Staff manual – 2

Transcription

Staff manual – 2

Úlfljótsvatn Outdoor and Scout Center, Iceland
Útilífsmiðstöð skáta Úlfljótsvatni
Staff manual – 2
Program training
This copy belongs to Úlfljótsvatn Outdoor and Scout Center.
Please handle with care, share with others and make sure it is accessible to others.
Activities
Your role could include leading or assisting with running program activities for guests. So that every activity session may be
delivered in a fun, safe and professional way, we have the following pages to guide us. For some parts of this manual, you
will need to write things down on a separate piece of paper.
1. Training
In order to be allowed to lead or assist on activities, you must read through the information for each activity and for some
activities you will also need to undergo practical training, led by senior staff and/or 3rd party trainer.
Once you have done your training, an experienced staff member will allow you to monitor them once or twice during a
session, so that you may observe how the session is run. For some activities, this will be the end of your formal training.
For other activities (i.e. climbing, abseiling, archery, paddling and more) an experienced staff member will monitor you
running the activity at least once (maybe several times) before you are signed off and can do so on your own. This is called
"shadowing" and is only meant to ensure you have the assistance you might need for the first times, so don't let it stress
you out.
Depending on training, program staff (and others who run activities) can have two different types of instructor certifications
for various activities. The first one is for "assistant" and only exists for some activities. The assistant can help out, even run
parts of the activity, but there must always be a lead instructor present, taking full responsibility for the session.
The lead instructor cert is available for all activities (for some activities individually, but for others as a bundle certification)
and means that the staff member has completed full traning to lead the activity in sessions. A lead instructor is responsible
for setting up the activity, running it in a fun, safe and professional manner and then taking the equipment down in the end
if needed. The lead instructor is also responsible for loging equipment use.
To be a lead instructor, you must be 18 year old or more, finish the respective training and be able to successfully lead an
activity in Icelandic and/or English.
For some activities additional requirements may apply, such as additional training, certifications, skills, knowledge or
experience. For example, to be a lead guide in a hike called "Hiking trail", you must have finished on-site training courses
"hike 1" and "hike 2" and be skilled in positioning yourself and navigating using a map, compass and GPS. In addition at
least one guide on the trip must have completed a Traveling (Ferðmennska) training course with the Icelandic Search &
Rescue Organization (Ice-SAR), one guide must have completed the training course Navigation (Rötun) with Ice-SAR and at
least one guide must have a valid Wilderness First Responder certificate. In some cases, similar training courses or a great
deal of experience in each field can come replace specific training courses.
The requirements for instructors and guides are to be followed without exception.
The senior staff keeps records of your training. All previous training you may have completed elsewhere but you feel
relevant should also be logged to give a better idea of your skillset. Please notify the senior staff.
Training is done in the beginning of each season (individual parts of training may be spread over a longer period). When
relevant, you will get a certificate.
It is worth noting that if you feel uncertain about any part of your training or work as instructor/guide, you should always
voice your concerns with a member of the senior staff. Also, there's no shame in admitting that you don't feel confident
with leading or assisting a certain activity.
2. Program sessions
Each standard program session with a group is 75 minutes. You can find more information on how sessions are spread out
over the day in Staff manual - 1: General information -> 4. Our work -> Shifts and sessions. Let's have a look at what we
need to keep in mind when we run a program session:
• We begin by going through the "Pre-session checklist" (including a visual inspection of all equipment) and make sure the
weather is OK for the session, that all equipment is available and so on.
• We show up ready - having eaten, wearing the right clothes for the weather and so on. Running back to the hut to get
something, or leaving early because you are cold is very unprofessional and might also cause the session to halt because the
number of staff does not meet requirements.
• Everything must be ready when the session start. The guests do not come to watch us set up.
• The session starts with an introduction. Speak clearly and loud, be lively, engaging and enthusiastic:
-Who?
-What?
-Where?
-When?
-Why?
-How?
(My name is Gummi and I'll be your instructor for this session,
along with Elín and Inga)
(Today we'll do paddling, has anyone done paddling before?)
(We'll take the boats out on the lake, but only as far as the buoys.)
(We'll start by putting on life vests, then we'll do a safety talk and after that
we'll help each one of you to find a boat and get started. If all goes well we'll
have about an hour to paddle on the lake.)
(This is a great opportunity to learn the basic handling of boats and to
challenge yourself to try something you may not have done before, and to
have fun!)
(Everyone will have a life vest (buoyancy aid) and must keep that on for the
whole session. We have different kind of boats; two person canoes, single or
two person sit-on-top kayaks, single person closed kayaks and two and four
person pedal boats. A safety boat will be on the lake, so if you run into
trouble just wave the crew and they'll come over.)
• Before the guests start the activity, we must do a safety talk. This is to make sure they understand what not to do, and
how to do things in a safe way. Make sure the guests know where they should be, when they should act and what they
should do. Give the opportunity to ask questions.
• During the session we try to engage all members of the group, i.e. by getting everyone to try and to give roles to those
who are waiting their turn. For example, they can cheer the others on, give advice, plan their next steps, help with scorekeeping, timing, safety lookout and so on. Adhere to the "Session schedule".
• If we can offer fun and/or educationg facts during the session - all the better.
• We are constantly observing the participants and making sure all safety rules are being followed and that the session is
being carried out in a safe manner. And that everyone is having fun, as much as we can.
• We start to close the session in time, so that once the session time is over, the group is ready to leave the activity site.
Before they leave, we offer a small review, thank them for joining us in the session and wish them a good day.
• Follow the "Post-session" checklist.
After each session you should have approx. 15 minutes to prepare for the next session (unless a mealtime comes
inbetween). These 15 minutes are not a break, but allows you to move between activity sites if needed and set up a new
activity, reset the activity if you're doing the same activity again or … if you've done all that … take a small breather.
If the session is the last one of the day's for that activity, you end by taking the activity down/putting the equipment into
appropriate storage.
In case you do need to halt a session, for safety reasons or otherwise, contact the program director as soon as possible.
Staff members who are not on duty might request the opportunity to assist on an activity session (maybe to get introduced
to running the activity or to practice). It is up to the lead instructor for the session to say if this is OK. The extra staff is their
responsibility, should not replace allocated staff and must not cause distractions or cause extra work for the instructors.
For each on-demand activity session you will do (i.e. not school camps, summer camps and such), an activity sheet will be
prepared. You must invite guests to fill out the review-part, then sign the sheet off and give back to the program director.
3. Learning opportunities
Activities should not only be fun, they should carry some learning as well and allow guests to try something they may not
have done before. To help ensure this happens, let's keep the following in mind when leading an activity session:
• A great "place" to learn is on the outer edge of the comfort zone. We do not force anyone to try, but we strongly
encourage them to seize the opportunity.
• We give compliments, cheers, encouragements and validations for efforts, just as much as for achievements. For example,
let's say someone who has no problem with climbing goes all the way to the top of the climbing wall, but the next guest is
scared of heights and/or doesn't do too well with the physical aspect of climbing but does manage to climb almost their
own height before being lowered down again. We tell them both that they did good, and ask if they enjoyed it. Even with
the obvious difference, the achievement may be equal for those two individuals (and even more for the second one).
• There is no one way to learn. The variations that can affect how learning is best achieved are so many and change so
often, even for the same individual, that the best thing to do is trying to have a broad range. For example, when doing a
demontstration in the beginning of an archery session, you can give out instructions three times:
1) Show what to do and explain what you're doing.
