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National Park Service presentation
Arctic Science Programs in the National Park Service The Arctic Parks, Monuments and Preserves Bering Land Bridge National Preserve: Cape Krusenstern National Monument: Noatak National Preserve: Kobuk Valley National Park Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve: Inupiat Heritage Center 2,537,672 acres 588,241 acres 6,276,089 acres 1,669,912 acres 8,214,302 acres (affiliated area) Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve Noatak National Preserve Kobuk Valley National Park Cape Krusenstern National Monument Bering Land Bridge National Preserve Inupiat Heritage Center National Park Service Organic Act of 1916 “…The service thus established shall promote and regulate the use of the Federal areas known as national parks, monuments, and reservations ….. to conserve the scenery and the natural and historic objects and the wildlife therein and to provide for the enjoyment of the same in such manner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations…” Gates of the Arctic To maintain the wild and undeveloped character of the area, including opportunities for visitors to experience solitude, and the natural environmental integrity and scenic beauty…. including reasonable access, for mountain climbing, mountaineering, and other wilderness recreational activities; to protect habitat for the populations of fish and wildlife… Subsistence uses by local residents…. where such uses are traditional…" Noatak National Preserve "To maintain the environmental integrity of the Noatak River and adjacent uplands within the preserve in such a manner as to assure the continuation of geological and biological processes unimpaired by adverse human activity; to protect habitat for, and populations of, fish and wildlife,…to protect archeological resources; and in a manner consistent with the foregoing, to provide opportunities for scientific research…” National Parks Omnibus Management Act of 1998 …assure that management of units of the National Park System is enhanced by the availability and utilization of a broad program of the highest quality science and information …assure the full and proper utilization of the results of scientific study for park management decisions. Natural Resource Challenge • 4 Inventory and Monitoring Networks • 2 Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units • 2 Science & Learning Centers Focal Activities of Selected NPS Science Programs in Alaska Inventory & Monitoring Program] Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Units[] Science & Learning Centers Regional Programs Park Programs Inventory X X Monitoring X X Research X Research Facilitation Information Synthesis Technical Assistance to Parks X X X Resource Management X X X X Science Products for Outreach and Interpretation Education & Training X X X X X X X X X X Simplified Organizational Structure for Selected NPS Science Programs in Alaska National Park Service Director •Associate Director for Natural Resources and Stewardship oNatural Resource Challenge Program •Associate Director for Cultural Resources oCultural Resource Programs •Alaska Regional Director oRegional Science Advisor Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit oAssociate Regional Director for Resources and Operations Natural Resources (Biology and Geology) Cultural Resources Geographic Information Systems •Regional Inventory & Monitoring Program oPark Superintendents Beringian International Heritage Park Program Four Inventory & Monitoring Networks Two Science & Learning Centers Natural and/or Cultural Resources Simplified Organizational Structure for Selected NPS Science Programs in Alaska National Park Service Director •Associate Director for Natural Resources and Stewardship oNatural Resource Challenge Program •Associate Director for Cultural Resources oCultural Resource Programs •Alaska Regional Director oRegional Science Advisor Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit oAssociate Regional Director for Resources and Operations Natural Resources (Biology and Geology) Cultural Resources Geographic Information Systems •Regional Inventory & Monitoring Program oPark Superintendents Beringian International Heritage Park Program Four Inventory & Monitoring Networks Two Science & Learning Centers Natural and/or Cultural Resources Simplified Organizational Structure for Selected NPS Science Programs in Alaska National Park Service Director •Associate Director for Natural Resources and Stewardship oNatural Resource Challenge Program •Associate Director for Cultural Resources oCultural Resource Programs •Alaska Regional Director oRegional Science Advisor Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit oAssociate Regional Director for Resources and Operations Natural Resources (Biology and Geology) Cultural Resources Geographic Information Systems •Regional Inventory & Monitoring Program oPark Superintendents Beringian International Heritage Park Program Four Inventory & Monitoring Networks Two Science & Learning Centers Natural and/or Cultural Resources Simplified Organizational Structure for Selected NPS Science Programs in Alaska National Park Service Director •Associate Director for Natural Resources and Stewardship oNatural Resource Challenge Program •Associate Director for Cultural Resources oCultural Resource Programs •Alaska Regional Director oRegional Science Advisor Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit oAssociate Regional Director for Resources and Operations Natural Resources (Biology and Geology) Cultural Resources Geographic Information Systems •Regional Inventory & Monitoring Program oPark Superintendents Beringian International Heritage Park Program Four Inventory & Monitoring Networks Two Science & Learning Centers Natural and/or Cultural Resources Simplified Organizational Structure for Selected NPS Science Programs in Alaska National Park Service Director •Associate Director for Natural Resources and Stewardship oNatural Resource Challenge Program •Associate Director for Cultural Resources oCultural Resource Programs •Alaska Regional Director oRegional Science Advisor Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit oAssociate Regional Director for Resources and Operations Natural Resources (Biology and Geology) Cultural Resources Geographic Information Systems •Regional Inventory & Monitoring Program oPark Superintendents Beringian International Heritage Park Program Four Inventory & Monitoring Networks Two Science & Learning Centers Natural and/or Cultural Resources Simplified Organizational Structure for Selected NPS Science Programs in Alaska National Park Service Director •Associate Director for Natural Resources and Stewardship oNatural Resource Challenge Program •Associate Director for Cultural Resources oCultural Resource Programs •Alaska Regional Director oRegional Science Advisor Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit oAssociate Regional Director for Resources and Operations Natural Resources (Biology and Geology) Cultural Resources Geographic Information Systems •Regional Inventory & Monitoring Program oPark Superintendents Beringian International Heritage Park Program Four Inventory & Monitoring Networks Two Science & Learning Centers Natural and/or Cultural Resources Simplified Organizational Structure for Selected NPS Science Programs in Alaska National Park Service Director •Associate Director for Natural Resources and Stewardship oNatural Resource Challenge Program •Associate Director for Cultural Resources oCultural Resource Programs •Alaska Regional Director oRegional Science Advisor Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit oAssociate Regional Director for Resources and Operations Natural Resources (Biology and Geology) Cultural Resources Geographic Information Systems •Regional Inventory & Monitoring Program oPark Superintendents Beringian International Heritage Park Program Four Inventory & Monitoring Networks Two Science & Learning Centers Natural and/or Cultural Resources Alaska Inventory & Monitoring Networks NPS Arctic Inventory & Monitoring Network Timetable Program Development The Arctic Network will develop over three major phases as shown below: Twelve Baseline Inventories 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Natural Resource Bibliography Base Cartography Data Species Occurrence Species Distribution Vegetation Maps Soils Maps Geologic Maps Water Resources Water Chemistry/Quality Air Quality Air Quality Related Values Assessment (e.g. visibility) Meteorological Data Conceptual Models (Examples from the Southwest Alaska Network) Monitoring • Vital Signs • Air Quality • Water Quality Vital Signs Vital Signs Monitoring Framework Level 1 Category Air and Climate Geology and Soils Water Biological Integrity Level 2 Category Examples of Vital Signs Selected by First 12 Networks Air Quality Ozone, wet and dry deposition, visibility and particulate matter, air contaminants Weather and Climate Weather and climate Geomorphology Glaciers, shoreline change, channel morphology, physical habitat index Subsurface Geologic Processes Cave air quality, seismic activity Soil Quality Biological soil crusts, soil structure and stability, soil cover, permafrost Hydrology Groundwater dynamics, surface water dynamics, stream flow, lake and pond elevation, saltwater marsh water table Water Quality Water chemistry, chloride flux, kettle pond acidification, nutrient loading