Untitled - 高等英语教学网

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Untitled - 高等英语教学网

全国翻译硕士专业学位(MTI)系列教材《基础口译》参考答案仲伟合王斌华主编外语教学与研究出版社全国翻译硕士专业学位(MTI)系列教材
第一单元
口译导论
口译主题：迎来送往
二、技能训练
Text 1 Gordon Brown’s Visit to India
Gordon Brown has arrived in India for a two-day visit, pledging to forge stronger trade links
and cooperate against terrorism. But the fate of Northern Rock continues to dominate his tour. The
prime minister denied he’s already struck a deal with Sir Richard Branson. Our political editor Gary
Gibbon reports from Delhi.
Well, Gordon Brown’s here in India to talk about aid, trade and counter-terrorism. He attended
a women’s empowerment event when he arrived here in Delhi. And a short while after that, he had
this to say about how he wanted more international cooperation on counter-terrorism.
What I would like to see is greater contact between our two countries in winning the battle of
hearts and minds, isolating extremist ideologues who are trying to poison young people and the
views that they have.
Tomorrow Gordon Brown’s gonna be talking about what he calls global governance, changes to
institutions like <the> United Nations. He wants India to have a seat on the Security Council. But he
wants a lot else as well. He’s talking about a sort of force, a bit like the Blue Berets, the military
forces that the United Nations currently deployed to troubled countries. He wants a backup as it were
a blue-suit force which could include teachers, judges, doctors, people who can come in when a
country is in dire difficulty. But there is another issue that is dogging him around here and it is in a
way personified by the ever-present, Sir Richard Branson, boss of Virgin. He’s been following the
prime minister on his tour and insisting at every turn that there are no secret negotiations going on
between the two of them when it comes to the sale of Northern Rock. This is what the prime minister
himself had to say about that today.
“I can reassure people entirely that any negotiations about Northern Rock will be taking place
in London. If a number of commercial companies are expressing interest in the future of Northern
Rock, then it is right that the government explore all options available to us.”
But as I said the prime minister is gonna be talking about the United Nations and other matters
tomorrow when he’s here in Delhi, but his heart and mind are gonna be very much back in London
where the Chancellor will be making a very important statement about Northern Rock. The prime
minister wants people to think that he’s no longer on the back foot on Northern Rock, he’s taken a
grip of the situation and that he is not bailing out whoever buys Northern Rock. Will it look like that?
Will it sound like that? Will people think that the government is actually making a sweetener for
Richard Branson or whoever buys Northern Rock? That will be the key moment tomorrow. Gordon
Brown will be watching from a distance here in Delhi.
Text 2 Yale’s President Welcoming President Hu Jingtao
Mr. President, it is my pleasure to extend a warm welcome to you and Ms. Liu on behalf of our
entire community. We are deeply honored that you have chosen to visit Yale.
Your country has an ancient tradition of reverence for education, and your actions affirm this
tradition. During the past decade, you have made massive investments in your universities,
strengthening the most excellent of those institutions while broadening access to higher education
from less than 5% to more than 15% of your college-age population. Your nation’s focus on
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全国翻译硕士专业学位(MTI)系列教材
education has contributed substantially your historically unprecedented success in lifting more than
200 million of your citizens out of poverty in the past quarter century. We admire these
achievements, and, like most Americans, we are hopeful that the development of your economy will
be accompanied by continued expansion of the rule of law and strengthening of the rights of
individuals.
These past two summers, Yale has been privileged to host presidents and vice presidents from
14 of your leading universities for an intensive two-day seminar on the policies and practices of the
world’s most respected institutions. Our conversations have acknowledged deep differences on
important questions of values and national policy. But we hold the common belief that only through
education can one acquire the capacity to think creatively and independently, and thus contribute to
scientific and material progress as well as to the humanistic and artistic expression that enriches
society. We also agree on the power of personal encounter to deepen mutual understanding among
those who start from different traditions, norms, and values. Our experience mirrors that of
thousands of US and Chinese scientists and scholars and tens of thousands of students whose
interactions with one another can be a foundation for a lasting peace between our nations.
Yale is proud of its extensive collaborations with China. Scholars from our faculty of arts and
sciences and faculty from nearly all of our professional schools are currently engaged in more than
80 research and educational collaborations with Chinese counterparts. In addition to our seminar for
university leaders we are currently involved in training programs for your environmental officials,
mayors, senior executives of state enterprises, and senior governmental leaders. We are collaborating
with Fudan and Peking Universities on major scientific research programs, and with your alma mater
Tsinghua University on both cultural and environmental projects. Our China Law Center, directed by
Professor Paul Gewirtz who helped to orchestrate the Rule of Law Initiative launched by President
Jiang Zemin and President Bill Clinton, is deeply engaged with your courts, your law schools, your
administrative agencies, and the National People’s Congress —helping to advance legal reform and
the rule of law.
Our American students are eager to learn about China. They learn from study: Enrollment in
our first-year Chinese language courses increased by more than 50% this year, and each time
Professor Jonathan Spence offers his course in Modern Chinese History over 300 students enroll.
And our students learn from encounter: from getting to know the more than 600 Chinese students
and scholars currently in residence here at Yale, who teach us even as they pursue their own studies.
We look forward to your address, Mr. President. By your presence today, you honor the long
association between Yale and China, and you honor the place of the university in both Chinese and
American society. We are deeply grateful, Mr. President.
Text 3 New York Mayor’s Opening Remarks at the Committee of 100 Conference
Anyway, some of you have come from very far away. So welcome to New York. One thing I
would ask you to do while you are here is to spend a lot of money, because we need the tax revenues.
Even though we do not have to pay for an Olympics that is coming here, which we wish we had to
do, but we did not work out that way. I just want to on behalf of the 8.3 million people in this city to
welcome you.
The Committee of 100 should be complimented for everything they do and it’s really an honor
for me that you ask me to come, because it’s only two decades this organization has become an
important voice for the Chinese communities in America and really it focuses on promoting
understanding between the US and China, and encouraging Asian and American leaders of today and
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tomorrow. And we are proud that some of these leaders are living and working right here in New
York. You see their influence in every area of life, from Wall Street to our city council, from the
concert halls, museums to the city’s skyline. I, um…right now, my company just move into the
building designed by a Brazilian architect, but before that we lived in the building designed by a
Chinese architect. And it was a great building but we eventually outgrow it. But we have one of my
former landlords here, Ronnie Chan from Hong Kong. Oh, I told Henry Crumb that Ronnie
overcharged us every year I can tell.
Anyway, one in ten New Yorkers can trace their ancestry to Asia or to the pacific island, it
really just tells you how diverse our city is. When I came here years ago, I was determined to make
sure that I had a chance to raise my kids in the city that really was international and was the kind of
the city that was going to survive in the 21st century. We are doing everything we can to make sure
that New York remains the beacon to people around the world who want to have the opportunity to
be in control of their destiny, take care of their families and we are building, for example, record
number of schools here. We are building affordable housing in this city for 500,000 people. Five
hundred thousand people is more than lived in Atlantic, Georgia. We have our public school system
of 1.1 million kids. That’s more people than live in Detroit, Michigan. So the city is very big, and
it’s … and the scale keeps growing. We are going to add more people in this decade than live in
Pittsburgh. But the thing that perhaps tells you the most about New York city and differentiates it
from other cities clearly—cities like Beijing, equally large in size. But that’s the diversity of New
York that really is unique. The parents of our public school kids speak 170 different languages,
which just tells you that, you know, when somebody says write a letter home to your Chinese
parents, it’s not so easy to write that letter. Some of those 170 languages do not have a written
dialect with them. But we … the immigration here is the city’s greatest strength. Other places find
immigrants threatening and don’t realize, don’t think they get a great deal of value. In New York
City, if immigrants stop coming here, this city would die. And in fact it’s great strength from
Pilgrim days or Dutch days when it was formed until now, it’s always been that every year we
welcome hundreds of thousands of people to this city, who want to come and live here. And last
year, we have 44 million people from around the world who came here as tourists. So New York
continues to grow and our economy continues to grow, because our unemployment rate is at a
record low. Our murder rate is at a record low, crime rate record low. But the good news is our life
expectancy is at a modern-day high. And our education system has a graduation rate at high school
of record high. There are a lot of good things going on in this city and a lot of it is because people
come from Asia Pacific region to help us.
So I just want to welcome everybody. You can just rest assured that the Chinese communities in
this city are doing well. Business is thriving. They are having families and the kids are going to
public schools for the 1st time and long time and really getting a good education. We are doing the
right things, perhaps no better time than the year of Pig, some say it’s the “Golden Year” for us to
celebrate the friendship that has gone on for a long time. And since 9-11, this city really has
recovered and I just want all of you tonight, when you think about it before you go to bed and turn
out the lights. Those people living in New York, I think, are the luckiest people in the world. We are
not taking anything away from those living elsewhere, but New York is really something that you
need and we are proud of it.
And thank you to the Committee of 100, it’s really a distinguished organization with a great
mission. You are doing a wonderful job. So enjoy the lunch and enjoy the conference and we see you
and perhaps you invite me back next year. Come. Good-bye! Thank you.//
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Text 4 Gordon Brown’s Remarks at the Israel-Britain Press Conference
Can I say what a privilege it is for me to be here with President Peres this morning, to be here
with my wife Sarah, to be here with such an important delegation of British business leaders and I
am delighted that they have all managed to come to Israel this weekend as we build even stronger
relationships between our two countries over future years.
I have admired the work that you have done over many years. I was brought up on the history
of Israel, I know of the immense contribution you have made to the history of this country in the
many roles that you have played over the last few decades, and it is a pleasure for me to be able to
invite you to come to visit the United Kingdom later this year in your capacity as President of Israel.
And I hope that we can begin planning this visit very soon. That visit will build even stronger
relationships between our two countries, trading relationships, commercial relationships, artistic and
cultural relationships and educational relationships, and over the next two days I believe that we will
be able to sign new agreements between our two countries that will strengthen both the trade and the
cultural links that bind our two countries very closely together.
I am very pleased to be here also because President Peres and I have talked in some detail about
what contribution we, from Britain, can make to the peace process. And we want to work with you
on that vision and we want to work with the other countries so that we can make a reality not just of
peace in this region, but a reality of prosperity.
Winston Churchill, one of our prime ministers, used to say that those who built the present
purely in the image of the past will miss out entirely on the challenges of the future. And you have
shown at all times a vision of the future, about how people can cooperate together, on how
economics can bind people together, that I believe is a compelling one that commands increasing
support in this region.
So from this business delegation that you have welcomed today, to the political leaders in our
country, we want to work with you and we want to work with your country so that we can build a
prosperous and peaceful Middle East in the years to come.
三、对话口译
Text 5 突尼斯大使穆罕默德·萨赫比·巴斯里先生专访
Journalist: We are so pleased to be here today. As we know, in land size or population, Tunisia
is comparatively small. But when it comes to tourism, Tunisia is really a developed and prosperous
country. We wonder what makes Tunisia so attractive. //
大使先生：首先，我们来看一下突尼斯独特的地理位置，它坐落于阿尔及利亚和利比亚
之间的地中海北非海岸，是一个融合了多元文化的国度。突尼斯有 1,200 公里的海岸线，美丽
的海滩，同时也有着 3,000 多年的历史和文化遗产。//
Journalist: We believe that the development of tourism industry has everything to do with the
efforts Tunisian government has made. //
大使先生：当然了。在任何一个国家，如果你要选择一个可以提供实质性经济增长的行
业，那么首选就是旅游业。一个旅游目的地有五大支柱。第一个是安全。突尼斯享有长久的
安全和稳定，而且在媒体如此发达的今天，你也几乎听不到来突尼斯的游客发生过什么意外。
第二，我们有清洁的环境。当然接下来还需要提供完善的设施: 马路、高速公路、还有海路和
空路等其他交通方式。同时我们还有完善的健康保障体系和银行系统。我们为外国友人提供
了这些设施，而这保证了我国经济的长久发展。除此之外，在突尼斯，每个人至少都能说三
门语言：阿拉伯语、法语和英语，因为我国实行义务教育制度。通过发展旅游业，人们有更
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多的机会和外国人交流，变得更加开放和友好。//
Journalist: We know the Tunisian government has attached great importance to promoting
tourism relation with China. For example, the Tourism Minister of Tunisia visited China in 2005.
But it seems that there are still not so many Chinese tourists there. What do you think is the main
reason for that? //
大使先生：现在我们每年接待 450 万名游客，来自罗马尼亚、西班牙、法国、意大利、
日本和其他国家。或许现在大多数中国人选择像美国或欧洲这样的地方作为旅游目的地，但
一旦他们对突尼斯有了进一步的了解，比如我们美丽的海滩和餐馆，我们有信心可以吸引数
百万计的中国游客，而这也是我们大使馆一直努力的方向。你刚刚提到的旅游部长访华就是
一个很好的起点。两国人民都为本国文化感到自豪，我们需要实现共享和交流。所以两国的
旅游关系发展只是一个时间问题。//
Journalist: Are there any special tourist facilities prepared for Chinese in Tunisia?//
大使先生：我们正在努力为中国游客提供完善的设施，让他们宾至如归。现在我们做的
比萨饼可以和意大利媲美，这要归功于我们与世界的交流。中国 13 亿的人口提供了很好的发
展空间。我知道很多中国朋友喜欢购物，而突尼斯在北非地区得天独厚，是欧洲的自由贸易
区，这意味着同样的世界名牌产品，在突尼斯买要便宜得多。事实上，现在我们把了解历史
的中国知识分子以及商人作为我们的目标客户，我们有历史博物馆，而且可以提供优质的四
星或五星级酒店服务。//
Journalist: For Chinese investors, what kinds of business opportunities will Tunisia
provide？//
大使先生：我刚刚讲过，突尼斯位于地中海中部，这给我们提供了很多机会。独特的地理位
置赋予我们独特的优势，我们希望帮助中国人寻找更多的合作机会，因为我们比中国更了解
非洲。突尼斯政府也非常重视互访活动。接下来的三周内，我们会有很多突尼斯官员带领贸
易代表团来到这里了解中国市场。我也想借此机会感谢中国政府对我们的双边合作所作出的
积极回应。//
四、篇章口译
Text 6
2007 年中欧信息通信高科技峰会欢迎辞
（Franck Nazikian，ChinICT 总裁）
尊敬的来宾、女士们、先生们：
我非常荣幸的欢迎您参加 ChinICT2007，成为我们这个大家庭的一员。
这是第二次在中国举办这样的盛会，不仅有中国的，还有来自欧洲的许多最具潜力的 ICT
公司聚集在此展示他们的才华。
无论您是一位投资家、记者、首席执行官、杰出的官员还是一位经验丰富的企业家，我
相信，你们都能够在这次会议中发展卓有成效的关系。
在本次会议中有世界级水平的发言，有最具创新性的公司，有多轮互动讨论，您也将从
会议中获得有价值的信息，帮助您抓住新的商业机会。
鉴于本年度选择出来的高质量的公司，以及我们在这次多元文化活动的组织中从中国和
欧洲的赞助商、合作伙伴中收到的积极回应，我相信这次会议将会获得圆满成功，为中国和
欧洲之间的 ICT 创新合作建立一个良好的平台！
在 ChinICT2007 的顶尖创新者和合作伙伴的面前，正呈现出一个无限广阔的成功未来，
我期待着这样的成功到来！
谢谢大家！
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Text 7 Welcoming Address at the “Colorful Yunnan” International Forum on Biodiversity
Conservation by Mr. Gu Zhaoxi, Vice Governor of the People’s Government of Yunnan
Province
Dear Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,
Good morning! Today, the “Colorful Yunnan” International Forum on Biodiversity
Conservation, co-sponsored by the State Environmental Protection Administration of China and the
People’s Government of Yunnan Province is formally commenced. It’s a pleasure for me, on behalf
of People’s Government of Yunnan Province, to extend a warm welcome to all guests present here
today.
Yunnan is one of the places enjoying the richest biodiversity. Presently, there are 192 nature
reserves already set up in Yunnan, the protected area accounts for 8.5% of the total land area,
contributing to world biodiversity conservation.
In order to achieve sound and sustainable economic development and social progress in Yunnan,
the “Initiative to Protect Colorful Yunnan” has been launched and implemented in an all-round way
in the province, for the purpose of promoting a harmonious co-existence for human and nature, and a
well-coordinated development between socio-economy and environment.
The opening of the forum will exert very positive and important influence on promotion of
international cooperation, sustainable utilization and conservation on biodiversity. Let’s join our
hands, admire the nature, protect our environment, promote our culture, and carry on the history!
At last, on behalf of the People’s Government of Yunnan Province, please allow me to extend
our sincere appreciation to SEPA and all institutes, organizations, and people from home and abroad
who care and support environmental protection in Yunnan.
I wish today’s forum a great success!
I wish all guests good health, successful career and all the best!
Thank you very much!
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第二单元
从语音听辨到语流听辨
口译主题：礼仪祝辞
二、技能训练
Text 1
“The Questions That Matter”－Freshman Assembly Address to the Class of 2011 in
Yale University
Members of the class of 2011, I am truly delighted to join Dean Salovey in welcoming you to
Yale College. And I want to extend a warm welcome also to the parents, relatives, and friends who
have accompanied you here. To parents especially, I want to say thank you for entrusting your very
talented and promising children to us. We are delighted to have them with us, and we pledge to do
our best to provide them with abundant opportunities to learn and thrive in the four years ahead.
Three weeks ago, as you were beginning to prepare yourselves for your journey to New Haven,
I spent a very pleasant weekend reading a new book by one of our distinguished Sterling Professors,
the former Dean of the Yale Law School, Anthony Kronman, who now teaches humanities courses
in Yale College. I had one of those experiences that I hope you have time and again during your four
years here. I was disappointed to finish reading the book. It was so beautifully written, so closely
reasoned, and so utterly transparent in its exposition and its logic. I was disappointed because I
wanted the pleasure of my reading to go on and on, through the lovely summer afternoon and into
the evening.
Professor Kronman’s book, Education’s End, is at once an affirmation of the essential values of
the humanities in undergraduate education and a critique of the humanities curriculum as it has
evolved over the past 40 years. Professor Kronman begins with a presumption that a college
education should be about more than acquainting yourself with a body of knowledge and preparing
yourself for a vocation. This presumption is widely shared. Many who have thought deeply about
higher education—including legions of university presidents starting most eloquently with Yale’s
Jeremiah Day in 1828—go on to argue that a university education should develop in you what
President Day called the “discipline of the mind”—the capacity to think clearly and independently,
this classical formulation of the rationale for liberal education. He argues that undergraduate
education should also encourage you to wrestle with the deepest questions concerning lived
experience: What constitutes a good life? What kind of life do you want to lead? What values do you
hope to live by? What kind of community or society do you want to live in? How should you
reconcile the claims of family and community with your individual desires? In short, Professor
Kronman asserts that an important component of your undergraduate experience should be seeking
answers to the questions that matter: questions about what has meaning in life.
The four years ahead offer you a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to pursue your intellectual
interests wherever they may lead, and, wherever they may lead, you will find something to reflect
upon that is pertinent to your quest for meaning in life. It is true that your professors are unlikely to
give you the answers to questions about what you should value and how you should live. We leave
the answers up to you. But I want to make very clear that we encourage you to ask the questions, and,
in seeking the answers, to use the extraordinary resources of this place—a brilliant and learned
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faculty, library and museum resources that are the equal of any campus anywhere, and curious and
diverse classmates who will accompany you in your quest.
Because of their subject matter, the humanities disciplines do have a special role in inspiring
you to consider how you should live. But I also want to suggest to each of you that questions that
bear on the shaping of your life will arise in whatever subjects you choose to study. You will find
that virtually every discipline will provide you with a different perspective on questions of value and
lead you to fresh insights that will illuminate your personal quest.
Your philosophy professors, for example, aren’t likely to teach you the meaning of life, but they
will train you to reason more rigorously and to discern more readily what constitutes a logically
consistent argument and what does not. And they will lead you through texts that wrestle directly
with the deepest questions of how to live, from Plato and Aristotle to Kant and Nietzsche and
beyond.
Your professors of literature, music, and art history will not tell you how to live, but they will
teach you to read, listen, and see closely, with a keener appreciation for the artistry that makes
literature, music, and visual art sublime representations of human emotions, values, and ideas. And
they will lead you through great works that present many different models of how, and how not, to
lead a good life.
In your effort to think through how you wish to live and what values matter most to you, you
will find that challenging questions arise not only in the humanities. Long ago, I taught introductory
economics in Yale College. I always began by telling my students that the course would change their
lives. I still believe this. Why? Because economics will open you to an entirely new and different
way of understanding how the world works. Economics won’t prescribe for you how society should
be organized, or the extent to which individual freedom should be subordinated to collective ends, or
how the fruits of human labor should be distributed at home and around the world. But
understanding the logic of markets will give you a new way to think about these questions, and,
because life is lived within society and not in abstraction from it, economics will help you to think
about what constitutes a good life.
Your biology and chemistry professors will not tell you how to live, but the discoveries made in
these fields over the last century have already extended human life by 25 years in the United States.
As the secrets of the human genome are unlocked and the mechanisms of disease uncovered, life
expectancy may well increase by another decade or two. You may want to ponder how a longer life
span might alter your thinking about how to live, how to balance family and career, and how society
should best be organized to realize the full potential of greater human longevity.
Finally, it is at the core of the physical sciences that one finds some of the deepest and most
fundamental questions relating to the meaning of human experience. How was the physical universe
created? How long will it endure? And what is the place of humanity in the order of the universe?
For the next four years, each of you has the freedom to shape your life and prepare for shaping
the world around you. You will learn much about yourself and your capacity to contribute to the
world not only from your courses, but also from the many friends you make and the rich array of
extracurricular activities available to you. Your courses will give you the tools to ask and answer the
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questions that matter most, and your friendships and activities will give you the opportunity to test
and refine your values through experience.
Let me warn you that daily life in Yale College is so intense that it may sometimes feel as if
you do not have time to stop and think. But, in truth, you have four years—free from the pressures of
career and family obligations that you will encounter later — four years to reflect deeply on the life
you wish to lead and the values you wish to live by. Take the time for this pursuit. It may prove to be
the most important and enduring accomplishment of your Yale education. Thank you and welcome
to Yale College.
Text 2 Christmas Speech by Queen Elizabeth II in 2005
The day after my last Christmas message was broadcast, the world experienced one of the worst
natural disasters ever recorded. The devastating tsunami struck countries around the Indian Ocean
causing death and destruction on an unprecedented scale. This was followed by a number of vicious
hurricanes across the Caribbean and the inundation of the city of New Orleans.
Then in the autumn came the massive earthquake in Pakistan and India. This series of dreadful
events has brought loss and suffering to so many people and their families and friends—not only in
the countries directly affected, but here in Britain and throughout the Commonwealth.
As if these disasters were not bad enough, I have sometimes thought that humanity seemed to
have turned on itself—with wars, civil disturbances and acts of brutal terrorism. In this country
many people's lives were totally changed by the London bombings in July.
This Christmas my thoughts are especially with those everywhere who are grieving the loss of
loved ones during what for so many has been such a terrible year. These natural and human tragedies
provided the headline news; they also provoked a quite remarkable humanitarian response. People of
compassion all over the world responded with immediate practical and financial help.
There may be an instinct in all of us to help those in distress, but in many cases I believe this
has been inspired by religious faith. Christianity is not the only religion to teach its followers to help
others and to treat your neighbour as you would want to be treated yourself. It has been clear that in
the course of this year relief workers and financial support have come from members of every faith
and from every corner of the world. There is no doubt that the process of rebuilding these
communities is far from over and there will be fresh calls on our commitment to help in the future.
Certainly the need for selflessness and generosity in the face of hardship is nothing new. The
veterans of the Second World War whom we honoured last summer can tell us how so often, in
moments of greatest trial, those around them seemed able to draw on some inner strength to find
courage and compassion. We see this today in the way that young men and women are calmly
serving our country around the world often in great danger.
This last year has reminded us that this world is not always an easy or a safe place to live in, but
it is the only place we have. I believe also that it has shown us all how our faith－whatever our
religion—can inspire us to work together in friendship and peace for the sake of our own and future
generations.
For Christians this festival of Christmas is the time to remember the birth of the one we call
“the Prince of Peace” and our source of “light and life” in both good times and bad. It is not always
easy to accept his teaching, but I have no doubt that the New Year will be all the better if we do but
try. I hope you will all have a very happy Christmas this year and that you go into the New Year with
renewed hope and confidence.
9
Text 3
George Bush’s Christmas Speech 2005
Good morning. On this Christmas day, as families across the nation gather in our homes to
celebrate, Laura and I extend to all Americans our best wishes for the holidays. We hope this
Christmas is a time of joy and peace for each of you, and we hope it offers you a chance for rest and
reflection as you look forward to the new year ahead.
The Christmas season fills our hearts with gratitude for the many blessings in our lives. And
with those blessings comes a responsibility to reach out to others. Many of our fellow Americans
still suffer from the effects of illness or poverty, others fight cruel addictions, or cope with division
in their families, or grieve the loss of a loved one.
Christmastime reminds each of us that we have a duty to our fellow citizens, that we are called
to love our neighbor just as we would like to be loved ourselves. By volunteering our time and
talents where they are needed most, we help heal the sick, comfort those who suffer, and bring hope
to those who despair, one heart and one soul at a time.
The times we live in have brought many challenges to our country. And at such times, the story
of Christmas brings special comfort and confidence. For 2000 years, Christmas has proclaimed a
message of hope: the patient hope of men and women across centuries who listened to the words of
prophets and lived in joyful expectation, the hope of Mary who welcomed God's plan with great
faith, and the hope of Wise Men who set out on a long journey, guided only by a promise traced in
the stars.
Christmas reminds us that the grandest purposes of God can be found in the humblest places,
and it gives us hope that all the love and gifts that come to us in this life are the signs and symbols of
an even greater love and gift that came on a holy night.
Thank you for listening, and Merry Christmas.
Text 4
Tony Blair’s Address to Queen Elizabeth’s 80s birthday
Mr. Speaker, sir. I beg to move a humble Address be presented to Her Majesty to offer the
cordial congratulations of this House on the occasion of Her Majesty’s eightieth birthday, and to
express our appreciation of Her Majesty's unfailing devotion to the duties of State, the Nation and
the Commonwealth, and our warmest good wishes for her long continuing health and happiness.
And that the said Address be presented to Her Majesty by such Members of the House as are of
Her Majesty’s most Honourable Privy Council or of Her Majesty’s Household.
Mr. Speaker, sir. This week we celebrate the 80th birthday of one of the most respected people
of our times, whose sense of duty and service has had a profound impact on our country, the
Commonwealth and the world.
Years before the premature death of her father and her succession to the throne, the then
Princess Elizabeth publicly dedicated her life to the service of her nation, but declared that she
would need the support of the country to ensure that she could fulfil this promise. She has, as we
know, carried out this pledge through all the changes, both in her life and in this country, with
extraordinary grace and dedication, and her people, here and across the Commonwealth, who share
in the celebration of her 80th birthday this year, have responded, as she hoped that they would, with
10
their affection and support.
In a world which has been transformed in her lifetime, she has been a truly remarkable source
of constancy and of strength. Our country has faced tremendous trials, witnessed the horrors of the
World War II and celebrated some extraordinary triumphs in her 80 years. Throughout, as part of the
royal family and as the Queen, she has been a reassuring and unifying presence for her people.
She has also responded to a world which has become more interdependent than ever by
travelling extensively. In all, the Queen has undertaken over 256 official overseas visits to 129
different countries. I should also say Mr. Speaker, her Majesty shows no sign of slowing down. She
has just undertaken what is her 14th tour of Australia, including the official opening of the
Commonwealth games in Melbourne. She attends literally hundreds of public engagements every
year and is an active patron of over 600 charities and organisations. There is simply no aspect of our
national life of which she does not have both an interest and a deep understanding.
Her Prime Ministers have better reason than most to know and appreciate her knowledge and
experience. I am the tenth Prime Minister to serve her. Like each of my predecessors, I am
profoundly grateful for her wise counsel. She has superb judgment, an intuitive empathy with people
and, above all, an unshakeable and profound sense of duty. It is this sense of duty which motivates
her and defines her reign and, since it communicates itself unobtrusively but none the less obviously
to her subjects, brings her, I believe, the love of the people of this country.
It is difficult in this day and age for the monarchy to balance the natural demands for
accessibility and openness with the dignity and majesty of the monarch, but it is a balance that I
believe she has struck with immense skill.
So I know that I speak for the whole House and, indeed, a grateful nation when I convey to Her
Majesty the Queen our best wishes on her 80th birthday and say, “Long may she reign over us.”
三、对话口译
Text 5
中国的商业礼仪
CNN 记者：李先生，你好！很高兴见到你。谢谢你教我中国的商业礼仪。
Mr. Li: Not at all.
CNN 记者：我想问一下，我现在的着装适合商业场合吗？
Mr. Li: Absolutely perfect for Chinese business meeting: conservative color, long skirt.
CNN 记者：那就好。我们现在开始上课吧。这是我的名片。
Mr. Li: OK. This is my business card. Notice how I present it to you with the English side
facing you.
CNN 记者：哦，那我也必须跟着做。这是我的名片。
Mr. Li: Oh, wonderful. You get yourself a Chinese name. Notice how I spend a little bit of time
paying attention to detail of the card as a sign of respect.
CNN 记者：有时商业会议结束前会进行礼物交换。这里有一些 CNN 牌子的礼物，用于
礼物交换合适吗？
Mr. Li: Er, some of them like the iPod might be too expensive; it could carry a bribery
undertone. And the other side might feel uncomfortable, because he would have to reciprocate with
something of equal value.
CNN 记者：那这张图片光盘合适吗？
Mr. Li: That is a perfect gift; it can introduce your company, your city or your country.
11
CNN 记者：好的，这堂课结束了，不过我们的礼仪学习晚餐时还要继续。
Mr. Li: Ok, I’ll see you then.
CNN 记者：在中国，宴席对于建立商业关系有多重要呢？
Mr. Li: It is a cultural way. Chinese people regard eating as one of the most important things in
their lives as they say “eating is as important as the sky”.
CNN 记者：原来如此。这碟菜是炒牛蛙，可能有些外国商人会不喜欢。如果来中国做客，
主人上这道菜，可是你不想吃，怎么办呢？
Mr. Li: I would just say something nice and politely decline it.
CNN 记者：餐桌上还有鱼，鱼朝着我这个方向摆放，这是什么意思呢？
Mr. Li: That means you would have to drink a glass of white liquor because the head of the fish
is pointing toward you. That’s a custom from the North.
CNN 记者：既然是习俗，我就得喝，谢谢。对了，这些白酒度数很高，客人如果不喜欢，
可以拒绝吗？
Mr. Li: Yes, but the host would naturally prefer that you join him in drinking it.
CNN 记者：好，那我就和主人一起祝酒？
Mr. Li: That’s right.
CNN 记者：好的，谢谢李先生给我们上了精彩的一课。
Mr. Li: You’re welcome.
四、篇章口译
1. 英译汉译文
Text 6
雅克 • 罗格先生在北京奥运会开幕式上的致辞
中华人民共和国主席先生，刘淇先生，奥组委的成员们，亲爱的中国朋友们，亲爱的运动员
们：
长久以来，中国一直梦想着打开国门，邀请世界各地的运动员来北京参加奥运会。今晚，
梦想变成了现实，祝贺北京！你们选择“同一个世界，同一个梦想”作为本届奥运会的主题，
今晚就是这个主题的体现。我们处在同一个世界，所以我们像你们一样，为四川的地震灾难
而深感悲恸。中国人民的伟大勇气和团结精神使我们备受感动。我们拥有同一个梦想，所以
希望本届奥运会带给你们快乐、希望和自豪。
各位运动员，我们的创始人皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦是因为你们而创立了现代奥林匹克运动
会。奥运会属于你们。让奥运会成为运动员的盛会。享受快乐吧！请大家牢记，奥运会不仅
仅意味着比赛成绩。奥运会还是和平的聚会。204 个国家和地区奥委会相聚于此，跨越了民族、
性别、宗教以及政治制度的界限。请大家本着奥林匹克的价值和精神，即卓越、友谊和尊重，
投身于比赛。
亲爱的运动员们，请记住，你们是世界青年的楷模，请拒绝兴奋剂，向作弊说不。你们
的成就和表现应该让我们感到骄傲。当我们把奥林匹克梦想变成现实之时，我们要诚挚地感
谢北京奥组委，感谢他们不辞劳苦的工作。我们还要特别感谢成千上万、无私奉献的志愿者
们，没有他们，这一切都不可能实现。北京，你是今天的主人，也是通往明天的大门。感谢
你！
现在，我荣幸地邀请中华人民共和国主席先生宣布第 29 届现代奥林匹克运动会开幕。
12
2. 汉译英译文
Text 7
Premier Wen Jiabao’s Speech at the Welcome Ceremony Hosted by Australian Prime
Minister John Howard, 2006
(Excerpt)
The Honorable John Howard, Prime Minister of Australia, the Honorable Kim Beazely, Ladies and
Gentlemen, Dear Friends,
It is a great pleasure for me to be with you today and to meet with all the Australian friends
present. May I begin by expressing our heartfelt thanks to you, Prime Minister John Howard, for
your gracious hospitality. I would also like to take this opportunity to send our best wishes to the
Australian people. I visited Australia in 1995, which left me a memorable impression. Coming back
after 11 years, I have once again personally experienced the goodwill of the Australian people
toward the Chinese people. In particular, I am deeply impressed by their growing interest in China. I
think that people are paying greater attention to China because of the tremendous changes that are
taking place in my country, made possible by the reform and opening-up program.
Ladies and gentlemen, dear friends, peace and development are the common pursuit of mankind,
and the building of a harmonious world is the shared desire of all peoples. To achieve amity among
people, harmony between man and nature and peaceful coexistence of countries requires the
common effort of the international community. We are prepared to continue to work with the
international community and Australia to build a harmonious world of enduring peace and
prosperity.
Australia is endowed with rich resources and has a developed economy and advanced
technologies, whereas China has a large population, a huge market and tremendous potential for
development. Our economies are highly complementary. There are no fundamental differences
standing in the way of China-Australia relations. Rather, we enjoy extensive converging interests. A
long-term and stable relationship and cooperation between China and Australia serve the
fundamental interests of both countries and peoples. The Chinese side views its relationship with
Australia from a strategic perspective and wishes to become a good friend and good partner of
Australia.
Prime Minister John Howard and I have had fruitful discussions today and we have reached
broad agreement on developing China-Australia relationship of all-round cooperation for mutual
benefit and win-win outcome in the 21st century. We both agreed to strengthen bilateral political
exchanges and strategic dialogue to enhance mutual trust. We are committed to expanding
cooperation in trade, investment, energy and resources and other fields and accelerating the
China-Australia FTA negotiations for mutual benefit and common progress. We will promote
cultural, educational and tourism exchanges to enhance understanding and friendship between our
peoples. And we will work together to promote sound and orderly development of regional
cooperation in the interest of prosperity and stability in the Asia-Pacific region. I am firm in the
belief that, with the concerted efforts of both countries, China-Australia relations of all-round
cooperation will yield rich fruits!
Now I wish to propose a toast, to the health of Prime Minister John Howard, to the friendship
between China and Australia and between our peoples, and to the lofty cause of world peace and
development! Cheers!
13
第三单元
从听词到听意
口译主题：文化交流
二、技能训练
Text 1
Worldwide Poll Finds Most Reject Clash of Civilizations Outlook
A violent clash between the west and the Islamic world is not inevitable.
That is the view of the majority of those surveyed by the BBC.
The research, carried out by pollsters from GlobeScan, examined the views of around 28,000
people in 27 countries around the world.
Those who felt that common ground could be found between the west and the Islamic world
outnumbered those who felt that a clash was inevitable by a two-to-one margin.
While 29 percent responded that religious and cultural differences lie at the heart of current
tensions, many more, 52 percent, believe that political power and political interests stand as the most
important root causes.
GlobeScan president Doug Miller says, that means most people want, and would back their
political leaders to find practical solutions, based upon the values shared by all communities.
“I think it is clear that more moderate leaders have the support, and on both sides, [and that]
likely peacemakers are going to come to the fore.”
In Lebanon, for instance, nearly four-out-of-five questioned said east-west political motivations
were to blame, however more than two-thirds said they believed that common ground could be
found between the west and the Islamic world.
On a worldwide basis, 51 percent of those identified as Christians said that political conflict
was creating tensions, while 55 percent of Muslims felt that way.
And as a whole, 58 percent of those questioned said intolerant minorities were to blame.
Tom Rivers, for VOA News, London.
Text 2
French Protest Against English Language
Leading the charge of the French language brigade in its latest skirmish was French MP Jacques
Miyar.
Unusually for a man of the right, the troops following him into battle are trade unionists and
language pressure groups, united in a new French resistance.
The enemy is the English language. It's colonised French screens, infiltrated French music and
now it's conquering the French workplace—in e-mails, or “le mail” and “sur le web” on “l’internet”
and even on “les news”. All this has to stop, says Mr. Miyar.
JACQUES MIYAR
“I think this is very dangerous because you know French language is the spirit of France. It will
be a big mistake that those enterprises who want to make business in France impose their own
cultural way. We French have been imperialists long before them, you know, and we know how it
works. So I do believe that it is now time to react and say ‘stop your nonsense, respect people, learn
French, learn German, learn Chinese and Arabic as well as English’ ”.
The French did legislate against English on the radio but it keeps creeping back by other routes.
Seven percent of French firms use it as their main language, while multi-nationals send e-mails to
their French workers in English, regardless of whether they understand them or not. All this is
14
clearly a huge blow to French pride, although nobody here is willing to admit defeat even as 'les
business' and 'les managers' continue to help the enemy’s advance.
Text 3
Prince Charles Awarded Outstanding Leadership in Interfaith Cooperation
Ladies and Gentlemen,
I’m delighted to join you, even if only in this symbolic forum, as you launch the 1st
West-Islamic dialogue annual report. I am only so sorry not to be with you, but I do hope you would
forgive my absence. But I’m particularly pleased to have this opportunity to say how flattered and
honoured I was to receive crystal award for outstanding leadership in Interfaith cooperation.
Now I hear they say that and I do know how important the annual meeting of the world
economic forum is, as an occasion to bring together so many eminent people, to discuss the pressing,
political and business issues of our time. And therefore I greatly admire Professor Chiraff, Lord
Caries and Princesses Laura’s initiative to ensure that the vital issue of regular and constructive
dialogue between the West and the Islamic world is high on the agenda. I suspect that few of the
subjects that you discussed could be more important, apart, perhaps, from the ever more urging
challenge of dealing with the threat of climate change.
Muslims and Christians make up over a half of the world’s population and without
understanding of harmony between them, there cannot be lasting peace in the world. I said as long
ago as 1993, on a visit to the Oxford’s Centre of Islamic studies, in which I am a patron, that I
believe whole-heartedly the links between these two worlds matter more today than ever before,
because the degree of misunderstanding between Islamic and the Western world remains
dangerously high and because the need to deliver the two working together in our increasingly
interdependent world has never been greater. Now my view has not changed during the past 15 years
or so.
However, I remain convinced that the challenges can be overcome and I reject any suggestion
that there is some inevitable and unavoidable clash of civilizations. I was, for example most
encouraged by the recent open letter and call for the Muslim religious leaders. It made the point with
great clarity, I think, that the bases for mutual peace and harmony already exists in the founding
principles of shared by the great Abrahamic faith or Judaism Christianity or Islam. This comes not
only from the unity of the love of one God, but also from the common injunction to love your
neighbor. The Bible says “you should love your neighbor as yourself” and the Quran “None of you
has faith until you love for your neighbor what you love for yourself”. As the great poet, Rumi said,
whose 800th anniversary we celebrate this year, “the lamps are different, but the light is the same”.
And it is not of course just the great Abrahamic faith that gives us a shared sense of stewardship and
justice.
Whatever our particular faith or world view, we all share so many common values. Compassion
and tolerance, commitment to truth and the sanity of human life, respect for family and community,
and belief in justice and the desirability of peace. And I believe deeply that there is far far more to
unite than divide all people’s good wills. I also believe deeply that what should unite above all is the
crucial battle to preserve a fully functioning planet, to pass onto our successors, rather than battling
against each other. Surely our shared values of stewardship of God’s life threaten creation should be
enough to heal the damaging rift between us. Yet, the challenge to overcome misunderstanding and
intolerance is real and pressing, embracing as it does, every level of our societies and reaching across
generations. It would need hard practical work on a scale commensurate to the challenge to resolve
this issue. All those attending the world economic forum, politicians, faith leaders, and business men
15
and women, have the capacity to shape the world. I very much hope based on the insights and
encouragements which the discussion of the West and Islamic dialogue first annual report will
provide, that you would be inspired and determined to take the practical steps which are needed to
promote greater harmony and understanding.
It is important of course to remember that we are not all the same, but we share within our
traditions, a sense of universal truth, and divine revelation, a timeless wisdom which can enable us to
contemplate our place within creation, and also to draw us together, in order to bridge the chasms of
extremism in all its forms. Such bridges need to be built on a rediscovery of the symbolic heart,
which lies at the centre of our traditions so that we can transcend the dire bollix influences that so
fracture our sense of healing. As I said earlier, ladies and gentlemen, I’m delighted and honoured to
be given the crystal award for outstanding leadership in Interfaith cooperation. And I wish you all
every possible success in developing and enhancing regular and constructive dialogue between the
West and the Islamic world.
Text 4
Arnold Schwarzenegger’s Speech at Tsinghua University
(Excerpt)
And today I want to talk to you a little bit about the dreams, about the dreams of your future,
and dreams for this country. I want to talk to you a little bit about dreams, because it seems to me
that I’m somewhat of an expert in dreams, because I had a lot of my dreams become a reality. So let
me just briefly tell you my story, and tell you a little bit about how I started with my career. I think
that this story kind of relates a little bit also to you, and also to China.
I started way back as a weightlifter. I always liked the idea of lifting weights and being a
bodybuilder. From the first moment when I gripped a barbell and held it around the bar and lifted the
steel up over my head, I felt this exhilaration, and I knew then that this is something that I’m going
to do, that I was in love with that, and this is going to be something that I’m going to do. I’m going
to pursue the sport of weightlifting and bodybuilding. Now, I remember the first real workout that I
had. It was…eight miles away from my home village in Austria there was a gymnasium, and I rode
to that gymnasium with a bicycle. And there I trained for half an hour, because they said that after
half an hour you should stop because otherwise your body will get really sore. But after half an hour
I looked at my body, and nothing had happened. So I said, “I’d better work out for another half
hour.” So I lifted some more. My strength didn’t improve, I didn’t see the muscles pop out or
anything like that, so I trained for another half an hour. And then after another half hour I trained
another half hour, and all together I trained two and a half hours.
Well, let me tell you something. After two and a half hours, I left the gymnasium—even though
they told me that I shouldn’t train that much or I would get really sore—I rode my bicycle home.
And after the first mile I got numb, and I couldn’t feel anymore the handle of the bicycle, and I fell
off the bike and I fell into the ditch on the side of the road. So I got up again and I tried it again.
Another few yards, I fell off the bicycle again. And I tried it three, four more times, and I just
couldn’t ride my bicycle because my body was so numb and my legs felt like noodles. Well, let me
tell you something. The next morning when I got up, my body was so sore that I couldn’t even lift
my arms to comb my hair. I had to have my mother comb my hair, and you know how embarrassing
that is. But you know something? I learned a very important lesson, that pain means progress. Pain is
progress. Each time my muscles were sore from a workout I knew that they were growing and they
were getting stronger.
I think there is a real life lesson in that. After two or three years of discipline and determination
16
and working out hard, I actually changed my body, and I changed my strength. And that told me
something; that if I could change my body that much, and if I could change the strength of my body
that much, then I could also change anything else. I could change my habits, I could change my
intelligence, I could change my attitude, my mind, my future, my life. And this is exactly what I
have done. I think that that lesson applies to people, and it also applies to countries. You can change,
China can change, everyone in the world can change.
My parents, of course, I have to tell you, didn’t understand my dreams at all. They were always
wondering, they said, “What is he doing? When are you going to get a job, a real job? When are you
going to make money?” And all of those questions I got. And they said, “I hope we didn’t raise a
bum, someone that doesn’t make money and just wants to live in a gymnasium and think about their
bodies.” Well, I endured all of this negative thinking, and the more negative the thinking got, and the
more negative the questions got, the stronger and the more positive I became, the stronger I became
inside.
