Richard Gent President/CEO, Hot Rail LLC Intelligence Subject

2015 Rail Safety Seminar & Expo: April 20-22, 2015 • 2015 Bus Safety Seminar & Expo: April 22-23, 2015
PRESENTER BIO:
Richard Gent
President/CEO, Hot Rail LLC
Intelligence Subject Matter Expert
Thirty seven years in Naval Intelligence to include both active duty
and government service. Applicable experience includes seven years
as an Intelligence Collection Manager specializing on all National
intelligence collection assets to include capabilities and limitations of
Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS). Other relevant areas consist of
counterintelligence experience at the U.S. Embassy in Egypt and
other areas in the Middle East region; Test and Evaluation (T&E)
coordinator for various state of the art intelligence collection systems;
imagery interpreter and human source intelligence (HUMINT) collections expert.
Nevada Operation Lifesaver
Twenty years with the rail public safety program Operation Lifesaver. Fourteen years as the
State Director for Nevada Operation Lifesaver. State subject matter expert providing input to
multiple organizations; applicable experience includes broad and complete understanding of
the issues associated with rail operations and public safety.
Law Enforcement/Counter-Terrorism
Terrorism Liaison Officer (TLO) for Northern Nevada. Member, Washoe County Sheriff's Office
Citizen's Homeland Security Council; Nevada naval range Operations Security (OPSEC)
manager and liaison for Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS)/FBI. Established Nevada's
first Railroad Auxiliary Team for the Washoe County Sheriff's Office (WCSO). This group
provides a trained force multiplier for the WCSO specifically focused on protecting the rail
infrastructure in the 7000 square miles of the county.
Education
Bachelor of Science, Indiana State University Major: Geology, Minor: Physics Awards and
qualifications: Numerous Military and Civilian Awards, Naval Parachutist, Officer of the Deck,
Flight Observer
POWERPOINT PRESENTATION IS INCLUDED ON THE FOLLOWING PAGES OF THIS DOCUMENT
Transit Security and Safety using Drone Technology Presented by Rich Gent President/CEO Hot Rail, LLC Brought to you by Brought to you by Transit Security and Safety using Drone Technology Presented by Rich Gent President/CEO Hot Rail, LLC Brought to you by Background and Experience • 
37 years in Naval Intelligence • 
18 years in rail safety program: OperaFon Lifesaver (State Director) Owner of rail security firm: Hot Rail, LLC NV POST Instructor (basic) NV Terrorism Liaison Officer Washoe County Sheriff’s Office Volunteer School Board Trustee • 
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(Intelligence CollecFon Management) confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
Background and Experience Steve EndacoX and Flight Test Concierges (FTC) •  20 years FA-­‐18 Pilot, squadron commander •  20 years UAV test consultant to DoD •  20 years City Emergency Manager confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
ObjecFves •  What do we want you to walk away with from this presentaFon •  Has current approach worked •  Can technology (drones/UAS’s) help •  CapabiliEes and LimitaEons of UAS •  Railroaders/Transit Agencies run transportaEon not drones (maybe) •  BLUF: Develop a CONOPS before you buy confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC UAS’s (drones) are Coming Will Rail be Ready? BNSF drones will patrol the track WriXen by Frank N. Wilner, ContribuFng Editor Railway Age 2015 confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
First, a liXle nomenclature control: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV): A UAV, also known as a drone, is an aircrad without a human pilot on board. Its flight is controlled either autonomously by computers or under the remote control of a pilot in the Ground Control StaFon (GCS) Unmanned Aerial System (UAS): The enFre system that supports UAV operaFons, including the GCS, the pilot, data links, sensors, etc. confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
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Unmanned Aerial System Air Vehicle Antenna/Data Link Control StaFon Mobile Receivers confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by The UAV Technical Game Changer During the last decade, UAS have experienced a explosion in capabiliFes, regulaFon reform, procedures development and technology. •  Size •  Sensors •  Data Links •  Endurance •  AutomaFon •  Control StaFons •  Product ExploitaFon •  TesFng OpportuniFes •  InformaFon DistribuFon confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
The Problem Can a UAS reduce loss/incidents •  Trespassing (criminal/public) on increase • 
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Who is trespassing? Where are they trespassing? Where do they go ader illegal acFvity? •  Other impacts to rail/transit safety & costs • 
