Volume 36, No. 3 - May/June 2006 Campus Law

Transcription

MAY/JUNE 2006 / 37
38 / Campus Law Enforcement Journal
Vol. 36, No. 3
2005-2006 Board of Directors
President
Priscilla Stevens
College of Southern Maryland
By Christopher G. Blake, CAE
Lessons Learned Listening Session sponsored by IACLEA, the FBI, and the
U.S. Department of Homeland Security
Educational Awareness for Nicotine and Alcohol Addiction in Law Enforcement .. 13
By Daniel J. Benny, M.A., CPP, PCI, CCO, CLET
Widespread use of addictive substances impacts law enforcement officers
Treasurer
Lisa A. Sprague
Florida State University
American Leadership Principles in an Age of Corruption ...................................... 21
Immediate Past President
Kenneth A. Willett
University of Montana
By Vincent Bove, CPP
Time tested leadership skills have the potential to transform
Law Enforcement Involvement in the Community Planning Process .................... 25
Directors
Daniel Hutt
University of Toronto
Canada
Jean Luc Mahieu
University of Brussels
International
Raymond H. Thrower, Jr.
Gustavus Adolphus College
Mid-America
Mid-Atlantic
Steven J. Rittereiser
Mountain Pacific
Central Washington University
Paul L. Ominsky
Mount Holyoke College
North Atlantic
Jasper Cooke
Augusta State University
Southeast
Robert K. Bratten
Southwest
University of Texas Health Science Ctr.
Phillip A. Johnson
University of Notre Dame
At-Large
Marlon C. Lynch
Vanderbilt University
At-Large
David M. Worden
At-Large
San Diego Community College District
Chief Staff Officer/Editor in Chief
Peter J. Berry, CAE
Managing Editor
Karen E. Breseman
Production Director
Gene Mandish
Advertising Coordinator
Karen E. Breseman
Contents
U.S. Gulf Coast Schools Cite Hurricane Lessons ....................................................... 9
President Elect
Steven J. Healy
Princeton University
James J. Bonner, Jr.
Arcadia University
May/June 2006
By Randy A. Gonzalez, Ph.D.
Growth and community management process should include the expertise of
law enforcement agencies
More Protection for Our Protectors ........................................................................ 30
By Craig W. Floyd
Ensuring that officers have the resources to do their job effectively and safely
Departments
President’s Message ................................................................................................. 2
Association News ..................................................................................................... 3
Member News .......................................................................................................... 7
Letter to the Editor ................................................................................................... 8
On the Cover
Photos taken of IACLEA member campuses on August 30, 2005, after Hurricane
Katrina. Campus public safety leaders from Gulf Coast colleges and universities
gather to discuss key lessons learned from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. (See article
on page 9).
Campus Law Enforcement Journal is the official publication of the International Association of Campus
Law Enforcement Administrators. It is published bimonthly and dedicated to the promotion of professional ideals and standards for law enforcement, security and public safety so as to better serve institutions of higher education.
Single copy: $5; subscription: $30 annually in U.S. currency to nonmembers in U.S., Canada, Mexico. All
other countries: $35. Manuscripts, correspondence, and all contributed materials are welcome; however,
publication is subject to editing and rewrite if deemed necessary to conform to editorial policy and style.
Opinions expressed by contributing authors and advertisers are independent of IACLEA Journal policies
or views. Authors must provide proper credit for information sources and assume responsibility for
permission to reprint statements or wording regardless of the originating organ. ©2006 International
Association of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators. All rights reserved. Business and Publication
Office: 342 North Main Street, West Hartford, CT 06117-2507; (860) 586-7517; Fax (860) 586-7550.
Printed in the U.S. by Sundance Press. This publication is available in microform from University
Microfilms International, 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 USA.
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 1
P
resident’s Message
Looking Back
By Priscilla Stevens, President
As we draw closer to
the Annual Conference in Orlando,
Florida, hosted by
Valencia Community
College and supported in part by the
Florida Association
of Campus Safety
and Security Administrators, I continue to reflect on the last
year as President of IACLEA. This has been
a tremendous year. Upfront I must thank
the wonderful and outstanding support
of the College of Southern Maryland, my
boss Stephen Goldman, Esq. and the public safety officers of CSM. I am truly overwhelmed with gratitude to all of you who
serve in the noble field of campus safety
and security. There are so many people
who do extraordinary things and are never
thanked and most would say “no thanks
needed” because what we do everyday
is “business as usual.” The impact that is
made in the lives we touch makes a difference. I think about past presidents of
IACLEA and how they not only impacted
the lives of the people they served on
their own campus but the dedication they
had to all in campus public safety.
The end of my year as president also
will see the culmination of at least five
years of hard work which began with President Oliver J. Clark and was continued
by Scott Donor, Dolores Stafford, and Ken
Willet. Many of our goals and objectives
will be met and we are now beginning to
look at a new and updated strategic plan.
To review where we are currently:
• IACLEA is developing new planning
and training tools to assist U.S. colleges
and universities to plan for, prevent, and
respond to acts of terrorism and other
hazards. These resources are supported
by a $3.5 million grant from the U.S.
Department of Homeland Security,
Office for Domestic Preparedness.
• Through grant funding from DHS,
IACLEA has launched an Incident
Command System (ICS) training program at two sites: the University of
Maryland in College Park, MD, and the
University of Nevada, Las Vegas. This
three-day class is a simulation-based
training program using a model campus simulator. IACLEA is planning to
sponsor up to 80 Incident Command
classes throughout the country. This
program will be expanded to other
sites in the future to include our Gulf
Coast states.
• IACLEA is developing a model Campus Emergency Operations Plan
Guideline and a guide to best practices in campus counter-terrorism.
• IACLEA has developed a Threat and
Risk Assessment instrument in cooperation with the National Emergency
Response and Rescue Training Center at Texas A&M University. This tool
is designed to assist campus executives in identifying terrorism risks as
well as other hazards and implementing a plan to address those risks.
• Since 2004, IACLEA has offered more
than 160 WMD Awareness courses
throughout the country through sup-
port from its DHS grant. Thank you
to previous WMD Grant Director Tom
Hogarty for getting this program off
to a tremendous start and to Chris
Blake for ensuring our positive forward progress.
Other IACLEA Initiatives
We secured a grant/cooperative agreement with the U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS), to fund the development of a strategic plan and a business plan for the creation of a National
Center for Campus Public Safety. The
Center would focus on:
1. improving and sustaining the quality
of services provided by campus public safety departments;
2. increasing cooperation, collaboration
and consistency in prevention, response and problem-solving methods
among campus public safety agencies;
3. providing a centralized clearinghouse
for information on public safety;
4. providing educational leadership for
stakeholders in campus safety; and
5. providing a forum for discussion, debate and strategic planning among organizations representing the campus
public safety profession.
The committee for hiring the Fellow
has completed its work and we will announce the position at the June conference. This is an extraordinary opportunity for IACLEA to continue to move forward and to work closer with the COPS
Continued on page 35
Schumann Named MidAmerica Region Director
A
ssociation News
By Priscilla Stevens, IACLEA President
M. Viljoen van der Walt Elected
International Region Director
By Jean Luc Mahieu, Current International Region Director
Viljoen van der Walt is the
Head of Risk and Protection
Services of the Stellenbosch
University, South Africa. He
has been in this position for
almost 10 years. He has a
degree in Industrial Psychology, Economics and Public
Administration from the
Stellenbosch University as
well as a degree in International Economics from the University of South Africa.
As a member of the IACLEA, he has
served on several committees and task
forces such as the Leadership Development Committee and the Mentoring
Task Force. He also actively participated in the building of relationships
between IACLEA and CAMPROSA, the
South African Association
since 2000. This includes
making numerous presentations at International Conferences (Port Elisabeth, South
Africa, 2000; Salt Rock, South
Africa, 2001; Uppsala, Sweden, 2002). He hosted a remarkable IACLEA International Conference at
Stellenbosch in 2003.
Viljoen will take office at the IACLEA
Annual Conference in Orlando, Florida,
for a three year term. As he has always
succeeded in his quests for improvements, no doubt the Board will be enriched with his wisdom and knowledge
of international matters.
I wish him very good luck.
Johnson Re-elected Director-at-Large
By Kenneth A. Willett, Immediate Past President and Chair, Leadership Development Committee
Ballots received by the deadline of April
21, 2006 for the election of a directorat-large have been counted by a Certified Public Accountant. He reports that
Phil Johnson has been elected to a full
term as director-at-large after having
been elected to complete the term of
Steven Healy in 2005.
The Leadership Development Committee and I send our congratulations
to Phil and our thanks to both candidates for showing an interest in IACLEA
by offering to volunteer their time and
services.
Members of the Leadership Development Committee hope for your continued support.
I am very pleased to announce that I have
asked Jim Schumann from College of St.
Benedict in St. Joseph, Minnesota, to fill
the year left on Ray Thrower’s term as
Mid-America Region Director, as Ray
moves into the President-Elect position.
Jim not only received support from within
his region but from board members as
well. Incoming President Steven Healy
has also expressed support.
In the words of a former IACLEA president “No one has done more recently to
keep our Minnesota state association vibrant than Jim. He has also been instrumental in moving the Mid-America region
forward through his efforts in hosting several Mid-America Regional Conferences
that have been very well attended and
provided members with quality professional sessions. Also, his service to the
Association as Chair of the Professional
Development Committee for several
Continued on page 4
Mid-Atlantic Region Elects
New Director
By Jeffery B. Horton, Director of Security,
Villanova University
The nomination period for candidates to
the position of Regional Director for the
Mid-Atlantic Region closed effective end
of business May 4, 2006.
One nomination was received for Ms.
Vickie L. Weaver, Director – Department
of Public Safety at Mount Rider University in Lawrenceville, NJ. An examination
of Vickie’s credentials shows that she has
met the requirements for nomination to
this position. Therefore, as chair and on
behalf of the Mid-Atlantic Region Leadership Development Committee, I am casting one vote for Vickie.
Please join me in congratulating Vickie.
I am confident that all members of our
region stand ready to assist her as she
takes on her new duties as our Regional
Director following the Annual Conference
in Orlando, Florida.
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 3
New IACLEA Staff Member
Lynn Sedlak has joined
the IACLEA staff team and
will have the title “Director of Membership and
Administration.” Born and
raised in Plainville and
Farmington, Connecticut,
Lynn received her
bachelor’s degree in Political Science from
Albertus Magnus College in New Haven and graduated this May with her
M.B.A. from the University of Hartford.
Lynn has over thirteen years of
association management experience.
For the past nine years, Lynn has been
the Director of Member Services for
the Greater Hartford Association of
REALTORS® (GHAR), a local real estate organization with over 4,000
members. While there, she managed
a staff of four people. Her varied responsibilities also included staff liaison to several volunteer committees,
planning all education and events, and
membership recruitment/retention.
Before joining GHAR, Lynn was
Director of Member Services for the
Independent Connecticut Petroleum
Association. She organized the first
major membership marketing campaign in the association’s history, resulting in a 20% increase in member
companies. In addition, Lynn organized all seminars and events. She was
also responsible for researching and
analyzing bills in the state legislature.
During her senior year
of college, Lynn interned
in Washington, D.C. for
Congresswoman Barbara
Kennelly. While there,
she trained new staff
members and researched
and responded to constituents’ inquiries.
Lynn is a past Board
Member of Rebuilding Together, Hartford. She currently volunteers for the
Bushnell Center for the Performing Arts
and is the Personnel Director for the
Avon Volunteer Fire Department. Lynn
resides in Avon, Connecticut, with her
husband Ken.
Lynn has a strong background and
proven expertise in membership development and retention. This competence will greatly assist the Association as we launch the two-year membership drive entitled “500 by 50.” As
you know, this goal is to recruit 500
new members by 2008, when the Association celebrates is 50th anniversary.
Lynn will also relieve Chris Blake of
some of his current responsibilities so
that he will be able to establish the bimonthly electronic newsletter and to
refine the Association’s media process
to enhance IACLEA’s response to press
inquiries. These initiatives, as well as
others, were approved at the April planning meeting in Lexington, Kentucky.
Lynn’s IACLEA email address is
[email protected] and her telephone
extension is 547.
Is Your Membership Information Up-to-Date?
To ensure the accuracy of the information that will be published in the IACLEA
2006-2007 Membership Directory, please check your information in the Members Only IACLEA Online Directory, http://www.iaclea.org. If you need your Web
ID and password to access the Online Directory, send an email to
[email protected]
If you need to make changes to the information on the Web site, please send
us the changes by completing the online IACLEA Membership Directory Change
of Address Form.
If you need to add or change the information about your institution, you will
need to complete the online Institution Demographic Survey located in the Membership Section.
Plan Now
for Future
IACLEA
Conferences
2007
June 26-29
Las Vegas, Nevada
2008
June 28-July 1
Hartford, Connecticut
Schumann Named Mid-America
Region Director
Continued from page 3
years is testimony to his leadership, organizational skills and commitment.”
Another member of the Mid-America
Region offering support for Jim wrote: “I
believe Jim’s proven dedication to
IACLEA, his desire to recruit and retain
members, his willingness to assist, in any
way he can, other chapters within our region and the association are testament that
he posseses the qualities expected of a
Regional Director.”
Finally, another supporter wrote: “I
have known Jim for several years now
and his undying commitment to IACLEA
is unparalleled. He has been a cornerstone
to the Minnesota Chapter and has been
the leader in hosting several outstanding
regional conferences. I have no doubt that
he will do what is needed to elevate the
Mid-America Region and support the international cause.”
Please join me in welcoming Jim
Schumann as part of the Board beginning
this summer. Jim can be reached at
[email protected].
If you have any questions please contact me directly at [email protected].
More Association News on page 36
A
ssociation News
Board Meeting Highlights • April 7-8, 2006
By Peter J. Berry, CAE, IACLEA Chief Staff Officer
The Board of Directors held its spring
Board
meeting
April 7-8, 2006 in
Lexington, Kentucky. Board members present were:
Priscilla Stevens, Kenneth Willett, Lisa
Sprague, James Bonner, Paul Ominsky,
Robert Bratten, Ray Thrower, Steve
Rittereiser, Dan Hutt, Jasper Cooke,
Steven Healy, Dave Worden, Jean-Luc
Mahieu, Phil Johnson, and Marlon Lynch.
Staff: Peter Berry, Chris Blake, Pamela
Hayes. Guest: Aaron Graves.
The following are the highlights of the
meeting:
Peter Berry reported on behalf of the
Accreditation Committee and Accreditation Coordinator Jack Leonard on recent
developments. The Committee is moving ahead with marketing plans for the
program, including the creation of a logo
and items to be offered at the Annual
Conference. A Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) piece was posted on the Web
site. A conference call was held among
Peter Berry, Committee Chair Dolores
Stafford, and Jack Leonard with attorney
Edward Lynch regarding CALEA’s letter
raising copyright issues. The following
plan was implemented:
• Applications for IACLEA Accreditation
are currently being accepted. Cornell
University was the first institution to
submit an application. Dolores Stafford
plans to recognize Cornell at the Conference.