So of course some of your families maybe think the same way, and this is why I’m mentioning
that. Some of your families maybe don’t believe in your dreams. But let me tell you something, my
young friends. Keep your dreams. No matter what, keep your dreams. Don’t give up on them, even
when you are temporarily defeated or denied. Keep your dreams. I remember the first time I went to
the United States and I was competing in a competition, the World Championships in Bodybuilding.
I lost. I came in second, and I was devastated. I was crushed. I felt like a loser, a major loser, let me
tell you. I cried, as a matter of fact, because I felt like I disappointed my friends and I disappointed
myself. But the next day I got my act together, I shifted gears, and I said, “I’m going to learn from
that lesson. I’m going to stay here in America. I’m not going to go back to Europe. I’m going to stay
in America and I’m going to train with the American champions, I’m going to train the American
way. I’m going to eat the American food; I’m going to train with the American machines and the
principles. And a year later, in America, I became the World Champion in Bodybuilding. So I think
this is a very, very important lesson.
And from then on, I continued. My career took off, and every thing that I wanted to do I
accomplished. First it was to become a champion in bodybuilding. Later on I became a movie star, to
do all the great movies, the Conan movies and the Terminator movies and all this. Then I became the
governor of the great state of California, of the sixth largest economy in the world. All of this
happened because of my dreams, even though other people told me that those dreams were bogus
and they were crazy, but I held onto my dreams.
And people would always say, no matter what, even in bodybuilding they said I would never
make it. And later on in the movies, in Hollywood they said I would not make it. They said, “You
will never make it. You have a German accent. No one in Hollywood has ever made it with a
German accent. Yeah, maybe you can play some Nazi roles or something like that, but you cannot
become a leading star with an accent. Plus your body, you’re overdeveloped, you have all these
muscles. They did Hercules movies 20 years ago, that’s outdated. Now it’s Woody Allen. Woody
Allen is in, his body is in.” And those were the messages. “And Al Pacino, the skinny guy, he is in.
But not your body, it’s too big. And your name, Schwarzenegger, it will never fit on a movie poster.
Forget it. Forget it, you will never make it. Go back to bodybuilding.”
Well, the rest is history. After Terminator 3, I became the highest paid movie star in Hollywood.
And let me tell you something, it continued on. Even when I ran for governor people said, “Arnold,
you will never make it. You will never become governor of California. What do you know about
government?” Well, the fact is, I knew exactly as much about government as the rest of the people
knew in California, which is that government is out of touch, and it’s out of sync with the people,
17
and it needed a shakeup. So I didn’t listen to all those people that said I would never make it. I
continued campaigning, I listened to my dreams, and the rest also is history. I became governor.
So always it just carried me on, those dreams. So bodybuilding gave me the confidence, movies
gave me the money, and pubic service and being a governor gave me a purpose larger than myself.
And that is the brief story of my dreams and a brief story of my early life, and how my dreams made
me successful. A person, of course, should not be stingy with their dreams. So I, of course, don’t just
think and dream about myself, but I also have dreams for you, and dreams for China. So let me just
talk a little bit about that. China’s economy has become an engine of human progress, lifting millions
of people out of poverty. This is a moral and economic good for China and for the rest of the world. I
often read that China’s economy is likely to become the largest in the world over the next 50 years,
and I think this is terrific. This does not mean, of course, that America will get poorer; it just means
that China will get richer, and the United States will benefit from China’s progress as much as the
U.S. benefited from the rise of Western Europe after World War II.
Some in my country fear that China’s research and development will overtake America’s, but I
believe that America and the world will benefit from China’s scientific and technological advances. I
think we will benefit from that. If China makes advances in stem cell research, the rest of the world
will benefit from that. If China discovers an energy breakthrough, this is good for the rest of the
world, such as the benefit of a free market.
Some fear that China will buy up American companies, but that fear also existed in the 80s,
when America feared that Japan was going to buy up American companies. So what? It was just
good, and to the benefit of America. We should welcome China’s investment in American companies,
just as we welcome the billions of dollars that China has invested in U.S. treasury bonds. This shows
that China has faith in America, and American investment in China shows that we have faith in you.
So I believe that China and U.S. economic relations will become even closer in the years ahead.
Certainly I realize that we do not agree on everything, but who does? Certainly I realize that China
has major hurdles to overcome, but it is not for me to say how China should overcome those hurdles
and achieve its dreams.
信息框架填空
I. Personal stories and dreams
a. Trained hard to be a weightlifter
Lesson learned: Pain is progress
b. Parents’ failure to understand my dream
c. Loss in the bodybuilding competition led to stay and be trained in US
d. Success in weightlifting; movie industry and politics
Lesson learned: believe in dreams and strive for them
II.
His view about China
a. China’s success benefits America in science and technology
b. No need to fear China’s rise
三、对话口译
Text 5
麦当娜访谈
18
背景：两年前，麦当娜从非洲国家马拉维领养了一个小孩，成为头条新闻。从那之后，
她成为代表该国一百多万名儿童的声音。
麦当娜：他们的处境影响了我，所以在某种程度上，与他们产生联系也使我自己在帮助
他们的同时，踏上了拯救自我之旅。
Journalist: And hearing about their suffering? Something opened to you?
麦当娜：是的。我从小就没有母亲。我有地方住，有东西吃，有学上，可我仍觉得世界
快要崩溃；这些孩子丧失了双亲，没有地方住，没东西吃，这对于他们来说，是多么的可怕
和吓人啊！
Journalist: You know, I wonder how this revelation came to you?
麦当娜：我觉得有了小孩和家庭迫使你去考虑自己身边的人，我是说其实你没有选择，
我想自己是到了人生的某个阶段。我拥有这么多，而如果我不用这些东西去改变世界，那将
是一个悲剧。我知道这样听起来很傻，很俗，像陈词滥调，但不管怎么样，这是事实。我感
谢和理解那些对我表示怀疑的人。没关系，我接受这种事实。
Journalist: Why do you appreciate that people can be cynical?
麦当娜：因为在我们生活的社会，人们很自然地会去怀疑一些利他和慷慨的行为。
Journalist: Or maybe they might be suspicious because they might think, well, you know,
Madonna changes all the time, is this simply another fad, de jour, a trend, or just a new, is this
something that is really core to Madonna.
麦当娜：我的再创造是我成长的一部分，也教会我许多东西。这里面一定是有真实的方
面。一个人如果明白领养一个小孩是多么的复杂，他就不会说这是心血来潮，这样太苛刻了，
太伤人了。
Journalist: It’s been hard then to adopt David.
麦当娜：我们还没有获得完全的领养权，不过应该下个月就可以了。所以，过去一年半，
我一直是个养母。每六周就有社工来拜访我，他们走进我的屋子，确保我是一个好母亲，而
且现在大卫正茁壮成长，他会问你很多隐私的问题，你必须要学会忍受。而且我已经采集了
大约 20 次指纹了，并且进行了心理评估。我想每个人要收养都必须经历所有这些，我也不例
外。不过我还会再尝试一次。
Journalist: You would?
麦当娜：是啊。
Journalist: Why?
麦当娜：因为大卫非常不错，因为他给我们的生活带来其他很多欢乐，所以我的领养是
值得的。我想大多数人为了自己的所爱，都愿意付出。
Journalist: And now at this point in your life, it seems you’re opening, to some part of you, it's
softening, something that is looking for wisdom, usefulness.
麦当娜：是啊，感谢上帝。
（为什么感谢上帝呢？）嗯，感谢上帝，因为我在寻找智慧和
意义。嗯，每个人都希望能够到达生命中的这个阶段，只是时间问题而已。
Journalist: Do you wish that you could just be anonymous?
麦当娜：不。
（不是？）我是说，有时会想过，但我还是我，我不想成为别人。
Journalist: What is it that you want to feel about your life?
麦当娜：使我的灵魂获取真谛。我会竭尽所能去达到这个目标。
四、篇章口译
1. 英译汉译文
19
Text 6
比尔·盖茨 2007 年清华大学演讲
尊敬的顾校长，清华大学的老师、同学们：
获颁清华大学这所世界一流大学的荣誉博士学位，让我深感荣幸。清华是一所有着 96 年
历史的名校，这里诞生了很多杰出的科学家、商业和政治领袖。
我上一次造访贵校是在 1997 年，也就是十年以前。当时，贵校学生的才华、热情和创造
性给我留下了很深的印象。之后，我决定在中国设立微软研究院。该研究院取得了惊人的成
功，为公司作出了巨大的贡献。事实上，在各种有关前沿问题的顶级国际会议上，他们都正
作出着巨大的贡献。在科学领域，也包括计算机科学，从未如此迅猛发展；在各个领域改善
人们生活水平的机遇从未如此强大；所以身为贵校的学生是件激动人心的事。
我们才刚刚开始接触到数字革命的神奇。全世界约有十亿的个人计算机用户连接互联网，
我们已经开始改变人们对通过互联网学习和分享信息的看法。我们可以做更多的事情，例如，
今天的电视还是被动的，处于非互动状态，但在未来，你可以从因特网下载你想看的节目，
可以进行互动学习，还灵活到通过电视与人交流、互动，共同经历一些活动。
在通过数字技术学习方面，事实上，世界上的所有知识通过互联网，用一种很有趣的方
式，使学生无需课本就能实现更有效的学习。老师可以看到世界各地的优秀教案，他们可以
看到最好的素材，并第一时间与他人分享交流，对其他想学习或想当老师的人同样重要。那
将是种完完全全不一样的境界。
中国正处在快速发展的时期，其经济发展对本国，乃至对世界都作出越来越大的贡献。
微软公司承诺与这里的合作伙伴共同研发，帮助他们获得成功。
我们还要确保所有人受益于数字技术的进步：帮助工人、移民或残疾人，例如盲人用电
脑，我们把这些特殊的程序放在一起，设计出来的软件不仅仅惠及少数人，而且真正地帮到
所有人。
这是个长期合作的承诺，是中国政府、清华大学和微软公司未来共同的承诺。过去几年
里，来自亚洲 100 所大学的超过 2000 名学生曾在微软亚洲研究院实习，并有 200 人获得研究
资助，这真是该地区最优秀人才云集的地方。
我希望大家都能像我一样乐观，乐观于软件给我们带来的有意思的突破。现在正处于瞬
息万变的时代，无论中国如何发展，无论像微软这样的公司如何发展，我们对于中国市场的
专注都是长期的。让我们携手努力，发挥出我们应有的潜能！谢谢大家!
2. 汉译英译文
Text 7
President Hu Jintao’s Speech at Yale University
Respected President Richard Levin, Dear Teachers and Students, Ladies and Gentlemen,
Let me begin by thanking you, Mr. Levin, for your kind invitation and the opportunity to come
to Yale to meet young friends and teachers of this world-renowned university. Coming to the Yale
campus, with its distinctive academic flavor, and looking at the eager young faces in the audience, I
cannot but recall my great experience studying at Tsinghua University in Beijing 40 years ago.
Indeed, what happens during one's school year will influence his whole life. I still benefit greatly
from the instruction and my interaction with other students.
Yale is renowned for its long history, unique way of teaching and excellence in academic
pursuit. If time could go back several decades, I would really like to be a student of Yale just like
you.
China and the United States are both countries of vast territory where many ethnic groups
coexist and different cultures intermingle. Both our two peoples are hard-working and talented. Due
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to different historical backgrounds and national conditions, there are differences between China and
the United States. But this enables us to learn from each other and draw on each other's strengths.
Closer China-U.S. cooperation serves the fundamental interests of our two countries and peoples and
is also of far-reaching significance for peace and development of the whole world.
Vast as it is, the Pacific Ocean has not stood in the way of exchanges and cooperation between
our two peoples over the past two hundred years, and many moving episodes of mutual learning and
mutual help between our two peoples who represent different civilizations have been recorded. In the
27 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1979, China-U.S. relations have
maintained steady momentum of growth despite twists and turns on the way, bringing tremendous
benefits to both countries and peoples.
Entering the 21st century, the world has continued to undergo profound changes. Peace and
development remain the calling of our times. On the other hand, factors causing instability and
uncertainty are increasing and new challenges and threats are looming. Against this backdrop, the
common interests between our two countries are increasing and the areas of our cooperation
widening.
I am confident that based on the status quo of the China-US relationship, our relations will
move ahead in a healthy and steady manner, and contribute to the well-being of our two peoples and
bring greater hope to people around the world.
As an old Chinese saying goes: “As in the Yangtze River where the waves behind drive on
those before, so a new generation always excels the last one.” Young people represent the hope and
future of the world. They are full of vitality, new ideas and creativity. I sincerely hope that the young
people in China and the United States will join hands and work to enhance friendship between our
two peoples, and, together with people of other countries, create a better world for all.
Thank you!
第四单元、意群切分
口译主题：旅游
二、技能训练
Text 1 “Quality Travel—Your Choice”
－Hong Kong Financial Secretary Mr. Henry Tang Speaks at the Tourism Forum 2007
Chairman Shao, Distinguished Guests and Speakers, Ladies and Gentlemen,
Good morning. On behalf of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,
I would like to offer my warmest congratulations and welcome to this forum and for all of
S
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O
our guests from overseas and the Mainland of China. This Tourism Forum 2007 is a major event
S
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C
organised by the tourism sector to celebrate the 10th Anniversary of the establishment of the Hong
Kong Special Administrative Region.
I am delighted to see so many of you, especially all of you from the Mainland and from
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SV C
overseas, to have taken the time to travel to Hong Kong and to attend the Tourism Forum this
morning. We have a good mix of both executives and front-line practitioners from a wide range of
S V
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tourism related industries, both locally and internationally, including airlines, hoteliers, travel agents,
retailers, restaurant operators, government representatives and tourism marketing bodies. With our
theme “Quality Travel—Your Choice”, this forum represents a precious opportunity for
S V
O
all of us to share our valuable experience and learn from each other how we may further enhance the
quality of our tourism industry.
Tourism has always been and will continue to be an important part of our economy. Last year,
S
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C
we received a record-breaking 25 million visitors. Together they contributed nearly HK$120
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O
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billion to our economy.
The SAR Government <has> invested about HK$30 billion (US$3.8 billion) in tourism
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projects in the past few years in order to enrich our visitors’ experience. And together with our
private sector, we will continue to invest in tourism infrastructure in the years to come. These
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C
S
include our new flagship projects like a new cruise terminal and the redevelopment of Ocean
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Park which we are all very excited to see, as well as a chain of enhancement projects in local
districts. The total amount of investment reaches well over HK$10 billion.
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Hong Kong is renowned as a shopping and dining paradise. Our Quality Tourism Services
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C
(QTS) Scheme, operated by the Hong Kong Tourism Board, aims to provide our visitors with
S
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information on shops and restaurants that offer quality service. Indeed, participants of this scheme
S
has (have) grown from about 1,000 retail and dining outlets in April, 2000, to more than 6,400
V
outlets today. They are very easily recognisable by their large “Q” on the front. So visit shops with
V O
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C
S
“Q” and service quality is guaranteed.
V C
To stay ahead in the global competition, not only do we need new tourist attractions <and>
S V
O
effective promotions, but we must also deliver professional, first-class and value-for-money
O
S
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service. Tourism is a people’s business—I am sure you all know extremely well—so we must not
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SV C
S
underestimate the importance of word of mouth. We must continue to be vigilant in maintaining
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the best quality of service and in protecting our consumer rights. The key is to enhance tourists’
S V
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access to information and provide our tourists with an effective complaint handling mechanism.
To this end, the Hong Kong Consumer Council receives and investigates complaints from
S
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tourists, and gives advice to them on smart consumption. Our law enforcement agencies also take
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O
S
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swift enforcement actions against isolated cases of fraud. I am glad that Hong Kong enjoys a good
O
SV C
reputation of providing quality tourism service. According to visitors’ satisfaction surveys conducted
by the Hong Kong Tourism Board in 2006, about 80% of visitors rated the hospitality
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and services of our front-line staff in the retail sector as above average.
O
This Forum offers an international platform for members of the industry to exchange views
S
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O
on quality tourism and services affecting tourism development in this region. In addition to the
keynote speech by Chairman Shao which we are all looking forward to, the Forum will cover two
S
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key areas including infrastructure and software development in supporting quality travel and a
O
case study on service quality of the mainland outbound travel. With the quality input from our
distinguished speakers from across the region, I believe this exchange of ideas and experiences
S V
will further enhance our understanding of the issues and challenges that we are facing and what
action is required to enhance the travel experience of our visitors.
I wish… I’d like to wish all the participants a stimulating and rewarding experience this
SV
O
C
Morning. And to our distinguished speakers and guests from overseas, may I wish you a very
S V O
pleasant and fruitful stay in Hong Kong. And do put a dent in your credit card. Our economy will
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S
thank you. Thank you very much.
V O
Text 2 “Sustainable Management of Tourism Destinations”
－Vice-President of the European Commission Speaks at European Tourism Forum Algarve,
October 26, 2007
(Excerpt)
Ministers,/ Honourable Guests/, Ladies and Gentlemen,/
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It is a great pleasure for me/ to be again/ at a European Tourism Forum/, since it has become a
true reference/ for tourism stakeholders in Europe.
Indeed, the Forum is an excellent opportunity for us/ to meet/ and exchange views/, to establish
partnerships/ to share good experiences/ and learn from each other/. It is also a wonderful source of
inspiration/ for policy-makers to get the “feeling”/ of what we could do better to help tourism thrive/.
It is finally an occasion/ to raise the visibility of tourism as a major economic and social
development factor for Europe/ and its regions. I am sure/ that the presence of international
journalists/ and the decision to have the Forum works broadcasted on the Internet that I warmly
welcome/ will help to give tourism the public attention it deserves/.
Discussing the development of tourism/ is pleasant/, but certainly not an easy task/. I think you
will all agree/ that tourism is an important sign of the European way of life/ and welfare and equally
an important economic activity/ with a significant potential to generate sustainable growth and
employment/. Already today/ tourism indirectly generates more than 10% of the European Union’s
Gross Domestic Product and provides about 12% of all jobs/. Well that is an economic sector and
labour market/ worth caring about/.
I am convinced that in the future/ tourism will be one of the key drivers of our international
competitiveness/. Just think that currently only about/ 2 percent of the Chinese population travel
abroad. My prediction is/ that as this percentage increases, and it will increase/, the economic
opportunities will be tremendous/. And we will not be alone to reap them/. We must be prepared to
face the challenge/. I see this as one of the crucial elements of the European Union economic
strategy for the future/—of our Lisbon Strategy/ for growth and jobs/.
In this context we are very lucky/—Europe can build on comparative advantages/ which make
it in itself/ a very attractive tourism destination/. We have a unique historical heritage/, an
incomparable geographical concentration of attractive places/ and indeed a long-standing reputation
for high quality services/. We must build on these assets/ when designing the European tourism
product of the future/.
How should such a product look like?/ You might be surprised/, but not so much different from
how I see a European manufacturing product of the future:/ a product that embraces innovation/ to
respond best to consumers’ needs/, a product that meets the highest quality standards/, and a product
that is as environment friendly as it can possibly be/. A product/ that is a brand of our European
values/.
I have shared this vision with European industries at many occasions/. I have also launched
policies/ which aim at creating an environment in which it is possible to make this vision happen/. I
am now pleased to have the opportunity to also share this vision with you/, representatives of the
tourism industry and policy makers/.
Let me be clear/, only our strive for excellence and nothing else/ will guarantee our
competitiveness in the future/. Europe will always be more expensive than most of the other
destinations in the world/. It is an economic logic/ which we should not try to challenge/. What we
should do is to aim at providing value for money/. Our destinations must simply be the best/, the
most attractive/, able to offer a product which will convince both Europeans and non Europeans to
spend holidays in Europe/ and to become repeaters/. And you all know that as transport costs
diminish/, this competition in today’s world is getting tougher and tougher/.
That is why/, building on our tourism policy framework adopted last year/ we launched a few
days ago a new “Agenda for a sustainable and competitive European tourism”/. That is also why this
year’s Forum is under the spotlight of sustainability and competitiveness/. Let me repeat/: By
integrating sustainability concerns into their activities/, tourism stakeholders will protect the
24
competitive advantages that make Europe today the most attractive tourist destination in the world/.
Let me therefore briefly summarise the core elements of our policy/.
First of all/, we are policy drivers and we wish to support and strengthen the efforts of all
involved in tourism/. The concrete challenges and priorities can differ for the various European
destinations and change over time/. But the “Agenda” provides tourism stakeholders with our vision/
of what should be the common principles and objectives for tourism in Europe/.
The achievement of the ultimate objective requires a coherent action from everyone/—the
different levels of government, the businesses, and even the tourists themselves/ can stimulate/,
support/ and influence tourism/. They all have a role to play/.
First/, policy makers in a sustainable management of destinations/. This requires/ an efficient
structure/ where partnership/ and effective leadership are facilitated/. It covers instruments, such as
spatial and land use planning and decisions/, such as investments for the provision of infrastructure
and services/. Sustainable management can be beneficial especially for new or emerging destinations,
and I am thinking about the 12 Member States/ which joined the European Union lately: the speed of
evolution in their destinations should not lead them to an uncontrolled development/, but to bringing
new products into the market/.
Second/, Europe needs that businesses fully integrate sustainability concerns in their way of
thinking and acting/. This is what I would call responsible entrepreneurship/. I insist upon conveying
this view to the many medium/ and even more small and micro enterprises of the whole tourism
spectrum/. There is also a role to be played here by the relevant intermediaries/—the business
support services and associations/.
And finally/ we all have a role to play as consumers/. With each and every decision of the kind
of product we buy and of the kind of behaviour we adopt/ we have an impact/. We should help
Europeans to be informed/ and see the value of innovation for the sustainability in the European
tourism industry/. An informed consumer may be less inclined to go for the cheapest solution/.
We count on your experience and your responsibilities/ to build a structured and regular
cooperation at the levels where you mostly operate/—be it the destination/, regional/, national/,
European or international one/. We expect you to share knowledge by communicating the results you
achieve on the way/, in order to build a stronger bridge/ between the creation of knowledge, its
dissemination/ and the implementation of sustainable and competitive practices/.
Now, let me turn to our own contribution/.
Through the large number of policy fields that it covers/, the Commission is a major contributor
to the creation of conditions that influence and sometimes decide/ on whether industry will be able to
grow, to invest, to make profits and to create jobs/.
We have already made clear in our tourism policy that we do not intend to impose new
regulations/ or seek to replace your efforts at national and regional level/. Our objective is to support
your own efforts/ with a value added action at EU level/.
In this context, I was very pleased to see/ that the new reform Treaty of Lisbon last week/
values the importance that tourism has for Europe and gives the European Union more possibilities
to help/. Once we will be able to better support, coordinate or supplement your actions with the basic
objective to promote the competitiveness of European tourism undertakings/. This is one of the
reasons why I would like to invite you/ to speak out for this Treaty which we need for Europe/. You
are best placed to explain citizens/ the added value/ it would have for tourism.
This Tourism Forum already provides a platform/ where all tourism stakeholders can exchange
views and strengthen their collaboration/ on the issues of sustainability and competitiveness of
European tourism/. We will continue to support local and regional actor’s engagement/ through
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networks between different types of destinations/. I know that some regions are invited/ to meet next
November in Florence in the framework of an event called Euromeeting/. We hope that such
initiatives will be multiplied/.
We will also seek to further drive the attention of those actors who create knowledge/, such as
universities/, research institutes/, public and private observatories/, to the challenges for European
tourism and facilitate their cooperation/. I also invite International Organisations to contribute to this
process/.
Promoting tourism destinations/ is the second field of our action/.
The pilot project “European Destinations of Excellence”/ already helps to enhance visibility of
all European tourist destinations/ and to create awareness of Europe’s tourism diversity and quality/.
We have invited all Member States/ to select a destination which has been particularly excellent/ in
promoting a tourism offer/. The first pilot project with the theme “rural tourism”/ has been
successfully brought to an end/. And I am happy to have the patronage at the first award ceremony/
which will take place right after this plenary session/. I am glad that the second edition of the awards
has attracted even more countries/ and I sincerely hope that we will be able to establish the project
on a permanent basis/.
The third important field of our action/ will be to mobilise the EU financial instruments/. We
will work to facilitate/ the spreading of knowledge on how the existing EU financial instruments
have been and can be used to this end/ by the different tourism stakeholders/. The opportunities at
European level/ are already there to be seized/. We were particularly encouraged by the inclusion of
sustainable tourism in all three objectives/ of the European Regional Development Fund/. This
shows that the Commission and the Member-States to share the same goals/.
I would also like to express my gratitude to the European Parliament for its support/. Without
this /we would not have been able to launch the project of the destinations of excellence/. We need
this continued support to look into the issue how to best promote Europe/ as the world’s leading
destination/.
Last but not least/, the Commission will continue to mainstream sustainability and
competitiveness/ in Commission policies/.
Several existing European policies and actions can have a strong influence on tourism/ and can
make an important contribution in tackling the challenges we face/. Policies such as environment/,
transport/, employment or research/ come to my mind.
In doing so/ we also need to take into account the specific characteristics of different
territories/.
Ladies and Gentlemen/, The European Tourism Agenda is ambitious/. However/, I assure you/
that we stand by our commitments/ and I expect this Forum to help us to enrich our ideas and
actions/ and to foster closer ties/ amongst public and private stakeholders/.
Thank you very much for your attention.
Text 3
UNWTO Representative Speaks at the World Leisure Congress
Thank you very much Jerol. Mr. Mayor, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen. I am
delighted to bring to this opening ceremony in this beautiful city, the greetings and support of
UNWTO, the United Nation’s specialized agency committed to tourism, travel and the millennium
development goals and to share with you, our perspective on tourism’s positive role in our common
global future, driven by evolving dynamic social, ethical and sustainable behavior. This world
exposition in congress offers particularly timely opportunity to show the emerging link between
26
leisure and responsible enjoyment, which is embodied in UNWTO’s global code of ethnical tourism.
That is leisure which leaves a positive impact on visitors, on host communities and on the ecosystem
it impacts.
And there are 3 reasons for this.
The first is because the world is increasingly recognizing the tourism business and leisure travel
is making a major contribution to socio-economic improvement generally and to the war on poverty
specifically. It is the biggest industry in the world. It is more than 30% of global services trade. It is
growing faster than GDP and it will double its impact over the next decade and a half despite the
obvious challenges of man-made and natural disasters, despite the increasing price of fuel, despite
increasing security demands and despite massive infrastructure and capital needs. Responsibly and
sustainably managed, tourism can significantly improve the lives of billions of people and leisure is
the largest fastest growing segment of this booming market. Holiday tourism, ecotourism, adventure
tourism, sports and recreational tourism, health and religious tourism, all of this is indicative of a
changing global life style with easier access, freer time and more disposable income. And Mr. Mayor,
you are very wise to plan your future around this dynamic industry.
The second reason is because China so embodies the spirit, the potential and the realization of
the tourism paradigm. In less than two decades, under the balanced drive of the socialist market
economy, China has become the forth largest tourism export market in the world and its own track to
become the largest market in the next two decades and with its rapidly expanding middle class, this
is destined to become the largest two-way market in the world. Leisure will be the key component,
leisure to explore the incredible 5000-year-old traditions, leisure to enjoy the wide ranges of
recreations and sports which will be focused by the Beijing Olympics, leisure to experience the
myriad of cultures in China, leisure to taste the diverse culinary designs, leisure to experience the
incredible scenic and natural beauty. Significantly these leisure experiences are progressively
opening to a massive domestic market as the mayor observed as well as to a booming international
one. In this way, China can use tourism to respond to its own poverty imperatives as well as help
other states to develop their tourism exports to response of this. Again all against the backdrop of the
need for responsible and sustainable consumption and production practices.
And the third and final reason that it is particularly important that you open this congress on
this day. It is the UN system <that> is launching a global effort today to acknowledge the importance
of the millennium development goals and the war on poverty. And the UN is seeking to create a
world record attempt as standing up for these goals with minisive silence all over the world the next
two days this is happening. UN agencies and the people with whom they interact are observing this
moment in the show of solidarity fall and with the poorest of this planet and in the sign of long term
commitment to systematically eradicate poverty, starting with the millennium development goals of
halving 1990 real poverty levels by 2050. There is no other industry that can do more than tourism to
directly deliver export income to provide wages, to create jobs and to attract investments,
particularly where it engages local partners, links with information technology and community-based
education and teaches quality service with sustainable delivery.
Mr. Mayor, ladies and gentlemen. In recognition of this initiative by the United Nations and
conjunction with the opening of this expo, I’d like to appeal to you in finishing my remarks tonight
to stand with me in one minute of silence in honor of the millennium development goals and to make
this congress an important part of this global initiative, and I would ask you if you will be so kind as
to do so.
信息框架
27
I. The emerging link between leisure and responsible enjoyment
II. Three reasons
Reason 1: Tourism makes contribution to socio-economic improvement and war on proverty.
(1) biggest industry
① accounts for 30% of global service trade
② grows fast on GDP
③ double its impact in 15 years
(2) obvious challenges
① man-made and natural disasters
② increasing prices of fuel
③ increasing security demands
④ massive infrastructure and capital need
(3) impacts: significantly improves life of millions of people
Reason 2: China embodies the spirit, the potential and the realization of the tourism paradigm.
China:
① become the 4th biggest tourist export market in the world
② be on track to become the largest in 20 years
(1) Leisure: the key component to
① explore 5000-year tradition
②enjoy the wide range of recreation and sports
③ experience the culture
④ taste diverse culinary designs
⑤ experience scenic and natural beauty
Reason 3:The right time to launch the present congress.
The functions of tourism:
① to deliver export income
② to provide wages
③ to create jobs
④ to attract investment
⑤ to engage local partners
⑥ to link with information technology and community-based education
⑦ to teach quality service with sustainable delivery
III. Appeal for action
三、对话口译
Text 4
世界旅游及旅行理事会主席让 • 克劳德专访
Journalist: Can you first introduce us to WTTC?
让 • 克劳德先生：世界旅游及旅行理事会（WTTC）是在旅游和旅行领域内最大的非政府
国际性组织。我们实行连锁式组织结构，航空与银行体系紧密相连。
Journalist: As the authority in world travel and tourism community, you have been to China
for many times and know China well. Would you like to share with us about your ideas on the
promise of tourism development in China? And why do we seek development opportunities and
partners in China?
让 • 克劳德先生：我们研究中心的成果表明，中国的旅游业将实现最快的发展。在过去
28
的十年中，中国的旅游业年均增长 10%，这创造了许多就业机会。能以最快最短的方式提供
就业机会，这意味着旅游业能支持中国西部的开发。
旅游业对于整个国家和地方政府来说，都是一项必须经营的业务，因此两者都应该发展
基础设施，提高从业人员的能力，提供良好的商业环境和商机，着重发展旅游业。同时也要
与国际知名的旅游公司建立伙伴关系，他们的成功经验可以促进中国旅游业的发展。未来将
可以创造 13 亿的就业机会，因为这里有 13 亿人口。
Journalist: What’s your suggestion to the development of the private tourism business in China?
And what’s your idea to the work done by Chamber of Tourism?
让 • 克劳德先生：旅游及旅行业一直保持快速的增长态势。过去一年中，世界经历了很多
灾难，造成了经济的停滞。但是，旅游及旅行业从 2003 年 6 月份就开始恢复，这表明了有着
众多私营企业成员的支持，其生命力非常强盛。外国企业希望中国旅游商会能帮助他们建立
一个与中国进行长期广泛合作的框架。所以你们的努力是很重要的，我相信旅游业的发展将
在中国的经济发展中发挥日益重要的作用。
Journalist: Another concern is ecological tourism and cultural tourism, is it suitable for the
national realities of China? If so, how should we do?
让 • 克劳德先生：中国有两个优势。第一，中央政府有意识和管理能力去遏制生态和文化
环境的破坏。第二，中国企业有社会责任意识，可以吸取他国教训，不会照搬“先破坏，后
治理”的老路。而且环境的破坏也已经引起了人们的关注。实际上，旅游及旅行业的发展必
须尊重环境，适应环境。在尊重地方环境及其生活方式的前提下，才能建立地方社会结构。
这个道理很简单。如果你破坏自然、文化和社会结构，这意味着你破坏我们的产品和产出。
保护自然、环境和社会结构是我们不可推卸的责任。
四、篇章口译
1. 英译汉译文
Text 5
香港旅游事务专员卢维思在国际遗产与旅游会议上的演讲
女士们、先生们：
早上好！祝贺在座的各位参会代表。这次会议对于香港旅游署来说是一次契机。七个月
前，我被任命为香港首位旅游事务专员。我们的工作重点就是任命一个旅游战略小组来为旅
游发展设立远景目标和战略。从一开始，我们就认识到遗产与旅游直接的联系。
人们对旅游业表现出的浓厚兴趣和深切关心一直给我留下深刻的印象—不仅仅是旅游业
界，还有社会的方方面面。环保团体一直呼吁加大努力保护环境，建设绿色香港。而对于文
化活动和表演艺术感兴趣的人则强调了在他们的领域所具有的发展潜力。
一个非常清楚明确的信息是：香港在开发自身独特的文化遗产来吸引游客方面，有着更
大的发展空间。这次会议为我们提供了一次很好的机会，利用我们的资源和发展现状，以及
分享其他地区的经验。
在我表达对香港遗产旅游的看法之前，我想简单回顾一下香港的旅游业。
二战后，香港经历了一系列的结构性变化，逐渐发展成为主要依靠服务业的经济体。旅
游业一直在经济发展中占据重要的位置，为香港带来了外汇收入。事实上，旅游业经历了长
期的发展。几十年来，“东方明珠”成为吸引西方游客的目的地。在 20 世纪 70 和 80 年代，
我们享有“购物天堂”的美称。直到 1996 年，香港已经连续十年保持旅游人数年均两位数的
增长。在 1996 年的高峰期，旅游业占 GDP 的 7.6%，以直接或间接的方式为 330,000 香港市
民创造了就业机会。
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1997 年，我们受到了金融风暴的冲击，亚洲经济危机影响了地区旅游。过去两年中，旅
游人数开始反弹。毫无疑问，旅游业将继续在我们的经济中发挥重要的作用。但是，随着许
多发展中国家，包括我们邻近的地区，开始认识到旅游业者推动和保持经济发展的作用，我
们不能再陶醉于自己过去的成功。因此，我们必须加大努力保持和进一步巩固我们在本地区
作为旅游目的地的地位。
接下来我想谈一下香港的旅游业发展战略。香港特别行政区政府已经制定了三方面的战
略来迎接挑战，包括：
* 为来香港的游客提供入境的便利；
* 通过加强旅游产品的开发，提高自身吸引力；
* 把香港建设成一个有吸引力的旅游目的地。
关于游客的入境问题，香港有非常自由的签证制度。170 多个国家的居民可以在香港免签
证停留 7 天到 6 个月。过去两年中，我们也制定了一些制度给来自中国大陆，台湾和俄罗斯
的游客提供便利。
关于旅游产品的开发，我们已经在多个领域提出了一系列倡议，包括休闲旅游、生态旅
游、遗产旅游。这些倡议旨在介绍新旅游景点，以及改善旧景点，注意软件和硬件设施。同
时我必须提到我们在促进服务质量所作出的努力，从而来配合有形旅游景点的改善。谢谢！
2. 汉译英译文
Text 6
About Hong Kong
Hong Kong, described as a “barren rock” over 150 years ago, has become a world-class
financial, trading and business center and, indeed, a great world city.
Hong Kong has no natural resources, except one of the finest deep-water ports in the world. A
hardworking, adaptable and well-educated workforce of about 3.5 million, coupled with
entrepreneurial spirit, is the foundation of Hong Kong’s productivity and creativity.
Hong Kong became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People’s Republic of China
on July 1, 1997, after a century and a half of British administration. Under Hong Kong’s
constitutional document, the Basic Law, the existing economic, legal and social system will be
maintained for 50 years. The SAR enjoys a high degree of autonomy except in defense and foreign
affairs.
Situated at the southeastern tip of China, Hong Kong is ideally positioned at the center of
rapidly developing East Asia. With a total area of 1,103 square kilometers, it covers Hong Kong
Island, the Kowloon peninsula just opposite, and the New Territories the more rural section of Hong
Kong. Hong Kong’s population was about 6.8 million at the end of 2003. The population density is
6,300 people per square kilometer. Hong Kong has a large foreign population and the top three
nationalities come from the Philippines, Indonesia and the USA.
Hong Kong is the world’s famous trading economy, foreign exchange market and banking
center, as well as Asia’s 2nd biggest stock market. Hong Kong is one of the world’s top exporters of
garments, watches and clocks, toys, games, electronic products and certain light industrial products.
Hong Kong was the world’s 10th largest exporter of services in 2003. Civil aviation, shipping, travel
and tourism, trade-related services, and various financial and banking services are the main
components of trade in services. The prices of many services are among the lowest in the world.
Hong Kong is a major international and regional aviation center. Hong Kong International
Airport, one of the busiest in the world, is served by major international airlines, which provide
about 3,900 scheduled passenger services and 615 freight services weekly from Hong Kong to some
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130 cities world-wide.
第五单元
主题信息识别及提取
口译主题：中外教育
二、技能训练
Text 1
Prime Minister Tony Blair’s Broadcast Speech on Education
How well our children do at school is vital, of course, to the youngsters themselves and their
families. A good start at school, a good education, makes a huge difference to children’s chances in
later life.
But the quality of education our children receive also matters to the country as a whole because our future economic success and prosperity depends on it. In this new century, more than
ever before, the raw material that counts is the talent and skills of our people. So to succeed, we need
to make sure that everyone gets the chance to make the most of that potential.
It’s for these reasons that we made education our number one priority. And we have backed that
with record and sustained investment. It is investment which can only be afforded now and in future
years because of the tough decisions taken to bring long-term stability to our economy.
The importance of education to our children and our country is why I was so pleased this week to
hear of the steady progress taking place in our secondary schools. The latest performance tables
highlight the continued and welcome improvements in overall standards. It’s particularly good news
that we have seen better than average improvements in secondary schools in some of our inner-city
areas.
Many inner-city schools now have programmes for bright children, extra staff to cope with
those with problems and more backing to improve discipline. And they show how the policies that
David Blunkett has targeted at those communities with some of the greatest problems are paying off.
But while I’m pleased that Government policies are playing their part in these improvements,
the real hard work has been done by the pupils, parents and, of course, teachers. It’s the thousands of
dedicated teachers, day in day out in classrooms up and down the country, who are making the
difference. And these results show just what can be achieved by committed teachers and their pupils,
supported by effective national strategies and investment.
The results also build on the dramatic improvements we have already seen in our primary
schools. Here the introduction of the numeracy and literacy hours have helped teachers ensure their
pupils have a better grip on the basics. So successful have these dedicated lessons proved - and so
popular have they proved with teachers - that we are now extending them to the early years in
secondary schools. They will particularly help those children who leave primary school without
reaching the standards in reading, writing and maths expected for their age.
Eighty-two million pounds more has been allocated by David Blunkett, whose leadership has
played such a vital role in improving standards, to give secondary teachers the support and the tools
they need to adapt the literacy and numeracy strategies for their pupils. Our secondary schools then
can improve just like our primary schools.
So, pupils, parents and teachers have real reason for pride. But there’s no room for complacency.
We need to keep improving standards. We need to keep working so that the standards in our best
comprehensive schools - like Thomas Telford School in Shropshire where every pupil achieved five
31
or more A to C grades in their GCSE exams last year - become the norm.
We’ve already greatly expanded specialist schools like this. Within four years, nearly 30 per cent of
all secondaries will have a specialism in technology, languages, arts and sports. We need to keep
working so that the progress witnessed in these schools - whose results are improving at 50 per cent
more than the average level - then help drive up standards across all secondaries.
Pupils can’t bring about these improvements on their own. Nor can teachers, parents or the
government. It needs us all to continue working together to deliver the results we want. It’s
important we succeed - for the future of our children and for our country.
Text 2
“Financing of Higher Education”
－Address to the University Presidents’ Forum by the Delegate from Queensland University
Thank you. Well, similar to perhaps everyone else here, I appreciate the invitation from
GDUFS(Guangdong University of Foreign Studies) to those of us who have registered to speak. I
appreciate. That’s a privilege. And I, of course, congratulate GDUFS on their achievements over the
last 40 years. One of the things, well, I’m very happy to be speaking here. It is a bit of challenge for
me to be speaking the eleventh. It is the first time that I’ve spoken at so far down the betting order.
And I can only have some sympathy for Party Secretary Yang Qifeng following me because it’s very
hard to add information or add insight to the many insightful and constructive comments made by
other speakers so far. But I’ll try.
What I’d like very briefly to do is just to try and make some general comments and some, if you
don’t mind, some opinions on where educational policy might go in a lot of countries. You know, I
can’t comment on Germany.
First of all, a lot of governments, particularly, I suppose, almost all of the Western democracies,
but others as well, are facing a general problem that people have spoken about here. That is, how do
you fund a public education system, or effectively a public education system? You know, in the face
of phenomenal growth in participation rates putting incredible pressure on public funding budgets,
but at the same time ensure access by, I guess, socio-economically diversified groups. That is a tough
one.
In my opinion there is a trend that governments have really given up on this despite the fact that
we would like governments to bear the responsibilities of shouldering the debt for undergraduates
and, I guess, postgraduates. It seems, in my opinion, to be politically infeasible. So really where do
governments go?
I do expect that in the longer term an efficient way of going is to provide students with some fee
help but nevertheless charge fees. The fees would have to be substantial to ensure socio-economic
diversity. Targeted scholarships seem to be the way to go. People could correct me here. But I’ve
always been very, I guess, envious of some of the American private universities that charge
exorbitantly high fees and yet when you walk across a campus they have more socio-economic
diversity than the Australian universities that have traditionally not charged fees until recently.
It’s not the way I wish things should be. I just think it’s the way that it is going to go. It’s not an
ideal circumstance to the ethics and values of many of us. However, I think it is inevitable. I also
wish the Rhine water was beer. But it is not.
Given that governments are going to nevertheless try to fund some of tertiary education, there
are a lot of very big questions, I think public policies, that they need to address, perhaps advice to
some extent by the industry. And that’s to what extent should there be cross subsidies between
32
disciplines.
I guess to the share-ground of many of us here, governments who are going this way tend to be
less inclined to fund business programs in particular and also law programs. They are much more
inclined to fund agriculture, bio-technology and so forth. So if you are in the business areas, at least
in Australia, I’m sure it’s the same and elsewhere as well. There is very little effective net
government funding of business programs.
Exactly how should governments help with student fees, which I again with respect feel
inevitable…how should they help with student fees with financing…again I do think that what has
seemed to be politically acceptable and does seem to have worked reasonably well in Australia is the
HECS (Higher Education Contribution Scheme) system, whereby the students are given what’s
effectively an interest-free loan that they pay back through the tax system when they reach a certain
amount of income, in fact 33,000 Australian dollars per year. Then they start paying it back through
the tax system.
Nevertheless, the overall question is really how universities ensure adequate socio-economical
diversity on campus. Well again I think we’ve really got to look at scholarships. There’s got to be a
change in the culture of many countries, (I appreciate that some parts of US do this very well)
whereby there’s got be a lot of royalty of the institutions by their alumni. The alumni have got tosort
of feel that they’re going to pay back to their institutions by helping to provide scholarships for
students who are socio-economically disadvantaged, perhaps from rural areas, perhaps subject to
income test or indigenous people and so forth. And that is a necessity.
Well I’ll just close on a couple of difficulties that we are having in respect of relationships with
China. And I should perhaps say challenges rather than difficulties. Chinese students have been very
much a strong growth market to Australia. In my own faculty, about five years ago, we had about
five mainland Chinese in our programs. We now have five hundred. It’s growing at a very substantial
rate. That has delighted us. But it is coming to the point where we are wondering whether we should
look at the extent to which these students are getting as rich an experience as they should. So
perhaps we need look at things unfortunately such as cutting numbers from particular countries such
as mainland China because we are finding the classes are almost full of Chinese. It might be a good
thing. But I think it’s disappointing. I suspect some Chinese students who are going for a richer
experience in another country and find what are really there. Their classes, like them, are full of
Chinese. I went to Liverpool in England as an international student for a period in the 70s doing a
master’s degree and never met another Australian, which I think was a good thing. Well, I’m sure
opinions differ on this.
Another thing, very quickly, that has happening to us with respect to China is that the
construction cost is going up in Australia. You would think what that could to do with China. But in
actual fact that, it’s not of direct interest to people here but because of the demand of China for steel
and other commodities, the construction cost is going up in the universities as well as in the rest of
the economy. We had about the same building that we put up two years ago. Now it costs 60 percent
more. And that is because of the economic boom that China is experiencing.