2) Show what to do only.
3) Have the group tell you what to do, as if you've never done it before, and follow their
instructions.
In short, delivering the information in different ways increases the odds of everyone learning what they should be learning.
• We try to keep the instructions short and simple (very much unlike this manual) and add to them when needed. As
research show people can generally only keep about 7 pieces of information in their short term memory, it's quite obvious
that it makes sense to keep activity instructions as short and simple as possible. Also, keep in mind that the information
you're giving out are not the only information that people are taking on. There's new environment, group dynamics, the
weather, group discussions and so on. So try to divide the information into (let's say) 4-5 bits of instructions, each with a
clear focus. Think about what information you NEED to give out in the beginning, and what information you can offer as the
group is carrying out the activity.
Make a list: What other ways can you think of to make sure that the information is memorable?
• In the process of non-formal learning, the greatest learning opportunities lie in the review or reflection that takes part
after the activity itself. That's why it's important to squeeze in a short review at the end of each activity. (Sometimes we
might do a longer reflection session with a group that has stayed for a couple of days or more, but that's done a little
differently.) The purpose of the review is to have the participants doing a small analyzis of what they just did, to be able to
learn from the process.
Kolb's learning cycle:
An easy way to facilitate a quick review is to ask the
following three question-groups to the group as a whole:
• What?
-What happened? Describe the activity.
• So what?
-How did you do the activity?
-What was difficult? Why? How did you tackle that?
-What went really well? Why? How did you do that?
• Now what?
-What did you learn?
-Should you/could you/would you do something
differently?
-Will this activity have any future affect on you?
Write down: What other methods could you use to facilitate a reflection after an activity?
4. Equipment
Can you imagine how much stuff is needed to run activities at a scout center? We have boats and paddles, live vests, safety
boat, oars, on-board motor, auto-belays, harnesses, helmets, abseiling lines, slings, carabiners, belaying tools, a climbing
tower, bows, arrows, targets, forarm guards, compasses, GPS's, frisbee discs, colf clubs, obstacle course, water safari, fire
bowls, grills, murrikka's, gas stoves, skillets, pots, team building equipment and maps … just to name a few.
Every single item of equipment has three things in common:
• They cost money
• We use them to run activities
• If they are missing or damaged, we can not run the activity
To make sure the equipment is always in good working order, we must:
• Do a visual inspection in the beginning and end of every session/day
• Pull damaged, broken equipment aside, label it and notify the program director
• Log every use of certain equipment (see form)
• Take good care in our use of every item of equipment
Part of taking good care of the equipment is to learn to store it properly, always put the equipment away after each use and
make sure that broken or damaged equipment gets repaired or taken out of use.
For the visual inspection we might, for example, check if all climbing harnesses and helmets show any major wear or tear or
if any buckles or straps are missing. If the outer sheathing of an abseiling line has a breach. If the paddles we're going to use
have broken blades or the life vests don't have the necessary straps or are severely torn. If the boats leak, are unstable or if
the stearing doesn't work. If any of the arrows are broken or if any of the bows have a broken arrow seat. It might also
mean to have a quick look over the obstacle course to see if something is broken and if it poses a danger. Some of the gear
we must check before or when we are setting up before the session, and others we can do as we hand out equipment or
assist guests to carry out the activity. In worst case scenarios you might feel unable to continue with the activity. In that
case, contact the program director immediately and ask for advice.
The senior staff is responsible for major inspections of all safety equipment, as well as renewal of equipment. Consult with
the program director if you have concerns.
Get to know the equipment so that you can share your knowledge with other staff members and be able to tell when
something is not right.
For some equipment (i.e. climbing gear, archery gear and boats and
paddles) we log all use. It’s the lead instructor’s responsibility to log
each use with date, their name and the number of participants joining in
on the activity.
If staff members borrow the equipment for training or just to have fun
(with the program director’s approval), that must be logged as well.
Program activities
Each activity has their own training material and special training courses are run for some. For those activities, you need to
read the training material before taking a test to pass as an instructor or lead instructor.
5. Climbing
Staff requirements:
Training requirements: Instructor
• "Climbing 1", run by Úlfljótsvatn
• Know activity procedures for climbing, as defined by
Úlfljótsvatn
• Know emergency procedures for climbing, as defined by
Úlfljótsvatn
• Know how to set up for climbing (the tower), both with
auto-belay and top-rope
• Having demonstrated knowledge in use and care of
climbing equipment
• Be confident in belaying
• Be able to help run activity in Icelandic and/or English
• Be 16 years or older
Training requirements: Lead instructor
• Same as for instructor, plus:
• A valid first-aid certificate
Other training courses or experience should be logged into
the instructor’s file.
Risk assessment:
Risk asessment revised in May 2016.
(Severity= 1-5 Likelyhood= 1-5)
Risk assessment
Activity:
Climbing
Risk
Risk description
Climbing fall
Climber loses grip and falls
Fall from top of
tower
Guest in tower can fall to
the ground if i.e. climbing
on top of rail
Equipment
malfunction
Equipment malfunction
causes accident, i.e. fall or
climber gets stuck
Preventive actions
Use fall protection (harness
and belaying) and include
instructions in safety talk
Lock abseiling gates when
not in use, put up warning in
tower
Routine equipment
inspection, routine renewal
and/or servicing of
equipment, correct storage,
correct setup
Routine maintenance and
inspection of structural and
surface parts of tower
Damage of
tower
Lightning
Earthquake
Structural or surface
damage/wear of tower
causes danger
Lightning hits tower, as it is
the highest point of the
area
Earthquake increases
accident risk with vibration
or damage to tower
May 17
2016
Responsible:
Program director
Severity
Likelyhood
Risk factor
Actions?
4
3
High
Yes
4
2
Medium
Yes
4
1
Medium
Yes
3
1
Low
Yes
Lightning rod, don’t use the
tower in thunderstorms
4
1
Medium
Yes
Train staff to react to
earthquakes
3
1
Low
Yes
Actions
Activity:
Climbing
Respons.
Preventetive action
Risk
Program
director
Climbing fall
Program
director
Fall from tower
Program
director
Equipment failure
Grounds
keeper
Damage to tower
Grounds
keeper
Lightning
Program
director
Earthquake
Write and implement procedures
on using fall protection and
personal protective gear, how to
safely set up for climbing and
how to deliver safety talk before
climbing
on locking abseiling gates when
not in use. Put up warnings in the
tower.
on routine equipment check,
servising and renewal, correct
storage and setup and frequent
visual checks
on routine checks for structural
and surface components of
tower
Put a lightning rod on the tower,
write and implement procedures
on not using the tower in
thunderstorms.
Train staff in correct reactions to
earthquakes. Use Úlfljótsvatn’s
general emergency plan for
earthquakes
Risk after
action
Status
Severity
Likely
hood
Risk
factor
1. June
2015
Compl.
4
1
Medium
1. June
2016
Active
4
1
Medium
1. June
2015
Compl.