and eutrophication, pollutant metals, aquatic macroinvertebrates Invasive Species Invasive/Exotic plants early detection, areal extent of established populations, exotic aquatic assemblages Infestations and Disease Whitebark pine disease, forest insect/disease outbreaks Focal Species or Communities Landbirds, forest vegetation structure & composition, fish communities, intertidal communities, salt marsh vegetation, seagrass communities, wetland vegetation, riparian plant communities, prairie grassland communities, freshwater mussels, cave aquatic fauna, amphibians, white-tailed deer, caribou, wolves At-risk Biota T&E plants, western prairie fringed orchid, northern spotted owl, western snowy plover, Ozark hellbender, Allegheny woodrat, Topeka shiner Vital Signs Monitoring Framework Level 1 Category Human use Landscapes (Ecosystem Pattern and Processes) Level 2 Category Examples of Vital Signs Selected by First 12 Networks Point-Source Human Effects Contaminants, illegal roads and trails Non-point Source Human Effects Estuarine nutrient inputs Consumptive Use Fisheries harvest, poaching of native plants and animals Visitor and Recreation Use Visitor usage Fire and fuel dynamics Fire occurrence and extent, fuel loading Landscape Dynamics Land cover and use Soundscape Soundscape Nutrient Dynamics Nutrient cycling Productivity Productivity, plant phenology Arctic Inventory & Monitoring Network. Recent Projects • • • • • • • • • Mammal species lists and vouchers Dall sheep survey Montane nesting birds inventory Freshwater resource inventory and data Vascular and nonvascular plant inventories Tundra fire monitoring data Remote sensing data acquisition Conceptual model development “Vital Signs” Monitoring Plan Development Arctic Inventory & Monitoring Network. Recent Projects • • • • • • • • • Mammal species lists and vouchers Dall sheep survey Montane nesting birds inventory Freshwater resource inventory and data Vascular and nonvascular plant inventories Tundra fire monitoring data Remote sensing data acquisition Conceptual model development “Vital Signs” Monitoring Plan Development Arctic Inventory & Monitoring Network. Recent Projects • • • • • • • • • Mammal species lists and vouchers Dall sheep survey Montane nesting birds inventory Freshwater resource inventory and data Vascular and nonvascular plant inventories Tundra fire monitoring data Remote sensing data acquisition Conceptual model development “Vital Signs” Monitoring Plan Development Arctic Inventory & Monitoring Network. Recent Projects • • • • • • • • • Mammal species lists and vouchers Dall sheep survey Montane nesting birds inventory Freshwater resource inventory and data Vascular and nonvascular plant inventories Tundra fire monitoring data Remote sensing data acquisition Conceptual model development “Vital Signs” Monitoring Plan Development Arctic Inventory & Monitoring Network. Recent Projects • • • • • • • • • Mammal species lists and vouchers Dall sheep survey Montane nesting birds inventory Freshwater resource inventory and data Vascular and nonvascular plant inventories Tundra fire monitoring data Remote sensing data acquisition Conceptual model development “Vital Signs” Monitoring Plan Development Arctic Inventory & Monitoring Network. Recent Projects • • • • • • • • • Mammal species lists and vouchers Dall sheep survey Montane nesting birds inventory Freshwater resource inventory and data Vascular and nonvascular plant inventories Tundra fire monitoring data Remote sensing data acquisition Conceptual model development “Vital Signs” Monitoring Plan Development Arctic Inventory & Monitoring Network. Recent Projects • • • • • • • • • Mammal species lists and vouchers Dall sheep survey Montane nesting birds inventory Freshwater resource inventory and data Vascular and nonvascular plant inventories Tundra fire monitoring data Remote sensing data acquisition Conceptual model development “Vital Signs” Monitoring Plan Development Arctic Inventory & Monitoring Network. Recent Projects • • • • • • • • • Mammal species lists and vouchers Dall sheep survey Montane nesting birds inventory Freshwater resource inventory and data Vascular and nonvascular plant inventories Tundra fire monitoring data Remote sensing data acquisition Conceptual model development “Vital Signs” Monitoring Plan Development Arctic Inventory & Monitoring Network. Recent Projects • • • • • • • • • Mammal species lists and vouchers Dall sheep survey Montane nesting birds inventory Freshwater resource inventory and data Vascular and nonvascular plant inventories Tundra fire monitoring data Remote sensing data acquisition Conceptual model development “Vital Signs” Monitoring Plan Development Arctic Inventory & Monitoring Network. Recent Projects • • • • • • • • • Mammal species lists and vouchers Dall sheep survey Montane nesting birds inventory Freshwater resource inventory and data Vascular and nonvascular plant inventories Tundra fire monitoring data Remote sensing data acquisition Conceptual model development “Vital Signs” Monitoring Plan Development North & West Alaska and Pacific Northwest CESUs NWA CESU Federal Agency Partners – – – – – National Park Service USGS Biological Resources Bureau of Land Management USDA Forest Service Natural Resources Conservation Service NWA CESU Nonfederal Partners – – – – – University of Alaska Fairbanks – host University of Alaska Anchorage University of Alaska Southeast University of New Hampshire Alaska Sealife Center Examples of Recent NPS-funded Projects through the NWA CESU Permafrost Monitoring Protocol Alaska Resident Statistics program Freshwater Research Synthesis for ARCN NWA CESU, Examples of Recent NPS-funded Projects Permafrost Monitoring Protocol Alaska Resident Statistics program Freshwater Research Synthesis for ARCN NWA CESU, Examples of Recent NPS-funded Projects Permafrost Monitoring Protocol Alaska Resident Statistics Program Freshwater Research Synthesis for ARCN NWA CESU, Examples of Recent NPS-funded Projects Permafrost Monitoring Protocol Alaska Resident Statistics program Freshwater Research Synthesis for ARCN Science and Learning Centers Murie Science and Learning Center at Denali National Park and Preserve Ocean Alaska Science and Learning Center at Kenai Fjords National Park “Beringia” The Beringian Heritage International Park Program Recent Beringia Projects Biting Flies of Beringia Taxonomic Listing of Beringian Fauna Synthesis of 10 Years Beringia Research Biosampling of Gray & Bowhead Whales Culture & History of Beringia Paleo-Indian Archaeology of Noatak Fungi of the Beringia Region Recent Beringia Projects Biting Flies of Beringia Taxonomic Listing of Beringian Fauna Synthesis of 10 Years Beringia Research Biosampling of Gray & Bowhead Whales Culture & History of Beringia Paleo-Indian Archaeology of Noatak Fungi of the Beringia Region Recent Beringia Projects Biting Flies of Beringia Taxonomic Listing of Beringian Fauna Synthesis of 10 Years Beringia Research Biosampling of Gray & Bowhead Whales Culture & History of Beringia Paleo-Indian Archaeology of Noatak Fungi of the Beringia Region Recent Beringia Projects Biting Flies of Beringia Taxonomic Listing of Beringian Fauna Synthesis of 10 Years Beringia Research Biosampling of Gray & Bowhead Whales Culture & History of Beringia Paleo-Indian Archaeology of Noatak Fungi of the Beringia Region Recent Beringia Projects Biting Flies of Beringia Taxonomic Listing of Beringian Fauna Synthesis of 10 Years Beringia Research Biosampling of Gray & Bowhead Whales Culture & History of Beringia Paleo-Indian Archaeology of Noatak Fungi of the Beringia Region Recent Beringia Projects Biting Flies of Beringia Taxonomic Listing of Beringian Fauna Synthesis of 10 Years Beringia Research Biosampling of Gray & Bowhead Whales Culture & History of Beringia Paleo-Indian Archaeology of Noatak Fungi of the Beringia Region Recent Beringia Projects Biting Flies of Beringia Taxonomic Listing of Beringian Fauna Synthesis of 10 Years Beringia Research Biosampling of Gray & Bowhead Whales Culture & History of Beringia Paleo-Indian Archaeology of Noatak Fungi of the Beringia Region Recent Beringia Projects Biting Flies of Beringia Taxonomic Listing of Beringian Fauna Synthesis of 10 Years Beringia Research Biosampling of Gray & Bowhead Whales Culture & History of Beringia Paleo-Indian Archaeology of Noatak Fungi of the Beringia Region Gates of the Arctic Nutritional & Contaminant Assessment of Lynx & Snowshoe Hare Western Arctic Caribou Herd Central Arctic Caribou Herd Whitefish TEK NOAT Archaeological Resource Inventory Educational Outreach Gates of the Arctic Nutritional & Contaminant Assessment of Lynx & Snowshoe Hare Western Arctic Caribou Herd Central Arctic Caribou Herd Whitefish TEK NOAT Archaeological Resource Inventory Educational Outreach Gates of the Arctic Nutritional & Contaminant Assessment of Lynx & Snowshoe Hare Western Arctic Caribou Herd Central Arctic Caribou Herd Whitefish TEK NOAT Archaeological Resource Inventory Educational Outreach Gates of the Arctic Nutritional & Contaminant Assessment of Lynx & Snowshoe Hare Western Arctic Caribou Herd Central Arctic Caribou Herd Whitefish TEK NOAT Archaeological Resource Inventory Educational Outreach Gates of the Arctic Nutritional & Contaminant Assessment of Lynx & Snowshoe Hare Western Arctic Caribou Herd Central Arctic Caribou Herd Whitefish TEK NOAT Archaeological Resource Inventory Educational Outreach Gates of the Arctic Nutritional & Contaminant Assessment of Lynx & Snowshoe Hare Western Arctic Caribou Herd Central Arctic Caribou Herd Whitefish TEK NOAT Archaeological Resource Inventory Educational Outreach Western Arctic National Parklands Subsistence Resource Study for Buckland Subsistence Resource Study for Kiana Cape Krusenstern Muskoxen Range Use Cape Krusenstern Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation Resource Selection of Calving Moose Muskoxen Feeding Trials Cape Krusenstern Lagoon Studies Western Arctic National Parklands Subsistence Resource Study for Buckland Subsistence Resource Study for Kiana Cape Krusenstern Muskoxen Range Use Cape Krusenstern Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation Resource Selection of Calving Moose Muskoxen Feeding Trials Cape Krusenstern Lagoon Studies Western Arctic National Parklands Subsistence Resource Study for Buckland Subsistence Resource Study for Kiana Cape Krusenstern Muskoxen Range Use Cape Krusenstern Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation Resource Selection of Calving Moose Muskoxen Feeding Trials Cape Krusenstern Lagoon Studies Western Arctic National Parklands Subsistence Resource Study for Buckland Subsistence Resource Study for Kiana Cape Krusenstern Muskoxen Range Use Cape Krusenstern Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation Resource Selection of Calving Moose Muskoxen Feeding Trials Cape Krusenstern Lagoon Studies Western Arctic National Parklands Subsistence Resource Study for Buckland Subsistence Resource Study for Kiana Cape Krusenstern Muskoxen Range Use Cape Krusenstern Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation Resource Selection of Calving Moose Muskoxen Feeding Trials Cape Krusenstern Lagoon Studies Western Arctic National Parklands Subsistence Resource Study for Buckland Subsistence Resource Study for Kiana Cape Krusenstern Muskoxen Range Use Cape Krusenstern Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation Resource Selection of Calving Moose Muskoxen Feeding Trials Cape Krusenstern Lagoon Studies Western Arctic National Parklands Subsistence Resource Study for Buckland Subsistence Resource Study for Kiana Cape Krusenstern Muskoxen Range Use Cape Krusenstern Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation Resource Selection of Calving Moose Muskoxen Feeding Trials Cape Krusenstern Lagoon Studies Related Projects • Alaska Park Science Symposia • Alaska Park Science Journal Alaska Park Science Symposia • 2004 Glacier Bay (Juneau) • 2006 Central Alaska Parks (Denali) • 2008 Arctic Parks/International Polar Year (proposal) • 2010 Coastal Parks (proposal) Alaska Park Science Journal NPS Arctic Science Funding (estimated in thousands) 2002 2003 2004 2005 Natural Ecology 2,486 2,810 1,950 2,150 Cultural Resources 1,400 1,296 1,351 1,477 Inventory & Monitoring 0 3,500 5,000 6,168 Total $3,886 $7,606 $8,301 $9,795 Resource Management Concerns Identified by NPS Scientists and Resource Managers in Alaska Climate change Climate change is changing habitats, use of areas, accessibility, biotic communities, diseases and causing other effects that will change the characteristics of parks as well as the type of management action required to maintain park values and mission. Global and local contaminants. Long range atmospheric and oceanic transport is bringing contaminants to parks with potential direct impacts on the viability of park resources, and the value of subsistence harvest. Local contaminants are being introduced through development of natural resources (e.g., mining) and use of park resources with industrial based transportation and activities (e.g., development, ATVs, boats, vehicles, hover craft). Exotic species. Coupled with climate change and increasing use of parks, exotic species are increasingly transported to, and able to thrive in areas where they did not exist previously. This has significant impacts on natural communities. Increasing human use. As human population continues to expand exponentially and Alaska parks become an increasing target of visitor enjoyment, subsistence and hunter use, potential impacts on natural and cultural resources increase. Development within and surrounding parks. Park ecosystems are directly linked to surrounding areas around park boundaries. Fragmentation, contamination, loss of habitat and overuse are likely to increase. NPS Alaska Regional Science Strategy Development Parks for Science Science for Parks Parks for Learning What Does This Mean to Scientists Interested in National Park areas? Park contacts and information are at: http://science.nature.nps.gov/research Acknowledgements: The photos, figures and information for this presentation were provided by the featured parks, programs and projects. Inventory & Monitoring Networks