I think I’ll leave it there. Again I appreciate the invitation and I’m particularly appreciative of
our new relationship with GDUFS in the way that seems to be working so well in such early days.
Text 3 “Towards a Learning Society”
－Presentation at the University Presidents’ Forum by Prof. Sarah S. C. Hui in 2005
First of all, I’d like to take this opportunity to thank Guangdong University of Foreign Studies
33
to give me this opportunity to share my views with you about making higher education more
accessible to the public. I just want to share some of my views here. The topic is really good,
because to make higher education more accessible to the public, which I would think, that is to make
society to become a learning society.
Traditionally the full-time education is considered to be the only proper way of getting quality
education. This type of formal education is well accepted by all people and studentsand they have
taken this path as their formal way of getting higher education in life. As full-time education is
normally funded by the government which usually has limited resources for education, and so
students have to compete for limited places in universities. And therefore usually there is a
constraint in supply of human resources in the society.
As you know, we now live in a rapidly changing world in terms of technological, economic,
political and social transformation. The overall direction of change is toward an increasingly
knowledge-based society. This change means that the cycle of knowledge-and-skill renewal is
shortening. So as a result, the formal education received during the early part of one’s life is
inadequate to support our career development throughout our working career and beyond. So the
implication of this development is that “lifelong learning” will become a central feature of our lives
and a necessity for everyone to keep up with the escalating pace of change – in the family, at the
workplace, in the community and in the world-wide society.
In order for both individuals and organizations to constantly upgrade themselves with the latest
knowledge and skills so as to adapt, compete and excel in the high competitive and globalized
economy, higher education therefore should be made more accessible to the public.
三、对话口译
Text 4 Visiting the University Town
Mr. Chen: Mr. Johnson, now we have entered the Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center,
also known as the Guangzhou University Town. It is positioned as the first-class higher learning
institution park in the whole nation, the center for advanced talents cultivation, scientific research
and academic exchanges in South China and a new urban area in line with the market economic
system in the 21st century as well as Guangzhou’s position as an internationalized regional center. //
约翰逊：我此次访问广州，在参观几所本地大学的时候，听到了许多关于广州大学城的
情况。陈主任，这地方看上去非常不错。我特别喜欢大学城被珠江环绕。看上去它座落于一
个小岛上面，是吗？//
Mr. Chen: Exactly! The Guangzhou University Town locates on Xiaoguwei Island 20
kilometers south to the center of urban Guangzhou. 3 years ago, Xiaoguwei Island nothing more
than an island in the Pearl River, unknown to the general public of Guangzhou. In March 2001, this
island, together with the 43.3 square kilometers of land on its south bank became the land planned
for the Guangzhou University Town.// Construction started here in October 2003 and only 10 months
later, in August2004, the first stage of the construction project was completed. After the end of
August that year, more than 38,000 students and 4000 teachers moved by groups into their respective
campuses in the University Town and started the new academic year. //
约翰逊：我简直无法相信这座大学城的工程仅仅用了十个月时间！这是又一个极具说服
力的例子，证明了中国的发展速度。你们确实创造了许多奇迹。我就读于英国剑桥大学，我
的母校也被称为“大学城”，但和你们的大学城相比规模小多了。广州大学城共有多少所大学？
34
//
Mr. Chen: The University Town is home to ten major higher learning institutions in
Guangdong Province, namely， Sun Yat-Sen University, South China University of Technology,
Guangzhou University, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, South China
Normal University, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangdong University of Technology,
Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts, Xinghai Conservatory of Music, and Guangdong Pharmaceutical
University. Within the University Town, high degrees of teaching and information resource sharing
can be achieved. //
约翰逊：不错！大学城集中了文科和理科的院校，一定能够创建全面而广泛的教育体系。
这对学生绝对是个好消息。//建设如此大规模的大学城，地方政府一定投入巨大。如果没有政
府的支持，是很难取得如此大的成绩的。//
Mr. Chen: In recent years, it has been a fashion throughout China to build university towns. In
the construction of the Guangzhou University Town, we have not only drawn from others’ successful
experiences,, but also learned from those not so successful examples. The Guangzhou Municipal
Government has made huge investment of up to 32 billion yuan. With such a large investment, 18
square kilometers of construction site in the first stage of the project and over 2,300,000 square
kilometers of campus and urban facilities under construction, the construction of the University
Town is equal to that of a medium size city. //
约翰逊：听起来很不简单！陈主任，我想知道广州市政府为什么决定要建设如此巨大的
工程。您知道，我参观过中山大学、华南理工大学和广东外语外贸大学。这些大学都很大，
而且校园和校舍设计很精良。那为什么地方政府还要做如此大的投入，来兴建大学城呢？//
Mr. Chen: That’s a good question! The main reason for building such a university town is that
higher education in Guangdong Province has achieved great leaps forward in recent years. Since
China’s reform and opening-up, Guangdong has created many miracles in its economic and social
development. However, the province still lags behind in terms of the proportion of university
students in the total population. // Take 2002 as an example, gross enrolment rate of higher learning
institutions was on 15.3% in Guangdong, only 0.3% over the national average and much lower than
25% in Jiangsu Province and 20% in Zhejiang Province. This is certainly not in conformity with
Guangdong’s position as a major economic power in China. // In the past few years, our province has
attached great importance to the development of higher education. In 2003, gross enrolment rate of
higher learning institutions increased to 17.5%. and in 2004, with the completion of the University
Town, this figure was close to 20%, which was set as the goal for Guangdong’s higher education
development plan for 2005. // Higher learning institutions throughout the province admitted 278,000
students, 50,000 more than 2003. To solve the ensuing problems brought about by this sharp increase
of higher education scale, we realized that constructing the University Town is our best option. //
约翰逊：我明白了。我认为你们做出了明智的选择。对任何一个政府而言，直面存在的
问题并且妥善处理，都不是一件容易的事情。广东省政府和广州市政府显然拿出了魄力来解
决高等教育的问题。入学率的提升是非常显著的。我预言广东省不仅将维持其经济强省的地
位，也会在不久的将来成为高等教育大省。//
Mr. Chen: I really appreciate your prediction. However, at present, the University Town still
faces some problems. For example, with the second stage of construction underway, libraries and
sports facilities are mostly lacking. Some dormitories still has irregular Internet connecting services
and even water supplies. The whole University Town seems quite deserted. Since it is 40 minutes’ to
an hour’s bus ride away from downtown Guangzhou, students and teachers find it quite inconvenient
to travel into and out of the University Town. //
约翰逊：陈主任，这不奇怪。如此大规模的工程是非常复杂的。不过，好的开端是成功
35
的一半。我相信在你们的努力下，大学城的进展一定会越来越顺利。//
Mr. Chen: I totally agree with you, Mr. Johnson. We are working hard to solve these problems.
In terms of transportation, we have already started 12 bus lines within the island and 12 bus lines
linking the island with the outside. // The second stage of construction, which involves up to
2,800,000 square meters, was started in early July 2004 and is expected to have been completed by
the end of 2005. At that time, the University Town will further accommodate 140,000 to 150,000
students. The construction projects of stadiums, gymnasiums and cultural facilities of various higher
learning institutions is scheduled to start in early 2005 and complete and the end of the year. //
约翰逊：我刚说过，广东人民创造了许多奇迹。你们还有很多工作要做，我祝你们好运！
四、篇章口译
1. 英译汉译文
Text 5 让高等教育惠及更多民众
（格伦 • 夏弗博士在 2005 大学校长论坛上的发言）
中国大学扩招的速度非常之快。正如方教授提到过的，1998 到 2004 年间，中国的大学新
生数量翻了一番。中国目前有近 20%的高中毕业生进入大学学习。而 1982 年当我来中国的大
学任教时，只有大约 5%的高中生能够读大学。中国大学扩招的主要途径是学校的发展壮大。
广外的成长和发展就是一个很好的例证，十年里，学生数量从 3.000 增长至 16,000。世界上有
多少大学可以达到这个速度，经历如此变革？这是十分了不起的。//
这种全国性的高校扩招有很多原因。中国经济的高速增长需要大量的技术型人才，由于
60 和 70 年代高等教育的停滞，这一需求更加迫切。随着中国第一代独生子女达到了上大学的
年龄，中国社会对于高等教育的需求也在不断增大。中国传统文化向来重视教育，现在更是
如此。随着高等教育的全球化，中国的大学已经准备输出大量的博士和其他毕业生，他们中
的一部分将工作在高学历人才供不应求的国家。//
一些中国人可能会担心部分大学毕业生不能立刻找到工作，其实各国都有这种顾虑。我
认为这并不是毕业生供大于求，而是社会需要更高效的劳动力市场来调剂人才。同时，解决
就业问题还在于年轻人在毕业后是否乐意去偏远地区开始工作。此外，大城市里对于好工作
的竞争已经达到白热化，不是吗？中国还需要更多的受教育人口。中国在过去十年中取得的
一个重要成就就是取消了工作分配制度，并使得为大学毕业生和职业技术人员服务的劳动力
市场不断发展。//
当我们提议让更多的人接受高等教育时，总是会有人怀疑高校扩招会导致教育质量下降。
这种看法是目光短浅的表现。只要资源的增加能够赶上扩招的步伐，教育质量就能够得到保
证，甚至随着扩招而提升。但是如果政府在扩建学校时投资不足，大学就会陷入麻烦，教育
质量也将受到影响。//
这里所说的资源不仅仅是教学楼和其他所能看见的校园里的“硬件”。更重要的是大学里
“软件”资源的充足，比如教师工资、科研经费、奖学金、交流机会和管理系统的支持。我
们的确可以通过更合理地利用通信技术来提高办学效率。但是，高等教育的核心是师生之间
的交流。虽然这种交流不一定都是面对面的局限在教室里，但是教师和学生必须经常见面以
确保扩招后的教学质量。//
成本是接受教育的一个关键因素。如果高等教育太昂贵，受教育的人就会减少。中国和
其他国家的学费都上涨了。在我的国家更是这样。各国政府都在坚持：让受益人更多地为教
育付账！即使大学在努力增加各种收入渠道——我相信广外也在这样做——但这些方面的成
功并不应该减轻国家和省、市级政府为下一代投资的责任。//
36
对于把学费控制在多数家庭可承受范围之内而言，这些投资非常关键。中国必须注意防
止贫富差距扩大。让贫困家庭的优秀学生接受高等教育对于维持社会稳定和文化传承是非常
重要的。人们必须相信高校录取程序是公平的，相信才能和努力的付出会有大学的录取作为
回报，而上大学是改变自身命运的机遇。//
最后，为学生提供便利也是增加公众入学数量的重要因素之一。越来越多的学生采取走
读的方式，大学的宿舍也总是很紧张。随着城市的发展和像番禺大学城这类城郊新校区的成
立，高效廉价的城市交通是关键因素。//
当谈及接受高等教育时，我们不仅是指传统意义上 18 至 22 岁的大学生。我们还必须为
那些已经工作和成家的非传统学生重拾学业创造机会。他们利用晚上或周末学习，在工作家
庭和自学上进之间找到平衡。我们要在大学里为青年创造学习机会，使他们自我完善，改进
工作技能，这对于建设学习型社会至关重要。大学需要做出调整来满足他们的需求，而不能
要求他们来适应我们。我们的灵活性可以为大众创造终生学习和培训的机制，这包括创立学
分制、校际（学分）转换互认制，将网络教育与课堂教学相结合等等。//
我十分赞赏广外在高等教育扩招中的领头作用，同时我要为广东省及广州市在番禺设立
的大学城而鼓掌。明天我们将造访大学城。大学城给我们从事高等教育的人提出了巨大的挑
战：我们不仅要学习如何管理多校区的大学，还要学会管理包含众多大学的校区。如此规模
的大学城校区在世界上是独具特色的。我们赞赏大学城规划参与者的勇气，期待所有可能为
之提供帮助的国际学术合作。我们坚信广外在未来十年以及今后能够在大学扩招中取得更大
的成功。谢谢。//
2. 汉译英译文
Text 6
Speech by the Secretary for Education and Manpower－Professor Arthur K. C. Li
at the 2005 Annual Conference of Education Forum for Asia in Beijing
Minister Zhou, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,
It is my pleasure and honor to address such a distinguished audience at the Second Annual
Conference of the Education Forum for Asia. So, first of all, I would like to congratulate the Beijing
Municipal Government, Bo’ao Forum for Asia, UNESCO and the China Scholarship Council for
organizing this remarkable event.
The theme of this year’s conference is “Education Development Strategies for Asian Countries
in the New Century”. This is a timely subject for Hong Kong, as right now we are undergoing major
education reforms that will fundamentally alter the academic structure of secondary and higher
education, and revolutionalize the learning experience of our next generations. As the head for
Education and Manpower of Hong Kong, I would like to share with you our experience in
spearheading these reforms, as well as our vision for the future.
First, I’d like to talk about Hong Kong’s challenges in the new centuries. Like many modern
cities in the Asia Pacific Region, Hong Kong is moving fast into a knowledge-based economy. The
21st Century has brought new challenges to us, and calls for innovative solutions. But unlike many
modern cities in the region, Hong Kong is small. We have no natural resources to rely on; our single
and most important asset is our people.
Over the past decades, Hong Kong has strived to become the regional financial centre, and to
lead in trade and high value-added services. These changes have exerted great pressure on our
manpower supply. Total labor force in Hong Kong last year was just over three-and-a-half million,
but our projections show that by 2007, we will have a shortfall of over 100,000 people with
education at post-secondary level and above, and at the same time a surplus of 230,000 at or below
37
upper secondary level. Clearly, the evolving job requirements are not in favour of persons with lower
educational attainment. There is only one way to address this problem -- that is to upgrade the
quality of our workforce, and we do this by upgrading our education services.
The second point I want to make is “Developing Hong Kong as the Regional Education Hub”.
Where is this united force of Hong Kong’s higher education to work? Hong Kong being Asia’s world
city, our vision and ambition do not stop at the boundary. We aspire to serve the neighboring areas,
and be the Education Hub of the region.
Hong Kong has a diversified system of education with internationally recognized curriculum
and assessment catering to the needs of both the local and international communities. Non-local
students are also drawn to Hong Kong’s unique blend of Chinese and Western cultures: to those from
Mainland China, we offer an international perspective in a familiar context; to overseas students, we
make knowledge of our hinterland and China business much more accessible.
We have also created an environment conducive to bringing different parts of the world
together. All our tertiary institutions use English as the medium of instruction. Our Basic Law
guarantees them institutional autonomy and academic freedom. We set no limit for the admission of
non-local research students. For other publicly-funded programmes, non-local students can make up
as much as 10% of the target student numbers.
Student exchanges are part of our universities’ regular academic activities. They can freely
deploy government funds for this purpose, and we also encourage them to offer scholarships to high
caliber non-local students. As I mentioned earlier, we have set aside HK$1 billion to match private
donations received by our institutions. This covers, among other things, scholarships for non-local
students.
In terms of system readiness and the availability of resources, Hong Kong is fully geared up
for internationalization. What we need now are more international partners to make this a success.
Perhaps there is no better occasion than an international conference like this to make an appeal, so
on behalf of the heads of our eight institutions who are here today, may I extend our invitation to you
all to join us in our internationalization efforts.
Thirdly, I’d like to introduce the new “3+3+4” academic structure. I have taken you through the
blooms and new directions in our education system, but none of these will be sustainable unless we
are prepared to inject new life into the system itself. To this end, we will implement, from 2009
onwards, a new academic structure for senior secondary and higher education.
At the moment, our secondary school education follows a “3+2+2” structure. Under the new
academic structure, all students will have the opportunity to enjoy three years of senior secondary
education. Instead of drilling for two public exams in four years to get into universities, they will
enjoy a much better structured curriculum, be able to spend more time on learning, and will have
their educational attainment fairly assessed against recognized levels of competence.
At the tertiary education level, a four-year undergraduate program will replace the three-year
one, giving our students more room for a more balanced personal development. The new academic
structure will also align Hong Kong with a number of important international systems, thus
facilitating the students’ articulation to institutions outside Hong Kong.
Fundamentally changing the academic structure is a mammoth task. It cannot be achieved
without the vision of educationalists, the determination of policy makers, and above all, the full
support of all stakeholders – parents, students, teachers, institutions, taxpayers, basically everyone in
the community. Hong Kong has taken many years to reach this consensus – and I am glad we did. In
the coming years, the Government will have to put in capital funding amounting to HK$7.9 billion
for works and one-off expenses, and thereafter an additional HK$2 billion each year to meet the
38
recurrent costs. We have a long way to go, but we will press ahead with enthusiasm, knowing that
we are making great strides in the right direction and implementing changes that will become a
landmark of our education history.
Ladies and gentlemen, in the limited time available, I have attempted to give you a broad
picture of the opportunities and challenges for the education system in Hong Kong. It would not
surprise me if you find the things that we have done or plan to do are familiar to you at home. It is
hardly an over-statement to say that, despite the differences in cultures and education systems, all
governments and institutions are moving along similar tracks. We are all trying to address
socio-economic and technological changes in the New Centuries. This is why I said that this
conference is particularly timely and useful.
I hope the conference is just the beginning of a dialogue – we will take it forward through
continuous collaboration and sharing. With this in mind, I wish you all a fruitful conference, and for
overseas visitors, a most enjoyable stay in our country. Thank you.
第六单元
口译记忆的基本原理
口译主题：会展活动
二、技能训练
Text 1
Spain’s Expo 2008 on World Water Opens
Expo 2008, themed on the world’s dwindling water resources, opened in the Spanish city of
Zaragoza on June 14, days after the riverside site narrowly escaped flooding.
King Juan Carlos officially opened the 25-hectare (62-acre) exhibition on the night of June 13.
Organizers hope 6.5 million people will visit before it closes in mid-September, providing a major
economic boost to the northern city, Spain’s fifth largest.
The Expo features Europe’s biggest fresh water aquarium, a 76-meter (250-ft.) water tower and
140 pavilions, themed around different climate zones and representing 105 countries.
Organizers stress the Expo’s environmentally friendly credentials. The site is four times smaller
than that built for Seville when Spain last hosted an Expo in 1992, and even the tourist shop’s carrier
bags are made of potato starch.
Two thousand environmental experts will produce a “Zaragoza Charter” outlining
recommendations to solve problems such as the lack of clean water for 1.2 billion people and the
danger of wars fought over dwindling water resources.
Text 2 Paris Air Show Is Big Business
At this year’s Paris Air Show there are more than 140 different types of aircraft on display－
everything from jets to helicopters, to even the latest in stealth technology. It is like an amusement
park for people fascinated with flying. But for the 2,000 exhibitors from 42 countries here, this is
serious business. Just about everyone in the aviation and aerospace world comes here to buy.
And Jean Pierre Cojan, with SNFCMA, the world’s fourth-largest aircraft engine manufacturer,
is ready to sell. “We have 16,000 engines in service and somewhere in the world an aircraft takes off
every three seconds with one of those engines.”
Just one client here can change the fortune of a small company, such as Acaleph from Holland.
39
It sells mobile flight safety training programs. And as the company’s Wil Nijsten says, Acaleph
found that one client at the last Paris air show. “We provide now three different types of training.
It’s a big client. So we hope the same this year.”
Not everyone here is looking to sell. Some local governments, like the U.S. southern state of
Alabama, are here to bring back more jobs to their regions. Roger Wehner is with the Alabama
Power Company. “Our whole intent is to try to find those folks who it makes sense to relocate to the
southeastern United States for aerospace.”
This year the Paris Air Show is expected to attract more than 200,000 visitors from 150
countries.
Text 3 The Largest Art Convention in Britain
Think of crafts and perhaps corn dollies and threaded baskets come to mind. But now the
annual COLLECT craft fair has opened at London’s Victoria and Albert Museum and it’s a very
classy affair. On offer are, ceramics, glass, textiles, silverware that can cost thousands. While the
applied art is gaining culture cachet, the Crafts Council, the organization which is paid to promot it,
is hitting more turbulent times. Our arts correspondent Nicholas Glass has this.
A vaccine and never-harder thing to define, the “C” word craft, and compared with Damine,
Tracy and Dinos, its practitioners are relatively ignored. Things are hand-made, decorative
sometimes, but not always functional, and of course unique. When is it craft, and when is it art?
Lines have been blurring for a long while.
I suppose my interest in craft is that the very best people who work within craft or seem to be
doing really quite divergent things. There’s no/ sort of the whole merchant’s definition any more
about crafts, not a life style thing. It’s not an antique, fine art thing, um. It’s not a discipline that
defines itself in terms of the home; it’s none of these things. It includes some of those things but
none of those things in its entirety. (But its meaning has changed.) Its meaning has changed. Its
meaning has changed and it’s changing.
These are stimulating and confusing times for makers, sellers and promotors of these objects of
desire. Here we have COLLECT--The third year run in a selling fair within the wards of the
V&A(Victoria and Albert Museum) in the sector of craft work version of freeze. And yet the Crafts
Council which organizes the fair and is supposed to give a lead is in restructuring limbo. It’s between
directors. Its exhibition space and shop in Northern London are to close, and it won’t be handing out
its annual Jerwood Prize this year.
Is there an institutional support, Crafts Council, Arts Council support for crafts?
There’s some. It’s not focused. It’s not well delivered, but there is some, some, um, support, yes.
Interestingly enough, things like COLLECT actually show you just how good things are and how
much more support needs to be, supports need to be in the sector. The problem is that Crafts Council
in particular has been out of focus and off message for a very long time and hasn’t really lived up to
it’s briefing to actually support the very best of craft.
Like Edmund de Waal, Julian Stair-one of our leading potters, he made these porcelain teapot
and cups. He is currently interim chairman of the Crafts Council.
So this precise moment is kind of like a vacuum of leadership.
Um, I wouldn’t say that’s a vacuum of leadership because we have a new chairman coming in
and that would be very shortly announced. And the director’s search is under way and we also have,
you know, a good new series of partnerships which are, which have started to really define our our
new strategy.
Will hearing this instill confidence? We shall see. At least COLLECT gives crafts a higher
40
profile for a few days. There are 42 galleries form Europe, Japan and Australia. From Denmark for
example, a sovereign interpretation in miniature of the Contiki Expedition. According to a new and
somewhat impenetrable arts council report, more of us like crafts than contemporary art.
If, if you have a collecting bug, it’s an excuse to go on and collect more, and also there is a
whole fabulous market out there which if you’ve only really ooked at the pictures, um, you know it’s
waiting to be discovered.
We apparently acquire some five million craft objects every year, one or two will be picked up
over the next few days of COLLECT, including Darkness, the odd teapot.
Text 4
Chief Secretary for Administration Henry Tang Speaks at the Opening Ceremony of
Vinexpo Asia-Pacific
Secretary Idrac, Ms. Hriard Dubreuil, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,
Good afternoon.
It is indeed my great pleasure to join you for the opening ceremony of this year’s Vinexpo.
First of all, may I extend a very warm welcome to all of you, who have come from overseas. I
have many, many friends who have joined this exhibition. And I wish you a very warm welcome and
a very warm visit to Hong Kong.
I am delighted that Hong Kong has been chosen to host the Vinexpo Asia-Pacific for a third
time. This year’s event promises to be the biggest and best so far. And I believe that Ms. Dubreuil
has given you numbers that are most impressive for a third time event.
But I’d like to emphasize that your presence here today is a huge vote of confidence for Hong
Kong in hosting this important event, and strengthens our commitment to become a centre for
trading in wine in Asia.
Our commitment was reflected earlier this year in our decision to reduce duties on wine down
to zero. That makes Hong Kong the only duty-free wine port among major economies. As you can
imagine it was a pretty popular decision, but the decision was based on more than just benefiting the
consumer, so that wines you can drink are now cheaper.
The decision was made because we wish to seize an opportunity or create an opportunity to
develop Hong Kong into a regional hub for wine-related business activities. That includes events
such as Vinexpo like this, as well as other wine-related economic activities - auctions, storage and
distribution of fine wine, tourism, brand promotion, wine appreciation, and also, especially for some
who are not so aware of this. Actually wine education is a big business.
Zero duties on wine will help to create jobs for Hong Kong as we strive to meet a growing
demand for wine in Asia, and in particular-China.
With duties removed, the related administrative arrangements will also be gone very soon.
Barring any unforeseen circumstances, I hope, by tomorrow actually, because the Legislative
Council will go through the process of ratifying the zero duty tomorrow, as well as the simplification
of the procedures.
Currently, the Asian market represents only a few percentage points of global consumption. But
judging from Asian interest in wine, I believe that there is huge potential for growth. Take the
Mainland of China for example, a strong economy, growing affluence and lifestyle changes offer
tremendous prospects for the wine industry.
And the trade expects mainland of Chinawine imports to increase to as much as US$870
million by 2017, or 58 percent of the whole Asian market, excluding Japan. I have a feeling they are
wrong. Based on Ms. Dubreuil’s figures and what my feeling is, I think the growth will be even
bigger than that.
41
The market response to zero duties in Hong Kong has been very positive, very encouraging.
Within two months, our wine imports increased by over 120 percent compared with the same period
last year. And value has increased by more than 200 percent. Renowned companies are planning to
expand their wine business in Hong Kong, and two auction houses have already held, well,, one has
already held their first auction and the other one will be holding it on Saturday. And more are
being lined up.
Earlier this month I was fortunate to be able to visit France. I am pleased to say that the French
government has responded positively to a proposal to conclude a bilateral arrangement related to the
wine industry. Under this arrangement, France would share with us their experience in promoting
wine-related trade and tourism, as well as providing training on wine-tasting.
I also hope that the considerable experience and expertise of the many companies that are
present today will help us establish internationally recognised standards in Hong Kong for the
handling of fine wine as an investment asset.
Ladies and gentlemen, I hope I have given you a taste of the new opportunities for the wine
industry in Hong Kong and in Asia.
We already have the world-class infrastructure, logistics, financial and telecommunication
systems required and, more importantly, very discerning palate and ample appetite to become a wine
trading and distribution centre in Asia.
We count on your knowledge, we count on your support in lifting the wine industry to new
heights in Asia.
It just remains for me to wish Vinexpo every success. I look forward to the opportunity to
welcome you back here frequently. And trust me, you will find your presence here worthwhile. So I
wish you good business and every success.
Thank you very much.
信息框架：
1. Welcoming delegates
2. Third time event as one part to promote wine business in HK
Other efforts like: a) reducing duties on wine down to zero
b) hosting events like Vinexpo.
c) wine-related economic activities (auction, storage and appreciation, etc,.)
3. The zero wine-duty will bring about many benefits, such as
a)wine import increase
b) jobs
c) related administrative arrangements will be gone
d) booming wine business
4. Growth potential in wine consumption; positive indicators are:
a) Asia: takes up only a few percentage points of global consumption
b) mainland China: strong economy, growing affluence and lifestyle changes
c) import: increased to as much as US$870 million by 2017
5. Drawing upon French experience and expertise
6. Hong Kong’s readiness for wine business as is shown in
a) world-class infrastructure
b) logistics
c) financial and communication systems
d) discerning palate
42
e)ample appetite
7. Wish the event successful
三、对话口译
Text 5
A Visit to the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre
工作人员：欢迎参观香港的地标建筑之一：香港会议展览中心。
Visitor: I think we are on the famous Victoria Harbour, which I frequently see on TV.
工作人员：是的，香港会展中心就位于景致迷人、名闻中外的维多利亚港上, 它于 1988
年 11 月开幕。自此以后，香港的贸易展览事业蒸蒸日上，奠定香港成为亚洲区贸易活动中心
的地位并成为举足轻重的国际会议举办地点。
Visitor: It looks splendid! I was told that the award-winning multi purpose-built Hong Kong
Convention and Exhibition Centre is the second largest of its kind in Asia. Can you tell me more
about it?
工作人员：当然没问题。香港会议展览中心是亚洲仅次于日本的第二大的会议展览场馆，
设有 5 个展览厅、2 个会议厅、2 个世界级放映厅，52 个不同面积的会议室，2 个可用于会前
聚会的会议厅前厅以及其他配套设施等。
Visitor: Then which hall is the largest in size and most significant in importance?
工作人员：请跟我来。香港会展中心的一大特色就是拥有一个 3880 平方米的大会堂，可
用于举行各类会议，大型宴会，展览, 招待会及特别项目。并且提供同声传译，录像及投影设
备。
Visitor: I feel so small here. And the view is breathtaking too!
工作人员：是的，在这里你可以一览无余地看到整个维多利亚港，中环还有山顶的醉人
景色。
Visitor: The facilities here are superb. What about the intangible part? I know Hong Kong has
always taken pride in its service industry, and I suppose it’s no exception for HKCEC.
工作人员：这里不仅有先进的设备和环境，更有专业的后勤部署，友好又专业的员工，
确保每一项活动能够顺利进行。
Visitor: With such wonderful facilities and services, I’m sure HKCEC is extremely reputable in
the exhibition industry.
工作人员：是的。每年都有超过 45 个国际展览在会展中心举行，吸引了来自一百多个
国际的买家。其中包括全球最大规模的皮革展和钟表展；其他如礼品、玩具、时装、珠宝、
电子和光学产品等定期召开的展览会都是亚洲规模最大的。
Visitor: That’s amazing! No wonder Hong Kong is known as “The Events Capital of Asia”.
During this visit, I’ve explored many facilities and services of HKCEC, and I’m sure this visit will
be my great experience and lasing memory!
四、篇章口译
1. 英译汉译文
Text 6
国际展览业协会总裁、香港会议展览中心董事总经理王礼仕在 2008 年第四届中国会
展经济国际合作论坛开幕式上的发言
各位来宾，女士们、先生们：
43
我非常荣幸能作为 UFI 国际展览业协会总裁参加这次盛会。我向各位传达来自我们成员，
其中包括众多的世界最顶尖的展览公司和场馆的热烈祝贺。我也非常高兴地告诉大家，在 UFI
会员的 84 个国家中，中国是拥有会员数量最多的国家。//
孔子说过，有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？我们必须清醒地意识到，有必要去解决我们面临
的各种实际挑战。这些当下的挑战在性质上，在程度上，都与我过去 40 年从业经历中碰到的
有很大不同。// 我们一定要主动地去把握潮流和机遇，把挑战最大程度地转化为优势，使之
有助于我们自己，也有助于我们的顾客。// 我非常赞赏中国会展经济国际合作论坛的主办方，
他们年复一年致力于办好这项盛事。这让我们有机会在这个会展业方兴未艾的国度进行学习
和交流。//
中国有着巨大机遇，在不断发展的会展业中遥遥领先，在亚洲、在世界都是这样。产品
制造和服务工业在中国的爆炸式发展也决定了中国的会展业必将发展迅猛。// UFI 非常骄傲能
参与其中，推介你们的展览，并鼓励高质量、高标准来促进增长。UFI 同时致力于为那些参与
者提供培训和教育机会。//
我要敦促各位，对于前面的挑战要抱有开放态度。我们必须共同努力，充分利用像中国
会展经济国际合作论坛这样的机遇来把握会展业发展所面临的转变，为未来进一步的提升做
好准备。// 在推广产品和服务时，我们都面临着其他形式的国际竞争，因此，我们一定要提
升参展商和买家的满意度，让他们感到参加展会物有所值。我们必须主动地应对各种问题，
例如社会和公共责任，其中就包括环境保护。// 我们还要不断提高知识产权的保护力度，这
一点我非常赞赏中国的努力，尤其是在过去两年中的努力。我们还要确保不合理的法规或者
不恰当的行政管理不会阻碍会展业的发展。 //
让我们充分利用这次论坛的成果，包括我们将在成都学到的知识，接触到的杰出人才，
聆听到的想法等等，来提升我们独立的企业以及整个会展业。非常感谢中国会展经济国际合
作论坛能让 UFI 每年有机会参与其中，为之效劳。 //
2. 汉译英译文
Text 7
Welcome Dinner Speech for Guangzhou International Lighting Exhibition 2008 by the
General Manager of Guangzhou Guangya Messe Frankfurt
(Excerpt)
Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. On behalf of Guangzhou Guangya Messe Frankfurt, I
would like to thank you for coming tonight to celebrate the opening day of Guangzhou International
Lighting Exhibition 2008. This is our 13th show in Guangzhou, and we continue to grow from
strength to strength.
This year at Guangzhou International Lighting Exhibition we have 1,539 exhibitors, from 21
countries and regions. This is a 25% increase from last year. For those of you who are exhibiting, I
hope you have had a successful first day. If you have come to Guangzhou International Lighting
Exhibition and Electrical Building Technology Guangzhou to do business with our exhibitors, I hope
you have found exactly what you were looking for.
We are happy to announce that on our first day we have attracted of 13,540 visitors. That’s an
increase of 26% from 2007. Among them 29% percent are from overseas, an increase of 12%
compared to last year
Tonight we have a number of VIPs in attendance and I would like to emphasise how much we
appreciate the time you have taken out of your busy schedules to attend our shows and tonight’s
event. Our thanks also go to the 10 supporters of Guangzhou International Lighting Exhibition. We
44
could not have put on such fine trade fairs without our supporters. Through your endorsements and
promotional efforts, we have managed to create truly international platforms for the lighting
industry.
Looking forward, we have some exciting plans for 2009: the scale of the exhibition will be
further expanded and we will hold the concurrent lighting forums that cover different topics. To
conclude my speech, I wish you all every success over the course of the fair! Please enjoy your
evening. Thank you!
3. 汉译英译文
Text 8
Premier Wen Jiabao’s Speech at Inauguration and Celebrating Ceremony of 100th Session
of Chinese Export Commodities Fair, October 15, 2006
(Excerpt)
Dear Guests and Friends, Ladies and Gentlemen,
We assemble here for celebrating the inauguration of 100th session of Chinese Export
Commodities Fair tonight. I would like, on behalf of Chinese Government, to extend my warm
welcome to friends from all countries.
In 1957, Chinese government determined to hold Chinese Export Commodities Fair twice a
year in Guangzhou. Over the past 50 years, Canton Fair is held for 100 sessions and becomes an
integrated international trade pageant with the longest history, biggest scale, most completed range
of commodities, largest number of attending companies and most rewarding experience in China. It
marks a splendid chapter in the history of foreign trade and construction of China, plays a significant
role in pushing China’s foreign trade development and opening up as well.
－Canton Fair is a showcase of China’s opening-up. China can not develop without cooperation
with the world. China and the world get better understandings through Canton Fair. On this very
platform, great numbers of Chinese and foreign enterprises exchange information, discuss business,
promote brands and purchase products. Meanwhile China’s products are sold to all parts of the
world.
－Canton Fair is a miniature of China’s opening-up. Holding of Canton Fair is a significant step
in China’s implementation of opening-up policy. Over the course of 50 years, Canton Fair has
reflected the history of China’s opening-up, showed new development and achievement in foreign
trade since opening up, and pointed a wider road for China’s foreign trade. China’s all-around
opening-up structure has been formed.
－Canton Fair is a manifestation of China’s opening-up. Holding Canton Fair successfully
meets China’s opening-up policy in the new era and is the key part of implementing win-win strategy.
With China’s broadening scope of opening-up, continuous economic prosperity and development,
Canton Fair will face more opportunities for development. Canton Fair shall be held continuously
with further innovation and success, so as to obtain more achievement .
Dear guests and friends, Opening-up is the way we must take for realizing China’s
modernization. It brings benefit to China’s development, which in turn contributes to the world at
large. Under the backdrop of intensifying economic globalization and rapidly advancing science and
technology, China will unswervingly implement the opening-up policy.
We shall conform to the regulations of the WTO, further open our market and be active in
participating in building the global multilateral trade mechanism.
We shall encourage two-way investment, improve the efficiency of foreign fund utilizing, and
45
actively introduce advanced technology and managerial expertise.
We shall perfect foreign-related economic laws and regulations, enforce national strategy on
IPR protection, strive to create a fair environment for competition and protect legitimate rights and
interests of enterprises and individuals.
In order to better adapt to new situation of opening-up, expand import, increase export and push
coordinated and balanced development in trade, Chinese government has decided that Canton Fair
will change its name to the Chinese Import and Export Commodities Fair starting from the 101st
session. China welcomes more people and friends from industrial and commercial community and
other circles to attend the Fair.
Thank you.
第七单元
逻辑线索及信息整合
口译主题：招商引资
二、技能训练
Text 1
“London: Gateway to the European Market”
－By CEO of Think London, 2008
(Excerpt)
Thank you very much for that kind and very long introduction. Good afternoon everyone. As
you know, I’m Michael Charlton of the Chief Executive of Think London and I am delighted to be
speaking to you here this afternoon at this CCPIT-organised financial services conference.
Hopefully, you would already be familiar with the fact that even the speakers from the Bank of
China this morning might have suggested that New York is the world’s major financial centre. I am
afraid I am going to dispute that and hopefully by the end of my section, you will have a clear
understanding that London is the world’s No.1international financial centre.
Many of you sitting here today may be concerned about the wisdom of talking about going
global in the current economic climate, for we live in very uncertain time. But I am very optimistic
and believe that we will get through this financial crisis and that we will be able to manage our way
to downturn in the world economy very effectively. The impact on London, as the most global city,
was not immune with global pressures and is expected to be small and short-lived, after which we
fully expect that the economy will return to grow. I also believe that China will play a pivotal role as
we chart our way into the next few months and probably next few years. And over the past 30 years,
as you know all too well, China has become steadily more integrated with the world’s economy and
the process was accelerated by China’s admission into the World Trade Organization in 2001. The
world has come to depend on China. We have all been hearing in the introduction. In the first half of
this year alone, China’s growth accounted for 1/3 of total world economic growth.
Today, I am going to talk to you about why, when and how the business could set up, succeed
and grow in London-Europe’s leading business city. Firstly, I will explain why London is the place
to do business, particularly the financial services business. Secondly, I will explain why I believe
now is the right time to act. Thirdly, I will explain how Think London can help you if you do
financial service business or indeed another business thinking of going global.
We believe that there are five reasons to come to London. And I’d like to start with finance,
46
very appropriate of today’s conversation. London is the world’s leading international financial centre
and welcome business of globalising. Recently, the global Financial Service Index ranked London as
the NO.1 financial centre, significantly, I mind that, ahead of New York. London gives you access to
international finance.
Its regulatory resilience and expertise is however just part of why London has consistently
come out as the top global financial city. This year is the fourth consecutive year of the Index I
mentioned earlier on. With that said, I’d like to spend a few moments outlining why the UK financial
services sector and London’s role in particular is important. Financial and professional services in
U.K. account for over 10 percent of UK’s GDP, a sector employs over one million people in UK and
whatever the investments, all capitals requirements or business, they all have in common the need
for expert design on the wide range of issues: connecting with international capital markets, mergers
and acquisitions, commercial liquidations, international arbitration, corporate laws and intellectual
property issues. And all of these factors are in abundance in London. In this challenging times, it’s
more important than ever to secure a good professional advice. That’s exactly where London’s ideals
base. We have the advisors, the accountants, the lawyers that have the expertise to assist Chinese
companies as they begin the process of globalization.
London is a truly international financial centre. Just consider some of the following facts:
London is the world largest foreign exchange market, with a daily turnover of 34 percent of global
total. This is around 1.4 trillion dollars each day. London has just under half or 46 percent of the total
global foreign equity market. And London is also the world’s leading market for international
insurance and the third largest pension fund asset under management. Take banking in particular,
banking remains a centrical part of London’s success of the international financial centre. Out of 331
authorized banks in UK at the end of 2007, 254 were branches of oversees subsidiaries. UK banking
industry provides a comprehensive range of international baking services and it claims successful
global banks like HSBC and Standard Charter, both of which, you know, have a large footprint in
China. I am delighted to see of course so many Chinese banks operating in banking sector. The Bank
of China has had a branch in London. Since 1929, they arrived in the hearth of city of London. ICBC,
who is sponsoring this conference, was granted the license by the financial authority in 2003 and the
Agricultural Bank of China, Bank of Communications and China’s Construction Bank also have
their representative offices in London. And I am delighted to say that Shenzhen-based China’s
Merchants bank has yet today announced a second office in London. These Chinese banks recognize
London’s position as the international financial centre and use London as a springboard for global
goal to access other European marketplace.
London is also a centre for international IPOs. There are 700 foreign companies from over 70
different countries around the world listed on the London Stock Exchange, more than any other
exchange globally. In 2007 alone, London attracted 84 international IPOs, more than any other
European or US exchange. 74 of these companies were from China, listed on both the main
exchange and the alternative investment exchange market, the junior market of fast growing
business.
I mentioned there were five reasons for investment in London. The first is finance, and I hope
you will go away with the impression that London is the world’s leading financial centre.
Text 2
HKSAR Financial Secretary’s Opening Remarks in the 2008 World Credit Union
Conference
Mr. Yip, Mr. Kwon, Mr. Edwards, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,
47
Good afternoon.
I am indeed delighted to welcome the World Credit Union to Hong Kong, Asia’s world city. We
are honoured, deeply honoured, that the World Council of Credit Unions has chosen our city for its
first annual conference in Asia for three decades. The flag parade that we have just had the pleasure
of seeing is, indeed, a great way to kick off this very prestigious event. I, for one, was reminded of
the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games when the national flags of participating teams enter the
arena in a show of global unity.
With this in mind, Hong Kong is an even more appropriate venue for this Conference. In less
than a month, the Beijing Olympics will get under way, and Hong Kong will be a proud co-host city
for the Games with the staging of the Olympic Equestrian Events. There are still a few weeks to go
before the Beijing Games begin, but this conference is something of an Olympics for credit unions,
with more than 1,300 participants from some 50 countries taking part.
A warm welcome to Hong Kong to you all.
No doubt, many of us aspire to the Olympic goal of building a better world in a spirit of
understanding, friendship, solidarity and fair play.
For the World Council of Credit Unions, the mission is to seek, to improve the social
development for all people through the provision of high-quality and affordable financial services.
I am confident that Hong Kong has an important role to play in helping to achieve this goal.
In the next few minutes, I will highlight the importance of the financial services sector to Hong
Kong, and some of the ways that we are diversifying products and improving the efficiency of
services.
First, allow me to give you a brief overview of credit unions in Hong Kong. I believe there is
good potential for growth in this area. However, the development of credit unions here has been
somewhat restricted due to the high concentration of banks and financial institutions, which offer a
wide range of services to all concerned.
At the same time, there are still 41 credit unions in the city, mainly composed of employees of
government departments, large corporations and members of neighbourhood organisations and local
churches.
Local membership is about 66,000 with a total capital of some $5 billion. With a penetration
rate of about one per cent of the population, there is certainly room for the expansion of credit
unions in Hong Kong.
Credit unions have also been spared the worst effects of the current global market turmoil
brought on by the sub-prime lending problem in the US. Good governance, close relationship with
members and the promotion of sensible use of credit are important factors.
Hong Kong is also in a pretty good shape, despite the global economic downturn. This is thanks
largely to the resilience of our financial services sector. Although we were hit hard by the Asian
financial crisis a decade ago, our financial services sector has rebounded strongly and remains one of
the four pillars of our economy. It contributes around 13 per cent of our GDP and some 180,000
people work in this sector.
Open markets, good corporate governance and a transparent regulatory regime are among our
key attributes as an international financial centre.
In recent years, Hong Kong has emerged as an important player in global round-the-clock
financial trading.
This is partly down to good luck. We are in the right place at the right time. Our geographical
location in the Asian timezone, midway between the financial powerhouses of London and New
York makes Hong Kong an ideal partner in today’s 24-hour global financial network.
48
We do not rely solely on natural endowment. Our good fortune in time and place is combined
with a great deal of hard work in producing the best possible investment environment.
We must be doing something right, because in the league of international financial centres,
Hong Kong is ranked third by the Global Financial Centres Index published by the City of London
Corporation. Only London and New York are ranked higher.
Hong Kong is also consistently ranked as the world’s freest economy. The US-based Heritage
Foundation has placed Hong Kong at the top of the league table for each of the past 14 years.
At the heart of our financial services sector is the robust and vibrant stock market. Although
we are a relatively small city with a population just short of seven million, Hong Kong possesses the
world’s seventh largest stock market and third largest in Asia by market capitalisation. Market cap
at end of May was more than US$2.3 trillion.
In terms of equity funds raised in 2007, Hong Kong was ranked second in Asia and fifth
globally with total funds raised at about US$9 billion.
Hong Kong is also a leading asset management centre in Asia. The latest available figures show
that our combined fund management business amounted to some US$800 billion at end of 2006,
representing 36 per cent growth over 2005.
Our decision to abolish estate duty and exempt offshore funds from profits tax since early 2006
has helped to attract foreign capital to Hong Kong and encourage investors to hold assets here.
Perhaps our biggest attraction for investors is a low and simple tax system. Top rates for salaries
tax is capped at 15 per cent and profits tax at 16.5 per cent. There is no VAT, no GST, no capital
gains tax and only income sourced in Hong Kong is taxable here.
