazley Mr & Mrs Andrew & Helen Giles Dr David & Mrs Kay Gill The Hon R & Mrs L Goldsworthy Mrs E A Gunson Mrs Josephine Hails Mr Neil Halliday Mrs Jill Hay Mr & Mrs Michael & Janet Hayes Mr John H Heard AM Dr Robert & Mrs Margaret Heddle Mr & Mrs Peter & Helen Herriman Mr & Mrs Michael & Stacy Hill Smith Mrs Kate Hislop Mr D G W Howard Alex & Natalia Hubczenko Ms Rosemary Hutton Mrs R J Keane Mr Angus Kennedy Mrs Bellena Kennedy Mr William Langman Miss Jackie Leslie Mr J H Love Mrs M P Lynch Mr Colin Macdonald Mrs Beverley Macmahon Robert Marrone Dr Ruth Marshall Mrs Barbara May McGuirk Management Consultants Mrs Maureen Milne Mrs Alyson Morrison Margaret Mudge Mr John Newson K & K Palmer Denys Pasitschnyk Mrs Coralie Patterson Dr B W Phillips Ms Debbie Phillips Mr D G Pitt Mr Frank Prez Mrs Catherine L Osborne Mr & Mrs Ian & Jen Ramsay A L & J M Read W D, E M & M D Riceman Mrs Nan Roberts Dr I & Dr K Roberts-Thomson Dr Ben Robinson Mr Trevor Rowan Mr Richard Rowland Mrs Jill Russell Mrs Meredyth Sarah AM Dr W T H & Mrs P M Scales Mr David Scown Mr Roger Siegele Mr & Mrs Antony & Mary Lou Simpson Mr Grant Spence Mr & Mrs Graham & Maureen Storer Mrs Anne Sutcliffe Mrs Verna Symons Dr G M Tallis & Mrs J M Tallis AM Mr & Mrs R & J Taylor Dr Peter Tillett Dr M G Tingay & Mrs A N Robinson Mr David Turner Mrs Neta Diana Vickery Dr Barbara Wall Prof Robert Warner Mr & Mrs F A & G M Wayte Mrs Pamela Whittle Mr Peter Wiadrowski Mrs Gretta Willis Hon David Wotton AM & Mrs Jill Wotton Plus 19 anonymous donors The ASO also thanks the 654 patrons who gave other amounts in the last 12 months. become a friend OF THE ASO As a lover of orchestral music, we invite you to enrich your musical interests, add beautiful lowcost concerts to your musical diary and widen your social network, while assisting in raising valuable funds to help ensure the future of the ASO. Why would you hesitate? Everyone wins!” Benefits of becoming a Friend of the ASO • Supporting one of South Australia’s most valuable assets • Opportunities to meet orchestra members • Receptions to meet local and visiting international artists • Access to rehearsals and education concerts. Friends of the ASO also receive discounts at the following businesses: • ABC Shop Myer Centre, Rundle Mall, Adelaide, Phone 8410 0567 (10% on Total Bill) • John Davis Music 6 Cinema Place, Adelaide, Phone 8232 8287 • Hilton Adelaide Hotel 233 Victoria Square, Adelaide, Phone 8217 2000 (10% Brasserie) • Hotel Grand Chancellor - Bistro 65 65 Hindley Street, Adelaide, Phone 8231 5552 (10% on Total Bill) • La Trattoria Restaurant 346 King William Street, Adelaide, Phone 8212 3327 (10% on Total Bill) • Newman’s Nursery Main North East Road, Phone 8264 2661, Tea Tree Gully (10% plants) • Rigoni’s Bistro 27 Leigh Street, Adelaide, Phone 8231 5160 (10% on Total Bill) Note: Friends must produce Membership Cards as identification for discounts. So join now! For information about joining phone (08) 8233 6211. Hours: Wednesday and Friday 10am to 12 noon. MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION Please complete and send to the: Secretary, Friends of the ASO, GPO Box 2121, Adelaide SA 5001 Name Address Postcode Phone (home) Phone (work) Mobile E-mail Please tick membership requirements Payment thank you to our partners 57 Films Absorb – Paper Products Australian Education Union – SA Branch Boylen colourthinking – Corporate Consultant Coopers Brewery Ltd Corporate Conversation Elite Marketing Haigh’s Chocolates Hickinbotham Group Nova Systems Peregrine Travel Poster Impact The Playford Adelaide Government Support The ASO receives Commonwealth Government funding through the Australia Council; its arts funding and advisory body. The Orchestra continues to be funded by the Government of South Australia through Arts SA. The Adelaide City Council continues to support the ASO during the 2013–14 financial year. Standing behind our community When Australia’s valuable Whennot notunlocking unlocking Australia’s valuable energy resources, we’re behind the scenes energy resources, we’re behind the scenes supporting a wide range of cultural supporting a wide range of cultural and and community activities. community activities. Santos been Principal Partner of the Santos hashas been thethe Principal Partner of the Adelaide Symphony Orchestra for 15 years, Adelaide Symphony Orchestra for 15 years, helping deliver popular community events helping deliver popular community events such as the Symphony Under the Stars. such as the Symphony Under the Stars. Not meaning to beat our own drum, Not beat our own drum, but butmeaning in 2013,towe backed South Australian andSouth organisations incommunity 2012 alone, events we backed Australianto the tune of $9events million. community and organisations to the tune of $6 million. At Santos, we believe that contributing to vibrant and contributing diverse communities Atthe Santos, we culture believe that to of South Australia is well worth the effort. the vibrant culture and diverse communities we’re not justworth an energy company, ofBecause South Australia is well the effort. we’re a company with energy. Because we’re not just an energy company, we’re a company with energy.