• Regarding the CALEA letter dated
March 10, the solution developed is
for those departments that purchased
the IACLEA Standards Manual, Standards for Campus Public Safety Departments (based on CALEA’s 4th
Edition) to be accredited based on
those standards if they signed their
contract before January 7, 2006. The
$350 application fee will be applied
toward the accreditation fee. IACLEA
will provide its Accreditation Process
Manual upon its completion.
• Any department that enters into an
accreditation agreement after January
1, 2007 will be instructed to purchase
CALEA’s 5th edition Standards Manual,
Standards for Law Enforcement Agencies, directly from CALEA. IACLEA will
provide its Accreditation Process
Manual and all supplemental standards
unique to IACLEA and will identify
which CALEA standards are required
for IACLEA Accreditation.
Dolores Stafford and Jack Leonard will
meet on April 29, 2006, to plan the development of the new Accreditation Process Manual and other process and administrative documents. The goal will be
to avoid any future copyright issues with
CALEA.
The Committee is moving ahead with
marketing plans for the program, including
the creation of a logo and items to be
offered at the Annual Conference.
IACLEA will provide CALEA with information on the demographics of its membership and an assessment of the core
standards in CALEA’s 5th edition Standards
Manual. The prospect of an alliance-like
agreement with CALEA, while still conceivable, seems remote. IACLEA needs
to move ahead with the development of
its accreditation program.
A motion was approved to accept the
memorandum and the recommendations
of the Accreditation Committee regarding future steps to be taken by IACLEA
with regard to the Accreditation Program,
submitted by Accreditation Coordinator
Jack Leonard, dated March 31, 2006. A
motion was approved to clarify IACLEA’s
position with the Commission on the Accreditation of Law Enforcement Agencies
(CALEA), IACLEA will not market the current Standards Manual as of April 10, 2006.
IACLEA will not use the CALEA copyrighted materials in developing its Accreditation Process Manual.
Chris Blake reported on IACLEA’s
progress in developing a regional Incident Command System (ICS) training program supported by its U.S. Department
of Homeland Security (DHS) grant.
IACLEA held its first two-week ICS “train
the trainer” class December 5-16, 2005,
at the National Conference Center in
Lansdowne, Virginia. A total of 16 instructor candidates attended the class, conducted by master instructors from BowMac
Educational Services, IACLEA’s curriculum
provider for the ICS program. Following
completion, 16 candidates were certified
Continued on page 6
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 5
as ICS trainers. Four ICS classes were
scheduled in January and February 2006,
using the 16 new instructors. These threeday classes were held at IACLEA’s two
regional training sites: the University of
Nevada, Las Vegas (Jan. 11-13 and Jan.
23-25) and the University of Maryland at
College Park, MD (February 7-9 and February 21-23). For the initial class, instructors worked in teams of four with two
BowMac master instructors observing
them and conducting a detailed debriefing at the end of each day. Evaluations of
all four classes by the students were extremely positive. Dates have been established for the next three-day class at UNLV,
which will take place June 14-16.
Blake further reported that IACLEA is
sponsoring a second “train the trainer”
program to take place April 19-21, 2006,
at UNLV and May 15-26, 2006, at the
National Conference Center. IACLEA announced a Call for Nominations for instructor candidates in January and received 28
nominations, in addition to 26 left over
from last summer’s call. A small ad hoc
committee of the Domestic Preparedness
Committee reviewed the nominations and
selected 27 candidates to attend the class
in April, with 16 going on to the twoweek class in May.
DHS Program Manager Scott Whitney
has invited IACLEA to establish two additional regional training sites for the ICS
program. DHS is emphasizing the need
to place its resources in high-threat areas
of the country. In particular, Whitney
urged IACLEA to consider ICS training sites
in the Gulf Coast area from Florida to
Texas. Based on a review of applications
submitted last year for regional ICS sites,
staff has identified the University of Central Florida in Orlando and Rice University in Houston as the ideal sites for regional ICS training. Both are located in
high-threat areas as defined by DHS as
part of its Urban Areas Security Initiatives
(UASI), which directs funding to eligible
regions based on a risk formula. The DPC
was briefed on the two sites and agreed
that the staff should pursue this opportunity to establish additional ICS training
sites.
A motion was approved to direct the
Domestic Preparedness Committee to
The online directory is updated quarterly
and the entire Web site is updated on an
“as needed” basis.
provide the Board with a budget and plan
to implement a mobile Incident Command System (ICS) training program to
be presented at the Board meeting to be
held at the IACLEA 2006 Annual Conference in June. The Board also directed the
staff to send to the entire Board the
monthly grant update report that is currently sent to the DPC, the President, and
the Board Liaison.
Blake gave the Electronic Services report. There were 37,343 unique visitors
to the IACLEA Web site in 2005. The most
popular feature of the site continues to
be the Career Center, with 22,848 visitors. This was followed by the Annual
Conference/Meetings area, with 5,548
visitors; Membership, with 5,209 visitors,
About IACLEA and WMD Awareness
Training. A new area of the Web site is
being developed, WMD/Campus Preparedness Tools. This is where all of the
resources, training opportunities and reference materials developed under the
homeland security grant will be accessible
to campus public safety departments.
Staff recently began tracking visits to the
pages that contain grant-related resources
and those statistics are reflected in the
reports provided to the Board. IACLEA
has not yet begun to actively promote
these pages because many are still under
construction. Blake said he expects the
number of visits to these pages to increase
as member awareness increases.
The online directory is updated quarterly and the entire Web site is updated
on an “as needed” basis.
IACLEA has 1,258 subscribers to its
members-only list serv. IACLEA hosts 15
list servs and a breakdown of its list serv
subscribers is provided to the Board.
IACLEA has email addresses for more than
97 percent of its institutional members
and 97 percent of all members. These
percentages have remained constant over
the years.
Peter Berry said IACLEA is moving forward with the U.S. government relations
position. A job announcement has been
posted on the Web site, published in
newspapers in the Washington, D.C. area,
and forwarded to careerbuilder.com. The
application deadline is April 28. More than
50 applications have been received.
Dolores Stafford, D.C. Representation
Task Force chair, has made the decision
that IACLEA will only pursue individual
candidates, not contract firms, because of
the potential to utilize this individual on
other related projects.
The E-Learning Task Force held a conference call on March 13 and has identified Suicide Prevention as the topic of
the next seminar, based on suggestions
from the Board. Staff sent an email to the
Board to solicit potential subject matter
experts to serve as panel members for
the program. The seminar will be scheduled for either late May/early June, or late
September, depending on how quickly a
panel can be put together. IACLEA will
seek to partner with other associations
who may have an interest in the topic.
Chris Blake and Steve Rittereiser have
been working on an outline for a workshop at the Orlando Annual Conference
for incoming affiliate organization presidents to help them prepare to lead their
organizations. The focus would be leadership development and effective governance. The outline was provided in the
Board materials.
Blake reported that a secure online
form has been created for individuals and
organizations wishing to make a tax-deductible gift or bequest to IACLEA. The
online giving form will be accessible on
the Web site. It features a case statement
highlighting the reasons for making a donation to IACLEA. Final testing of the
online form is taking place. Staff will promote this program through marketing eblasts, an announcement on the home
page, and an article in the Campus Law
Enforcement Journal. Gifts will be unrestricted, meaning that IACLEA can use the
funds for any purpose.
J. Scott Whitney, DHS program manager for IACLEA’s homeland security grant,
made a site visit to Headquarters in West
Hartford, Connecticut, on February 16,
2006. Whitney met with Chief Staff OfContinued on page 31
M
Martin Roddini, Director of
Public Safety at Nassau
Community College,
Receives Leadership Award
ember News
New Members – March/April
Institutional Membership
Baptist University of the Americas
Charles L. Wedge
California State University – Channel
Islands
Jeffrey D. Cowgill, CPP
Fresno Pacific University
Greg Becker
Holy Family University
Joseph F. McBride
Metropolitan School District of Warren
Township
James George
Mills College
Mike Lopez
Monroe Community College
Lee Struble
New Mexico Military Institute
Larry R. Hickman
North Dakota State University
Ray Boyer
Ohio Dominican College
Doug Nunnally
Richard Stockton College of New Jersey
Glenn M. Miller
San Diego State University
John Browning
Southern California, University of
Carey M. Drayton
State University of New York
Roger J. Johnson
Syracuse University
Anthony Callisto
Tennessee – Knoxville, University of
August Washington
Professional Membership
Boise State University
Stanley Niccolls
Delaware State University
Craig T. Crippen
Bruce M. Thomas
Drexel University
Shawn Woods
Florida Gulf Coast University
Robert G. Pastula
Mesa Community College at Red
Mountain
Leslie Strickland
Metropolitan School District of Warren
Township
Mark Harsley
Mills College
Niviece D. Robinson
New York University
Jay Zwicker
Notre Dame, University of
David B. Chapman
Rollins College
Fernando Rodriguez
Rutgers University
Rhonda Harris
Saskatchewan, University of
Len Owen
Harold Shiffman
St. John’s University
Stephen Haag
Syracuse University
Grant Williams
Tulane University
Wade D. Schindler
West Virginia University
Brian Lauffer
Affiliate Membership
Federal Bureau of Investigation
James L. Ramey
Supporting Membership
Behavorial Criminology International
Gregg O. McCrary
Integrated Biometrics
Charles M. Johnson
The NTI Group, Inc.
Shannon Meadows
Garden City, NY –
On Thursday, April
27, Martin Roddini,
Director of Public
Safety at Nassau
Community College,
received the first annual Leadership
Award for Public
Safety from the officers and other employees in the department.
Prior to joining Nassau in September
2005, Roddini was Director of Public
Safety at the Newark campus of Rutgers
University. Before that, he was the
Deputy University Director of Public
Safety at the central office of the City
University of New York (CUNY), where
he oversaw and coordinated the public
safety operations of the 19 senior and
community colleges of CUNY. Roddini
also spent over twenty years with the
NYPD, retiring as a deputy chief in the
traffic department.
“Nassau Community College has an
excellent record when it comes to public
safety and that’s in large measure due to
the extraordinary dedication and diligence
of those employed in the Public Safety
Department. I am extremely pleased that
the first annual Leadership Award for Public Safety went to Martin,” said Dr. Sean
A. Fanelli, NCC President. “His innovative
ideas, experience and administrative style
have earned him respect from us all.”
Roddini has a master’s degree in Public Administration from C.W. Post and a
bachelor’s degree in sociology from St.
John’s University.
IACLEA STORE
NOW OPEN FOR BUSINESS
IACLEA Logo Apparel
and Accessories
Now available to IACLEA members
online, http://www.iaclea.org, in the
Members Only area.Continued on page 8
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 7
L
etter to the Editor
Dear Editor:
On February 25, 2005 at approximately 12:44 p.m., Officer Wesley Wilson, a sworn
law enforcement officer with the Davidson College Campus Police Department,
arrested John Vernon Parker on the charges of DWI and possession of marijuana.
Vernon, a non-student with no other affiliation with Davidson College, was driving on
Ridge Road approaching the Patterson Court intersection. Upon reaching the intersection Vernon made a sharp left turn and nearly collided with Officer Wilson’s discernible patrol vehicle. Officer Wilson conducted an investigative stop based on the
unsafe manner in which Vernon attempted to turn his automobile. Consequently,
Officer Wilson determined that Vernon was under the influence of an intoxicating
substance which impaired his ability to control a motor vehicle in a safe manner.
Subsequent to arrest, Officer Wilson searched Vernon’s car and found what appeared
to be a small bag of marijuana. Vernon’s B.A.C. (blood alcohol content) was twentyone upon processing at the Mecklenburg County Intake Center. Officer Wilson conducted himself professionally and followed departmental procedures explicitly.
To date Officer Wilson has made five court appearances involving district and
superior courts regarding this case. Vernon was found guilty in district court on the
DWI charge this past summer. He appealed to superior court this past November.
The basis of his appeal was a mirror image to the Pfeiffer University (North Carolina)
case in which the institution lost its company police certification. In our case the
superior court judge upheld the district court’s ruling. We are the first private campus
police agency to charge a DWI on property since the Campus Police Act was enacted in July. Without the support of the North Carolina Independent Colleges &
Universities, the Legislative Committee of the North Carolina Association of Campus
Law Enforcement Administrators, state government, and law enforcement agencies
the outcome may have been different.
I wanted to take a moment to share this news with the international association;
our efforts have borne fruit which will lead to a professional standing synonymous
with all law enforcement. Thank you and be safe.
Respectfully,
Fountain L. Walker, Chief of Campus Police, Davidson College
Keep Your
Membership
Information
Up-to-Date!
Check it out on the IACLEA
Members Only Area Online
Directory.
Update membership information by
completing the Members Only Online
Directory Change of Address Form.
Update your institutional information
by submitting the online Institution
Demographic Survey located in the
Membership section of the IACLEA
Web site, www.iaclea.org
American
Whistle defense
pu last page 36
U.S. Gulf Coast Schools Cite Hurricane Lessons
By Christopher G. Blake, CAE, WMD Project Director
Campus public safety leaders from about
a dozen Gulf Coast colleges and universities, as well as the chiefs of police from
Oklahoma University and Georgia Tech,
gathered recently to identify key lessons
learned from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita
and to determine how these lessons might
apply to other catastrophic events, including a terrorist attack. The OU and Georgia Tech chiefs shared with participants
the lessons learned from incidents involving explosives on their campuses in October 2005.
The Lessons Learned Listening Session
was sponsored by IACLEA, the Federal
Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and the U.S.
Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
The session took place in Lake Charles,
Louisiana, on March 21 and 22. McNeese
State University served as the host institution.
Delgado Community College
“One of the goals
of this meeting is to
further enhance the
lessons learned capability of campus public safety so that it can
be national in scope,”
said Jeff Allison, senior DHS law enforcement advisor,
who came up with
the idea to bring together the Gulf Coast
schools for the meeting. “This meeting is
a huge part of building that national Delgado Community
scope, lessons learned capability.”
Daryl Johnson, chief of police and director of public safety at Santa Fe Community College in Gainesville, Florida,
served as the facilitator. Matthew
Sherwood of the
National Emergency
Response and Rescue Training Center,
(NERRTC), Texas
Engineering Extension Service (TEEX)
at Texas A&M University served as
the report writer.
Public safety
leaders from the
Gulf Coast schools
gave presentations
at the meeting that
focused on what
College, New Orleans, Louisiana
went right, what went wrong, and what
key lessons were learned from Hurricanes
Katrina and Rita.