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Accidents, parFcularly involving hazardous materials. Passenger injury. Track and structure integrity Natural hazards (flooding/rock slides, etc.) Planned/inadvertent interference by public confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
Why Deal with Security (good security costs, poor security costs more) •  Keep trains/transit at required velocity •  Keep trains/transit on the rails (environmental) •  Keep criminals off railroad/transit property •  The TSA issue •  Train/Transit crew/operator trauma •  Public percepFon •  PTC-­‐equipped through freight trains could include aerial drones with cameras Railway Age 7.17.14 confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC Cost to Railroads and Transit • Trespass incident on tracks • Near hit • Hit • Trespass incidents in fixed locaFon • Tagging • Thed • Transient acFvity confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
SoluFons to date • EducaFon • OL •  Rail/Transit sponsored • Engineering • Fencing • Fixed camera system • Enforcement • Surge Ops •  S4 campaign confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
SoluFons to date (have they worked) • EducaFon • OL (kinda) •  Rail/transit sponsored • Engineering • Fencing (kinda) • Fixed camera system (kinda) • Enforcement • Surge Ops (kinda) •  S4 Campaign (kinda) The Great Train Robbery Cargo theN from freight trains costs American consumers billions each year NBC News confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
Talking to Railroaders about UAS’s •  “Every Fme I talk to you I learn something different” •  “It’ll cost too much, the railroads will never pay for that” •  “I could use a drone for cable thed” •  “What can I use it for?” •  “An overview of the capabiliFes would be helpful” •  “I guess I could use it in high traffic areas” confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC •  Is it Fme to explore new strategic and technological soluFons? •  Are there any Game Changers out there…. confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC . confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved HOT RAIL LLC UAS Procedural Maturity Military and Industry have already done a lot of the heavy liding: • 
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Extensive flight experience, pilot training Reliable aircrad and airspace procedures UAS Control Architectures Plus…. Employed UAS in similar tasks and missions that the transit/railroad community can leverage. •  Such as: confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
Missions and Experience that Directly Transfer to Rail OperaFons • 
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Convoy Escort Route screening Perimeter Security Damage assessment Automated change detecFon Data and communicaFons relay Search and recovery operaFons confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
Datron UAV Provides Real-­‐Time Video & Photo Assist in Recovery & Management of Hazmat Derailment confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
UAS General CapabiliFes •  Full-­‐color nose camera that the pilot uses primarily to navigate the crad •  Variable aperture camera (similar to a tradiFonal TV camera) •  Variable aperture infrared camera for low-­‐light and night viewing •  SyntheFc aperture radar (SAR) for seeing through low visibility/clouds •  GMTI/CCD and other “scienFfic sensors” confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
Courtesy of Mitre.org HOT RAIL LLC Courtesy of LEIDOS confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
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Heron Drone UAS Downside German Hacked and Crashed by Who’s watching the sensors Taliban in Afghanistan Intelligence Oversight (legal issues) 7 Ways How To Hide From Drones Wind/Weather December 23, 2013, by Ken JorgusFn It’s a duck How to hide from Predator Drones UAV – Soda Straw Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Survival Guide Posted on 03/24/2013 by 2LT Website MIJI/Bandwidth How To Block IR Infrared Thermal Imaging February 24, 2013, by Ken JorgusFn confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
UAS Legal Issues 28101. Rail Police Officers Under regulaEons prescribed by the Secretary of TransportaEon, a rail police officer who is employed by a rail carrier and cerEfied or commissioned as a police officer under the laws of a State may enforce the laws of any jurisdicEon in which the rail carrier owns property, to the extent of the authority of a police officer cerEfied or commissioned under the laws of that jurisdicEon, to protect— (1) employees, passengers, or patrons of the rail carrier; (2) property, equipment, and faciliEes owned, leased, operated, or maintained by the rail carrier; (3) property moving in interstate or foreign commerce in the possession of the rail carrier; and (4) personnel, equipment, and material moving by rail that are vital to the naEonal defense. “Border-­‐patrol drones being borrowed by other agencies more oNen than previously known” The Washington Post 2013 UAS LegislaFon confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