4
1
Medium
1. June
2016
Active
3
1
Low
1. July
2016
Active
4
1
Medium
1. June
2016
Active
3
1
Low
Sched.
finish
Equipment:
Equipment used for climbing:
Basement, climbing lockers:
• Helmets
• Climbing/abseiling harnesses
• Climbing/abseiling lines (for top-rope climbing)
• Bag with carabiners, belaying device, slings and more
Office (most often in place in the tower):
• Auto-belays (for auto-belay climbing)
Additional staff equipment:
• Uniform
• Radio (at least one)
• Mobile phone (at least one)
• First aid kit
• Activity binder: Climbing
• Note: All staff members running this activity must wear helmets. For tope-rope climbing, all staff members must wear a
harness.
Note: Climbing/abseiling equipment is NOT to be used or taken off site without a permission from the program director
Note: All climbing/abseiling equipment use is to be logged.
Note: All climbing/abseiling equipment should be labeled and logged on purchase. Log dates for production, purchase and
expiration. File name of maker and included reading material (instructions and such) along with a copy of purchasing
receipt. Follow general rules on inspection and broken/damaged equipment.
DO NOT use broken/damaged/expired safety equipment.
Setup - Auto-belay:
1) Lean base boards with holds agains the base of the wall. Use line/rope to secure.
2) Secure a sling to an anchor point on the beam above the wall.
3) Lift auto-belay enough to secure same sling to auto-belay, without lifting it above the handrail.
4) Lift auto-belay up to the beam and use a D-lock to secure it to a different anchor point.
5) Shorten the sling to minimize fall if D-lock fails.
6) Lower retractable safety line from auto-belay and secure to a fixed point at base of wall.
7) Have a colleague do a safety check on all setup.
Base boards in place and secured
Auto-belay in place and secured
Retractable safety line
secured
Auto-belays are serviced regularly. If there is no plan to use them within the next two weeks, you must end session by
taking them down. If you suspect rectractable safety line may be wet, pull it out and allow to dry for 24-48 hours.
Harnesses, slings, ropes and other nylon or plastic gear should be allowed to dry well, unbundled, before put back into
storage lockers.
Setup - Top rope:
1) Lean base boards with holds agains the base of the wall. Use line/rope to secure.
2) Thread climbing line through a fixed semi-circle anchor.
3) Secure a sling to a separate anchor point, with a carabiner on the end.
4) Clip carabiner around climbing line and lock. Keep sling as short as possible.
5) On "guest end" of line, make a double figure eight knot, with a tie-off know. Attach carabiner (triple action if possible).
6) On "belayer end" of line, make a stop knot.
Base boards in place and secured
Top rope in place and secured
storage lockers.
Activity procedure:
Minimum age of participants:
6 years (exceptions can be made if responsible adults escort and correct safety equipment is available)
Staff/guest ratio (minimum requirement):
Auto-belay, 1-10 guests:
1 lead instructor
Auto-belay, 11-20 guests: 1 lead instructor + 1 instructor
Top-rope, 1-10 guests:
Top-rope, 11-20 guests:
1 lead instructor + 1 instructor
1 lead instructor + 2 instructors
(Groups over 20 are split into more sessions.)
Red flags! Climbing should/can be cancelled by:
• Wind in excess of 15 meters pr. Second
• Thunderstorm
• Very cold conditions
• Guest intoxication or similar restrictions in capability
• Staff does not meet requirements (training or number of staff)
• Equipment does not pass visual inspection
• The climbing tower does not pass visual inspection
• Appropriate safety equipment not used
In doubt? Consult with the program director.
Safety zone:
The safety zone for climbing is the gravel zone between the tower and the log bench. Guests should not enter that zone
unless they are next in line for climbing.
Pre-session checklist:
o Do a visual inspection of equipment and tower
o Check weather/weather forcast
o Advice guests on clothing
o Review guest numbers and number of instructors
o Set up equipment before guests arrive
o Have a colleague do a safety check on all setup
Participants sitting on bench, waiting their turn
Climbing.
Session schedule:
Time (est.)
2 min
What?
Introduction
10 min
Guests put on harnessess and helmets
3 min
Safety talk
50 min
Climbing
5 min
5 min
Review
Guests take off harnesses and helmets
How?
Greet guests.
Who (are you)?
What (are we going to do)?
Where (will we do it)?
-Also: where is the nearest toilet?
When (will what happen (order))?
Why (is this a great activity)?
Staff demonstrates and then assist
How (will we do it)?
• Safety zone - stay clear!
• Safety gear
• Wait your turn (sit in a line)
• Use legs, butt close to wall
• Not a requirement to go all the way
• Visually inspect every harness as it is clipped
in. Does it fit? Is it safe?
• No stepping on climbing lines!
• Respect safety zone!
• Keep line slack as short as possible
• Encourage guests to give climbers good
advice and encouragement
• Monitor safety on-site at all times
"What? So what? Now what?"
Collect in one place
Thank guests for the session and say goodbye
Total: 75 minutes
Post-session checklist (if "take down"):
o If auto-belay: Release carabiner so that line retracts. If needed, take auto-belay down.
o If top-rope: Remove climbing lines as well as slings and carabiners at anchor points.
o Remove base boards.
o Move all equipment to storage. Dry if needed, make ready for next use.
o Label and put aside broken or damaged equipment. Notify program director.
o Refill first-aid kits if needed.
o Return accident reports to program director/general manager, if any.
Additional information:
Emergency procedures:
• Emergency plan: Accidents
• Emergency plan: Rescue from climbing tower
• Emergency plan: Malfunction/damage in equipment/tower without injury to people
Suitable guest clothing/equipment:
• Guests must be prepared for standing still for 75 minutes in today's weather. Keep in mind that the top of the tower will
be colder and windier than the base of it.
• Tight shoes with stiff soles are best for climbing.
• Clothes must allow for movement.
Equipment checking:
All safety equipment should be checked at least twice each year, at the beginning and end of the summer season. The
program director is responsible for this inspeciton. We are looking for:
• Expired equipment
• Broken/damaged equipment
• Equipment where wear and tear is starting to comprimise safe use of equipment
• Equipment that can be easily fixed/updated
Note: Auto-belays should be maintenanced every year. As they have to be shipped overseas to do so, mid-winter is the best
time to do so.
In addition, for each session the lead instructor is responsible for a visual inspection. For climbing this includes:
• Checking if the tower looks safe. Are there any broken boards? Are wires loose or attached?
• Checking if anchor points and beam look solid and intact.
• Checking if harnesses have all buckles and straps in place and show no more than minimal wear and tear.
• Checking if all helmets are solid (without cracks), with necessary straps and buckles and can be adjusted for size.
• Checking if auto-belays/semi-circle anchors, slings and metal gear look functional and not damaged.
• Checking that climbing lines do not show excessive wear and tear, for example a torn sheath.
Note: All climbing lines have a fall-rate. That is, the number of falls they can take before they need to be replaced. However,
the falls that are used as guideline in that rating are pretty nasty (fall factor 1.77). Imagine you are at the top of the 10 m
tall wall, in a top-rope, and you fall half way down the tower before the belayer stops you, that is only an 0.66 factor. Fall
factor is the distance fallen divided by the length of climbing rope between the climber and the belayer. To achieve 1.77
you need to fall 10 meters, but only have a 5.65 m rope. In other words, the belayer would needed to have been just above
half the wall, with the rope going through a carabiner just above him, and not at the top of the wall. So whenever we
minimize the length of the fall, we add to the lifespan of the rope.
Note: Climbing equipment that is taken out of use for safety reason but not discarded of (for example still used for other
non-safety use) must be easily recognized as retired from safety-use.