Among the preliminary lessons identified by Gulf Coast campus public safety
leaders are:
• Make arrangements in advance for
adequate stocks of equipment and
supplies (such as food, water, and fuel)
for a prolonged period of crisis by ensuring contracts are in place with vendors and suppliers. Most of the Gulf
Coast institutions had emergency plans
that called for only three days’ worth
of supplies for self-sufficiency. Those
plans are being reviewed in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, which resulted in a prolonged period of crisis.
• Establish mutual aid agreements with
outside law enforcement agencies and
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 9
Gulf Coast Schools Cite Hurricane Lessons
cations system failures, including the
availability of VHF radios as backups. Ensure radio interoperability,
access to radios and review the
National Incident Management System (NIMS) requirements for communications interoperability.
Stadium gate at McNeese State University, Lake
Charles, Louisiana
other emergency responders. Establish public/private partnerships with
surrounding entities to ensure that
your security and theirs are mutually
effective.
• Make sure to provide for the basic
needs of your officers and staff during an emergency. Work with your
officers to establish personal emergency plans for their families.
• Train command-level and supervisory
staff to assume a central command role
if the public safety executive is not
available.
• Provide critical incident and emergency management training that covers procedures and plans for all hazards, and include in that training not
only command staff, but also other senior officers and patrol officers. Utilize available Incident Command training programs such as IACLEA’s and
the Federal Emergency Management
Agency’s courses to ensure proper
training for all officers in Incident Command and Emergency Management.
• Provide redundant communications
capabilities in the event of communi-
• Establish in advance policies and
procedures for evacuation and sheltering of students and others from
the community. Arrange for inspection of designated shelters by an engineer and shelter specialist as part
of the planning; consider issues such
as staffing, training, certification, the
appropriateness of designated shelter facilities for each specific hazard,
and preparation for length of stay.
Katrina hit. Gamache said he had not yet
had an opportunity to designate a deputy
for command and control at that point.
One of the key lessons was that police
and administrators need more training in
Incident Command System (ICS) principles and procedures.
Robert Hopkins, public safety director
at the University of Southern Mississippi
in Hattiesburg, said the university’s Gulf
Coast campus suffered $200 million in
damages. Hopkins said the ICS and communications worked well. One of the
major issues was inadequate fuel supplies.
While the university was able to provide
food service through prearranged contracts, there were problems getting other
supplies, such as water and ice.
• Provide target-hardening for generators
and provide for
backup generator capacity in a protected
area.
• Set up an alternate
emergency Web site
in advance to facilitate communications
with students, parents, staff, and the
public.
Dr. Robert Herbert,
president of McNeese Delgado Community College
State University in Lake
Jackson State University in Jackson,
Charles, Louisiana, welcomed the particiMississippi,
served as an evacuation site
pants at the outset of the meeting. Dr.
for
Tulane
University
of New Orleans afHerbert said one of the key lessons from
ter
Hurricane
Katrina
struck
the area, said
Hurricane Rita, which hit Lake Charles,
Mary
Beth
Perkins,
associate
director of
was to move the Information Technolpublic
safety.
Jackson
State
officials
set
ogy (IT) equipment out of the storm’s
way. When Hurricane Rita
made landfall, the IT equipment had already been reloDr. Herbert said one of the key lessons from
cated and the school’s Web
Hurricane Rita, which hit Lake Charles, was
site was back up and running
to move the Information Technology (IT)
almost immediately. This alequipment out of the storm’s way.
lowed for contact with students and staff who were scattered in different areas.
Normand Gamache, police up an athletic assembly center with a TV,
chief at the University of South phone, Internet service and food service.
Alabama in Mobile, said he had Tulane brought their own emergency
been on the job as chief for management team, student life personContinued on page 11
two weeks when Hurricane
nel and its students were integrated with
Jackson State’s students. The IT center
was located off campus and had its own
generators, which allowed the university
to maintain its Web site during the entire
time for contact with people off campus.
A key lesson was the need for critical
incident management training.
Communication was spotty, and there was
no way to maintain situational awareness
or communicate to obtain needed supplies
and equipment.
Ken Dupaquier, public safety director
at Tulane, said communications was the
biggest problem during Hurricane
Katrina. The second biggest problem was
flooding in Katrina’s aftermath, which resulted in the loss of some physical and
electronic records. Tulane’s emergency
plan worked well until the flood water
started rising. Staff was scattered across
the country and the contacts list was lost
in the flooding, which complicated efforts
to keep in touch with key staff. The
emergency Web site set up in advance
by the university worked well and was
running very quickly after the hurricane
hit. While the university administration
relocated to Houston, security on the campus was provided by an outside company,
which controlled vehicle entrances to
keep people out and protect campus
assets.
Ronald Doucette, director of campus
Excellent coordination among police
police at Delgado Community College in
New Orleans, said the City Park Campus
agencies in the area facilitated a smooth
suffered significant damage primarily due
recovery from the storm.
to its location near the breach in the 17th
Street Canal levee. About 70 percent of
the City Park Campus was affected and communication with decision makers off
only eight of its 25 buildings are now func- campus. Many in the command structure
tional. Communications was lost during were out of town. A Web site was set up
the hurricane, making situational aware- at the Louisiana State University (LSU)
ness difficult. Officers and their families campus in Baton Rouge to get word to
were sheltered on campus during the hur- people off campus. Most of the seven
ricane. The New Orleans Fire vehicular entrances to campus were
Department’s 9-1-1 communications sec- blocked with barricades.
tion was relocated to the campus because
Nicholls State University in Thibodaux,
their facility was severely damaged by Louisiana, served as a shelter and took
the storm. Nearly 200 residents, includ- evacuees from other universities, said
ing many with special
Police Chief Craig Jaccuzzo. Shelter manneeds, sought assistance
at the campus and officers did the best they could
to take care of them with
limited
resources,
Doucette said.
At Xavier University in
New Orleans, flooding
was a major problem and
getting food and supplies
to people around campus
had to be done by boat,
said Duane Carkum, campus police chief. The campus was under six to 10
feet of water and it took
Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
six hours to deliver food
to the people spread around campus, agement and lack of clarity regarding lewhich was done twice a day. A key les- gal authority over resources were the prison was the need for critical incident man- mary issues. The university hosted a speagement training. Communication was cial needs shelter and more than 800
spotty, and there was no people were evacuated from New Orway to maintain situ- leans to be processed and sent to other
ational awareness or facilities. At one point, there were no lights
communicate to obtain or electricity in the shelter and about 60
needed supplies and animals had to be housed there. Some
equipment.
crimes were committed in the shelter and
The University of there were some mental health and other
New Orleans evacuated issues that university police were not all
students to a large shel- trained to deal with, highlighting the need
ter in Baker, LA, said for more training.
campus police Lieut.
Centenary College, located in ShreveSidney Cross. The cam- port, Louisiana, had been previously despus was flooded after ignated as the evacuation site for Dillard
the hurricane and offic- University of New Orleans and had been
ers on the campus were used during recent hurricanes. Based on
on their own, with no
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 11
previous experience, Centenary beefed
up its evacuation plan by obtaining generators, cots, and additional communications equipment, said campus police Chief
Zeke Aull. For Katrina, the college was
prepared to house evacuees for seven
days. Due to the prolonged nature of the
emergency, Centenary officials allowed
Dillard students to attend classes and participate in other activities to keep them
actively engaged. The college did not
anticipate the counseling needs that some
students would require. Dillard administrators were scattered and students were
not prepared for a lengthy evacuation.
There was no ability to get Dillard students home around the country. Centenary ended up contracting with a bus
company to transport students to various
locations around the country.
David Benada, police chief at McNeese
State University, said university officials
received a call from the state Emergency
Operations Center prior to Hurricane
Katrina advising that McNeese would be
used as a shelter. Burton Coliseum in Lake
Charles was set up as a general population center and housed New Orleans
evacuees for about a month. When Hurricane Rita hit, the university decided to
close the shelter. Those who had evacuated after Katrina were transported to
other locations. The university opened a
secondary emergency operations center
and started repositioning supplies before
Hurricane Rita struck. Forty-six of the 50
buildings on campus suffered some water damage. The university put out the
word on its Web site for people to stay
away from campus. IT and payroll staff
were sent to Louisiana Tech, where
they were able to
resume vital functions within a day.
Excellent coordination among police
agencies in the area
facilitated a smooth
recovery from the
storm.
Ricky Adams,
chief of police at
LSU in Baton
Rouge, said LSU set Wilson Athletic Complex at Tulane University
up the largest triage facility in the country after Hurricane bomber who self-detonated outside of
Katrina. An estimated 25,000 or more OU’s football stadium during a game
people were treated in a medical field against Kansas State University on Octohospital and remote triage sites at LSU. ber 1, 2005. There was also a presentaThe university did not anticipate the tion by Teresa Crocker, police chief at
Georgia Tech, regarding a hot water bottle
bomb incident that took place at the
university’s Atlanta campus on October
The college did not anticipate the
10, 2005.
counseling needs that some students would
IACLEA President Priscilla Stevens, who
require. Dillard administrators were
attended the session, said she was especially impressed by the extraordinary efscattered and students were not prepared
forts made by campus public safety staff
for a lengthy evacuation.
to protect lives and campus facilities during and after the two hurricanes. “You
are the true essence of what campus
heavy helicopter traffic that descended public safety is all about – dedicated proupon the campus; in some cases, 25-year- fessionals who stayed to protect others,”
old police officers were directing air traf- Stevens said to the Gulf Coast public
fic by hand, with no UHF/VHF radio ca- safety leaders.
pability. Officials had to deal with a treIACLEA wishes to thank Police Chief
mendous influx of evacuees fleeing New David Benada of McNeese State UniverOrleans who saw the triage center as a sity for his tremendous help with the
shelter. The university had to set up an meeting arrangements in Lake Charles.
alternative facility for
The identified lessons will be compiled
temporary shelter by TEEX into a Lessons Learned report
until they could that will be distributed to campus public
transport people to safety departments and key campus adother locations ministrators, relevant federal agencies, law
around the country.
enforcement and higher education assoDuring the two- ciations, and other stakeholders.
day meeting, the par(The author wishes to thank Matthew
ticipants also heard a Sherwood of the National Emergency
presentation from Response and Rescue Training Center
Elizabeth Woollen, (NERRTC), Texas Engineering Extension
police chief at Okla- Service (TEEX), at Texas A&M University,
homa University, re- for his assistance with this article.)
garding a suicide
Educational Awareness for Nicotine and Alcohol
Addiction in Law Enforcement
By Daniel J. Benny, M.A., CPP, PCI, CCO, CLET, Private Investigator and Security Consultant
Working in law enforcement is one of the
most stressful occupations an individual
can choose as a profession. This is due to
many negative aspects of the law enforcement career field and the nature of the
work. Duties can range from the boredom of surveillance, traffic patrol, the tedious processing of a crime scene and
the documenting and writing of detailed
reports to conflict resolution and facing
an armed assault in which the officer is in
a fight for his or her life. What an officer
observes during his or her routine duties
can also be stressful. The evil acts that
individuals commit against other persons
and even animals can shake the strongest person to the core and add to the
stress of the job (Swanson, Territo, & Taylor, 2004).
As if this stress were not enough to
deal with, the litigious society in which
officers must work and perform their duties is overwhelming. A police officer,
often times must make a legal decision
in a matter of seconds, to determine if
their actions are justified. If not justified
in their course of action, officers may find
themselves in the middle of a lawsuit,
which could be financially devastating.
They may also be subject to disciplinary
action from the department for which
they work. Such disciplinary action may
include the loss of their job as a police
officer and loss of medical and insurance
benefits and retirement (Swanson, Territo,
& Taylor, 2004).
In addition to financial loss, police officers could also face criminal charges if
they act improperly and in violation of
Working in law enforcement is one of the
most stressful occupations an individual can
choose as a profession.
criminal law. This would lead to more financial hardship from the cost and fines
of the court and even a possible jail term.
Working in the law enforcement profession consists of working a variety of
shifts including evenings, nights and
weekends. It could also involve working
on holidays and special days such as birthdays and anniversaries. This work schedule can have a negative impact on officers, their families and loved ones
(Swanson, Territo, & Taylor, 2004).
Shift work and mandatory overtime
can also result in eating and sleep disorders. Because of the disruption of the body
clock the police officer may not be eating foods in the proper amount. Depending on the situation it could lead to health
issues.
This can also be very disruptive to an
officer’s personal life and relationships.
Police officers have one of the highest
divorce rates of any profession. They also
have difficulty in building new relationships with friends and neighbors as well
as during the dating process when seeking a partner (Swanson, Territo, & Taylor,
2004).
Police officers often do not seek help,
either privately or through police department employee assistance programs. This
may be due to an unfounded fear of being stigmatized by the department, other
officers, friends and family. One of the
major concerns is that of losing their job
as a police officer. Stigma has long been
accepted by mental health and addiction
treatment professionals as a serious barrier to seeking assistance in dealing with
emotional and addiction issues (Tucker,
Donovan, & Marlatt, 1999). Many individuals, especially those in law enforcement,
feel they can handle the problem on their
own.
In some situations, if officers develop
other interests or distractions in their life
they may not resort to addictive behavior. The Behavioral Economic Model looks
at the issues of abusers and if other forms
of distraction are present (Tucker,
Donovan, & Marlatt, 1999). If distractions
are present then the abuser will not abuse
a substance as frequently. An example of
this might be a pipe smoker who is sitting in a room and only has his pipe. If
that is all he has to do, then he will smoke
the pipe frequently. If you place some
food and drink in the room or perhaps a
good book to read or DVD to watch,
based on the Behavioral Economic Model,
the individual will not smoke the pipe as
much as they will be utilizing time and
effort to eat and drink or enjoy the other
entertainment (Tucker, Donovan, &
Marlatt, 1999).
The model also contributes to successful psychological assessment, which will
assist in individualized intervention and
treatment for the police officer (Tucker,
Donovan, & Marlatt, 1999). If the officer
can deal with emotional issues it may reContinued on page 14
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 13
Educational Awareness for Nicotine and Alcohol Addiction in Law Enforcement
duce the need for substance abuse. The
model also provides insight into new
ways of looking at the prevention of substance abuse. It brings to light many risk
factors the police officer may face that
can lead to addiction (Tucker, Donovan,
& Marlatt, 1999). By understanding these
factors that lead to abuse and addiction,
preventative steps can be taken to reduce the risk of addiction.
By not seeking assistance, officers often resort to addictive behavior in order
to cope with the stressful aspects of their
life and all the problems associated with
the stigma of seeking assistance. Then,
not only does the officer have the stigma
of the underlying or root causes of the
problems in their life, but also the addiction to some form of substance that will
be detrimental to their health and life
(Lisks, 1997).
This addictive behavior can assume
many forms, depending on the officers
and their situation. The two most common forms of addiction and abuse of
those who work in the law enforcement
profession are nicotine and alcohol addiction (Swanson, Territo, & Taylor, 2004).