NaFonal Regulatory Game Changer •  In the FAA ModernizaFon and Reform Act of 2012, Congress directed the FAA to establish a test site program to integrate UAS into the NaFonal Airspace System. •  Six test sites were selected from over 50 applicants. •  These sites are searching for UAV test and test scenarios that will benefit industry and the public at large. confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
Current commercial drone use in railroad operaFons “German Railway • 
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Germany France India Netherlands Israel UK CBP Transit Authority confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Operator Deploys Drones in War on GraffiE ArEsts” Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
Transit Authority UAS See aXached video files for embedded .mp4 confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
Hurtles before UAS use •  CerFficate of AuthorizaFon (but genng beXer) •  DayFme/LOS/Pilot/others •  FAA approval • 
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Intelligence Oversight Frequency Management Safety of Flight Type of plaoorm confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
HOW CAN A UAS BE USED IN SECURITY OR SAFETY •  SituaFonal Awareness/Officer Safety •  Persistent Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) (GOA) •  Traffic Analysis/Terrain Analysis/Change DetecFon/Accident reconstrucFon •  Force mulFplier (too few Special Agents) confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC The “Cycles” Terrorism Criminal Suicide confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
Can a UAS influence Transit Security? •  Yes, but need to develop a Concept of OperaFons (CONOPS) –  Assigned to a Subdivision? –  Assigned to a specific train/vehicle? –  Assigned to a specific unit/individual? –  What sensor suite, where does the info go? –  Individual railroads/transit agencies or naFonwide protocols? •  Will the benefit outweigh the cost –  Mutual Use Agreement •  Does railroads/transit really need to “own” the UAS? Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
Costs associated with UAS use • 
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Cost -­‐vs-­‐ Benefit Infrastructure/LogisFcs Manpower Training Maintenance The drones cost $3.36 an hour to operate, which compares to $250 to $600 an hour for a manned aircrad, Miller said. The drones cost $30,000 to $50,000 each to buy, about the price of a squad car, he said. “Bloomberg” “For Fiscal Year 2010, DHS reported that its Predator B (a variant of DOD’s Reaper) costs approximately $3,234 per flight hour,” the U.S. Government Accountability Office reported in 2011. confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
What’s happening now •  SFll no “laws” from FAA but COA’s granted •  Drone manufacturers talking to railroads/transit agencies •  Railroads & Transit run transportaFon not UAV’s (maybe) SmartRail World •  Minimal Knowledge/Skills/Ability How drones are •  Thinking/developing Concept of Ops already being deployed by •  Limited in-­‐company experFse railways around the world. Monitoring of the railroads by drones: the SNCF signed a partnership with Onera confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
Philosophy before you jump into the UAS game •  Think before you buy…..or fly ⁻  Don’t make transportaFon operators UAV pilots. ⁻  Develop a prioriFzed requirements list where UAVs may provide soluFons sets ⁻  Explore technical opFons for: •  EffecFveness •  Cost efficiency •  Low impact on operaFons or personnel confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
New Business Model to Develop UAV IntegraFon SoluFons •  Interdisciplinary Professional Teaming of Users: TransportaFon, Regulators, AviaFon, Security, Intelligence, Flight TesFng and Training and CommuniFes. •  Leverage FAA UAV Test Site IniFaFve…..like Nevada that has companies with experts. •  Have the discipline to do it right!!! confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
So now what –  Don’t make Railroad Operators UAV pilots (yet) –  Get professional help to: •  Develop a prioriFzed requirements list where UAVs may provide soluFons sets and associated OPLANS •  Explore technical opFons for: – EffecFveness – Cost efficiency – Low impact on operaFons or personnel –  Move forward with a plan and don’t get sold by the first vendor. confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
QuesFons •  Rich Gent 775-­‐867-­‐3803 [email protected] •  Steve Endacon 775-­‐427-­‐5356 FTC-­‐[email protected] One way to handle transit security See aXached video files for embedded .mp4 confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by HOT RAIL LLC
One way to handle rail security See aXached video files for embedded .mp4 confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by One way to handle rail security See aXached video files for embedded .mp4 confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by confidenFal and proprietary property of Hot Rail LLC all rights reserved Brought to you by