Equipment renewal:
Check manufactors' advice. Here are some rule of thumbs, based on equipment use at Úlfljótsvatn:
• Helmets: Up to 5 years of use from manufactoring date.*
• Climbing/abseiling ropes: Up to 2 years from first use.*
• Climbing/abseiling harnesses and other nylons: Up to 4 years from first use.*
*Less if damaged, broken or wear and tear is excessive. Also, stop use if equipment suffers a great fall or is hit with a great
force.
Helpful guide to determine conditions of climbing ropes:
Content of training courses:
• Climbing 1:
-Equipment: Introduction, storage, logging and drying
-Setting up for a climbing session, using auto-belay
-Setting up for a climbing session, using top-rope
-Setting up for abseiling session
-Safety
-Visual inspections: Harness, helmets
• Climbing 2:
-Leading activities (responsibilities, checklists, session schedule and talking to guests)
-Visual inspections: Tower, ropes, auto-belays
-Practice setup (top-rope, auto-belay and abseiling)
-Rescue
-Session schedules
-Belaying techniques (on-ground, from above)
Note: All participants on training courses should have read the relevant chapter in this manual, as well as relevant
emergency plans.
6. Abseiling
Staff requirements:
• Know activity procedures for abseiling, as defined by
Úlfljótsvatn
• Know emergency procedures for abseiling, as defined by
Úlfljótsvatn
• Know how to set up for abseiling (the tower) and how to
secure guests at top level
• Having demonstrated knowledge in use and care of
abseiling equipment
• Be confident in belaying and rescuing
Other training courses or experience should be logged into
the instructor’s file.
Risk assessment:
Risk assessment
Activity:
Climbing
Risk
Risk description
Abseiling fall
Abseiler loses grip and falls
Fall from top of
tower
Guest in tower can fall to
the ground if i.e. climbing
on top of rail
Equipment
malfunction
causes accident, i.e. fall or
climber gets stuck
Preventive actions
Use fall protection (harness
and 2nd party belaying) and
include instructions in safety
talk
Lock abseiling gates when
not in use, put up warning in
tower
Routine equipment
inspection, routine renewal
and/or servicing of
equipment, correct storage,
correct setup
Routine maintenance and
inspection of structural and
surface parts of tower
Damage of
tower
Lightning
Earthquake
Structural or surface
damage/wear of tower
causes danger
Lightning hits tower, as it is
the highest point of the
area
Earthquake increases
accident risk with vibration
or damage to tower
May 17
2016
Responsible:
Program director
Severity
Likelyhood
Risk factor
Actions?
4
3
High
Yes
4
2
Medium
Yes
4
1
Medium
Yes
3
1
Low
Yes
Lightning rod, don’t use the
tower in thunderstorms
4
1
Medium
Yes
Train staff to react to
earthquakes
3
1
Low
Yes
Actions
Activity:
Climbing
Respons.
Preventetive action
Risk
Program
director
Abseiling fall
Program
director
Fall from tower
Program
director
Equipment failure
Grounds
keeper
Damage to tower
Grounds
keeper
Lightning
Program
director
Earthquake
on using fall protection and
personal protective gear, how to
safely set up for abseiling and
how to deliver safety talk before
abseiling
on locking abseiling gates when
not in use. Put up warnings in the
tower.
on routine equipment check,
servising and renewal, correct
storage and setup and frequent
visual checks
on routine checks for structural
and surface components of
tower
Put a lightning rod on the tower,
write and implement procedures
on not using the tower in
thunderstorms.
Train staff in correct reactions to
earthquakes. Use Úlfljótsvatn’s
general emergency plan for
earthquakes
Risk after
action
Status
Severity
Likely
hood
Risk
factor
1. June
2015
Compl.
4
1
Medium
1. June
2016
Active
4
1
Medium
1. June
2015
Compl.
4
1
Medium
1. June
2016
Active
3
1
Low
1. July
2016
Active
4
1
Medium
1. June
2016
Active
3
1
Low
Sched.
finish
Equipment:
Equipment used for abseiling
• Helmets
• Climbing/abseiling harnesses
• Climbing/abseiling lines (two for each gate)
• Bag with carabiners, belaying device, slings and more
• Gloves for guests and staff
• Uniform
• First aid kit
• Activity binder: Abseiling
• Note: All staff members running this activity must wear helmets. Belayers at top of towers must be secured to the tower
via a sling at all times when gates are open.
Setup (for each gate):
1) For the main-rope, lower down one end until reaches ground.
2) Attach a large carabiner to anchor point. Tie a Munter hitch onto the carabiner and tie it off.
3) Using another anchor point, tie off loose end of climbing rope, using a double figure eight knot and a carabiner.
4) Attach a carabiner to the third anchor point. (Or use a sling around beam, close to Munter hitch.)
5) Using a short rope, double figure eight knots and carabiners, create an anchor point for belaying.
6) Attach a figure eight belaying device to the anchor you made.
7) Thread the backup line through the carabiner in (4), and through the belaying device. Secure the line by "putting the
brakes on the figure eight device".
8) With a sling, make an attachment point for yourself to the tower. You must be able to safely belay and look down the
wall.
Anchor point for belaying
Whole setup - overview
Anchor points for abseiling (Munter
hitch on the left, double eight on the
right) and carabiner for belaying line (in
the middle)
Note: This setup may take more than 15 minutes! Adjust starting time accordingly.
storage lockers.
Note: This is up-side-down.
Activity procedure:
1-10 guests, one gate:
1 lead instructor
11-20 guests, two gates:
2 lead instructors
When possible, at least one instructor should be at base of tower to control access to tower and help.
• Wind in excess of 15 meters pr. Second
• Thunderstorm
• Very cold conditions
• The climbing tower does not pass visual inspection
Safety zone:
There are two safety zones for abseiling. One is the gravel area at the base of the abseiling wall, where nobody should walk.
The other is the top level of the tower. Guests are NOT allowed to enter that level until an instructor tells them to,
o Do a visual inspection of equipment and tower
Session schedule:
Time (est.)
2 min
What?
Introduction
10 min
Guests put on harnessess and helmets
3 min
Safety talk
50 min
Abseiling
5 min
Review
5 min
Guests take off harnesses and helmets
How?
Greet guests.
Who (are you)?
• Safety zones - stay clear!
• Long hair tied off!
• Safety gear
• Wait your turn - instructor will call.
• Only one guest pr. instructor at top.
• How to position yourself on the wall
• How to release the belaying device and hand
it to the next guest
• Everyone at top level of tower MUST be
clipped in when gates are opened
• Visually inspect every harness as it is clipped
in. Does it fit? Is it safe?
• Give directions and encouragements to each
guest
- Space between legs
- 90° angle and all of the sole
- Never let go of brake hand
• Keep backup line slack as short as possible
• Call for next guest when the previous one is
half-way down
• Monitor safety on-site at all times
• Lock gates before goint down to review with
guests
Collect in one place
Total: 75 minutes
Post-session checklist:
o Lock gates (always when leaving the top floor!)
If "take down":
o Take equipment down.
• Emergency plan: Rescue from climbing tower
• Emergency plan: Malfunction/damage in equipment/tower without injury to people
• Guests must be prepared for standing still for 75 minutes in today's weather. Keep in mind that the top of the tower will
be colder and windier than the base of it.
• Gloves with good grip are handy.