Nicotine addiction can take many
forms. Regardless of the form or method
in which nicotine is brought into the body
One of the common methods of nicotine use
is the tobacco product know as snuff.
The effect of the nicotine is achieved
through the process of snorting the snuff
into the nasal cavity.
by an individual and especially if they
become addicted to a nicotine product, it
is harmful to the individual and in some
cases it can be deadly.
The reason that nicotine is so harmful
to an individual is that it releases toxic
agents into the body. The level of damage to the individual’s body will be based
on the method of nicotine induction.
Some methods will result in minor health
problems and discomfort. Regardless of
the method of use, nicotine products, if
utilized over a long period of time, can
result in serious health issues and often
cancer and death (Lisks, 1997).
One of the common methods of nicotine use is the tobacco product know as
snuff. The effect of the nicotine is
achieved through the process of snorting
the snuff into the nasal cavity. Snuff when
snorted into the nasal cavity can cause
damage to the tissue of the entire nasal
cavity. With heavy and prolonged use it
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can lead to cancer of the nasal cavity as
well as other areas of the body (Lisks,
1997).
Chewing tobacco is another nicotine
product often used by police officers. In
this form nicotine is ingested into the body
by the process of chewing the tobacco
product. Chewing tobacco can cause many
problems within the mouth cavity and
esophagus. It can lead to tooth decay and
gum disease. Other medical issues resulting from the use of chewing tobacco include cancer of the mouth, tongue, and
esophagus (Lisks, 1997).
Tobacco can also be smoked in pipes.
While pipes are not as popular as they
once were, many in law enforcement
have selected this method of introducing
nicotine into the body because of the
mystique of Sherlock Holmes, the famous
fictional detective beloved by many in
the law enforcement profession. One of
the most famous traits of Sherlock Homes
was the fact that he smoked a variety of
pipes. He also consumed nicotine by
smoking cigarettes as well as cigars. In
addition to his nicotine addictions, he also
used cocaine at a seven percent solution
(Doyle, 1892). It should be noted that
cocaine, at the time it was used by
Sherlock Holmes, was legal and the addictive nature of the drug was not yet
known (Lisks, 1997).
Pipe smoking does not entail the direct inhaling of the tobacco smoke into
the lungs. There is however the risk of
lung disease from the breathing of the
secondhand smoke. Other medical issues
and concerns can take the form of chronic
respiratory disease, which can be devastating to a police officer’s career. Lung
cancer could also be caused inhaling the
secondhand smoke.
The most common medical concern
related to pipe smoking is that it may
lead to cancer of the mouth, tongue and
esophagus (Lisks, 1997). Pipe smoke, like
all other methods of tobacco and nicotine use, can lead to death.
The smoking of cigars is very popular and often embellishes the macho image of many in the law enforcement profession. Many woman officers have also
begun to smoke cigars as part of this law
enforcement image in order to be part of
the law enforcement community.
The smoking of cigars has increased
significantly in recent years (U.S. Surgeon
General, 2004). Its popularity is evident
by the sales of the product and the mystique associated with the smoking of cigars as can be seen in the pages of various cigar magazines. Within the pages of
the publication are photographs that cigar smokers send in of themselves while
smoking a cigar. Many of the photographs
seen each month are of both male and
female police officers (Shanken, 2005).
Cigar smoking, like pipe smoking,
does not include the inhaling of the tobacco smoke directly into the lungs. But
like pipes there is the risk of respiratory
disease as well as lung cancer from the
secondhand smoke. Cigar smoking can
also lead to cancer of the mouth, tongue
and esophagus (Lisks, 1997).
As determined by the United States
Surgeon General, the most common and
harmful form of nicotine addiction and the
utilization of a tobacco product is the
smoking of cigarettes (U.S. Surgeon General, 2004). The smoking of cigarettes
accounts for the majority of all cases of
lung cancer within the United States and
it is fair to say that cigarette smoking is
the most harmful and most deadly of all
tobacco products on the market.
The smoking of cigarettes can lead to
chronic and disabling respiratory disease
and to lung cancer from the direct and
secondhand smoke (American Lung Association 2005).
The use of tobacco products by police officers can have a negative effect
on their health. Based on the nature of
the profession, police officers need to be
in the best possible health in order to be
able to withstand the rigors of the physical aspect of their occupation. In addition
to health issues there is also the aspect of
public image. A police officer in uniform
who is in contact with the public would
not present a professional image with a
mouth full of chewing tobacco or a cigarette or cigar hanging out of his or her
mouth. All police departments have policies and procedures with regard to the
use of tobacco products while on duty
and in uniform. In most cases the use of
tobacco products while in uniform and
on duty is prohibited (American Lung
Association 2005).
Some police departments have policies that require police officers and employees to be nicotine free both on and
off duty. Departments with such stringent
nicotine free policies will require the police officers as a condition of employment
to participate in mandatory nicotine testing upon hiring. This testing will also be
continued on a periodic basis throughout
their career. Random testing can also be
conducted for suspicion of use of any tobacco products. Violations of such a policy
will result in disciplinary action and man-
It is important for police officers to seek
help with regard to the treatment of
nicotine addiction. It is beneficial to their
health and will remove any professional or
occupational issues related to the use of
tobacco products on or off the job.
datory treatment for addiction to nicotine.
Termination from the department is possible should the officer refuse to take part
in or fail to complete an addiction treatment program or if the police officer refuses to discontinue the use of tobacco
products.
It is important for police officers to
seek help with regard to the treatment
of nicotine addiction. It is beneficial to
their health and will remove any professional or occupational issues related to the
use of tobacco products on or off the job.
Many individuals feel that they do not
need the help of a formal program, that
they are strong enough and have the will
power to quit smoking on their own. Research has shown that less than 5% of
smokers are successful without some
form of intervention (Tucker, Donovan,
& Marlatt, 1999).
There are self-help programs that individuals can utilize rather than taking part
in formal addiction programs. These selfhelp programs include motivational products such as manuals, DVDs and audiotapes to provide knowledge and motiva-
tion to the individual seeking to discontinue their addiction to nicotine and tobacco products.
The use of self-help products is still
considered to be intervention with regard
to the treatment of this type of addiction
(Tucker, Donovan, & Marlatt, 1999).
Other methods of treating nicotine
addiction when working with an addiction treatment professional would include
support groups that meet over a six-week
period to provide the motivation and support to the individual as they progress
through the treatment process. In conjunction with the support groups nicotine replacement therapy is also utilized,
to slowly allow the individual to reduce
the need for nicotine so that they are no
longer addicted. Such products replace
the very high concentrations of nicotine
within the individual’s system and the
amount obtained from smoking with lower
doses. These lower doses are delivered
over a period of time and make it much
easier for addicted individuals to be
successful in their treatment and recovery from nicotine addiction
(www.ivillage.co.uk/health/hlive).
Methods of delivery would include
patches placed on the skin through which
nicotine is then absorbed into the body.
The use of nicotine chewing gum is an
effective method of treatment, and chewing is also physically and psychologically
beneficial as it provides a physical release
and the taste of nicotine. Chewing the
gum takes the place of physically smoking cigarettes and contributes to the treatment process (www.ivillage.co.uk/health/
hlive).
Nicotine tablets are an easy and convenient method to introduce the product
into the body. The nicotine tablets soothe
the cravings for nicotine and provide
motivation to continue with the treatment
Nicotine lozenges are also very effective; like nicotine gum they provide the
addicted individual with the taste of nicotine and a physical release through sucking the lozenges. They are one of the
more popular products and methods for
the treatment of nicotine addiction
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 15
Nicotine sprays and inhalants, while
not as popular or convenient, are also utilized as treatment for nicotine addiction.
In this method the product is introduced
into the body with a spray in the mouth
or an inhalant into the nasal cavity
Nicotine addiction carries a significant
health risk for anyone who uses tobacco
products, including police officers. It can
also create a public image problem for
the department if officers smoke in public while in uniform or in taxpayers’ police vehicles. Additionally, as discussed,
an officer who uses nicotine products may
be in violation of departmental policy, and
employment issues will result if the addiction is not controlled.
Based on all of these issues, it is clear
how the use of nicotine products is not in
the best interest of a professional, healthconscious police officer.
Alcohol addiction and problems related to
such addiction can manifest in numerous
ways, including a higher than normal rate
of absenteeism compared to that officer’s
past record and the absentee record of
other officers.
Another significant and common form
of addiction for police officers is that of
alcohol abuse and addiction (Schmidt,
2001). Within the law enforcement community there is much camaraderie. This
is due to the nature and stress of the occupation. There is a need for police officers to support each other and with that
comes conformity in behavior. Also within
the police culture there is a macho image and mindset that it is acceptable for
police officers to take part in the con-
sumption of alcoholic beverages
While alcohol is legal it is often abused
by police officers as they attempt to deal
with the stress of the occupation. This of
course can lead to serious addiction resulting in employment issues and negative public relations for the department.
In many cases divorce or serious relationship problems manifest themselves for
the officer and their significant other or
additional family members.
Alcohol addiction and problems related to such addiction can manifest in
numerous ways, including a higher than
normal rate of absenteeism compared to
that officer’s past record and the absentee record of other officers. An officer with
an alcohol addiction problem may leave
his or her assigned post temporarily to
Change Attitudes, Change Behavior, Save Lives
In today’s campus environment every institution recognizes the
responsibility for keeping its students safe. The common reaction is to
step up manpower and crack down on crime. However, it takes more
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8350
obtain alcohol. An officer may begin to
drink at lunch time while in uniform. If
the addiction is prevalent, the officer may
go so far as to have bottles of alcohol
hidden in a patrol vehicle, an office desk
or in a metal flask on their person
Other symptoms of alcohol abuse on
the job may include a lower quality and
quantity of work than was previously
performed by the officer. Physical signs
will also become apparent over time.
These would include the smell of alcohol
on the breath, red and bleary eyes, a red
face and loud or slurred speech. Extreme
physical signs include hand tremors and
passing out on the job (DSM-IV-Task
Force, 2000).
One barrier to treatment related to
criminal justice professionals is when an
individual is required through coercion by
law enforcement agencies to take part in
a treatment program. Just because individuals are ordered to obtain assistance,
if they do not have the desire or will to
take part in the program, they may not
be successful (Tucker, Donovan, &
Marlatt, 1999).
The solution to this issue, rather than
forcing individuals into such a program, is
to provide them with information and
guidance to show them the benefits of
such treatment. If you can persuade them
to make such a decision they are more
likely to be successful in the treatment
program (Schmidt, 2001).
Many departments have developed
some successful programs to assist police officers through a formal Employee
Assistance Program. The most effective
approach is for the department to develop
a comprehensive strategy to address the
problem, which would include organizational-level intervention, provider-level
intervention and individual intervention
(Tucker, Donovan, & Marlatt, 1999).
The organizational level includes a
departmental benefit policy covering initial employee assistance treatment programs as well as follow-up care. There
needs to be resource allocation with the
police department for treatment innovations. Another component of organizational intervention would include the development of a community outreach pro-
It is important for a police department to
provide assistance to the police officers
within the department so that they
understand the health issues related to
alcohol abuse and addiction. This type of
assistance is a primary method in the
prevention of alcohol addiction.
gram. Local treatment organizations and
facilities that could provide assistance to
officers would be identified and a resource
list developed from that research (Tucker,
Donovan, & Marlatt, 1999).
The Denver, Colorado Police Department provides an excellent example of
organizational level intervention. The
Denver Police Department has been proactive in its alcohol abuse program. Some
of the benefits include the retention of
most officers who suffered from alcoholism and improved departmental attitudes
related to the issue of alcohol abuse to
eliminate the stigma associated with such
an addiction. The most important aspect
of the Denver Police Department assistance program is that the department fully
cooperates with any and all rehabilitation
efforts (Swanson, Territo, & Taylor, 2004).
It is important for a police department
to provide assistance to the police officers within the department so that they
understand the health issues related to
alcohol abuse and addiction. This type of
assistance is a primary method in the prevention of alcohol addiction. Unfortunately
many police officers do not take advantage of these prevention programs and
will become addicted. For that reason
police departments, as part of their employee assistance program, must be in a
position to offer effective treatment and
follow-up programs that will be in the best
interest of the officer, the police department and the community in which they
serve.
Legislative outreach is also an option
at the organizational level. This aspect of
the program can have the most lasting
impact should successful legislative action come to fruition which will enhance
the resources and treatment for the en-
tire community (Tucker, Donovan, &
Marlatt, 1999).
With practice-level intervention the
primary focus is education, training and
the development of guidelines and automated tracking systems to monitor the
addictive behavior and treatment of police offers seeking assistance (Tucker,
Donovan, & Marlatt, 1999). One successful tool as part of the practice-level intervention effort and the department’s assistance program, which acts as a first step
for officers to realize they have an alcohol problem, is an alcohol self-assessment
checklist.
Some of the common questions presented in the alcohol self-assessment
checklist include asking the officer if they
drink alone on a regular basis and, if they
do, if they need a drink to get over the
hangover. Other questions center around
if an officer needs a drink during certain
times of the day and if the officer finds it
harder to get along without that drink.
Motives are reflected in the questions as
well. This forces officers to ask themselves
why they are drinking so much. The selfassessment may indicate that the drinking is related to stress, fear, shyness or
insecurity.
Additional assessment questions may
cover topics such as memory loss, deterioration of reflex skills such as driving a
patrol vehicle, change in moods and bouts
of anger.
Questions on heavy drinking and
binges may also be included in the selfassessment (Swanson, Territo, & Taylor,
2004).
Some of the other components of a
police department’s alcohol addiction prevention program may include awareness
training programs, publications, a Web
page and Web links on the internet related to addiction prevention and treatment. Educational awareness DVDs or
VHS tapes can also be utilized at roll call
training or for personal viewing by officers during department work time or to
be signed out and taken home for private or family viewing (Swanson, Territo,
& Taylor, 2004).
At the individual-level intervention
segment of the program the police ofContinued on page 18
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 17
ficer with the alcohol addiction problem
works and interacts on an individual level
to resolve the addiction issues (Tucker,
Donovan, & Marlatt, 1999). This may take
the form of group sessions with other individuals suffering the same addiction
along with guidance from counselors in a
medical or health care setting. There are
formal national organizations such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) to serve in this
role. Founded in 1935, AA is a social
movement designed to provide a safe and
accepting environment for recovering alcoholics. One of the goals is to remove
the stigma associated with alcoholism as
the members work through the 12-step
principles of the AA worldwide recognized recovery program (Tucker,
Individual intervention also includes
the utilization of a variety of written material to provide assistance and encour-
Individual intervention also includes the
utilization of a variety of written material to
provide assistance and encouragement to
the recovering alcoholic.
agement to the recovering alcoholic. The
material may be in the form of books such
as the Betty Ford Center book on substance abuse. The publication provides
an array of self-help guides, exercises and
strategies to fight and win the battle
against addiction. It also provides some
excellent resources for police officers to
obtain additional information on addiction
and other sources of assistance (West,
1997).