We also are a safe, stable and law-abiding society. And since reunification with the Mainland in
1997, Hong Kong has retained the common law legal system based on the English system. Our
judiciary is fiercely independent, and we take a zero-tolerance approach to corruption. Our
Independent Commission Against Corruption is highly regarded in the international community.
As well as ensuring a level playing field for entrepreneurs and investors, we are also
diversifying our financial services. As China’s most important city for global finance, we have an
important job to do in more closely aligning our two financial systems. This will help us become a
more efficient platform for inflows as well as outflows of capital across the boundary.
For example, since 2004 we have been developing Renminbi business in Hong Kong.
Virtually all retail banks offer Renminbi services, and beginning last year, we became the first place
outside the Mainland to have a Renminbi bond market.
We are continuing to develop Renminbi business in collaboration with our counterparts across
the boundary.
Looking East, another relatively new and exciting area for us is Islamic finance. There is good
potential for introducing Islamic financial products in Hong Kong and for developing a market for
Islamic bonds or sukuk. The response so far has been encouraging.
Last November, a major local bank launched the first Islamic fund here. In six months, the fund
had grown more than 10fold since its launch with the size of the fund exceeding US$54 million by
end of April.
The investment holding arm of the Malaysian Government issued an exchangeable sukuk of
US$550 million in the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in March this year. It was the first sukuk offering
exposure to China’s growth through the Mainland equities listed on the local stock market. There
was a good response from Middle Eastern investors and the sukuk was oversubscribed by 10 times.
So ladies and gentlemen, I have covered just a few of the areas that are important to Hong Kong
as an international financial centre, and as China’s No.1 city for global finance.
49
No doubt, this Conference - with its list of esteemed speakers - will explore some of these as
well as other issues in great depth in the next couple of days.
I hope you all have an enjoyable stay here in Hong Kong and, in keeping with the Olympic
atmosphere in Hong Kong at the moment, I wish you the best World Credit Union Conference ever.
So, e njoy your stay in Hong Kong, and do shop a lot. Thank you very much.
Text 3
Ratification of US–South Korean Free Trade Deal No Sure Thing
<For> some Koreans, the pending free trade agreement is a mouth-watering prospect.
Supporters say South Korean food consumers may benefit the most. Increased imports of US
agricultural products are expected to push down prices and expand selection. The deal also is
expected to create high-salary jobs in South Korea’s knowledge-intensive industries.//
But the agreement faces opposition both in the U.S. Congress, and here, in South Korea's
National Assembly. Tami Overby is the executive director of president of the American Chamber of
Commerce in South Korea. She rides a US-made Harley Davidson motorcycle. She says the trade
deal will make it easier for South Koreans to buy Harleys, but she says the big picture is much more
important. "The changes that this FTA (free trade agreement) will help < South>Korea, will ensure
<South> Korea's future competitiveness. This FTA will help ensure that they have preferential
access into the largest market in the world and thus have that asset ahead of their neighbours." //
Many people disagree. Lawmaker Shim Sang Jong, of South Korea’s Democratic Labor Party,
heads a legislative movement to block the deal. “This is a very imbalanced agreement, and will bring
about a lot of despair for common people, laborers, and farmers. As more people understand that fact,
lawmakers will lose their will to ratify it.” //
Shin Yong-Beom farms rice and other produce about 200 kilometers south of Seoul. He has
taken part in many demonstrations against the deal in South Korea. He says it will unfairly make
small South Korean farms compete with big US farms run by companies. “What the government
calls competition with US farmers is actually competition with multinational corporations. That’s
not a fair arrangement.”//
A different kind of opposition to the deal is emerging in the United States. US carmakers Ford
and Chrysler say it does not give them the access they want to South Korea’s market. Many US
lawmakers say they too oppose the deal. At Seoul National University, Lee Dong Kee is a professor
of business administration. He says some South Koreans do not understand how dependent their
economy is on global trade. “We had the financial crisis in 1997-1998] because South Korea’s
economy wasn’t able to adapt to the changing world economy. Now, 10 years later, we are at
another historical moment when we should make a leap to an open and global economic system.” //
Experts such as Lee say the South Korea-US trade agreement symbolizes a commitment to
making that leap and lays the foundation for similar deals with China, the European Union, and
elsewhere. //
三、对话口译
Text 4
美国财政部长鲍尔森在中美战略经济对话第三次会议记者招待会上答记者问（2007
年 12 月 13 日）
鲍尔森：大家下午好。谢谢各位的光临。在回答各位提问之前，我想先提一下我们会议
的几个亮点。
50
首先，我们同意共同成立一个工作小组来制定一个十年计划，并在在下一次以能源与环
境合作为议题的会谈上进行探讨。能源安全和环境的可持续发展对我们两国都至关重要。
我还要告诉大家，我们在金融服务领域也取得了一定进展，为世界金融服务公司在中国
开展业务扩大了机遇。我们还就中国在平衡经济发展，扩大国内消费的问题进行了良好的讨
论。
现在请大家提问。
Question: I want to ask a question about financial services. Could you spend some time just
outlining what has been achieved in the cooperation of fiancial services between China and the U.S?
In particular, have the two countries reached any agreement on the opening of China’s securities
market?
鲍尔森：大家都知道我对金融服务是多么在意，这是因为无论是中国经济的平衡增长，
还是其他任何经济体，资本市场都发挥了非常重要的作用。而且资本市场在整个经济中有一
种乘数效应, 所以它非常重要。
关于中国开放证券市场方面，我们对此很强调是因为这不仅对外国公司进来投资有好处，
而且，这基本上是发展一个行业的正确方法。如果让一个世界级的公司来主导证券业，那它
就能运作良好，而且会有益于整个社会。
所以，在战略经济对话过程中，我们在证券和金融业务的几乎每一个领域都取得了进展。
这反映了中国致力于开放市场,并且一段时间以来也一直在开放市场。
Question: Could you maybe clarify a little bit more on this issue? You mentioned the opening
of securities industry in China, but can you tell us some concrete plans and steps to implement those
plans from China? For example, did you get any pledges that China will raise ownership cap of
foreign investors?
鲍尔森：从中国方面告诉我们的各项进展，我相信你会看到一个更加开放的证券市场。
请记住，他们要做的事情很多，在几乎每个行业都承诺要一步步采取行动，这些都会带来新
的制度。他们需要一一展开行动。一到中国我就和证监会主席尚福林会谈，他非常关注所有
这些事情。
从我们美国的角度来看，我们希望中方能做的更多，做的更快。然而从他的角度来看，
他已经跑得很快了，请相信我。他们非常忙碌，非常积极。我们记在表单上的不仅有我们正
在做的事务，而且还有我们达成协议要做的事务。中方非常谨慎，他们说：我们已经这么做
了，要花较长的时间才能完成，但是我们一定会完成它。
Question: From Market News International. Governor Zhou Xiaochuan just said that you
discussed gradually accelerating the pace of yuan flexibility. ECB President left Beijing a few weeks
ago suggesting that the Chinese had said that they would study faster appreciation as well. Did you
get a similar message or any indication that China is willing to pick up the pace of appreciation?
鲍尔森：我们首先来看事实。中国方面已经同意该原则。他们已经并且正在升值人民币，
而且升值的速度已经加快。去年一年的升值接近 6%。
我和中国方面就此会谈了很久，并且我们不会花很多时间讨论究竟多快才叫快。这样可
以吗？这说起来是很容易的。我们在原则上取得共识，并且谈了一系列话题。我们谈到加快
升值的益处。现在中国正集中应对经济过热和遏制通胀，我想大家都同意货币政策相比仅仅
使用行政政策不失为一个有效的措施，并且让货币来反映市场基本面是件好事。
Question: I’m with AP. Minister Chen yesterday mentioned that he was quite worried about
the weakness of the US currency, and the weakness in the US economy, and that when he was
confronted by the American side with calls for a faster RMB appreciation he responded that he was
more concerned with those issues. Are you now able to offer any assurances, any reassurances, that
that won’t be a problem for China?
鲍尔森：首先，我认为两国都明白我们受益于各自强大的经济实力。对于中国而言，美
51
国经济强大并且保持增长是很重要的。对于美国而言，中国经济强大并且稳定发展也是很重
要的。所以我们讨论的时候不能不谈各自的经济情况。我认为，我们的经济是健康而多样化
的，并且会持续增长。每当有人公开问我的时候，我就会坦诚地谈到房地产市场的风险和资
本市场的动荡。但是现在的背景是全球经济很强劲，美国的经济也很健康。
Question: Mr. Secretary, I’m from Reuters. You cites a decision by China to permit foreign
companies doing business in China to issue yuan-denominated securities. How much pressure was
there for that from the U.S. side, and how much resistance from the Chinese, and what is the
potential impact of that?
鲍尔森：首先，我认为这是一个非常积极的行动。我很高兴你提到这个话题。所以这些
事情，我们谈到的关于证券问题的所有方面，中国方面都说：他们正在朝着这个方向努力，
知道自己需要做什么，正在开放自己的证券市场。他们需要发展监管体系和基础架构，他们
正在以稳健的方式尽可能快地去做。所以他们一直都认识到这是一件好事，这也是我们鼓励
他们去做的事。我想通用公司已经做了融资，下一步会有更多的类似活动。我认为这很重要，
而且会成为中国资本市场积极发展的有益组成部分。
Question: I’m with the South China Morning Post. I just wanted to ask a little bit of
clarification on the issuance of Renminbi stocks and bonds. Does this mean that U.S. companies are
going to be able to issue stocks and bonds in China? And when is this going to happen? And has
there been a demand from U.S. companies to do this? Thank you.
鲍尔森：美国或外国公司很显然有这样的要求，任何在中国营业和投资的公司都希望能
在国内市场以人民币融资，这是一件好事。你问什么时候，我相信会逐渐开展的。我认为你
一定会看到外国在华投资的公司可以在股票和债券市场上融资的。
谢谢各位！
四、篇章口译
1. 英译汉译文
Text 5
香港特别行政区行政长官曾荫权在迪拜出席香港─迪拜商务午宴的致辞
各位嘉宾，各位先生、女士：
十分高兴来到迪拜，享受这个城市热情的好客之道，也藉此机会看看迪拜十多年来的非
凡发展。看到沙漠转化成眼前的繁华景象，我觉得再没有什么是不可能的了。
这是香港行政长官首次到访海湾国家，我却有宾至如归的感觉。迪拜与香港都是由昔日
的荒芜之地转变为今日的世界级城市，两地有不少共通之处。
二月七日，我们会迎来鼠年，鼠年象征新机勃发、前景美好。稍后我会谈谈，为什么我
相信迪拜商界与投资者来年及往后，可在香港享有大好机遇和美好前景。
今天香港扮演着双重角色，既是中国的一个城市，也是亚洲国际都会。我们的市场经济、
普通法体系、廉洁高效的政府，以及绝不容忍贪污的施政方针，依然是香港社会的基石。我
们信奉新闻、资讯、货物和资金自由流通。月初，香港连续第 14 年获美国传统基金会选为全
球最自由的经济体。
不过，我们没有因此松懈，正致力保持国际都会的前列地位。目前大约有 3 900 家跨国公
司在香港设立地区总部或办事处，令我们成为外资公司开拓亚洲市场的理想之选。我们当然
希望更多迪拜企业加入这个行列。
与迪拜一样，香港也在建设未来。
我们继续在基建上作出巨额投资，以提升本港经济的效率和竞争力。一九九七年以来，
52
新机场、接连中国内地的新道路和铁路，以及新海运码头纷纷落成。
未来五至十年间，我们会有更多项目陆续开展，其中包括多条接驳港口的新大桥和公路；
一条连接香港、澳门和内地长 30 公里的大桥；一条通往毗邻广东省的新高速铁路线以及一个
有利旅游业的新邮轮码头。我们推行这些项目，有效加强香港与富庶的珠三角及以外地区的
相互连系。
我们设计创新方法，改进物业、酒店和医院管理，提升物流和港口系统科技。这一切都
是阿联酋地区朋友可以引用的资源。
新基建只是我们与国家加强经济连系的众多途径之一。我们同时会抓紧机遇，将香港发
展为中国的国际金融中心。
香港具有一流的金融服务业、可靠透明的规管制度，更汇聚国际银行，以及包含本地和
各国鼎盛人才的专业队伍。
本港 142 家持牌银行中包括迪拜的银行。以资本市值计算，本港证券市场排名全球第七，
是亚洲第三大市场。我们还是亚洲最大的基金管理中心，也是首要的保险中心和全球顶尖的
黄金市场。在二零零七年全球首次公开上市金额排名榜上，香港名列第四。以香港这样一个
面积不大的城市来说，实算不俗，但我们有能力并立意做得更好。
展望未来，还有不少令人振奋的新机遇，可以提升香港作为环球金融中心的吸引力。香
港正在开拓伊斯兰金融市场，而且进展良好。香港的法律制度灵活而具透明度，绝对适合支
援伊斯兰金融交易。香港很多国际大银行已经投入相当多的资源，开发各类伊斯兰金融产品
服务。
我们的地理位置，加上成熟、具流动性而没有外汇管制的市场，使我们成为迪拜在亚洲
时区内最理想的金融服务伙伴。我们可填补纽约和伦敦每日交易时段的空隙。对任何庞大投
资组合的金融风险管理而言，这非常重要。
香港的就业人口学历高、勤奋刻苦、深具创业能力，可在各种挑战中取胜。世界知名的
港人拼搏精神，在各行各业发挥淋漓尽致。
各位，这是我中东访问的最后一站。数天的行程非常紧凑，却愉快而收获丰富。我们看
望了旧朋友，又结识了新朋友。我相信，这次访问可以为香港与中东地区、尤其是与迪拜开
创积极、互惠的新关系。
最后，祝各位鼠年开泰，万事如意，恭喜发财！多谢各位。
2. 汉译英译文
Text 6
广药集团董事长、总经理杨荣明在广州药业与联合博资合资庆典上的致辞
Honorable Mr. Mayor, honorable Mr. Stefano Pessina, Respected Leaders, Dear Friends,
It is a great pleasure for me to witness the celebration ceremony marking the opening of the
joint venture between Guangzhou Pharmaceutical Company Ltd under GPHL and Alliance Boots
after two years friendly negotiation. The joint venture program set a good beginning for the
cooperation between Guangzhou pharmaceutical companies and international pharmaceutical groups.
First of all, on behalf of GPHL, I would like to express warm congratulations on the launching of the
joint venture. I would also like to express sincere gratitude to provincial and municipal leaders as
well as all the guests present for their great support.
As one of the rapidly developing costal cities in China, Guangzhou attracts more and more
foreign investment from international groups thanks to its special location, prosperous economy and
favorable opening up policy. As a world leading pharmaceutical wholesale and retail business,
Alliance Boots has gained considerable experience in international investment and operation and has
gradually established a complete value chain in international pharmaceutical distribution and
53
wholesale industry. It was after comprehensive investment study and comparison that Alliance Boots
decided to invest in Guangzhou to cooperate with Guangzhou Pharmaceutical Company Ltd. This
shows its great confidence in pharmaceutical companies in Guangzhou. I believe the strong
partnership will bring bright future for the joint venture company, GP Corp.
Both sides showed friendliness and sincerity during the whole negotiation process. We talked
about the prospect of Chinese pharmaceutical industry and reached agreement on the development
plan of the joint venture. The partnership will also help explore development potential and
complement each other in manufacturing and distribution network.
Therefore, we believe that the successful inauguration of our joint venture today will lead to
more and further cooperation between us. The establishment of joint venture will bring advanced
managerial expertise, expand distribution channel, and help local companies get recognition
throughout China and even in the whole world. At the same time, the joint venture will surely serve
as a platform to promote the pharmaceutical products of Guangzhou Pharmaceutical Company Ltd.
in the international market.
The partnership between Guangzhou Pharmaceutical Company Limited and Alliance Boots will
contribute to the development of Guangzhou pharmaceutical industry, strengthen the core
competitiveness of Guangzhou pharmaceutical companies, facilitate their growth in face of
globalization and take advantage of the great achievement of Chinese pharmaceutical industry. Last
but not the least, I would like to wish GPC Ltd and Alliance Boots a successful partnership and wish
the joint venture company, GP Corp, a bright future!
Thank you!
3. 汉译英译文
Text 7
Opening Remarks at the Third China-US Strategic Economic Dialogue By Wu Yi,
Vice Premier of the State Council, December 12, 2007
Dear Secretary Henry Paulson, Dear colleagues,
I am delighted to welcome you to attend the Third China-US Strategic Economic Dialogue.
This time last year, following the agreement reached between President Hu Jiantao and
President Bush, we held the First China-US Strategic Economic Dialogue in Beijing. Since then,
thanks to the personal attention paid and guidance given by the two presidents, the SED mechanism
has grown in strength. Attracting widespread public attention in both countries and the international
community, it has played an increasingly important role in ensuring the stability and growth of not
only China-US business ties, but also our overall relations.
The First China-US Strategic Economic Dialogue focused on the Development Road and
Economic Development Strategy of China and the United States. During the second Dialogue, we
discussed key issues concerning China-US business relations. And we are meeting for this round of
the Dialogue to review the current state of these relations in the broader context of economic
globalization and look ahead at their future growth.
The theme for the Dialogue, namely, Seizing the Opportunities of Economic Globalization and
Dealing with the Challenges of Economic Globalization, is of both strategic and practical
significance. It echoes the trend of the current global economic development, addresses key issues of
concern to both China and the United States, and demonstrates our shared desire to resolve
difficulties and problems that have occurred in the course of the rapid growth of bilateral business
ties and deepen China-US cooperation.
54
Under this theme, we will discuss such topics as policy steps to meet challenges posed by
economic globalization, integrity of trade, cooperation on product quality and food safety, balanced
economic development, cooperation on energy and environmental protection, and investment
environment improvement. I am confident that our discussions on both the general theme and
specific topics of the Dialogue will help boost both China-US business ties and the growth of
China-US constructive and cooperative relations.
I wish to take this opportunity to discuss the future growth of our business relations and the
priority areas we need to focus on. .
First, China and the United States are both stakeholders and constructive partners. We
need to fully appreciate the important weight this relationship carries and the fact that
business ties are both the foundation and a key area of the overall China-US relations.
In 1972, when late President Nixon made his first visit to China, our trade was almost
non-existent. By contrast, it is expected to exceed US$ 300 billion. China and the United States are
each other’s second largest trading partners, and China has been the fastest growing export market
for the United States for five consecutive years. We owe such progress to the joint efforts of both
countries, and we salute all the people in both countries who have worked so hard to build strong
business ties between the two countries.
In the course of the rapid growth of China-US business relations, some difficulties and
problems have occurred. This is normal, and these difficulties and problems can only be resolved
through dialogue and consultation. The history of China-US business relations has repeatedly shown
us that it is dialogue and consultation, not confrontation and finger pointing, that have enabled the
relations to grow. We should address issues in our business relations in a constructive way. We
should make joint efforts and adopt comprehensive measures to ease trade imbalance and resolve
disputes so as to further boost our business relations. And this will lay a more solid economic
foundation for growing the relations between China and the Unites States who are both stakeholders
and constructive partners.
Second, we should strengthen strategic mutual trust, enhance mutual understanding and
accommodate each other’s concerns through deepened dialogue and consultation.
Thanks to accelerated economic globalization, the growing China-US business relations
featuring interdependence, mutual benefit and win-win progress have brought our two peoples
increasingly closer to each other. We all hope that both our economies will enjoy sustained growth so
as to create more opportunities to expand cooperation in the interest of our respective development.
This is why we must not allow some interest groups to harm our win-win business relations in
pursuit of their selfish interests. We must oppose attempt to politicize trade issues. Politicizing trade
issues will harm the interests of not just one side, but both sides. I am particularly concerned about
the 50 or so protectionist China-related bills introduced in the US Congress. Secretary Paulson and
other American colleagues, I need to be quite candid about this: If these bills are adopted, they will
severely undermine US business ties with China. I have noticed that the American business
community and public figures with vision have seen the grave consequences of protectionism.
I also wish to draw your attention to a joint letter sent by 160 US multinational corporations and
industry associations to the Congress on 26 September. The American corporations which signed the
letter include high-tech companies such as Intel, Microsoft, IBM and HP, mega retail store chains
such as Wal-Mart and Best Buy, major financial institutions including Citibank, Morgan Stanley,
New York Life and leading American companies like Coco-cola, Procter & Gamble, Chevron and
General Electric. It is emphasized in the letter that US trade sanctions against China would only
cause negative impact rather than a positive one. Obviously, to resort to trade protectionism and
55
blame another country for the structural problems in the US economy is the wrong approach which
would only harm the interest of United States itself.
I also wish to stress that there is enormous potential for further bilateral cooperation in the
fields of environment and energy. We need to expand areas of cooperation and make new progress in
them. As to China-US trade imbalance, I have repeatedly stated that China has no intention to seek
large trade surplus with the United States. Our policy is to maintain a basic balance in international
payments. To address China-US trade imbalance requires the concerted efforts of both sides.
Secretary Paulson, the Third round of Strategic Economic Dialogue carries special significance
as it is being held at an important stage in our business relations. I hope that through this Dialogue,
we will gain a better understanding of the impact of economic globalization on our respective
economies, and make major progress on specific issues on the agenda of the Dialogue. This will help
us narrow differences and mitigate problems in our business relations, fully implement the
agreement between the two presidents on the SED and grow our business relations to the benefit of
our two peoples. In conclusion, I wish the Third China-US Strategic Economic Dialogue every
success!
第八单元
口译记忆的技巧
口译主题：经贸合作
二、技能训练
Text 1
China’s Growing Trade Surplus
China’s trade surplus with the rest of the world just keeps on growing. While it means the
country is being flooded with cash, it’s also causing the government a number of headaches.
The surplus for September jumped fifty six per cent on the previous year to almost twenty four
billion dollars. The surplus wouldn’t be so big if Chinese consumers bought more goods from
overseas but the rising middle class has been slow to spend its new found wealth.
Some lawmakers in America say that the reason that China’s exports are so inexpensive is
because the currency, the Yuan, is undervalued. They’d like to tax Chinese goods entering America
to make them more expensive in the hope of protecting American manufacturers, although that
wouldn’t go down well with American shoppers who have grown used to falling prices courtesy of
Chinese factories.
Text 2
World Trade Organisation Meets in Geneva
The biggest commercial powers among developed and developing nations have sent trade
ministers here. They are trying to agree the extent to which they will reduce barriers to trade in
industrial and farm goods.
The underlying objective is to make international commerce easier and cheaper and to boost
incomes around the world. If they do reach an agreement in the next few days, it will just be an
outline however. It would give an indication of how far the trade liberalisation would go but they
would still have a heavy workload in negotiating detailed tariff cuts, product by product.
There are also other contentious areas to settle, notably trade in services such as
56
telecommunications and banking, which the ministers are not even due to discuss in the next few
days. Campaign groups have criticised the way these meetings are organised. Much of the business
will be done by about 30 key ministers, around a fifth of the membership.
Critics say that works to the disadvantage of those countries not included, especially the smaller
developing countries. Trade officials say, however, that groups, such as the least developed or
African nations, are represented by ministers who consult the countries on whose behalf they speak.
Text 3 AGOA Forum Highlights US-African Trade
Vineyard attributes the rise, in part, to the African Growth and Opportunity Act, a US law
signed by President Bill Clinton in 2000 to encourage trade between the US and sub-Saharan Africa.
Vineyard says trade ministers from countries across the continent are meeting with representatives
from the United States on Wednesday and Thursday in Ghana to discuss in detail how to improve
trade conditions on the continent. //
“We are hopeful that by having these kind of practical how-to discussions, that it will enable
and empower more policy makers to be able to deal with these issues; it will create greater
awareness amongst the private sector and civil society about how to help those companies improve
their ability to get into the US market.” Vineyard says topics for discussion will include enhancing
production capacity, creating access to financing, developing infrastructure, and working on quality
control. //
The largest category of African exports to the US is by far oil and petroleum products, leading
some African activists to criticize AGOA as not really benefiting most Africans. The program head at
the Ghana-based non-governmental organization Third World Network Africa, Tetteh Hormeku, says
AGOA has not changed the basic structure of trade between the United States and Africa where
African countries export commodities and the US sells processed goods back to them. “If you are
looking at whether or not AGOA has really helped restructure African economies, which by and
large are dependent on agricultural products, then AGOA has not helped.” Hormeku notes also that
most of the oil produced in Africa is extracted by foreign companies. He says AGOA requirements
forbid African governments from subsidizing farmers even though the US government subsidizes its
own agricultural sector. //
But Dinah Koney, a small businesswoman in Ghana whose company makes and sells wood
handicrafts in Ghana and overseas, says she sees hope in the Forum’s theme－“As trade grows,
Africa prospers.” “As our products are able to sell on the American market then we tend to employ
more people back home to do the production," "And these people also have families that they care
for, so there is that flow that people are able to take care of their families and it helps Africa in
general.”//
Koney says African companies need to produce at greater capacity in order to take advantage of
AGOA’s incentives. "You should be able to get your products to them in good time, the quality
should be the same.But if you are going to take about three months to produce an order, then it does
not make sense. It is not profitable for them. Then they tend to look outside Africa." Currently 39
countries in sub-Saharan Africa meet the conditions to qualify for special treatment under AGOA.//
Text 4
Address to the Sixth Ministerial Conference of WTO by Donald Tsang, Chief
Executive of Hong Kong SAR
First of all, I wish to extend to you a warm Hong Kong welcome, to all of you. Hong Kong,
China is deeply honoured to be the host of the Sixth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade
57
Organisation. //
This week, under this very roof, we have a once-in-a-generation opportunity to enhance the
existing international trading environment; to generate wealth on a broader and deeper scale globally;
and, most important of all, to help alleviate the pain of poverty for millions of people living in the
poorer parts of this world. I am pleased that Hong Kong, China is today at the centre of this
admirable enterprise. //
I cannot emphasise strongly enough the importance of the WTO. It is the only international
organization that deals with the rules of trade between economies. It is the rules-based forum at
which 149 Member Economies negotiate agreements and resolve disputes over trade issues.
The WTO is also a powerful force in countering the currents of protectionism and
discrimination which are responsible to a large extent for the economic hardship suffered by less
wealthy and less well-endowed economies. And, ultimately, the WTO is a key component in the
global effort to attain the United Nations’ Millennium Goal of Development in tackling the scourge
of poverty and hunger.
Nor can I overemphasise the importance of the WTO to Hong Kong. As a small,
externally-oriented economy with no natural resources other than a magnificent deepwater port,
Hong Kong has relied on free trade and an entrepreneurial and hardworking population to transform
this once sleepy fishing village into an international and regional business hub.
So I urge you to take some time during the next few days, and after the conference if you can,
to look around our great city. You will see why President Bill Clinton once described Hong Kong as
“Exhibit A” in the case for global interdependence and its benefits. //
As a free trader, our support for the multilateral trading system is unconditional. And it goes
back a long way. We became a separate contracting party to the General Agreement on Tariffs and
Trade in 1986. We were a founding Member of the WTO in 1995. Our Membership did not change
after the reunification in 1997. Indeed, Hong Kong’s continued participation in the WTO, and in
international trade agreements under the name “Hong Kong, China”, is enshrined in the Basic Law,
the constitution of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. We treasure the certainty,
protection and benefits that the WTO brings to our economy and community.
We offered to host this Sixth WTO Ministerial Conference because we recognized that it would
become a key staging post to the successful conclusion of the multilateral trade negotiations under
the Doha Development Agenda. We want to play our part in the collective effort to realize the
ambitions of the Round. We regard the WTO Members’ acceptance of our offer as a recognition of
our contribution to the multilateral trading system, and an acknowledgement of our competence as a
world city in handling whatever challenges that may arise from the Ministerial Conference. //
We in Hong Kong are determined to make this important event a success. Secretary John Tsang
is committed to creating an environment of comfort for all delegates to conduct negotiations freely,
frankly and constructively in the coming days. He has travelled the globe taking part in many of the
key meetings which have paved the way for the negotiations that will take place over the next few
days.
Thousands of men and women in our community—civil servants, legislators, district
councillors, NGO members, business leaders, service providers, volunteers, and citizens of Hong
Kong — have been working tirelessly since the WTO accepted our offer to host this Conference two
years ago. We have a common objective: we want to stage a Conference that is well organized,
transparent, inclusive, and above all, efficient. The fruits of this community-wide endeavour are now
before you. //
Ladies and gentlemen, we are at an historic juncture. Trade liberalization and economic growth
58
is a permanent goal for all of us as WTO Members. While I acknowledge that in some parts of the
world this goal is seen as a threat rather than an opportunity, the negotiations under the Doha
Development Agenda must press ahead. We must vigorously defend the integrity and effectiveness
of the multilateral trading system.
This Conference is a golden opportunity for us to demonstrate our collective resolve to improve
the lives of peoples throughout the world through progressive trade liberalization. That is what we
committed ourselves to do when the Round was launched four years ago in Doha.
This week, all eyes are on Hong Kong. As host and Chair of the Conference, we will do our
utmost to bring about a successful outcome. But we cannot do it ourselves. We are relying on your
support and commitment to accomplish this mission. I am sure it will be forthcoming. Thank you. //
信息框架：
1． Welcome
2． Golden opportunity
a) to enhance the existing international trading environment
b) to generate wealth on a broader and deeper scale
c) to help alleviate the pain of poverty of people
4. Importance of WTO:
a) The only international institution dealing with trading issues
b) A rule-based forum for 149 members
c) Powerful force to fight against protectionism and discrimination
4. Importance of WTO to Hong Kong
a) no natural resources
b) rely on free trade and entrepreneurial and hardworking population
5. Hong Kong’s support for free trade
Practices: a member of GATT; founding member of WTO; commitments are enshrined in Basic
Law
6. Hong Kong’s efforts to play host
a) Secretary John Tsang: take part in key conferences and pave way for negotiations
b) community-wide: all walks of life join in to contribute
7. Trade liberalization
8. Commitment from all
三、对话口译
Text 5
电子商务
Liu Fang: Mr. Smith, as an expert working in the computing and telecommunications industry
for over 10 years, can you explain what e-commerce is and its advantage?
史密斯先生：电子商务就是应用最佳的通信和计算机技术进行交易。我认为它与传统交
易相比，最大的优势就是更高效。其交易成本能大大降低，而且交易速度也更快。所有这些
都对生产力有极大促进，因而对整个经济都大有好处。
Liu Fang: In China, as we understand, e-commerce is for example that if someone wants to
buy a TV, he’ll send messages online to get others join him. In this way they can buy as a whole with
a discount. Or in another example, two companies that have never had any business contact before,
get to know each other through a website. After exchanging business information online, they finally
59
conclude a business transaction. Is this the e-commerce by our side?
史密斯先生：是的。我想另外一个好处就是，任何一个公司，不管它多小，都可以把产
品发布到网上。而在老体制下，小公司与大公司相比可能处于劣势。在网上，大小公司平起
平坐，因为网络人人可用。这就给小公司带来了许多机遇。
Liu Fang: It is true that e-commerce have brought many opportunities to SMEs. However, they
may not be able to invest enough capital in the R&D and the application of technology, which more
or less will affect the result of their on-line business. Can you provide any good experience and
specific examples in your country?
史密斯先生：可以。这一直是我们关注的重要问题。实际上，我们特别在这一领域设立
了一些目标。我们所做的就是对投入应用信息通信技术的小公司给与税收信贷。因为我们发
现，大公司在应用信息通讯技术方面行动很迅速，而小公司却步伐较慢，所以我们想在税收
制度上给与激励，使他们动作快一些。我认为，这种做法很成功，我们估计去年约有 50 万家
小公司开展在线贸易。可见更多的小公司适应在线业务，这很好。
Liu Fang: Under the dual-pressure of the global economic slowdown and the slugguish capital
market, many high-tech companies are in difficulties and some even collapsed. How would this
affect the development of e-commerce in your opinion?
史密斯先生：我想在这些方面可能会有些危险，肯定会有；有些问题需要予以解决。但
是，索然目前资本市场面临困境，而全球经济也有其不确定性，我们还是看到在信息通讯技
术和电子商务领域不断的取得进展。因此，我认为我们可以继续保持乐观，但需要留意一些
潜在的隐患。
Liu Fang: As China is at the beginning stage of e-commerce, the business ethics environment
is yet to be improved. What can we learn from you in rotecting privacy and security?
史密斯先生：这些也是我们面对的问题。我们确实有数据资料保护的立法。我们认为，
美国存在重大危险，因为政府越来越多地干预正在发生的事。因为这可能会意外地抑制许多
交易，从而危害市场。所以，我们尽最大可能控制管理程度，确保我们在技术领域里的改革
和创新不会受到阻碍或者损害。
四、篇章口译
1. 汉译英译文
Text 6
Address to Investment Promotion Conference of the Lao PDR
Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,
Good morning!
On the grand occasion when the fifth China-Asian Expo “Investment Promotion Conference of
the Lao PDR” is held, on behalf of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, I would like to express
my congratulations to its opening,; to the distinguished guests and friends present, I would like to
express royal welcome and sincere greeting! //
Laos is China’s friendly neighbouring country, the traditional friendship between the two
people has a long history. Entering the new century, guided by the principles of “long-term
stabilization, good neighbourly friendliness, mutual trust, comprehensive co-operation”, the
China-Laos relations have been developing in a healthy and stable manner. // The trade cooperation
between the two sides has developed in different levels and in multi-fields. The cooperation in trade,
investment and labor service has been expanding year on year.
60
With such good background, the cooperation between Guangxi and Lao has also entered a new
phase of comprehensive development.Guangxi attaches great importance to developing business and
economic cooperation with Lao. The two sides have strong complementarity in economic structure,
industrial structure and resource structure grade, which implies great potential for our cooperation. //
Not long ago, as the “Guangxi Beibu Bay Economic Region Development Project” gained the
approval of the state government, China-ASIAN Expo develop into an important platform for
regional economic cooperation, and Guangxi is embracing a precious historical opportunity in its
opening to the outside world and economic development. // Guangxi passed the Decision to
Implement the Three-Year Scheme Of Scientific Development, putting in priority the development
of industry, the development of transportation and the development of Gangxi Beibu Bay Economic
Region. // In the following 5 years, Guangxi will give first rank to the development of industry, to
realize in 2012 the total industrial output value of 1.6 trillion yuan. // In the following 5 years,
Guangxi will invest over 300 billion Yuan to fuel a new surge of transportation construction, to make
Guangxi a hub of transportation connecting China’s traffic network to ASEAN countries. // In the
following 5 years, we will build Guangxi Beibu Bay Economic Region into a logistic depot, a
business and trade base, a processing manufacturing base and an information exchange hub and
make it into an important regional economic cooperation region with high degree of opening, strong
radial force and booming economy. //
Ladies and gentlemen,I am sure that through the promotion conference as well as joint efforts
of our two governments and entrepreneurs, the trade co-operation between the two sides will reap
more plentiful and substantial fruits. In the end, I sincerely wish the Investment Promotion
Conference a complete success! Thank you!
2. 英译汉译文
Text 7
世界银行集团罗伯特 • B. 佐利克行长在 2008 年国际货币基金组织和世界银行年会开
幕式记者招待会上的讲话
感谢大家今天来参加这个会议。我们的会议是在一个重要时刻召开的。我曾经在 7 月份
举行的八国集团会议上说，发展中国家正面临着高涨的食品和燃料价格的影响造成的双重危
机。然而，当时的双重危机目前已经变成了三重危机—食品、燃料以及金融，它们不仅可能
会击垮最贫困的人口，而且还可能让他们不得翻身。
对许多发展中国家来说，9 月份发生的事件可能是颠覆性的。出口下降将导致投资减少。
与货币紧缩相伴随的恶化的融资条件将导致企业倒闭，并可能造成银行业危机。有些国家将
会陷入国际收支危及。
根据世界银行经济工作人员的暂时预测，发展中国家明年的增长率可能会从 6.6%（我们
4 月份的预测）下降到现在的接近 4%。这仍然是个可观的增长率。然而，人们可能会因为经
济减速很快而感到好像陷入了衰退。另外，许多国家的情况可能会比这个总体平均水平糟得
多。这可能成为一个严重的打击。
过去数周以来，人们关注的重点是金融援救计划的规模以及对“主街”的影响。全世界
到处都有“主街”。我们必须使目光超越金融援救而落在人类援救上。
已经有大约 28 个国家在财政上受到食品和燃料双重冲击的严重影响。目前看来，这些国
家一般都不会获得新增加的项目和方案援助。七国集团仍然远远没有实现它们在鹰谷峰会上
作出的承诺。不能要求最贫困国家付出最大的代价。对贫困人口来说，危机的代价可能会持
续终生。
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短期的经济冲击会给儿童造成长期的后果。许多人永远不会完全痊愈。我们估计，由于
高涨的食品价格，营养不良的人口数量今年将增加 4400 万，对其中的儿童来说，这意味着永
远不能重新获得的失去的潜力。我们不能让一场金融危机变成一场人类危机。
5 月份，世界银行集团成立了一个 12 亿美元的特别融资基金，以便快速援助最脆弱、受
食品危机打击最严重的国家。我们目前已经安排了其中的 8.5 亿美元。我感到很高兴的是，澳
大利亚已经宣布为该基金作出 5000 万澳元的承诺。然而，我们还需要更多的承诺。
我还敦促欧洲的捐助者支持巴罗佐（Barroso）总统的提议，即提供 10 亿欧元以援助受全
球食品危机严重影响的国家的贫困人口和小农户。
我们还必须努力保护可贵的发展成果，尤其是那些因冲击而偏离轨道的国家。为此，世
行将再为受到费、古斯塔夫、汉娜和艾克飓风的破坏性影响的海地提供 2500 万美元的紧急赠
款。
我在星期一强调说，我们必须实现多边工作和市场的现代化以解决这些危机。显然没有
解决这场危机的灵丹妙药。它首先是由坏债和缺乏有关银行将怎样和何时核销这些贷款以使
市场重新有效运作的信息引发的。而现在则是由信心不足引发的。
展望明天，我希望七国集团会议将提出协调的行动方向，以表明当局的考虑超越了目前
的动荡。各国将根据它们的具体情况采取不同的行动。然而，它们的行动必须针对同样的基
本问题。它们的行动必须是一致的和相互加强的，就像本周世界各国的中央银行消减利率一
样。所有这些行动都将需要一定的时间来发挥作用。
随着经济大国的不断崛起，七国集团可以通过解决坏债、调整银行资本、以及提供非常
必要的流动性来度过这场危机。它们必须联合起来，一道修理失灵的金融管理和监督系统。
我们还需要七国集团和不断崛起的利益相关者帮助最脆弱的国家—在严峻时期没有缓冲
条件支持的滑向边缘的较贫困的发展中国家，以及最贫困的人口。
造成失灵的不断变化的环境将越来越多地取决于世界经济的变化。正如相互联系使危机
变成了国际性的一样，有关的行动和改革措施必须是多边性的。谢谢。
3．汉译英译文
Text 8 Address by Vice Premier Wang Qishan at the Opening Ceremony of the Fifth
China-ASEAN Business and Investment Summit, Nanning, Guangxi, October 22, 2008
Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends,
On behalf of the Chinese Government, I wish to extend a warm welcome to the leaders of
ASEAN countries and all the guests at the meeting.
Governments of China and ASEAN countries all give high priority to developing friendly
relations and mutually-beneficial cooperation between the two sides. Since the First China-ASEAN
Expo (CAEXPO) and China-ASEAN Business and Investment Summit (CABIS) in 2004, our two
sides have made great efforts to advance the building of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area. We
have signed and put into effect the agreements on trade in goods and services, lowered tariff duties
and expanded market access, deepened sub-regional economic cooperation in the Greater Mekong
River Basin and East ASEAN Growth Area, and promoted trade and investment facilitation. The
trade volume between China and ASEAN increased from US$ 105.9 billion in 2004 to US$ 202.5
billion in 2007, attaining the trade target of US$ 200 billion set by our leaders three years ahead of
schedule. During the first nine months of this year, our two-way trade volume reached US$ 180.4
billion, up by 23% over the same period of last year and making China and ASEAN each other's
fourth largest trading partner. Our mutual investment is expanding. While ASEAN makes
62
considerable amount of investment in China, the investment of Chinese businesses in ASEAN is
growing rapidly. With all the 10 ASEAN countries becoming tourist destinations of Chinese citizens,
mutual visits between our peoples have become even more frequent. As a result, China-ASEAN
cooperation in various fields has shown good momentum of growth featuring equality, mutual trust,
mutual benefit and win-win progress.
China and ASEAN countries are all at a stage of fast economic growth. We are connected by
the same mountains and rivers. We share similar cultures and have much to offer each other
economically. This has given us a solid foundation and huge potential for closer cooperation. Amidst
the rising uncertainties and destabilizing factors in the world economy, continued expansion of the
financial crisis in the United States and increased volatility in the international financial market, the
global economic growth has markedly slowed down, causing a severe impact on the Asian region. In
face of such unprecedented challenges, it is of special importance to accelerate China-ASEAN
cooperation. With this in mind, I wish to make the following proposals on strengthening
China-ASEAN business cooperation:
1. Deepen cooperation in trade and investment. The two sides need to further deepen
cooperation in trade in goods and services, continue to strengthen communication and consultation
on the Investment Agreement of China-ASEAN Free Trade Area, work to conclude negotiations and
sign the agreement at an early date and ensure that China-ASEAN Free Trade Area will be
established as scheduled. The Chinese Government will encourage and support companies to
increase their investment in ASEAN countries and facilitate the building of economic and trade
cooperation zones in ASEAN countries.
2. Step up sub-regional cooperation. As an active supporter of ASEAN economic integration,
China is working with countries concerned to jointly promote the transition of the Greater Mekong
Subregion from a transport corridor to an economic corridor and explore ways to carry out economic
cooperation in the Pan-Beibu Bay. The Chinese Government will support the accelerated opening-up
and development of Beibu Bay Economic Zone and turn it into a new area of growth for
China-ASEAN cooperation.
3. Improve cooperation mechanisms. We should give better play to the role of the existing
communication and cooperation mechanisms, continue to do a good job in hosting the CAEXPO and
the CABIS and promote exchanges and dialogue at various levels and in various fields. We should
encourage intermediary agencies to provide services for cooperation between companies from the
two sides, in particular those facilitating more effective cooperation between small and
medium-sized companies.
4. Jointly respond to challenges. To follow the trend of economic globalization and strengthen
regional economic cooperation will help us better seize development opportunities and meet major
challenges. China will step up coordination and cooperation with ASEAN countries in finance,
energy, environmental protection, food security and other fields with a responsible attitude to jointly
promote the steady and sound economic and financial growth of the region.
Ladies and gentlemen, friends, this year is a challenging year for China. In spite of the complex
changes in the international situation and the unexpected difficulties at home, we have maintained
fast economic growth and financial security and stability, won a major victory in our battle against
63
the devastating Wenchuan earthquake, successfully hosted the Beijing Olympic and Paralympic
Games and completed the Shenzhou 7 manned space flight mission with flying colors. These
achievements speak volume for the solid national strength China has accumulated in the past thirty
years of reform and opening-up. On the whole, the fundamentals of the Chinese economy remain
unchanged and macro control and regulation is producing expected results. In the first three quarters
of this year, China's GDP grew by 9.9% year on year and the commodity price rise has slowed down
in recent months. The most important task for us now is to manage our own things well. The Chinese
Government has taken and will continue to take measures to meet external challenges, and work to
ensure economic stability, financial stability and the stability of the capital market. We have the
confidence, conditions and capabilities to overcome any difficulty or challenge.
China's development will bring more opportunities to countries in the world, especially our
neighbors. We will remain committed to the socialist path with distinctive Chinese features, fully
apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, speed up the transformation of the mode of economic
growth, readjust macro economic policies in a flexible and prudent manner, and work to boost
domestic demand, consumption demand in particular. We will not only focus on the speed of
development but also pay attention to the pattern, quality and efficiency of such development so as
to bring about sustained, stable and fast economic growth. China will continue to push forward
reform and opening-up, follow a win-win strategy of opening-up, promote trade and investment
liberalization and facilitation, and oppose protectionism in all manifestations. We will continue to
pursue peaceful development, adhere to the principle of building amicable relationship and
partnership with our neighbors, enhance good-neighborly, friendly and practical cooperation with
our neighboring countries, and contribute to the common development of the region through our
own development.
As the host of the CAEXPO and the CABIS, Guangxi is uniquely positioned to play an
important role in promoting China-ASEAN cooperation. I hope that our Chinese and ASEAN
friends from all sectors can make full use of this platform to strengthen exchanges, increase mutual
understanding and enhance fruitful cooperation, and make new contribution to China-ASEAN
business cooperation and China-ASEAN strategic partnership.