Equipment checking:
Note: Auto-belays should be maintenanced every year. As they have to be shipped overseas to do so, mid-winter is the best
time to do so.
In addition, for each session the lead instructor is responsible for a visual inspection. For climbing this includes:
• Checking if the tower looks safe. Are there any broken boards? Are wires loose or attached?
• Checking if anchor points and beam look solid and intact.
• Checking if harnesses have all buckles and straps in place and show no more than minimal wear and tear.
• Checking if slings and metal gear look functional and not damaged.
• Checking that climbing lines do not show excessive wear and tear, for example a torn sheath.
Note: All climbing lines have a fall-rate. That is, the number of falls they can take before they need to be replaced. However,
the falls that are used as guideline in that rating are pretty nasty (fall factor 1.77). Imagine you are at the top of the 10 m
tall wall, in a top-rope, and you fall half way down the tower before the belayer stops you, that is only an 0.66 factor. Fall
factor is the distance fallen divided by the length of climbing rope between the climber and the belayer. To achieve 1.77
you need to fall 10 meters, but only have a 5.65 m rope. In other words, the belayer would needed to have been just above
half the wall, with the rope going through a carabiner just above him, and not at the top of the wall. So whenever we
minimize the length of the fall, we add to the lifespan of the rope.
Equipment renewal:
• Climbing/abseiling ropes: Up to 2 years from first use.*
• Climbing/abseiling harnesses and other nylons: Up to 4 years from first use.*
force.
• Climbing 1:
-Setting up for a climbing session, using auto-belay
-Setting up for a climbing session, using top-rope
-Setting up for abseiling session
-Session schedules
-Safety
-Belaying techniques (on-ground, from above)
-Visual inspections: Harness, helmets
• Climbing 2:
-Visual inspections: Tower, ropes, auto-belays
-Practice setup (top-rope, auto-belay and abseiling)
-Rescue
emergency plans.
7. Boats
Staff requirements:
• "Boats 1", run by Úlfljótsvatn
• Know activity procedures for paddling, as defined by Úlfljótsvatn
• Know emergency procedures for paddling, as defined by Úlfljótsvatn
• Know how to set up for paddling activities and how to operate the
safety boat and rescue from lake
• Having demonstrated knowledge in use and care of boats
• Be confident in paddling and swimming
• Be familiar with main names of places around the activity area
• "Boats 2", run by Úlfljótsvatn
• Know how to use a 2 way radio
Other training courses or experience should be
logged into the instructor’s file.
Risk assessment:
Risk assessment
Activity:
Boats/paddling
Risk
Preventive actions
Routine boat check
Leaking boat
Risk description
Water leaks into boat, due
to damage, malfunction,
overloading or careless use
Paddles/oars
are lost on the
lake
Guest loses oars/paddles
and can not row or paddle
Man overboard
Guest lands in the lake
Sickness
Guest sufferes from acute
sickness on the lake
Boat capsizes
Boat capsizes, guests go
into the lake and/or under
the boat
Guest is hit by
propeller
Propeller of safety boat
causes injury to people
Drowning
Fluid blocks airway, leading
to loss of consiousness and
finally death
Boat drifts away
Guests can not control
boat, i.e. due to weather,
lack of experience or loss of
palddles/oars
Something gets
stuck in
propeller
Safety boat stops due to
something getting stuck or
damages propeller
Rowboats: Note with
emergency phone numbers
Other boats: Active watch on
the lake from land and safety
boat
All guests should wear life
vests. Active watch on the
lake from land and safety
boat
boat. Take guest to land and
administer first aid.
Correct boat use and
reaction is included in safety
talk. All guests should wear
life vests. Active watch on
the lake from land and safety
boat.
Safety rules for motor boats
followed. Engine killed
during rescue. Staff trained
in rescue and first aid.
boat. Staff trained in rescue
and first aid.
Active watch on the lake
from land and safety boat.
Red flags for boat use
include weather conditions.
Safety rules for motor boats
followed. Active watch from
safety boats to monitor
other boats, people and
bottom of lake.
May 17
2016
Responsible:
Program director
Severity
Likelyhood
Risk factor
Actions?
3
2
Medium
Yes
3
1
Low
Yes
3
2
Medium
Yes
2
1
Low
Yes
4
2
Medium
Yes
4
2
Medium
Yes
5
1
Medium
Yes
2
3
Medium
Yes
2
1
Low
Yes
Actions
Activity:
Boats/paddling
Respons.
Preventetive action
Risk
Program
director
Leaking boat
Program
director
Paddles/oars are lost on the lake
Program
director
Man overboard
Program
director
Sickness
Program
director
Boat capsizes
Program
director
Guest is hit by propeller
Program
director
Drowning
Program
director
Boat drifts away
Program
director
Something gets stuck in
propeller
on routine checks for boats. Stop
using boats if likely to leak (or a
leak is found), until leak has been
prevented
Write and implement
procedures: Tell guests how
important it is not to lose their
oars/paddles. Keep extra paddles
in safety boat. Active watch from
land and safety boat.
Write and implement
procedures: All guests must wear
life vests. Visual inspection
before guest enters boat. Active
watch from land and safety boat.
Write and implement
Write and implement
procedures: Include in safety talk
the correct use of each boat and
how to avoid capsize. All guests
must wear life vests. Active
Write and implement
procedures: Follow safety rules
for motor boats. Kill engine
during rescue.
Write and implement
Staff trained in rescue and first
aid.
Write and implement
procedures: Active watch from
land and safety boat. Red flags
for boating/paddling include
weather conditions.
Write and implement
procedures: Active watch from
land and safety boat. Safety rules
for motor boats followed.
Equipment:
Equipment used for boat rental/paddling
Boat house:
• Kayaks (different types)
• Canoes
• Paddles
• Pedal boats
• Safety boat with motor, paddles/oars and fuel tank
• Life line
• Life vests
Risk after
action
Status
Severity
Likely
hood
Risk
factor
1. June
2015
Compl.
3
1
Low
1. June
2015
Compl.
3
1
Low
1. June
2015
Compl.
3
2
Medium
1. June
2015
Compl.
2
1
Low
1. June
2015
Compl.
4
1
Medium
1. June
2015
Compl.
4
1
Medium
1. June
2015
Compl.
5
1
Medium
1. June
2015
Compl.
2
1
Low
1. June
2015
Compl.
2
1
Low
Sched.
finish
• Uniform
• First aid kit
• Activity binder: Boats
• Note: All staff members running this activity must wear life vests.
Note: Boats are NOT to be used or taken off site without a permission from the program director
Note: All boat/paddling equipment use is to be logged.
Note: All boats and paddling equipment should be labeled and logged on purchase. Log dates for production, purchase and
Setup:
1) Depending on what kind of activity, get correct number of boats out. LEAVE PADDLES INSIDE.
2) Make sure the safety boat is in working order, enough fuel on the tank, lifeline present and the motor is working.
3) Put oars/paddles into safety boat. Also a spare pair!
Note: This setup may take more than 15 minutes! Adjust starting time accordingly.
Activity procedure:
Staff/guest ratio (minimum requirement) for basic paddling / boat rental:
1-10 guests:
1 lead instructor in land + 1 instructor on safety boat
11-30 guests:
1 lead instructor in land + 2 instructors on safety boat
31-70 guests:
1 lead instructor and 1 instructor in land + 2 instructors on safety boat
(Groups over 60-70 are split into more sessions.)