Handouts containing information on
treatment, resources and contact information can be valuable. This type of written
information is an important aspect of a
police officer’s individual intervention
process.
Outreach telephone counseling is another aspect of the individual intervention process that can be a very effective
tool. This allows police officers to be able
to talk with an addiction treatment professional in the privacy and comfort of
their home while seeking assistance and
guidance (Tucker, Donovan, & Marlatt,
1999). This type of intervention is an
excellent method of dealing with addiction recovery issues.
With the individual intervention process it is vital that police officers be motivated and extremely organized in their
methods so that they are successful in
their addiction treatment. A treatment
planner, which provides the officer with
a visual schedule and timeline of the treatment process and program, is a valuable
tool in keeping the addicted individual
focused not only on the treatment schedule but also on the final goal (Jongsma,
2001). That final goal of being alcohol
free is attainable and any tool that helps
In addition to the hours worked, police
officers are confronted with all of the negative
aspects that society has to offer. They see and
experience what most others in society do not,
the evil that humans inflict on each other.
in successfully reaching that goal should
be utilized.
In summary, it is evident that police
officers, based on the nature of their profession, are subject to an enormous
amount of daily stress. This stress stems
from the often adverse working conditions such as working shifts, weekends,
holidays and special days associated with
their personal life as well as mandatory
overtime (Swanson, Territo, & Taylor,
2004).
In addition to the hours worked, police officers are confronted with all of the
negative aspects that society has to offer. They see and experience what most
others in society do not, the evil that humans inflict on each other.
The final area that creates stress for
police officers is that they place their life
in danger daily to protect the community
they serve. A police officer or their partner could be killed or seriously injured at
any time during the course of their tour
of duty. If use of force is required the
police officer must then deal with the
consequences.
These may take the form of personal
guilt for taking the life of another individual or not being able to save someone
it was their duty to protect. If a suspect is
killed in the line of duty the police officer will face an inquest and a possible
civil lawsuit from the family of the suspect, even if the officer was not criminally liable and followed proper procedures. If the officer made an error, then
criminal proceedings could be forthcoming (Swanson, Territo, & Taylor, 2004).
This occupational stress has been
shown to manifest itself in a host of psychological issues for police officers, including difficulty with relationships and family members, a high divorce rate and addiction to substances such as nicotine
products and alcohol.
The two primary addictions facing
police officers are nicotine and alcohol.
In comparing the two substances it is clear
that while use of nicotine products may
not negatively impact an officer’s career
to the extent of alcohol abuse, it can still
have a serious and even deadly impact
on the personal health of the police officer (Swanson, Territo, & Taylor, 2004).
While there are many methods of
consuming nicotine such as snuff, chewing tobacco, pipe smoking, and cigars, the
most common and most deadly form of
nicotine use is the smoking of cigarettes
(U.S. Surgeon General, 2004).
Alcohol addiction will have more of
an immediate impact on a police officer’s
personal life as well as their professional
career since the effects of alcohol abuse
can greatly impact the officer’s ability to
While there are many methods of
consuming nicotine such as snuff, chewing
tobacco, pipe smoking, and cigars, the most
common and most deadly form of nicotine
use is the smoking of cigarettes (U.S.
Surgeon General, 2004).
function on a daily basis. The medical issues related to alcoholism will develop
over time in the form of liver disease and
various forms of cancer such as the stomach, liver and digestive track with prolonged use (Lisks, 1997).
Treatment for nicotine and alcohol
abuse has many similarities and of course
some differences. The overall course of
treatment interventions on the organizational level are quite similar in that they
both can be treated under a police
department’s benefit policy program
where resources have been allocated.
Community outreach programs are also
utilized and in some cases there is legis-
lative outreach (Tucker, Donovan, &
Marlatt, 1999).
The treatment of nicotine addiction
often comprises the use of physical aids
in the form of patches, chewing gum and
other products to gradually divert the
police officer’s use of tobacco products.
Comparing this to the treatment of alcohol abuse the focus is on support groups
such as Alcoholics Anonymous and diversion aspects of the economic model of
treatment and recovery (Tucker,
The most important aspect of the
treatment and recovery process is the
motivation of the individual seeking assistance and their ability to take part in
individual intervention processes and activities. For an individual such as a police
officer who is used to being in control, to
continue to remain free from substance
abuse the officer must take part in progressive programs such as one-on-one
and group counseling sessions and review
of written material as well as DVDs and
VHS video. The individual’s ability to take
part in outreach programs such as telephone counseling can be of great benefit
and may be the resource that best fits
their personality, time constraints and confidentiality concerns over the stigma of
addiction (Tucker, Donovan, & Marlatt,
1999).
The widespread use of addictive substances has altered our society in the
United States. While the types of drugs
utilized have changed over the years the
need for psychoactive substances has remained constant affecting individuals of
all ethnic, racial, religious, political and
professional backgrounds (Tucker,
This usage has left no area of society
untouched. And it includes police officers, who are expected to be above the
afflictions of the average citizen and the
general public. But it is important to remember that the United States system of
law enforcement, the police officer, is also
the public as the public makes up the
police (Carter, 2002). A police officer has
the same human frailties and weaknesses
as any other individual within the comContinued on page 20
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 19
munity that they have sworn to serve and
protect. There will be times when they
need protection from their own demons
and will be seeking their own protection
through their police department and the
members of the addictive treatment community.
References
American Lung Association (2005). Smoking in
the Workplace. Retrieved July 10, 2005,
from http://www.lungusa.org
Carter, D. (2002). The Police and the Community. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Doyle, C. (1892). The Complete Sherlock Holmes,
London, UK: Doubleday.
DSM-IV-Task Force, 2000. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.
iVilliage.co.uk (2005). Stop Smoking. Retrieved
July
10,
2005,
from
http://
www.ivillage.co.uk/health/hlive/smoke/
articles/0,,183995_184598,00.html.
Jongsma, A. (2005). The Addiction Treatment
Planner, New York, NY: John Wiley &
Sons.
Liska, K. (1997). Drugs and the Human Body,
Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Historical Law Enforcement
Items Wanted
Schmidt, G. (2001). Drug Treatment in the Criminal Justice System. Rockville, MD: Drug
Policy Clearing House.
Shaken, M. (2005). Cigar Aficionado’s Guide to
the World’s Finest Cigars. Philadelphia, PA:
Running Press.
Swanson, C., Territo, L., & Taylor, R. (2004).
Police Administration, Upper Saddle River,
NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.
Tucker J., Donovan D., & Marlatt, G. (1999).
Changing Addictive Behavior, New York,
NY: Guilford Press.
U.S. Surgeon General (2004). 2004 Surgeon
General’s Report: The Health Consequences
of Smoking, Atlanta, GA: CDC Publications.
West, J. (1997). The Betty Ford Center Book of
Answers for Those Struggling with Substance
Abuse, New York, NY: Pocket Books.
About the Author
Daniel J. Benny, a former IACLEA member, is a Ph.D. candidate in Criminal
Justice with Capella University and a licensed Private Investigator and Security
Consultant operating out of Harrisburg,
Pennsylvania.
By Fred Behr, Chair of the Media and Conference Displays 50th Anniversary
Committee
In 2008, IACLEA will be celebrating our
50th Anniversary at the Annual Conference in Hartford, Connecticut. The Media and Conference Displays Committee is planning to provide a historical
look at the progress of IACLEA and a
mini-museum containing a historical
look at campus law enforcement in
general.
We will assemble the history of
IACLEA including a year by year look
at the Association, conference site information, significant events impacting
campus law enforcement, the evolution
of membership services offered as well
as items produced by IACLEA for their
members.
The mini-museum will contain “tools
of the trade” used in campus law enFred Behr
Ben Gollotti
John Pack
David Reagan
forcement such as old uniforms, time
clocks, leather gear, hats, badges, flashlights, watchman’s ring of keys, old
photos of patrol cars, motorcycle units,
saps, billie clubs, handcuffs, etc. (sorry,
no firearms) — virtually any item that
depicts the origins of campus law enforcement from 1958 (or earlier) up to
the technology we use today. If you
have items that you feel fit the spirit of
this venture and are willing to loan the
items to the museum, please contact
one of the committee members listed
below. We would like the items by January 1, 2008 to begin setting up the
museum. They will be returned
promptly after the conference in Hartford.
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
(507)
(215)
(612)
(972)
646-3636
895-1550
330-1644
860-4191
The success of the museum depends on membership support.
I hope we can count on you!
GOT NEWS?
Have you received an award, been
interviewed by the media, moved
into new office space, retired,
accepted a new job, received a
promotion, received accreditation for
your department, or anything else
that might interest other IACLEA
members?
We want to hear about it
and tell your colleagues
about it.
Mail the information (and photos)
to: Karen E. Breseman, Managing
Editor, Campus Law Enforcement
Journal, IACLEA, 342 North Main
Street, West Hartford, CT 061172507 or email to
[email protected]
American Leadership Principles in an
Age of Corruption
By Vincent Bove, CPP
According to the Federal Bureau of Investigations Web site, “Public Corruption
is one of the FBI’s top investigative priorities—behind only terrorism, espionage
and cyber crimes because American democracy and national security depend on
a healthy, efficient and ethical government. Public corruption can impact everything from how well our borders are
secured and our neighborhoods
protected…to verdicts handed down in
the courts of law…to the quality of our
roads and schools.”
In addressing this grave crisis of corruption, the FBI stated in its Strategic Plan
for 2004-2009 that “in almost every case,
greed is the principal motivating factor in
public corruption. This is a significant concern for as government funding expands
to increase security at the borders, criminal enterprises will expand their recruitment efforts of public and law enforcement officials to bypass the increased
security.” The FBI continues its strategic
plan with an objective of reducing law
enforcement corruption within the United
States to increase our country’s public and
national security. Another objective is to
reduce public corruption in the country’s
federal, state and local governments as
well as in the judicial system to increase
public confidence in America’s government institutions.
Unfortunately, in the midst of this
noble goal of the FBI are the continuous
scandalous headlines of public corruption
which make the FBI’s plan so critical to
the health of America. On January 3, 2006
lobbyist Jack Abramoff pleaded guilty to
Another objective is to reduce public
corruption in the country’s federal, state
and local governments as well as in the
judicial system to increase public confidence
in America’s government institutions.
federal charges of conspiracy, tax evasion and mail fraud, agreeing to fully cooperate in an influence peddling investigation that threatens powerful members
of the U.S. Congress.
Abramoff agreed with U.S. District
Court Judge Ellen Havelle when she said
that he engaged in a conspiracy involving “corruption of public officials” as well
as a scheme to provide campaign contributions, trips and other items “in exchange
for certain official acts.” According to the
initial Associated Press report, the plea
agreement will recommend a sentence
of 9½ to 11 years provided that Abramoff
cooperates with federal prosecutors in a
wide-ranging corruption investigation
which is believed to be focused on as
many as 20 members of Congress and
their aides.
Almost as simultaneous as a Swiss mastered timepiece to these headlines of
public corruption were headlines graphically depicting the continuous corruption
scandals within the American private sector. On December 29, 2005, former Enron
accounting chief Richard Causey’s guilty
plea to securities fraud for his role in the
devastating financial scandal that drove
the energy titan into bankruptcy in 2001
was being hailed as a big win for the government in their case against other former
top executives at Enron. Prosecutors said
that Causey pleaded guilty to one count
of securities fraud and could get 7 years
in prison under the plea deal. Greed expressed through these contemptuous
corrupt activities is damaging not only to
American infrastructure but literally destroys the lives of American people. The
Enron bankruptcy, once the nation’s 7th
largest company, cost 4,000 employees
their jobs and life savings and led to billions of dollars in losses for investors. Tragically and with grave consequences to
society, there is a legion in American leadership positions in both the public and
private sector where a lack of character
is subservient to greed. The price of leadership in American politics and business
must be character and never purchased
for the highest bid.
Aside from the FBI’s concern with public corruption, the White House has a
Corporate Fraud Task Force and pursues
an aggressive agenda to fight corporate
corruption by:
• Exposing and punishing acts of corruption
• Holding corporate officers and directors accountable
• Protecting small investors, pension
holders and workers
• Moving corporate accounting out of
the shadows
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 21
American Leadership Principles in an Age of Corruption
As a response to the current culture of
corruption, time tested leadership skills will
transform America to its rightful destiny.
• Developing a stronger, more independent auditing system
• Providing better information to investors
Complimenting the agenda of the
Task Force is the White House’s “Ten
Point Plan” which includes that investors should have prompt access to critical information, CEOs should personally
vouch for the veracity of company disclosures, company officers who abuse
power lose leadership positions and investors must be assured of the complete
integrity of company auditors.
Principles of Leadership
corruption, time tested leadership skills
will transform America to its rightful
destiny.
Leadership must have the courage and conviction to inflame the
sentiments of a company, community and country. Thomas Jefferson
dared to speak for all Americans when
he wrote that Parliament had no authority whatsoever over Americans, who
were only “subject to the laws which
they had adopted at their first settlement” and laws accepted by their own
legislatures. In his bold conviction,
Jefferson no longer petitioned the King
of England as his subject or even as an
Englishman and he spoke of England
as a foreign country. He called for
Americans to make resistance to the
British “exert their rightful powers to
reestablish their constitutional rights.”
Jefferson encouraged a boycott of British goods and referred to the colonies
as states. Although aware that his writings would be considered treason pun-
ishable by hanging, Jefferson inflamed the
hearts of patriots with his passion against
the corrupt British king.1
Leadership must accept the diversity and talents of the team and forge
partnerships, cohesion and significance to a cause. The most prominent
political leaders in early America were
John Adams, Aaron Burr, Benjamin
Franklin, Alexander Hamilton, Thomas
Jefferson, James Madison and George
Washington. This was a collective enterprise of diverse personalities, talents and
styles, which resulted in a dynamic balance despite mutual imperfections (particularly with the Burr/Hamilton duel)
because of their conviction in a common
cause. They knew each other personally,
broke bread together, attended meetings
corruption, time tested leadership skills will
transform America to its rightful destiny.
together and corresponded with one another. Living for posterity and awareness
that they were involved in events of historical significance motivated them.2
Leadership must be grounded in
moral self-confidence developed by
understanding through study, hard
work and education. Abraham Lincoln
developed rare powers of concentration
he would use throughout his life. He developed his confidence by digging into
books for what he wanted. His powers of
understanding what was being communicated encouraged his self-confidence
but he was willing to pay the price through
a lifetime of study, reflection and concentration.3
Leadership must be built on foundations of training, discipline, preparation and trust in the team. Prior to
the June 6, 1944 D-Day invasion, the
101st Airborne, the 82nd Airborne and the
4th Infantry Division made up the VII
Corps with the objective of taking Utah
Beach. The 101st was to seize the roads
through an intricate, tricky and dangerous night drop. So for twenty-two months
prior to D-Day, training was continuous.