I wish the China-ASEAN Expo and the China-ASEAN Business and Investment Summit a
complete success.
Thank you.
第九单元
言语类型分析
口译主题：体育
二、技能训练
Text 1
Tony Blair’s Speech for London’s Bid of 2012 Olympic Games
(Excerpt)
64
It is a unique honour to act as Host City. I also understand it is an honour which comes with a
great responsibility—and which requires the highest levels of cooperation with the IOC.
My promise to you is that we will be your very best partners.
All of us who have made guarantees to you are ready to deliver on them now. On security, on
finance,on every single undertaking we have given.
If you award London the Games, I pledge to you personally we will continue to give the highest
level of support to Seb Coe and Keith Mills as they lead the Organising Committee, backed up by
our Olympic Minister Tessa Jowell.
My entire Government—and the main Opposition parties too—are united behind this bid. It has
total political support.
It is the nation’s bid. It has excited people throughout the country. More than three million have
already volunteered their support. And that support goes beyond our shores too.
We were honoured to receive the endorsement of the most inspiring statesman of our age:
Nelson Mandela. He said this: “I can’t think of a better place than London to hold an event that
unites the world. London will inspire young people around the world and ensure that the Olympic
Games remain the dream for future generations.”
Those words remind us that as leaders, in government or sport, we have a duty to reach beyond
our own time and borders. To have a vision which serves those who come after us.
Our vision is to see millions more young people—in Britain and across the world—
participating in sport, and improving their lives as a result of that participation.
And London has the power to make that happen. It is a city with a voice that talks to young
people.
With more than 1,000 foreign media correspondents based here, it is a city with a voice that is
heard all around the world.
It is that unique combination of strengths which London offers—a global platform for the
Olympic message to young people.
Not just for the 17 days of the competition, but for the years leading up to the Games, and
beyond.
Text 2
Ms. Yang Lan’s Presentation in Beijing’s Bid for 2008 Olympic Games
Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen,
Good afternoon!
Before I introduce our cultural programs, let me tell you one thing first about 2008. You’re
going to have a great time in Beijing. //
Many people are fascinated by China’s sport legends in history. For example back to <the>
Song Dynasty, which was the 11th century, people in our country started to play a game called Cuju,
which is regarded as the origin of ancient football. The game was so popular that women were also
participating. So now you will probably understand why our women’s football team does so well
today.
There are a lot more wonderful and exciting things waiting for you in the new Beijing, a
modern metropolis with 3,000 years of cultural treasures woven into the urban tapestry. Along with
the iconic imagery of the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven and the Great Wall, the city also
offers an endless mixture of theatres, museums, discos, all kinds of restaurants and shopping malls
65
which will amaze you and delight you. //
But beyond all that, this is a city of millions of friendly people who love to meet people from
around the world. They believe if the 2008 Olympics is held in Beijing, it will help to enhance the
harmony between our culture and the diverse cultures of the world. And they guarantee, their
gratitude will pour out in open expressions of affection for you and the great movement that you
guide.
Within our cultural programs, education and communication will receive the highest priority.
We seek to create an intellectual and sporting legacy by broadening the understanding of the
Olympic Ideals throughout the country.
Cultural events will unfold each year, from 2005 to 2008. We will stage multi-disciplined
cultural programs, including concerts, exhibitions, art competitions and camps which will involve
young people from around the world. During the Olympics, these activities will also be held in the
Olympic Village and in the city for the benefit of the athletes.
Our Ceremonies will give China’s greatest-and the world’s greatest-artists a chance to celebrate
the common aspirations of humanity and the unique heritage of Chinese culture and that of the
Olympic movement. //
With a concept inspired by the famed Silk Road, our torch relay will break new ground,
traveling from Olympia through some of the oldest civilizations known to man-Greek, Roman,
Egyptian, Byzantine, Mesopotamian, Persian, Arabian, Indian and Chinese. Carrying the message
“Share the Peace, Share the Olympics”, the eternal flame will reach new heights as it crosses the
Himalayas over the world’s highest summit - Mount Qomolangma, which is known to many of you
as Mt. Everest. In China, the torch will pass through Tibet, cross the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers,
travel the Great Wall and visit Hong Kong, Macao Taiwan and the 56 ethnic communities who make
up our society. On its journey, the flame will be seen by and inspire more human beings than any
previous relay. //
I am afraid I can not give you the full picture of our cultural programs within such a short
period of time. Before I end, let me share with you one story. Seven hundred years ago, amazed by
his incredible description of a far away land of great beauty, people asked Marco Polo whether his
stories about China were true. And Marco answered: What I have told you was not even half of what
I saw. Actually, what we have shown you here today is only a fraction of Beijing that awaits you.
Ladies and gentlemen, I believe that Beijing will prove to be a land of wonders to all of you, to
athletes, spectators and the worldwide television audience alike. Come and join us.
Thank you, Mr. President. Thank you all. //
信息框架:
1．2008: a great time for all
(论辩说服型)
2. Sports legend (Cuju)
a) Time: 11th century
b) Origin of ancient football
c) Participants: men and women
(叙述型)
3. Mixture of past and present
a) Architecture: Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, theatres, museums, etc.
b) Friendly people who love to meet people from the world
c) Enhance harmony between Chinese culture and diverse cultures from the world.
(描述型)
4. Cultural program
66
a) Focus on education and communication
b) From 2005-2008, multi-disciplined cultural programs will be staged.
c) Events like concerts, exhibitions, art competitions and camps
d) Ceremony－a chance for artists
5. Torch relay covers major ancient nations along silk road.
6. Macro Polo: a fraction of the larger picture
Text 3
(描述型)
(描述型)
(对比论证型)
J. A. Samaranch’s Opening Remarks at the Sydney Olympic Games
(Excerpt)
G’day Sydney G’day Australia!
Yes, the Olympic Games are back down under!
Tonight we are gathered together to celebrate the Games of the new millennium, the athletes’
Games, a unique tradition that can trace its origins back over 2,500 years to ancient Olympia.
Welcome to the athletes of the world!
Welcome to 28 International Sports Federations and 199 national Olympic Committees!
Our gratitude must go:
·to the people and government of Australia, New South Wales, Sydney and all other
communities involved, for their friendly welcome and hospitality;
·to Sydney 2000 also for the excellent preparation of the Games;
·to the Australian Olympic Committee for its dedication to Olympics;
·to the thousands of volunteers for their exceptional services. You volunteers have made the
Games possible. Thank you.
·to the mass media for their contribution to presenting the Games to the world;
·and also to our partners and sponsors for their support and their belief in the Olympic ideal;
·to all of you, sport-loving spectators and television viewers around the world.
Finally I would like to express our respect to all those who have made Australia what it is today
－a great country, with special tribute to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
The Olympic Games are unique. They unify men of all origins and creed. The contribution of
sport for the understanding and unity of our society is extraordinary. Sport and the Olympic
movement is [are] also an essential part of education, which is the real wealth of any country in the
world.
To all athletes of the world, good luck!
And also I would like to thank Dawn Fraser for being with me this evening.
Now I have the honour of inviting the Governor General of Australia to proclaim the Games of
the XXVII Olympiad in Sydney, the Games of the new millennium open.
三、对话口译
Text 4
BOCOG/IOC Joint Press Conference, August 18, 2008
Sun Weide: Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to today’s BOCOG/IOC Joint Press Conference.
We are joined today by Mr. Wang Wei, the Executive Cice President and Secretary General of
BOCOG; and also Giselle Davies, IOC Director of Communications.
First of all, I would like to give the floor to Mr. Wang Wei.
Wang Wei: Ladies and gentlemen, good morning. Have a good day today. First a general
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overview of the Games operations for August 17th. On the 9th day of the Olympic Games, there
were a total of 24 competition events staged in 24 venues including 19 in Beijing and 5 in 2 co-host
cities. The competition venues received 3,792 athletes, 4,830 team officials, 542 participating teams
as well as 4,704 technical officials, 558,452 spectators, 15,780 VIPS, 13,408 journalists.
For events completed so far, on August 17, the competition of badminton, fencing, shooting,
rowing, tennis and Greece-Roman wrestling were completed. So far, a total of 11 competitions have
been successfully concluded. The football matches in the co-host cities of Tianjin, Shenyang and
Qinhuangdao have also been completed. August 18 will see the conclusion of track cycling,
gymnastics, trampoline, triathlon and weight lifting.
Update for August 18: The 10th day of the Olympic Games will see 22 competition events. A
total of 18 gold medals will be awarded today. Thank you.
Sun Weide: Thank you, Mr. Wang Wei. I would like to give the floor to Giselle.
Giselle Davies：谢谢，伟德。有两条新消息。截止到目前，我们已经完成了 3,667 项药检，
其中有 2,905 个尿样和 762 个血液检查。罗格主席将到香港去观看马术比赛，然后去青岛，周
三回到北京。谢谢！
Sun Weide: Thank you, Giselle. Now the floor is open for questions. Before you raise your
questions, we would appreciate if you could stand up just for the convenience of our broadcasters.
美联社英国分部记者：想问一下，男子 100 米决赛的药检结果是否出来了，结果是什么
样的？
Giselle Davies：我理解有很多记者都希望问这个问题，我请大家理解的是药检团队每天都
要进行 200 到 350 项药检，他们 24 小时连续工作，每天要做大量的工作，因此我没有办法跟
你讲清楚所有这些药检抽样的检测需要多长时间。如果我们没有在这里向大家报告药检违规
情况，就表明到现在为止没有发生这样的情况。我们要按照规定的程序完成所有的检测。药
检团队做出决定之后，我们会保持透明，向大家详细地介绍情况，目前没有办法向大家提供
具体的情况。
BBC 记者：我想问男子关于鞋子的问题。一个运动员赛完 100 米比赛后把脚举起脱鞋。
我想彪马公司一定非常高兴，因为赛后乌赛恩·博尔特让超过二十亿的观众都看到了他们的
产品标识和鞋子。但阿迪达斯是不是也会很高兴我就不清楚了。我想知道你们是否会建议运
动员在两百米比赛的时候，不要也把鞋子脱下来。
Giselle Davies：谢谢你提的问题。奥运会是干净的运动会，我们要保持这样的精神。到目
前为止，关于星期六晚上那场赛事，我们没有接到任何的抱怨，我会继续关注的；如果有新
的情况会告诉你。
西雅图时报记者：我的问题提给王伟先生，有关奥林匹克公园的事情，人们怎样才能进
入奥林匹克公园，怎么样申请，门票是不是免费的，允许进入奥林匹克公园的人数是不是有
限制？你能不能同时介绍尚未使用的门票的情况，是否有 VIP 或其家庭成员或者其他人还未
使用的票？
Wang Wei: Thank you for your question. It is mainly the Community Civilization Service
Office’s responsiblity to organize the visit to the central park of the Olympic Green. This is helpful
for us to control the flow of people inside the Olympic Green. Recently, the number has come up
quite much. If the citizens want to enter into the Olympic Green, they can apply to the local offices
for the tickets which are all free. As far as the foreigners are concerned, they can apply to the tourist
agencies and the hotels where they stay. Recently, there are not many tickets available for the hotels.
We are planning to increase the number of tickets reserved for the hotels. We are dealing with the
issue in an organized manner. The track and field has started. And the number of people in Olympic
Green is controlled by the relevant authorities.
As far as the tickets are concerned, we have no unused tickets. All the tickets are sold. Of
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course, there are certain emergency tickets. This is also the standard practice. There are a limited
number of the emergency tickets, roughly 2%, cattered all over the venues. If an accident takes place
in a certain venue, these tickets are used. These tickets must be reserved and we don’t have any other
tickets.
第四频道记者：早上好，Giselle。很高兴又见到你。我注意到在很多主要街道、商店甚至
一直到厕所，好多商标名称被遮住了，这真是一个大工程。我听说这是因为这些名字和商标
不是赞助商的。请问 Gisselle, 花这么大力气，把这些不听话的名称被遮住，是因为它们没有
赞助奥运会，惯例是这样吗？请问王伟先生，在本届奥运会是谁做出这样的决定？
Giselle Davies：你大概是空闲时间很多，可以到处去转。我也去过这家酒店的洗手间，我
没有注意到有这种名称被遮住的情况。我回去后再查看一下。我们有很多赞助商和合作伙伴，
说实话，如果没有他们，我们根本来不到这里。由于有他们的支持和提供资金，奥运会才能
举行，新闻媒体也是一样。但是你问我的是一个关于公司和品牌的一个单独的、很细节的问
题。
当然我们也有些保护措施来保护赞助商和合作伙伴的投资项目。你现在的问题针对的就
是十分微观的例子，我不知道也不了解详细的情况。让我再看看那些洗手间的情况再回复你。
Wang Wei: Giselle answered for me already. Some companies are too enthusiatic about
protecting the right of the right holders and sometimes they may over do it. That is possible. Actually,
during the six or seven years of preparation, we have experienced a lot of similar cases. So some
people are very proactive and they use a lot of Olympic names and logos. They think they are
supportive, but actually they may not have the right to do so. We have to find an appropriate way so
as not to dampen their enthusiasm, and at the same time protect the right of our right holders. That is
a very delicate issue for China, because in China, the whole nation is behind the Games, and people
may not know what exactly they should do and what approach they should take.
Sun Weide: That brings us to the end of this press conference. And if there are no major events,
our next press conference will be this coming Wednesday and Friday morning, 11:15 a.m. We are
always available on the news desk of MPC and also we would be happy to you on the phone. Thank
you very much.
四、篇章口译
1. 英译汉译文
Text 5
2008 奥林匹克科学大会开幕式上国际残奥会主席菲利普·克雷文的致辞，2008 年 8
月1日
在过去十年中，残疾人的体育运动发生了令人注目的变化。我有信心，相信将来残疾人
的体育运动甚至会有更多改变。
国际残奥会的目标是“让残疾人运动员赢取优异成绩，让全世界都感到鼓舞和激励。”该
目标表现了所有运动员在赢取卓越体育成绩的道路上，从开始接受训练到成为优秀运动员的
奋斗历程。
公众的意识增强了。当越来越多的各年龄阶段的残疾人对体育深感兴趣时，各种形式的
项目和机会在范围和数量上已得到增长。总的来说，残疾人已经可以参与到体育之中。中国
就是一个极好的例子，不但中国残疾人运动员将在一个月后的北京残奥会上参赛，而且中国
的残疾人参加体育运动的人数也越来越多。
从上世纪七十年代初开始，研究表明残疾人进一步参加体育运动的兴趣正逐渐增强。体
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育科学因此在残疾人运动中逐步得到应用。
1993 年，VISTA1993 大会成功召开。在此次会议上，国际残奥会成立了体育科学委员会，
承认了体育科学在残疾人运动发展知识上的价值。我们现在可以看到在过去十年中在这方面
取得的众多进步。
可是，在广州举行的这次大会聚集了如此多的专家学者，我想借此机会阐明残疾人运动
在体育科学方面所面临的一些较为突出的挑战。
目前，残疾人运动员根据他们的伤残程度划分等级。这个过程被称为“分级”，它确保了
公平竞争，这与体育运动中传统使用的根据体重、性别或年龄进行分级有相似之处。2007 年，
国际残奥会对所有的残疾人运动在科学依据的基础上采用了功能分级系统。这确保了只有通
过运动员的比赛策略、技能和天分才能获得比赛的胜利。这种方法还需要更深入对运动表现
的各个决定因素进行研究。因为这种方法涉及多学科，而且主要针对具体运动和残疾人的伤
残程度，因此如果要制订一个清晰、明确和国际公认的分级系统，加强研究团队间的国际性
合作就至关重要。
现在，参与体育运动将面临相关的运动损伤的风险。尽管残疾人运动的参与意识逐渐增
强，但是公开发表的关于优秀残疾人运动员运动损伤的模式和风险因素的研究成果却仍然有
限。
和奥运会运动员一样，残奥会运动员也必须毫无例外地遵守反兴奋剂的规定。但是，残
奥会的反兴奋剂这一议题需要运动员支持团队的体育专家和康复药物专家的加入。其中特别
的挑战在“治疗使用赦免权”的管理上。也就是说少数残奥会运动员需要服用一些特别药物，
而在一般情况下，这些药物是被列为违禁药品的。这需要在反兴奋剂策略上努力加强教育。
残奥会反兴奋剂的另一个挑战是先进技术设备的开发，比如骨结合假肢移植。尽管这种
身体控制装置被认为从生物力学方面认为有益，但也可能引起伦理上的争论。
残疾人运动是强烈愿望和梦想的结果，实际上更是人们用强烈愿望和梦想创造出来的成
果。当今的每个残疾人运动员可能从不同地方：比如自己家和朋友的后花园，在学校里和伙
伴、老师一起，或者在当地的体育俱乐部里开始接触体育运动。2004 年雅典残奥会和 2000 年
悉尼残奥会的一个主要成就是面向小学和中学学生的国家教育项目。该项目的成果是建立了
一个坚定信念：在残奥会上获得成功就是在体育运动上获得成功，至少和在奥运会上获得成
功是一样的。该项目的目的——教育青少年有关残疾人运动的知识已经得以实现，并将继续
引发社会上所有人的关注和理解。
正如我们所见，残疾人运动面临的挑战是多学科的。这需要研究学者在管理残疾人运动
和支持残疾人运动员的相关国际体育联合会的协助下进行合作研究。
奥林匹克科学大会独特之处在于它汇集了之前分散于其他多次会议的专业知识。奥林匹
克运动的研究学者和残奥会运动专家紧密合作产生了运动、学科和运动员资料的知识交流的
附加值。这最终可能解决运动员或他们的教练提出的任何问题。上面所提到的所有内容将在
即将举行的大会的座谈会和科学演讲中涉及。
我真诚邀请各位参加大会的这些活动。你们的参与将对残疾人运动实现“让残疾人运动
员赢取优异成绩，鼓舞和激励全世界”这一目标的不懈努力提供积极的帮助。
最后，我也想邀请大家参加在 9 月 6 日在北京、青岛和香港召开的第 13 届残奥会。
2. 英译汉译文
Text 6
国际奥委会主席雅克 • 罗格先生在联想集团成为国际奥委会全球合作伙伴（TOP）签
约仪式上的讲话
女士们、先生们：
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你们好！
在过去的 20 年里，国际奥委会与许多商业团体保持着合作关系，这种合作极大的推动了
国际奥林匹克运动的发展，同时也给我们的合作伙伴带来巨大的利益。
今天，这种合作关系进一步加强。这是一个激动人心的时刻，作为第一家成为国际奥委
会全球合作伙伴的中国企业，联想集团正式成为国际奥林匹克大家庭中的重要一员。虽然由
于时间关系，我不能亲自参加今天在北京举行的具有特殊意义的发布会，但可以肯定的是，
对于这次合作我非常的激动，并坚信它能够发展成一种长期的互利互惠的关系。
国际奥委会热烈的欢迎联想集团加入奥林匹克大家庭，我们感受到了来自你们的支持和
承诺。你们在产品质量和服务方面的美誉赢得了我们对你们的充分信任。
联想集团将为奥林匹克运动会的成功举行提供强大的资金支持、保证复杂系统顺利运转
的技术支持、并为保证后勤管理及很多关键部门提供强有力的人员支持。此外，同联想集团
的这种合作，必将推动奥林匹克运动在中国、亚洲乃至全世界的深入发展。
奥运会提供了一个独一无二的、强大的国际市场平台。作为国际奥委会的全球合作伙伴，
联想集团等企业将为 2006 年都灵冬季奥运会和 2008 年北京奥运会提供关键支持，更为重要
的是，其中的几家大公司，如联想，将提供他们的产品、服务和资金，在现代奥运的成功举
办中扮演着重要角色。
国际奥委会全球合作伙伴将为每一个国家的奥林匹克委员会和超过 200 个国家的奥林匹
克运动队提供支持。
我们感谢你们的支持，并且希望与联想集团建立一种强有力的互利互惠的合作关系。谢
谢！
3. 汉译英译文
Text 7 Promote the Olympic Spirit and Work Together to Build a Better World
(Toast by Hu Jintao, President of the People’s Republic of China, at the Welcoming Luncheon of
Beijing Olympic Games, August 8, 2008)
Your Excellency Jacques Rogge, President of the International Olympic Committee, Your
Excellency Juan Antonio Samaranch, Honorary President of the International Olympic Committee,
Distinguished Heads of State and Government and Representatives of Royal Families, Distinguished
Members of the International Olympic Committee, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,
Dear Friends,
The grand opening of the Beijing Olympic Games will be held this evening. The historic
moment we have all been waiting for will soon arrive. On behalf of the Chinese Government and
people, I wish to extend a warm welcome to all the distinguished guests who have come to Beijing
for the Games.
In the course of bidding and preparing for the Olympic Games, the Chinese Government and
people received sincere help from governments and people of various countries and strong support
from the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the Olympic Family. I would like to express
heartfelt thanks to you and, through you, to all those who have contributed to the Beijing Olympic
Games.
I also wish to take this opportunity to sincerely thank the international community for the warm
support and valuable assistance given to China in our rescue and relief efforts after the devastating
Wenchuan earthquake. The Chinese people will remember forever the profound friendship of people
throughout the world.
Ladies and gentlemen, dear friends, the Olympic Movement, which started over 2,800 years
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ago in the sacred Olympia, is a valuable spiritual and cultural asset offered to humanity by the
people of ancient Greece. The modern Olympic Movement, born in 1894, has built on the ancient
Olympic heritage and grown into a cultural and sporting event with the broadest participation and
greatest impact in today’s world. At successive Olympic Games over the years, athletes from across
the world, committed to the motto of “Citius – Altius – Fortius”, have made their utmost efforts in
quest of sporting excellence and set one record after another, leading to the rapid development of
athletic sports.
The Olympic Games is a great sporting event and it also offers a platform for cultural
exchanges. By bringing together people of different countries, ethnic groups and cultural
backgrounds, the Olympic Movement has helped enhance mutual understanding and friendship
among all peoples and made significant contribution to the noble cause of peace and development.
The world today faces both development opportunities and grave challenges unprecedented in
history. There has never been a greater need for us to understand, accommodate and cooperate with
each other. The Beijing Olympic Games is an opportunity not only for China but also for the whole
world. By participating in the Olympic Games, we should carry forward the Olympic spirit of
solidarity, friendship and peace, facilitate sincere exchanges among people from all countries,
deepen mutual understanding, enhance friendship and rise above differences, and promote the
building of a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity.
Ladies and gentlemen, dear friends, to host the Olympic Games is a century-old dream of the
Chinese nation and the shared aspiration of all the Chinese people. Since Beijing won the bid in
2001, the Chinese Government and people have been working earnestly to honor the solemn
commitment we have made to the international community. Guided by the concept of "green
Olympics, high-tech Olympics and people’s Olympics", we have done our utmost in the preparations
for the Games. I am confident that, with the support of the IOC and the Olympic Family, and
together with you, we will deliver a high-standard Olympic Games with distinctive features.
I now propose a toast, to the strong growth of the Olympic Movement, to greater solidarity and
friendship among people from all over the world, and to the health of all the distinguished guests and
your families. Cheers!
第十单元
口译笔记（1）
口译主题：环境保护
二、技能训练
Text 1
It’s Still Earth Day
The world on April 22 observed Earth Day, an annual event meant to inspire awareness and
appreciation for our planet’s environment. But this yearly reminder has come under fire from some
environmentalists, who say the excessive promotion of a “one-day revolution” amounts to nothing
but empty symbolism.
Critics have created a new word, “slacktivism,” that describes taking feel-good measures in
support of a social cause. The word, a mix of “slacker” and “activism”, is used to label activities that
have little practical effect, such as signing Internet petitions and taking part in short-term boycotts.
Earth Day has been a positive force in the struggle to educate. However, we must not fall into a
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“slacktivist” mindset. Instead of turning off the lights for 30 minutes once a year, what is needed is a
shift in thinking that views saving electricity with an almost religious fervor.
Every day, each of us faces small choices that will ultimately make the difference between a
grim or bright future. The cumulative acts of billions of people, such as stopping the use of
disposable goods and starting to use energy-efficient light bulbs, can add up to real change.
Symbolic measures and awareness campaigns can be helpful, but without a radical change in
attitudes, real progress will remain stunted.
Text 2
Race Is On to Save Kyoto Climate Pact Without US
Environment ministers from 180 countries will start trying to rescue the Kyoto Treaty on global
warming shortly. They join their officials who have been meeting all week in the German city of
Bonn. The 1997 Kyoto agreement commits industrialized countries to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions. The protocol was undermined in a major way in March when US President George W.
Bush said it would weaken America's economy. //
It's Beethoven who dominates the town square here and it's unlikely that he'll have to give up
his plane to a monument celebrating a conference, which halted global warming. Ministers from
over 180 countries have already agreed to global cuts in emissions of greenhouse gasses five percent
below the 1990 levels. But here they must decide how this will be achieved. Since George Bush
pulled out of the deal, the argument is between Japan and Europe. The Japanese want flexible rules
allowing them to plant more trees in place of steep cuts in pollution and weaker penalties for missing
targets. Europe doesn't like it, but really wants a deal. //
Jan Pronk (Conference Chairman): When I came to Bonn, I was a bit pessimistic, given many
political statements, which were made during the last couple of weeks, that perhaps it would not be
possible to reach [an]agreement. However, I have the impression that it is possible to reach a result.
//
If all the countries gathered here don't reach agreement in the next few days, it won't be the end
of Kyoto, but it will be a failure. A failure to put national differences aside to resolve a problem,
which the whole world, even the Americans agree, is a growing threat to our planet.
Text 3
Al Gore’s Nobel Lecture, Oslo, December 10, 2007
（Excerpt)
Your Majesties, Your Royal Highnesses, Honorable Members of the Norwegian Nobel Committee,
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,
I have a purpose here today. It is a purpose I have tried to serve for many years. I have prayed
that God would show me a way to accomplish it.
Sometimes, without warning, the future knocks on our door with a precious and painful vision
of what might be. One hundred and nineteen years ago, a wealthy inventor read his own obituary,
mistakenly published years before his death. Wrongly believing the inventor had just died, a
newspaper printed a harsh judgment of his life’s work, unfairly labeling him “the Merchant of
Death” because of his invention－dynamite. Shaken by this condemnation, the inventor made a
fateful choice to serve the cause of peace.
Seven years later, Alfred Nobel created this prize and the others that bear his name.
Seven years ago tomorrow, I read my own political obituary in a judgment that seemed to me
harsh and mistaken – if not premature. But that unwelcome verdict also brought a precious if painful
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gift: an opportunity to search for fresh new ways to serve my purpose.
Unexpectedly, that quest has brought me here. Even though I fear my words cannot match this
moment, I pray that what I am feeling in my heart will be communicated clearly enough that those
who hear me will say, “We must act.”
We, the human species, are confronting a planetary emergency – a threat to the survival of our
civilization that is gathering ominous and destructive potential even as we gather here. But there is
hopeful news as well: we have the ability to solve this crisis and avoid the worst – though not all – of
its consequences, if we act boldly, decisively and quickly.
However, despite a growing number of honorable exceptions, too many of the world’s leaders
are still best described in the words Winston Churchill applied to those who ignored Adolf Hitler’s
threat. And I quote: “They go on in strange paradox, decided only to be undecided, resolved to be
irresolute, adamant for drift, solid for fluidity, all powerful to be impotent.”
So today, we dumped another 70 million tons of global-warming pollution into the thin shell of
atmosphere surrounding our planet, as if it were an open sewer. And tomorrow, we will dump a
slightly larger amount, with the cumulative concentrations now trapping more and more heat from
the sun.
As a result, the earth has a fever. And the fever is rising. The experts have told us it is not a
passing affliction that will heal by itself. We asked for a second opinion. And a third. And a fourth.
And the consistent conclusion, restated with increasing distress, is that something basic is wrong. We
are what is wrong, and we must make it right.
Now science is warning us that if we do not quickly reduce the global warming pollution that is
trapping so much of the heat our planet normally radiates back out of the atmosphere, we are in
danger of creating a permanent “carbon summer” .
As the American poet Robert Frost wrote, “ Some say the world will end in fire; some say in
ice.” Either, he notes, “would suffice” .
But neither need be our fate. It is time to make peace with the planet.
We must quickly mobilize our civilization with the urgency and resolve that has previously
been seen only when nations mobilized for war. These prior struggles for survival were won when
leaders found words at the 11th hour that released a mighty surge of courage, hope and readiness to
sacrifice for a protracted and mortal struggle.
Now comes the threat of climate crisis – a threat that is real, rising, imminent, and universal.
Once again, it is the 11th hour. The penalties for ignoring this challenge are immense and growing,
and at some near point would be unsustainable and unrecoverable. For now we still have the power
to choose our fate, and the remaining question is only this: Have we the will to act vigorously and in
time, or will we remain imprisoned by a dangerous illusion?
Mahatma Gandhi awakened the largest democracy on earth and forged a shared resolve with
what he called “Satyagraha” – or “truth force.”
In every land, the truth – once known – has the power to set us free.
Truth also has the power to unite us and bridge the distance between “me” and “we”, creating
the basis for common effort and shared responsibility.
There is an African proverb that says, “If you want to go quickly, go alone. If you want to go far,
go together.” We need to go far, quickly.
We must abandon the conceit that individual, isolated, private actions are the answer. They can
and do help. But they will not take us far enough without collective action. At the same time, we
must ensure that in mobilizing globally, we do not invite the establishment of ideological conformity
and a new lock-step “ism.”
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That means adopting principles, values, laws, and treaties that release creativity and initiative at
every level of society in multifold responses originating concurrently and spontaneously.
This new consciousness requires expanding the possibilities inherent in all humanity. The
innovators who will devise a new way to harness the sun’s energy for pennies or invent an engine
that’s carbon negative may live in Lagos or Mumbai or Montevideo. We must ensure that
entrepreneurs and inventors everywhere on the globe have the chance to change the world.
When we unite for a moral purpose that is manifestly good and true, the spiritual energy
unleashed can transform us. The generation that defeated fascism throughout the world in the 1940s
found, in rising to meet their awesome challenge, that they had gained the moral authority and
long-term vision to launch the Marshall Plan, the United Nations, and a new level of global
cooperation and foresight that unified Europe and facilitated the emergence of democracy in
Germany, Japan, Italy and much of the world. One of their visionary leaders said, “It is time we
steered by the stars and not by the lights of every passing ship.”
We must understand the connections between the climate crisis and the afflictions of poverty,
hunger, HIV/AIDS and other pandemics. As these problems are linked, so too must be their solutions.
We must begin by making the common rescue of the global environment the central organizing
principle of the world community.
Heads of state should meet early next year to review what was accomplished in Bali and take
personal responsibility for addressing this crisis. It is not unreasonable to ask, given the gravity of
our circumstances, that these heads of state meet every three months until the treaty is completed.
We also need a moratorium on the construction of any new generating facility that burns coal
without the capacity to safely trap and store carbon dioxide.
And most important of all, we need to put a price on carbon – with a CO2 tax that is then
rebated back to the people, progressively, according to the laws of each nation, in ways that shift the
burden of taxation from employment to pollution. This is by far the most effective and simplest way
to accelerate solutions to this crisis.
The world now needs an alliance – especially of those nations that weigh heaviest in the scales
where earth is in the balance. I salute Europe and Japan for the steps they’ve taken in recent years to
meet the challenge, and the new government in Australia, which has made solving the climate crisis
its first priority.
These are the last few years of decision, but they can be the first years of a bright and hopeful
future if we do what we must. No one should believe a solution will be found without effort, without
cost, without change. Let us acknowledge that if we wish toredeem squandered time and speak again
with moral authority, then these are the hard truths:
The way ahead is difficult. The outer boundary of what we currently believe to be feasible is
still far short of what we actually must do. Moreover, between here and there, across the unknown,
falls the shadow.
We are standing at the most fateful fork in that path. So I want to end as I began, with a vision
of two futures – each a palpable possibility – and with a prayer that we will see with vivid clarity the
necessity of choosing between those two futures, and the urgency of making the right choice now.
The great Norwegian playwright, Henrik Ibsen, wrote, “One of these days, the younger
generation will come knocking at my door.”
The future is knocking at our door right now. Make no mistake, the next generation will ask us
one of two questions. Either they will ask,“What were you thinking; why didn’t you act? ”
Or they will ask instead, “How did you find the moral courage to rise and successfully resolve a
crisis that so many said was impossible to solve?”
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We have everything we need to get started, save perhaps political will, but political will is a
renewable resource.
So let us renew it, and let us say together, “We have a purpose. We are many. For this purpose
we will rise, and we will act.”
Text 4
Tony Blair’s Remarks of Breaking the Climate Deadlock
Hello, everyone, first of all, thank you very much indeed all of you for coming along for the
launch of this report. Can I say a special word of welcome to former Japanese Prime Minister, Prime
Minister Abe. It’s a great pleasure to see you here, sir, and to also our friends and colleges from the
media. What I am going to do is I will outline this report to you and then I’ll take some questions
from the media and then I now if we have a chance to do some informal discussion later as well.
The problem of climate change is now, almost universally understood and acknowledged. This
is in itself a major achievement. But now is the moment to get serious about the solution. Such a
solution has to be global. It must include America and China. It has to be radical. It must put the
world on a path away from carbon dependence to a new and green economy. It has to be realistic. It
has to take account of the completely legitimate right of people - especially the world's poorest - to
enjoy the benefits of economic growth and prosperity that should be spread to all. //
There has been a vast amount of work to get us to here. The United Nations’ process led
brilliantly and often heroically by Yvo de Boer has set out the international community's roadmap to
a deal; which will culminate in the negotiation in Copenhagen in December2009. The IPCC panel of
experts led with such distinction by Dr. Pachauri has examined and laid out the scientific consensus.
Here in Japan, we can see how the political agenda has been shaped and changed, first by Prime
Minister Abe's Cool Earth policy and now under the leadership of Prime Minister Fukuda, who leads
this year's G8.
Ours is a different type of report, is a report drawn up by experts but guided by a politician. Our
work is split into two phases. Phase 1 is for this year’s G8. Phase 2 will be for next year's. Phase 1 is
an attempt to clarify and bring order to the agenda for the solution. Phase 2 will attempt to set out
what the solution might be. Phase 1 is in part analytical and technical; in part it is about how to make
sense of the political process. Essentially, it is about trying to unite the scientists and experts with the
political leaders and decision-makers. As such it is explicitly designed to be a practical way through;
not yet another campaigning polemic to wake up the world to the challenges of global warming. The
world has woken up. What now it needs to know is what to do.
The report warns of the danger of a yawning chasm between, on the one hand the calls for
radical action from scientists, environmental groups and people rightly alarmed at the effect of
greenhouse gas emissions on our planet; and on the other, the anxiety of decision makers in politics
and business, who share the aims of the radical action but worry about whether that action is realistic.
Long-term everyone accepts that the needs of economy and the needs of environment operate in
partnership. Short term there is a clear tension. And we live in the short term.
The report tries to design a way to bridge this chasm. There is a blunt reality that we need to
acknowledge amongst all the talk of targets, goals and obligations. The climate demands, over time,
a radical, transformative change in the nature of the world economy, moving from growth built on
carbon dependence, to environmentally sustainable development.
But we need to be clear about the size of the task. The US emissions are still growing. So are
those in Japan. In Europe they are static. China and India are set, rightly, to industrialise and move
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their vast hundreds of millions of poor people from subsistence agriculture to the modern economy.
Now we are talking about a global 2050 target of at least a 50 percent cut in emissions. Let's be clear.
This date is decades away and decades beyond the political life of any government.
The key challenge is actually to describe a realistic pathway to that goal. And that implies
shorter-term goals. But these are immensely demanding, asking developed economies to move from
growth in emissions to significant cuts within 10-15 years. Europe has very bold 2020 targets and it
will take very bold action to achieve them. The recent Warner-Lieberman Bill before the US Senate
implied 5 percent cuts in emissions by 2020. That would be a big step forward but, according to
some scientists, it falls short of the cuts necessary for world emissions to peak in 2020. China has set
a target of a 20 percent cut in energy intensity by 2010; and that is a huge step forward. But this is
again immensely demanding, and even if met, will not cut overall emissions, given China's need to
grow. India, again wanting to act, also wants to grow.
The point I make is the challenge is truly profound. One thing I’d learn to this report is that this
challenge is as technically and scientifically complex, as politically sensitive and as institutionally
fraught as any the international community has had to deal with since the post-war Bretton Woods
economic settlement.
And, above all, and here is the point, it should be noted, our knowledge of this issue is
constantly evolving. Though we talk as if the science were certain - its overall purport may be, the
precise details are often open to substantial debate.
Therefore what this report proposes is this, it proposes an approach to the Copenhagen
agreement at the end of 2009 that does not attempt a deal that tries to resolve all issues up to 2050 or
even 2030 or 2020. But instead begins a process that will then undergo necessary revision and
adjustment as our knowledge improves and the facts become clearer.
So we propose:
1. Set a clear direction in Copenhagen; get the action under way. Do not try to put a spurious
precision on each and every aspect. Set a realistic target and get the change started. Make
Copenhagen the beginning but not the end of a process that will require constant adjustment
over the years.
2. Carry on through to next year's G8 the informal process whereby G8 and the developing world
major economies continue to try to resolve core questions. Together G8+5 and Major
Economies’ Meeting represent three quarters of the global emissions. A steer from them is an
essential precondition of this deal. And this doesn’t supplant the UN process. It supports it.
3. As we discovered, or I’ve discovered, there are a plethora of really tricky questions that need
answering before a serious negotiation can work. We detail these in the report. It is surely wise
to commission work and research on them, making full use of the enormous range of
non-governmental bodies, institutes and experts, many of whom already contribute to the UN's
work.
So the G8 should agree a work plan through to next year, to get this work done. Just give you
some small examples-large issues but small examples. How do we raise the money that is going to
be necessary for technology, for deforestations, for helping developing countries? Is there a place for
auctioning credits? If so, how would it work? Is the Clean Development Mechanism the right
mechanism? Can it be reformed? How do carbon markets link up? Should the developing world
have access to them? How do we transfer technology? Do we need a new Interllcetual Property
Rright regime?
In this, Phase 1, we have identified the 10 building blocks of a global deal. The global target, an
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interim target, developed world commitments and carbon markets, developing world contributions,
sectoral action, financing, technology, forests, adaptation and institutions and mechanisms of action.
And what we have done under each head is trying to isolate the key elements that will need
agreement and the further work to clarify each of them. We also identify significant facts whose
significance in a pratical way is nonetheless often lost. For example, energy efficiency would
provide around one quarter of the gains necessary and, incidentally, save money. It requires special
focus.
The vast majority of new power stations in China and India will be coal-fired; not “may be”
will be coal-fired. So developing carbon capture and storage technology is not optional, it is literally
of the essence. Without at least some countries engaging in a substantial renaissance of nuclear
power, it is hard to see how any global deal is going to work.
For developing countries to grow sustainably they will need funds and technology, otherwise
they will not be able to peak and then reduce emissions within the necessary timescale. Deforestation
amounts to around 15-20 percent of the entire emissions problem. Certain key sectors like cement,
steel and of course power most of all, account for a huge percentage－almost half of all emissions.
Airline and shipping emissions, though only 5 percent today, are a fast growing. Done right, the
costs of abatement will be manageable and probably less than predicted, and there are potentially
real opportunities for the new low-carbon economy that will develop. The point is: all of these
intensively pratical questions require to be answered if we are to put a global deal together.
And in the end this is the question: What is it reasonable to ask countries to do on their own?
And then, what more could be done, if the right partnership was in place for a global deal? In other
words, how do we, by use of global mechanisms in a global agreement, accelerate the process of
change in individual countries?
because there may be a gap between what it is reasonable to do and what is necessary for the
climate to survive. And the global deal is about eliminating that gap.
The aim of Phase 2 of the report will be to try to show how the building blocks can be arranged
in a cohesive global deal. In particular we will try to bridge the chasm earlier described between the
entirely understandable demands for radical action to save the environment and the equally
understandable desire for countries to enjoy economic growth and prosperity in a world in which the
majority, at present are still poor.
Finally, some good news. It is clear the deal can be done. Indeed it is clear that long term there
are going to be benefits in doing it. But short-term we need to get the elements in place and we need
to get them in place fast. And that is what this report is designed to help. Thank you very much.
信息框架：
1. welcome
2. The solution of climate change
3. Efforts to approach the solution
4. Our effort is divided into Phase 1 and Phase 2
a) Phase 1: G8; clarify and order the agenda; analytical and technical and make sense of the
political process
b) Phase 2: next year; set out the solutions; practical arrangement
5. The chasm between the calls for radical action from expertise and anxiety of decision makers
6. Bridge the chasm; move from growth built on carbon dependence to environmentally
sustainable development
7. Size of the task
78
8. Realistic pathway – shorter term goal
9. Our proposal：
a) Set a clear direction and get action underway
b) Joint efforts from developing and developed countries
c) Collaborate with NGOs and institutes to solve a plethora of questions
10. G8 works out the plan
11. Ten building blocks of Phase 1: The global target; An interim target; Developed world
commitments and carbon markets, etc.,
12. Developing countries need funds and technology
13. Global efforts
14. The aim of Phase 2 is to arrange building blocks in a cohesive global deal
15. Good news
三、对话口译
Text 5
宝马公司官员就宝马氢能 7 系汽车答记者问
Journalist: BMW is a very successful car company. What is the secret of your success?
宝马专家：我们的成功基于六大基石：强大的品牌和产品，感性吸引力，平衡的公司战
略，管理，财务实力以及非常重要的一点：企业社会责任。
Journalist: It is no doubt that automobile makes our lives more convenient，but at the same
time, it brings about many environmental concerns, such as energy exhaustion and air pollution
caused by car emission. What is BMW’s attitude towards this?
宝马专家：实际上我们面临的一个最大挑战就是如何长久地保护环境和可用资源，同时
又不牺牲个人的行动能力。我们的长远成功就依靠为这些问题找到可靠的解决之道。现在几
乎所有行驶车辆都是依靠汽油作为燃料的，然而专家们都很肯定，在 2020 年之前，石油顶点
很快就会到来。
Journalist: What is oil peak?
宝马专家：在石油顶点，全球对于原油的需求将会超过可知的全球石油储备。也就是说
到那时，无论你怎样大力地开采，石油产量也无法提高。
Journalist: Yes, fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas are nonrenewable fossil fuels, and they
will one day be exhausted. In addition, the burning of fossil fuels generates harmful gases.
宝马专家：是的，科学家已经发现，化石燃料燃烧是产生的空气污染是导致酸雨的主要
原因。
Journalist: And the greenhouse effect that causes global warming is also the result of burning
fossil fuels, isn’t it?
宝马专家：没错，二氧化碳就是一种化石燃料带来的温室气体。
Journalist: Therefore it is critical that we should lessen our overdependence on fossil fuels and
develop alternative fuels. I think we have plenty of alternative fuels to choose from, such as solar
energy, wind power and bio fuel, all of which are renewables. Why should BMW choose hydrogen?
宝马专家：我们专注于氢能是因为我们确信氢气是唯一有能力解决所有化石燃料带来的
问题的能源载体。氢气是绝佳的能源载体因为它可以无限的获取，而且十分纯净。唯一的排
放物是纯水。奇妙吧？因此氢气可以作为未来汽车领域的供应能源，并且成为解决可持续移
动性的答案。
Journalist: After hearing your introduction, I have really high expectation on BMW Hydrogen
7. When will it be available on market? Which markets will it be launched in?
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宝马专家：宝马氢能 7 系已经小规模生产，并于 2007 年在特定的市场给特定的用户临时
使用。该车型将在允许使用氢燃料的国家推出。德国、美国、日本固定氢燃料站已经开始建
设。而且全球建立移动加氢站和使用宝马氢能 7 系的进展情况需要根据与各国当地政府的具
体合作情况而定。
Journalist: Just now you mentioned that BMW Hydrogen 7 has been manufactured in a small
series. What is the exact number of this “small series”? Who are the users? Will they be defined by
BMW or can anyone interested in the technology order a car from BMW?