Staff/guest ratio (minimum requirement) for guided paddling tours:
1-10 guests:
1 lead instructor on safety boat + 1 instructor paddling
11-40 guests:
1 lead instructor and 1 instructor on safety boat + 1-2 instructors paddling
• Wind in excess of 10 meters pr. second (white waves are seen on lake)
• Thunderstorm
• Lake is covered with ice (fully or partially)
• Fog
• Darkness
Safety zone:
A safety zone is marked by boueys. Do not allow guests to paddle outside that zone unless the weather and water
conditions are good. When leading a guided tour, staying close to land offers added safety in case of i.e. multiple capsise.
o Do a visual inspection of boats and safety boat
Note: For gudied paddling tours, guests should be aware that a decent physical condition is needed to complete the tour.
Session schedule:
Time (est.)
2 min
What?
Introduction
10 min
Guests put on life vests
3 min
Safety talk
50 min
Paddling
5 min
Review
• Safety zone - stay within!
• Safety gear
• How to paddle (correct hand position for
different paddles and how to turn)
• Why is it so important not to lose the
paddle/oar?
• How to avoid capsizing
• How to react if fall in the water
• Safety boat
• Nobody on the lake until safety boat is out!
• Don’t litter!
• Bring paddles out
• Everyone MUST wear a life vest
• Safety boat crew constantly monitors all
boats
• In land instructor assists guests in choosing
boats, and helps them to start
5 min
Guests take of life vests and hang them back up
Total: 75 minutes
Note: Guided paddling tours have different schedules, depending on tours.
How?
Greet guests.
Who (are you)?
o COUNT BOATS. Have all boats come back?
o Check all life vests are in correct place.
o Put all oars and paddles into boat house and lock.
o Pull safety boat up, move fuel tank and deadman into boathouse.
If "take down":
o Put canoes and kayaks in correct place.
o Lock all boats, as possible.
o Refill fuel tank if needed.
• Emergency plan: Hypothermia
• Emergency plan: Man overboard
• Emergency plan: Lost individual
• Emergency plan: Boat pulling
• Guests must be prepared for being outside for 75 minutes in today's weather. Keep in mind that the temperature down
by the lake can be lower than at the campsite, and winds stronger. Also note that guests will likely be hit by water splash
and may have wet seats.
• Splash or water proof clothes can be good.
Equipment checking:
Note: Safety boats and motors are to be inspected every year.
In addition, for each session the lead instructor is responsible for a visual inspection. For paddling this includes:
• Checking if the boats leak, seats are broken or steering (where available) is working.
• Checking if safety boat is in working order.
• Checking if all guests are wearing their life vests correctly.
Equipment renewal:
When no longer usable.
• Boats 1:
-Setting up for a paddling/boat session
-Safety
-Safety boat (learn to drive and rescue)
-Visual inspections: Boats, vests, paddles
• Climbing 2:
-Visual inspections: Safety boat
-Session schedules
-Rescue practice
-Group control
-Paddle/sail across lake, land, hike to Skinnhúfuhellir
emergency plans.
8. Archery
Staff requirements:
• "Archery 1", run by Úlfljótsvatn
• Know activity procedures for archery, as defined by Úlfljótsvatn
• Know emergency procedures for archery, as defined by Úlfljótsvatn
• Know how to set up for archery, both indoors and outdoors
• Having demonstrated knowledge in use and care of archery equipment
• "Archery 2", run by Úlfljótsvatn
Other training courses or experience
should be logged into the instructor’s file.
Risk assessment:
Risk assessment
Activity:
Archery
Risk
Risk description
Injury from
arrow
Guest is injured by an arrow
Preventive actions
Guests can not cross
shooting line without
permission and that arrows
and bows should never be
pointed towards other
people
Include in safety talk how
guests should retreive their
arrows from the side
Offer guests to wear forarm
guards
Routine equipment check
and renew outdated or
broken equipment
Red flag thunderstorms for
archery
Guest walks into an arrow
standing from a target,
hitting them in the eye
String hits forarm when
released
Eye injury
Bruised arm
Equipment
malfunction
causes injury
Lightning risk
Lightning hits on outdoor
range
Actions
Activity:
Archery
Respons.
Preventetive action
Risk
Program
director
Injury from arrow
Program
director
Eye injury
Program
director
Bruised arm
Program
director
Program
director
Lightning risk
May 17
2016
Responsible:
Program director
Severity
Likelyhood
Risk factor
Actions?
4
3
High
Yes
4
2
Medium
Yes
1
3
Low
Yes
2
2
Low
Yes
4
1
Medium
Yes
Write and implement safety
that guests can not cross
shooting line without permission
and that arrows and bows should
never be pointed towards other
people
how guests should retreive their
arrows from the side
procedures: Offer guests to wear
forarm guards
procedures: Routine equipment
check and renew outdated or
broken equipment
procedures: Red flag
thunderstorms for archery
Risk after
action
Status
Severity
Likely
hood
Risk
factor
1. June
2015
Compl.
4
1
Medium
1. June
2015
Compl.
4
1
Low
1. June
2015
Compl.
1
2
Low
1. June
2015
Compl.
2
1
Low
1. June
2015
Compl.
4
1
Medium
Sched.
finish
Equipment:
Equipment used for archery:
Basement, archery lockers:
• Bows (small and big, also for left-handed people)
• Arrows in arrow-carriers
• Forarm-guards
• Toolbox with target pins, balloons, extra arrow seats, sights and more
• Arrow-holders
• Bow-holders
• Targets
• Uniform
• First aid kit
• Activity binder: Archery
Note: Archery equipment is NOT to be used or taken off site without a permission from the program director
Note: All archery equipment use is to be logged.
Note: All archery equipment should be labeled and logged on purchase. Log dates for production, purchase and expiration.
File name of maker and included reading material (instructions and such) along with a copy of purchasing receipt. Follow
general rules on inspection and broken/damaged equipment.
Setup:
1) (If indoors): Make sure the safety curtain is in the right position. Lock the South Door and tie off.
2) Put target dials in place, by target line, and put targets on them. Target's center should be close to 130 cm from ground.
3) Make sure shooting line and waiting line are visable.
4) Place arrow-holders and bow-holders on the shooting line. Depending on number of participants do not use more than 45 stations for each target. Each station needs to be at least 80 cm wide.
5) Put 3 arrows in each arrow-holder and one bow in each bow-holder. Additional bows and arrows are put somewhere
they don't tempt the guests too much, but are accessible at all times.
6) Put chairs for the guests BEHIND the waiting line.
7) Have the forarm guards ready.
Archery stations, at least 80 cm
apart.
Correct setup and pose. Notice feet on opposite
side of the shooting line.
Retrieveing arrows, from the
side.
Please allow equipment to dry before baging/storing.
Activity procedure:
8 years (exceptions can be made if responsible adults escort and assists)
1-10 guests:
1 lead instructor
11-20 guests:
1 lead instructor + 1 instructor (can be replaced by teacher/leader for group control)
Note: During walk-in sessions (i.e. for the campsite), the number of instructors may need to increase to keep control over
the group.