The men were hardened as physically as
was possible for human beings to be,
even more so then professional boxers
or football players. They were disciplined,
prepared to carry out orders instantly and
unquestionably and were experts in many
disciplines. They could operate radios,
knew a variety of hand signals, could recognize smoke signals and were skilled in
tactics. Each man knew his duties and responsibilities and was prepared to assume
the leader’s duties if necessary. They could
sleep in a field, in a fox hole, march all
day and all night. They knew and trusted
each other with their lives.4
Leadership is only authentic when
courage and character is its foundation. The battle of Iwo Jima was
America’s most heroic battle, which
IACLEA Virtual Exhibition Center
Is Open for Business
24 Hours a Day • 7 Days a Week
Leadership must have the courage and
conviction to inflame the sentiments of a
company, community and country.
www.iaclea.org
American Leadership Principles in an Age of Corruption
Leadership must be expressed in the sincere
concern for others and the charisma to be in
touch and circulate.
clamed 25,851 U.S. casualties, including
nearly 7,000 dead over almost 36 days.
More medals for valor were awarded for
action on Iwo Jima than in any battle in
the history of the United States. The Marines were awarded 84 Medals of Honor
in World War II, that is, 22 per year average for four years, about two per month.
But in just one month of fighting on the
island of Iwo Jima, they were awarded
27 Medals of Honor, one-third of their four
year total.5 As forever memorialized on
the Washington, D.C. Iwo Jima memorial, “Uncommon Valor was a Common
Virtue.”
Leadership must be expressed in
the sincere concern for others and
the charisma to be in touch and circulate. Although Winston Churchill could
match wits with the most brilliant of
minds, he was an intensely human man
and comfortable with casual social contact with individuals within every level of
society and the military. Churchill was able
to interact with individuals in the trenches
and the streets, listen to concerns and
suggestions, improve the work environment, lunch with colleagues and subordinates and allow his work to flow
seamlessly into the rest of his life.6
Leadership builds hope and confidence. Winston Churchill’s words were
able to motivate and inspire England while
they were also able to sting the heart of
the enemy. Consider his words broadcast
on the BBC on June 18, 1940, just a few
hours after hearing the devastating news
that the French had capitulated: “The
news from France is very bad and I grieve
for the gallant French people who have
fallen into this terrible misfortune…What
has happened in France makes no difference to our faith and purpose. We have
become the sole champions now in arms
Leadership builds hope and confidence.
to defend the world cause. We shall do
our best to be worthy of this high
honor…we shall fight on unconquerable
until the curse of Hitler is lifted from the
brows of men. We are sure that in the
end all will be well.”
About the Author
Vincent Bove, CPP is Client Development Manager for Summit Security
Services and a national authority on
leadership training and development
with proclamations from the United
States Senate and Congress. Contact him
at www.vincentbove.com.
Notes
1. Thomas Jefferson, A Life, Willard Sterne
Randall, p. 209-210.
2. Founding Brothers, Joseph J. Ellis, p. 17-19.
3. Lincoln’s Virtues, William Lee Miller,
p. 53.
4. Band of Brothers, Stephen E. Ambrose,
p. 56-61.
5. Flags of Our Fathers, James Bradley, p. 10.
6. We Shall Not Fail, The Inspiring Leadership of
Winston Churchill, Celia Sandys, p. 110-118.
7. We Shall Not Fail, p. 178.
Information
You Can Use!
All IACLEA members now
have access to a searchable resource database
that includes publications,
previously published
Campus Law Enforcement Journal articles,
and links to other helpful
Web sites. Check it out in
the Members Only area of
the IACLEA Web site.
www.iaclea.org
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 23
Campus Safety and Security Is Our Business . . .
Let Us Help You Improve Your Institution’s Effectiveness
IACLEA can help you through our Loaned Executive Management Assistance Program (LEMAP) by providing quick, quality
reviews of your institution’s Department of Public Safety and Security.
LEMAP provides assistance in improving the administration, management and/or operations of the agency and may aid in implementing improved practices and techniques. This unique program
utilizes the talents and resources of executives from campus public safety and security departments who serve as consultants.
L
E
M
A
P
A Team of Professionals
The International Association of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators will supply a team of three professionals to spend
three days on your campus reviewing all aspects of your public
safety/security and/or police departments.
LEMAP is a program
sponsored by the
International Association
of Campus Law
Ability to Recognize and Solve Existing Problems
Our standard LEMAP departmental review examines 20 separate areas, but we are flexible to limit or expand the areas reviewed based on your institution’s needs.
Enforcement
Administrators (IACLEA)
for the purpose of providing
management consultation
A Reputation for Good Judgment,
Hard Work and Integrity
Let IACLEA help you. Our members are the experts in campus
public safety and security.
and technical assistance to
association members
and non-member campuses.
For More Information on the Program
Contact Tessa Wilusz O’Sullivan at the IACLEA Headquarters,
(860) 586-7517 Ext. 521 or by email at [email protected].
To discuss the scope of your review, contact our LEMAP
Coordinator, Fred Behr, directly at (507) 646-3636 or
email at [email protected].
LEMAP is a service of
Law Enforcement Involvement in the Community
Planning Process
By Randy Gonzalez, Ph.D.
As communities continue to confront the
problems of growth while attempting to
provide quality services to meet increasing demands, it becomes more imperative that we evaluate our attitudes toward
community design, organization and planning.
There appears a lack of understanding and confusion as to what is meant by
planning, especially the phrase: environmental security planning, its management
or its processes, particularly when the
average citizen seeks a change in zoning
or land use designation. A brief encounter with all the various levels of government, which may process a petitioner’s
request and recommend final approval
or disapproval, is often enough to invoke
verbiage of an obscene nature.
Planning a community’s growth and
development has all too often been left
to a small group of professionals or seemingly academic types, who may or may
not have an understanding of what the
public wants or desires. Public officials,
who may have good intentions, sometimes have a vague idea of what planning entails, and sometimes do not encourage or solicit advice from other levels of government within the same community.
By the nature of their work, police officers
are decision makers. More often than not,
these decisions are made within the span of
seconds or minutes.
In the next twenty years, the planning
process will be even more critical. More
and more citizens will find themselves
involved with local and regional planning
boards, agencies or commissions. They
will find themselves involved out of a
personal concern for the future health,
safety or welfare of their community, or
because their neighborhoods are threatened by population density, traffic, or
other related problems.
With changes in population density,
expansion of communities, traffic congestion, commercial development of one
form or another, and demands for governmental services, the potential for criminal activity becomes a serious added factor. This requires the active involvement
in the local planning process that goes
beyond the usual programs of the typical
police crime prevention unit.
In planning the future growth of a
community, local officials should rely more
on their law enforcement agencies for
professional input into the growth management process. The police, then, should
come to view their involvement in a
community’s development as one of environmental security consultants in the
aspects pertaining to public safety.
The Police as Environmental
Security Planners
The police spend much time patrolling
the community through various deployment means. Emphasis is usually placed
on prevention through visibility, whether
by foot patrol or by vehicle. In the process, the police come to know significant
As communities continue to confront the
problems of growth while attempting to
provide quality services to meet increasing
demands, it becomes more imperative that
we evaluate our attitudes toward
community design, organization and
planning.
aspects about a city or community. For
example, they know where the serious
danger spots are located, the crowded
neighborhoods, high traffic areas, and
other factors that should be considered in
the planning process. Furthermore, the
police are aware that new housing developments will create demands for additional safety and security services. Manpower allocations, response times, and
other related services become important
areas of concern in the growth process.
In short, without lengthy discussion on all
the various roles that police play in the
community, they are the primary daily
contact between the citizens and the
public. Therefore, the police are in an
excellent position to know and understand
the feelings of the public.
By the nature of their work, police officers are decision makers. More often
than not, these decisions are made within
the span of seconds or minutes. Yet the
police officer must be prepared to make
critical judgments based on training, education, and experience and then to take
appropriate action. This ability adds to the
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 25
Law Enforcement Involvement in the Community Planning Process
As a governmental function, planning
presents a difficulty in the sense that there is
not a clear concept of its proper role in
relation to the community served.
role the police must play in a difficult
society in which he/she must clearly understand complicated social issues in order to be effective and efficient.
The police realize perhaps more than
others in local government that environmental security planning can influence
criminal behavior and behavior in general in at least two ways. Through proper
crime control planning, physical attributes
and design of particular settings establish
an environment to which people respond
as individuals. Secondly, people respond
socially, and establish social relationships.
Noise, pollution and overcrowding are
some examples of physical characteristics that may enhance negative behavior.
Such things as alienation, dehumanization
and anxiety are examples of social characteristics that may promote negative
social relationship.1 The way in which the
urban environment is designed determines the rate and type of criminal activity. And yet, public officials in many cities have been slow to recognize that crime
prevention is an integral part of urban
planning.2
Law enforcement professionals have
long recognized that certain physical factors can contribute to the nature of criminality. Environmental security planning
involves programs of corrective prevention directed at understanding and eliminating causes of crime before they can
occur. Planning and design strategies assist the police in their interaction with the
public when based on sound security and
safety concepts. Environmental security
planning promotes the concept of “defensible space” among members of the
public, which leads the public to share
social responsibilities and improve the
quality of the setting, rather than surrender their freedom to others.3
The law enforcement agency has an
opportunity to make a significant contribution to the planning process in the local community. Experienced officers can
identify high-risk neighborhoods by making note of potential crime targets. They
can identify areas of poor lighting, places
of concealment, the inaccessibility of police patrol, and other related problems.
Through the development of this information, the law enforcement agency can
contribute to the planning process to help
reduce both crime and the fear of crime.
The expertise provided by the police can
assist in the design of new residential,
recreational, industrial, commercial and
open space development.
In view of the need to ensure the
welfare, safety and security of the community and to provide adequate and effiContinued on page 27
One of the beginning tasks of the planning
commission whose members may be citizens
appointed from the community by the local
government is to develop the master plan
for its jurisdictional area.
cient police services, every local government should establish the organizational
and procedural processes by which the
police participate in the planning process.
The Planning Process —
An Overview
When the word planning is mentioned,
people have an assortment of mental
images. Some think of the preservation
of natural resources while others think of
housing programs. Those in the business
community may think of market potentials or plant expansion. Still others may
regard the term as an intrusion by the
government into their private lives. Planning has different meanings to different
people.4
As a governmental function, planning
presents a difficulty in the sense that there
is not a clear concept of its proper role in
relation to the community served. This
creates a problem when it comes to organizing the environment and responding to community development. The
object of planning should be to further
the welfare of the citizens in the community by creating a positive, healthy, efficient and attractive environment.5 All features of a community, the physical and
the social, are related and interdependent.
These must be balanced by skilled foresight and planned administrative coordination.
Planning defines a process that gives
consideration to urban needs regarding
land use, public facilities and services,
capital improvements and financing, and
inter-governmental coordination of planning activities. Planning can also be
viewed as the active effort of organizing
human activities to better serve human
needs. It is a process that, through proper
administrative direction, brings together
various components of the community
by greater integration into a more coherent and efficient framework. People involved in planning must consider the
physical environment as a whole, and the
way in which people perceive and make
use of each part of the environment.6
The governmental power to control
land use, and thereby exercise influence
over growth and development, is one of
the most significant powers vested to
government. Through proper judgment
and decision making, the exercise of this
kind of power can be one of the best
resources for creating a better community. However, abuse of the planning process by means of political reward to special interests, or for the purpose of monetary gain and increase of power, can have
devastating effects on the community.
The principal aspect of all planning falls
upon the delegation of proper governmental responsibility and authority to the
appropriate agency. County and municipal governments become involved in the
planning process as a result of state legislation. It is important to realize that the
wording of the enabling legislation defines legally the framework that local governments follow with regard to planning.
As Herbert Smith in his excellent book
The Citizen’s Guide to Planning (1979)
points out:
From this point, we move to the
local scene. To get started in planning, the governing body must enact an ordinance establishing an
agency for planning (a planning
commission or planning board, depending on the terminology of each
state act) and setting forth its prescribed functions.7
One of the beginning tasks of the planning commission whose members may
be citizens appointed from the community by the local government is to develop the master plan for its jurisdictional
area. Usually the planning commission is
supported by a professional staff of planners and other administrative personnel
Every law enforcement agency should
become actively committed to the local
government planning process and work
with local planning commissions or boards
in areas of mutual interest.
in order to carry out the planning process. The organization and function of
planning commissions or boards may vary
from one community to another.
Each matter coming before the planning commission which eventually involves change to the overall plan of the
community should include informative
input by other agencies of the local government. At this level, the police agency
would have the opportunity to offer its
expertise regarding safety and security.
The police have an opportunity to become involved in another important dimension of local government: providing
technical assistance in areas concerning
the growth and expansion of the community they serve.
Police Involvement in Planning
Every law enforcement agency should
become actively committed to the local
government planning process and work
with local planning commissions or boards
in areas of mutual interest. Likewise, local government leadership should openly
Depending on the level of growth activity,
size of the community, personnel resources,
and other significant operational factors,
every police department should devote
some of its resources to planning.
encourage police participation in the community planning process.
Depending on the level of growth activity, size of the community, personnel
resources, and other significant operational factors, every police department
should devote some of its resources to
planning. It has been suggested by some
researchers that police agencies with seventy-five or more personnel should have
at least one person assigned full-time planning responsibilities.8 However in smaller
agencies, the need may still warrant a
planning unit. If the department’s operations are such that a full-time assignment
is not possible, then personnel with related duties should be assigned the planning responsibility.
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 27
Reach for the Gold Standard
Pursue IACLEA Accreditation
IACLEA is pleased to announce it now offers IACLEA Accreditation to college
and university law enforcement, security, and public safety departments.
IACLEA Accreditation constitutes recognition that a department conforms
to the highest professional standards for campus law enforcement and
protective services.
Benefits of IACLEA Accreditation
• Provides a professional benchmark for measuring
policies and practices
• Assures the university administration, the community
served, local law enforcement and institutional peers of
a high quality of service
• Ensures procedures are documented and staff is given
clear guidance
• Enhances the recruitment and retention of qualified staff
• Ensures that staff is trained and functions according to
established policy and procedure
• Strengthens an institution’s defense against complaints
and lawsuits
• Boosts institutional pride and employee morale
• Provides periodic, professional review of department
operations, administration, and services
How to Get Started
Departments should review their operations in relation to the applicable
standards manual. If IACLEA Accreditation seems attainable under these
standards, the Department submits an application for IACLEA Accreditation.
For more information on access to the IACLEA Accreditation application:
Go to www.iaclea.org
Click on Professional Development & Accreditation
Click on Accreditation
Click on Accreditation Application
Questions? Contact IACLEA Accreditation Coordinator
Jack Leonard at [email protected]
342 North Main Street | West Hartford, CT 06117-2507 | 860.586.7517
The main objective of police involvement in
community planning as environmental
security specialists is the reduction of
criminal opportunity.