宝马专家：小规模生产大约 100 辆车。关于未来的用户，宝马公司会关注那些拥有远见
卓识并且愿意体验未来的人士。这些人士包括愿意在机动性新时代的进程中做出贡献的公司
首席执行官、政界人士，以及学术、文化、体育领域的意见领袖。
四、篇章口译
1. 英译汉译文
Text 6
Hassenjuergen 先生在宝马氢能 7 系技术介绍会上的发言
广州，2007 年 9 月 19 日
尊敬的媒体朋友，女士们、先生们：
下午好！
首先，我谨代表宝马欢迎各位前来参加 BMW 氢能 7 系的技术介绍会。
从在 4 月份上海车展的首度亮相，到 6 月份登陆北京，相信各位对闪耀着海蓝色
CleanEnergy 标志的 BMW 氢能 7 系已经不陌生。今天，非常高兴可以来到广州，与大家一起
走进 BMW 氢能 7 系的世界。
女士们、先生们：我们都知道环境保护和能源节约问题对全球来讲已经越来越具有挑战
性，而其中机动车与资源消耗、空气污染的关系更是成为大家关注的热点。
围绕这个话题，大家也已提出了很多疑问，例如：
 未来的机动性将会怎样？
 如何应对日渐枯竭的自然资源和日益严峻的排放问题？
 如何保证未来的可持续机动性？
为了解决这些问题，宝马集团已经制定了清晰的长期能源和动力传动系统战略，即”宝马
高效动力”。
“宝马高效动力”是宝马实现可持续机动性的方式，即消耗最少的燃料获得最大的动力
表现。
 短期内，我们通过进一步改善内燃发动机性能、降低动力传动系统损失（因传动和轮
胎因素引起的），并在轻质结构和空气动力学方面实施新方案，来改善所有型号汽车
的性能。
 中期内，我们将实现一项智能能量管理，届时将提供混合动力技术。
 长期来讲，宝马高效动力将氢作为清洁能源体系的能量来源，也是实现可持续个体机
动性的真正的解决方案。
女士们、先生们：BMW 氢能 7 系的面世是通往可持续机动性时代的一个里程碑。有了这
款氢内燃发动机，我们可以在几乎零排放的条件下实现高性能动态驾驶。同时，BMW 氢能 7
系也具备豪华轿车的所有舒适性特征。我们有目的地选择 7 系，因为它是代表宝马创新技术
的旗舰车型。
我们为 BMW 氢能 7 系精心设计了双模驱动方式，由氢或者汽油驱动。双模驱动系统使
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它的行驶里程达到 700 多公里，在氢驱动模式下，行驶里程可达 200 公里，完全可以满足日
常使用要求。
我们希望通过这 100 辆小规模量产 BMW 氢能 7 系汽车，提出一个倡议，一个只有在政
界、商界及能源行业通力合作下才能成为现实的倡议。
推出 BMW 氢能 7 系，我们表达了两个意愿：
首先，我们在积极推进氢基础设施的进一步发展。氢能源必须在传统的加油站找到它的
位置。
第二，我们在向全球政界的决策者们发出信息，呼吁他们在基于现在取得的成果上建立
一个法律框架，包括制定相关涉及此类车辆的注册和使用、氢燃料以及相应基础设施的规定。
宝马早在 1978 年就已开始氢动力单元的研究，在过去的几十年里，通过几代的氢动力汽
车使这项技术得到不断的发展和改进。接下来的挑战将是延长车辆的行驶里程，同时降低车
辆重量及原材料成本。但是，这不是一蹴而就的，而是需要长期坚持的一项事业。
在这个领域，我们正在引领先锋。车辆的驾驶者也将加入我们，参与到这一先锋工作中
来。BMW 氢能 7 系的每一位用户都能够与开发这款汽车及相应技术的宝马集团工程师们密切
沟通。
希望大家在明天以及接下来的日子里能与 BMW 氢能 7 系度过一段愉快的时光，体验它
所带来的纯粹驾驶乐趣。你会惊喜地发现原来驾驶它是那么的自然。坐进车内，你会忘记其
实你是坐在一款”未来的”汽车里。
期待您的任何反馈意见。稍后，我们的专家将会回答大家提问并向大家详细介绍这款具
有里程碑意义的车型——BMW 氢能 7 系。谢谢大家。
2. 英译汉译文
Text 7
香港特别行政区行政长官曾荫权在博鳌亚洲论坛 2008 年年会举行的午餐会上致辞
2008 年 4 月 12 日（节选）
各位嘉宾，各位先生、女士：
感谢大会给我这个机会，在可持续发展和今年年会“绿色亚洲”的主题下，与各位谈谈
香港的未来。
如果叫世界各地的人形容香港，相信很多人都会说，香港是个水泥森林——拥挤喧闹、
高厦林立、夜色璀璨、五光十色的霓虹灯较月光更为耀目。这些只是实情的一部分，是香港
给人的表面印象，也是广告界和新闻界喜欢描绘香港的一面。
香港森林远多于水泥。香港面积 1,100 平方公里，其中大约四成是受保护的郊野公园，而
由于香港地势多山，另有三成土地属于不能兴建的乡郊和绿化地带，或者是低密度乡村发展
区。
香港人极力保护这些可供所有市民游玩享用的专设绿化地区。这正好说明，为什么香港
过去十年共种植了 2,000 万棵树之多。正因我们广植林木，香港才可以维持过去 40 年那种既
高密度、又有持续性的发展模式。
此外，我们致力于为香港居民提供高效的公共交通。香港每日 1,200 万载客人次之中，公
共运输高占九成以上。由于公共运输服务完善，本港市民的自用车拥有率在已发展经济体中，
属排名最低之列。
这也在很大程度上说明了为什么香港的温室气体排放量较世界其他主要城市更低。2005
年，本港温室气体排放量约人均 6.5 公吨，美国为 24 公吨，英国和日本 11 公吨，新加坡 9 公
吨。
香港城市面貌的发展，以及在此过程整个社会的发展模式，展现了可持续发展的一个良
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好范例，因为其中包括了有效运用土地、运输基建、政府收入、能源和人才等重要资源。
可持续发展所涉及的还不仅于此，它还关乎平衡社会、经济和环境需要的问题，关乎改
变政策和思维方式，关乎取舍抉择的问题。简而言之，这是关乎生存的问题。
优化环境是我首重的施政纲领。要争取优秀人才，要留住本地培养的人力资源，要开拓
香港的服务行业，提供清洁绿化的生活环境尤为关键。
让我先谈谈空气质量问题。要让香港和邻近珠江三角地区持续发展，我们必须多下工夫
改善空气质量。1990 至 2006 年间，我们把四项污染物——二氧化硫、氮氧化物、可吸入的悬
浮粒子和挥发性有机化合物——减少排放量由 32%至 53%不等。
我们也与广东省当局紧密合作，推行地区空气质量计划以对付污染问题。粤港两地在
经济上已发挥示范作用，协助国家设计未来经济发展的模式。我们的共同愿景，就是要成为
中国最清洁、最绿化的地区。我们更希望可以为国家起着带头作用，以实际行动进一步推展
可持续的发展模式。
发电厂是本地排放的最大来源——自 1997 年起，我们已经禁止兴建新的燃煤发电厂，选
择以更清洁的天然气发电。我们订立了电力公司的排放上限。
我们也与市民大众合力节省能源。这有助于减缓空气污染，减低温室气体排放。我们正
着手立法强制执行能源效益标签计划，第一期实施范围将涵盖空调、冰箱和紧凑型萤光灯。
另一个有助净化空气和改善生活环境的方法，就是进行绿化，这也是碳封存的一个重要
方式。正如我先前说过，过去十年，我们已种植超过 2,000 万棵树，而且我们还会种植更多树。
绿化工程在市区各处持续推行，我们也打算在市区和工业区推行屋顶绿化措施，在水泥之中
建造森林。
我们也积极推动可持续建筑。自 2005 年以来，所有公共工程都已尽量采用能源效益设置
和再生能源技术。我们也正在积极推广使用循环再用物料。过去六年，公共工程共采用了约
100 万公吨的循环再造物料。
香港拥有卓越的营商环境、优越的地理位置和无可媲美的潜力。经济增长与环境保护至
今有着一种共生的关系，两者相互依赖，相互支持。
环境保护不再是从外国输入或强加于亚洲国家和城市的议题。不论是香港这样的城市，
还是珠江三角洲这类更大的经济群体，环境保护是保持繁荣兴旺的成功要素。
香港致力建设可持续发展的未来，确保我们的子孙后代得以在清洁、绿化、创意和开放
的环境继续创富兴民，维持亚洲国际都会的美誉。
多谢各位。
3. 汉译英译文
Text 8
Address at the Third East Asia Summit by Wen Jiabao, Premier of the State Council, the
People’s Republic of China in Singapore on November 21, 2007
Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong, Dear Colleagues,
I am glad to meet you again in Singapore, and I wish to express sincere thanks to you, Prime
Minister Lee Hsien Loong, and the Singaporean Government for your hospitality.
With rapid industrialization, mankind has created material wealth by using fossil fuels. But this
has caused the emission of large amounts of pollutants and greenhouse gases. As a result, energy,
climate change and the environment have become increasingly acute global challenges confronting
all of us. The fact that we are exchanging views on these issues of strategic significance at the East
Asia Summit demonstrates the common resolve of countries in our region to strengthen cooperation
and jointly address these challenges.
Mr. Chairman, now I wish to outline China’s views and position on climate change:
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First, climate change is a global issue. We must all work together to address this issue and
protect our common homeland. Developed countries should face up to their historical
responsibilities and the reality that their current per-capita emissions remain high, strictly comply
with the emission reduction targets laid down in the Kyoto Protocol, and continue to take the lead in
cutting emissions after 2012. Developing countries should adopt active and effective measures
according to their capabilities and contribute their share to combating climate change. The
international community should provide more support to developing countries, and developed
countries should honor their commitment on transferring technology and providing financial
assistance to developing countries to help them build capacity for mitigating and adapting to climate
change.
Second, climate change is ultimately a development issue. We should pursue economic growth,
social development and environmental protection in a coordinated and balanced way, and develop
models of production and consumption compatible with sustainable development. It is both
unfeasible and wrong to tackle climate change at the expense of economic growth or pursue
economic growth with no regard to climate change. It is estimated that about 2.4 billion people still
use coal, charcoal, firewood and crop stalks as primary sources of fuel and some 1.6 billion people
have no access to electricity. To enable the poor population to enjoy modern energy services and
development opportunities is both a moral imperative and a social responsibility. It should therefore
be emphasized that efforts to tackle climate change should help, and not hinder, the efforts of
countries, particularly developing countries, to grow their economy and reduce poverty.
Third, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its
Kyoto Protocol, which are most authoritative, universal and comprehensive, constitute the legal
basis of international cooperation on climate change. The principles of “common but differentiated
responsibilities” and fairness established by the Convention represent consensus of the international
community and recognize differences among countries in economic development, historical
responsibilities and current per-capita emissions. We should uphold the UNFCCC and the Kyoto
Protocol as the basic framework for international cooperation, and we also welcome other initiatives
and mechanisms on practical cooperation that supplements the UNFCCC framework.
Fourth, technological advances play a decisive role in mitigating and adapting to climate
change. The international community should increase financial input and information sharing and
step up cooperation in research and development and innovation in technologies for energy
conservation, environmental protection and low-carbon energy. It is of particular importance to
strengthen the dissemination and application of these technologies and make them affordable to the
developing countries. In this respect, one should not lay undue stress on the role of market
mechanism and make the market solely responsible for tackling climate change. Developed
countries should lower trade and technological barriers, support the early implementation of
UNFCCC provisions on technology transfer, establish effective mechanisms for technology transfer
and cooperation, as this will enhance the capacity to jointly tackle climate change.
Fifth, adaptation to climate change is of the greatest concerns to developing countries, and it is
a major part of the efforts to address climate change. Developed countries should, in a spirit of
partnership for common development, actively help developing countries build capacity for
adaptation and managing weather-related disasters. They should launch the Adaptation Fund under
the Kyoto Protocol at an early date and open it to all developing countries, improve the operation of
the Global Environmental Facility and the Clean Development Mechanism to bring more benefits to
developing countries, and commit more financial resources for adaptation efforts and provide new
and additional financial support to developing countries. China will host the “EAS Seminar on
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Adaptation Capacity Building for Climate Change” next year which will discuss ways for countries
in our region to better adapt to climate change.
Mr. Chairman, China is the world’s most populous country and a lower middle level income
developing country, and it is seriously affected by climate change. There has been a lot of media
report on China’s aggregate carbon dioxide emissions. But such report has ignored some basic facts.
China is home to 21 percent of the world’s population. China’s per-capita emission of carbon dioxide
is quite low, less than one third of the average level of developed countries. In China, there are still
more than 20 million rural people living in poverty and over 22 million urban residents who are
below the poverty line, and the country’s economic and social development is uneven between urban
and rural areas and among different regions. China’s “development emissions” will see some
increase, as we are endeavoring to improve the living standards and quality of life for 1.3 billion
people. In addition, as a big manufacturing country, China makes products for consumers across the
world, but it is under growing pressure of “transfer emissions” . We hope that these two factors
should be taken into full account when talking about China’s emissions.
China is striving to embark on a new path to industrialization that features low consumption of
resources, low emissions, high efficiency and high output, and this is an integral part of international
efforts to protect the environment, address climate change and achieve sustainable development. We
look forward to the strong support for our efforts from the international community, particularly our
East Asian neighbors. China will shoulder its due international responsibilities and obligations in
accordance with the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol and the principle of common but
differentiated responsibilities. China supports the Singapore Declaration on Climate Change, Energy
and the Environment to be adopted at this summit. We will work with you to translate the goal and
initiatives of the Declaration into concrete action, boost efforts of East Asia countries to address
climate change and promote harmonious, clean and sustainable development in East Asia.
Thank you!
第十一单元
逻辑重构
口译主题：科技交流
二、技能训练
Text 1
New Tool May Predict Earthquake
Like most massive earthquakes, experts say the one that hit China's Sichuan province in May,
killing 69,000 people, gave residents no time to evacuate.
According to experts, the most modern earthquake detection systems now in use only detect
quakes seconds before the event.
But seismologists, reporting this week in the journal Nature, are using sensitive tools near
Parkfield, California on the San Andreas fault to detect minor changes in the earth's crust prior to
earthquakes.
They successfully used the equipment hours preceding two earthquakes, one on Christmas 2005
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and a smaller one five days later.
Lead author Fenglin Niu is a seismologist with Rice University in Houston, Texas.
Niuand colleagues made direct measurements leading up to the temblors by inserting
sophisticated electrical probes one kilometer into the fault that detected the tiniest stresses in rocks.
“We found these changes start about ten hours before [a] magnitude three earthquake and two
hours before a magnitude one earthquake,” <said Fenglin Niu.>
The earthquake in China was a magnitude 7.9 in intensity.
Seismologists now want to see if they can detect earthquakes with greater precision by inserting
their equipment 10 kilometers into the San Andreas fault.
Niu says they are following up their experiments with seismologists in China and Japan.
Text 2
Technology Takes Byte Out of Love
Computers have increasingly become an integral, even intimate, part of our daily life. They
have changed the way we do our work and the way we communicate with others, but they also have
become a huge source of distraction, even discord, in our relationships. Americans, you see, are
falling in love with their computers.
Technology has made it possible for people to work on their computers almost anytime,
anywhere. “Eighty-four percent of people are more dependent on their computers than they were a
couple of years ago,” Technology consultant Anthony Rodio says. That’s why so many people have
difficulty getting off-line.
Rodio: We found people are more likely to have a strong relationship with the computer once
they have to rely on it for work. Frequently, when they get home, they get on it under the pretense
that they're getting on it for work. But then they quickly devolve into doing other types of surfing as
well.
A survey by Rodio’s company, Support.com, found that the user-computer relationship often
interferes with the user’s human relationship. “Almost two thirds of Americans now say they spend
more time with their computer than their spouse.”
Rodio says this close reliance on computers can affect the time people do spend with others. “If
there is a problem with your computer, feelings are so intense because you are so dependent on your
computer. It leads to anger, alienation and sadness. That then spills over into problems in their
personal relationship as well.”
Psychotherapist Linda Miles, co-author of The New Marriage, says computers have become a
distraction in many relationships. “You can go for weeks and weeks and not even look at your
partner. It’s very important to make connections everyday with your partner, to not put up walls with
each other.”
Technology can become an addiction, according to relationship expert David Coleman, the
“Dating Doctor”. He compares it to having an affair. “You would say someone is having an affair
that used to mean that they are having an affair with another person. That doesn’t necessarily mean
that anymore. People can have an affair with technology. They can have an affair with their
computers, basically being on their computer all the time. You know you’ve heard over the years
about the responsible use of alcohol, the responsible use of tobacco, I think we're heading toward the
responsible use of electronics.”
People use technology not just to get information, but to communicate. Coleman warns that
relying too heavily on e-mails, text messages and instant messages can hurt a personal relationship,
because there’s no give and take, no chance to see the other person’s reaction. “Let’s say that you are
85
in a relationship with someone and there is something that you really need to discuss with that
person about that relationship. Before, you would normally do it face to face. Now a lot of people
text each other a message or they will send each other an e-mail. What that does is it lets them get
their entire point out, exactly the way they want to say it, without any chance of being interrupted.
It’s very one sided, until you get the response back from the other person.”
However, Coleman says, if used properly, technology can enhance personal relationships.
“Let's say that the person you're involved with－your husband, your wife, a boyfriend or a girlfriend
－you know that they have a very tough day and you don't want to bother them during that day and
you can send them a simple text-message that says, ‘I’m thinking about you, I love you, hang in
there.’”
As Americans celebrate Valentine's Day this week, Coleman suggests that dedicating more time
and undivided attention in person can be the best gift to loved ones, especially in our high-tech
world.
Text 3
Technophobia
Technophobia – What?
Technophobe: Someone who does not like, trust, or want to use technology, especially
computers. (Macmillan English Dictionary)
Technophobia is not a new term and technophobes have existed since the Industrial Revolution
and probably for a lot longer in some shape or form. Today we are living in the Age of Technology.
Things that were once deemed science fiction are becoming a reality. We either accept these changes
and move with the times or we resist and become technophobes. //
Technophobia－Why?
The reality is much simpler than saying that technophobes fear technological advance.
Technophobes are anxious because the environment in which they live and work is changing. Most
phobias are expressed by a strong physical reaction. People who are claustrophobic suffer
palpitations and anxiety attacks when they are enclosed in a small area. An agarophobic suffers in a
similar way if they are exposed to the great outdoors. Technophobes, on the other hand, experience
milder symptoms. They suffer feelings of self doubt and anxiety. They often feel insecure and
obsolete. Some worry that they will lose their job because they cannot keep up with the times. In
more extreme cases, technophobes convince themselves that technology will take over the world or
that humans will be controlled by computers and robots. At other times they are afraid that if they
press the wrong button on their keyboard, the computer will explode. //
Technophobia－Who?
In most cases technophobes belong to older generations who were not brought up playing with
computer games and mobile phones. They have never sent a text message or heard of an iPod. Not
only do they not possess a DVD, they still have not worked out how to use their VHS. These
examples seem to validate the old saying: “You can’t teach an old dog new tricks.” It is
understandable that technophobia exists. Experts in the field of technology are becoming younger
and younger. Being taught by somebody who is young enough to be your grandson goes against the
laws of nature. Traditionally information and knowledge has been passed down from older
generations to younger generations. Young people were taught to respect their elders in part because
of the knowledge they possess. If this system is turned upside down, then what happens to the
respect for our elders? //
Technophobia－The answer
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If ignorance is, in most cases, the cause of technophobia, then it follows that knowledge and
learning is the way to rectify the situation. What technophobes need is information. Simple computer
classes often prove highly successful, especially where the student groups are made up of peer
groups; like-minded people of a similar age who are willing to learn but who have no desire to be
patronised by fellow students who are twenty years younger and possibly quicker on the up-take. It
is equally important that groups of technophobes who have decided “to give it a go” have an
appropriate teacher; somebody as similar as possible to themselves in age. Somebody who will send
out a message that says “If I can do it, then so can you”. //
Text 4
Introduction to the British Water Sector
My personal interest in China started when I was an undergraduate at the Cambridge University.
The master of the college where I was studying was Dr. Joe Needham, an eminent scientist and a
staunch friend of China. At former dinners, he used to give us fascinating accounts of his visits to
China in the 1940s, 50s and 60s when he was collecting information for major work that he
produced called “History of Scientific Achievements in China”. I’m sure he’d be very impressed by
the technological advances that can be seen in China now, although I don’t think he would be
surprised.
I would now like to briefly touch on three topics: the reasons why we have developed a UK
water sector capability statement, what UK Trade and Investment is, and what you will find in this
capability statement.
Now the capability statement has been set up on a website－www.ukwater.biz, and it has been
done this way so that any UK company with water sector expertise can put this expertise on the
website and any potential client in China can go to that website to find information. As Richard
Wood has said, we are very proud of the achievements that have been made in the UK in the water
sector. Formal water service delivery has been developing during the last 200 years all so, but it has
taken great steps forward in the last thirty years. Horuna Titel will tell you more about this in her talk
later on. During the thirty years, water service delivery has moved from being municipality-based,
as it is in many parts of the world, to being based on river basins, and subsequently to being based on
river basins but delivered by the private sector. There are about 500 companies in the UK helping in
various ways to deliver water services and these companies employ 80,000 people. These companies
range from the major water service companies, through consultants, contractors, specialists,
suppliers, and manufacturers and consultants of all sorts. Some of these firms will be talking to you
in a moment. All the skills of the water sector in U.K. are potentially available to the global
community.
Now what is UK Trade and Investment? Well, it is a government department, that has been
given responsibility for supporting and promoting international trade. This is not only for the sake of
the international trade itself, but also because research has shown that those companies that export
are more efficient and profitable than those who don’t. Information is obtained about market
potential from the commercial departments of British embassies and British Consulate Generals.
And this is disseminated through regional UK Trade and Investment offices and through trade
associations like UK Water, who are leading this mission. UK Trade and Investment therefore acts as
a facilitator for establishing global networks, linking potential clients with UK companies and this,
we hope, will lead to partnerships with the UK water industry.
Richard Wood has told you something about the UK regulatory and legislative system. And you
will hear more from other speakers in a moment. Why do we call this regulatory framwork a success?
87
Well, we believe it is a success for several reasons:
It has delivered the government’s objectives in the water sector. And one of the first examples
of this was the way that the private water companies delivered major improvements in the water
service delivery service using private finance, thereby avoiding the need for government finance.
A second success was the way in which the environment has been protected. An example of this
is the significant improvement that has been made in river water quality, and hence in the ecological
status of rivers in England.
The third point is the standard of service delivered to customers in United Kingdom has been
maintained and improved to meet ever more stringent standards.
And the fourth success is that customers have been protected, and particularly this is in
connection with water tariffs when the water service is provided by in fact what are in fact
monopolies.
In summary, we believe that the water sector in Britain is a true cooperation between the public
sector and the private sector, a cooperation in which both sides do what they are able to do best.
Now the water business process requires a range of skills at various stages. Now the stages are
shown in this slide: design, manufacturing and construction, operation; and skills areas are finance,
legal advice, business structures, regulation, and all kinds of feasibility studies.
Finally, I just want to return to the UK international water capability statement. I believe that
some of you have been collecting this brochure on your way in; and if you haven’t, I hope you will
when you go out. It contains two CDs which are both in English and in Chinese. One of them is a
more detailed presentation than the one I am giving you now and the other contains links to the
website and the website itself contains links to the websites of the over 1500 companies that are
registered on it.
When you enter the website, you can carry out searches by company, by brand, and by product
of service. And also on the website are cases histories provided by various companies, which you
might find of interest.
Ladies and Gentlemen, thank you very much for your attention. I hope that you will find the
website interesting and the capability statement will also be of interest and leads to long-term
partnerships with UK firms.
Thank you.
三、对话口译
Text 5
纳米技术
Student: “Nano” has become a trendy term in recent years, with many commodities using
nanotechnology as the selling point. I think many people, like me, will raise the same question: What
is “Nano”?
教授：实际上纳米是长度的单位，一纳米就是十亿分之一米，大概等于头发直径的八万
分之一。
Student: What is nanotechnology then? What are its advantages? Why does it have such a wide
scope of application?
教授：纳米科技是一门跨学科、应用领域广泛的技术。它透过操纵原子和分子，使物质
产生变异的特性，因此可以提供强大的科技应用平台，有助于开发崭新及具有全新特性和功
能的材料和生产工序。只要加上创意，纳米科技就可以令很多以前无法想像的事物一一实现。
Student: That sounds amazing! Can you give me a few examples of the practical application of
88
nanotechnology?
教授：其实你身边就有很多的例子。上网看看，有各式各样的纳米护肤品、纳米衣服、
还有纳米医疗产品、杀菌除臭的空气净化系统和环保节能系统。还有体积越来越轻巧但功能
越来越强的电子产品如高速电脑、超薄显示屏等，所有这些都因纳米科技而应运而生。
Student: So it seems that nanotechnology has huge development potential! No wonder many
countries and regions in the world have devoted substantial resources to vigorously develop R&D in
nanotechnology.
教授：是的，就拿香港来说，多年来香港特区政府资助了多个与纳米科技相关的研发项
目。部分的科研成果已成功转化为商品，例如能阻挡紫外线、自动清洁及防皱的多功能纺织
品及成衣、能杀菌的纳米涂层空气净化系统等。
Student: I also heard that the latest nanotechnology is also adopted in the subway system in
Hong Kong.
教授：没错！香港的港铁最早于 2004 年已在车站内使用纳米光催化涂料来杀菌消毒；在
2006 年，更在车厢内试用纳米节能照明系统。
Student: I believe that with the joint effort of the government, research institute and the
industry, nanotechnology will surely bring more excitement to our lives!
四、篇章口译
1. 英译汉译文
Text 6 联接年轻一代——信息通信技术的机遇
——国际电信联盟秘书长哈玛德·图尔博士在世界电信和信息社会日上的致辞，2007 年 5
月 17 日
在日益网络化的世界中，青年不仅受益匪浅，也往往推动着创新与实践。对许多青年而
言，对信息通信技术（ICT）的依赖已开始左右他们对生活方式的选择。今天，我们肩负着明
确责任：将 ICT 机遇提供给下一代，特别是那些与方兴未艾的数字革命无缘的青少年。
信息社会世界高峰会议（WSIS）确认，青少年是未来的劳动大军和 ICT 的率先采用者，
因此应赋予他们权利。为实现这一重要目标，国家信息通信战略必须满足儿童、尤其是弱势
和边缘化儿童的特殊需求，并保证他们充分融入信息社会。ICT 既是以信息和知识提高儿童和
其它弱势群体能力的强大工具，也是国际大家庭儿童权利保障的促成者。
国际电信联盟是诞生于 1865 年 5 月 17 日的国际组织，历史最为悠久，但青春依旧，始
终站在全球通信的最前沿。作为 WSIS 宣布的全球主导机构之一，国际电联致力于 ICT 基础
设施的建设，促进网络和服务的互操作性、互连互通及全球连通性。国际电联还致力于进一
步强化有利环境，通过推动网络安全使人们逐渐树立使用 ICT 的信心并普及 ICT 的福祉，使
人们随时随地从中受益。
今年，我们重点强调在国际电联的发展活动中关注有关青少年的问题，以便为青少年的
未来提供更多的机会和更佳的选择。我们一方面必须利用 ICT 改进电子教学和教育，以加强
青少年的能力建设；另一方面还应努力提高他们利用 ICT 的能力，把世界建设得更加美好、
和平与富饶。
在庆祝世界信息社会日之际，我们邀请所有的利益攸关方以及国际组织、非政府组织和
公共政策制定机构一道，向世界各地的青少年提供享用 ICT 所需的一切可能的帮助。对于青
少年开展学习、共享信息与知识、增进健康和加强营养以及与其他青少年沟通而言，这是重
要的手段。
为培养下一代做出投入，这是实现各国人民发展愿望的关键所在，尤为有效的方法是在
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当今儿童中普及通信并提高他们的能力。
2. 英译汉译文
Text 7 美国总统布什在美国航空航天局的演讲
感谢你们给予我热情的欢迎。能与航空航天局的各位在一起，我感到很荣幸。我对你们
能亲自来听我讲话表示感谢，我也欢迎那些通过电视收看这次讲话的人们。美国航空航天局
以及它的勇于奉献的专业人员一直反映着我们国家最优秀的品质：在追求伟大目标中的大胆、
守纪、富于创造性以及精诚团结。
美国人民为我们的空间计划而自豪。航空航天局的开创和幻想精神扩大了人类的知识，
使我们对宇宙的了解发生了革命性的变化，并创造了令全人类受益的先进技术。
在前人成就的鼓舞下，在明确目标的指引下，我们今天为美国的航天计划开启一个新的
历程。我们将为航空航天局的未来探索活动提供一个新的关注点和新的幻想。我们将建造新
的航天器把人类送入宇宙，在月球上获得新的立足点，为探索地球以外的太空准备新的旅途。
对太空的探索使我们在天气预报、通信、计算机、搜寻营救、机器人和电子等方面掌握
了先进的技术。我们对太空探索的投入帮助我们创立了卫星通信网和全球定位系统。医疗技
术的发展延长了我们的生命，例如 CT 扫描仪和核磁共振仪的成像技术都是由空间技术的发展
引发的。
我们现有的航天计划和航天器使我们对太空的探索达到当前的水平，它们为我们提供了
良好的服务。我们的航天飞机已经进行了 100 多次飞行，进行了重要的研究，增长了人类的
知识。航天员们和支持他们的科学家和工程师一道，帮助建立了国际空间站。
望远镜，包括太空望远镜，在过去的十年中就已向我们展示了 100 多个星球。空间探测
器让我们看到了令人惊奇的土星环和太阳系的外层星球。遥控机器人已经在火星和木星的卫
星上发现了对生命存在至关重要的水的痕迹。就在此时，“勇气”号火星探测器正在寻找地球
外生命的痕迹。
虽然取得了众多的成就，我们要探索和学习的东西还有很多。在过去的 30 年中，人类没
有踏足过另一个世界，没能到达离开地球表面 386 英里以外的地方。而这只是从华盛顿到波
士顿的距离。在过去的二十五年里，美国一直没有开发新的航空器进行太空探索。
现在是美国采取下一步行动的时候了。
今天我宣布一个探索太空的新计划，扩展人类在太阳系的生存地。我们将利用现有资源
尽快开始这一努力。我们力争稳中求进，每次一个任务、一次航行或一次登陆。
我们的第一个目标是在 2010 年完成国际空间站。我们将完成已经开始的工作。我们将实
现这一项目中对 15 个合作伙伴国的承诺。国际空间站今后的研究工作将着重关注空间旅行对
人类的长期影响。太空环境对人类是有害的。辐射和失重对人的健康造成了危险。我们要更
多地了解它们对人的长期影响，然后才能派宇航员在太空进行为期几个月的探险活动。
我们的第二个目标是：2008 年之前研制和试验一种新的太空飞船，并且在 2014 年前用这
种新型空间探索飞行器进行第一次载人航天飞行。2010 年，工作了将近 30 年的航天飞机将退
出现役。航天飞机退役后，把宇航员和科学家送入空间站的任务将由新一代空间探索飞行器
承担。但这种新型飞船的主要用途，是将宇航员送入我们空间轨道之外的世界去。
我们的第三个目标是 2020 年前重新返回月球，这是我们实施更长远太空探索计划的跳板。
该计划将不迟于 2008 年开始实施，首先将一系列机器人送上月球表面，进行先期研究和准备，
以便为将来实现载人登月探索做好准备。最早到 2015 年，我们将利用新型空间探索飞行器把
人类送上月球表面，实现在月球上生活和工作的目标，然后逐步增加在那里的时间。
对于我们的太空探索计划来说，重返月球是非常重要的一步。在月球上建立人类的长期
基地，可大大减少今后进行太空探索的成本，使人类实现更雄心勃勃的探索计划成为可能。
有了在月球上得到的经验和知识，我们就可以做好下一步太空探索的准备了：将人类送上火
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星甚至更远的星球去。
伴随这样的太空之旅，我们将取得许多技术上的突破。我们还不知道这些突破是什么，
但我们确信：它们必定会来到，而我们的努力将得到更多的回报。由更多太空探索而引发的
幻想将激发年轻一代更加努力学习数学、科学和工程学知识，从而产生出新一代的发明家和
科学先驱。
我们将邀请其他国家与我们一道共同分担这一新的太空发现时代带来的挑战和机遇。今
天我描述的这一愿景是一个征程，而不是一场竞赛。所以我呼吁其他国家加入我们的行列，
与我们一起踏上这一征程，用合作和友谊的精神共同实现我们的目标。
3. 汉译英译文：
Text 8 The Speech by the Financial Secretary, Mr. John C. Tsang, at the Signing Ceremony of the
Shenzhen-Hong Kong DuPont Solar Energy Photovoltaic Technology Development Project，May 5,
2008
Mr. Liu, Dr Muzyka, Ladies and Gentlemen,
Good morning.
I am truly delighted today to witness the signing ceremony of the Shenzhen - Hong Kong DuPont Solar Energy Photovoltaic Technology Development Project. In recent years, rapid
economic growth in this region has exerted enormous pressure on energy supply and on our
environment. From a global perspective, energy resources generated from fossil fuels are facing at
this time a host of formidable challenges, particularly rising prices and environmental concerns.
Renewable energy, such as solar energy, is becoming increasingly important as an alternative power
source to meet the global energy demand.
Pressing energy needs and environmental concerns are indeed some of the many challenges
shared by Hong Kong and Shenzhen. But with challenges come opportunities. The transition from a
fossil fuel-based economy to one based on renewable energy can spur economic growth and create
jobs.
The solar energy industry is expected to develop rapidly into a multi-billion dollar industry,
providing us with many new job opportunities. I am pleased that the Governments of Shenzhen and
Hong Kong are joining hands in establishing a Solar Energy Research and Industrial Platform in
partnership with DuPont. Together we will develop solar energy technologies and engage the
potential of the solar energy industry.
The two letters of intent that will be signed later on today mark the launch of the Solar Energy
Research and Industrial Platform. Under this arrangement, the Hong Kong Science and Technology
Parks Corporation will take the lead in establishing a Solar Energy R&D Support Centre at the
Science Park in Tai Po in the development of solar energy and related technologies in Hong Kong
and the Pearl River Delta; DuPont will join the centre as the first anchor tenant by locating its Global
Photovoltaic R&D Centre in the Science Park. At the same time, the Shenzhen Municipal
Government, in collaboration with the Hong Kong Government, will provide land and other
facilities to support downstream solar product development and manufacturing activities. We will
work together jointly in promoting the use of these products.
With this initiative, we reaffirm the Hong Kong Government’s commitment to protect the
environment and to promote technology development. Solar energy is a clean and sustainable energy
resource. The development of solar energy will help reduce the use of fossil fuels in generating
electricity. This will in turn help to mitigate the problem of air pollution and the effects of global
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warming.
With this initiative, we are also establishing a new model of co-operation in our region that will
no doubt be replicated in the future maximising the comparative advantages of all the parties
concerned.
Innovation and technology are key to enhancing the overall productivity and competitiveness of
our economy. This new centre will be at the forefront of developing more efficient means and
devising new products in generating electricity from solar energy. There will be plenty of
opportunities for collaboration with researchers in our universities. There will also be plenty of new
opportunities for manufacturers here and throughout the Pearl River Delta to play a key role in each
one of the different segments of the supply chain in producing relevant components and products for
use in the overall process. We have an opportunity here to play a leading role in this industry.
The Solar Energy Research and Industrial Platform is a major co-operation initiative between
Hong Kong and Shenzhen to improve the environment and to promote the development of
renewable energy. It also marks a significant milestone for the “Shenzhen-Hong Kong Innovation
Circle”. The benefits of our joint efforts will be extended to other parts of the Mainland and Asia.
I am very pleased that DuPont has chosen to locate its Global Photovoltaic R&D Centre in
Hong Kong. The decision reinforces our position as a prime location for innovation and
technology-based companies in the region. And I look forward to even more companies making use
of this novel model of operation in creating new technologies for mass application in the region.
Ladies and gentlemen, I congratulate DuPont on the momentous decision to make a significant
expansion of its operation in Hong Kong and the Pearl River Delta region. I am confident that this
unique strategic partnership among Hong Kong, Shenzhen and DuPont will flourish as we work
towards a brighter future.
第十二单元
口译笔记（2）
口译主题：金融及银行
二、技能训练
Text 1 To Sell America
Foreigners have been snapping up US companies at the fastest pace in 5 years, but the United
States is not just selling off buildings, brand names and critical infrastructure－It’s also selling off its
financial independence. The United States is becoming more in debt to foreign governments.
In effect, what’s going on is that we are selling our country to the Chinese, Japanese and
Europeans and others, bit by bit, and it’s an incremental process.
In 2001 the outstanding federal government debt topped 3 trillion dollars, 30% of that held by
foreign lenders according to the Economic Policy Institute. Since then the debt has grown another
1.3 trillion dollars, with foreign lending accounting for 80% of the new debt, leading the pack of
those the United States owes money to -- Japan and China.
“We are gonna be subsidizing the Chinese government to the tune of 50 or 100 billion dollars a
year now , and that total could easily double over the next 4 or 5 years.”
With rising interest payments that means more money leaving US shores and less money for US
citizens , for schools, health care and roads.
Say, if we were sitting around the household, we would say, each year we were spending 107
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dollars and only making 100 dollars, and that would be a problem ,and that is really what we are
doing as a country as a whole.
Economists agree this is not sustainable, but tell that to Congress. So far, there has not been the
political will to rein in the budget and trade deficits.
Treasury Secretary John Snow cancelled a trip to Africa this week to lobby Congress to raise
the federal debt limit. Some lawmakers want to attach conditions to the limit increase. One
amendment would set up a “pay as you go” measure, that would force lawmakers to pay for future
budget increases or tax cuts.
Lisa Sylvester CNN, Washington.
12.2 Be a Millionaire in 10 Years
Is it possible to turn your earnings into a million dollars in, let’s say 10 years? That too might be
a long shot, but our next guest says “it is possible”, and it’s no get-rich-quick schemes. Smart Money
magazine has a step-by-step guide that could have you roll in the Benjamins in just 10 years. How
did you do it? Let’s bring in Smart Money’s senior editor Leigh Gallagher.
Hi, Leigh, good to see you..(Thank you)
That sounds pretty ambitious because we are really gonna to be saying here anybody, anybody,
right ? No matter what your income bracket is right now, you might be able to help accumulate a
million dollars if you just do some very basic things,
“That’s very true, you know, it sounds like something that you have to either, you know, million
dollars you have to win a lottery or else invent next Google, but really it’s surprisingly attainable for
almost any household, it just takes commitment, and planning and disciplining across all aspects of
your life really.”
All right, let’s talk about the discipline, let’s beginning [begin] with health. You say (Sure)
taking care of yourself is not just about how you take care of your money, but first you get start with
taking care of yourself, how is it that it can save your money over the long term?
“Well, it’s funny, you know, most people don’t really make the link between your health and
your wealth , but it has a surprising effect, everything from keeping your medical bills down as we
know medical bills are a huge problem for many consumers, but also it’s been shown that people
living in better health actually earn more , this is been tracked and your salary goes up at a faster rate
(Interesting). And in addition to that, you pay more for things like life insurance, a 40-year-old male
who is in good health is gonna pay about $35 a month for a $500,000 life insurance policy. If he’s
overweighed and smokes, it’s gonna be 4 times that (Wow!), so you don’t really realize all the ways
that your health is really affecting your own bottom line.”
Interesting, and when we talk about saving money, we also talking about how you spend your
money, so, so many things you really can’t get around: mortgage, rent, or your, you know, car
payments, etc, but you say you really can be smart about how you try to negotiate your mortgage
rates, or perhaps how you spend your money on your car payments, you think used instead of new or
leased new. (Absolutely)
“Yes, you think you can’t get around in these things, but you can. I mean 1% change on your
mortgage because just lower your rate by one percent, that will save an average household about
$22,000, so you know that’s a big deal, same thing with cars, if you lease a pair of new cars then you
switch to buy a pair of new, of used cars every 5 years, that will bring your cost down by about
$31,000 over this 10-year period that we’re talking about.”
Woo, is that all right? So that’s take a consideration though the kind of maintenance bills you
are more likely to have (Yes) when you buy used for a lease buy something.
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“That include, that’s including ownership cost which we factoring to be magnates. Prepares
everything.” Well, and you’re saying buying used doesn’t just apply to cars, but a lot of other things
from furniture to clothes, etc?
“That’s absolutely true, there’s a great thing called eBay. You can get, you know, you can get
cars on eBay, actually get homes on eBay. But you can buy used everything these days. When we
say used it’s not vintage; we’re talking about barely used merchandize, everything from fined
furniture to Chanel suits, to you name it. I mean it’s out there now. The internet has really broadened
what’s available. And that’s gonna have an effect.”
Well, that is great. Let’s talk about your savings beyond maximizing your 401K at work.
“Sure, we’re saving－this is the way you gonna make the biggest leap by far towards that
million dollars, and hypothetical couple, you know, and most of this, by the way, is happening with
your 401k, that’s by far the biggest weapon at your disposal to sort of reach this, this, level that
we’re talking about here. So you know, we recommend it’s really sacking away 15 percent of your
salary, ideally, you know, that the maximum for a person is $15,000 but not everybody can do that,
but if you just sack away 15% in all hypothetical couple of situation and if they did that over 10
years that would amount to $397,000 and that’s before any investment gains, that’s just in the
contributions alone, so that’s significant.”
All right, that’s very encouraging, Leigh Gallagher, see you, editor of Smart Money magazine.
Thanks so much. (Thank you!)
Text 3 Hong Kong Chief Executive’s Remarks at Bo’ao Forum
Excellencies, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,
I am deeply honoured to be invited by Chairman Long Yongtu to join the annual Bo’ao Forum,
which has rapidly established itself as the primary centre for the discussion of key challenges in
Asia.
Well, recently I heard an Asian friend giving a brilliant speech. He said that in the West,
speeches start with a joke and end with a joke. In Asia, he said, we start with an apology and end
with an apology. And in between, it’s all a joke!
I think Asians are more serious than that and since I don’t have any joke, let me plunge straight
into the very serious subject before us: Should there be a single Asian currency? //
Before we answer this question, we need to ask: Why do we need a single currency? The simple
answer is that if there is a sense of Asian unity, then a single Asian currency can either facilitate that
Asian unity or become a common means towards that end.
But unfortunately, life is not that simple. //
First, Asia spans from the geo-politically sensitive and oil-rich areas of West Asia to, depending
whether you agree or not, as far East as Australasia. In my view, Australia is firmly a part of our
Asia, as Prime Minister Howler just explained to us. Asia is the third zone in the world. It is much
more diverse than either the Americas or Europe. Asia accounts for 60 percent of global population,
but less than one quarter of GDP. Asia ranges from the economic advanced country of Japan to some
of the poorest economies in the world. Japan alone accounts for 52 percent of Asian GDP and 60
percent of Asian financial assets. There is enormous disparity among us. //
Second, Asia is unlike Europe that needed a Single Currency as part of a political union, and
Europe has worked towards political and economic integration for over 50 years before the birth of a
single European currency in 2001. Even with common objectives, it took half a century to achieve a
single currency. //
Third, the rise of the euro has created a serious alternative to the US dollar, and it is not
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currently clear whether there is room for a third global currency. We must not forget that the
Europeans experimented with different currency arrangements, such as the snake or crawling peg,
before we forget them, which were subject to many speculative attacks before the euro was
successfully launched. Can Asian unity and common understanding withstand such speculative
attacks against Asian currencies during this transition? //
Fourth, a single common currency requires deep and robust financial systems and markets,
including strong institutional support. Asia has just recovered from a crisis of global proportions, in
which many domestic weaknesses in our financial systems have been exposed. Is our institutional
and market base ready for the launch of such an important and strategic initiative? //
All these are serious questions, requiring serious answers before the way forward is clear. But
the benefits of globalization and Asian economic integration are clearly strong incentives for us to
think about whether we should work towards a single currency.
Asia has already benefited from globalization. Asia’s share of world merchandise exports has
more than doubled from 10 percent in 1985 to 26 percent in the year 2003. Intra-regional trade
within Asia is growing at an average rate of 14 percent a year over this period, double the average
growth of global exports, and accounting for half of East Asian exports, compared with only 30
percent in the mid-1980s. Trade is dominated by manufactures, and even though the product chain
has been restructured by the division of labour throughout Asia, the ultimate consumption engine
remains largely outside Asia.
The real issue within Asia is whether Asia can generate its own internal engine of domestic
growth, rather than relying primarily on exports. The corollary question is then whether a single
currency or common currency arrangements would help the promotion of intra-Asian trade and
investments. //
Asian industrial restructuring and integration is being driven by FDI flows, particularly
intra-regional FDI flows. Total FDI flows into Asia has risen to US$103 billion in 2003, compared
with only US$20 billion in the early 1990s. According to UNCTAD figures, Hong Kong is the
largest outward direct investors [investor] among developing economies and 7th largest contributors
[contributor] to global outward FDI stock. Hong Kong’s outward FDI to the rest of the world,
especially Asia, amounted to US$336 billion at the end of 2003.