• Outdoors: Wind in excess of 10 meters pr. second (can vary for wind direction and group)
• Outdoors: Thunderstorm
• Staff is not able to secure range
Safety zone:
All guests should stay behind the waiting line, unless the ones shooting. Danger zone is between targets and shooting line,
as well as behind targets and to the sides. No guest is allowed to enter the safety zone or the danger zone with out
permission from the lead instructor. This is vital, and if breached the lead instructors must shout: STOP, STOP, STOP, BOWS
DOWN! Or similar.
o Do a visual inspection of equipment and range
o Check weather/weather forcast (if outdoors)
o Advice guests on clothing (if outdoors or during winter)
o Warm up the indoor range if needed
Session schedule:
Time (est.)
2 min
What?
Introduction
5 min
Put on forarm guards
6 min
Safety talk
50 min
Archery
5 min
Review
2 min
Guests take off forarm guards
Total: 75 minutes
How?
Greet guests.
Who (are you)?
• Safety zone and danger zone
- stay clear unless told otherwise!
• Bow and arrow
• Shooting and retrieving commands
• Shooting technique, one foot across line,
NEVER point arrow to other than target
• How to retrieve arrows
• Divide into groups, depending on number of
stations
• Call first group, those not shooting must stay
behind waiting lnie
• Command to shoot. Assist if needed.
• Command to retrieve.
• Change arhcers.
• Once all have tried, try competition between
groups or a game (such as balloons)
• ALWAYS keep full attention on safety
Collect in one yellow bag
o Put arrows in big holder, always remove arrows if staff is not present.
If "take down":
o Take equipment down.
• Outside or winter: Guests must be prepared for standing still for 75 minutes in today's weather. Keep in mind that the top
of the tower will be colder and windier than the base of it.
Equipment checking:
• Strings with more than 3 threads torn apart
• Bows with cracks or breaks
• Broken arrow seats (can be replaced)
• Arrows that are bent, broken without tips or have torn or missing feathers
• Forarm guards with straps that don't work as they should
• Target dials that show more than acceptible wear and tear
In addition, for each session the lead instructor is responsible for a visual inspection, looking for the same things, in addition
to:
• Range being visable, easily understood and safe.
Equipment renewal:
When equipment is no longer usable.
• Archery 1:
-Setting up for an archery session
-Session schedules
-Safety
-Shooting technique
-Visual inspections: Bows, arrows and forarm guards
• Archery 2:
-Visual inspections: Range, targets
-Practice setup
-Games
-Practice safety talk
emergency plans.
9. Hikes (3 hours or more, guided hikes - summer only)
Staff requirements:
• "Hiking 1", run by Úlfljótsvatn
• Know activity procedures for hiking, as defined by
Úlfljótsvatn
• Know emergency procedures for hiking, as defined by
Úlfljótsvatn
• Have basic navigating skills (compass, map, GPS)
• Understand the need for calorie and water intake while
hiking
• Know how to monitor hiker's conditions
• Be an experienced hiker in good physicals shape
• "Hiking 2", run by Úlfljótsvatn
• MUST be familiar with route
In addition, every trip must be lead by at least one
instructor with the following:
• Traveling by SL (Ferðamennska) or similar
• Navigating by SL (Rötun) or similar
In addition, when the group will at some point be more
than 2 hours away from ALS:
•Wilderness First Responder or similar
Note: When guiding a group that has leaders/teachers, only one guide is provided by Úlfljótsvatn, regardless of group size.
Extra guides can be booked.
Risk assessment:
Risk assessment
Activity:
Hike
Risk
Risk description
Getting lost
Hikers get lost, either the
whole group or individuals
Injury on route
Accident happens on route
that causes injury, i.e.
twisted ankles, burn or fall
Hypothermia
Hikers get hypothermia due
to cold while hiking or
waiting for help
Preventive actions
Make and leave a travel plan.
Introduce the route to
guests, offer status
monitoring by Úlfljótsvatn
Urge hikers to look where
they put their feet down and
be careful. Reduce use of
hazardous objects like stoves
and knifes. Staff trained in
first aid.
Make sure hikers are dressed
to deal with the weather,
monitor hikers’ wellbeing
Actions
Activity:
HIke
Respons.
Preventetive action
Risk
Program
director
Getting lost
Program
director
Injury on route
Program
director
Hypothermia
May 17
2016
Responsible:
Program director
Severity
Likelyhood
Risk factor
Actions?
2
2
Low
Yes
3
2
Medium
Yes
3
2
Medium
Yes
procedures, create route map for
guests to fill out. Make sure staff
is trained in navigating and know
the way
procedures: Train staff in first
aid. Make activity description.
procedures: Train staff, monitor
group’s equipment.
Risk after
action
Status
Severity
Likely
hood
Risk
factor
1. June
2016
Active
2
1
Low
1. June
2015
Compl.
3
2
Medium
1. June
2015
Compl.
3
1
Low
Sched.
finish
Equipment:
Equipment used for hiking:
Guests should be adviced on the following:
• Good hiking boots, preferably water-proof and medium-stiff
• Clothing as per season:
-Summer: Waterproofs, 2nd layer, gloves, hats
-Winter: Waterproofs, 1st layer, 2nd layer, gloves, hats, gaters
• Extra socks and clothes (if needed)
• Bathwear and towel (if needed)
• Packed lunch/meals
• Water
• Compass, map, GPS
• Toilet paper and plastic bags
• Sunscreen
• Medicine
• Winter: Avalanche gear (beacons, rods, shovels) if needed, thermos, hiking sticks, stove etc.
Each staff member:
• Hiking boots and hiking clothings as per season
• Backpack
• Packed lunch/meals
• Water
• For overnight trips: Mat, sleeping bag, stove if needed, tent if needed, extra clothes.
Additional staff equipment (per group):
• Map, compass (GPS)
• Uniform (not necessary)
• Radio (if long-range available)
• Mobile phone (at least one, fully charged)
• First aid kit
• Activity binder: Hiking
Preperation & Pre-hike meeting with leaders:
1) Familiarize yourself with the route by hiking it AT LEAST once before bringing a group.
2) Before the hike (preferably at least one day before), meet with the group's leaders and go over maps, distances,
duration, elevations, weather forcast, start time and such. You can also offer them to create a route card of the route.
3) Also discuss the group's equipment to evaluate if the group is prepared. Use the list on the previous page.
4) Discuss any health concerns within the group. Get information on any issues that might come up, especially if anyone in
the group has a bad allergy, astmah, heart condition, epilepsy or anything else that can be of great concern in the
wilderness.
5) Discuss number of guides, leaders and other hikers, and the level of experience and capabilites within the group, in
relation to the route.
6) With all of the above in mind, are the leaders still confident in taking the group.
7) If the hike is on, make a route plan with times and contacts and leave with a senior staff member.
8) Have the leaders fill out participant forms over-night and be sure they are ready before deperture.
Activity procedure:
Depends on the route and the participants. As a general rule, open up discussion for everyone under the age of 10.