The magnitude and complexity of task
assignments for a police planning unit or
a planning person should be carefully analyzed to determine the organization and
design of the planning unit. Important activities are the interface and cooperative
planning with non-criminal justice agencies, such as local planning commissions.9
In order for the police department to
meet the demands of a growing community and participate competently in the
planning process, local government must
allocate the necessary resources. The responsibility of local government to provide adequate levels of funding for the
police to become fully involved in all
phases of community physical planning,
including the assignment of qualified personnel, providing training, agency commitment and leadership support.
The main objective of police involvement in community planning as environmental security specialists is the reduction of criminal opportunity. This includes
the provision of law enforcement expertise to prevent and deter crime, establish
physical and psychological barriers to
criminal behavior and increase the probability of detection. There are several
other aspects that would fit within this
overall objective calling for increased
police assistance in the planning process.
Environmental security planning allows
the community to design streets, buildings, neighborhoods, parks, and commercial districts wherein safety and security
are key factors. Crime can be controlled
through such planning efforts and at the
same time communities can increase human contact of a positive nature. The future health, safety and welfare of local
Palma auto boot pu last page 26
communities demands greater consideration of the police professional in the
planning process.
Notes
1. C. Ray Jeffrey, Crime Prevention Through
Environmental Design (Beverly Hills: Sage
Publications, 1971), p. 215.
2. Ibid., p. 216.
3. Oscar Newman, Architectural Design for Crime
Prevention (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1971), p. 1.
4. Herbert Smith, The Citizens Guide to Planning (Chicago: The American Planning
Association, 1979), p. 23.
5. Ibid., p. 27.
6. Ibid., p. 28.
7. Ibid., p. 29.
8. Charles Swanson and Leonard Territo, Police
Administration: Structures, Processes and
Behavior (New York: Macmillan Publishing, 1983), p. 389.
9. Ibid., p. 389.
About the Author
For 32 years, Randy Gonzalez has been
an active member of the criminal justice
community. He is a certified law enforcement instructor in criminal justice
general studies areas, legal studies, defensive tactics, police driving, firearms,
human diversity, first responder, interpersonal communication skills, as well
as ethics and professionalism. As a practitioner of the martial arts for over 30
years, Gonzalez also teaches personal
safety and self-defense courses. He is the
former director of a police academy and
managed law enforcement basic recruit
training, as well as career development
courses for in-service personnel.
Gonzalez serves as an adjunct professor
of criminology and public administration and has taught at the university,
college and adult-vocational levels for the
past 25 years. He holds B.A. and M.A.
degrees in Criminology, an M.P.A. in Public Administration, and a Ph.D. in Religious Studies. He has written and published a number of articles, training manuals, texts and related instructional materials on topics related to criminal justice,
the martial arts and religious studies.
Gonzalez is a member of several law enforcement organizations, professional associations and related criminal justice
groups. He continues to write, consult
and train in the field of criminology and
law enforcement.
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 29
More Protection for Our Protectors
By Craig W. Floyd, Chairman of the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund
WASHINGTON, D.C. — The recent fatal
shooting of Fairfax County (VA) Police
Detective Vicky O. Armel, 40, in a police
station parking lot is a shocking reminder
of the deadly dangers faced by all law
enforcement professionals every day on
our behalf. As with Detective Armel and
her colleague, Michael E. Garbarino, who
was critically wounded in the attack, a
police officer never knows when that lifethreatening moment may come, but they
know it could come on the very next call.
The statistics tell the story. According
to the FBI, there were 59,373 assaults
against law enforcement officers during
2004 (latest data available), resulting in
16,565 injuries. Ambush-style assaults, like
the one that cost Detective Armel her
life, occurred 189 times during 2004 and
have resulted in more than 400 names
being added to the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial in Washington,
D.C. throughout our nation’s history.
Disturbance calls tend to be the most
dangerous calls of all, resulting in 18,234
assaults against police officers in 2004,
nearly a third of the total. Next are attempting arrests (9,674); handling, transporting, custody of prisoners (7,748); traffic pursuits/stops (6,568); and investigating suspicious persons/circumstances
(5,532).
The numbers emphasize that for our
nation’s law enforcement professionals
there is no such thing as a “routine call.”
We, as a nation, are duty-bound to provide
our officers with every safety advantage
possible. That means better training, lesslethal weaponry, bullet-resistant vests, and
safer automobiles.
Craig Floyd, Chairman/
Executive Director, National
Law Enforcement Officers
Memorial Fund. Photo
courtesy of NLEOMF.
In 2005, 155 law enforcement officers
lost their lives protecting and serving our
nation; that averages out to one officer
killed somewhere in America nearly every other day. The numbers emphasize
that for our nation’s law enforcement professionals there is no such thing as a “routine call.” More attention tends to be focused on officers who are shot to death.
However, for the last eight consecutive
years, there have been more officers
killed in traffic-related incidents than were
killed by firearms. In fact, over the past
30 years, there has been a 40 percent
increase in the number of law enforcement officers killed in automobile crashes,
while the number of firearms-related
deaths has dropped by about that same
percentage.
We, as a nation, are duty-bound to provide our officers with every safety advantage possible. That means better training, less-lethal weaponry, bullet-resistant
vests, and safer automobiles. We are making advances. During the 1970s, an average of 236 law enforcement fatalities occurred each year, compared to 164 officers killed annually during the past decade
— a 30 percent drop. But, we should not
take the deaths of 164 of our protectors
for granted. More can and must be done
to keep our officers safe.
The week of May 14-20, 2006, was
National Police Week. It was a time to
honor the more than 800,000 sworn federal, state and local officers who put their
lives on the line for our safety and protection. It was also a time to rededicate
ourselves to ensuring that our officers
have the resources they need to do their
job effectively and safely.
More attention tends to be focused on
officers who are shot to death.
ficer Peter J. Berry and the grant staff.
Staff provided him with an overview of
the planning and training resources being developed under the grant. He was
very impressed by the model Campus
Emergency Operations Plan Guidelines
that were developed and took a copy
back to Washington, D.C. In discussing
the Incident Command System (ICS) training program, Whitney indicated that DHS
would consider authorizing two additional
permanent sites for the program. He
urged IACLEA to consider locating these
sites in high-threat areas, such as the Gulf
Coast region from Florida to Texas. Staff
reviewed the applications received for
regional ICS sites and has identified the
University of Central Florida and Rice
University as the best candidates for new
training sites.
Staff is developing a guide to
strengthen communications between campus public safety departments and emergency responders and will forward it to
the subcommittee soon for its review.
The amended contract with Louisiana
State University (LSU) calls for 75 courses,
15 of which have travel built in. The original grant called for 500 classes, 200 of
which had travel built in. The class was
suspended in the fall while LSU updated
the curriculum. IACLEA began registering
new classes on the Web site, beginning
February 1, 2006. Several new classes
have been registered. As of March 3, 3,894
persons had taken the WMD Awareness
Course.
Blake reported on the Lessons Learned
Listening Session (see article on page 9),
sponsored by IACLEA, the FBI and DHS
held on March 21-22, 2006, in Lake
Charles, Louisiana. McNeese State University was the host institution. McNeese
Police Chief David Benada was extremely
helpful to IACLEA in assisting with hotel
arrangements and logistical issues in Lake
Charles. A total of 12 Gulf Coast campus
public safety leaders attended the meeting and shared their experiences in dealing with Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. The
police chiefs at Oklahoma University and
Georgia Tech also attended and conducted presentations on the lessons
learned from a suicide bombing incident
at OU and a hot water bottle bomb inci-
dent at Georgia Tech. IACLEA has engaged the National Emergency Response
and Rescue Training Center (NERRTC),
Texas Engineering Extension Service
(TEEX) at Texas A&M University to prepare a Lessons Learned report that will
be distributed to campus public safety
departments, higher education associations, law enforcement associations, and
relevant government agencies. It will also
be posted on the Web site. President
Stevens, who attended the session, said
the presentations demonstrated the commitment and dedication of campus public safety departments in dealing with a
catastrophic event.
Staff and a crew from Kinetic Media
conducted a video shoot for IACLEA’s
homeland security video in Gainesville,
Staff is developing a guide to strengthen
communications between campus public
safety departments and emergency
responders and will forward it to the
subcommittee soon for its review.
Florida, on March 29, 2006. The video
shoot focused on the theme of campus
preparedness and IACLEA’s Threat and
Risk Assessment instrument. The crew
shot footage at two sites: Santa Fe Community College and the University of
Florida, both located in Gainesville. Santa
Fe Police Chief Daryl Johnston and University of Florida Police Chief Linda Stump
were very helpful in making their officers and facilities available to the IACLEA
video team. Taped interviews were done
with campus executives from both institutions who spoke about the importance
of campus preparedness. The final two
segments, which have yet to be filmed,
are a joint exercise with local law enforcement partners, and testimonials on
IACLEA’s grant planning and training tools
from leaders of other higher education
institutions. Staff is hoping to have a rough
cut of the video available at the Annual
Conference in Orlando, Florida.
IACLEA’s Threat and Risk Assessment
instrument will be the focus of a presentation at the IACLEA Northeast Corridor
Conference in Atlantic City, New Jersey,
on April 20, 2006, from 1:00 to 4:30 p.m.
The Conference is sponsored by IACLEA’s
Mid-Atlantic Region and the New Jersey
College and University Public Safety Association (NJCUPSA). Presenters are John
E. Guido, director of law enforcement
services at TEEX, and Daryl Johnston,
chief of police at Santa Fe Community
College.
The Domestic Preparedness Committee will sponsor an educational workshop
at the Annual Conference entitled, “Prepare for the Worst: Presenting IACLEA’s
Homeland Security Toolkit,” on Monday,
June 26, from 10:45 a.m. to 12:15 p.m.
Presenters will include DPC Chair Ken
Goodwin and the chairs of IACLEA subcommittees. The program will focus on
the planning and training resources that
are available to campus public safety departments under IACLEA’s grant, including the Threat and Risk Assessment instrument, WMD Awareness Class, Incident
Command System training, and Best Practices guides. Staff is working with the
chairs to develop a presentation outline
for the program.
Steve Rittereiser reported on the 2005
Executive Development Institute held at
Princeton University. It was another successful program. The committee has
transitioned to new leadership under its
chair, John King, who said he believes
the committee is moving in the right direction. The committee has requested direction from the Board regarding the
lengthening of the next Institute to 3.5
days and conducting a survey of members to determine important program topics and anticipated demand. The 2006
Executive Development Institute will
take place at Vanderbilt University in
Nashville, Tennessee, October 1-4. The
committee is looking for a site for the
2007 Institute in either the Mid-America
or Mountain Pacific region. Based on discussion, Rittereiser said his sense of the
Board is that it is comfortable with his giving King the direction to add instructors,
topics, and to lengthen the program.
Blake gave a progress report on the
study of campus public safety leaders’
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 31
professional needs. IACLEA commissioned this study in May 2005. Dr. Bruce
L. Benson of Michigan State University
designed the study to assist campus police chiefs and public safety and security
directors in examining job frustrations,
positive and negative aspects of their jobs,
personal impacts, and possible improvements. The study was conducted via an
online survey available to U.S. campus
public safety directors and chiefs from
November 28 through December 15,
2005. IACLEA promoted the survey
through e-blast messages sent along with
the survey link on three separate occasions. IACLEA received a total of 400 responses from more than 900 campus
public safety leaders. This is a strong re-
sponse rate. Dr. Benson hopes to complete his analysis of the data soon. Survey results will be disseminated to IACLEA
members in two ways: through an educational workshop at the Annual Conference on June 25, 1:30 to 3:00 p.m. and
through a detailed article to be published
in the September/October issue of the
Campus Law Enforcement Journal. President Elect Steven Healy asked whether
the study relates to the work of the
Wellness Task Force. Priscilla Stevens said
it does relate to the Task Force and the
results will be shared with that group.
Steven Healy reported on efforts to
recruit a Fellow for the U.S. Department
of Justice grant awarded to IACLEA to develop strategic and business plans to cre-
ate a National Center for Campus Public
Safety. The position was posted on the
IACLEA Web site and 47 applications
were received. The selection committee
has narrowed the field to three candidates
who will be interviewed for the position.
The candidate will be selected by the
Annual Conference. The position pays
$50,000 and is a one-year, part-time position.
A motion was approved to change the
name of the Accreditation Committee to
the Accreditation Commission. Following
discussion, Priscilla Stevens said she would
follow up with the commission leadership regarding concerns expressed by the
Board about the proposed process for
electing commission leaders, which is inconsistent with the way other IACLEA
committees are set up, and the need to
require that the Accreditation Commission
be chaired by an IACLEA member since
this is an IACLEA program.
A motion was approved to amend the
Financial Policy on Check Writing Authority to authorize the Chief Staff Officer to
sign checks for reimbursements from
grant funds, provided the check is under
$1,000. This will streamline processes for
grant reimbursements to IACLEA instructors.
A motion was approved to establish a
Cash Management Policy to ensure timely
payment of expenses and to maximize
investment income.
Lisa Sprague noted that the Audit Reports of IACLEA for the 2004-2005 fiscal
year and for the federal grant are now
posted on the Web site and an email announcement will be sent out. Recommendations made by the Auditors have been
addressed.
A motion was approved to establish a
Policy on Capitalization of Fixed Assets
for property acquired through the grant.
Blake presented the final report on
behalf of the subcommittee’s co-chairs,
Noel C. March of the University of Maine
in Orono and Keith A. Gehrand of Illinois
State University. The report outlines the
major deliverables of the subcommittee
under IACLEA’s homeland security grant.
The major deliverables are a model Campus Emergency Operations Plan Guideline and a comprehensive research document that features Web site links to a variety of counter-terrorism planning and
training resources. The subcommittee
worked with the staff to conduct extensive research on campus-specific counterterrorism plans and best practices and
received samples of such resources from
a number of member institutions. The
subcommittee conducted a workshop last
August in Chicago to hear presentations
from subject matter experts on campus
emergency planning. These materials will
be available on the Web site as a resource
for campus public safety departments.
Blake also noted that staff prepared a CD
with all of the materials produced by both
the Best Practices and Strategic Planning
subcommittees.
A motion was approved to accept the
Executive Summary and Final Report of
the Domestic Preparedness Committee’s
Best Practices Subcommittee.
Chris Blake presented the Final Report
of the Domestic Preparedness
Committee’s Strategic Planning Subcommittee on behalf of co-chairs Thomas P.