But let me be blunt. Most of the trade within the Asian region and with the rest of the world is
still in manufactures. The share of services, particularly financial services, is still very small. Why
is this?
The answer is that Asia is strong in manufactures and natural resources, but relatively weak in
financial services. We are dominated by large domestic banking systems, our capital markets remain
fragmented and we have not yet begun to build strong retirement and social security funds to provide
for our aging populations. //
Asia as a whole runs a modest current account surplus with the rest of the world, equivalent to 1
percent of GDP in 2003. Most of the current account surplus is placed with the financial markets in
the United States and Europe, with foreign exchange reserves amounting to roughly US$2 trillion.
Most of those funds come back to Asia in the form of FDI and FPI (foreign portfolio investment).
There is therefore a total equity return swap relationship between Asia and the capital markets
outside Asia. We place a large part of our savings outside the region, earning up to 4 percent
annually in long-term bonds in dollar and Euro, and the money comes back to Asia in the form of
leveraged FDI and portfolio investment which earn up to 10-15 percent total return on equity.
This is a symbiotic relationship, and a risk-sharing relationship that is good for all parties. But
if we are ever to think about a common currency, we must think about how we must first strengthen
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our own domestic financial system. //
As you well know, the Asian ministries of finance and central banks have been working hard on
a deep and liquid Asian bond market since the launch of the Asian Bond Fund 1 in June 2003 and
more recently, Asian Bond Fund 2 (ABF2) in April last year. As former Financial Secretary, I
participated actively in these early stages of those discussions. The Hong Kong Monetary Authority
has been working hard with regional central banks to launch both products, especially ABF2, which
will be sold at the retail level. The objective of ABF2 is to act as a catalyst to promote new products,
improve Asian market’s infrastructure and reduce regulatory hurdles in Asian markets that prevent
intra-Asian trade in financial products. //
In this regard, for a host of historical reasons, because of diverse legal and institutional
backgrounds, Asia has unwittingly erected regulatory barriers against trade with each other in a
variety of financial products. We have the irony of growing free trade in physical goods, but
relatively little free trade in financial products within Asia.
For example, it is ironic for a mutual fund registered in Luxembourg or a bond listed on the
Irish Stock Exchange to be traded within Asia than for a Hong Kong mutual fund to be permitted to
be traded in any of the Asian markets and vice versa. Each Asian financial product has to be
individually approved and registered before it could be traded. This explains why there is little cross
trading of Asian financial products. //
This does not make sense, since there is no reason why Asian regulatory standards cannot be
harmonized according to international standards.
Towards this end, the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) has begun to sign
letters of intent (LOIs) with regional jurisdictions to facilitate greater regulatory harmonization in
line with international standards. So far, we have signed LOIs with Indonesia, Thailand and Sri
Lanka. These bilateral LOIs will facilitate more and more Asian financial products (beginning with
mutual funds) to be traded within Asia, paving the way for ABF2 to reach the retail markets across
Asia.
Our work with regional central banks and securities commissions represent concrete and
pragmatic steps in building regulatory cooperation with each other. Once Hong Kong and other
jurisdictions learn from each other in terms of regulatory cooperation, many more Asian financial
products can be traded within Asia. This will generate critical mass for Asian savings to be
re-invested within Asia. Without greater free trade in Asian financial services, monetary integration
cannot happen successfully, if at all in my view. //
In short, we must learn to walk before we can run. As someone who is totally realistic and
pragmatic in the way forward in Asian monetary and financial cooperation, we must first create the
conditions for greater free trade in financial services, before we even begin to talk about monetary
integration and cooperation.
The Bo’ao Forum is one such forum where we can truly and frankly help build that
understanding and friendship whereby a free and prosperous Asian market can be built. As one of the
premier financial centres in the Asian time zone, Hong Kong pledges to work closely with all its
trading and regional partners to build the conditions for greater financial and monetary cooperation
in the future. The case for single Asian currency, in my view, is overwhelming. From the point of
view of regional economical stability and growth in Asia, it is particularly critical in warding off
painful ruptures of our national currency systems across the region, as we saw in 1997 and 1998.
In this regard, I do not have rosy dreams to offer, but only concrete and tentative steps forward.
But in Asia, we understand very well that the journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.
Thank you very much. //
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Text 4
Tony Blair’s Broadcast Speech on Economic Policy
June 30, 2000
In a few week’s time, Gordon Brown will announce to Parliament and the country the
Government’s spending plans for the next three years. I can’t, of course, reveal the details here. But
what I can say that this Comprehensive Spending Review, as it’s known, will deliver sustained extra
investment to continue modernising and improving our key public services－that is hospitals,
schools, transport links and the police.
But we can only promise this extra investment－and be confident we can deliver it over the
next three years－because of the strong state of the economy and the strength of the public finances.
But the fact that we are repaying billions of pounds of our national debt now, that inflation is
low, on target－the lowest at the present time in the whole of Europe－and that nearly a million
more people are in work than when we came into Government. None of this has happened by
chance.
It’s a result－at least in part－of the difficult decisions, sometimes tough decisions, we took in
the early years of this Government. It’s the reward in other words for the economy being run
competently and for the good of all the country.
When this Government came into office, we inherited an economy where annual borrowing was
running at £28 billion a year, the national debt had doubled, we were paying out more just in interest
payments on that debt than we spent on the whole of the UK school system. One in five families had
no breadwinner and inflation was creeping back into the system.
We had to act and we did act to put things right. We gave the Bank of England independence in
monetary policy to help in the fight against inflation and to keep interest rates under control.
We kept, as we promised, to tough spending limits for our first two years.
That included keeping the last Government’s fuel escalator which I know has pushed up petrol
duty automatically above inflation each year.
We also tackled the waste of unemployment - and particularly the scandal of long-term youth
unemployment－through the New Deal.
We brought in the minimum wage, we brought in the new Working Families Tax Credit, the
enhanced Family Credit, to help make work pay and tackle waste and fraud in the welfare system.
And we’ve also targeted tax cuts to benefit the many and to help again ensure that those in work
were rewarded with the basic rate income tax cut and the 10p starting rate of tax.
The result is inflation is low and on target, interest rates round about half the level they reached
under the last Government.
And the public finances are back in good shape. And because of course we’re reducing the
national debt, then we can save on those interest payments.
The New Deal has helped reduce unemployment, youth unemployment by over 60 percent and
we’ve extended it to the long-term unemployed and lone parents who want help back into work.
Round about 250,000 jobs or more have been created in this way.
Living standards are rising, more people are in work and paying tax than ever before.
In short, there is a new stability in our economy which is enabling business to plan with
confidence for the future.
It’s has also enabled us to scrap, in the last Budget, that automatic above-inflation rise in petrol
duty.
I know petrol has gone up and it’s a good deal more expensive that it was. And I know the
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difficulties that causes for people in rural areas and people who have to use their cars a lot of the
time. It is important, however, to point out two things. First, most of the recent rise has been because
of an increase in crude oil prices the world over. The price of oil has risen from round about 18
dollars a barrel sold a short time ago to 30 dollars a barrel or more now.
And secondly, while people say it now costs £50 to fill up the average car with petrol in Britain,
they don’t point out that it also costs over £40 now in Germany and in France where of course there
are motorway tolls and much higher income tax.
But yes, it is the case that the price of petrol also went up because of the action in those early
years when we had to cut Government borrowing. Because if we didn’t, then we were never going to
get the public finances under control. The point that I’m making is this. All these things fit together.
It’s only because of the hard choices, the choices to give the Bank of England independence in
monetary policy, to cut the deficit to put the public finances in order, to solve the problems of
long-term unemployment so we get welfare bills down and have more money to spend on the things
we want. It’s only because of those hard choices that we now can sit down with ease to plan ahead,
to invest more over the next few years to improve schools, hospitals, crime, transport, the key public
services. It couldn’t be done without those tough decisions - not on the basis that we’re planning to
do it which is sustainable increases, year after year after year.
The first responsibility of any Government is to run the economy competently.
It is the first responsibility because it’s the foundation upon which everything else is built. I
promise it’s a responsibility this Government will carry out. And we’ll carry it out because otherwise
the good things we want to spend money on, the public services we need, the facilities and help that
people want, simply can’t be provided. There is a new economic policy in this country today. It’s a
foundation of economic stability and sound public finance, and built on that are strong public
services. We intend and will do both.
三、对话口译
Text 5
CNN 记者采访花旗集团首席财务官莎莉·克劳切克
Journalist: Is international environment maybe a bigger opportunity for the company than the
US is?
莎莉·克劳切克：绝对是。
Journalist: What kind of opportunity is China for you?
莎莉·克劳切克：中国对于我们来说意味着长期机会。我认为很多美国公司已经进入中
国市场，期望获得大量利润。与中国做生意必须有耐心，中国的文化和商业环境和我们的很
不相同。
Journalist: You were not only CFO, you’re also head of strategy?
莎莉·克劳切克：当然。
Journalist: Is there any kind of tension between those roles? Can you balance them?
莎莉·克劳切克：我必须体现花旗集团的社会良知，确保财务数据的正确，可能对公司
不那么好看，但一定是正确的数据。我还把自己定位成一个首席资本分配者，一个交流者。
这三个角色都要很好的互相配合。
Journalist: What would you say about the ability to innovate? Is that an important part of your
job as well?
莎莉·克劳切克：最近我们推出了网上银行服务，相信可以在未来几年里改变我们的业
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务模式。我们要扪心自问：我们在考虑花旗发展战略的时候能看到什么？我们照这样发展下
去，五年、十年或者两个月后会得到什么？是否还是跟现在一样？我们如何展望未来？嗯，
世界将会改变，下一代的花旗集团将会比今天更加全球化，它将建立在我们的实力和即将采
取的措施上。
四、篇章口译
1. 英译汉译文
Text 6
香港财经事务及库务局局长马时亨在中非投资论坛上的演讲
尊敬的来宾，女士们、先生们：
今天我很高兴同各位一起参加中非投资论坛。近年来，中非双边贸易额不断增长,这给我
们提供了一个绝佳的机会，来探讨香港在进一步促进双边投资环境中的作用。
过去几年中，中国与非洲的贸易额显著上升。2000 年，双边贸易总额超过 100 亿美元，
中国从非洲国家进口的产品总值达 56 亿美元。截至 2006 年，贸易额已超过到 550 亿美元。
近年来的年均增长率保持在 30% 至 40%之间，双边贸易有望到 2010 年达到 1000 亿美元大关。
中国采取积极的对非贸易和投资政策，这推动了双边贸易和合作。本月初，中国增加了
从非洲最不发达国家免关税进口的商品数量，目前已超过了 450 种。就在上个月，中国成立
了 10 亿美元的中非发展基金，以鼓励非洲大陆的经济发展，为希望在基础设施，农业和机械
等领域投资的公司提供资金。基金的数量计划达到 50 亿美元，这证明了中国对非洲未来经济
发展潜力的信心。
在欢迎中国进一步投资的同时，非洲评论家也意识到他们可以学习中国在过去 30 多年实
现经济转型的经验。比如，尼日利亚历史学家费米曾经写道：“中国快速的经济转型对于非洲
各国有着重要的指导意义”，他还补充说：“中国的经济表现简直就是一个奇迹”。
为了更好地促进与非洲国家的交流与合作，中国定期举行各种研讨会、论坛和培训课程，
旨在提高能力建设和互相理解。始于 2000 年的中非合作高层论坛，成为促进双方友谊与合作
的主要因素，而在去年 11 月的北京峰会也强调了中国与非洲近年来关系的发展。
中非之间密切合作的另一个明证是非洲人力资源发展基金。自从 2000 年基金成立以来，
中国已经使用该基金为 2 万名专业人员提供了培训。
中国与非洲各国关系的进一步发展将为进一步推动贸易和投资以及经济发展创造良机。
香港现在有一个小型的非洲社区。我们欢迎更多中国大陆的企业把香港作为全球贸易和投资
的基地，同时我们也欢迎更多的非洲投资者和商家来到香港，利用我们提供的便利条件，在
中国进行贸易和投资。
结束演讲前，我要祝贺中非商会成功举办了今天的论坛。我相信此次盛事将更大程度地
推动我们双方的关系，创造更多的贸易和投资机会。
最后，我祝今天的会议取得丰硕的成果，也祝中国大陆和海外的朋友在香港留下快乐美
好的回忆，谢谢！
2．汉译英译文
Text 7 Looking for a General Equilibrium of the Internal and External Economy
－By the Director-general of the Institute of National Economy, China Reform Research
Foundation at 2007 the Fourth Fortune China Forum
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! Today I would like to touch upon the topics of new
financial era and financial liberalization. It should be admitted that starting from last year, China has
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ushered in a new stage of development of the financial market: the stock market has gained a sound
basis for development after several years’ reform, and major banks have fastened their renovation.
We are, therefore, coming to a new stage of economic development.
Having said that, I also want to express a view that the liberalization and opening of financial
industry is a long-term and risky process. And we should base our consideration of financial
liberalization on our awareness of the risks. This year is the 10th anniversary of the international
financial crisis; we have received many invitations, asking us to review the lessons of the Asian
Financial Crisis. This reminds us of the question whether the existing financial system is solid
enough to cope with international risks.
Another issue we need to consider is: what’ s the impact of RMB appreciation on domestic
economy? First of all, the competitiveness of exported products will be reduced. And who will be
worse affected? The private enterprises; they will suffer loss and even bankruptcy. Consequently, the
migrant workers will also be involved, as they see their salary and living standard remain at the same
levels after RMB appreciation.
Therefore, RMB appreciation may be conducive to the external balance, but not to the internal
one. This will widen China’s wealth gap and slow down the increase of employment. So we need to
figure out some other solutions beneficial for both external and internal balance.
If we look at the reason, domestically and internationally, for the high competitiveness of
China-made products, the inexpensive labor cost is the answer. But I believe the enhancement of the
competitiveness of China-made products is also due to many other factors, including our
technological advance.
So from this perspective, if we can increase investment on the welfare of workers, we can
achieve relative balance between the internal and external economy. What can the government
supply? The answer is: to reform the social security system, which will help solve the problems of
low living standard of the migrant workers and wealth gap between the urban and rural areas.
3. 汉译英译文
Text 8
Vice Premier Wang Qishan’s Speech at the 2008 International Investment Forum
Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends,
It is a great pleasure to attend the International Investment Forum 2008 in Xiamen. First of all,
on behalf of the Chinese government, I would like to warmly welcome all the guests coming from
afar. As the global economy and the financial sector face various challenges against the backdrop of
deepened globalization, an in-depth discussion centering on the theme of “Strengthening
International Investment Cooperation and Promoting Global Economic Development” becomes both
relevant and forward-looking.
This year marks the 30th anniversary of China’s reform and opening up. During these 30 years,
China has successfully accomplished the great historic transformation from a planned economy into
a socialist market economy, and from being a closed or semi-closed country to a country open in
every dimension. Remarkable achievements have been made in social and economic spheres. The
country has leaped to be the world’s 4th largest economy and 3rd largest trading power. Its people
are living a moderately prosperous life overall. Since its accession to the WTO, in particular, China
has entered a new stage of all-round opening up. Opening-up, either in terms its breadth, depth or
quality, has been driven at a pace never seen before. China is so much integrated into the global
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economy that it has become an inalienable part of it. Reform and opening-up have not only
promoted China’s economic development, institutional innovation and social progress, but also
contributed to world’s economic prosperity and stability.
Nevertheless, we are acutely aware that China is still in the early stage of socialism and will
remain so for a long time to come. There is still a long way to go before we achieve modernization.
With the accelerated industrialization and urbanization, expedited systematic and institutional
transformation and deepened reform and opening-up, China is not only facing development
opportunities, but also many difficulties and challenges. We will follow the roadmap laid down in
the 17th National Congress of CPC, stick to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, apply
the scientific outlook on development, transform the mode of economic growth from extensive to
intensive, and balance growth speed with economic structure, quality and efficiency, so as to achieve
a sound and rapid development of the national economy.
Since the beginning of this year, the Chinese economy has weathered severe challenges and
tests. Domestically, there were catastrophic natural disasters such as the rarely-seen snow and ice
storms and the massive Wenchuan earthquake. Externally, there are negative factors such as the
global economic slowdown, mounting global inflationary pressure and world-wide financial market
turbulences. Against such complicated domestic and foreign backdrops, we have taken a set of
timely countermeasures, thanks to which the national economy is still on track to achieve the
macroeconomic targets, while the overall economy remains healthy. In the first half of this year,
China’s GDP was up by 10.4% year on year, while consumption, investment and export growth
moved towards a more balanced direction. We are both confident and capable of overcoming the
present difficulties and challenges, keeping the steady and rapid development of the national
economy, and realizing the goal of reining in price surges.
Ladies and gentlemen, friends,
With the deepening of reform and opening up, foreign investment has picked up pace and
gained size flowing into China, bringing along a great deal of capital, advanced technology and
managerial expertise. FDI has become an important drive for the Chinese economy. The scale and
quality of FDI have constantly improved. China has attracted the largest amount of FDI among
developing countries in the past 16 years in a row. Many multinational companies consider China as
their first choice when it comes to making investment decisions. Foreign investment is also seen in
more and more fields, covering almost all sectors, ranging from agriculture, manufacturing to
services. The ways of using foreign investment has shifted from such direct investment as greenfield
investment to more complex forms like equity participation, M&A and securities issuance.
Meanwhile, Chinese enterprises have accelerated their pace of “going global”.
China will continue to follow unswervingly the state policy of opening up, constantly improve
its policy measures on FDI inflow and outbound investment, and create broader space for the
development of foreign businesses in China.
First, paying greater attention to improving the investment environment. We will accelerate the
building of a service-oriented government, exercise administration according to law and through
services, and improve administrative efficiency and service quality. The modern market system will
be further perfected, with a strengthened legal framework and IPR protection regime so as to create a
fair market environment, an open and transparent legal environment and a stable and predictable
policy environment for investors. In recent years, the measures adopted by the Chinese government
include a uniform corporate income tax system for both domestic and foreign enterprises, intensified
environmental protection, promulgation and implementation of the Labor Contract Law and
Anti-Monopoly Law. All these are conducive to promoting fair competition among enterprises and
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enhancing their competitiveness for sustainable development.
Second, endeavoring to improve the quality of FDI utilization. The role of FDI in promoting
independent innovation, industrial upgrading and coordinated regional development will be given
full play, and the industrial structure and regional distribution of FDI utilization will be optimized.
FDI will be encouraged to flow into high-tech industry, modern agriculture, energy-saving and
environmental-friendly industry, modern services and service outsourcing businesses. High-end
manufacturing and R&D will be encouraged in China. FDI will be guided to contribute to the
revitalization of old industrial bases in areas like Northeast China, and to the development of central
and western regions. Meanwhile, industries with high energy consumption and high pollution will be
tightly restricted from shifting into China.
Third, constantly innovating in the ways of FDI utilization. On the basis of improving FDI
policy and regulatory regime, foreign investors will be encouraged to take part in the reorganization
and transformation of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in various forms. We will encourage foreign
investors to establish venture investment enterprises and perfect the venture investment exit
mechanism. Multinational corporations will be encouraged to accelerate localization, establish
regional headquarters, R&D centers, sourcing centers, logistic centers and operational centers in
China, and cooperate more closely with Chinese supporting enterprises on personnel training,
process management and market exploration.
Fourth, strengthening corporate social responsibility. Through intensified guidance and
regulation, we will draw the attention of all enterprises, including foreign-funded ones, on improving
working conditions, ensuring workers’ rights, adopting advanced energy-saving and
environmental-friendly technologies, saving energy and resources and protecting the ecological
environment on a voluntary basis. Meanwhile, we encourage their involvement in social welfare
undertakings like disaster relief and social assistance programs so as to promote the harmonious and
stable development of the society.
Fifth, actively supporting competent domestic enterprises to go global. Thanks to years of
efforts, some Chinese enterprises have been equipped with the capability and conditions to invest in
certain sectors in other countries. We encourage competent enterprises to make direct investment
overseas, engage in cross-border operation, and direct enterprises to develop processing trade,
support them to conduct international operations in R&D, manufacturing and marketing, and foster
multinational companies and well-known brands with Chinese origin. We welcome enterprises from
all the other countries to cooperate with their Chinese counterparts and jointly explore the
international market.
Ladies and Gentlemen, Friends,
The Chinese government has always been committed to trade and investment liberalization and
facilitation, and opposes any form of protectionism. We are ready to join hands with other countries
to follow the trend of globalization, remove trade and investment barriers, address difficulties and
challenges, thus contributing to world economic prosperity and stability.
Many guests present at the Forum are old friends of China, who, as witnesses of China’s history
of reform and opening up, have been devoted to the exchanges and cooperation between China and
other countries over the years. I hope every one can make full use of this platform, strengthen
communication and understanding, reach more consensus and yield more results so as to make more
contribution to international investment cooperation and world economic prosperity.
I wish the International Investment Forum 2008 a complete success! Thank you.
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第十三单元
口译转换
口译主题：中国国情
二、技能训练
Text 1
Primer Wen Jiaobao’s Press Conference 2005
(Excerpt)
[温家宝]：各位记者，女士们、先生们，大家好。据我知道，参加两会采访的中外记者有
2,000 多名。因为今天会场的限制，到会采访的只有 700 多名。借此机会，我对记者们对中国
改革和建设的关心和客观公正的报道，表示衷心的感谢。
Wen: Ladies and gentlemen, good morning. As you know, there are more than 2,000 journalists
from China and abroad covering the NPC and CPPCC sessions. However, due to the limited seating
capacity in this hall, only about 700 of them are present here. I'd like to use this opportunity to
express my thanks to the journalists for their interest in China's reform and development as well as
their objective and fair covering of China.
[温家宝]：我还要说一下，其实关心两会的是全中国人民。昨天我浏览了一下新华网，他
们知道我今天开记者招待会，竟然给我提出了几百个问题。我觉得他们对国事的关心，深深
感动了我。他们许多建议和意见是值得我和我们政府认真考虑的。
Wen: Let me also say, as a matter of fact, every person in China has great interest in the affairs
of their own country. Yesterday I logged onto xinhuanet.com and saw hundreds of questions raised
by ordinary people, since they knew that I was going to give a press conference. I was deeply
touched by their interest in national affairs. Many of their proposals and suggestions narrowed the
serious consideration of the government.
[温家宝]：大会顺利结束了，但是我们面前的路是不平坦的，要保持头脑的冷静，形势稍
好，尤需兢慎。居安思危，思则有备，有备无患。
Wen: Now the session of the NPC is over, yet the road ahead could be rather bumpy. We must
be mindful of potential perils and get fully prepared for the worst. We must be sober-mined, cautious,
and prudent, especially when the situation is getting a little better.
[温家宝]：我们这个民族在历史上灾难太深重了，这就培育了他忧患的意识、生存意志和
追求和平与发展的愿望。我们这个国家太大，问题太多、太复杂，这就要求我们这个民族不
畏艰险、百折不挠、坚定信心、永远奋斗。
Wen: Our nation has gone through so many disasters and hardships in history that we are now
blessed with a sense of urgency, a determination to survive and an aspiration for peace and
development. Our country is so big, and problems so numerous and complex. That we, as a nation,
must have a courage to overcome difficulties, confidence to win and a dauntless spirit to work hard
and persist.
[温家宝]：我愿意借此机会回答记者们的提问。我是用心来回答大家的提问。因此，我不
紧张，也不害怕。
Wen: Today I'm here at this press conference ready to answer your questions. I'll speak from my
heart. I'm neither nervous nor afraid.
[新华社记者]：总理您好，我是新华社记者。也是新华网的记者。首先请允许我代表我们
全体新华社记者，感谢总理在百忙之中登录我们的新华网。去年您曾经讲过，宏观调控对政
府是一个新的重大考验，这个考验不亚于 SARS 的考验。现在一年多过去了，我想请问总理
的是，您对去年的宏观调控有怎样的评价？今年宏观调控有什么特点？力度会不会进一步加
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大？谢谢。
Xinhua: I am representing Xinhua news agency as well as Xinhua net. On behalf of all the
employees of the Xinhua News Agency, I would like to thank you, Mr. Premier, for taking time out
of your very busy schedule to log onto the xinhuanet.com. Last year, you said macro-regulation was
a new and severe task for the government. It was no easier a task than fighting against SARS. Now a
year has passed could you comment on last year's work with regard to macro regulation? Could you
also speak of the new features and characteristics of macro regulation for this year? Will you
intensify these policy measures?
[温家宝]：过去两年我们在经济上遭遇了一场遭遇战，我们及时、果断地采取了宏观调控
的措施，打了一套“组合拳”。现在可以说，宏观调控取得了明显的成效。我们成功地避免了经
济的大起大落，避免了物价的过度上涨。我们保持了经济平稳、较快地运行，保持了物价的
基本稳定。但是我们丝毫不可松懈，摆在我们面前的形势如同逆水行舟，不进则退。
Wen: In the past a couple of years, we have been facing a battle upfront in terms of economic
development. To fight this battle, we have combined a series of policies. We can say now these
policy measures have achieved remarkable results. We have been successful in avoiding major ups
and downs in the economy, preventing excessive price hikes, and keeping the prices at a stable level
and maintaining stable and fairly rapid economic growth. Now we mustn’t slacken our efforts in the
slightest way. The situation we are facing now is like going upstream. If we don't forge ahead, we
will simply fall back.
[温家宝]：我想换一个角度给大家讲一下。第一，宏观调控的基础还不巩固，粮食增产、
农民增收的困难加大，特别是生产资料价格上涨的幅度大了。固定资产投资的规模极有可能
反弹，煤、电、油、运依然紧张。一、二月份电力增长 12％，但是却有 25 个省市区发生拉闸
限电的现象，这就反映经济生活这根弦绷得还很紧。
Wen: Let me put the problems we face in proper prospective. First, the foundation for macro
regulation needs to be consolidated further. We face considerable difficulties in further increasing
grain output and farmers' income. In particular, because of the soaring price for capital goods, it is
more difficult for us to achieve these goals in terms of grain output and increasing farmers' income.
Moreover, investment growth in fixed assets may well pick up again. Coal, electricity, oil and
transportation are still in short supply. In the first two months of this year, power generation
increased by 12 per cent. Yet 25 provinces, including autonomous regions and municipalities directly
under the State Council, experienced blackouts. In the economy, the supply chain is overstretched.
[温家宝]：第二，在我们的面前遇到一系列“两难”的问题。经济发展慢了不行，那样就业
压力就会更大，财政收入会减少，许多应该办的各项事业缺乏资金。快了也不行，经济生活
长期处于紧张阶段，难以为继。
Wen: Second, we are facing a series of dilemmas in our economy. For example, a slow
economic growth rate won't do, because it would make it more difficult for us to create jobs,
increase revenue, and engage in necessary undertakings for society. Yet too fast a growth rate won't
do either, because if the economy is overstretched for a long time, it’s in an unsustainable situation.
[温家宝]：第三，中国经济发生的问题，说到底是结构性的问题，经济增长方式问题和体
制问题。而解决这些深层次的问题需要时间。
Wen: Third, the problems we face in China's economy can all boil down to structural problems,
the mode of growth patterns and institutional problems. All these deep-rooted and underlying
problems will take time to be addressed.
[温家宝]：综上所述，我想明确告诉大家，摆在政府面前的第一位任务，是通过加强和改
善宏观调控，继续保持经济平稳、较快发展。“行百里者半九十”——绝不能半途而废，当然
我们将更加注重区别对待,有保有压，注重采用经济机制的调节和经济手段的调节。谢谢大家。
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Wen: In a word, the top priority for the government is to further strengthen and improve macro
regulative policy measures in order to sustain a stable and fairly rapid economic growth rate. If the
journey is 100 miles, travelling 90 is only half of it. We mustn’t stop; we mustn’t waste our previous
efforts. In the meantime, we must also pay special attention to differentiated treatment to different
situations by combining expansive and contractive measures. We must also take both administrative
as well as economic means to achieve macro regulative objectives.
Text 2
Can China Cool off Its Overheating Economy?
The good news is, I think that, the most likely scenario is that China will continue to grow well
for at least another 15 years. I’d like to call myself a cautious optimist, because I think there is a
good chance this optimistic scenario will play out. But I am cautious, because I basically agree with
Minshi about the diagnostic of the problem. So I think the fundamentals are in place for China to
continue to grow well. You know it has this large, rural-urban migration. It’s creating a large urban
labour force. It’s very open economy; it’s well connected to the global market. And many Chinese
cities created a very good investment climate where Chinese enterpreurship is generating a lot of
private investment in innovation and development. All those fundamentals will remain in place about
15 years. But I agree with Minshi that there are some very serious risks. I see the three biggest risks
to be the environment, the social deficit and also the trade imbalance. The reason I can be a cautious
optimist is that I think the government is moving in each of these 3 areas. So let me just say a few
words about each area, starting with the environment.
I really do think that natural scarcity and environmental degradation is the single biggest
challenge that China faces. It’s a natural scarce country. The whole country has pretty serious water
shortage. And the northern part of the country has really very acute water shortage. Almost half of
the people live in the northern part of the country. So you’ve got water shortage; you’ve got serious
pollution water all around China. You also have serious air pollution. China has 20 of the 30 most
polluted cites in the world. And we’ve just worked togther with the environmental agencies in China
to do the first health cause of air and water pollution in China and the health causes are really quite
alarming. So I think the environmental issues are serious. You read about it all the time in New York
Times and other western outlits. Well, you may not be aware of that it’s m environmental issue that
China makes progress. So air pollution has improved in the majority of Chinese cities, particularly in
the Southern part of the country. There is dramatic decline in air pollution. Water pollution in the
Southern part of the country in early 1990s: Almost no river had drinkable water. Now almost 60
percent of rivers in the South have drinkable water. So there have been clear measures that have been
taken to try to improve and address some of these environmental issues. So I am somewhat
optimistic that trend will continue. I would say a key part of that is pricing natural resources
appropriately. Chinese has tended to have low water and energy prices and has been gradually tried
to increase the price of water and the price of energy. And now this is one factor that leads to the
conservation and to better use. But I’d like to paint a balance picture of pretty serious balance crisis.
But progress in some parts of the country. It’s interesting that in some parts of the country. I think
Chinese cities compete with each other. They used to compete just to attract investment. They used
to compete to attack the big polluting industries. Now I see a lot of Chinese cities are competing to
make greener environment, because they realize a good living environment is part of being
competitive. So you’ve got cities like Hangzhou and Suzhou. They are working very hard to create a
better living environment because they want to attract engineers and top-flight talents to complete
with the Silicon Valley.
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Second key issue for Chinese is the social deficit. China has developed a very high degree of
inequality, similar to the level of inequality in United States. But the way to think about thisis that:
Unbarn incomes in China are going up about 10 -- 20 percent a year. Rural is growing about 5-6
percent a year. So that generates a lot of inequality. But I emphasize the rural real incomes are
going up much more rapidly than any elsewhere in the world. So there continues to be very rapid
poverty reduction. Just between 2001 and 2004, Chinese cut its poverty by 1/3 in 3 years. So it is
true that this rapid growth is benefiting every one in the country materially. It is just benefiting
people in the cities much more so than the people in the countryside. The best hope for dealing with
the inequality is to make it easy for people to live in the countryside and move to cities. And we are
beginning to see some evidence of that.
Now the third issue I mentioned briefly is the trade imbalance. I actually think the trade deficit
from the US side is not a particularly big issue, not that important and I am happy to discuss that.
But I think from the Chinese side the trade imbalance is a problem. China’s trade surplus has reached
10 percent of GDP. Quite a bit of Chinese growth comes from increasing the trade surplus every year.
Now China is a big player in the world market. They are not going to be markets, even without
political interference but protectionism, they are just not going to be markets. They can absorb big
increase year after year. China’s still a developing country, so the 10 percent trade surplus, the 10
percent GDP trade surplus means that China is exporting capital of 10 percent GDP every year,
which frankly just doesn’t make sense for a poor country. So I think addressing the trade imbalance
is an important short-run challenge for China.
Now I want to end by saying there’s very obvious policy package to address all three of these
challenges simultaneously, if the government would aggressively raise the price of energy and
water, and enforce environmental standards, they can address the environmental issues more
forcefully. That by itself will tend to make Chinese people poor, following the price of gasoline
doubled, price of water doubled. That would tend to make Chinese people poor. But if you let the
exchange rate appreciate 10 percent or so, that by itself tends to make Chinese people richer and also
that by itself tend to be deflationary and it would mitigate the effort of raising the price of energy and
water. And then that would of course slow down the export machine, which is something that
government concerns about. So if you allowed some percentage rate of appreciation, to cool off the
manufacturing sectors, you could actually pump a lot of public money into health and education,
which would meet real needs and stimulate the macro economy. So there’s an obvious policy
package that would keep China growing in a very healthy way, but addressing the environmental and
social deficit much more forcefully than it is occuring. And then the obvious question is why are
they doing it. And then I would say that the serious leadership is gradually doing this. So you do see
increase of energy and water prices. We’ve seen a 20 percent increase of government’s spending on
rural health and education. And from my point of view, I would like to see more rapid movement on
this policy package, but I do see movement on the policy package and if China continues down that
path. I think they can grow successfully in a more balanced way, meet their needs, take some of the
pressure off the international imbalance and DHL can make a lot of money by investing successfully
in China. So that’s the optimistic scenario.
三、对话口译
Text 3
对话：黄教授谈中国文化
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记者：黄教授，最近我读了一篇有关中国文化的新闻报道，上面说中国传统文化的影响
由于受到西方文化的冲击正在逐步淡化。你是怎样看待这个问题的呢？
Professor Huang: Well, I’ve read it, too. I should say the article is groundless.
记者：但是，现在越来越多的中国人更喜欢吃诸如麦当劳和肯德基一类的西餐，而不是
中餐；越来越多的人更喜欢过圣诞节，而不是中国的春节。
Professor Huang: You might be right about that. But this doesn’t mean the Chinese traditional
culture is becoming any less important.
记者：你能否具体的解释一下呢？
Professor Huang: Yes. First let’s look at the fact you mentioned just now. It’s true that today
some Chinese, especially the youth, are influenced by the western culture so much that they
overlook some inner parts of their own culture. Actually, I can give you another example about such
a different attitude towards Chinese and western festivals.
记者：什么例子？
Professor Huang: Nowadays, many young Chinese are enthusiastic about the Valentine’s Day.
On February 14th, young men and women would send each other roses and chocolates, and go to
western restaurants for a romantic dinner.
记者：跟我们西方人差不多？
Professor Huang: Exactly. But when asked, few of them know about the traditional Chinese
festival for people in love with each other, or Qi Qiao festival, which is on July 7th in the Chinese
lunar calendar. Although people do not send flowers and chocolates to each other, the festival carries
on the same meaning of celebration for love and purity.
记者：那么中国传统文化出现这种变化背后的原因是什么呢？
Professor Huang: I should say globalization is one of the most important reasons. With the
closer link between China and other countries in the world, foreign cultures, especially the western
one, have had great impact on the Chinese traditional culture.
记者：我懂了。现在让我们回到中国传统文化的作用上来。你为什么会认为中国传统文
化的影响没有减弱呢？
Professor Huang: Because many things that are popular today in China, or even in the world,
are parts of the Chinese traditional culture, such as Kung-fu, Chinese food, Peking Opera, you name
it. By the way, speaking of Peking Opera, I can share with you something interesting. While many
Chinese young men are kind of losing interests in Peking Opera, more and more foreigners are keen
on this kind of traditional opera.
记者：真的？
Professor Huang: Yeah. Several days ago, our university sponsored an international Peking
Opera contest, in which 80 Peking Opera fans and learners from 33 countries put on a fantastic
performance.
记者：真让人大开眼界。
Professor Huang: Absolutely. I think the Chinese traditional culture is, to some extent,
regaining its importance. Of course, we should do more to preserve and promote the Chinese
traditional culture.
记者：你有什么好建议吗？
Professor Huang: Yes. We can hold more events that feature Chinese traditional culture and
invite foreign friends to take part in these events. In this way, they’ll learn more about the traditional
culture in China. We can also add some exotic elements into our cultural tradition so as to rekindle
the interests of the Chinese people, especially young ones, in their own culture.
记者：好建议！
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Professor Huang: I believe the Chinese traditional culture will be rejuvenated in the near
future.
记者：似乎您对中国传统文化有很大的信心。
Professor Huang: Definitely.
记者：好的，谢谢你今天来参加我们的节目，黄教授。
Professor Huang: Thank you.
四、篇章口译
1. 英译汉译文
Text 4
英国女皇在欢迎胡锦涛主席访英宴会上的演讲（2008）
尊敬的阁下，女士们、先生们：
能在白金汉宫为您和刘女士举行欢迎宴会，我深感荣幸，欢迎您对英国进行国事访问。
对英国来说，您当然不算是新朋友。这是您今年的第二次来访，2001 年阁下作为副主席访问
英国时我们就见过面。
距我上次访问中国已经快 20 年了。自那以后，中国的发展已经引起了全世界的关注和羡
慕。中国人民将要建设一个什么样的国家，中国人民在 21 世纪的世界上会扮演什么样的角色，
其他人又将如何理解你们的作为，这对我们大家都是很重要的。
中国的发展给您和您的政府带来了严峻的挑战，但也同时带来了巨大的机遇。九月份，
罗尤公主（Royal）访华期间，参观了北京和上海这两个发展中的旗舰城市。她还了解了中国
政府以及非政府组织在安徽和甘肃两地农村的扶贫情况。我很高兴中国能在今年早些时候参
加非洲消除贫困问题的讨论，跟国际社会分享你们有关扶贫的宝贵经验。
20 年来，世界也发生了很大变化。1986 年，当我访问中国的时候，我们都没有意识到冷
战很快就要结束，对于全球变暖问题的重要性也知之甚少。现在我们可以一起努力，在国际
大环境下解决环境保护和可持续发展问题。
这些变化当中有一个不变的主题，那就是自从我们两国 1954 年建交以来，双方关系一直
稳定发展。1997 年香港回归中国是一个重要的里程碑。我们必须继续推动双方全面战略关系
的有效发展。
今年您参加了在 Gleneagles 召开的八国峰会，而且在北京举行的纪念中英建交 30 周年的
活动上会见了我们的首相。这都是见证我们双方伙伴关系的极好例证。
我很高兴有那么多的中国年轻人来英国学习和工作，也很高兴有更多的中国游客来到我
国。7 月份的时候，约克郡公爵迎来第一批旅游团，迄今来英国的旅游团已经上千。越来越多
的英国人在中国工作、旅游和学习，我们在贵国的贸易和投资势头强劲，英国的公司在中国
创造了很多的工作机会，中国公司在我们这里也同样如此。我们对中国走向市场经济提供的
越来越多的机会表示欢迎。
我们不断增加的文化与体育交流，展现了我们两国悠久的传统，也体现了这些方面发展
的强劲势头和创造力。未来七年，我们两国首都的人民将共享作为奥林匹克运动会主办城市
的体验。在科学方面，我们也有丰富的合作传统。联合王国很高兴作为中国的合作伙伴，参
与了有着二十一世纪科学发展的里程碑意义的国际人类基因组排序的工作。今年我们在医药
科学和可更新能源的研究等重要领域有一系列的超过 60 个项目的合作，把双方在科学技术方
面的合作推向了一个新的高度。
尊敬的阁下：您的这次国事访问，促进了英中两国之间关系的蓬勃发展，充分展示了我
们双方对发展与双方关系的关切。这种关系对于我们双方都具有极大的意义；对我们两国人
108
民来说，这一关系充满了发展潜力，蕴含了丰富机遇。孔子曰：有客自远方来，不亦乐乎。
今天晚上我很高兴能在这里欢迎您的到来；我预祝您和刘女士对英国的访问愉快圆满。
现在我提议我们所有的来宾举杯：为中华人民共和国主席阁下，为刘女士，也为中国人
民干杯。
3. 汉译英译文
Text 5
President Hu Jintao’s 2008 New Year Address
Ladies and Gentlemen, Comrades and Friends,
As the clock counts down the few remaining hours to the Year 2008, I am very delighted to
extend the New Year greetings，through China Radio International, China National Radio and China
Central Television, to Chinese people of all nationalities, our compatriots in the Hong Kong Special
Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region, and in Taiwan, overseas Chinese and
our friends of various countries around the world.
The year 2007 saw new changes in the world and China has also made new progresses. Chinese
people have continued to work shoulder to shoulder in building a well-off society in an all-round
way. China’s comprehensive national strength has further strengthened and people’s livelihood has
further improved. Chinese people have boosted exchanges and cooperation with people of various
nations, actively engaged in the proper settlement of hot issues in the international community, and
pushed for the building of a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity.
2008 will be a significant year for Chinese people as we will mark the 30th anniversary of
China’s opening up and reform. Initiated in 1978, the reform and opening-up drive is a crucial option
that determines the fate of contemporary China. It has brought historic changes to socialist China.
We will continue to adhere to the principle of “One Country, Two Systems” and the policies of
“Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong, Macao people governing Macao with a high degree of
autonomy”. We will join hands with compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao to safeguard the
long-term prosperity and stability of both regions. We will also adhere to the basic principle of
“peaceful reunification and one country, two systems”. We will grasp firmly the theme of peace and
development in handling cross-Straits relations, and work for the well-being of compatriots on both
sides of the Taiwan Straits, strive for peace in the region and resolutely safeguard national
sovereignty and territorial integrity.
At present, humankind is facing an increase in troubles and challenges. Sharing the
opportunities for development and meeting the challenges together for the lofty cause of human
peace and development are the common wishes of people in all countries. Here I would like to avail
myself of this opportunity to reiterate that China will continue to hold high the banner of peace,
development, and cooperation, and safeguard world peace and stability. And we sincerely hope that
people of all nations can live a peaceful life of freedom, equality, harmony, and happiness under the
same blue sky.
In 2008, the 29th Summer Olympic Games and Paralympics will be held in Beijing. We, as the
host, will spare no effort and enthusiasm in making the two games the grand opportunities for people
around the world to understand, befriend and cooperate with each other. We warmly welcome
athletes from all nations to take part in the Olympics and Paralympics games, and also welcome
friends from around the world to come to China and watch the games. At last, from Beijing, I wish
you all a happy, healthy and prosperous new year!
109
3. 汉译英译文
Text 6
President Hu Jintao’s Speech at the Waseda University (2008)
Respected Mr. Katsuhiko Shirai, President of Waseda University, Respected Mr. Yohei Kono, Dear
Faculty Members and Students, Dear Friends,
Let me begin by thanking you, Mr. Katsuhiko Shirai, for your kind invitation. I am pleased to
have the opportunity to come to Waseda to meet young friends and teachers of this renowned
university. I would like to express, on behalf of the Chinese people, warm greetings and best wishes
to all friends present and the Japanese people.
Waseda University, which is familiar to the Chinese people, has a long relationship with China.
Back in the early 20th century, Waseda University admitted thousands of Chinese students.
Dear Faculty Members and Students, Dear Friends,
“All roads in the world lead to Waseda.” This is a well-known saying in Waseda University. In
order to promote the long-term, healthy and steady growth of Sino-Japanese relations and pass on
friendship from generation to generation, we need to increase mutual understanding between our
peoples. Here, I would like to speak to you about China's past and its present. I hope this will help
you gain a better understanding of China.
China is a country with a time-honored history. It is also a country that is undergoing profound
changes. In the 5,000-year-long history of its civilization, the industrious and talented Chinese
people, with dynamism and creativity and in an unyielding spirit of self-improvement, have created
the splendid Chinese civilization and contributed significantly to the progress of human civilization.
China has also traveled a tortuous and difficult path in the course of development.
This year marks the 30th anniversary of the introduction of the reform and opening-up policy in
China. It is a year of special significance for China and for the Chinese people. Over the past 30
years, China has successfully made the historical transition from a highly centralized planned
economy to a robust socialist market economy, and from a closed and semi-closed country to a
country that is wide open to the outside world. China's economy, once ranked eleventh on the globe,
has grown into the world's fourth largest. China has become the third biggest trading nation in the
world. The Chinese people, once lacking basic living necessities, are now enjoying initial prosperity.
Historic changes have taken place in China.
If a country or nation is to develop itself in this increasingly competitive world, it must be
determined to carry out reform, boost development, persist in opening up, put people first and
promote harmony. This is the conclusion we have drawn in the great cause of reform and
opening-up.