15 guests:
1 lead instructor
16-30 guests:
1 lead instructor + 1 instructor (can be replaced by leader/teacher of group)
31-45 guests:
Every additional 15 guests: 1 instructor/leader/teacher
Red flags! Hiking should/can be cancelled by:
• Wind in excess of 15 meters pr. second
• Thunderstorm
• Thick fog
• Great risk of hypothermia (for example, much rain, much wind and temperature under 10°C
• Darkness can prevent successful navigation
• Guests are obviously not prepared/capable enough for the route in question
• Staff does not meet requirements (training, experience, knowledge or number of staff)
Safety zone:
No safety zone exists but ask guests to keep an eye on where they put their feet down, and not to wander off.
o Know the area, the route and interesting facts to tell on the way
o Go over the equipment list to see if instructors are equipped
o Advice guests on clothing, equipment, route and dangers (if any)
o Have group familiarize themselves with the way, perhabs do a route card
o Plan in advance for possible extraction points
o Book accommodation if needed
o Make arrangements for luggage drop-off if needed
o Leave a route plan with contact information.
o Be sure that participant forms for everyone are brought along
Session schedule:
Time (est.)
2 min
What?
Introduction
3 min
Safety talk
15 min
First break
? min.
Hiking
(By means of regular supervision, guides ensure
customers’ well-being. In the
event that a customer shows signs of distress,
physical impairment,
hypothermia or any other signs that may cause
concern, the guide will take
immediate action.)
5 min
5 min
Review
Guests excuse themselves
How?
Greet guests.
Who (are you)?
Where (will we go)?
-Also: where are toilets on the way?
• Stay togher, don't go passed the front
instructor without permission
• Drink and eat well
• Pair up and keep an eye on each other. Cold?
Tired?
• Respect the environment
• Don’t litter!
• Enjoy the hike!
When hiked for 10 minutes, make a small
pause for people to adjust clothing
• Offer ineresting information every now and
then
• Adjust pase to the slowest person OR stop
regularly to tighten the group. Discuss with
leaders how fast they want to go
• Keep an eye out for the hikers and offer
advice on clothing, water intake, calorie intake
etc.
• Be ready to stop rather sooner than later for
emergencies, small or large.
• Monitor safest and best route choise.
• Offer up-to-date information on dangers on
the route.
Encourage them to stretch and look after each
other's health for a few hours.
Thank them for the hike.
Duration depends on route and group
o Announce arrival to keeper of route plan
• Emergency plan: Group lost
• See "equipment"
Equipment checking:
Does not apply
Equipment renewal:
When equipment not usable
• Hiking 1:
-Popular routes
-Session schedules
-Hiker safety and health
• Hiking 2:
-Practice (walk one route)
-Travel behavior
-Rescue
emergency plans.
10. Caving
Staff requirements:
• Same as for “Hiking”
• Same as for “Hiking”, plus:
• MUST be familiar with route
For Gjábakkahellir, training courses Traveling and
Navigating can be replaced with experience, as approved
by the senior staff.
Risk assessment:
Risk assessment
Activity:
Caving
Risk
Risk description
Getting
seperated
Guest is seperated from the
group, while in the cave
Preventive actions
Discuss with the group how
important it is to stay
together. Instructor stays in
front and leader/teacher in
back. Use two-way radios.
Urge guests to look where
they put their feet and hands
and be careful. Use helmets.
Staff trained in first aid.
Encourage guests to bring
and drink water
Accident happens in cave
that causes injury, i.e.
twisted ankle, head injury
or fall
Guest gets dehydrated due
to physical work
Injury
Dehydration
Actions
Activity:
Caving
Respons.
Preventetive action
Risk
Program
director
Getting seperated
Program
director
Injury
Program
director
Dehydration
May 17
2016
Responsible:
Program director
Severity
Likelyhood
Risk factor
Actions?
2
2
Low
Yes
3
2
Medium
Yes
3
2
Low
Yes
procedure: Discuss with the
group how important it is to stay
together. Instructor stays in front
and leader/teacher in back. Use
two-way radios.
procedure: Urge guests to look
where they put their feet and
hands and be careful. Use
helmets. Staff trained in first aid.
procedure: Encourage guests to
bring and drink water, before
departure
Risk after
action
Status
Severity
Likely
hood
Risk
factor
1. June
2016
Compl.
2
1
Low
1. June
2016
Compl.
3
2
Medium
1. June
2016
Compl.
3
1
Low
Sched.
finish
Equipment:
Equipment used for caving:
• Helmets (one per guest)
• Lights (one per guest)
Guests should be adviced on the following:
• Good hiking boots, preferably water-proof and medium-stiff
• Clothing that is warm but can withstand contact with rock
• Gloves
• Water
Each staff member:
• Hiking boots and hiking clothings as per season
• Helmet
• Light
• Water
Additional staff equipment (per group):
• Uniform (not necessary)
• Two way radio
• Mobile phone (at least one, fully charged)
• First aid kit
Preperation & Pre-trip meeting with leaders:
1) Familiarize yourself with the route by hiking it AT LEAST once before bringing a group.
2) Discuss the difficulty level of the trip and any health concerns within the group. Get information on any issues that might
come up, especially if anyone in the group has a bad allergy, astmah, heart condition, epilepsy, is claustraphobic or anything
else that can be of great concern underground. Obviously, mobility issues need to be discussed as well.
3) Make it clear that there are no toilet facilitites at the location. Guests will have to use toilets before departure or at
Laugarvatn.
4) Make sure the group brings drinking water.
Activity procedure:
Depends on the route and the participants. As a general rule, open up discussion for everyone under the age of 10.
15 guests:
1 lead instructor
16-30 guests:
31-45 guests:
Every additional 15 guests: 1 instructor/leader/teacher
Red flags! Caving should/can be cancelled by:
• Surrounding area covered with snow
• Ice on the cave floor
• Guests are obviously not prepared/capable enough for the trip in question
• Staff does not meet requirements (training, experience, knowledge or number of staff)
Safety zone:
No safety zone exists but ask guests to keep an eye on where they put their feet down, and not to wander off.
o Know the area, the route and interesting facts to tell on the way
o Go over the equipment list to see if instructors are equipped
o Advice guests on clothing, equipment, route and dangers (if any)
Session schedule (Gjábakkahellir):
Time (est.)
2 min
What?
Introduction
3 min
Safety talk
60 min.
Caving
(By means of regular supervision, guides ensure
customers’ well-being. In the
event that a customer shows signs of distress,
physical impairment,
hypothermia or any other signs that may cause
concern, the guide will take
immediate action.)
5 min
5 min
Review
Guests excuse themselves
Total: 75 minutes (about)
How?
Greet guests.
Who (are you)?
Where (will we go)?
-Also: where are toilets on the way?
• Stay togher, don't go passed the front
instructor (or back teacher/leader) without
permission
• Drink well
• Mind your step and your head
• Respect the environment
• Don’t litter! No eating in the cave!
• Enjoy the cave!
• Offer ineresting information every now and
then
• Adjust pase to the slowest person OR stop
regularly to tighten the group. Discuss with
leaders how fast they want to go
• Be ready to stop rather sooner than later for
emergencies, small or large.
• Monitor safest and best route choise.
• Offer up-to-date information on dangers on
the route.
• When half-way, or more, stop and discuss
the world of underground. Have guests turn of
their lights and sit in the silent darkness for a
few minutes.
Encourage them to stretch and look after each
other's health for a few hours.
Thank them for the hike.
o Check everyone is out of the cave
• See "equipment"
Equipment checking:
Does not apply
Equipment renewal:
• Lights: When equipment not usable
• Helmets:
In addition, for each session the lead instructor is responsible for a visual inspection. For caving this includes:
Equipment renewal:
force.
Instructors must have completed training courses for hiking, read this chapter and be familiar with the route.
emergency plans.
More activities will be added….

Staff manual – 2

Transcription

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