Carey of Bates College in Lewiston, Maine,
and Paul F. Glowacki of St. Mary’s University in San Antonio, Texas. This subcommittee was very active. It sponsored
a workshop March 1-3, 2005, at George
Washington University and invited subject matter experts to give presentations
on current and future WMD/campus preparedness training needs. The subcommittee also worked with staff to disseminate an online survey to determine current and future training needs. The subcommittee also sponsored a focus group
meeting in Washington, D.C. on September 8-9, 2006 to gain more in-depth insights into training issues from a representative cross-section of eight campus
public safety officials. The subcommittee’s
major deliverables are a Strategic Vision
for WMD/All Hazards Campus Preparedness Training and a detailed spreadsheet
of WMD training opportunities, which will
be posted on the Web site.
Blake said he wished to call to the
Board’s attention the recommendation
that the Board establish strategic planning
as a permanent subcommittee. This recommendation was approved by the subcommittee and the DPC to allow the subcommittee to continue its work in identifying future trends in counter-terrorism
training and holding workshops, if needed,
and to invite subject matter experts to
provide guidance on future training needs
and issues. Blake said funds are allocated
in the revised budget submitted to the
federal government to continue this work.
A motion was made by Robert Bratten
and seconded by Dave Worden to approve the Executive Summary and Final
Report of the Domestic Preparedness
Committee’s Strategic Planning Subcommittee. An amendment to the motion was
proposed by Bratten, and seconded by
Worden, to accept the final report and to
refer the recommendation regarding establishment of a permanent Strategic Plan-
ning Subcommittee to the DPC and to
direct the DPC to report to the president
on the future of the subcommittee before action is taken. The amended motion was approved.
Steven Healy gave an update on the
50th Anniversary Corporate Partnership
Campaign. The campaign will be officially
launched at the 2007 Annual Conference
in Las Vegas and will conclude at the 50th
Anniversary Conference in 2008 in Hartford, Connecticut. He said 50th Anniversary Committee Chair Dolores Stafford
prepared a report on its initiatives. Healy
reviewed the Media and Conference Displays portion of the report. Plans call for
a display at the 2008 Conference that
looks back on the history of IACLEA. Healy
noted that an advertisement was placed
in the January/February 2006 edition of
the Campus Law Enforcement Journal
calling on members to donate items for a
50th Anniversary IACLEA mini-museum.
The committee has set up a fundraising
subcommittee. Two corporations have
agreed to be sponsors. A proposed agreement with iXP Corporation was distributed to the Board for review.
Lisa Sprague asked what was the total
budget for the 50th Anniversary Campaign. Steven Healy said his target is to
raise $300,000 in corporate contributions.
While this may seem high, it must be kept
in mind that IACLEA is not going to be
pursuing conference sponsorships for the
next three years.
Steven Healy invited staff member
Pamela Hayes to report on another potential corporate sponsorship opportunity. Hayes said that IACLEA has been
working for years to pursue a corporate
sponsorship with Anheuser Busch.
The Board adjourned the meeting at
4:45 p.m.
President Priscilla Stevens called the
meeting to order at 8:05 a.m. and turned
the meeting over to Steven Healy to introduce a guest, Michele Minter, director
of development at Princeton University,
for a special presentation on the elements
of a successful fundraising campaign.
L. Sprague provided the budget comparison summary for the six months endContinued on page 34
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 33
ing February 28, 2006, to the Board.
There were no questions.
Chris Blake reviewed the highlights of
the Membership Development report prepared by Association Administrator Anna
Cierocki. As of February 28, IACLEA has
1,755 members. The staff has made
progress in reducing the number of delinquent institutional dues payers. Blake
distributed a report indicating that IACLEA
now has 79 delinquent institutional members, and a number of these have either
made partial dues payments or have indicated their intention to send in their
dues. Blake thanked the regional directors who made phone calls to delinquent
institutional members. He asked the directors to review the list and consider following up with any members they know.
Committee Reports
LEMAP
Peter Berry noted the update on the
Loaned Executive Management Assistance Program (LEMAP) prepared by
LEMAP Manager Tessa O’Sullivan is included in the Board materials.
A motion was made by Phil Johnson
and seconded by Kenneth Willett to require LEMAP assessors to sign a non-disclosure agreement. An amendment was
made by Steven Healy and seconded by
Ray Thrower to send this recommendation to the LEMAP Committee to evaluate the necessity of non-disclosure agreements for assessors and report to the Board
at its June meeting at the Annual Conference. Johnson withdrew his original motion and Willett withdrew his second. The
amended motion was approved.
A motion by Phil Johnson and seconded
by Dave Worden was approved to grant
Honorary Membership to John Carpenter
and Oliver J. Clark.
Staff is working on recruiting a new
Washington, D.C. representative. One of
the issues facing the committee is that
the 50 states are all considering different
legislation concerning campus safety, and
PU for MITI
pu last issue page 35
IACLEA must figure out a way to identify
relevant legislation for possible positions
on the state level. State issues will not be
addressed by the new D.C. representative.
Phil Johnson noted that the federal
government recently approved death
benefits for the family of slain Butler University Police Officer James Davis. This is
the first time the federal government has
approved the death benefit to be paid to
the family of an officer at a private university. The chief at Butler, David Selby,
is very grateful for IACLEA’s support of
their request for death benefits for Officer Davis’s family.
Jasper Cooke asked about the status
of IACLEA members’ involvement in Clery
Act training to develop them to present
Clery Act Seminars under a federal grant
to Security on Campus. Steven Healy said
he and Dolores Stafford and Bill Taylor
have been involved in the curriculum
development for the training program and
four IACLEA members will be involved
as trainers. Training will take place in May
in Washington, D.C.
A motion was approved to direct the
Government Relations Committee to proceed with its proposal to explore working with the National Fire Academy to
promote H.R. 128. The motion was approved. Robert Bratten abstained.
A motion was made by Kenneth Willett
and seconded by Lisa Sprague to recommend that the Government Relations
Committee take no further action at this
time on H.R. 824 and S. 408. A motion to
table was made by Ray Thrower and seconded by Paul Ominsky. The motion to
table was approved. Robert Bratten abstained.
Dave Worden said the Law Enforcement Torch Run Committee placed information on this year’s Torch Run at the
Conference into the Annual Conference
Brochure. Worden said he has had discussions with the Chair, Lisa Walter, that
this should not be an IACLEA Committee,
but rather a group of volunteers who coordinate IACLEA’s Torch Run with the
Conference host each year. Walter was
receptive to this idea. A motion was approved to drop the Law Enforcement
Board Meeting Highlights •
April 7-8, 2006
President’s Message
Torch Run Committee as an IACLEA Committee with the understanding that
IACLEA volunteers will continue to work
with the conference host to coordinate
the Law Enforcement Torch Run during
IACLEA’s Annual Conference.
Dave Worden reported that the TwoYear Institutions Committee has new
leadership with a co-chair arrangement.
Co-chairs are J.R. Grijalva and Julee Cope.
They are working with staff to recruit new
members are looking for some tools to
help them recruit.
Priscilla Stevens said the Wellness Task
Force is awaiting the results of the Bruce
Benson study on professional stress. The
original chair has resigned and Stevens is
trying to recruit a new chair.
Dave Worden reported that the
Awards and Recognition Committee
Chair, Melvin Murdock, has restructured
the committee. Two new members have
been appointed and there is now representation from all regions. A total of 31
award nominations were received. The
Award of Valor will be presented to the
family of the University of Central Florida
officer killed last fall in the line of duty. A
short video clip will be played during the
awards ceremony. A total of 37 scholarship applications have been received;
this is a significant improvement over last
year. The winners will be selected on
April 10. Jasper Cooke suggested that
Chair Melvin Murdock send a note to the
list serv indicating the number of applications received and thanking members
for their participation.
Steven Healy asked Board members
to review the minutes of the Inter-Association Task Force on Alcohol and Other
Substance Abuse Issues, on which IACLEA
is represented by Bob Holt. He asked Board
members to identify any items in the minutes that might require Board action and
these will be brought before the Board.
Healy asked that IACLEA prepare a
plaque to be hung on the wall near the
entrance in Galls headquarters expressing its appreciation to Galls for hosting
the meeting and for its support of IACLEA.
Stevens directed the staff to follow up
and it was suggested to present the plaque
to Galls at the Annual Conference.
office in advancing Public Safety on our
college/university campuses.
Much appreciation goes to the Director of the COPS office Carl Peed for his
support and to our continuing working
relationship with Cynthia Pappas PPSE COPS Office U.S. Department of Justice.
IACLEA has also developed a funding
source to support the hiring of a DC representative to represent IACLEA in Washington, D.C. The individual will work with
the U. S. Congress, executive branch agencies, and state and local governments to
address issues that impact campus public
safety agencies and their institutions. The
D.C. representative will also interact extensively with national law enforcement
and higher education associations on issues
of mutual concern. The committee is in
the final stages of reviewing resumes for
this position and will announce the new
person at the June conference in Orlando.
IACLEA has launched an Accreditation
program through a COPS grant to provide IACLEA recognition that a campus
public safety department conforms to the
highest international professional standards
for campus law enforcement and protective services. This is yet another extraordinary opportunity for IACLEA. More details
will be discussed by Dolores Stafford and
Jack Leonard at the conference.
IACLEA Programs and Services
The 2006 Annual Conference, June
24-27 in Orlando, Florida, features a variety of educational and professional development programs, special events, Exhibit Hall showcasing products and services
for campus public safety agencies, and other
activities. Register now on the IACLEA Web
site at www.iaclea.org Thank you, Pam
Hayes for coordinating the exhibit hall
and also Carol Ewing for coordinating with
host Valencia Community College.
IACLEA Web Site and List Servs.
IACLEA’s Web site contains a wealth of
useful information and resources for campus public safety leaders. Through
IACLEA’s members-only list servs, members can share information and exchange
ideas on common issues and problems
they face. Many thanks to Chris Blake for
his continued improvements with the Web
service and to Anna Cieroki for keeping
the list servs up to date.
Campus Law Enforcement Journal. Informative and in-depth articles on
current issues and trends in the campus
public safety profession in the CLEJ,
IACLEA’s magazine mailed free to members six times a year. Karen Breseman,
thank you for your continued support, encouragement and efforts in coordinating the
CLEJ so that it continues to be an outstanding publication.
Clery Act. Timely updates and workshops on Clery Act requirements and compliance issues.
LEMAP. Finally, management consulting services through the Loaned Executive Management Assistance Program,
which has been done internationally. The
more we get our international colleagues
trained, the better opportunities for
LEMAP will exist. Tessa O’Sullivan has
done tremendous work since the beginning of this program as well as past chair
John Carpenter and current chair Fred
Behr: thank you all for a job well done.
April has been quite busy. I had the
honor and privilege to attend the California College and University Police Chiefs
Association and Mountain Pacific Region
meeting, the New Jersey College and University Public Safety Association and MidAtlantic Region meeting as well as the
Association of University Chief Security
Officers from the United Kingdom. These
meetings were all an extraordinary opportunity to listen to and learn from other
areas of the United States and international communities. OJ Clark, Past President of IACLEA and retired Chief of University of Illinois Urbana/Champaign was
also present to discuss the ICS training at
the CCUPCA and Mid-America meeting.
At the last board meeting, held in Lexington, Kentucky and sponsored by
GALLS, we had our initial planning session, preparing for the future, preparing
to move into a new era and encouraging
participation in our programming from a
variety of people resources.
Working together, moving forward
IACLEA will no doubt continue to be an
indispensable resource for standards, services, innovative professional development and networking to the members as
well as to parents, students, the media,
and others.
MAY/JUNE 2006 / 35
Association News
IACLEA Mountain Pacific
Regional Director
By Steve Rittereiser
Thank you to the Mountain Pacific Region
Members for your overwhelming participation in the process of electing our new regional director. All election ballots received
by May 15, 2006 were tabulated and Laura
Wilson, Chief of Police at Stanford University, has been elected as your new representative. Congratulations to Chief Wilson!
Thanks again to all of you that participated in the process including the Regional
Leadership Development Committee: Joan
Saylor, University of Oregon (Committee
Chair), Sean Kennedy, California Baptist
University, Todd Renwick, University of
Nevada-Reno, Stephen Chatterton, Idaho
State University and John Carpenter, San
Diego State University. And additional
thanks to Karen Breseman, IACLEA Staff,
and Christopher Blake, IACLEA Associate
Director.
Each year the IACLEA Professional Development Committee solicits IACLEA
members and colleagues to make presentations on successful or innovative programs they would like to share with our members at our Annual
Conference. We invite you to submit a proposal for the 2007 Annual
Conference. The deadline for submitting is October 2, 2006, so please
consider this opportunity and get your proposal submitted soon.
The 2007 Call for Proposals is now online, http://www.iaclea.org/visitors/
events/2007CallforProposals.cfm and electronic submission of proposals
is encouraged.
Nominations for IACLEA Annual Awards Now Being Accepted
Each year at the Annual Conference,
IACLEA recognizes outstanding contributions by its members to the campus law
enforcement/public safety/security profession with the presentation of the
Award for Valor, Award for Merit and
Award for Administrative Excellence.
Nominations for the 2007 awards are now
being accepted for employees of IACLEA
institutional member campus public
safety, police, or security departments.
Award for Valor
This award is presented for an act or acts
involving personal risk while acting on
behalf of the college/university/campus
or members of the college/university/
campus. Nominations will be accepted
February 1, 2006 - January 31, 2007 for
incidents that happened during that time.
Nominations will also be accepted if the
law enforcement chief/director stipulates
that the matter was under investigation,
and that a prior submission would have
compromised such investigation. Under
these circumstances, you may submit the
nomination in the award review year in
which the investigation concludes.
The Award for Merit
This award will be presented to the campus officer who each day displays professionalism and excellence in performing his/her duties or whose actions and
attitude bring credit to the campus law
enforcement community.
The Award for Administrative
Excellence
This award is presented for outstanding
service in areas such as policy and planning, investigations and/or crime prevention. New and innovative ideas, cost savings, enhanced administrative techniques,
and management ideas are some of the
elements that will be considered for award
selection.
Each Award winner receives a commemorative gift and is recognized at the
Annual Conference. The winner’s photograph and details of their award are published in the July/August Campus Law
Enforcement Journal and are posted on
the IACLEA Web site. Two nights’ hotel
and transportation expenses for one person to the Annual Conference for Award
for Valor winner are paid by IACLEA.
Nominations will be accepted February 1, 2006 - January 31, 2007 for awards
to be presented June 2007 in Las Vegas,
Nevada. Recipients will be notified in April
2007.
For more information and nomination
forms, visit the Awards page in the Member Resources area of the IACLEA Web
site: www.iaclea.org. If you have questions about these awards and/or eligibility, please contact Karen E. Breseman,
[email protected].
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MAY/JUNE 2006 / 39
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U.S. POSTAGE
PAID
TUCSON, AZ
PERMIT NO. 541
International Association
of Campus Law
Enforcement Administrators
342 North Main Street
W. Hartford, CT 06117-2507
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Volume 36, No. 3 - May/June 2006 Campus Law

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