To be determined to carry out reform means that we should advance with the times and make
bold changes and innovations. We should resolutely break with all ideas and mindsets that hamper
development, change all regulations and practices that impede development, and remove all
institutional barriers that hinder development, so as to provide strong impetus to social progress.
To boost development means that we should regard development as our top priority at all times.
We should pursue development in a scientific way, appreciate the law of development, make
innovations in our development outlook, change the development mode and resolve difficult issues
in the course of development. We should keep releasing and developing the productive forces to
achieve sound and rapid economic development.
To persist in opening up means that we should open our doors to pursue development. We
should conduct economic and technological cooperation with all countries on the basis of mutual
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benefit and win-win outcome, and draw upon all achievements of human civilization. We should
develop ourselves by upholding world peace and contribute to world peace by developing ourselves.
To put people first means that we should ensure that development is for the people, by the
people and with the people sharing its fruits. We must respect the principal role of the people, give
play to their creativity, be responsive to people's aspirations, and give top priority to serving people's
interests. We need to continue to improve the material and cultural life of our people and ensure their
all-round development.
To promote harmony means that we should spare no effort to solve the most specific problems
of the utmost and immediate concern to the people. We should focus on promoting social equity and
justice, enhance the creativity of the society, and do our utmost to increase factors of harmony and
reduce factors of disharmony, so as to ensure the well-being and happiness of the people, law and
order in the society and enduring peace and stability of the country.
A solid conclusion has been drawn from China's reform and opening-up process, that is, the
rapid development of China in the past 30 years is attributed to reform and opening-up, and China’s
future development will also have to rely on reform and opening-up. Reform and opening-up is a
key decision that has shaped modern China. It is also a choice made by the entire 1.3 billion Chinese
people.
Dear faculty members and students, dear friends, the Chinese people and the Japanese people
have engaged in friendly exchanges for over 2,000 years. Our ties stand out as a miracle in the world
history of exchanges among nations. In the long course of history, the people of China and Japan
have learned from each other and interacted with each other. Such exchanges have not only
contributed to our respective national development, but also enriched the East Asian and world
civilizations.
In modern times, our friendly relations were devastated by the war of aggression the Japanese
militarists waged against China. This unfortunate chapter of history inflicted untold sufferings on the
Chinese nation and also brought misery to the Japanese people. History is a textbook rich in
philosophical wisdom. We stress the importance of remembering history, not to perpetuate hatred,
but rather to take history as a mirror, look forward, and cherish and uphold peace, so that the people
of China and Japan will always live in friendship and the people of the world will always enjoy
peace.
China and Japan achieved normalization of diplomatic relations in 1972, opening a new chapter
of bilateral ties. Since then, China-Japan relations have come a long way. Two-way trade increased
from 1.1 billion dollars when the two countries normalized relations to 236 billion dollars last year.
By the end of last year, there were 236 pairs of sister cities between our two countries and 5.44
million mutual visits were made in last year alone. The improvement and growth of China-Japan
relations have brought tangible benefits to our two countries and two peoples, and greatly
contributed to peace and development in Asia and beyond.
This year marks the 30th anniversary of the China-Japan Treaty of Peace and Friendship. As we
remind ourselves of the historical significance of the Treaty and pay tribute to the old generation of
leaders and visionary people from all sectors who have worked painstakingly for the growth of
China-Japan friendship, we cherish even more the hard-won friendship and cooperation between us.
We are at a new starting point, facing new opportunities to take our relations forward. As
economic globalization gathers momentum, the common interests between China and Japan are
increasing, our cooperation is expanding and our responsibilities in international and regional affairs
are becoming greater. Yesterday, I had fruitful talks with Prime Minister Fukuda. We reached
extensive agreement on deepening our strategic relationship of mutual benefit in an all-round way
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and laid the general framework for the long-term, healthy and stable development of bilateral
relations. We agreed that China and Japan should work together to increase strategic mutual trust,
deepen mutually beneficial cooperation, expand people-to-people and cultural exchanges, promote
the rejuvenation of Asia, tackle global challenges and advance our strategic relationship of mutual
benefit.
In another three months, the 29th Summer Olympic Games will be held in Beijing. Prime
Minister Fukuda shared with me the fond memories of the Japanese people of the Tokyo Olympic
Games in 1964 and I fully understood how they felt. The Chinese people sincerely hope to stage a
successful Beijing Olympic Games. By putting forward the slogan of “One World, One Dream”, we
aim to spread the Olympic spirit of solidarity, friendship and peace and promote mutual
understanding and friendship among people of the world through the Beijing Olympic Games. I wish
to take this opportunity to thank the Japanese Government and people from various sectors for your
support in our preparations for the Beijing Olympic Games. I welcome our Japanese friends to
Beijing to watch the Games and wish the Japanese athletes all the best at the Games.
On the front arch of the Waseda Theater Museum carved a famous line of William
Shakespeare-All the world is a stage. Of all the plays that have been put on the big world stage, the
people in the world have always acted the leading roles. I sincerely hope that people of China and
Japan will stand hand-in-hand and shoulder-to-shoulder on the big stage for China-Japan cooperation,
Asian rejuvenation and world peace and development to jointly create an even brighter future for
China-Japan relations and for the whole world!
Thank you.
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第十四单元
口译表达
口译主题：外交与国际关系
二、技能训练
Text 1
“In Larger Freedom: Towards Development, Security and Human Rights For All” by
United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan March 21, 2005
(Excerpt)
Mr. President, Excellencies,
Thank you for allowing me to present to you, in person, the five-year progress report that you
requested from me, on the implementation of the Millennium Declaration. The main message of that
report is that the aims of the Declaration can be achieved, only if you, the member states, are willing
to adopt a package of specific, concrete decisions this year.
Some of those decisions are so important that they need to be taken at the level of heads of state
and government. It is therefore very fortunate that your heads of state and government have agreed
to come here for a summit meeting in September. I am giving you my report six months ahead of
that meeting, so that your governments have ample time to consider it. My hope is that world leaders,
when they arrive here in September, will be ready to take the decisions that are needed.
And I hope they will adopt them as a package.
In any such list of proposals, there are items which seem more important to some than to others,
and items about which some have reservations, while others consider them essential. The temptation
is to treat the list as an à la carte menu, and select only those that you especially fancy.
In this case, that approach will not work. What I am proposing amounts to a comprehensive
strategy. It gives equal weight and attention to the three great purposes of this organization:
development, security and human rights, all of which must be underpinned by the rule of law. Some
states may think that we should give priority to one of those purposes over the others; and within
each of them, many states will have their particular preferences.
Excellencies, let me now briefly describe what I propose.
The first part, entitled “Freedom from Want”, proposes specific decisions for implementing the
bargain struck three years ago, in Monterrey, between developed and developing countries.
I ask every developing country to adopt and begin to implement, by next year, a comprehensive
national strategy bold enough to achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2015; and to
mobilise all its resources behind that strategy.
Specifically, I ask developing countries to improve their governance, uphold the rule of law,
combat corruption and adopt an inclusive approach to development, making space for civil society
and the private sector to play their full role. The challenge of development is too big for
governments to face it alone.
I ask every developed country to support these strategies, by increasing the amount it spends on
development and debt relief, and doing whatever it can to level the playing-field for world trade.
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Specifically, I ask developed countries to commit themselves, this year, to complete the Doha
round of trade negotiations no later than 2006, and as a step…as a first step to give immediate
duty-free and quota-free market access to all exports from the Least Developed Countries.
I also ask them to commit themselves to reach, by 2015, the target of spending 0.7 per cent of
their gross domestic product on official development assistance. This increase must be
“front-loaded” through an international finance facility, since if we are to reach the Goals by 2015
we need the increased spending right away. For the longer term, other innovative sources of finance
must be considered.
All governments must be accountable to fulfilling their part of this bargain, both to their own
peoples and to each other.
I stress that development must be sustainable. All our efforts will be in vain if their results are
reversed by continued degradation of the environment and depletion of our natural resources.
In the second part of the report, entitled “Freedom from Want [Fear]”, I ask all states to agree
on a new security consensus, by which they commit themselves to treat any threat to one of them as
a threat to all, and to work together to prevent catastrophic terrorism, stop the proliferation of deadly
weapons, end civil wars, and build lasting peace in war-torn countries.
Among my specific proposals in this area, I ask all states to complete, sign and implement the
comprehensive convention on terrorism, based on a clear and agreed definition, as well as the
convention on nuclear terrorism, and the fissile material cut-off treaty. I also ask member states to
agree to establish a Peacebuilding Commission, within the United Nations, to help countries make
the transition from war to lasting peace.
In the third part of the report, entitled “Freedom to Live in Dignity”, I urge all states to agree to
strengthen the rule of law, human rights and democracy in concrete ways.
In particular, I ask them to embrace the principle of the “Responsibility to Protect”, as a basis
for collective action against genocide, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity – recognising
that this responsibility lies first and foremost with each individual state, but also that, if national
authorities are unable or unwilling to protect their citizens, the responsibility then shifts to the
international community; and that, in the last resort, the United Nations Security Council may take
enforcement action according to the Charter.
Among other measures, I also ask all states to ratify, and implement, all treaties relating to the
protection of civilians; and to agree to, and within their means contribute to, a Democracy Fund at
the United Nations, which would provide funding and technical assistance to countries seeking to
establish or strengthen their democracy.
In the final part of the report, on “Strengthening the United Nations”, I set out proposals for
making this organization the instrument through which all its member states can agree on the
strategies outlined in the first three parts, and help each other to implement them. This reflects my
long-held view that, in order to do its job, the United Nations must be brought fully into line with
today’s realities. It can and must be a representative and efficient world organization, open and
accountable to the public as well as to governments.
I then recommend a system of three Councils, covering respectively, (a) international peace and
security, (b) economic and social issues, and (c) human rights. This reflects the priorities set out in
the earlier parts of the report, on which I believe there is broad consensus.
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The first two of these Councils already exist, of course, but need to be strengthened. The third
requires a far-reaching overhaul and upgrading of our human rights machinery.
First, I urge member states to make the Security Council more broadly representative of the
international community as a whole, as well as of the geopolitical realities of today.
This important issue has been discussed for too long. I believe member states should agree to
take a decision on it – preferably by consensus, but in any case before the summit – making use of
one or other of the options presented in the report by the High-Level Panel.
And I suggest that the renewed Security Council should make clear, in a resolution, the
principles by which it intends to be guided when deciding whether or not to authorize the use of
force.
Secondly, I make proposals for enabling the Economic and Social Council, whose functions are
clearly relevant to our all-important development agenda, to play the leading role that should be
expected of it, in making and implementing coherent United Nations policies for development.
And thirdly, I ask member states to create a new Council to fulfil one of the primary purposes
of the organization, which clearly now requires more effective operational structures – the promotion
of human rights. This would replace the present Commission on Human Rights, whose capacity to
perform its tasks has been undermined by its declining credibility and professionalism. The Human
Rights Council, I suggest, should be smaller than the Commission, and elected directly by a
two-thirds majority of this Assembly.
I also make far-reaching proposals for the reform of the Secretariat, which must be more
flexible, transparent and accountable in serving the priorities of member states, and the interests of
the world’s peoples; and for introducing greater coherence into the work of the United Nations
system as a whole, especially its response to humanitarian emergencies and its handling of
environmental issues.
My dear friends, I make no apology for the detailed, matter-of-fact nature of this presentation.
As far as detail goes, I assure you it is merely the tip of the iceberg. I trust that you will read my
report in full. You will find in it many more proposals than I have had time to describe here.
As for being matter-of-fact, I have deliberately spared you from any flights of rhetoric. This
hall has heard enough high-sounding declarations to last us for some decades to come. We all know
what the problems are, and we all know what we have promised to achieve. What is needed now is
not more declarations or promises, but action, action to fulfil the promises already made.
I believe my report provides a clear programme of actions that are fully within the power of
your governments to take. I urge you once again to study it. And I urge your heads of state and
government to be ready to take those decisions when they come here next September for the summit.
Thank you very much.
Text 2
Keynote Address at the Annual Meeting of the World Economic Forum by US
Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, January 23, 2008
(Excerpt)
Thank you very much. Thank you, Klaus, for that terrific introduction. I’m tempted to ask if
you are the conductor – (laughter) – and to say that it is a very good thing if no one misses any notes,
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the piano or the orchestra.
I want to applaud you for everything that you’ve done to put this World Economic Forum
together and to make it a place where people come to share ideas, and ideas that can indeed lead to a
better world. It is a wonderful gathering of civil society, of business, of great leaders from around the
world. And also, I note that you’ve also gone out of your way to include young people, and I thank
you very much for your effort. (applause)
Let me thank also President Couchepin for the work that the government and people of
Switzerland have done in generously welcoming us to this beautiful country.
President Karzai, Dr. Pachauri: Thank you very much for your wonderful work and I’m really
just delighted to share the dais with you tonight.
Distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen, it is an honor to join you here, and as Klaus has
said, I have tried to get here several times before. I was determined to make it as Secretary of State
and I guess I can say better late than never, Klaus. I spoke at the Forum by video in 2006, and I had
the pleasure last year of receiving a group of Young Global Leaders at a first-ever US Policy Summit.
And so I understand that some of them are here today. It’s a wonderful legacy that you’re leaving,
Klaus, in bringing these young people in.
I was thinking about what I was going to say tonight, and I’ve been watching the news and I’ve
been looking at the images on television and I’ve reflected on the events of the day. And of course,
what comes front and center for all of us is the turbulence – political and economic – in our world:
The violence in Kenya. The tragic assassination of Mrs. Benazir Bhutto in Pakistan. The
ongoing and at times halting efforts of Iraqis and Afghans to build peaceful, functioning
governments. The looming danger of climate change. The forecasts of market woes and economic
troubles. Even a growing concern about globalization itself – a sense that increasingly it is
something that is happening to us, not controlled by us.
As I took a look at all of this, I decided to do something risky: I want to talk about the
importance of ideals and I want to talk about the need for optimism in their power.
Now, I know that whenever Americans start talking about idealism and optimism, international
audiences groan. Perhaps there is a little concern that you’re going to hear a long, moralizing lecture.
Well, I promise not to do that.
And another common concern when Americans talk of idealism and optimism is, “Well, there
they go again, the innocents abroad. ” Indeed, there is a long international tradition of viewing
America as kind of young and naive.
Well, in our defense, I would just say we’re not that young.
And if you are tempted to think that we are naive, then you should hope that Bismarck was
right when he said, “God has a special providence for fools, drunks, and the United States of
America.” (laughter)
Seriously though, I recognize that there is a climate of anxiety in our world today. And it is
tempting for many people to turn inward, to secure what they have, and to shut others out. Some
want to go it alone. And there is certainly cynicism about the salience of our ideals when it seems
that it’s just hard enough to protect our interests.
I know that many are worried by the recent fluctuations in US financial markets, and by
concerns about the US economy. President Bush has announced an outline of a meaningful fiscal
growth package that will boost consumer spending and support business investment this year. My
colleague, Hank Paulson, who had hoped to be with you, is leading our Administration’s efforts and
working closely with the leaders of both parties in Congress to agree on a stimulus package that is
swift, robust, broad-based, and temporary.
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The US economy is resilient, its structure is sound, and its long-term economic fundamentals
are healthy. The United States continues to welcome foreign investment and free trade. And the
economy, our economy, will remain a leading engine of global economic growth. So we should have
confidence in the underlying strength of the global economy – and act with confidence on the basis
of principles that lead to success in this world.
And on that note, I would submit to you this evening that there is not one challenge in the world
today that will get better if we approach it without confidence in the appeal and effectiveness of our
ideals – political and economic freedom, open markets and free trade, human dignity and human
rights, equal opportunity and the rule of law. Without these principles, backed by all forms of
national power, we may be able to manage global problems for a while, but we will not lay a
foundation to solve them.
First, let us take development. Amidst the extraordinary opportunities of the global economy,
which we will talk about here, the amount of deprivation in our world still remains unacceptable.
Half of our fellow human beings live on less than $2 a day. That’s simply not acceptable in a
civilized world. But as we approach the challenges of development, let us remember that we know
what works: We know that when states embrace free markets and free trade, govern justly and invest
in their people, they can create prosperity and then translate it into social justice for all their citizens.
Yes, some states are growing economically through a kind of “authoritarian capitalism.” But it
is at least an open question whether it is sustainable for a government to respect people’s talents but
not their rights. In the long run, democracy, development, and social justice must go hand in hand.
In recent years, the United States has been trying to put these principles into practice in our core
development policies. Indeed, under President Bush, and with the full support of our Congress, the
United States has launched the largest international development effort since the Marshall Plan.
We have met or are clearly on course to meet all of our international commitments to increase
official development assistance: Since 2001, we have doubled our assistance to Latin America,
we’ve quadrupled it for Africa, and we’ve tripled it worldwide, all while reforming it to better
support responsible policies of developing states.
We have put $7.5 billion into our Millennium Challenge Account initiative, which is rooted in
the ideals of the Monterrey Consensus. And we have also launched historic efforts to combat malaria
and HIV/AIDS. In fact, President Bush’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief is the largest effort ever
by one nation to combat a single disease.
But more and better aid has to be accompanied by the global expansion of free and fair trade. It
isn’t easy – I will tell you, it is not easy -- for the American president to advocate free and fair trade
at a time of growing economic populism. Yet President Bush remains committed to completing a
successful Doha Round, and my colleague Susan Schwab, who is here tonight in Davos, is working
hard to do just that.
The President has pledged that the United States will eliminate all tariffs, subsidies, and barriers
to free flow of goods and services – including agriculture – as other nations do the same. We expect
our partners to join us in finding a way to make Doha a success.
If we are to continue expanding global economic growth, we also need to find a new approach
to energy and the environment. If we proceed on our current course, we have an unacceptable choice:
Either sacrifice global economic growth for the health of our planet – or sacrifice the health of our
planet for fossil fuel-led growth. We cannot do that. We have to reject this course – and work instead
to cut the Gordian Knot of fossil fuels, carbon emissions, and economic activity.
I want to assure you that we Americans realize how central a solution to climate change is to the
future health and success of the international system. And we will be tireless in helping to lead the
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search for that solution: through the UN Framework Convention and through the Major Economies
Meetings that President Bush proposed, the first of which we hosted this past September.
Text 3
Tony Blair Speaks to the World Economic Forum
Davos, January 27, 2007
(Excerpt)
Thank you very much indeed, Glazon. It is a very great honour to be asked to speak to the
Davos forum, this closing section. You know, this will be my last Davos forum. Prime ministers, I
look forward to coming back in future years, telling other leaders where they went wrong and how
easy the job is. You know, despite the…I shall want to start on this note…despite the multiple
challenges we face in the world today, I am optimistic. Mind you, in my job, you have got to be. But
I think there is a tremendous spirit about the forum, I sense that in the time I have been here. I think
it’s wonderful, for example, there is such instructive meeting for Middle East, and such a good
atmosphere around the talks on trade and it’s a wonderful news that they are going to restart the
WTO talks in a comprehensive manner. That’s a great thing and congratulations to everyone that has
participated in that.
You know each of the issues that has dominated Davos, particularly world trade, climate change,
Africa, each of those issues hangs in the balance. But on each, there is progress that would have been
unimaginable even a short time back. And what I’d like to do in my address to you today is to state
where I think we are on each issue and then give a broader context for the optimism I just outlines;
and end with an analysis of what we have to do.
On the World Trade, within the past few days not merely we had the meeting here,but I have
held discussions with President Bush, President Lula and Chancellor Merkel. We had a great
discussion with trade Ministers under Pascal Lamy’s expert eye yesterday. “Cautious optimism” was
how it was described. And I think with the announcement today it is now more likely that not,
though by no means certain, that we will reach a deal within the next few months. Countries are
moving closer together; there is a re-ignition of political energy and drive; and an increased
recognition of the dire consequences of failure.
A trade deal would be a big boost to the notion of multilateralism; help the world's poorest
escape their poverty; and achieve an impact on overall trade and business, three times the amount of
the last trade round. This is a critical priority for me in the coming period and that determination, I
am pleased to say, is shared by the other major players in the negotiation.
The other topic at the top of the Gleneagles agenda was climate change. Kyoto was an
extraordinary achievement, over 100 countries coming to an agreement with profound implications
for their future economic growth. But in reality, even if implemented – and Britain is one of the few
nations that will hit, indeed exceed our Kyoto targets –In reality, even if we did Kytoo, it would only
stabilise emissions. In truth, we need them cut, probably by an order of 60 per cent by 2050 –
something we have now set as a UK domestic target.
And the mood in the United States, I think, is in the process of a quantum shift. The President's
State of the Union address built on his “addiction to oil” speech last year and set the first US targets
for a reduction in petrol consumption.
The German G8 Presidency gives us an opportunity to agree at least the principles of a new
binding international agreement to come into effect when the Kyoto Protocol expires in 2012; but
one which is more radical than Kyoto and more comprehensive, one which this time, includes all the
major countries of the world. It is a prize of tantalising significance and I think it is within our grasp.
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So across all three issues, there are signs of hope. But this is part of a bigger shift in the politics
of the global community. And it is in this shift that the real possibilities of progress lie.
What is really happening is that nations – even the most great – are realising that they cannot
pursue their narrow national interests without invoking broader global values. They are obliged to
recognise that interdependence is the defining characteristic of the early 21st century.
These topics which have dominated Davos in 2007,all of them, are global in their impact, their
political relevance and in their prospective solutions. The Shifting Power Equation, the title of Davos
this year, is in part, obviously, about emerging new powers; but it is equally about the fact that power
over global issues can only be effectively wielded today by global alliances, in turn based on global
values.
You know, there is the curious mix today in politics of moral cause and strategic interest. We
know we have a clear interest of course in combating climate change; but we feel it too, as a moral
duty to successive generations as well as our own.
Business is here in Davos not simply to talk about information technology, or commerce, or
industrial trends, but also about its role in tackling the great issues of the day. Business has moved
way beyond traditional notions of corporate responsibility. Business believes that it, too, has a
strategic interest in the moral cause. The world today is in a kind of perpetual global conversation.
Campaigns are begun and intensified almost instantly. Tragedy or injustice, like war, leaps into our
living rooms, assaulting our senses, bringing us to a judgement on events that may be thousands of
miles away but of which we, as human beings, feel a part.
And above all, nations find that they need to confront and deal with challenges that simply do
not admit of resolution without powerful alliances of other nations. And every nation, even the most
powerful, is obliged to find such alliances or find their own interests buffeted and diminished.
That is why we call it interdependence. It is the ultimate joining together of self-interest and
community interest. Afghanistan was a failed state, its people living in misery and poverty but in
days gone by it would have stayed that way without the world much noticing. September 11th
brought it to our notice in the most unforeseen but catastrophic way. Look how the world has
changed because of those events.
We know Africa’s plight is shameful in a world of plenty. But I personally have never shrunk
from confessing another motive. I believe if we let Somalia or Sudan slip further into the abyss, the
effect of their fall will not stay within their region never mind their nation. I will argue for the
presence of peace in Palestine on its own terms; but there is no question that its absence has
consequences on the streets of cities even in Britain amongst people who have never been anywhere
near Gaza or the West Bank. And, of course, there is climate change. Assume even a possibility of its
threat being real. It would be madness not to act to prevent its realisation – just as a precaution. Its
challenge is the supreme expression of interdependence.
Consider what is at stake in these issues. Then consider how hard we have found it to put the
right alliances in place; to reach agreement; and to take the appropriate measures to get the job done.
This is my major reflection on 10 years of trying to meet these challenges, 10 years in which, as
a deliberate policy, Britain has been at the forefront, for better or worse, of each of these major
global issues. Interdependence is an accepted fact. I believe. It is giving rise to a great yearning for a
sense of global purpose, underpinned by global values, to overcome challenges, global in nature.
But we are woefully short of the instruments to make multilateral action effective. In other
words, we acknowledge the interdependent reality. We can sketch the purpose and describe the
values. What we lack is capacity, capability, the concerted means to act in furtherings of our purpose.
We need a multilateralism that is muscular. Instead, too often, it is disjointed, imbued with the right
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ideas but the wrong or inadequate methods of achieving them.
None of this should make us underestimate what has been done. There have been great
achievements, but there is too often a yawning gap between our description of an issue’s importance
and the matching capability to determine it.
In this regard, there is often an easy, in my view rather lazy critique that puts this down to an
absence of political will. Bur in my experience actually, dealing with this over 10 years, there is,
usually, not a problem of political will. By and large it’s there. It is translating that will into action
that is the problem. And why? Because it requires focus, time, energy and commitment and though
individual leaders and nations can provide these qualities intermittently, sustaining them over time,
with all the other pressures is just practically impossible.
信息框架：
I. General Introduction: optimistic mood
Three issues:
a. world trade
b. climate change
c. Africa
II. World Trade
a. Talks with various persons
b. An upcoming deal that benefits the poorest, trade and business
III. Africa is a central issus
IV. Gleneagles agenda on climate change
a. Kyoto target: Britain’s practice: i) Kyoto targets ii)domestic target
b. Joint efforts from nations
V. America’s practice: reduction in petrol consumption
VI. Implication of the three issues
a. Interdependence
b. Mix of moral cause and strategic interest
c. Supporting examples:
i)
Afghanistan: used to be a failed state but now is changed
ii) African plight: shameful in a world of plenty
iii) Climate change: a pressing issued that calls for our action
d. Status quo:
i)
Lack in instruments to make multilateral action effective
ii) Gap between our aspiration and capacity to realize it
iii) Crux of the problem: not being void of political will but how to translate it into action
三、对话口译
Text 4
奥巴马访谈
Host: Yesterday, I interviewed the Republican presidential candidate John McCain, and he said
this: “Failure is catastrophe. Failure is genocide. Failure means we come back. ”What if he’s right?
What if he’s right and what you’re proposing, and a lot of Democrats are proposing, results in
genocide in Iraq?
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奥巴马：嗯，你看现在伊拉克处于混乱状态。美国政府花了几千亿美元，牺牲了 3200 条
生命，现在你看到的却是混乱，无休无止的混乱。约翰·麦凯恩或许认为不管伊拉克国内的
政局如何变化，美军在那里进行无定期的驻留始终是一个选择。正因为如此，我们每年在伊
拉克要花费一千亿美元，我们每年有成千上万的年轻人牺牲，而且美国的世界排名也在下降。
我认为这并不符合美国的根本利益，而且这也无法给伊拉克带来其所需的稳定。当然，这些
都是见人见智的问题，我相信约翰·麦凯恩在采取这些措施时表现出的诚意，他的确相信自
己的策略是布什政府过去六年政策的延续，相信自己才是对的。
Host: If you’re president of the United States in January 2009, and the situation is basically the
same in Iraq as it is right now, what would be your immediate first step?
奥巴马：嗯，我所推动的议案呢，我认为……
Host: But assuming that bill doesn’t go.
奥巴马：不，不。不过我想假设伊拉克的形势还是不变，我们还是要采取同样的策略，
就是要把战斗军队按部就班，有秩序地从伊拉克撤出，还要为伊拉克政府提供后勤和培训方
面的支持，这样我们才有足够的部队力量去应对其他地区的危机。而最重要的是，我们有积
极的外交政策，与该地区的其他国家合作确保我们可以在一个更大的框架内探讨伊拉克地区
的稳定问题。
Host: You’re president of the United State. 15 American sailors and marines are captured by
Iranians, the Revolutionary Guard in the northern Persian Gulf, and they’re held. What do you do?
奥巴马：嗯，我觉得英国政府正在采取谨慎的措施，并向伊朗发出强硬的信号，敦促他
们释放英国士兵。我认为英国政府做得很恰当。我感觉伊朗应该会快就会让步。总指挥官的
责任就是要确保我们的部队在世界任何地方都会受到保护。
Host: So, they, if they were to hold them, let’s say, for 444 days—Iranians have held Americans
hostage for a long period of time—what, do you just let them be held there?
奥巴马：不，不会的。我觉得要采取强硬的立场，确保我们的士兵能够回来。
Host: You want to be specific?
奥巴马：在这种情况下，所有的方法，包括武力的，都应该在我们的考虑范围，这一点
很重要。
四、篇章口译
1. 英译汉译文
Text 5
联合国秘书长在气候变化问题高级别会议上的演讲，2007 年
各位阁下，各位国家首脑和政府首脑阁下，主席先生，尊敬的来宾，女士们、先生们：
二十年前，在这个大会堂中，气候变化第一次出现在世界政治议程上。当时，由岛国马
耳他提出的这个问题——“为人类的今世后代保护全球气候”——引人共鸣，时至今日，依
然如此。
自那时以来，已发生许多事情。但是，根本挑战仍未改变，甚至变得更为急迫。实际上，
我相信，气候变化以及我们对其采取的行动，将对我们、我们这个时代以及最终我们留给子
孙后代的全球财富具有决定性的影响。
今天，已过了表示怀疑的时候。联合国政府间气候变化问题小组已明确确认我们的气候
系统正在暖化，并将这一问题与人类活动直接挂钩。科学家已经十分清楚地概述了这一问题
的严重性。他们的信息是很简单明了的：
我们掌握的信息已足够采取行动；
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如果我们现在不采取行动，气候变化的影响将是灾难性的；
但我们拥有负担得起的措施和技术，可以现在就开始处理这一问题。
我们所没有的是时间。现在就是行动的时候。这就是为何我邀请你们，世界的领导人，
同我一起参加这次关于气候变化问题的高级别会议。气候变化带来的空前挑战要求我们采取
空前的行动，并展现空前的领导能力，一种已作好择定新方向的准备的领导能力。你们的领
导能力。
我感到高兴的是，你们有这么多人出席这次活动。你们出席这里的活动，显示出你们和
我怀有同样的关切。而且你们准备采取行动。
今天，世界各地都能感受到气候变化的影响。但是，最没有能力应付的人，所受到的影
响却最大。的确，对许多发展中国家而言，深具讽刺意味的是，虽然它们在气候变化的影响
最小，但它们却最有可能受其影响。对于一些岛国和岛国人民而言，这是生死攸关的大事。
道义上必须要做的事情已经再清楚不过了。气候变化是对所有地区发展的严重威胁。的确，
气候变化的不利影响会抵消为实现千年发展目标所作的大量投资。但它不是零和博弈。通过
具有创造性的措施，我们能够在促进经济增长的同时减少排放量。这是我们的机会：推进可
持续发展；鼓励新型的清洁技术、产业和就业机会；将气候变化风险纳入国家政策和做法。
我们必须牢记这样一个现实：就长期而言，现在不采取行动，将来的代价最大。
各位阁下，国家行动必须是我们应对气候变化的措施的核心——工业化国家应起带头作
用。自从《气候变化框架公约》在里约最后确定以来，已过去了十五年。通过《京都议定书》
已有十年。但是，大多数工业化国家的排放量仍在增加。这些国家的人均排放量仍然很高，
令人无法接受。与此同时，为贫穷国家作出调整适应而提供的支助已减少到远远低于实际需
要的水平。
要处理这些不足，需要所有国家以及从民间社会和工商业到区域和地方政府在内的社会
所有部门都作出贡献。这就是为什么我已邀请它们的代表参加我们今天的会议，交流他们的
想法和经验。如果全球排放量能如气候小组所指出的那样，在今后十至十五年达到高峰并在
随后数年内显著减少，这将需要所有部门的参与。鉴于这一挑战的性质和规模，单靠国家行
动是不够的。没有哪一个国家可以靠自身力量应对这一挑战。没有哪一个区域能够使自己不
受这些气候变化的影响。
2. 汉译英译文
Text 6
Chinese Minister of Foreign Affairs Addresses the UN High-Level Event
on Climate Change (2007)
Mr. Chairman, Dear Colleagues,
Climate change is an important development issue. All the members of the international
community should view challenges posed by climate change in a broad and long-term context and
make concerted efforts to address them. The United Nations plays an irreplaceable role in tackling
climate change. In this meeting, we should be able to achieve consensus through full and democratic
discussions and integrating opinions of all parties concerned.
China hopes it will make progress in the following aspects.
First, adhere to the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities”. Developed
countries should meet their emission reduction targets set in the Kyoto Protocol, help developing
countries build capacity in tacking climate change and continue to take the lead in reducing
emissions after 2012. Developing countries should also take proactive measures and control the
growth of greenhouse gas emissions to the best of their ability and in keeping with their particular
122
conditions, in order to safeguard the fundamental framework of The United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change.
UNFCCC has played a leading role in global cooperation in climate change and future
cooperation should continue to be conducted within the framework of the Convention. Advance
international cooperation on climate change in a balanced way. Mitigation, adaptation, financing and
technology, being all important means in addressing climate change, should receive equal attention.
It is necessary to increase financial assistance and technology transfer to developing countries. But
in doing so, one should not lay undue emphasis on the role fo the market mechanism. Still less
should one attempt to shift all the responsibilities of tacking climate change onto the market.
Mr Chairman, adaptation to climate change is an issue of greatest concern to developing
countries. In this connection, the Chinese government wishes to emphasize the following points:
1.
Take a long term view and promote sustainable development. All countries should take
adaptation to climate change as an important part of their efforts to achieve the
Millennium Development Goals and incorporate it into their economic and social
development strategy.
2.
Increase input and provide adequate adaptation fund. The Adaptation Fund under the
Protocol should be launched at an early date and should be accessible to all developing
countries. The operation of the Global Environment Fund and the Clean Development
Mechanism should be improved so that developing countries can benefit more from
them. The sources of financing should be expanded so as to offer new and additional
financial support to developing countries in adapting to climate change.
3.
Apply advances in science and technology and enhance cooperation in technology and
technology transfer. The international community should consider setting up an
effective mechanism to disseminate technology, cut costs, increase information sharing
and technology transfer, and ensure that developing countries have access to affordable
and applicable environment-friendly technologies. Efforts should be made t reduce
trade ad technical barriers and reinforce international cooperation in technological
research, development and innovation.
Mr. Chairman, China is a developing country severely affected by climate change. The Chinese
Government takes environmental protection as a basic national policy and the scientific outlook on
development as a guiding principle in governance. It has set up the National Leading Group on
Addressing Climate Change, passed a series of laws of regulations and formulated the National
Program on Addressing Climate Change.
Acting in accordance with the UNFCCC, its Protocol and the principle of “common but
differentiated responsibilities”, China is living up to its due international responsibilities and
obligations and will make greater contribution to international cooperation in climate change. China
will also continue to act according to its ability to help Africa and Small Island Development Sates
enhance their capacity to adapt to climate change. China stands ready to work with the rest of the
international community to build a world of harmonious, clean and sustainable development.
Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
Text 7
奥巴马当选演讲
你好，芝加哥。
美国是一个一切皆有可能的地方，如果还有人对这一点心存怀疑，如果还有人怀疑美国
奠基者的梦想在我们时代是否还有活力，还有人怀疑我们民主制度的力量，那么，你们今晚
正是对那些疑问作出了回答。
123
在学校和教堂周围出现了前所未有的长队，这个国家从未见过这么多的人前来投票，人
们排三个、四个小时的队来进行有生以来的第一次投票，这些都是我们的答案。因为他们相
信这一次将会不同，他们发出的声音可能会带来改变。
这是一个由年轻人和年老人、富人和穷人、民主党人和共和党人、黑人、白人、西班牙
裔人、亚裔、印第安人、同性恋和异性恋、残障人士和健全人士所作出的回答。美国人向世
界发出一个信息：我们从不只是一些个人的累加或者“红色州”和“蓝色州”的累加。
我们是，我们永远是美利坚合众国。很多人，在长久以往的耳濡目染中愤世嫉俗，感到
担心和怀疑。但今天他们做出了回答。他们的双手扭转了历史，让历史转向充满希望的新的
一天。我们等了很久，但是今晚，由于我们今天在这场选举中所采取的行动，在这个决定性
的时刻，美国终于迎来了变革。
今晚早些时候，我接到来自参议员麦凯恩的一个特别有风度的电话。麦凯恩在这场选战
中进行了长期和艰苦的努力，他为这个他所爱的国家付出了更长的时间，作出了更艰苦的努
力。他忍受过的牺牲，是我们很多美国人无法想象的。由于这位勇敢和无私的领导人，我们
的生活变得更好。我向他表示祝贺，我向佩林州长表示祝贺，向他们所取得的成果表示祝贺，
我盼望与他们共事以继续这个国家在未来岁月的承诺。
我想感谢我的竞选伙伴，他全心全意地投入竞选；他的声音代表了那些在他成长的斯克
兰顿街生活的人们的声音，代表了那些和他一道乘火车上下班的特拉华州人民的声音。他就
是新当选的美国副总统乔·拜登。
如果没有我过去 16 年最好的朋友、我家庭的中坚、我生命中的挚爱，我今天晚上不可能
站在这里，她就是我国下一位第一夫人米歇尔·奥巴马。
萨沙和马莉娅，我爱你们，我对你们的爱超出了你们的想象。你们已赢得了新的宠物狗，
它将和我们一起前往白宫。尽管她没能和我们在一起，但我知道，我的祖母和养大我的家人
在看着我。我今晚很想念他们，我知道我欠他们的东西是无法计量的。我的妹妹马娅、我的
姐姐奥玛，我其他的兄弟和姐妹，非常感谢你们对我的支持，我感谢他们。
我的竞选经理大卫·普劳夫，这位竞选活动的无名英雄，他进行了最好的政治竞选活动，
我认为这是美国历史上最棒的。我的首席策略师大卫·艾克斯罗德，他一直是追随我的伙伴。
你们组建了政治史上最好的竞选团队，是你们成就了今天，我永远感谢你们为此所作出的牺
牲。
但最重要的是，我永远不会忘记这场胜利真正属于谁，它属于你们，它属于你们。我从
来不是最有可能获得这一职务的候选人。我们刚开始并没有太多资金，也没有得到许多人的
支持。我们的竞选活动并非始自华盛顿的大厅里，而是始于得梅因、康科德、查尔斯顿这些
地方的普通民众家中。那些辛勤工作的人们从自己微薄的储蓄中捐出 5 美元、10 美元、20 美
元来支持我们。竞选活动因为年轻人的支持而越来越有声势，他们反驳了他们那一代对政治
不感兴趣的谬论，他们离开家，从事那些薪水少而且辛苦的工作。竞选活动的声势也来自那
些已不再年轻的人们，他们冒着严寒酷暑，敲开陌生人的家门进行竞选宣传；竞选声势也源
自数百万的美国民众，他们充当志愿者和组织者，他们证明了在两百多年以后，民有、民治、
民享的政府并未从地球上消失。这是你们的胜利。
我知道你们的所做的一切并不只是为了赢得选举，我也知道你们做这一切并不是为了我。
你们这样做是因为你们明白前面的任务有多么艰巨。即便我们今晚欢呼庆祝，我们也知道明
天将面临我们一生之中最艰难的挑战——两场战争、一个面临危险的星球，一场百年不遇的
金融危机。
就在我们今晚站在这里的时刻，我们知道勇敢的美国士兵在伊拉克的沙漠和阿富汗的群
山中醒来，他们冒着生命危险来保护着我们的生命。仍有在孩子熟睡后仍难以入眠的父母，
他们担心如何偿还按揭月供、付医药费或是存够钱让孩子上大学。我们需要开发新的能源、
创造新的工作岗位，我们需要修建新学校，应对众多威胁、修复与许多国家的盟友关系。
前方的道路将很漫长，我们攀登的脚步会很艰辛。我们可能无法在一年甚至一个任期内
124
实现这些目标，但我从未像今晚这样满怀希望，我们将实现我们的目标。我向你们承诺——
我们作为一个整体将会达成目标。
我们会遭遇挫折和不成功的起步。我作为总统所做的每项决定或政策，会有许多人持有
异议，我们也知道，政府不能解决所有问题。但我将始终向你们坦陈我们所面临的挑战。我
会听取你们的意见，尤其是存在不同意见的时候。最重要的是，我会请求你们参与重建这个
国家，以美国 221 年来从未改变的唯一方式——一砖一瓦、同心协力。
21 个月前在寒冬所开始的一切不应当在今天这个秋夜结束。今天的选举胜利本身并不是
我们所寻求的改变--这只是我们进行改变的机会。如果我们仍然按照过去的方式行事，我们所
寻求的改变将不会发生。没有你们，没有服务和牺牲的新精神，就不可能发生改变。
因此，让我们发扬新的爱国和负责精神，所有的人都下定决心参与其中，更加努力地工
作，不仅是为自己而是为彼此。让我们记住这一点，如果说这场金融危机教会了我们什么东
西的话，那就是我们不可能在金融以外的领域处于困境的同时拥有繁荣兴旺的华尔街。
在这个国家，我们患难与共。让我们抵制重走老路的诱惑，避免重新回到令美国政治长
期深受毒害的党派纷争、小题大作、不成熟的表现。让我们记住，是伊利诺伊州的一名男子
首次将共和党的旗帜扛到了白宫。共和党是建立在自立、个人自由以及国家团结的价值观之
上的。这也是我们所有人共同的价值观。虽然民主党今天晚上赢得了巨大的胜利，但我们是
以谦卑的态度和弥合阻碍我们进步的分歧的决心赢得这场胜利的。林肯在向远比我们眼下分
歧更大的国家发表讲话时说，我们不是敌人，而是朋友……虽然目前的情绪有些紧张，但这
不会割断我们感情上的联系。对于那些现在没有投票给我的美国人，我想说，我可能没有赢
得你们的选票，但是我听到了你们的声音，我需要你们的帮助，而且我也将是你们的总统。
对于那些彻夜关注美国大选的海外人士，从国会到皇宫，以及在被遗忘的角落里挤在收音机
旁的人们，我们的经历虽然各有不同，但是我们的命运是一样的，新的美国领导层已产生了。
那些想要颠覆这个世界的人们，我们将击败你们。那些追求和平和安全的人们，我们支
持你们。对那些所有怀疑美国的灯塔能否能像以前一样明亮的人们：今天晚上我们再次证明，
我们国家真正的力量并非来自我们武器的威力或财富的规模，而是来自我们理想的持久力量-民主、自由、机会和永不屈服的希望。
这才是美国真正的精华——美国能够改变。我们的联邦会日渐完美。我们现在已取得的
成就为我们将来能够取得和必须取得的成就增添了希望。
这次大选创造了多项第一，也诞生了很多将世代流传的故事。但是今天晚上令我难忘的
却是在亚特兰大投票的一名妇女：安·尼克松·库波尔。她和其他数百万排队等待投票的选
民没有什么差别，除了一点：她已是 106 岁的高龄。
她出生的那个时代奴隶制度刚刚结束；那时路上没有汽车，天上也没有飞机。当时像她
这样的人由于两个原因不能投票，首先她是女性，其次她是黑人。
今天晚上，我想到了她在美国过去一百年间所经历的种种--心痛和希望；斗争和进步；在
那个时代，我们被告知我们办不到，还有一些人继续坚信着美国的信念——是的，我们能做
到。
妇女当时没有投票权，她们的希望被挫败，但是安·尼克松·库波尔看到妇女们站了起
来，看到她们站出来发表自己的见解，看到她们参加大选投票。是的，我们能做到。当 30 年
代的沙尘暴和大萧条使人们感到绝望时，她看到一个国家用新政、新的就业机会以及对新目
标的共同追求战胜恐慌。是的，我们能做到。当炸弹袭击了我们的港口、暴政威胁到全世界，
她见证了一代美国人的伟大崛起，见证了一个民主国家获得拯救。是的，我们能做到。她看
到蒙哥马利通了公共汽车、伯明翰接上了水管、塞尔马建了桥，一位来自亚特兰大的传教士
告诉人们：“我们将克服阻力。”是的，我们能做到。人类登上月球、柏林墙倒下，世界被我
们的科学和想像被连接在一起。今年，在这场选举中，她用手指触摸屏幕投下自己的选票，
因为在美国生活了 106 年之后，经历了最好的时光和最黑暗的时刻之后，她知道美国如何能
够发生变革。
125
是的，我们能做到。美国，我们已经走过了一条漫漫长路。我们已经历了很多。但是我
们仍有很多事情要做。因此今夜，让我们扪心自问——如果我们的孩子能够活到下个世纪；
如果我的女儿有幸活得和安一样长，她们将会看到怎样的改变？我们将会取得什么样的进
步？
现在是我们回答这个问题的机会。这是我们的时刻。这是我们的时代--让我们的人民重新
就业，为我们的后代敞开机会之门，恢复繁荣，推进和平，重新确立“美国梦”，再次证明这
样一个基本的真理：我们是一家人；只要一息尚存，我们就有希望；当我们遇到嘲讽和怀疑，
当有人说我们办不到的时候，我们要以这个永恒的信条来回应他们：
是的，我们能做到。感谢你们。上帝保佑你们。愿上帝保佑美利坚合众国。
126

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